WORKING

by Jill N. Lacey

A
ustralia. China. Kenya. France. Brazil. For many people, think-
ing about these distant lands conjures up images of speaking in
foreign tongues, eating exotic foods, and listening to music that
has a local flair. Different cultures have varied lifestyles that often seem
more exciting or glamorous than our own. Regardless of whether our
perceptions of other cultures are real, the allure of experiencing a new
culture firsthand entices people to go abroad.
Jill N. Lacey is an economist in the Division of Labor Force Statistics, BLS, (202) 691-5806.

2 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

ABROAD
Finding international internships and entry-level jobs

Increasingly, people seek international work to com- planning ahead can make working abroad personally and
pletely immerse themselves in the language and culture professionally rewarding.
of their host country. Working abroad can provide many This article describes some of the programs that help
benefits, such as improving foreign language skills, net- workers start careers in far-off places. It describes types
working with local employers, and developing flexibility of international work, including student internships and
and intercultural understanding. The skills learned abroad short-term work; U.S. Government work; teaching, agri-
can be used later on the job in the United States—and cultural, and au pair positions; and volunteer opportuni-
may give some workers an advantage over those who do ties. The article also includes tips on navigating a foreign
not have international experience. job search and preparing for and financing a trip abroad.
But before you pack your bags, there are some
issues to consider. You’ll need a passport, identifi-
cation, and money, of course; depending on where
you’re going, you might also need immunizations
and travel visas. In addition, most countries require
foreign workers to have a valid work visa, and the
process of obtaining a visa can be difficult and time
consuming.
If you want to add an international work experi-
ence to your resume, it’s never too early to begin
planning. Programs exist for people who are inter-
ested in a variety of careers—teaching, agriculture,
business, and foreign relations, to name just a few.
Many of these programs are open only to cur-
rent students or recent graduates and can require
a lengthy application process. You may also need
some time to locate a position on your own and to
save enough money to support yourself while work-
ing abroad. Carefully identifying a program and

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 3

 The benefits of working abroad lege that cemented her career goals. As an international
Glance through most recent headlines, and you’ll see that studies and business major, Green wanted to show that
globalization is a hot topic. The number of U.S. firms she could apply what she had learned. “Although I had
expanding abroad and the number of foreign companies been abroad before, I lacked international work experi-
operating in the United States have been growing. This ence,” she says. “With this experience, I expect to be able
global expansion of business is increasing the demand to get additional internships with international responsi-
for globally minded employees. bilities during my next 2 years of college and be above
As a result, knowledge of international business average in skill and experience when looking for a job
practices is becoming highly valued in job candidates. after graduation.”
Often, the best way to learn these practices is by working Even if a permanent international position is not your
abroad, even for a short time. goal, the skills you learn abroad can be applied to jobs
in the United States. Jon Hills hopes that his experience
Professional benefits teaching English and working for a translation company
Temporary work abroad can provide numerous benefits in Japan will help him find work in the Japanese finan-
for people who wish to land a permanent position in the cial industry. And that experience, in turn, will make
future. The Institute for International Education of Stu- him more marketable as a financial analyst in the United
dents surveyed alumni from its study abroad programs. States. “Having a job overseas equivalent to one I would
According to those survey results, students were more hold in the States is a worthwhile experience that will
likely to enter an international career if they had complet- give me a huge advantage in the U.S. job market,” says
ed an internship while abroad. Studying in a non-Eng- Hills.
lish-speaking country and developing local professional
contacts also increased their chances of finding interna- Personal benefits
tional work in the future. In addition to professional advantages, there are personal
Working—rather than just studying—abroad helps benefits gained by working abroad. Having a temporary
students apply what they have learned in the classroom job abroad allows you time to explore different career
to the real world, boosting their qualifications and chanc- options or to gain new experiences. Some people decide
es of landing a permanent position. Kristy Green studied to work abroad between college and graduate school or
in Spain during her senior year of high school, but it was before beginning a new job. They hope to learn more
her internship with a Spanish political party during col- about themselves and what types of careers they want or
to rest and reflect before beginning a new phase in
their lives.
Experiencing other cultures is an attraction for
most people who decide to work abroad. Living in
a new culture provides different perspectives and
helps increase the understanding of others. And
some see in international work a chance to share
with others who do not have the high standard of
living enjoyed in the United States.

