ANSYS Fluent Tutorial Guide

ANSYS, Inc. Release 18.0

Southpointe January 2017
2600 ANSYS Drive
Canonsburg, PA 15317 ANSYS, Inc. and
ansysinfo@[Link] ANSYS Europe,
Ltd. are UL
[Link] registered ISO
(T) 724-746-3304 9001: 2008
(F) 724-514-9494 companies.
Copyright and Trademark Information

© 2016 SAS IP, Inc. Unauthorized use, distribution or duplication is prohibited.

ANSYS, ANSYS Workbench, Ansoft, AUTODYN, EKM, Engineering Knowledge Manager, CFX, FLUENT, HFSS, AIM
and any and all ANSYS, Inc. brand, product, service and feature names, logos and slogans are registered trademarks
or trademarks of ANSYS, Inc. or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. ICEM CFD is a trademark
used by ANSYS, Inc. under license. CFX is a trademark of Sony Corporation in Japan. All other brand, product,
service and feature names or trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Disclaimer Notice

THIS ANSYS SOFTWARE PRODUCT AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION INCLUDE TRADE SECRETS AND ARE CONFID-
ENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS OF ANSYS, INC., ITS SUBSIDIARIES, OR LICENSORS. The software products
and documentation are furnished by ANSYS, Inc., its subsidiaries, or affiliates under a software license agreement
that contains provisions concerning non-disclosure, copying, length and nature of use, compliance with exporting
laws, warranties, disclaimers, limitations of liability, and remedies, and other provisions. The software products
and documentation may be used, disclosed, transferred, or copied only in accordance with the terms and conditions
of that software license agreement.

ANSYS, Inc. and ANSYS Europe, Ltd. are UL registered ISO 9001: 2008 companies.

U.S. Government Rights

For U.S. Government users, except as specifically granted by the ANSYS, Inc. software license agreement, the use,
duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions stated in the ANSYS, Inc.
software license agreement and FAR 12.212 (for non-DOD licenses).

Third-Party Software

See the legal information in the product help files for the complete Legal Notice for ANSYS proprietary software
and third-party software. If you are unable to access the Legal Notice, contact ANSYS, Inc.

Published in the U.S.A.

Table of Contents
Using This Manual ...................................................................................................................................... xiii
1. What’s In This Manual ........................................................................................................................ xiii
[Link] Contents of the Fluent Manuals ................................................................................................... xiii
3. Where to Find the Files Used in the Tutorials ....................................................................................... xv
4. How To Use This Manual ..................................................................................................................... xv
4.1. For the Beginner ....................................................................................................................... xv
4.2. For the Experienced User ........................................................................................................... xv
5. Typographical Conventions Used In This Manual ................................................................................ xvi
1. Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent in ANSYS Workbench: Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing
Elbow .......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Prerequisites ..................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3. Problem Description ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.4. Setup and Solution ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.4.1. Preparation .............................................................................................................................. 4
1.4.2. Creating a Fluent Fluid Flow Analysis System in ANSYS Workbench ........................................... 5
1.4.3. Creating the Geometry in ANSYS DesignModeler ...................................................................... 9
1.4.4. Meshing the Geometry in the ANSYS Meshing Application ...................................................... 20
1.4.5. Setting Up the CFD Simulation in ANSYS Fluent ...................................................................... 27
[Link]. Starting ANSYS Fluent ................................................................................................... 27
[Link]. Setting Up Domain ........................................................................................................ 29
[Link]. Setting Up Physics ......................................................................................................... 32
1.4.6. Solving .................................................................................................................................. 42
1.4.7. Displaying Results in ANSYS Fluent and CFD-Post .................................................................... 51
1.4.8. Duplicating the Fluent-Based Fluid Flow Analysis System ........................................................ 60
1.4.9. Changing the Geometry in ANSYS DesignModeler .................................................................. 61
1.4.10. Updating the Mesh in the ANSYS Meshing Application .......................................................... 63
1.4.11. Calculating a New Solution in ANSYS Fluent .......................................................................... 65
1.4.12. Comparing the Results of Both Systems in CFD-Post .............................................................. 67
1.5. Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 72
2. Parametric Analysis in ANSYS Workbench Using ANSYS Fluent ........................................................... 73
2.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 73
2.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................... 74
2.3. Problem Description ....................................................................................................................... 74
2.4. Setup and Solution ......................................................................................................................... 77
2.4.1. Preparation ............................................................................................................................ 78
2.4.2. Adding Constraints to ANSYS DesignModeler Parameters in ANSYS Workbench ...................... 78
2.4.3. Setting Up the CFD Simulation in ANSYS Fluent ...................................................................... 87
[Link]. Starting ANSYS Fluent ................................................................................................... 87
[Link]. Setting Up Physics ......................................................................................................... 89
2.4.4. Defining Input Parameters in ANSYS Fluent ............................................................................. 92
2.4.5. Solving .................................................................................................................................. 97
2.4.6. Postprocessing and Setting the Output Parameters in ANSYS CFD-Post ................................. 100
2.4.7. Creating Additional Design Points in ANSYS Workbench ........................................................ 111
2.4.8. Postprocessing the New Design Points in CFD-Post ............................................................... 114
2.4.9. Summary ............................................................................................................................. 120
3. Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent: Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing Elbow ...................... 121
3.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 121
3.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 121
3.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 122

