A

Seminar Report
on
5G Technology
Submitted in the
partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Technology
in Computer Science & Engineering
under Rajasthan Technical University

SESSION 2018-2019

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Mr. Pankaj Dadheech Bhumi Shah

(Associate Professor) Roll No:15ESKCS048

(Department of CSE) Branch: CSE

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, M&G, Jaipur
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota
 SWAMI KESHVANAND INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
MANAGEMENT & GRAMOTHAN, JAIPUR

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Ms. Bhumi Shah, a student of B.Tech, (Computer

Science & Engineering) VIII Semester has submitted her Seminar
Report entitled “5G Technology” under my guidance.

Mr. Pankaj Dadheech

Associate Professor
(Dept of Computer Science & Engineering)

i
 SWAMI KESHVANAND INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
MANAGEMENT & GRAMOTHAN, JAIPUR

CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the work, which is being presented in the Seminar Report,
entitled “5G Technology” in partial fulfillment for the award of Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Department of Computer Science & Engineering
submitted to the Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management &
Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan Technical University is a record of my own
investigations carried under the Guidance of Mr. Pankaj Dadheech,
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute
of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur.
I have not submitted the matter presented in this report elsewhere for the
award of any other degree.

Bhumi Shah
(15ESKCS048)

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I feel immense pleasure in expressing my regards to the Chairman Mr. Surja

Ram Meel, Director Mr. Jaipal Meel, Registrar Mrs. Rachana Meel,
Director (Academics) Prof. (Dr.) S. L. Surana, Principal Prof. (Dr.) Ramesh
Kumar Pachar, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management &
Gramothan, Jaipur for providing me necessary facilities during the various
stages of this work.

I would like to thank Prof. (Dr.) C.M. Choudhary, HOD, Department of

Computer Science and Engineering for providing me opportunity to work in
consistent direction and providing their valuable suggestions to improve my
report.

I would like to thank my esteemed guide Mr. Pankaj Dadheech, Associate

Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, for his valuable
guidance, keen interest, constant encouragement, incessant inspiration and
continuous help throughout this work. His vast experience and realistic
approach have been of great help to me.

Bhumi Shah
(15ESKCS048)

iii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Certificate i
Candidate’s Declaration ii
Acknowledgment iii
Table of Contents iv
Abstract 1
1. Introduction 2
1.1. Definition 2
1.2. Features 2
1.3. Goals 3
2. Evolution From 1G to 5G 4
2.1. 1st Generation 4
nd
2.2. 2 Generation 5
2.3 3rd Generation 6
2.4 4th Generation 7
2.5 5th Generation 8
2.6 Comparison of all Generations 9
2.7 Terminology 11
3. Key Concepts 12
4. Architecture of 5G 14
4.1. Terminal Design 14
4.2. Open Wireless Architecture 15
4.3. Network Layer 15
4.4. Open Transport Protocol 15
4.5. Application Layer 16
4.6. Functional Architecture 16
5. Hardware & Software of 5G 20
5.1. Hardware of 5G 20
5.2. Software of 5G 20
6. Features, Advantages & Applications 21
6.1 Features 21

iv
6.2 Advantages 21
6.3 Applications 22
7. Conclusion 23
8. References 24

v
 ABSTRACT

5G Technologies will change the way most high-bandwidth users access their
phones. With 5G pushed over a VOIP-enabled device, people will experience a
level of call volume and data transmission never experienced before.
5Gtechnology is offering the services in Product Engineering,
Documentation,supporting electronic transactions (e-Payments, e-transactions)
etc. As the customer becomes more and more aware of the mobile phone
technology, he or she will look for a decent package all together, including all
the advanced features a cellular phone can have. Hence the search for new
technology is always the main motive of the leading cell phone giants to out
innovate their competitors. The 5g design is based on user-centric mobile
environment with many wireless and mobile technologies on the ground. In
heterogeneous wireless environment, changes in all, either new or older
wireless technologies, is not possible, so each solution towards the next
generation mobile and wireless networks should be implemented in the service
stratum, while the radio access technologies belong to the transport stratum
regarding the Next Generation Networks approach. In the proposed design the
user terminal has possibility to change the Radio Access Technology - RAT
based on certain criteria. For the purpose of transparent change of the RATs by
the mobile terminal, we introduce so-called Policy-Router as node in the core
network, which establishes IP tunnels to the mobile terminal via different
available RATs to the terminal. The selection of the RAT is performed by the
mobile terminal by using the proposed user agent for multi-criteria decision
making based on the experience from the performance measurements
performed by the mobile terminal.