A world of work:
Options for international jobs
The first step to working abroad is to identify
programs that match your interests. Programs
can differ in their location, the assistance they
offer, their costs, and more. So, it is important to
research each program thoroughly before making
substantial time and financial commitments.

4 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

 When exploring programs, consider the follow-
ing criteria:
• Professional focus. There are programs that
provide opportunities in nearly all professional
disciplines. These programs can provide insight
into what it’s really like to work in certain
career fields.
• Location of program. Programs exist in
countries on every continent. A program’s loca-
tion can affect your satisfaction with your expe-
rience. Usually, people choose locations based
on which languages they wish to learn or which
countries they wish to visit. Other consider-
ations include the country’s standard of living
and climate and whether the job is located in a
big city or a small village.
• Degree of cultural immersion. Exposure
to local culture also varies among programs.
Overseas interns who work for the U.S. Government abroad internships for college credit grew by 44 percent
usually work in embassies, mostly interacting with between 1999-2000 and 2003-04. Pursuing these intern-
American workers; in contrast, au pairs live with lo- ships or other international work can be a first step to
cal families and interact mostly with residents of the starting an international career.
host country. International internships are available in almost any
• Degree of pre-trip job placement. Some pro- industry and with any type of employer. Internships can
grams only issue work visas and provide minimal be paid or unpaid, depending on the industry and type of
assistance for locating employment and housing. visa issued, and vary in length from 1 summer to 1 year.
In these programs, you are responsible for finding Organizations that partner with foreign governments
your own job and accommodations. Other programs grant temporary work visas to American citizens. Work
arrange specific jobs and housing, based on your visas usually are also available through foreign embassies
interests and needs. if people have arranged an internship beforehand with
• Duration of program. Programs vary in length, an international employer. But because organizations are
from several weeks to several years. familiar with the visa application process, working with
When narrowing your list of programs, learn about them can save time and frustration.
the qualifications required. Most programs have age The three main options for short-term international
or other restrictions. Others may have coursework or work are study abroad internships, internship placement
professional requirements. Some programs also require a organizations, and student work-visa programs.
specific level of language proficiency. Nearly all require a Study abroad internships. An increasing number of
formal application, often due months in advance. For a study abroad programs offer internships as part of their
list of specific work programs and their contact informa- course offerings. Although these internships are usually
tion, see pages 19-23. unpaid, interns receive academic credit. For the dura-
tion of the internship, participants usually meet with an
Private-sector internships and internship coordinator or mentor to discuss their work
other short-term work and progress.
As the world becomes more integrated, the number of Study abroad internships are available in many
students choosing to intern abroad is growing. According academic areas of interest and may be the easiest way
to the Institute of International Education’s 2005 Open to find work in the more competitive areas such as the
Doors Survey, the number of students completing study arts, journalism, and marketing. Sometimes, applicants