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. iii
Tutorial Guide

3.4. Setup and Solution in Serial .......................................................................................................... 122

3.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 123
3.4.2. Launching ANSYS Fluent ...................................................................................................... 123
3.4.3. Reading the Mesh ................................................................................................................ 126
3.4.4. Setting Up Domain ............................................................................................................... 131
3.4.5. Setting Up Physics ................................................................................................................ 133
3.4.6. Solving ................................................................................................................................ 145
3.4.7. Displaying the Preliminary Solution ...................................................................................... 156
3.4.8. Using the Coupled Solver ..................................................................................................... 171
3.4.9. Adapting the Mesh ............................................................................................................... 174
3.5. Setup and Solution in Parallel ........................................................................................................ 190
3.5.1. Starting the Parallel Version of ANSYS Fluent ......................................................................... 190
[Link]. Multiprocessor Machine ............................................................................................... 190
[Link]. Network of Computers ................................................................................................. 191
3.5.2. Reading and Partitioning the Mesh ....................................................................................... 194
3.5.3. Solution ............................................................................................................................... 201
3.5.4. Checking Parallel Performance ............................................................................................. 201
3.5.5. Postprocessing ..................................................................................................................... 202
3.6. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 205
4. Modeling Periodic Flow and Heat Transfer ......................................................................................... 207
4.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 207
4.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 207
4.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 208
4.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 208
4.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 209
4.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................... 209
4.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................... 212
4.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 212
4.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 212
4.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions ............................................................................................................ 214
4.4.7. Periodic Conditions .............................................................................................................. 215
4.4.8. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 215
4.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................... 216
4.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 220
4.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 228
4.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 228
5. Modeling External Compressible Flow ............................................................................................... 229
5.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 229
5.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 229
5.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 230
5.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 230
5.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 230
5.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................... 231
5.4.3. Solver .................................................................................................................................. 233
5.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 234
5.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 235
5.4.6. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 236
5.4.7. Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................... 238
5.4.8. Solution ............................................................................................................................... 239
5.4.9. Postprocessing ..................................................................................................................... 258
5.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 265
5.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 265

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
iv of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 Tutorial Guide

6. Modeling Transient Compressible Flow .............................................................................................. 267

6.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 267
6.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 267
6.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 268
6.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 268
6.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 268
6.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ........................................................................................... 269
6.4.3. Solver and Analysis Type ....................................................................................................... 271
6.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 272
6.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 273
6.4.6. Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................... 274
6.4.7. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 275
6.4.8. Solution: Steady Flow ........................................................................................................... 277
6.4.9. Enabling Time Dependence and Setting Transient Conditions ............................................... 291
6.4.10. Specifying Solution Parameters for Transient Flow and Solving ............................................ 294
6.4.11. Saving and Postprocessing Time-Dependent Data Sets ....................................................... 297
6.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 310
6.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 310
7. Modeling Radiation and Natural Convection ..................................................................................... 313
7.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 313
7.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 313
7.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 313
7.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 314
7.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 314
7.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ........................................................................................... 315
7.4.3. Solver and Analysis Type ....................................................................................................... 316
7.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 317
7.4.5. Defining the Materials .......................................................................................................... 320
7.4.6. Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................... 321
7.4.7. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 322
7.4.8. Obtaining the Solution ......................................................................................................... 326
7.4.9. Postprocessing ..................................................................................................................... 333
7.4.10. Comparing the Contour Plots after Varying Radiating Surfaces ............................................ 348
7.4.11. S2S Definition, Solution, and Postprocessing with Partial Enclosure ...................................... 357
7.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 361
7.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 361
8. Modeling Flow Through Porous Media ............................................................................................... 363
8.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 363
8.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 363
8.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 364
8.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 364
8.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 365
8.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................... 365
8.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................... 367
8.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 367
8.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 368
8.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions ............................................................................................................ 370
8.4.7. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 372
8.4.8. Solution ............................................................................................................................... 374
8.4.9. Postprocessing ..................................................................................................................... 379
8.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 392
8.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 392

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. v
Tutorial Guide

9. Using a Single Rotating Reference Frame ........................................................................................... 393