1
 Chapter - 1

INTRODUCTION

The world has seen a lot of changes in the realm of communication. Today we
no more use landlines. Everyone possesses a mobile phone that functions
24X7. Our handsets not only keep us connected with the world at large but
also serve the purpose of entertainment gadget. From 1G to 2.5G and from 3G
to 5G this world of telecommunications has seen a number of improvements
along with improved performance with every passing day.

1.1 Definition

5G Wireless System is a complete wireless communication with almost no

limitation. It is a technology used in research papers and projects to denote the
next major phase of mobile telecommunication standards beyond 4G. The
implementation of standards under a 5G umbrella would likely be around the
year of 2020.

1.2 Features

 Worldwide cellular phone : Phone calls in any country can be done easily
like a local phone call.

 Extraordinary data capabilities : Data capabilities of the 5G system is

much more higher than other generation so you can store more number of
data with less problem in storing them. 

 High connectivity : Connectivity speed of 5G is minimum 25 Mbps.

 More power & features in hand held phones : You'll have all features of
PDA & laptops in your mobile phone, which makes it more powerful.

 Large phone memory, more dialing speed, more clarity in audio & video

2
1.3 Goals

The 5th generation is envisaged to be a complete network for wireless mobile

internet, which has the capability to offer services for accommodating the
application potential requirements without suffering the quality. The ultimate
goal of 5G is to design a real wireless world, that is free from obstacles of the
earlier generations.

5G technology will change the manner in which cellular plans are offered
worldwide. A new revolution is about to begin. The global cell phone is around
the corner. The global mobile phone will hit the localities who can call and
access from one country to another’s local phone with this new technology.
The way in which people are communicating will altogether upgrade. The
utilization of this gadget will surely move a step ahead with improved and
accessible connectivity around the world. Your office will shrink into your
handset with this cell phone that is going to resemble PDA (personal digital
assistant) of twenty first century.

5G technology has a bright future because it can handle best technologies and
offer priceless handset to their customers. May be in coming days 5G
technology takes over the world market. 5G Technologies have an
extraordinary capability to support Software and Consultancy.

The Router and switch technology used in 5G network will provide high
connectivity. The 5G technology distributes internet access to nodes within the
building and can be deployed with union of wired or wireless network
connections. The current trend of 5G technology has a glowing future.

Chapter - 2

EVOLUTION FROM 1G TO 5G

2.1 1st GENERATION

3
First Generation wireless technology (1G) is the original analog (An analog or
analogue signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature
(variable) of the signal is a representation of some other time varying
quantity), voice-only cellular telephone standard, developed in the 1980s. The
prominent ones among 1G system were advanced mobile phone system
(AMPS), Nordic mobile telephone (NMT), and total access communication
system (TACS).

Fig. 1: 1G Mobile

 Developed in 1980s & completed in early 1990s 

 Based on analog system 
 Speed up to 2.4 kbps 
 AMPS (Advance Mobile Phone System) was launched by the US & it was
the 1G mobile system
 Allows user to make voice calls in 1 country.

2.2 2nd GENERATION

2G (or 2-G) is short for second-generation wireless telephone technology.
Second generation 2G cellular Telecom networks were commercially launched
on the GSM standard in Finland in 1991. 2G network allows for much greater
penetration intensity. 2G technologies enabled the various mobile phone
networks to provide the services such as text messages, picture messages and

4
MMS (Multi-Media Messages). 2G technology is more efficient. 2G
technology holds sufficient security for both the sender and the receiver. All
text messages are digitally encrypted. This digital encryption allows for the
transfer of data in such a way that only the intended receiver can receive and
read it.

