Material Science & Engineering

[Week-1]

By
Anique Mukhtar
aniquemukhtar@[Link]
Anique Mukhtar| Material Science & Engg |Spring 2019 1
 Material Science & Engineering
• Course Code : ME-302
• Instructor : Anique Mukhtar
• Semester : Spring 2019
• Credit Hours : 2-0
• Pre Requisite : Engineering Chemistry
• Class timings : As per timetable
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Education
MS (Mechanical Engineering) 2016
HITEC University Taxila
MS Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

BS (Mechanical Engineering) 2013

HITEC University Taxila,

Research Publications 16
MS Publications 2
BS Publications 2
Research Projects, Review papers, Undergraduate Project
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 Experience
HITEC University Taxila, Pakistan.
2013– till date
Research Associate (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia).
Jan/2016-May/2016

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 Course Overview
• This course aims to introduce the concepts and the use of
materials in the design and manufacturing field.
• The course is expected to give the knowledge of material
selection, study material behavior in different operating
environment and protection of material against catastrophic
failure.

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 Books

An Introduction to Materials Science & William D. Jr.

Callister
Engineering

Mechanical Metallurgy George E. Dieter

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 Evaluation & Assessment

• Quizzes (minimum 4 Quizzes) 15%

• Assignments 05%
• Sessional Exam (2) 15% each
• End Term Exam 50%

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 Class Policy
• You are highly encouraged to ask questions and discuss the
course material with me and your classmates.
• No cheating, fabrication, falsification, forgery and
technology misuse.
• Please switch off/put on silent your cell phones.
• Adhere to the given date for assignment submission.
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 Copied Assignment
• Strict “no-copy” policy for assignments
• All copied assignments will get zero marks
(including the source assignment)

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 Course Learning Outcome (CLO’s)
• Know about the nature, types and behavior of metals, ceramics,
polymers, rubber, composite materials, intelligent / smart materials and
coated materials. .(Cognitive, C-1 Remember).
• Analyze the activities at atomic / molecular level to correlate
materials chemical and physical behavior including mechanical, optical,
magnetic, electrical and thermal as well as prevention techniques
against failure. (Cognitive ,C4 Analyze).

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 Assessment of CLO’s
CLO Assessment Learning Target
Methodology Domain with PLO
Level
1 Quizzes+ Sessional C1 PLO-1
Exams+ Final Exam
2 Quizzes+ Sessional C4 PLO-7
Exams+ Final Exam
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 Course Contents
Sr. No Topic Week
I • Material Atomic Structure & Correlation with 1
Mechanical, Electrical, Magnetic & Optical
Properties
II • Introduction to Single Crystal & Poly- 2
Crystalline Materials
III • Solidification & Mechanism of Crystallization 3

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 Course Contents
Sr. No Topic Week
IV • Phases of Material, Phase diagram of ferrous 4-5
and Non Ferrous Materials
V • Imperfection in Materials 6

1st Sessional Exam 7

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 Course Contents

Sr. No Topic Week

VI • Strengthening of Material & Mechanical 8-9
behavior of Materials
VII • Corrosion and its Controls 10-12
Ceramic and Polymer Materials
2nd Sessional Exam 13

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 Course Contents
Sr. No Topic Week
VIII • Elastomer Materials, Composite Materials, 14-16
Intelligent Materials

IX • Thin Film and sputtering & Special topics 17-18

Final Exam 19

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 Online Link for Course Material

• Lectures
• Attendance Record
• Relevant Books

[Link]
fJ
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 Material
• Material is anything made of matter, constituted of one or more
substances.
• Wood, cement, hydrogen, air and water are all examples of
materials
• In industry, Materials are the parts required to make something
else, from buildings and art to stars and computers.

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 Material Science & Engineering

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 Material Science & Engineering

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 Material Science
• Investigation of the relationship between structure and
Property of the material.
• Structure means subatomic arrangement of the material.
• Property means magnitude of a response to the applied loading.
It is independent of size and shape.

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 Different Structure Level

Macroscopic

Microscopic

Subatomic
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 Important Properties of Material
• Mechanical: Relate deformation to applied load; like E, strength
• Electrical: Relate current to applied voltage; like R, dielectric
• Thermal: Relate heat transfer to applied temperature; like k, C
• Magnetic: Due to magnetic field
• Optical: Due to electromagnetic radiation; like index of refraction and
reflectivity
• Deteriorative: relate to the chemical reactivity of materials
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 Example
• Three thin disk specimens of aluminum
oxide
• These differences in optical properties are a
consequence of differences in structure.

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 Four Components of MSE

Structure=f(Processing)
Performance=f(Properties)
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 Material Engineering
• On the basis of structure-property co-relations, designing the
structure of material for required properties.
• A material scientist develops or synthesize new materials
• A material engineer creates new products or systems using
existing materials, and/or to develop techniques for processing
materials.

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 Why Study Materials?
• Any design problem can’t be completed without material.
• A Material Engineer will investigate a material for a particular
design problem.
• It is very rare that a material possess maximum or ideal
combination of properties. So, Material is selected according to
Trade off, Deterioration of properties , Economics

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 Classification
of Materials

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 Aluminum
(Metal)

Glass
Coke in 3 Different
(Ceramic)
Materials

Plastic
(Polymer)

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 Atomic Bonding in Solids

Inter-atomic
bonding (type of
bond) --- Allows to
explain --material’s
properties

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 Bonding Forces in two Isolated Atoms

Equilibrium
Spacing
FN = FA + FR
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 Potential Energies in two Isolated Atoms

Bonding
Energy
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 Bonding Energy
• The energy required to separate the two atoms to an infinite
space is called Bonding Energy.
• The Bonding Energy depends upon the type of bonding
which exits between the two atoms.
• The Bonding Energy varies from one material to other.

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 Material Properties Dependence
• Material Properties depend upon
Bonding Energy , Shape of Energy vs Separation curve , Bonding
Type
• High melting point of metals
Solids have high bonding energy, Liquids have intermediate energy ,
Gases have very low bonding energy

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 Bonding Energies and Melting Temperatures

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 Material Properties Dependence
• Thermal Expansion
Inversely Proportional to Melting
Temperature
• Magnetic Properties
• Thermal Conductivity
Rotation of Electrons,
Valence Electrons, Atomic
Vibration Domains
• Electrical Properties • Optical Properties
Valence Electrons Optical Properties
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 Types of Bonding

Ionic Van Der Waals Metallic Covalent Hydrogen

Bonding Bonding Bonding Bonding Bonding

Low Melting
Variable Melting Very High Melting
High Melting Low Melting Points
Point Point
Point Points Soft and Brittle
Variable Very Hard
Hard and Brittle Soft and Brittle Usually
Hardness Usually not
Non conducting Non-Conducting Non-Conducting
Conducting Conducting
solid Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe İce,
Fe, Cu, Ag Diamond,Graphite
NaCl, CsCl, ZnS organic solids

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 See You In Next Class

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