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 5

for study abroad internships must have a minimum grade ple who have the initiative to find their own internships or
point average. for those who want to earn some spending money while
Usually, study abroad programs have well-estab- they are traveling abroad. As is the case in the United
lished contacts with local employers and access to intern- States, there are many opportunities abroad for college-
ships that are unavailable to general applicants. Prior to aged students willing to work in service jobs, such as in
arrival in the country, the program tries to match the ap- restaurants, resorts, or retail stores.
plicant with a local employer. Once in the country, most Temporary work visas for U.S. citizens are issued
applicants interview for their potential internship before only by a handful of countries, albeit some of the more
starting work. popular destinations. The duration of the visa varies by
Students should check with the study abroad office of country. For example, temporary visas are offered by
their college or university to find out if they can receive Australia (4-month visa), Canada (5-month visa), Ire-
academic credit for participating in a given study abroad land (4-month visa), New Zealand (12-month visa), and
program. the United Kingdom (6-month visa). In most cases, it is
Usually, there is no separate application or participa- possible to obtain visas for both Ireland and the United
tion fee for a program’s internships. Kingdom, or Australia and New Zealand, to maximize
Internship placement organizations. Numerous time spent working abroad.
nonprofit organizations match college students or recent Temporary visas allow you to work in any paid
graduates with an international internship in their field of job—except one in professional sports or entertain-
study. Most internships are for a semester or a year; some ment—in the country of issuance for the duration of
are paid. the visa. Visa holders are able to change jobs as many
Even though these internships are not formal study times as they wish before the visa expires. Generally,
abroad programs, some U.S. colleges and universities applicants must be U.S. citizens or permanent residents
grant academic credit upon completion. aged 18 to 30. Canada, Ireland, and the United Kingdom
Some placement organizations specialize in intern- also require applicants to be full-time college students or
ships for particular career fields—engineering, business, recent graduates who obtained their degree less than one
or the sciences, for example. Most placement organiza- semester prior to obtaining the visa. Contact a country’s
tions also secure student work visas, even if the applicant embassy to learn more about work-visa requirements.
did not find an internship through them.
Internship placement organizations usually charge a U.S. Government foreign affairs positions
fee for their services. An internship or permanent position with the U.S. Gov-
Student work-visa programs. Many students find ernment might be ideal for those who have an interest in
their own internships or jobs rather than going through a foreign affairs or international economics and business.
school or internship program, and part of that process is The Foreign Service Act of 1980 designated four official
getting permission to work. Employers can often spon- foreign affairs offices within the U.S. Government: the
sor work visas if they can prove that you have knowledge Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), the U.S. Agency for
and skills that local workers don’t. Finding an employer International Development (USAID), the U.S. Depart-
willing to put forth the effort to sponsor you takes pa- ment of State, and the U.S. and Foreign Commercial
tience and perseverance, especially if you do not have Service (USFCS).
previous international work experience. These agencies promote U.S. diplomatic and com-
But in some countries, you don’t need a prearranged mercial interests abroad and participate in international
internship to apply for a temporary work visa and to negotiations. All four agencies offer internships and
move abroad. A few organizations specialize in arrang- permanent positions abroad for qualified U.S. citizens.
ing for work visas, leaving students on their own to find The agencies also offer domestic internships in Washing-
employment and housing; some of these agencies also ton, D.C., which can provide valuable insight into foreign
offer help with the initial job search. service work.
Students may choose to find employment once they Foreign Agricultural Service. The FAS is the inter-
arrive in their host country. This is a good option for peo- national agency within the U.S. Department of Agricul-

6 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

ture. This agency administers programs that are designed Unlike student internships in the State Depart-
to build new markets and improve the competitive posi- ment and the Commercial Service, these positions
tion of U.S. agriculture in the global marketplace and to are paid. Interns often complete office tasks in addi-
improve food security worldwide. tion to researching and writing reports and compiling
The FAS employs agricultural economists and mar- foreign agricultural intelligence.
keting specialists in more than 90 countries. Internships • Career Intern Program. This program is for
are available for both college students and entry-level entry-level professionals. The internships last 2 years
professionals. and include four rotational assignments in Wash-
• International Agricultural Internship Program. ington, D.C. Applicants should have a degree in a
This program is for senior-level undergraduates or relevant field, such as agricultural economics; some
for graduate students in business, economics, interna- work experience; leadership ability; and advanced
tional relations, law, or science-related fields. Rele- communication skills.
vant work experience and foreign language skills can After completing the internship, career interns are
make applicants more competitive. Interns complete eligible for a full-time position in the FAS, and the 2-year
summer or semester internships in U.S. embassies D.C. internship qualifies them for foreign postings be-
abroad. The list of available countries changes every cause it counts toward the 18 months of experience that
year. employees must have to go abroad.
U.S. Agency for International Development. USAID
provides economic development and humanitarian
assistance to other nations. Examples of USAID
assistance include promoting democracy,
aiding in recovery from natural disasters,
combating diseases and other health
concerns, cleaning up the environment,
and helping entrepreneurs establish
small businesses. Most of the posi-
tions are in developing nations in
Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Europe,
Eurasia, and Latin America. Most
international assignments are for sev-
eral years, depending on the agency’s
needs.
USAID offers two programs for
entry-level professionals: the Interna-
tional Development Intern program
and the New Entry Professional
program. The intern program recruits
recent college graduates; the profes-
sional program requires experience
in development work, either abroad
or in economically underserved U.S.
communities. Both programs recruit
people with backgrounds in financial
management, economic development,
contracting, or crisis, stabilization,
and governance.
Prior to working in their first