Second generation technologies are either time division multiple access

(TDMA) or code division multiple access (CDMA). TDMA allows for the
division of signal into time slots. CDMA allocates each user a special code to
communicate over a multiplex physical channel. Different TDMA technologies
are GSM, PDC, iDEN, IS-136. CDMA technology is IS-95. GSM (Global
system for mobile communication) is the most admired standard of all the
mobile technologies. GSM technology was the first one to help establish
international roaming. This enabled the mobile subscribers to use their mobile
phone connections in many different countries of the world’s is based on
digital signals ,unlike 1G technologies which were used to transfer analogue
signals. GSM has enabled the users to make use of the short message services
(SMS) to any mobile network at any time. SMS is a cheap and easy way to
send a message to anyone, other than the voice call or conference. This
technology is beneficial to both the network operators and the ultimate users at
the same time.
In comparison to 1G's analog signals, 2G's digital signals are very reliant on
location and proximity. If a 2G handset made a call far away from a cell tower,
the digital signal may not be enough to reach it. While a call made from a 1G
handset had generally poor quality than that of a 2G handset, it survived longer
distances. This is due to the analog signal having a smooth curve compared to
the digital signal, which had a jagged, angular curve. As conditions worsen, the
quality of a call made from a 1G handset would gradually worsen, but a call
made from a 2G handset would fail completely.

5
 Fig. 2: 2G Mobile
 Developed in late 1980s & completed in late 1990s
 Based on digital system
 Speed up to 64 kbps
 Semi global facility

2.3 3rd GENERATION

International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT--2000), better known as
3G or 3rd Generation, is a generation of standards for mobile phones and
mobile telecommunications services fulfilling specifications by the
International Telecommunication Union. The use of 3G technology is also able
to transmit packet switch data efficiently at better and increased bandwidth. 3G
mobile technologies proffers more advanced services to mobile users. The
spectral efficiency of 3G technology is better than 2G technologies. Spectral
efficiency is the measurement of rate of information transfer over any
communication system. 3G is also known as IMT-2000.

6
 Fig. 3: 3G Mobile
 Developed between late 1990s & early 2000s
 In 2005, 3G was ready to live up to its performance in computer
networking (WCDMA, WLAN and Bluetooth) and mobile devices area
(cell phone and GPS)
 Transmission speed from 125 kbps to 2 Mbps
 Superior voice quality
 Good clarity in video conference
 Data are sent through technology called packet switching
 Voice calls are interpreted using circuit switching
 Fast Communication, Internet, Mobile T.V, E-mail, PDA, information
surfing, on-line shopping/banking, Multi Media Messaging Service
(MMS), 3D gaming, Multi-Gaming etc.
 Global roaming

2.4 4th GENERATION

4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular wireless standards. It is a
successor to 3G and 2G families of standards. The fourth generation (4G) is a
framework that provides a high speed wireless network that can transmit
multimedia and data to and interface with wire-line backbone network
perfectly just raised in 2002. The speeds of 4G is promised up to 100Mbps.
Some of the applications of 4G are:
 Mobile TV – a provider redirects a TV channel directly to the subscriber's
phone where it can be watched.
 Video on demand – a provider sends a movie to the subscriber's phone.
 Video conferencing – subscribers can see as well as talk to each other.
 Tele-medicine – a medical provider monitors or provides advice to the
potentially isolated subscriber.

7
 Location-based services – a provider sends localized weather or traffic
conditions to the phone, or the phone allows the subscriber to find nearby
businesses or friends.
 Mobile ultra-broadband (gigabit speed) access and multi-carrier
transmission.
 Mobile WiMAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access).

Fig. 4: 4G Mobile
 Developed in 2010
 Faster & more reliable
 Speed up to 100 Mbps
 Both cellular and broadband multimedia services everywhere
 High performance
 Easy global roaming
 Low cost

2.5 5th GENERATION

5G Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile technology. 5G technology
has changed the means to use cell phones within very high bandwidth. User
never experienced ever before such a high value technology. The 5G
technologies include all type of advanced features which makes 5G technology
most powerful and in huge demand in near future.
The gigantic array of innovative technology being built into new cell phones is
stunning. 5G technologies which are on hand held phone offering more power
and features than at least 1000 lunar modules. A user can also hook their 5G

8
technology cell phone with their Laptop to get broadband internet access. 5G
technology including camera, MP3 recording, video player, large phone
memory, dialing speed, audio player and much more you never imagine.

