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Descriptive Text Kapitan Pattimura

The document provides a descriptive text about Kapitan Pattimura, one of Indonesia's national heroes who fought against Dutch colonizers. It details his background, role in leading resistance against the Dutch, and military strategies employed before he was ultimately captured and executed in 1817 at age 34.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
3K views4 pages

Descriptive Text Kapitan Pattimura

The document provides a descriptive text about Kapitan Pattimura, one of Indonesia's national heroes who fought against Dutch colonizers. It details his background, role in leading resistance against the Dutch, and military strategies employed before he was ultimately captured and executed in 1817 at age 34.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT KAPITAN PATTIMURA

He is one of the national heroes who very persistently against the


Netherlands colonizers. Regarding the profile of Pattimura, he
named Thomas Matulessy also says his real name is Ahmad
Lussy, he was born in Hualoy, South of Seram, Maluku on June
8, 1783. He died in Ambon, Maluku, 16 December 1817 at the
age of 34 years. He was the son of Frans Matulesi with Fransina
Silahoi. As for the biography of Pattimura in the Government first
published, M Sapija wrote, “that the heroes of adhara Pattimura
derivative nobility and originated from Nusa Ina (Ceram). Father
named Antoni Mattulessy was the son of Kasimiliali of Pattimura
Mattulessy. The latter was the son of King Sahulau. Sahulau is
the name of the person in the country which is situated in a Bay in
Spooky South. “

From the history of Pattimura written M Sapija, the title of kapitan was the awarding of the
Netherlands. In fact it is not. According to historian Mansyur Suryanegara, the ancestor of
this nation, from the point of history and anthropology, is homo religiosa (creatures of Hindu
religious texts).

Their belief against something the power beyond the reach of reason their minds, give rise to
interpretations that are difficult to digest ratio. Therefore, the social behaviour of controlled
forces of nature that they to fear.

Their souls are United with the forces of nature, supernatural powers–special supernatural
powers which belonged to someone. Supernatural powers were later accepted as something
precious and sacred events. When he was attached to someone, then that person is a
symbol of their strength. He is a leader who is considered to have charisma.
It’s inherent properties and processes from generation to generation. Although they‘ve been
converted, but genealogical/genealogy/descendant is a derivative of the leader or kapitan.
From this actual term “kapitan“ inherent in the self begins. Pattimura
Before doing any resistance against the DUTCH he never had a career in the military as a
former Military Sergeant United Kingdom. The word “Maluku“ comes from the Arabic Al Mulk
or Al-Malik meaning land of the Kings. given the large number of kingdoms at the time
In 1816 United Kingdom party surrender to the Netherlands and then the Netherlands do the
political monopoly policy, taxes on land (landrente), the relocation of the residents as well as
cruise Hongi (Hongi Tochten), as well as ignoring the Treaty of London I among other things
in the article 11 contains provisions that the United Kingdom Resident in Ambon must first
negotiate the transfer koprs Ambon with Gubenur.

And the agreement also clearly indicated that if the Government of the United Kingdom
ended in Maluku the fallen soldier Ambon must be freed in terms of reserves the right to
choose to enter the new Government or military service out of military service, however in
this military service move his practice forced the return of colonial Netherlands in 1817 gets
hard challenge from the people.
This is because the condition of the political, economic, and societal relations are bad for two
centuries. The Maluku people finally rose up in arms under the command of Kapitan
Pattimura () Then at the time war broke out against the Netherlands colonizers of the year
1817
Kings Vizier, The Kapitan, Indigenous elders and people picked it up as a leader and warlord
because experienced and possess Knights (kabaressi). As a warlord, Kapitan Pattimura set
the strategy of war with the acolytes.

As a leader he successfully coordinating the Kings Vizier in carrying out the activities of the
Government, the people’s lead, set up education, providing food and build strongholds of
Defense. the chemistry in leadership is recognized by the Grand Vizier or commoner.
In the struggle against Netherlands, he also established a Union with the Kingdom of Ternate
and Tidore, Kings in Bali, Sulawesi and Java. Pattimura national war that a military force with
the Netherlands facing large and strong by sending its own Admiral Buykes, one of the
Commissioner-General to confront Patimura.