9.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 393
9.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 393
9.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 394
9.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 395
9.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 395
9.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................... 396
9.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................... 396
9.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 398
9.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 400
9.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions ............................................................................................................ 400
9.4.7. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 401
9.4.8. Solution Using the Standard k- ε Model ................................................................................. 404
9.4.9. Postprocessing for the Standard k- ε Solution ........................................................................ 411
9.4.10. Solution Using the RNG k- ε Model ...................................................................................... 420
9.4.11. Postprocessing for the RNG k- ε Solution ............................................................................. 422
9.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 427
9.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 427
9.7. References .................................................................................................................................... 428
10. Using Multiple Reference Frames ..................................................................................................... 429
10.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 429
10.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 430
10.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 430
10.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 431
10.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 431
10.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh and Setting the Units ........................................................ 432
10.4.3. Specifying Solver and Analysis Type .................................................................................... 434
10.4.4. Specifying the Models ........................................................................................................ 434
10.4.5. Specifying Materials ........................................................................................................... 435
10.4.6. Specifying Cell Zone Conditions .......................................................................................... 436
10.4.7. Setting Boundary Conditions .............................................................................................. 438
10.4.8. Defining Mesh Interfaces .................................................................................................... 440
10.4.9. Obtaining the Solution ....................................................................................................... 441
10.4.10. Step 9: Postprocessing ...................................................................................................... 446
10.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 453
10.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 454
11. Using Sliding Meshes ........................................................................................................................ 455
11.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 455
11.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 455
11.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 455
11.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 456
11.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 456
11.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 457
11.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 457
11.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 461
11.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 461
11.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions .......................................................................................................... 462
11.4.7. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 465
11.4.8. Operating Conditions ......................................................................................................... 470
11.4.9. Mesh Interfaces .................................................................................................................. 471
11.4.10. Solution ........................................................................................................................... 472
11.4.11. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 490

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
vi of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 Tutorial Guide

11.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 498

11.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 499
12. Using Dynamic Meshes ..................................................................................................................... 501
12.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 501
12.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 501
12.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 502
12.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 502
12.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 502
12.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 503
12.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 503
12.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 505
12.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 506
12.4.6. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 507
12.4.7. Solution: Steady Flow ......................................................................................................... 509
12.4.8. Time-Dependent Solution Setup ......................................................................................... 513
12.4.9. Mesh Motion ...................................................................................................................... 514
[Link]-Dependent Solution ................................................................................................. 522
12.4.11. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 532
12.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 535
12.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 535
13. Modeling Species Transport and Gaseous Combustion ................................................................... 537
13.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 537
13.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 537
13.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 538
13.4. Background ................................................................................................................................ 538
13.5. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 538
13.5.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 538
13.5.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 539
13.5.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 539
13.5.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 542
13.5.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 545
13.5.6. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 548
13.5.7. Initial Reaction Solution ...................................................................................................... 554
13.5.8. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 560
13.5.9. NOx Prediction ................................................................................................................... 569
13.6. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 581
13.7. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 581
14. Using the Non-Premixed Combustion Model ................................................................................... 583
14.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 583
14.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 583
14.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 584
14.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 585
14.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 585
14.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ......................................................................................... 586
14.4.3. Specifying Solver and Analysis Type .................................................................................... 590
14.4.4. Specifying the Models ........................................................................................................ 590
14.4.5. Defining Materials and Properties ....................................................................................... 597
14.4.6. Specifying Boundary Conditions ......................................................................................... 598
14.4.7. Specifying Operating Conditions ........................................................................................ 606
14.4.8. Obtaining Solution ............................................................................................................. 607
14.4.9. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 610
14.4.10. Energy Balances Reporting ............................................................................................... 613

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. vii
Tutorial Guide

14.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 615

14.6. References .................................................................................................................................. 615
14.7. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 616
15. Modeling Surface Chemistry ............................................................................................................. 617
15.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 617
15.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 617
15.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 618
15.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 619
15.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 619
15.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ......................................................................................... 620
15.4.3. Solver and Analysis Type ..................................................................................................... 622
15.4.4. Specifying the Models ........................................................................................................ 623
15.4.5. Defining Materials and Properties ....................................................................................... 624
15.4.6. Specifying Boundary Conditions ......................................................................................... 635
15.4.7. Setting the Operating Conditions ....................................................................................... 641
15.4.8. Simulating Non-Reacting Flow ............................................................................................ 642
15.4.9. Simulating Reacting Flow ................................................................................................... 644
15.4.10. Postprocessing the Solution Results .................................................................................. 650
15.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 657
15.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 658
16. Modeling Evaporating Liquid Spray ................................................................................................. 659
16.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 659
16.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 659
16.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 659
16.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 660
16.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 660
16.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 661
16.4.3. Solver ................................................................................................................................. 664
16.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 665
16.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 667
16.4.6. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 670
16.4.7. Initial Solution Without Droplets ......................................................................................... 675
16.4.8. Creating a Spray Injection ................................................................................................... 685
16.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 692
16.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 701
16.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 713
16.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 713
17. Using the VOF Model ......................................................................................................................... 715
17.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 715
17.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 715
17.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 716
17.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 717
17.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 717
17.4.2. Reading and Manipulating the Mesh ................................................................................... 718
17.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 723
17.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 725
17.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 726
17.4.6. Phases ................................................................................................................................ 728
17.4.7. Operating Conditions ......................................................................................................... 730
17.4.8. User-Defined Function (UDF) .............................................................................................. 731
17.4.9. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 732
17.4.10. Solution ........................................................................................................................... 735

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
viii of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 Tutorial Guide