Fig. 5: 5G Mobile
 Next major phase of mobile telecommunication & wireless system
 10 times more capacity than others
 Expected speed up to 1 Gbps
 More faster & reliable than 4G
 Lower cost than previous generations

2.6 COMPARISON OF ALL GENERATIONS

Table 1: Comparison of All Generations

Generation 1G 2G 3G 4G 5G
Years 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s
Data 2 kbps 64 kbps 2 Mbps 200 Mbps 1 Gbps
Bandwidth
Single Single
Standards AMPS TDMA, WCDMA
unified unified
CDMA, standard standard
GSM,
GPRS
Technology Analog Digital Broadband Unified IP & Unified IP &
cellular cellular with CDMA, seamless seamless
IP combination combination
technology of of
broadband, broadband,

9
 LAN, WAN LAN, WAN,
& WLAN WLAN &
WWWW
Digital
Services Mobile Integrated Dynamic Dynamic
voice,
SMS,
technology high quality information information
Higher
(Voice) Capacity audio, video access, access,
packetized & data wearable wearable
Devices Devices with
AI
capabilities
Multiplexing FDMA TDMA, CDMA CDMA CDMA

2.7 TERMINOLOGY

 WWWW: A World Wide Wireless Web is capable of supporting a

comprehensive wireless-based Web application that includes full graphics
and multimedia capability at beyond 4G speeds.
 WDM: Wavelength Division Multiplexing allows many independent
signals to be transmitted simultaneously on one fiber with each signal
located at a different wavelength. Routing and detection of these signals
require devices that are wavelength selective, allowing for the
transmission, recovery, or routing of specific wavelengths in photonic
networks. 
 WCDMA: Wide band CDMA is a technology for wideband digital radio
communications of multimedia and other capacity demanding applications.
 PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network is a regular voice
telephone network. 
 Spread Spectrum: It is a form of wireless communication in which the
frequency of the transmitted signal is deliberately varied over a wide range.
This results in a higher bandwidth of the signal than the one without varied
frequency. 

10
 TDMA: Time Division Multiple Access is a technology for sharing a
medium by several users by dividing into different time slots transmitting
at the same frequency. 
 UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System is the third
generation mobile telephone standard in Europe. 
 WAP: Wireless Application Protocol defines the use of TCP/IP and Web
browsing for mobile systems. 
 DAWN: Advanced technologies including smart antenna and flexible
modulation are keys to optimize this wireless version of reconfigurable ad
hoc networks.

11
 Chapter - 3
KEY CONCEPTS

 Real wireless world with no more limitation with access and zone issues.
 Wearable devices with AI (Artificial Intelligence) capabilities.
 Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6), where a visiting care-of mobile IP
address is assigned according to location and connected network.
 One unified global standard.
 Dynamic Adhoc Wireless Networks (DAWN), essentially identical to
Mobile adhoc network (MANET), Wireless mesh network (WMN) or
wireless grids, combined with smart antennas, cooperative diversity and
flexible modulation.
 User centric (or cell phone developer initiated) network concept instead of
operator-initiated (as in 1G) or system developer initiated (as in 2G, 3G
and 4G) standards.
 World Wide wireless web (WWWW), i.e. comprehensive wireless-based
web applications that include full multimedia capability beyond 4G speeds.
 Pervasive networks providing ubiquitous computing: The user can
simultaneously be connected to several wireless access technologies and
seamlessly move between them (See Media independent handover or
vertical handover, IEEE 802.21, also expected to be provided by future 4G
releases). These access technologies can be a 2.5G, 3G, 4G or 5G mobile
networks, Wi-Fi, WPAN or any other future access technology. In 5G, the
concept may be further developed into multiple concurrent data transfer
paths.
 Cognitive radio technology, also known as smart-radio: allowing different
radio technologies to share the same spectrum efficiently by adaptively
finding unused spectrum and adapting the transmission scheme to the
requirements of the technologies currently sharing the spectrum. This
dynamic radio resource management is achieved in a distributed fashion,
and relies on software defined radio.

12
 High altitude stratospheric platform station (HAPS) systems.
 Group cooperative relay: A major issue in beyond 4G systems is to make
the high bit rates available in a larger portion of the cell, especially to users
in an exposed position in between several base stations. In current
research, this issue is addressed by cellular repeaters and macro-diversity
techniques, also known as group cooperative relay, as well as by beam
division multiple access (BDMA).