Great battles against the Netherlands Army on land and at sea, organised the Kapitan
Pattimura, assisted by the penglimanya, among others, Melchior Kesaulya, Anthoni Rebhok,
Philip Ulupaha and Latumahina. The battle that destroyed the troops of Netherlands was
recorded as the capture of the Castle Duurstede, Netherlands fighting on the beaches of
Waisisil and jasirah Hatawano, Ullath, Jasirah–Ouw Hitu island of Ambon and Seram South.
Pattimura war can only be stopped with divide lamb, Guile and scorched earth by the
Netherlands. Pattimura, together with the other fighter with her character finally can be
captured. Pattimura was arrested by the colonial Government of Netherlands in a house in
the regional series of Sorry. Pattimura then tried in the courts of the Netherlands Colonial
with accusations against the Government of the Netherlands.

Pattimura then sentenced

before his execution, hanging on the gallows, the Netherlands apparently continue to
persuade Pattimura in order to cooperate with the Government of Netherlands colonial, but
Pattimura refused. Pattimura then retired at the gallows on 16 December 1817 in front of Fort
Victoria in the town of Ambon.
For the service and sacrifice that, Kapitan Pattimura confirmed as “the hero of the
independence struggle“ by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia … … National Hero
Of Indonesia. The Almighty Godhead just and civilized Humanity unity of Indonesia, led by
Populist wisdom wisdom in independence representative consultative for the whole people of
indonesia.
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT KAPITAN PATTIMURA

Beliau merupakan salah satu pahlawan nasional yang sangat gigih melawan penjajah
Belanda. Mengenai profil Pattimura, Beliau memiliki nama asli Thomas Matulessy ada juga
yang mengatakan nama aslinya adalah Ahmad Lussy, beliau lahir di Hualoy, Seram Selatan,
Maluku pada tanggal 8 Juni 1783. Beliau meninggal di Ambon, Maluku, 16 Desember 1817
pada umur 34 tahun. Ia adalah putra Frans Matulesi dengan Fransina Silahoi. Adapun dalam
buku biografi Pattimura versi pemerintah yang pertama kali terbit, M Sapija menulis, “Bahwa
pahlawan Pattimura tergolong turunan bangsawan dan berasal dari Nusa Ina (Seram). Ayah
beliau yang bernama Antoni Mattulessy adalah anak dari Kasimiliali Pattimura Mattulessy.
Yang terakhir ini adalah putra raja Sahulau. Sahulau merupakan nama orang di negeri yang
terletak dalam sebuah teluk di Seram Selatan”.

Dari sejarah tentang Pattimura yang ditulis M Sapija, gelar kapitan adalah pemberian
Belanda. Padahal tidak. Menurut Sejarawan Mansyur Suryanegara, leluhur bangsa ini, dari
sudut sejarah dan antropologi, adalah homo religiosa (makhluk agamis).

Keyakinan mereka terhadap sesuatu kekuatan di luar jangkauan akal pikiran mereka,
menimbulkan tafsiran yang sulit dicerna rasio modern. Oleh sebab itu, tingkah laku sosialnya
dikendalikan kekuatan-kekuatan alam yang mereka takuti.

Jiwa mereka bersatu dengan kekuatan-kekuatan alam, kesaktian-kesaktian khusus yang


dimiliki seseorang. Kesaktian itu kemudian diterima sebagai sesuatu peristiwa yang mulia
dan suci. Bila ia melekat pada seseorang, maka orang itu adalah lambang dari kekuatan
mereka. Dia adalah pemimpin yang dianggap memiliki kharisma.

Sifat-sifat itu melekat dan berproses turun-temurun. Walaupun kemudian mereka sudah
memeluk agama, namun secara genealogis/silsilah/keturunan adalah turunan pemimpin atau
kapitan. Dari sinilah sebenarnya sebutan “kapitan” yang melekat pada diri Pattimura itu
bermula.

Sebelum melakukan perlawanan terhadap VOC ia pernah berkarier dalam militer sebagai
mantan sersan Militer Inggris. Kata “Maluku” berasal dari bahasa Arab Al Mulk atau Al Malik
yang berarti Tanah Raja-Raja. mengingat pada masa itu banyaknya kerajaan

Pada tahun 1816 pihak Inggris menyerahkan kekuasaannya kepada pihak Belanda dan
kemudian Belanda menetrapkan kebijakan politik monopoli, pajak atas tanah (landrente),
pemindahan penduduk serta pelayaran Hongi (Hongi Tochten), serta mengabaikan Traktat
London I antara lain dalam pasal 11 memuat ketentuan bahwa Residen Inggris di Ambon
harus merundingkan dahulu pemindahan koprs Ambon dengan Gubenur.

