M/T NAVE UNIVERSE

GARBAGE MANAGEMENT
PLAN
GARBAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN M/T NAVE UNIVERSE

REVISION TABLE

Rev Number Date Authorized by Remarks

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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 In 2011, IMO adopted amendments to MARPOL Annex V which require that:

.1 Every ship of 100 gross tonnage and above, and every ship certified to
carry 15 or more persons, and fixed or floating platforms shall carry a garbage
management plan;

.2 Every ship of 400 gross tonnage and above, and every ship certified to
carry 15 or more persons engaged in voyages to ports or offshore terminals
of another Party, and every fixed or floating platform shall be provided with a
Garbage Record Book; and

.3 Every ship of 12 meters or more in length overall, and fixed or floating

platforms shall display placards which notify the crew and passengers of the
ship's disposal requirements of regulations 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the Annex as ap-
plicable.

1.2 These provisions are included in regulation 10 to the revised MARPOL Annex
V with an entry into force date of 1 January 2013.

1.3 The present plan has been drawn in accordance with the guidelines issued by
IMO included in Resolution MEPC.220(63) adopted on 2 March 2012 and is intended
to assist the company in the implementation of Regulation 10 of the revised Annex V
of MARPOL 73/78 which enters into force on 1 January 2013.

1.4 This garbage management plan details the specific ship’s equipment, ar-
rangements and procedures for the handling of garbage. The plan may contain ex-
tracts and / or references to existing company instructions. In any case the Master
and Company should comply with any national regulation, in addition to MARPOL
Annex V, in terms of Garbage Management and Discharge, applicable to the naviga-
ble waters or port of call.

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2 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Regulation 10.2 of the revised Annex V of MARPOL reads as follows:

"Every ship of 100 gross tonnages and above, and every ship which is certified
to carry 15 or more persons, and fixed or floating platforms, shall carry a gar-
bage management plan which the crew shall follow. This plan shall provide
written procedures for minimizing, collecting, storing, processing and dispos-
ing of garbage, including the use of the equipment on board. It shall also des-
ignate the person or persons in charge of carrying out the plan. Such a plan
shall be based on the guidelines developed by the Organization and written in
the working language of the crew."

All vessels must permanently post a summary declaration (placard) stating

the prohibition and restrictions for discharging garbage, including cargo resi-
dues and the penalties for failure to comply. The placard should be at least
12.5 cm by 20 cm, made of durable material and fixed in a conspicuous place
in the galley, the mess room(s), wardroom, bridge, main deck, engine room
and other areas of the ship where appropriate. The placards should be dis-
played at line of sight height and be printed in the working language of the
crew. Ships which operate internationally will also have placards printed in
English, French or Spanish, in accordance with regulation 10.1.2 of MARPOL
Annex V.

In addition to the regulation above, each garbage or cargo residue discharge

operation or completed incineration shall be recorded in the Garbage Record
Book and signed for on the date of the incineration or discharge by the officer
in charge. Each completed page of the Garbage Record Book shall be signed
by the master of the ship. The entries in the Garbage Record Book shall be at
least in English, French, or Spanish. Where the entries are also made in an of-
ficial language of the State whose flag the ship is entitled to fly, the entries in
that language shall prevail in case of a dispute or discrepancy.

The competent authority of the Government of a Party to the Convention

may inspect the Garbage Record Book on board any ship to which this regula-
tion applies while the ship is in its ports or offshore terminals and may make
a copy of any entry in that book, and may require the master of the ship to
certify that the copy is a true copy of such an entry.

Any copy so made, which has been certified by the master of the ship as a
true copy of an entry in the ship’s Garbage Record Book, shall be admissible
in any judicial proceedings as evidence of the facts stated in the entry. The in-
spection of a Garbage Record Book and the taking of a certified copy by the
competent authority under this paragraph shall be performed as expeditious-
ly as possible without causing the ship to be unduly delayed.

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2.2 Definitions

.1 Dishwater means the residue from the manual or automatic washing

of dishes and cooking utensils which have been pre-cleaned to the extent
that any food particles adhering to them would not normally interfere with
the operation of automatic dishwashers.

.2 Grey water means drainage from dishwater, shower, laundry, bath

and washbasin drains. It does not include drainage from toilets, urinals, hos-
pitals, and animal spaces, as defined in regulation 1.3 of MARPOL Annex IV
(sewage), and it does not include drainage from cargo spaces. Grey water is
not considered garbage in the context of Annex V.

.3 Recycling means the activity of segregating and recovering compo-

nents and materials for reprocessing.

.4 Reuse means the activity of recovering components and materials for

further use without reprocessing.

2.3 Application

.1 This section provides clarification as to what should and should not be

considered garbage under MARPOL Annex V.

.2 Ash and clinkers from shipboard incinerators and coal-burning boilers

should be considered as operational wastes within the meaning of regulation
1.12 of MARPOL Annex V, and therefore are included in the term garbage,
within the meaning of regulation 1.9 of MARPOL Annex V.