13
 Chapter - 4
ARCHITECTURE OF 5G

4.1 TERMINAL DESIGN



Fig. 6: Mobile Terminal Design of 5G

4.2 OPEN WIRELESS ARCHITECTURE (OWA)
Physical layer + Data link layer = OWA

 OSI layer 1 i.e. Physical layer & OSI layer 2 i.e. Data link layer define the
wireless technology. 

14
 For these two layers the 5G mobile network is likely to be based on Open
Wireless Architecture (OWA) 

4.3 NETWORK LAYER

 All mobile networks will use mobile IP.
 Each mobile terminal will be FA (Foreign Agent).
 A mobile can be attached to several mobiles or wireless networks at the
same time.
 The fixed IPv6 will be implemented in the mobile phones.
 Separation of network layer into two sub-layers: 
(i) Lower network layer (for each interface)
(ii) Upper network layer (for the mobile terminal)

Fig. 7: Network Layer of 5G Wireless

4.4 OPEN TRANSPORT PROTOCOL

Transport layer + Session layer = OTP
 Wireless network differs from wired network regarding the transport layer.
 In all TCP versions the assumption is that lost segments are due to network
congestion.
 5G mobile terminals have transport layer that is possible to be downloaded
& installed which is based on Open Transport Protocol.
4.5 APPLICATION LAYER

Presentation layer + Application layer = Application layer (5G)

15
 Provides intelligent QoS (Quality of Service) management over variety of
networks.
 Provides possibility for service quality testing & storage of measurement
information in information database in the mobile terminal.
 Select the best wireless connection for given services.
 QoS parameters, such as, delay, losses, BW, reliability, will be stored in
DB (Database) of 5G mobile.

4.6 FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE

Below figure shows the system model that proposes design of network
architecture for 5G mobile systems, which is all-IP based model for wireless
and mobile networks inter operability. The system consists of a user terminal
(which has a crucial role in the new architecture) and a number of independent,
autonomous radio access technologies. Within each of the terminals, each of
the radio access technologies is seen as the IP link to the outside Internet
world. However, there should be different radio interface for each Radio
Access Technology (RAT) in the mobile terminal. For an example, if we want
to have access to four different RATs, we need to have four different access -
specific interfaces in the mobile terminal, and to have all of them active at the
same time, with aim to have this architecture to be functional applications and
servers somewhere on the Internet. Routing of packets should be carried out in
accordance with established policies of the user.

16
 Fig. 8: Functional Architecture of 5G

Application connections are realized between clients and servers in the Internet
via sockets. Internet sockets are endpoints for data communication flows. Each
socket of the web is a unified and unique combination of local IP address and
appropriate local transport communications port, target IP address and target
appropriate communication port, and type of transport protocol. Considering
that, the establishment of communication from end-to-end between the client
and server using the Internet protocol is necessary to raise the appropriate
Internet socket uniquely determined by the application of the client and the
server. This means that in case of interoperability between heterogeneous
networks and for the vertical handover between the respective radio
technologies, the local IP address and destination IP address should be fixed
and unchanged. Fixing of these two parameters should ensure handover
transparency to the Internet connection end-to-end, when there is a mobile user
at least on one end of such connection. In order to preserve the proper layout
of the packets and to reduce or prevent packets losses, routing to the target
destination and vice-versa should be uniquely and using the same path. Each
radio access technology that is available to the user in achieving connectivity
with the relevant radio access is presented with appropriate IP interface. Each

17
IP interface in the terminal is characterized by its IP address and net mask and
parameters associated with the routing of IP packets across the network.