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 7

foreign post, program graduates train for 6 to 24 months office tasks. Most interns are not paid, although paid
in Washington, D.C. internships are available for applicants who can dem-
U.S. Department of State. As the main foreign affairs onstrate financial need. Many embassies also provide
agency of the U.S. Government, the State Department interns with free or subsidized housing during the in-
performs many functions. Major duties include develop- ternship. Students may also receive academic credit.
ing U.S. foreign policy, negotiating treaties with other Internship placements are based on an embassy’s
countries, providing foreign aid and assistance, issuing personnel needs, so opportunities in a particular
visas to foreign citizens who wish to come to the United country may not always be available. Applicants
States, and protecting U.S. citizens traveling abroad. can indicate their countries of interest and apply for
The State Department operates embassies in more internships in two different bureaus within the State
Department in any given year. Only seven bureaus
offer international placements, so applicants should
carefully consider expressing a preference.
Applicants must be able to obtain a secret or top
secret security clearance prior to their internship.
Some applicants may also need to submit to
random drug tests.
The State Department accepts interns
from many different areas of study. Profi-
ciency in the local language is not neces-
sary, but it can give an applicant an edge in
the selection process.
• U.S. Foreign Service officers. People
who want a permanent position in foreign
affairs might seek to become a Foreign Ser-
vice officer. Foreign Service officers gener-
ally work as diplomats in U.S. embassies
and U.S. consulates abroad. They pursue
one of five career tracks: management affairs,
consular affairs, economic affairs, political affairs,
or public diplomacy. All five options are available to
applicants with any academic background.
Whatever their career, Foreign Service officers
spend the first 2 or 3 years working as a consular
officer, which usually involves conducting U.S. visa
than 180 countries and offers a variety of career tracks interviews of foreign citizens. Officers then move to
for college students and recent graduates from almost all positions in their chosen track.
educational disciplines, not just international studies or Many U.S. embassies are located in developing
foreign affairs. International assignments are available for countries and are labeled hardship posts. Officers can
student interns and for two types of full-time workers. expect to serve in one or more hardship posts during
• Student internships. Undergraduate and graduate their first few assignments. Housing is provided by
students are eligible to apply for summer or semester the embassy or consulate.
internships in a U.S. embassy abroad. Interns help To become a Foreign Service officer, applicants
support the diplomatic missions of the embassies by must pass the Foreign Service written exam, which
researching topics, writing reports and briefs, helping is offered every April. U.S. citizens aged 20 to 59 are
to maintain Web sites, organizing embassy activities, eligible to take the exam. Applicants who pass the
arranging travel for U.S. diplomats, and performing written exam move on to an oral assessment. Those