.3 The definition of "operational wastes" (regulation 1.12 of MARPOL

Annex V) excludes grey water, bilge water, or other similar discharges essen-
tial to the operation of a ship. "Other similar discharges" essential to the op-
eration of a ship include, but are not limited to the following:

.1 boiler/economizer blow-down;

.2 boat engine wet exhaust;

.3 chain locker effluent;

.4 controllable pitch propeller and thruster hydraulic fluid and

other oil to sea interfaces (e.g. thruster bearings, stabilizers,
rudder bearings, etc.);

.5 distillation/reverse osmosis brine;

.6 elevator pit effluent;

.7 fire-main systems water;

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.8 freshwater lay-up;

.9 gas turbine washwater;

.10 motor gasoline and compensating discharge;

.11 machinery wastewater;

.12 pool, spa water and recreational waters;

.13 sonar dome discharge; and

.14 well-deck discharges.

.4 While cleaning agents and additives contained in hold wash-water,

and deck and external surface wash-water are considered "operational
wastes" and thus "garbage" under Annex V, these cleaning agents and addi-
tives may be discharged into the sea so long as they are not harmful to the
marine environment.

.5 A cleaning agent or additive is considered not harmful to the marine

environment if it:

.1 is not a "harmful substance" in accordance with the criteria in

MARPOL Annex III; and

.2 does not contain any components which are known to be car-

cinogenic, mutagenic or reprotoxic (CMR).

.6 The ship's record should contain evidence provided by the producer

of the cleaning agent or additive that the product meets the criteria for not
being harmful to the marine environment. To provide an assurance of com-
pliance, a dated and signed statement to this effect from the product supplier
would be adequate for the purposes of a ship's record. This might form part
of a Safety Data Sheet or be a stand-alone document but this should be left
to the discretion of the producer concerned.

.7 Releasing small quantities of food into the sea for the specific purpose
of fish feeding in connection with fishing or tourist operations should not be
considered a discharge of garbage in the context of Annex V.

.8 Fishing gear that is released into the water with the intention for later
retrieval, such as fish aggregating devices (FADs), traps and static nets, should
not be considered garbage or accidental loss in the context of Annex V.

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3 PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM GARBAGE

3.1 To achieve cost-effective and environmentally sound results, the Company
has adopted a combination of five techniques to manage garbage:

.1 reduction at source

.2 reusing or recycling

.3 onboard processing (treatment)

.4 discharge into the sea in those limited situations where it is permitted

.5 discharge to a port reception facility

3.2 When ordering stores and provisions, the Company will encourage suppliers
to remove all packing at an early stage, to limit the generation of garbage on board
ships. Options to decrease the amount of domestic waste generated aboard ship in-
clude the following:

.1 Bulk packaging of consumable items may result in less waste being

created. However, factors such as inadequate self-life once a container is
open must be considered to avoid increasing wastes.

.2 Sorting of material that can be reused on board the ship should take
place before discharge.

.3 Reusable or recyclable packaging and use of containers can decrease

the amount of garbage being generated. Disposable cups, utensils, dishes,
towels and rags and other convenience items should be limited and replaced
by washable items when possible.

.4 When practical options exist, provisions packaged in or made of mate-

rials other than disposable plastic should be selected to replenish ship’s sup-
plies unless a reusable or recyclable plastic alternative is available.

.5 Consider selection of materials for stowage and securing of cargo or

protection of cargo from weather by using permanent reusable coverings for
cargo protection instead of disposable or recyclable plastic sheeting

.6 Using stowage systems and methods that reuse dunnage, shoring, lin-
ing and packing materials; and

.7 Discharging to port reception facilities the dunnage, lining and packag-

ing materials generated in port during cargo activities as its discharge into the
sea is not permitted.

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3.3 When garbage is generated aboard a ship, the following procedures are de-
fined to enable the crew to sort the material that can be reused onboard the ship or
recycled at an appropriate port reception facility.

.1 To reduce or avoid the need for sorting after collection and to facili-
tate recycling, it is recommended that distinctively marked garbage recepta-
cles be provided on board the ship to receive garbage as it is generated. Re-
ceptacles on board can be in the form of drums, metal bins, cans, container
bags, or wheelie bins. Any receptacles on deck areas, poop decks or areas ex-
posed to the weather should be secured on the ship and have lids that are
tight and securely fixed. All garbage receptacles should be secured to prevent
loss, spillage, or loss of any garbage that is deposited in the receptacles. Re-
ceptacles should be clearly marked and distinguishable by graphics shape,
size, or location. Receptacles should be placed in appropriate spaces
throughout the ship (e.g. the engine-room, mess deck, wardroom, galley, and
other living or working spaces) and all crew members should be advised of
what garbage should and should not be placed in them.

.2 The recommended garbage types that should be separated are:

.1 Red receptacles for plastics and plastics mixed with non-plastic

garbage. Plastic garbage (all plastics, including but not limited
to synthetic ropes, synthetic fishing nets, and plastic garbage
bags) must be retained aboard ship for discharge at port re-
ception facilities. When plastic garbage is not separated from
other garbage, it must be treated as if it were plastic.

.2 Brown receptacles for food waste. Such garbage should be

kept separate from other garbage and can be discharged at
sea where permitted or retained for disposal in port in accord-
ance with the laws of the receiving country.