Fig. 9: Protocol layout for the elements of the proposed architecture of 5G

In regular inter-system handover the change of access technology (i.e., vertical

handover) would mean changing the local IP address. Then, change of any of
the parameters of the socket means and change of the socket, that is, closing
the socket and opening a new one. This means, ending the connection and
starting a new one. This approach is not-flexible, and it is based on today’s
internet communication. In order to solve this deficiency we propose a new
level that will take care of the abstraction levels of network access
technologies to higher layers of the protocol stack. This layer is crucial in the
new architecture. To enable the functions of the applied transparency and
control or direct routing of packets through the most appropriate radio access
technology, in the proposed architecture we introduce a control system in the
functional architecture of the networks, which works in complete coordination
with the user terminal and provides a network abstraction functions and
routing of packets based on defined policies. At the same time this control

18
system is an essential element through which it can determine the quality of
service for each transmission technology. Protocol setup of the new levels
within the existing protocol stack, which form the proposed architecture, is
presented in Figure (Protocol Layout for the Elements of the Proposed
Architecture). The network abstraction level would be provided by creating IP
tunnels over IP interfaces obtained by connection to the terminal via the access
technologies available to the terminal (i.e., mobile user). In fact, the tunnels
would be established between the user terminal and control system named here
as Policy Router, which performs routing based on given policies. In this way
the client side will create an appropriate number of tunnels connected to the
number of radio access technologies, and the client will only set a local IP
address which will be formed with sockets Internet communication of client
applications with Internet servers. The way IP packets are routed through
tunnels, or choosing the right tunnel, would be served by policies whose rules
will be exchanged via the virtual network layer protocol. This way we achieve
the required abstraction of the network to the client applications at the mobile
terminal. The process of establishing a tunnel to the Policy Router, for routing
based on the policies, are carried out immediately after the establishment of IP
connectivity across the radio access technology, and it is initiated from the
mobile terminal Virtual Network-level Protocol. Establishing tunnel
connections as well as maintaining them represents basic functionality of the
virtual network level (or network level of abstraction).

19
 Chapter - 5
HARDWARE & SOFTWARE OF 5G

5.1 HARDWARE OF 5G

 It uses UWB (Ultra Wide Band) networks with higher bandwidths at low
energy levels.
 This BW is of 4000 Mbps, which is 400 times faster than today’s
wireless networks.
 It uses smart antenna either Switched Beam Antennas or Adaptive Array
Antennas.
 It uses CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access).

5.2 SOFTWARE OF 5G

 5G will be single unified standard of different wireless networks, including

LAN technologies, LAN/WAN, WWWW- World Wide Wireless Web,
unified IP & seamless combination of broadband.
 Software defined radio, Packet layer, Implementation of Packets,
Encryption, Flexibility, Anti-Virus.

20
 Chapter - 6
FEATURES, ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS

6.1 FEATURES

 5G technology offer high resolution for crazy cell phone user and
bidirectional large bandwidth shaping.
 The advanced billing interfaces of 5G technology makes it more attractive
and effective.
 5G technology also providing subscriber supervision tools for fast action.
 The high quality services of 5G technology based on Policy to avoid error.
 5G technology is providing large broadcasting of data in Gigabit which
support almost 65,000 connections.
 5G technology offer transporter class gateway with unparalleled
consistency.
 The traffic statistics by 5G technology makes it more accurate.
 Through remote management offered by 5G technology a user can get
better and fast solution.
 The remote diagnostics are also a great feature of 5G technology.
 The 5G technology is providing up to 25 Mbps connectivity speed.
 The 5G technology also support virtual private network.
 The new 5G technology will take all delivery service out of business
prospect.
 The uploading and downloading speed of 5G technology touching the
peak.
 The 5G technology network offering enhanced and available connectivity
just about the world.

6.2 ADVANTAGES

 5G provides data bandwidth of 1 Gbps or higher.

 5G is globally accessible.

21
 5G provides dynamic information access beneficial to domestic user.
 5G is available at low cost.
6.3 APPLICATIONS

 High Speed Mobile Network - 5G will revolutionize the mobile

experience with supercharged wireless network, which can support up to
10 to 20 GBPS of data download speed. 5G networks will enable secure
access to cloud storage; access of enterprise applications, run powerful
tasks with greater processing power virtually.
 Entertainment & Multimedia - 5G will offer a high definition virtual
world on your mobile phone. High speed streaming of 4K videos only
takes few seconds and it can support crystal clear audio clarity.
 Internet of Things - 5G is the most efficient candidate for Internet of
Things due to its flexibility, unused spectrum availability and low cost
solutions for deployment. IoT can benefit from 5G networks in many areas
like: Smart Home, Logistics & Shipping, Smart Cities, Smart Farming etc.
Chapter - 7
CONCLUSION

5G Wireless System is a complete wireless communication with almost no

limitation. It is a technology used in research papers and projects to denote the
next major phase of mobile telecommunication standards beyond 4G. The
implementation of standards under a 5G umbrella would likely be around the
year of 2020.
The 5th generation is envisaged to be a complete network for wireless mobile
internet, which has the capability to offer services for accommodating the
application potential requirements without suffering the quality. The ultimate
goal of 5G is to design a real wireless world, that is free from obstacles of the
earlier generations.
 We have proposed 5G wireless concept designed as an open platform on
different layers.