17.4.11. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 742

17.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 746
17.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 746
18. Modeling Cavitation .......................................................................................................................... 747
18.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 747
18.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 747
18.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 747
18.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 748
18.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 748
18.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ......................................................................................... 749
18.4.3. Solver Settings ................................................................................................................... 751
18.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 752
18.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 754
18.4.6. Phases ................................................................................................................................ 757
18.4.7. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 760
18.4.8. Operating Conditions ......................................................................................................... 765
18.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 765
18.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 770
18.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 775
18.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 776
19. Using the Mixture and Eulerian Multiphase Models ......................................................................... 777
19.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 777
19.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 777
19.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 778
19.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 778
19.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 779
19.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 779
19.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 780
19.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 781
19.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 783
19.4.6. Phases ................................................................................................................................ 784
19.4.7. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 787
19.4.8. Operating Conditions ......................................................................................................... 790
19.4.9. Solution Using the Mixture Model ....................................................................................... 791
19.4.10. Postprocessing for the Mixture Solution ............................................................................ 794
19.4.11. Higher Order Solution using the Mixture Model ................................................................ 798
19.4.12. Setup and Solution for the Eulerian Model ........................................................................ 799
19.4.13. Postprocessing for the Eulerian Model .............................................................................. 803
19.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 806
19.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 806
20. Modeling Solidification ..................................................................................................................... 807
20.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 807
20.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 807
20.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 807
20.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 808
20.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 809
20.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ......................................................................................... 809
20.4.3. Specifying Solver and Analysis Type .................................................................................... 810
20.4.4. Specifying the Models ........................................................................................................ 812
20.4.5. Defining Materials .............................................................................................................. 813
20.4.6. Setting the Cell Zone Conditions ......................................................................................... 815
20.4.7. Setting the Boundary Conditions ........................................................................................ 816

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. ix
Tutorial Guide

20.4.8. Solution: Steady Conduction ............................................................................................... 824

20.4.9. Solution: Transient Flow and Heat Transfer ........................................................................... 833
20.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 844
20.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 844
21. Using the Eulerian Granular Multiphase Model with Heat Transfer ................................................. 845
21.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 845
21.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 845
21.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 846
21.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 846
21.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 847
21.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 848
21.4.3. Solver Settings ................................................................................................................... 849
21.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 849
21.4.5. UDF ................................................................................................................................... 850
21.4.6. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 851
21.4.7. Phases ................................................................................................................................ 852
21.4.8. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 855
21.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 862
21.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 874
21.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 877
21.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 877
21.7. References .................................................................................................................................. 877
22. Postprocessing .................................................................................................................................. 879
22.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 879
22.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 880
22.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 880
22.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 880
22.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 881
22.4.2. Reading the Mesh .............................................................................................................. 882
22.4.3. Manipulating the Mesh in the Viewer .................................................................................. 882
22.4.4. Adding Lights ..................................................................................................................... 884
22.4.5. Creating Isosurfaces ........................................................................................................... 889
22.4.6. Generating Contours .......................................................................................................... 891
22.4.7. Generating Velocity Vectors ................................................................................................ 896
22.4.8. Creating an Animation ........................................................................................................ 902
22.4.9. Displaying Pathlines ........................................................................................................... 907
22.4.10. Creating a Scene With Vectors and Contours ..................................................................... 914
22.4.11. Advanced Overlay of Pathlines on a Scene ......................................................................... 915
22.4.12. Creating Exploded Views .................................................................................................. 917
22.4.13. Animating the Display of Results in Successive Streamwise Planes ..................................... 922
22.4.14. Generating XY Plots .......................................................................................................... 924
22.4.15. Creating Annotation ......................................................................................................... 928
22.4.16. Saving Picture Files ........................................................................................................... 930
22.4.17. Generating Volume Integral Reports ................................................................................. 930
22.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 931
23. Using the Adjoint Solver – 2D Laminar Flow Past a Cylinder ............................................................ 933
23.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 933
23.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 933
23.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 934
23.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 934
23.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 934
23.4.2. Step 1: Load the Adjoint Solver Add-on ............................................................................... 937

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
x of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 Tutorial Guide

23.4.3. Step 2: Define Observables ................................................................................................. 938