.3 Green receptacles for all other garbage, which can be recycled

BUT CAN NOT BE disposed of at sea. Garbage in this category
includes, but is not limited to, cargo residues, paper products,
rags, glass, metal, bottles, crockery, dunnage, lining and pack-
ing materials. Such garbage should be kept separate from oth-
er garbage and retained for disposal in port or incinerated.

.4 Yellow receptacles for Expired Medicine and Hospital Waste

receptacle (marked by proper label and located in the ves-
sel’s hospital) for collection of respective waste.

.5 Yellow receptacles for Light bulb receptacle (marked by prop-

er label and located in electricians store room) for collection
of burned bulbs.

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.6 Yellow receptacles Batteries receptacle (marked by proper la-
bel and located in electricians store room) for collection of
expired batteries.

.7 Yellow receptacles Flares & Rockets receptacle (marked by

proper label and located in Bridge store locker) for collection
of expired LSA flares & rockets.

.8 Grey receptacles for incinerator ashes.

3.4 Ship’s garbage is made up of distinct components, some of which are regu-
lated in MARPOL Annex V, while others may be regulated locally, nationally or re-
gionally. Each component of the garbage should be evaluated separately to deter-
mine the best management practice for that type of garbage.

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4 GARBAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN

4.1 Designated person in charge of carrying out the plan

.1 CHIEF OFFICER is the designated person in charge for implementing

the procedures and carrying out the plan on board this vessel. CHIEF OFFICER
should ensure the garbage management plan is followed.

.2 CHIEF OFFICER should be assisted by all crew members to ensure that

the minimization, collection, separation and processing of garbage is appro-
priate and efficient in all areas of the ship.

.3 CHIEF OFFICER should ensure that the display and positioning of plac-
ards are carried out in accordance with the present plan.

4.2 Procedures for collecting garbage

.1 Company will provide suitable receptacles for collection and separa-

tion taking into consideration that Garbage collected from throughout the
ship should be delivered to designated processing or storage locations. Gar-
bage that must be returned to port for discharge at port reception facilities
may require storage until arrangements can be made to discharge it ashore
for appropriate processing. In all cases, garbage shall be stored in a manner
which avoids health and safety hazards:

.1 sufficient storage space and equipment (e.g. cans, drums, bags

or other containers) shall be provided. Where storage space is
limited, Company has provided vessels with compactors
and/or incinerators. To the extent possible, all processed and
unprocessed garbage stored for any length of time shall be in
tight, securely covered containers in order to prevent the un-
intentional discharge of stored garbage;

.2 food wastes and other garbage to be returned to port and

which may carry diseases or pests shall be stored in tightly
covered containers and be kept separate from garbage which
does not contain such food wastes. Quarantine arrangements
in some countries may require double bagging of this type of
waste. Both types of garbage should be stored in separate
clearly marked containers to avoid incorrect discharge and fa-
cilitate proper handling and treatment on land; and

.3 cleaning and disinfecting are both preventative and remedial

pest control methods that should be applied regularly in gar-
bage storage areas.

.2 Location of the receptacles onboard shall be as per the below:

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Position Receptacle Garbage Type

Accommodation Cabins One metal Plastics (RED)
Working Spaces One metal Recyclable (GREEN)
(CCR, Bridge, Ship’s Of- One metal Plastics (RED)
fice, Mess, Recreation
Rooms)
Galley One metal Plastics (RED)
One metal Food wastes (BROWN)
One metal Recyclable (GREEN)
One plastic drum Cooking Oil (YELLOW)
Pantries One metal Plastics (RED)
One metal Food wastes (BROWN)
One metal Recyclable (GREEN)
Engine Room One metal Incinerator ashes (GREY)
One plastic / metal Lamps (YELLOW)
One plastic / metal Batteries (YELLOW)
ECR One metal Plastic (RED)
One metal Recyclable (GREEN)
Hospital One metal Plastic (RED)
One metal Medical Waste (YELLOW)

The location of Collection and separation station onboard is

PASSAGE WAY BETWEEN ACCOMMODATION & ENGINE SUPERSTRUCTURE

.3 The process of how garbage is transported from the source of genera-

tion to the collection and separation stations is the following:

.1 Crew responsibilities for collecting or emptying these recepta-

cles and taking the garbage to the appropriate processing or
storage location are in accordance with Company’s SMS Pro-
cedures. Use of such a system facilitates subsequent shipboard
processing and minimizes the amount of garbage which must
be stored on board ship for return to port.

Plastics and plastics mixed with non-plastic garbage

.2 Plastics are used for a variety of marine purposes including,

but not limited to, packaging (vapor-proof barriers, bottles,
containers, liners, bags, cargo wrapping material, foam cush-
ioning material, etc.); ship construction (fiberglass and lami-
nated structures, siding, piping, insulation, flooring, carpets,
fabrics, paints and finishes, adhesives, electrical and electronic
components, etc.); disposable eating utensils (styrofoam
plates, bowls, food containers, cups, etc.); bags; sheeting;
floats; fishing nets; fishing lines; strapping bands; wire rope

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with synthetic fiber sheaths; combination wire rope; rope;
line; sails; and many other manufactured plastic items.