22
 A new revolution of 5G technology is going to give tough completion to
normal computer and laptops whose marketplace value will be effected.
 The new coming 5G technology is available in the market in affordable
rates, high peak future and much reliability than its preceding
technologies.
 This technology helps to promotes stronger links between people working
in different fields creating future concepts of mobile communication ,
internet services , cloud computing , all pie network , and nanotechnology.
Chapter - 8
REFERENCES

 https://oeclib.in/5gtechnology
 https:/techradar.com
 https://3g4g.co/4g
 https://digitaltrends/5g.com
 https://researchgate.net/5gtechnology
 https://sdxcentral.com/5GDefinitions
 https://medium.com/5g-architecture
 J.G. Andrews, S. Buzzi, “What will 5G be?”, IEEE Journal on
Communications, June 2016
 F. Boccardi, R. W. Heath, A. Lozano, “Five disruptive technology
directions for 5G,” IEEE Communications Magazine, February 2015
 Asif Saad, “5G Mobile Communications”, published by Taylor &
Francis Inc, May 2016

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 5G Technology
Bhumi Shah
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur
[email protected]

Abstract: 5G Technologies will change the way The 5th generation is envisaged to be a complete
most high-bandwidth users access their phones. network for wireless mobile internet, which has
With 5G pushed over a VOIP-enabled device, the capability to offer services for accommodating
people will experience a level of call volume the application potential requirements without
and data transmission never experienced before. suffering the quality. The ultimate goal of 5G is to
5G technology is offering the services in design a real wireless world, that is free from
Product Engineering, supporting electronic obstacles of the earlier generations.
transactions (e-Payments, e-transactions) etc. 5G technology will change the manner in
The 5g design is based on user-centric which cellular plans are offered worldwide. A new
mobile environment with many wireless and revolution is about to begin. The global cell phone
mobile technologies on the ground. In the is around the corner. The global mobile phone
proposed design the user terminal has possibility will hit the localities who can call and access from
to change the Radio Access Technology - RAT one country to another’s local phone with this
based on certain criteria. The selection of the new technology. The way in which people are
RAT is performed by the mobile terminal by communicating will altogether upgrade.
using the proposed user agent for multi-criteria 2. Evolution from 1G to 5G
decision making 2.1 1st Generation
1. Introduction First Generation wireless technology (1G) is the
5G Wireless System is a complete wireless original analog, voice-only cellular telephone
communication with almost no limitation. It is standard, developed in the 1980s. The prominent
a technology used in research papers and ones among 1G system were advanced mobile
projects to denote the next major phase of phone system (AMPS), Nordic mobile telephone
mobile telecommunication standards beyond (NMT), and total access communication system
4G. The implementation of standards under a (TACS).
5G umbrella would likely be around the year of 2.2 2nd Generation
2020. The Router and switch technology used in Second generation 2G cellular Telecom networks
5G network will provide high connectivity. The were commercially launched on the GSM
5G technology distributes internet access to standard in Finland in 1991. 2G network allows
nodes within the building and can be deployed for much greater penetration intensity. 2G
with union of wired/wireless network connection. technologies enabled the various mobile phone
networks to provide the services such as text wireless networks at the same time. The fixed
messages, picture messages and MMS (Multi- IPv6 will be implemented in the mobile phones.
Media Messages). The network layer is separated into two separate