23.4.4. Step 3: Compute the Drag Sensitivity .................................................................................. 941
23.4.5. Step 4: Postprocess and Export Drag Sensitivity ................................................................... 945
[Link]. Boundary Condition Sensitivity .................................................................................. 945
[Link]. Momentum Source Sensitivity ................................................................................... 946
[Link]. Shape Sensitivity ....................................................................................................... 948
[Link]. Exporting Drag Sensitivity Data .................................................................................. 950
23.4.6. Step 5: Compute Lift Sensitivity ........................................................................................... 952
23.4.7. Step 6: Modify the Shape .................................................................................................... 953
23.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 959
24. Simulating a Single Battery Cell Using the MSMD Battery Model .................................................... 961
24.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 961
24.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 961
24.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 962
24.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 962
24.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 962
24.4.2. Reading and Scaling the Mesh ............................................................................................ 963
24.4.3. Loading the MSMD battery Add-on ..................................................................................... 963
24.4.4. NTGK Battery Model Setup ................................................................................................. 964
[Link]. Specifying Solver and Models ..................................................................................... 964
[Link]. Defining New Materials for Cell and Tabs .................................................................... 969
[Link]. Defining Cell Zone Conditions .................................................................................... 973
[Link]. Defining Boundary Conditions ................................................................................... 974
[Link]. Specifying Solution Settings ....................................................................................... 974
[Link]. Obtaining Solution .................................................................................................... 978
24.4.5. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 980
24.4.6. Simulating the Battery Pulse Discharge Using the ECM Model ............................................. 991
24.4.7. Using the Reduced Order Method (ROM) ............................................................................ 992
24.4.8. External and Internal Short-Circuit Treatment ...................................................................... 993
[Link]. Setting up and Solving a Short-Circuit Problem .......................................................... 993
[Link]. Postprocessing .......................................................................................................... 995
24.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1001
24.6. Appendix .................................................................................................................................. 1001
24.7. References ................................................................................................................................ 1003
25. Simulating a 1P3S Battery Pack Using the MSMD Battery Model ................................................... 1005
25.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1005
25.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 1005
25.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................. 1006
25.4. Setup and Solution .................................................................................................................... 1006
25.4.1. Preparation ...................................................................................................................... 1006
25.4.2. Reading and Scaling the Mesh .......................................................................................... 1007
25.4.3. Loading the MSMD battery Add-on ................................................................................... 1008
25.4.4. Battery Model Setup ......................................................................................................... 1009
[Link]. Specifying Solver and Models ................................................................................... 1009
[Link]. Defining New Materials ............................................................................................ 1013
[Link]. Defining Cell Zone Conditions .................................................................................. 1016
[Link]. Defining Boundary Conditions ................................................................................. 1017
[Link]. Specifying Solution Settings ..................................................................................... 1018
[Link]. Obtaining Solution .................................................................................................. 1022
25.4.5. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 1024
25.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1033

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. xi
 Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
xii of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
Using This Manual
This preface is divided into the following sections:
1. What’s In This Manual
[Link] Contents of the Fluent Manuals
3. Where to Find the Files Used in the Tutorials
4. How To Use This Manual
[Link] Conventions Used In This Manual

1. What’s In This Manual

The ANSYS Fluent Tutorial Guide contains a number of tutorials that teach you how to use ANSYS Flu-
ent to solve different types of problems. In each tutorial, features related to problem setup and postpro-
cessing are demonstrated.

The tutorials are written with the assumption that you have completed one or more of the introductory
tutorials found in this manual:

• Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent in ANSYS Workbench: Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing El-
bow (p. 1)

• Parametric Analysis in ANSYS Workbench Using ANSYS Fluent (p. 73)

• Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent: Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing Elbow (p. 121)

and that you are familiar with the ANSYS Fluent navigation pane and ribbon structure. Some steps in
the setup and solution procedure will not be shown explicitly.

Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent: Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing Elbow (p. 121)

All of the tutorials include some postprocessing instructions, but Postprocessing (p. 879) is devoted entirely
to postprocessing.

2. The Contents of the Fluent Manuals

The manuals listed below form the Fluent product documentation set. They include descriptions of the
procedures, commands, and theoretical details needed to use Fluent products. These manuals are all
available on the ANSYS Customer Portal ([Link]

• Fluent Getting Started Guide contains general information about getting started with using
Fluent and provides details about starting, running, and exiting the program.

• Fluent Migration Manual contains information about transitioning from the previous release of Fluent,
including details about new features, solution changes, and text command list changes.

• Fluent User's Guide contains detailed information about running a simulation using the solution
mode of Fluent, including information about the user interface, reading and writing files, defining
boundary conditions, setting up physical models, calculating a solution, and analyzing your results.

• Fluent Meshing User's Guide contains detailed information about creating 3D meshes using the
meshing mode of Fluent.

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. xiii
Using This Manual

• Fluent in Workbench User's Guide contains information about getting started with and using Fluent
within the Workbench environment.

• Fluent Theory Guide contains reference information for how the physical models are implemented in
Fluent.

• Fluent Customization Manual contains information about writing and using user-defined functions
(UDFs).

• Fluent Tutorial Guide contains a number of examples of various flow problems with detailed instructions,
commentary, and postprocessing of results.

Tutorials for release 18.0 are available on the ANSYS Customer Portal. To access tutorials and
their input files on the ANSYS Customer Portal, go to [Link]

• ANSYS Fluent Meshing Tutorial Guide contains a number of examples of general mesh-generation
techniques used in ANSYS Fluent Meshing.

Tutorials for release 18.0 are available on the ANSYS Customer Portal. To access tutorials and
their input files on the ANSYS Customer Portal, go to [Link]

• Fluent Text Command List contains a brief description of each of the commands in Fluent’s solution
mode text interface.

• Fluent Meshing Text Command List contains a brief description of each of the commands in Fluent’s
meshing mode text interface.

• Fluent Advanced Add-On Modules contains information about the usage of the different advanced
Fluent add-on modules, which are applicable for specific modeling needs.