Regulation 3.2 of Annex V prohibits the discharge of all plastics

into the sea. When plastic is mixed with other garbage, the
mixture must be treated as if it were all plastic. The most
stringent procedures for the handling and discharge should be
followed taking into account the applicable provisions of the
garbage management plan.

INCINERATION OF ALL TYPES OF PLASTICS ONBOARD IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED

Food wastes

.3 Some governments have regulations for controlling human,

plant, and animal diseases that may be carried by foreign food
wastes and materials that have been associated with them
(e.g. food packing and disposable eating utensils, etc.). These
regulations may require incinerating, sterilizing, double bag-
ging or other special treatment of garbage to destroy possible
pest and disease organisms. This type of garbage should be
kept separate from other garbage and preferably retained for
discharge at port reception facilities in accordance with the
laws of the receiving country. Governments are reminded of
their obligation to ensure the provision of adequate reception
facilities. Precautions must be taken to ensure that plastics
contaminated by food wastes (e.g. plastic food wrappers) are
not discharged into the sea with other food wastes.

Synthetic fishing net and line scraps

.4 As regulation 3.2 of MARPOL Annex V prohibits the discharge

into the sea of synthetic fishing net and line scraps generated
by the repair or operation of fishing gear, these items should
be collected in a manner that avoids their loss overboard. Such
material may be incinerated, compacted, or stored along with
other plastics or it may be preferable to keep it separate from
other types of garbage if it has strong odor or is present in
great volume.

Unless such garbage is appropriately incinerated, the atmos-

pheric incineration products could be toxic. Onboard incinera-
tion should follow regulation 16 of MARPOL Annex VI.

Recovery of garbage at sea

.5 Seafarers are encouraged to recover persistent garbage from

the sea during routine operations as opportunities arise and

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prudent practice permits, and they are encouraged to retain
the material for discharge to port reception facilities.

.4 The garbage is to be handled between primary collection and separa-

tion stations and other handling methods relating to the following:

.1 needs of reception facilities, taking into account possible local

recycling arrangements;

.2 onboard processing and potential reuse of garbage aboard the

ship;

.3 storage;

.4 discharge into the sea in those limited situations where it is

permitted.

.5 The company recognizes that uniform programs in the field of training

and education would make a valuable contribution to raising the level of the
seafarers’ compliance with Annex V of MARPOL 73/78. Therefore, the com-
pany has developed and undertaken training education and public infor-
mation programs suited for officers and crew engaged in the ships operated
by it.

The training program that has been adopted by the company to facilitate col-
lection of garbage and sorting of reusable or recyclable material promotes
training, education and information of crew through the safety meetings on
board. Suggested topics to be included in the training are listed below:

.1 Rubbish is everyone’s responsibility, and is a problem growing

on a Global scale.

.2 Garbage in the marine environment, sources, types and im-

pacts.

.3 Options and procedures to minimize the generation of gar-

bage.

.4 Procedures established on board, the particular vessel, for the

handling and disposition of garbage.

.5 Procedures for sorting of reusable or recyclable material.

.6 Health and sanitation considerations related to the storage,

handling and transfer of garbage.

The training program that has been adopted by the company to facilitate col-
lection of garbage and sorting of reusable or recyclable material includes also
training using Computer Based Training Programs (CBT Programs) and

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awareness information training by regular Company’s Superintendents visits
onboard.

4.3 Procedures for processing garbage

.1 The following personnel is responsible for the operation of the pro-

cessing equipment, when same is installed onboard:

Processing Equipment Responsible Personnel

Compactor Chief Cook
Comminuter Chief Cook
Incinerator 2nd Engineer

.2 The following processing equipment is available onboard along with

their capacities, when same is installed onboard:

Processing Equipment Capacities

Compactor
Comminuter
Incinerator

.3 The following processing equipment is available onboard along with

their location, when same is installed onboard:

Processing Equipment Location

Compactor
Comminuter
Incinerator

.4 The following categories of garbage are to be processed by each of

the available processing equipment, when same is installed onboard:

Processing Equipment Type of Garbage

Compactor
Comminuter
Incinerator

.5 Describe how material that can be reused or recycled is to be handled

between primary processing stations and the storage or transfer stations

.6 Describe processing procedures used for the following:

.1 Needs of reception facilities, taking into account available re-

cycling arrangements;

.2 Storage; and

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.3 Discharge into the sea in those limited situations where it is
permitted.

.4 Depending on factors such as the type of ship, area of opera-

tion, number of crew, etc., ships may be equipped with incin-
erators 1, compactors, comminuters, or other devices for ship-
board garbage processing (see sections 2.8 to 2.11). Appropri-
ate members of the crew should be trained and assigned re-
sponsibility for operating this equipment on a schedule com-
mensurate with ship needs.

.5 Use of compactors, incinerators, comminuters, and other such

devices has a number of advantages, such as, reducing ship-
board space requirements for storing garbage, and making it
easier to discharge garbage at port reception facilities.

.6 It should be noted that special rules on incineration under

domestic law may apply in some ports and may exist in some
special areas. Incineration of hazardous materials (e.g. scraped
paint, impregnated wood) and certain types of plastics (e.g.
PVC-based plastics or other plastics containing hazardous
chemicals) calls for special precaution due to

.7 The company recognizes that uniform programs in the field of training

and education would make a valuable contribution to raising the level of the
seafarers’ compliance with Annex V of MARPOL 73/78. Therefore, the com-
pany has developed and undertaken training education and public infor-
mation programs suited for officers and crew engaged in the ships operated
by it.