Dan dalam perjanjian tersebut juga dicantumkan dengan jelas bahwa jika pemerintahan
Inggris berakhir di Maluku maka para serdadu-serdadu Ambon harus dibebaskan dalam
artian berhak untuk memilih untuk memasuki dinas militer pemerintah baru atau keluar dari
dinas militer, akan tetapi dalam pratiknya pemindahn dinas militer ini dipaksakan
Kedatangan kembali kolonial Belanda pada tahun 1817 mendapat tantangan keras dari
rakyat.

Hal ini disebabkan karena kondisi politik, ekonomi, dan hubungan kemasyarakatan yang
buruk selama dua abad. Rakyat Maluku akhirnya bangkit mengangkat senjata di bawah
pimpinan Kapitan Pattimura Maka pada waktu pecah perang melawan penjajah Belanda
tahun 1817
Raja-raja Patih, Para Kapitan, Tua-tua Adat dan rakyat mengangkatnya sebagai pemimpin
dan panglima perang karena berpengalaman dan memiliki sifat-sfat kesatria (kabaressi).
Sebagai panglima perang, Kapitan Pattimura mengatur strategi perang bersama
pembantunya.

Sebagai pemimpin dia berhasil mengkoordinir Raja-raja Patih dalam melaksanakan kegiatan
pemerintahan, memimpin rakyat, mengatur pendidikan, menyediakan pangan dan
membangun benteng-benteng pertahanan. Kewibawaannya dalam kepemimpinan diakui
luas oleh para Raja Patih maupun rakyat biasa.

Dalam perjuangan menentang Belanda ia juga menggalang persatuan dengan kerajaan


Ternate dan Tidore, raja-raja di Bali, Sulawesi dan Jawa. Perang Pattimura yang berskala
nasional itu dihadapi Belanda dengan kekuatan militer yang besar dan kuat dengan
mengirimkan sendiri Laksamana Buykes, salah seorang Komisaris Jenderal untuk
menghadapi Patimura.

Pertempuran-pertempuran yang hebat melawan angkatan perang Belanda di darat dan di


laut dikoordinir Kapitan Pattimura yang dibantu oleh para penglimanya antara lain Melchior
Kesaulya, Anthoni Rebhok, Philip Latumahina dan Ulupaha. Pertempuran yang
menghancurkan pasukan Belanda tercatat seperti perebutan benteng Belanda Duurstede,
pertempuran di pantai Waisisil dan jasirah Hatawano, Ouw- Ullath, Jasirah Hitu di Pulau
Ambon dan Seram Selatan.

Perang Pattimura hanya dapat dihentikan dengan politik adu domba, tipu muslihat dan bumi
hangus oleh Belanda. Pattimura bersama para tokoh pejuang lain yang bersamanya
akhirnya dapat ditangkap. Pattimura ditangkap oleh pemerintah Kolonial Belanda di sebuah
Rumah di daerah Siri Sori. Pattimura kemudian diadili di Pengadilan Kolonial Belanda
dengan tuduhan melawan pemerintah Belanda.

Pattimura kemudian dijatuhi hukuman

gantung, sebelum eksekusinya di tiang gantungan, Belanda ternyata terus membujuk


Pattimura agar dapat bekerja sama dengan pemerintah kolonial Belanda, namun Pattimura
menolaknya. Pattimura kemudian mengakhiri pengabdiannya di tiang gantungan pada
tanggal 16 Desember 1817 di depan Benteng Victoria di kota Ambon.

Untuk jasa dan pengorbanannya itu, Kapitan Pattimura dikukuhkan sebagai “Pahlawan
Perjuangan Kemerdekaan” oleh pemerintah Republik Indonesia…… Pahlawan Nasional
Indonesia. Ketuhanan yang maha esa Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab Persatuan
Indonesia Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmah kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan
perwakilan kemerdekaan bagi seluruh rakyat indonesia.

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