– Part I: ANSYS Fluent Adjoint Solver contains information about the background and usage of Fluent's
Adjoint Solver Module that allows you to obtain detailed sensitivity data for the performance of a
fluid system.

– Part II: ANSYS Fluent Battery Module contains information about the background and usage of Fluent's
Battery Module that allows you to analyze the behavior of electric batteries.

– Part III: ANSYS Fluent Continuous Fiber Module contains information about the background and usage
of Fluent's Continuous Fiber Module that allows you to analyze the behavior of fiber flow, fiber
properties, and coupling between fibers and the surrounding fluid due to the strong interaction that
exists between the fibers and the surrounding gas.

– Part IV: ANSYS Fluent Fuel Cell Modules contains information about the background and the usage
of two separate add-on fuel cell models for Fluent that allow you to model polymer electrolyte
membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), and electrolysis with Fluent.

– Part V: ANSYS Fluent Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Module contains information about the back-
ground and usage of Fluent's Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Module that allows you to analyze the
behavior of electrically conducting fluid flow under the influence of constant (DC) or oscillating (AC)
electromagnetic fields.

– Part VI: ANSYS Fluent Population Balance Module contains information about the background and
usage of Fluent's Population Balance Module that allows you to analyze multiphase flows involving
size distributions where particle population (as well as momentum, mass, and energy) require a balance
equation.

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
xiv of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 How To Use This Manual

• Fluent as a Server User's Guide contains information about the usage of Fluent as a Server which allows
you to connect to a Fluent session and issue commands from a remote client application.

• Running ANSYS Fluent Using a Load Manager contains information about using third-party load managers
with ANSYS Fluent.

– Part I: Running ANSYS Fluent Under LSF contains information about using Fluent with Platform
Computing’s LSF software, a distributed computing resource management tool.

– Part II: Running ANSYS Fluent Under PBS Professional contains information about using Fluent with
Altair PBS Professional, an open workload management tool for local and distributed environments.

– Part III: Running ANSYS Fluent Under SGE contains information about using Fluent with Univa Grid
Engine (formerly Sun Grid Engine) software, a distributed computing resource management tool.

3. Where to Find the Files Used in the Tutorials

Each of the tutorials uses an existing mesh file. (Tutorials for mesh generation are provided with the
mesh generator documentation.) You will find the appropriate mesh file (and any other relevant files
used in the tutorial) on the ANSYS Customer Portal. The “Preparation” step of each tutorial will tell you
where to find the necessary files. (Note that Tutorial Postprocessing (p. 879) use existing case and data
files.)

4. How To Use This Manual

Depending on your familiarity with computational fluid dynamics and the ANSYS Fluent software, you
can use this tutorial guide in a variety of ways.

4.1. For the Beginner

If you are a beginning user of ANSYS Fluent you should first read and solve Tutorial 1, in order to famil-
iarize yourself with the interface and with basic setup and solution procedures. You may then want to
try a tutorial that demonstrates features that you are going to use in your application. For example, if
you are planning to solve a problem using the non-premixed combustion model, you should look at
Using the Non-Premixed Combustion Model (p. 583).

You may want to refer to other tutorials for instructions on using specific features, such as custom field
functions, mesh scaling, and so on, even if the problem solved in the tutorial is not of particular interest
to you. To learn about postprocessing, you can look at Postprocessing (p. 879), which is devoted entirely
to postprocessing (although the other tutorials all contain some postprocessing as well).

4.2. For the Experienced User

If you are an experienced ANSYS Fluent user, you can read and/or solve the tutorial(s) that demonstrate
features that you are going to use in your application. For example, if you are planning to solve a
problem using the non-premixed combustion model, you should look at Using the Non-Premixed
Combustion Model (p. 583).

You may want to refer to other tutorials for instructions on using specific features, such as custom field
functions, mesh scaling, and so on, even if the problem solved in the tutorial is not of particular interest
to you. To learn about postprocessing, you can look at Postprocessing (p. 879), which is devoted entirely
to postprocessing (although the other tutorials all contain some postprocessing as well).

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. xv
Using This Manual

5. Typographical Conventions Used In This Manual

Several typographical conventions are used in this manual’s text to help you find commands in the
user interface.

• Different type styles are used to indicate graphical user interface items and text interface items. For example:

Iso-Surface dialog box

surface/iso-surface text command

• The text interface type style is also used when illustrating exactly what appears on the screen to distinguish
it from the narrative text. In this context, user inputs are typically shown in boldface. For example,
solve/initialize/set-fmg-initialization

Customize your FMG initialization:

set the number of multigrid levels [5]

set FMG parameters on levels ..

residual reduction on level 1 is: [0.001]

number of cycles on level 1 is: [10] 100

residual reduction on level 2 is: [0.001]

number of cycles on level 2 is: [50] 100

• Mini flow charts are used to guide you through the ribbon or the tree, leading you to a specific option, dialog
box, or task page. The following tables list the meaning of each symbol in the mini flow charts.