The training program that has been adopted by the company to facilitate the
processing of garbage and reuse or recycling of material promotes training,
education and information of crew through the safety meetings on board.
Suggested topics to be included in the training are listed below:

.1 Rubbish is everyone’s responsibility, and is a problem growing

on a Global scale.

.2 Garbage in the marine environment, sources, types and im-

pacts.

.3 Options and procedures to minimize the generation of gar-

bage.

1
Refer to resolution MEPC.76(40), "Standard specification for shipboard incinerators". Amended by
resolution MEPC.93(45).

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.4 Procedures established on board, the particular vessel, for the
handling and disposition of garbage.

.5 Procedures for sorting of reusable or recyclable material.

.6 Health and sanitation considerations related to the storage,

handling and transfer of garbage.

The training program that has been adopted by the company to facilitate the
processing of garbage and reuse or recycling of material includes also training
using Computer Based Training Programs (CBT Programs) and awareness in-
formation training by regular Company’s Superintendents visits onboard.

.8 Ship’s personnel should follow standard operating procedures for the

operation and maintenance of the equipment used to manage garbage as per
maker’s instructions and manuals onboard. It should be noted that the
maintenance of the equipment should also follow the Company’s Planned
Maintenance System.

Shipboard equipment for processing garbage

.9 The choice of options for garbage processing depends largely upon

personnel limitations, generation rate, capacity, vessel configuration, voyage
route and availability of port reception facilities. The type of equipment
available for shipboard garbage handling includes incinerators, compactors,
comminuters and their associated hardware.

Grinding or comminution

.10 The discharge of comminuted food wastes may be permitted under

regulations 4.1.1 and 6.1.1 of MARPOL Annex V whilst the ship is en route.
Such comminuted or ground food waste must be capable of passing through
a screen with openings no greater than 25 mm.

A wide variety of food waste grinders is available on the market and most
modern ships' galleys have the equipment needed to produce a slurry of food
particles and water that washes easily through the required 25 mm screen.
Output ranges from 10 to 250 litres per minute. The discharge from ship-
board comminuters should be directed into an appropriately constructed
holding tank when the vessel is operating within an area where discharge is
prohibited.

Size reduction of certain other garbage items can be achieved by shredding or

crushing and machines for carrying out this process are available for use on
board ships.

Information on the development, advantages and use of comminuters for

processing food waste aboard ships should be forwarded to the Organization
for sharing between interested parties.

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Outside special areas, ships operating primarily beyond three nautical miles
from the nearest land are encouraged to install and use comminuters to grind
food wastes to a particle size capable of passing through a screen with open-
ings no larger than 25 mm.

Regulation 4 requires comminuting or grinding food wastes if the food wastes

are to be discharged between three and 12 nautical miles from the nearest
land. Although unprocessed food wastes may be discharged beyond 12 nauti-
cal miles, it is recommended that comminuters be used as they hasten as-
similation into the marine environment. Because food wastes comminuted
with plastics cannot be discharged into the sea, all plastic materials need to
be removed before food wastes are placed into a comminuter or grinder.

When operating inside a special area, regulation 6 of MARPOL Annex V re-

quires all food wastes to be comminuted or ground prior to discharge in to
the sea. All discharges are to be as far as practicable and not less than 12
nautical miles from the nearest land or ice-shelf.

Compaction

.11 The following table shows compaction options for various types of
garbage.

Most garbage can be compacted to some degree; the exceptions include un-
ground plastics, fibre and paper board, bulky cargo containers and thick met-
al items. Pressurized containers should not be compacted or shredded with-
out the use of specialized equipment designed for this purpose because they
present an explosion hazard in standard compactors.

Compaction reduces the volume of garbage. In most cases, the output from a
compactor is a block of material which facilitates the shipboard storage of
garbage and its discharging of the material in a port facility. It should be tak-
en into account that the output from a compactor might be subject to quar-
antine, sanitary or health requirements or other requirements from the port
reception facilities and advice from local authorities should be sought on any
standards or requirements which are additional to those set by the Organiza-
tion.

Compactors have options including sanitizing, deodorizing, adjustable com-

paction ratios, bagging in plastic or paper, boxing in cardboard (with or with-
out plastic or wax paper lining), baling, etc. Compacted materials should be
stored appropriately. While metal and plastic bales can get wet, paper and
cardboard bales should be kept dry.

