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Cryptomenorrhea - Wikipedia

Cryptomenorrhea is a condition where menstruation occurs internally but is not visible externally due to an obstruction of the outflow tract. This causes menstrual blood to collect in the vagina. Patients experience cyclical abdominal pain but appear to have amenorrhea. The obstruction is usually a vaginal septum or part of the hymen and can be corrected surgically by incising or removing the obstruction to drain the retained menstrual blood. Without treatment, complications can include hematometra, hematosalpinx, endometriosis, and infertility.

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1K views6 pages

Cryptomenorrhea - Wikipedia

Cryptomenorrhea is a condition where menstruation occurs internally but is not visible externally due to an obstruction of the outflow tract. This causes menstrual blood to collect in the vagina. Patients experience cyclical abdominal pain but appear to have amenorrhea. The obstruction is usually a vaginal septum or part of the hymen and can be corrected surgically by incising or removing the obstruction to drain the retained menstrual blood. Without treatment, complications can include hematometra, hematosalpinx, endometriosis, and infertility.

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Cryptomenorrhea

Cryptomenorrhea or cryptomenorrhoea,
also known as hematocolpos, is a
condition where menstruation occurs but
is not visible[1] due to an obstruction of the
outflow tract. Specifically the
endometrium is shed, but a congenital
obstruction such as a vaginal septum or
on part of the hymen retains the menstrual
flow. A patient with cryptomenorrhea will
appear to have amenorrhea but will
experience cyclic menstrual pain. The
condition is surgically correctable.

Cryptomenorrhea
Specialty Gynecology

The patient usually presents at the age of


puberty when the commencement of
menstruation blood gets collected in the
vagina and gives rise to symptoms.

Symptoms
Eugonadotropic primary amenorrhea and
cyclical lower abdominal pain are the chief
presenting complaints of hematocolpos.
Patient may be brought in emergency
urinary retention.

Signs

Abdominal examination: swelling is felt


on palpation.
On vulval inspection: a tense, bulging,
bluish membrane is seen, this finding
varies according to the thickness of the
obstructing membrane. It may be absent
in patients with complete or partial
vaginal agenesis.
On rectal examination: a large bulging
mass is felt.
Complications

hematometra (collection of blood in the


uterine cavity)
hematosalpinx (collection of blood in
fallopian tubes)
endometriosis in long-standing cases
in severe, untreated forms, infertility and
urinary retention

Diagnosis
can be easily diagnosed on ultrasound,
vagina is seen filled with blood and uterus
is pushed upward. associated
hematosalpinx and hematometra may be
seen.
Treatment
A simple cruciate incision followed by
excision of tags of hymen allows drainage
of the retained menstrual blood. A thicker
transverse vaginal septum can be treated
with Z-plasty. A blind vagina will require a
partial or complete vaginoplasty.
Hematosalpinx may require laprotomy or
laparoscopy for removal and
reconstruction of affected tube.

Infertility may require assisted


reproductive techniques.

References
1. "cryptomenorrhea " at Dorland's
Medical Dictionary

External links
Classification DiseasesDB: 32217 D

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