Table 1: Mini Flow Chart Symbol Descriptions

Symbol Indicated Action

Look at the ribbon

Look at the tree

Double-click to open task page

Select from task page

Right-click the preceding item

For example,

Setting Up Domain → Mesh → Transform → Translate...

indicates selecting the Setting Up Domain ribbon tab, clicking Transform (in the Mesh group box)
and selecting Translate..., as indicated in the figure below:

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
xvi of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 Typographical Conventions Used In This Manual

And

Setup → Models → Viscous Model → Realizable k-epsilon

indicates expanding the Setup and Models branches, right-clicking Viscous, and selecting Realizable
k-epsilon from the Model sub-menu, as shown in the following figure:

And

Setup → Boundary Conditions → porous-in

indicates opening the task page as shown below:

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. xvii
Using This Manual

In this manual, mini flow charts usually accompany a description of a dialog box or command, or a
screen illustration showing how to use the dialog box or command. They show you how to quickly
access a command or dialog box without having to search the surrounding material.

• In-text references to File ribbon tab selections can be indicated using a “/”. For example File/Write/Case...
indicates clicking the File ribbon tab and selecting Case... from the Write submenu (which opens the Select
File dialog box).

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
xviii of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent in ANSYS Workbench:
Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing Elbow
This tutorial is divided into the following sections:
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Prerequisites
1.3. Problem Description
1.4. Setup and Solution
1.5. Summary

1.1. Introduction
This tutorial illustrates using ANSYS Fluent fluid flow systems in ANSYS Workbench to set up and solve
a three-dimensional turbulent fluid-flow and heat-transfer problem in a mixing elbow. It is designed to
introduce you to the ANSYS Workbench tool set using a simple geometry. Guided by the steps that
follow, you will create the elbow geometry and the corresponding computational mesh using the
geometry and meshing tools within ANSYS Workbench. You will use ANSYS Fluent to set up and solve
the CFD problem, then visualize the results in both ANSYS Fluent and in the CFD-Post postprocessing
tool. Some capabilities of ANSYS Workbench (for example, duplicating fluid flow systems, connecting
systems, and comparing multiple data sets) are also examined in this tutorial.

This tutorial demonstrates how to do the following:

• Launch ANSYS Workbench.

• Create a Fluent fluid flow analysis system in ANSYS Workbench.

• Create the elbow geometry using ANSYS DesignModeler.

• Create the computational mesh for the geometry using ANSYS Meshing.

• Set up the CFD simulation in ANSYS Fluent, which includes:

– Setting material properties and boundary conditions for a turbulent forced-convection problem.

– Initiating the calculation with residual plotting.

– Calculating a solution using the pressure-based solver.

– Examining the flow and temperature fields using ANSYS Fluent and CFD-Post.

• Create a copy of the original Fluent fluid flow analysis system in ANSYS Workbench.

• Change the geometry in ANSYS DesignModeler, using the duplicated system.

• Regenerate the computational mesh.

• Recalculate a solution in ANSYS Fluent.

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. 1
Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent in ANSYS Workbench: Fluid Flow and Heat
Transfer in a Mixing Elbow
• Compare the results of the two calculations in CFD-Post.

1.2. Prerequisites
This tutorial assumes that you have little to no experience with ANSYS Workbench, ANSYS DesignModeler,
ANSYS Meshing, ANSYS Fluent, or CFD-Post, and so each step will be explicitly described.

1.3. Problem Description

The problem to be considered is shown schematically in Figure 1.1: Problem Specification (p. 3). A
cold fluid at 293.15 K flows into the pipe through a large inlet and mixes with a warmer fluid at 313.15 K
that enters through a smaller inlet located at the elbow. The mixing elbow configuration is encountered
in piping systems in power plants and process industries. It is often important to predict the flow field
and temperature field in the area of the mixing region in order to properly design the junction.

Note

Because the geometry of the mixing elbow is symmetric, only half of the elbow must be
modeled.

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
2 of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 Setup and Solution

Figure 1.1: Problem Specification

Note

The functionality to create named selections exists in both ANSYS DesignModeler and ANSYS
Meshing. For the purposes of this tutorial, named selections are created in ANSYS Meshing
since the meshing application provides more comprehensive and extensive named selection
functionality.

1.4. Setup and Solution

To help you quickly identify graphical user interface items at a glance and guide you through the steps
of setting up and running your simulation, the ANSYS Fluent Tutorial Guide uses several type styles and
mini flow charts. See Typographical Conventions Used In This Manual (p. xvi) for detailed information.

The following sections describe the setup and solution steps for this tutorial:
1.4.1. Preparation
1.4.2. Creating a Fluent Fluid Flow Analysis System in ANSYS Workbench
1.4.3. Creating the Geometry in ANSYS DesignModeler
1.4.4. Meshing the Geometry in the ANSYS Meshing Application
1.4.5. Setting Up the CFD Simulation in ANSYS Fluent
1.4.6. Solving
1.4.7. Displaying Results in ANSYS Fluent and CFD-Post
1.4.8. Duplicating the Fluent-Based Fluid Flow Analysis System

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. 3
Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent in ANSYS Workbench: Fluid Flow and Heat
Transfer in a Mixing Elbow
1.4.9. Changing the Geometry in ANSYS DesignModeler
1.4.10. Updating the Mesh in the ANSYS Meshing Application
1.4.11. Calculating a New Solution in ANSYS Fluent
1.4.12. Comparing the Results of Both Systems in CFD-Post

1.4.1. Preparation
1. Set up a working folder on the computer you will be using.

2. Go to the ANSYS Customer Portal, [Link]

Note

If you do not have a login, you can request one by clicking Customer Registration on
the log in page.