8 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

 who pass the oral assessment undergo a
background investigation, a medical exam,
and a final review for suitability. The names
of successful candidates are placed on a rank-
ordered register. Those who have proficiency
in a foreign language receive additional
points, which may raise their standing on the
register. However, applicants are not required
to be proficient in a foreign language, and
language training is provided prior to a foreign
assignment. As vacancies arise, those on the
register are offered positions. Most of these
workers can expect to attain tenure status
within 5 years.
Candidates must be willing to accept a posi-
tion anywhere in the world.
• U.S. Foreign Service specialists. Foreign Ser-
vice specialists support the work of U.S. embassies
and consulates but do not need to take the Foreign
Service written exam. These specialists include need at least 2 years of qualifying experience in devel-
healthcare practitioners and technicians, information oping authoritative international market analyses, trade
technology specialists, human resources personnel, promotion activities, or trade and marketing strategies
security personnel, and office and facilities managers. used by U.S. companies. Like State Department Foreign
Like officers, specialists must pass an oral assess- Service officers, Foreign Commercial Service officers
ment, a background investigation, a medical exam, must pass exams, an interview, a background check, and
and a final review for suitability before their names a medical exam before being placed on a ranked register.
are placed on a register. Officers usually work in U.S. embassies and consulates
U.S. and Foreign Commercial Service. The USFCS and rotate assignments every 2 to 4 years.
is an agency within the International Trade Administra-
tion of the U.S. Department of Commerce. The USFCS Teaching English as a foreign language
promotes and protects U.S. businesses abroad. It helps Teaching English abroad is one of the main avenues to
U.S. businesses to decide where to export their goods, to finding an international position. Demand for teachers is
develop export strategies, and to locate export financing strongest in the emerging markets of Asia, Latin America,
and foreign business partners. The USFCS also develops and Eastern Europe, but opportunities exist in most coun-
U.S. trade policy, negotiates trade pacts with other coun- tries. Teaching positions exist in the elementary-school
tries, and represents U.S. commercial interests during through university levels and can be either part time or
international trade negotiations. full time.
Internships with the USFCS are available in numer- Like instructors anywhere, English teachers work-
ous countries. Interns usually work in the commercial ing abroad are responsible for developing lesson plans,
section of U.S. embassies. These internships are similar instructing multiple classes, and evaluating students.
to State Department internships in their job duties, dura- Most positions have either semester or annual contracts.
tion, and application requirements. However, applicants Pay depends on experience, although the salary usually
for USFCS internships have usually studied economics or covers little more than living expenses. Some employ-
business administration. They apply directly to the Com- ment programs might also provide a housing stipend and
mercial Service office located in a specific country. end-of-contract airfare back to the United States.
The USFCS also employs Commercial Service Offi- For most jobs, a U.S. teaching license or teaching
cers, although these positions require experience. Officers experience is not usually required. Most positions also do

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 9

not require teachers to have knowledge of the local
language. In fact, most teachers study the local
language on their own while teaching English.
The minimum requirements often include
expert-level fluency in English and a bachelor’s
degree in any subject. Positions in colleges and
universities might require a master’s degree in
teaching or linguistics.
Most employers also require completion of a
Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL)
certification prior to beginning the assignment.
Certification courses educate participants on
the most effective methods of teaching English.
Courses often include practical teaching experi-
ence in classrooms. Courses are taught online
and in U.S. community colleges, universities, and
private language schools. The quality of certifica-
tion programs can vary, so investigate any program
before you start. Some employers also accept or
require other foreign language teaching creden-
tials, such as Teaching of English to Speakers of
Other Languages (TESOL) certificates.
Some international employment programs
offer certification courses to their participants and
include the cost in program fees. Programs also
frequently provide a 2- to 3-week orientation in the host
country to help participants assimilate into the country to cover the cost of predeparture assistance, orientation
and learn the basics of teaching. materials, and support from local contacts. Sometimes,
English teaching positions abroad are available fees also cover airfare, housing, and health insurance.
with programs sponsored by foreign governments, with Private language schools. One way to find an
nonprofit teaching organizations, and in private language English teaching position abroad is to apply directly to
schools. language schools. Schools often have recruiting offices in
Government-sponsored programs. A few foreign the United States or use U.S.-based placement agencies
governments sponsor programs for citizens of English- to fill positions. Because requirements at private language
speaking countries to teach in their country. Participants schools are rigorous, these schools prefer to hire people
usually need some knowledge of the local language and who already have some experience teaching English.
some interest in the host country. Compared with pro- Many job openings for teaching positions in private lan-
grams sponsored by nonprofits, government programs are guage schools are advertised online.
more competitive. Generally, there is no application or
program fee, and teaching contracts are for 1 year. Opportunities for licensed teachers
Nonprofit organizations. Numerous organizations Opportunities abound for qualified teachers to work
place teachers in positions abroad. These placements abroad. Teaching positions abroad, and their qualifica-
usually do not require teachers to have previous experi- tion requirements, are similar to those for equivalent U.S.
ence. Positions are usually for a summer, for a semester, teaching slots. To obtain these international teaching
or for a year. Some placement organizations are country- positions, applicants usually need a valid U.S. teaching
specific; others place teachers in a variety of countries. license and several years of teaching experience. Teach-
Many placement organizations charge program fees ing contracts are usually full time and last 1 to 2 years.