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Compaction Options for shipboard generated Garbage

Examples of Special han- Compaction characteristics Onboard

garbage dling by vessel Rate of Retainment Density of storage
personnel be- altera- of compact- compacted space
fore compac- tion ed form form
tion
Metal, food and None Very Almost 100% High Minimum
beverage con- rapid
tainers, glass,
small wood
pieces
Comminuted Minor – reduce Rapid Approximate- Medium Minimum
plastics, fiber material to size ly 80%
and paper board for feed, mini-
mal manual
labor
Small metal Moderate – Slow Approximate- Relatively Moderate
drums2 , un- longer manual ly 50% low
comminuted labor time re-
cargo packing, quired to size
large pieces of material for
wood feed
Uncomminuted Major – very Very Less than Very low Maximum
plastics long manual slow 10%
labor time to
size material
for feed; usual-
ly impractical
Bulky metal car- Impractical for Not ap- Not applica- Not appli- Maximum
go containers, shipboard plicable ble cable
thick metal compaction;
items not feasible
Metal, food None Very Almost High Minimum
and beverage rapid 100%
containers,
glass, small
wood pieces

2
Small and large drums can be compacted very easily with the proper device – a large number of these devices
have been designed for remote locations, and therefore they are small and easy to operate with excellent results.
It should be noted, that the compaction of drums is probably restricted to larger vessels, due to lack of space on
smaller (fishing) vessels.

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If grinding machines are used prior to compaction, the compaction ratio can
be increased and the storage space decreased. Careful investigation of the
appropriate compaction machine should be undertaken, based on the type
and volume of material that will be compacted, as not all compactor require
grinding. Compaction is just one step in the solid waste management scheme
and the ship-owner/operator should ensure all phases of garbage manage-
ment are described in their Garbage Management Plan. Proper care should
be taken when handling and storing binder wrap to prevent it from acci-
dentally entering the marine environment.

A compactor should be installed in a compartment with adequate room for

operating and maintaining the unit and storing garbage to be processed. The
compartment should be located adjacent to the areas of food processing and
commissary store-rooms.

If not already required by regulation, it is recommended that the space

should have freshwater wash down service, coamings, deck drains, adequate
ventilation and hand or automatic fixed fire-fighting equipment.

Information on the development and use of shipboard compactors should be

forwarded to the Organization for sharing between interested parties.

Incineration

.12 Ash and clinkers from shipboard incinerators should be considered as

operational waste and, therefore, as garbage that is not eligible for discharge
into the sea.

Incineration conducted in a shipboard incinerator can significantly reduce the

need to store garbage on board the ship. Shipboard incinerators should be
designed, constructed, operated and maintained in accordance with the IMO
Standard Specification for Shipboard Incinerators. MARPOL Annex VI requires
shipboard incinerators installed after 1 January 2000 to be type approved and
meet specific air pollution criteria. Incinerators should only be used to incin-
erate materials that are specified by the incinerator manufacturer.

In general, shipboard incineration should not be undertaken when the ship is

in port or at offshore terminal. Some ports may have domestic laws that
specify additional air emission restrictions, particularly those near high popu-
lation areas. The use of a shipboard incinerator may require permission from
the port authority concerned.

The following table presents options for incineration of garbage, and includes
considerations for special handling by vessel personnel, combustibility, and
reduction in volume, residual materials, exhaust, and onboard storage space.
Most garbage is amenable to incineration with the exception of metal and
glass.

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Incineration Options for shipboard generated Garbage

Examples of Special handling Incineration Characteristics Onboard

garbage by vessel per- Combustibil- Reduction Residual Exhaust Storage
sonnel before ity of volume space
incineration
Paper Pack- Minor – easy to High Over 95% Powder Possibly Minimum
ing, food feed into hopper ash smoky
and bever- and not
age con- hazardous
tainers
Fibre and Minor – reduce High Over 95% Powder Possibly Minimum
paper board material to size ash smoky and
for feed, mini- not haz-
mum manual ardous
labour
Plastics Minor – easy to High Over 95% Powder Possibly Minimum
packaging, feed into hopper ash smoky and
food and not haz-
beverage ardous
containers, based on
etc. incinerator
design
Plastics Moderate – High Over 95% Powder Possibly Minimum
sheeting, manual labour ash smoky and
netting, time to size re- not haz-
rope and duction ardous
bulk mate- based on
rial. incinerator
design
Rubber Major – manual High Over 95% Powder Possibly Minimum
hoses and labour time to ash smoky and
bulk pieces size reduction not haz-
ardous
based on
incinerator
design
Metal food Minor – easy to Low Less 10% Slag Possibly Moderate
and bever- feed into hopper smoky and
age con- not haz-
tainers, etc. ardous
Metal car- Major – manual Very low Less 5% Large Possibly
go, bulky labour time to metal smoky
containers, size reduc- Fragments and not
thick metal tion(not easily and slag hazardous
items incinerated)
Glass food Minor – easy to Low Less 10% Slag Possibly
and bever- feed into hopper smoky
age con- and not
tainers, etc. hazardous
Wood, car- Moderate – High Over 95% Powder Possibly
go contain- manual labour ash smoky
ers and time to size re- and not
large wood duction hazardous
scrapes

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Some of the disadvantages of incinerators may include the possible hazard-

ous nature of the ash or vapor, dirty operation, excessive labor required for
charging, stoking and ash removal. Some incinerators may not be able to
meet air pollution regulations imposed in some ports and harbors or by flag
and coastal States when such matters are subject to their jurisdiction. Some
of these disadvantages can be remedied by automatic equipment for charg-
ing and stoking, however, the additional equipment to perform automatic
functions will require more installation space.