1
 2.3 3rd Generation layers:- Lower network layer (for each interface)
The use of 3G technology enables transmission and Upper network layer (for the mobile
packet switch data efficiently at better and terminal).
increased bandwidth. 3G mobile technologies 3.3 Open Transport Protocol
proffers more advanced services to mobile Wireless network differs from wired network
users. The spectral efficiency of 3G technology regarding the transport layer. In all TCP versions
is better than that of 2G technologies. Spectral the assumption is that lost segments are due to
efficiency is the measurement of rate of network congestion.5G mobile terminals have
information transfer over any communication transport layer that is possible to be downloaded
system. 3G is also known as IMT-2000. & installed which is based on Open Transport
th
2.4 4 Generation Protocol. (Transport layer + Session layer = OTP)
The fourth generation (4G) is a framework that 3.4 Application Layer
provides a high speed wireless network that can Provides intelligent QoS (Quality of Service)
transmit multimedia and data to and interface management over variety of networks. Provides
with wire-line backbone network perfectly just possibility for service quality testing and storage
raised in 2002. The speeds of 4G is promised up of information in information database in the
to 100Mbps. mobile terminal. It selects the best wireless
th
2.5 5 Generation connection for given services. QoS parameters,
5G technologies which are on hand held phone such as, delay, losses, BW, reliability, will be
offering more power and features than at least stored in DB (Database) of 5G mobile.
1000 lunar modules. A user can also hook their (Presentation layer + Application layer =
5G technology cell phone with their Laptop to Application layer (5G))
get broadband internet access. 5G technology 3.5 Functional Architecture
including camera, MP3 recording, video player, The system consists of a user terminal and a
large phone memory, dialing speed, audio player number of independent, autonomous radio access
and much more you never imagine. technologies. Within each of the terminals, each
3. Architecture of 5G of the radio access technologies is seen as the IP
3.1 Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) link to the outside Internet world. However, there
OSI layer 1 i.e. Physical layer & OSI layer 2 i.e. should be different radio interface for each Radio
Data link layer define the wireless technology. Access Technology (RAT) in the mobile terminal.
For these two layers the 5G mobile network is Application connections are realized between
likely to be based on Open Wireless clients and servers in the Internet via sockets.
Architecture (Physical layer + Data link layer = Internet sockets are endpoints for data
OWA) communication flows. Each socket of the web is a
3.2 Network Layer unified and unique combination of local IP
All mobile networks will use mobile IP. A address and appropriate local transport
mobile can be attached to several mobiles or communications port, target IP address and target.
appropriate communication port, and type of
transport protocol. 6. Applications of 5G
In order to preserve the proper layout of the 5G will revolutionize the mobile experience with

2
packets and to reduce or prevent packets losses, supercharged wireless network, which can support
routing to the target destination and vice-versa up to 10 to 20 GBPS of data download speed.
should be uniquely and using the same path. 5G networks will enable secure access to
Each radio access technology that is available to cloud storage; access of enterprise applications,
the user in achieving connectivity with the run powerful tasks with greater processing power
relevant radio access is presented with virtually.
appropriate IP interface. Each IP interface in the 5G will offer a high definition virtual world
terminal is characterized by its IP address and on your mobile phone. High speed streaming of
net mask and parameters associated with the 4K videos only takes few seconds and it can
routing of IP packets across the network. support crystal clear audio clarity.
5G is the most efficient candidate for Internet
4. Hardware & Software of 5G of Things due to its flexibility, unused spectrum
4.1 Hardware of 5G availability and low cost solutions for
It uses UWB (Ultra Wide Band) networks with deployment.
higher bandwidths at low energy levels. This 7. Conclusion
Bandwidth is of about 4000 Mbps, which is The 5th generation is envisaged to be a complete
around 400 times faster than today’s networks. network for wireless mobile internet, which has
It uses smart antenna either Switched Beam the capability to offer services for accommodating
Antennas or Adaptive Array Antennas. It uses the application potential requirements without
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access). suffering the quality. The ultimate goal of 5G is to
4.2 Software of 5G design a real wireless world, that is free from
5G will be single unified standard of different obstacles of the earlier generations.
wireless networks, including LAN technologies, 8. References
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5G technology offers high resolution for crazy 7) https://medium.com/5g-architecture
cell phone user and bidirectional large 8) J.G. Andrews, S. Buzzi, “What will 5G be?”,
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transporter class gateway with unparalleled disruptive technology directions for 5G,” IEEE
consistency. Through remote management Communications Magazine, February 2015
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and fast solution. published by Taylor & Francis Inc., May 2016