10 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

 Teachers of all subjects and grade levels can find in- and refer the best qualified ones to schools. Some in-
ternational opportunities. The four main sources of inter- ternational schools recruit directly at U.S. job fairs for
national work for experienced teachers are the Fulbright teachers.
Teacher Exchange Program, nonprofit organizations, U.S. Department of Defense schools. The Depart-
private international schools, and the U.S. Department of ment of Defense Education Activity operates primary and
Defense schools. secondary schools for the dependents of military person-
Fulbright Teacher Exchange Program. This ex- nel stationed throughout the world. Currently, there are
change program, administered by the U.S. Department of schools in 13 countries and the U.S. territories of Guam
State, allows a one-for-one exchange between an Ameri- and Puerto Rico.
can and a foreign teacher. The two teachers are partnered Most teachers receive housing on the military bases
by subject area and level of instruction. They each teach or stipends for local accommodations. Because teach-
for 1 year in the partner’s school. Teachers also usually ers instruct American students on the bases, contact with
swap housing or assist their partner in locating alternative locals might be limited. Applicants for these jobs are not
housing. The teachers’ home school districts continue to usually required to have skill in a foreign language.
pay their salary and benefits.
The program is open to all educators—including Agricultural exchange programs
special education teachers, administrators, school coun- For young adults interested in an agriculture career, a for-
selors, and librarians—who have at least 3 years of eign agricultural exchange program can give perspective
teaching experience. However, opportunities in various on agricultural methods used in other countries. Programs
subjects are not always available in every participating are available in numerous disciplines, including animal,
country. Every year, about 30 countries take part in the dairy, and crop farming; horticulture; turf management;
exchange, with country participants changing every year. equine studies; and enology.
Nonprofit organizations. Some nonprofit organiza- Typical duties of agricultural exchange participants
tions recruit qualified teachers of all subjects and grade include planting and harvesting crops, operating machin-
levels for placement throughout the world. In addition, ery, fertilizing crops, identifying and eradicating diseases
some nonprofits recruit and place education adminis-
trators and university professors. Along with teaching
classes, participants may help develop a new curricu-
lum for the school or train local teachers in their
area of expertise.
Private international schools. These are
English-speaking schools that instruct the
children of diplomats, missionaries,
foreign-aid workers, businesspeople, and
other expatriates. Because there are Ameri-
can expatriates all over the world, oppor-
tunities to teach in these schools exist in
almost every country. Compensation usually
includes housing and moving expenses.
Competition for openings in these
schools can be intense. Most positions
require some international experience,
knowledge of a foreign language, and at
least 2 years of teaching experience. Job-
seekers often go through recruiting agen-
cies that place teachers in foreign countries.
These agencies usually screen applicants

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 11

and pests, performing basic veterinary duties, training expenses. Au pairs usually receive 1 or 2 days off per
and grooming animals, and marketing and selling farm week, in addition to national holidays.
products. Most au pairs must be between the ages of 18 and
Most agricultural exchange programs are in Austra- 30 to qualify for placement. Most also need experience
lia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, and Western Europe supervising children; this experience may come from
and last from 4 months to a year or more. In some cases, working as a babysitter, a sports coach, a lifeguard, or a
participants might be able to extend their experience camp counselor. Some agencies also perform background
abroad by working in two countries. Participants usually checks on applicants and require applicants to have an
live with their host families on their farms or near the international driver’s license.
vineyard, greenhouse, or orchard in which they work. If Au pairs usually find employment through a repu-
participants do not live with the host family, they are pro- table placement agency. The International Au Pair As-
vided an allowance for housing. Most participants also sociation accredits agencies that maintain strict screen-
receive a small stipend for their work and receive time off ing processes for both au pairs and host families. These
for holidays. agencies provide detailed work contracts that outline the
For most programs, applicants must be between the compensation, duration of the assignment, number of
ages of 18 and 30 and have previous work experience in work hours expected, and number of days off per week.
agriculture. Reputable agencies also offer to place the au pair
A few nonprofit exchange programs arrange place- with a new family if the first placement does not work
ments, for a fee. These programs also arrange for work out. Agencies will also arrange work visas, assist with
visas, transportation, and orientation materials.