The incineration of garbage that contains a large amount of plastic involves

very specific incinerator settings such as higher oxygen injection and higher
temperatures (850 to 1,200°C). If these special conditions are not met, de-
pending on the type of plastic and conditions of combustion, some toxic gas-
es can be generated in the exhaust stream, including vaporized hydrochloric
(HCl) and hydrocyanic (HCN) acids. These and other intermediary products of
combustion of waste containing plastics are toxic to humans and marine life.

Onboard incineration of garbage may reduce the volume of garbage subject

to quarantine requirements in some countries. However, incinerator ash may
still be subject to local quarantine, sanitary or health requirements. Advice
should be sought from local authorities regarding requirements that are in
addition to MARPOL. For example, higher temperatures and more complete
combustion may be required to effectively destroy organisms that present a
risk.

Information on the development and advantages on the use of shipboard in-

cinerator systems should be forwarded to the Organization for sharing be-
tween interested parties

4.4 Procedures for storing garbage or reusable or recyclable material

.1 The vessel’s storage station as defined in § 4.2.1.2 has the following

capacities for the category of garbage or reusable or recyclable material:

Type of Garbage Available Capacity

Plastics
Recyclable Material
Food Waste
Incinerator Ash
Batteries
Hospital Waste
Flares & Rockets

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The total capacity of the containers is sufficient for a maximum period of

storage equal to twenty days. Therefore the minimum quantities are defined
by the following formula:

Q = [0.004 x (No. of persons on-board the vessel) x 20] m3

.2 The condition of how the garbage will be stored at the vessel’s stor-
age station as defined in § 4.2.1.2 is the following:

Type of Garbage Condition of How is Stored

Plastics Row condition, compressed
Recyclable Material Row condition, compressed
Food Waste Row condition
Incinerator Ash As is
Batteries As is
Hospital Waste As is
Flares & Rockets As is

.3 Garbage, including reusable and recyclable material, is to be handled

with extreme care between storage stations and discharge with regard to the
following:

.1 Discharge to reception facilities. All garbage should be dis-

charge ashore as kept onboard and divided into the specified
categories as listed in this Garbage Management Plan. This en-
sures that recyclable material will not be mixed with any dan-
gerous or non-recyclable garbage, and

.2 Discharge into the sea in those limited situations where it is al-

lowed: Only food waste should be discharge into sea WITH-
OUT any traces of any kind of other garbage.

.4 Garbage collected from throughout the ship should be delivered to

designated processing or storage locations. Garbage that must be returned to
port for discharge at port reception facilities may require storage until ar-
rangements can be made to discharge it ashore for appropriate processing. In
all cases, garbage should be stored in a manner which avoids health and safe-
ty hazards. The following points should be considered when selecting proce-
dures for storing garbage:

.1 sufficient storage space and equipment (e.g. cans, drums, bags

or other containers) are provided. All processed and unpro-
cessed garbage stored for any length of time should be in
tight, securely covered containers in order to prevent the un-
intentional discharge of stored garbage;

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.2 food wastes and other garbage to be returned to port and
which may carry diseases or pests should be stored in tightly
covered containers and be kept separate from garbage which
does not contain such food wastes. Quarantine arrangements
in some countries may require double bagging of this type of
waste. Both types of garbage should be stored in separate
clearly marked containers to avoid incorrect discharge and fa-
cilitate proper handling and treatment on land; and

.3 cleaning and disinfecting are both preventative and remedial

pest control methods that should be applied regularly in gar-
bage storage areas.

.5 The company recognizes that uniform programs in the field of training

and education would make a valuable contribution to raising the level of the
seafarers’ compliance with Annex V of MARPOL 73/78. Therefore, the com-
pany has developed and undertaken training education and public infor-
mation programs suited for officers and crew engaged in the ships operated
by it.

The training program that has been adopted by the company to facilitate the
storing of garbage and options for reuse or recycling components of the
waste stream promotes training, education and information of crew through
the safety meetings on board. Suggested topics to be included in the training
are listed below:

.1 Rubbish is everyone’s responsibility, and is a problem growing

on a Global scale.

.2 Garbage in the marine environment, sources, types and im-

pacts.

.3 Options and procedures to minimize the generation of gar-

bage.

.4 Procedures established on board, the particular vessel, for the

handling and disposition of garbage.

.5 Procedures for sorting of reusable or recyclable material.

.6 Health and sanitation considerations related to the storage,

handling and transfer of garbage.

The training program that has been adopted by the company to facilitate the
storing of garbage and options for reuse or recycling components of the
waste stream includes also training using Computer Based Training Programs
(CBT Programs) and awareness information training by regular Company’s
Superintendents visits onboard.

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Training of vessel’s crew is also facilitated by posting specific placards at ves-
sel’s prominent places as required by regulation 10.1. The placards should
contain a summary declaration stating the prohibition and restrictions for
discharging garbage from ships under MARPOL Annex V and the possible
penalties for failure to comply.

Appropriate placards should be posted as per attached sample. The declara-

tion should be placed on a placard at least 12.5 cm by 20 cm, made of dura-
ble material and fixed in conspicuous and prominent places on board the
ship. Placards should also be replaced when damage or wear compromises
the readability of the declaration.

