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Leprosy Overview and Management

This document summarizes information about leprosy (LEPR SY), a chronic systemic infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is characterized by progressive cutaneous lesions that can affect the skin, peripheral nerves, eyes, testes, and upper respiratory tract mucosa. The disease is transmitted through aerosol droplets or prolonged skin contact and causes loss of sensation, skin damage, and peripheral nerve involvement. Diagnosis involves signs/symptoms and confirmation via skin smears or biopsy. Treatment involves multidrug therapy with rifampicin, dapsone, and clofazimine to render patients non-infectious. Nursing care includes support, nutrition, and terminal disinfection while prevention focuses on reporting cases

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158 views16 pages

Leprosy Overview and Management

This document summarizes information about leprosy (LEPR SY), a chronic systemic infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is characterized by progressive cutaneous lesions that can affect the skin, peripheral nerves, eyes, testes, and upper respiratory tract mucosa. The disease is transmitted through aerosol droplets or prolonged skin contact and causes loss of sensation, skin damage, and peripheral nerve involvement. Diagnosis involves signs/symptoms and confirmation via skin smears or biopsy. Treatment involves multidrug therapy with rifampicin, dapsone, and clofazimine to render patients non-infectious. Nursing care includes support, nutrition, and terminal disinfection while prevention focuses on reporting cases

Uploaded by

Nicole
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

LEPR SY

chronic systemic infection


characterized by progressive
cutaneous lesion
Affected organs
Skin
Peripheral nerves
Eyes
Testes
Mucosa of the URT
Causative agent
Mycobacterium leprae
Mode of transmission
Aerosol spread from infected
nasal and oral mucosa
Prolonged skin-to-skin contact
Anesthesia
Fine
Anhidrosis
nerves
Dryness
M. leprae
attacks
Pain then anesthesia
Large
Paralysis
nerves
Atrophy
Diagnosis
Presence of signs and symptoms
+
History of contact with PWL

1 of the 3 signs:
Hypopigmented or reddish patches
with definite loss of sensation
Damaged peripheral nerves
Acid-fast bacilli on SSS
S/Sx
Change in skin color
Loss of sensation on the lesion
Decrease or loss of sweating
Thickened or painful nerves
Muscle weakness
Pain and redness of the eyes
Nasal obstruction or bleeding
Ulcers that do not heal
S/Sx
Madarosis
Lagophthalmos
Clawing of fingers and toes
Sinking of nose bridge
Contractures
Gynecomastia
Chronic ulcers
Pathognomonic sign
The Ridley-Jopling Classification
Multibacillary Paucibacillary
Lepromatous and Tuberculoid and
borderline indeterminate
Infectious type Non-infectious type
(-) Lepromin test (+) Lepromin test
Slow peripheral nerve Rapid peripheral nerve
involvement involvement
5 or more lesions Less than 5 lesions
Modalities of Treatment

MDT

Rehabilitation

Sulfone
therapy
Multidrug Therapy
Use of 2 or more drugs for the treatment
of leprosy
Renders patients non-infectious 1 week
after the initiation of therapy

Rifampicin 600 mg once a month

Dapsone 100 mg daily

Clofazimine 50 mg daily

MB R D C
Multidrug Therapy
Use of 2 or more drugs for the treatment
of leprosy
Renders patients non-infectious 1 week
after the initiation of therapy

Rifampicin 600 mg once a month

Dapsone 100 mg daily

Clofazimine 50 mg daily

PB R D
Nursing Management
Moral support and encouragement
Diet should be wholesome
Terminal disinfection
Prevention and control
Reporting of all cases and suspects
Separating newborn from leprous mothers
BCG vaccination
Adequate nutrition
Health education on the mode of
transmission

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