3. Enter the name of this tutorial into the search bar.

4. Narrow the results by using the filter on the left side of the page.

a. Click ANSYS Fluent under Product.

b. Click 18.0 under Version.

5. Select this tutorial from the list.

6. Click the elbow-workbench_R180.zip link to download the input files.

7. Unzip elbow-workbench_R180.zip to your working folder. This file contains a folder, elbow-
workbench, that holds the following items:

• two geometry files, elbow_geometry.agdb and elbow_geometry.stp

• an ANSYS Workbench project archive, [Link]

Tip

The Workbench project archive contains the project as it will be once you have
completed all of the steps of the tutorial and is included for reference. If you want to
extract the project archive, start Workbench and select the File → Restore Archive...
menu item. You will be prompted with a dialog box to specify a location in which to
extract the project and its supporting files. You may choose any convenient location.

Note

ANSYS Fluent tutorials are prepared using ANSYS Fluent on a Windows system. The screen
shots and graphic images in the tutorials may be slightly different than the appearance on
your system, depending on the operating system or graphics card.

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
4 of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 Setup and Solution

1.4.2. Creating a Fluent Fluid Flow Analysis System in ANSYS Workbench

In this step, you will start ANSYS Workbench, create a new Fluent fluid flow analysis system, then review
the list of files generated by ANSYS Workbench.

1. From the Windows Start menu, select Start > All Programs > ANSYS 18.0 > Workbench 18.0 to start a
new ANSYS Workbench session.

This displays the ANSYS Workbench application window, which has the Toolbox on the left and the
Project Schematic to its right. Various supported applications are listed in the Toolbox and the
components of the analysis system will be displayed in the Project Schematic.

Note

Depending on which other products you have installed, the analysis systems that appear
may differ from those in the figures that follow in this tutorial.

2. Create a new Fluent fluid flow analysis system by double-clicking the Fluid Flow (Fluent) option under
Analysis Systems in the Toolbox.

Tip

You can also drag-and-drop the analysis system into the Project Schematic. A green
dotted outline indicating a potential location for the new system initially appears in the
Project Schematic. When you drag the system to one of the outlines, it turns into a red
box to indicate the chosen location of the new system.

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. 5
Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent in ANSYS Workbench: Fluid Flow and Heat
Transfer in a Mixing Elbow
Figure 1.2: Selecting the Fluid Flow (Fluent) Analysis System in ANSYS Workbench

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
6 of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 Setup and Solution

Figure 1.3: ANSYS Workbench with a New Fluent-Based Fluid Flow Analysis System

3. Name the analysis.

a. Double-click the Fluid Flow (Fluent) label underneath the analysis system (if it is not already highlighted).

b. Enter elbow for the name of the analysis system.

4. Save the project.

a. In ANSYS Workbench, under the File menu, select Save.

File → Save

This displays the Save As dialog box, where you can browse to your working folder and enter
a specific name for the ANSYS Workbench project.

b. In your working directory, enter elbow-workbench as the project File name and click the Save
button to save the project. ANSYS Workbench saves the project with a .wbpj extension and also saves
supporting files for the project.

Note that the fluid flow analysis system is composed of various cells (Geometry, Mesh, etc.) that
represent the workflow for performing the analysis. ANSYS Workbench is composed of multiple
data-integrated and native applications in a single, seamless project flow, where individual cells
can obtain data from other cells and provide data to other cells. As a result of this constant flow
of data, a cell’s state can quickly change. ANSYS Workbench provides a visual indication of a
cell’s state at any given time via icons on the right side of each cell. Brief descriptions of the
various states are provided below:

• Unfulfilled ( ) indicates that required upstream data does not exist. For example, when you first
create a new Fluid Flow (Fluent) analysis system, all cells downstream of the Geometry cell appear
as Unfulfilled because you have not yet specified a geometry for the system.

Release 18.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. 7
Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent in ANSYS Workbench: Fluid Flow and Heat
Transfer in a Mixing Elbow
• Refresh Required ( ) indicates that upstream data has changed since the last refresh or update.
For example, after you assign a geometry to the geometry cell in your new Fluid Flow (Fluent)
analysis system, the Mesh cell appears as Refresh Required since the geometry data has not yet
been passed from the Geometry cell to the Mesh cell.

• Attention Required ( ) indicates that the current upstream data has been passed to the cell, however,
you must take some action to proceed. For example, after you launch ANSYS Fluent from the Setup
cell in a Fluid Flow (Fluent) analysis system that has a valid mesh, the Setup cell appears as Attention
Required because additional data must be entered in ANSYS Fluent before you can calculate a
solution.

•