The placards should also be placed in prominent places where crew will be
working and living, and in areas where bins are placed for collection of gar-
bage. These places include galley spaces, mess room(s), wardroom, bridge,
main deck and other areas of the ship, as appropriate. The placards should be
displayed at line of sight height and be printed in the working language of the
crew. Ships which operate internationally will also have placards printed in
English, French or Spanish, in accordance with regulation 10.1.2 of MARPOL
Annex V, when required.

4.5 Procedures for discharging of garbage

.1 Options for shipboard handling and discharge of garbage are de-

scribed in the following diagram. Although discharge into the sea of limited
types of garbage is permitted under Annex V, discharge of garbage to port re-
ception facilities should be given primary consideration. When discharging
garbage, the following points should be considered:

.1 Regulations 4, 5, and 6 of MARPOL Annex V, summarized in

table 1, set forth the requirements for garbage permitted to
be discharged into the sea. In general the discharge shall take
place when the ship is en route and as far as practicable from
the nearest land. Attempts should be made to spread the dis-
charge over as wide an area as possible and in deep water (50
meters or more). Prevailing currents and tidal movements
should be taken into consideration when discharging into the
sea is permitted; and

.2 to ensure timely transfer of large quantities of ship-generated

garbage to port reception facilities, it is essential for ship-
owners, operators or their agents to make arrangements well
in advance for garbage reception. At the same time, discharge
needs should be identified in order to make arrangements for
garbage requiring special handling or other necessary ar-
rangements. Advice should be provided to the port of the type
of garbage to be discharged and whether it is separated and
the estimated amounts. The port may have special discharge

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requirements for food wastes and related garbage which may
carry certain disease or pest organisms, dunnage, batteries,
medicines, outdated pyrotechnics or unusually large, heavy, or
odorous derelict fishing gear, etc.

.2 According to Regulation 1 of the revised Annex V of MARPOL, the spe-

cial areas are the Mediterranean Sea area, the Baltic Sea area, the Black Sea
area, the Red Sea area, the Gulfs area, the North Sea area, the Antarctic area
and the Wider Caribbean Region, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Wider
Caribbean Region which are defined as follows:

.1 The Mediterranean Sea area means the Mediterranean Sea

proper including the gulfs and seas therein with the boundary
between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea constituted by
the 41º N parallel and bounded to the west by the Straits of
Gibraltar at the meridian 5°36΄ W.

.2 The Baltic Sea area means the Baltic Sea proper with the Gulf
of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland and the entrance to the Bal-
tic Sea bounded by the parallel of the Skaw in the Skagerrak at
57º 44.8΄ N.

.3 The Black Sea area means the Black Sea proper with the
boundary between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea con-
stituted by the parallel 41º N.

.4 The Red Sea area means the Red Sea proper including the
Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba bounded at the south by the rhumb

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GARBAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN M/T NAVE UNIVERSE
line between Ras si Ane (12º 28.5΄ N, 43º 19.6΄ E) and Husn
Murad (12º 40.4΄ N, 43º 30.2΄ E).

.5 The Gulfs area means the sea area located north-west of the
rhumb line between Ras al Hadd (22º 30΄ N, 59º 48΄ E) and Ras
al Fasteh (25º 04΄ N, 61º 25΄ E).

.6 The North Sea area means the North Sea proper including seas
therein with the boundary between:

• the North Sea southwards of latitude 62º N and east-

wards of longitude 4º W;

• the Skagerrak, the southern limit of which is deter-

mined east of the Skaw by latitude 57º 44.8΄ N; and

• the English Channel and its approaches eastwards of

longitude 5º W and northwards of latitude 48º 30΄ N.

.7 The Antarctic area means the sea area south of latitude 60º S.

.8 The Wider Caribbean Region means the Gulf of Mexico and

Caribbean Sea proper including the bays and seas therein and
that portion of the Atlantic

.3 Except from the special areas as defined in Section 4.5.2 of this Chap-
ter, discharge of garbage to port facilities should be given first priority. Dis-
posal of ship-generated garbage from this vessel must be done in a manner
consistent with the regulations contained in Annex V of MARPOL 73/78 as per
attached table.

.4 When disposing of garbage, the following must be considered:

.1 Garbage, which may be disposed of at sea, can simply be dis-

charged overboard.

.2 Maintenance waste is generated more or less steadily during

the course of routine ship operation. In some cases, mainte-
nance wastes may be contaminated with substances, such as
soil or toxic chemicals, controlled under other annexes or oth-
er pollution control laws. In such cases, the more stringent
disposal requirements take precedence.

.3 To ensure timely transfer of large quantities of ship generated

garbage to port reception facilities, it is essential for ships or
their agents to make arrangements well in advance for gar-
bage reception. Disposal needs must be identified in order to
make arrangements for garbage requiring special handling.
Special disposal needs might include off-loading food wastes

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and associated garbage, which may carry certain disease or
pest organisms or unusually large, heavy or odorous waste.

.4 All expired medicines and all medical waste shall be kept sepa-
rately and shall either be incinerated or handed over to shore
facilities. Upon destruction / handing over of such waste a pro-
tocol of destruction / disposal shall be prepared and filed in
the medical files of the vessel.

.5 All expired batteries and burned light bulbs shall be kept by

the electrician and handed over to shore facilities.

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