Au pair placement programs

Many young men and women choose
to work abroad as au pairs. Au pairs
work in private homes, providing
childcare and performing basic
housework. Most au pair oppor-
tunities are in Europe and South
America. Employment contracts
can last from a few months to a
few years.
Because au pairs live with a
host family and communicate mainly
in the local language, this is among the
best ways to become fluent in another language.
Working as an au pair can also be a valuable
experience for those who plan to have a career in
childcare, teaching, counseling, or psychology.
Au pairs provide live-in childcare to their host
families and can be responsible for directing children’s
activities, taking them to and from school, assisting with
their homework, and teaching them English. Au pairs
usually perform household duties associated with the
children, such as cooking their meals and doing their
laundry.
In exchange, host families provide au pairs with
room and board and a small stipend to cover personal

12 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

transportation, and provide orientation materials about vary in both duration and the amount of time spent volun-
the host country. Most agencies charge a registration fee teering. Several of the world’s largest nonprofit organi-
for finding placements. zations allow volunteers to participate in international
Experts caution against au pairs placing their own projects.
advertisements or answering employment ads not placed Work camps. These camps consist of between 15 and
by reputable agencies. Without proper screening of fami- 20 volunteers, mostly students, who work primarily dur-
lies, it can be difficult to know the quality of the working ing the summer on construction or social-work projects.
environment before you arrive. And once in the country, Some work camps are established through religious-
it can be difficult to find other employment or to get out based organizations.
of an undesirable situation.
Finding—and landing—far-off jobs
International volunteer opportunities A formal application is required for most of the positions
Volunteer opportunities can provide useful work-related described in this article. For student internships and vol-
skills, such as leadership. Many of these opportunities unteer programs, this application is often like a college
are in developing nations throughout the world. Volun- one. Students might be required to submit transcripts,
teering abroad provides especially useful experience for essays, recommendations, an application fee, and a
future teachers, social workers, healthcare personnel, and resume or its foreign equivalent, the curriculum vitae.
construction trade workers. Volunteer projects that relate Finding your own work, rather than applying to a
to a course of study may be awarded academic credit by program, can add extra adventure to a trip abroad. But it
the student’s college or university. takes cultural savvy to locate openings, write job applica-
Like other opportunities abroad, volunteering abroad tions, and interview for positions in another country.
can also provide personal benefits. Many of these pro-
grams are only a few weeks long, allowing participants Searching for jobs on your own
to gauge their willingness to stay abroad longer. Most As mentioned previously, you will need a visa before
volunteer programs last a few weeks or months during starting work abroad. Where available, temporary student
the summer. Others last for a semester, a year, or more work visas allow you to accept paid work during a speci-
than a year. fied time. Or specific employers can apply for a visa for
Almost all volunteer programs include housing you, if you arrange for that beforehand.
and meals. But because many organizations operate on Finding your own internship allows you to focus on
limited budgets, some require international volunteers to industries and employers of your choice, which could be
cover the costs of participating abroad. rewarding for your future career. However, finding your
Volunteers can participate in opportunities abroad own employment can be time consuming.
through agencies or groups such as the Peace Corps, Starting the job search before you go abroad, instead
placement organizations, and those that arrange for par- of waiting until you are there, has several benefits. For
ticipation in projects on vacations or in work camps. one thing, the search can be more focused and thorough.
Peace Corps. Peace Corps volunteers spend 2 years For another, you will be able to spend more time actually
abroad in a developing country. Most work in the areas working when you arrive in your host country. And wait-
of healthcare, education, and business. (Detailed infor- ing until landing abroad to find a job can drain your bank
mation about the Peace Corps is available in a fall 2000 account as you live off savings until securing your first
Quarterly article, “Job Corps, AmeriCorps, and Peace job—and that first paycheck.
Corps: An overview,” online at www.bls.gov/opub/ Some aspects of finding a job abroad are similar
ooq/2000/Fall/art03.pdf.) to finding one in the United States. Begin by locating
Volunteer placement organizations. These organiza- interesting positions; then, apply. Locate open positions
tions arrange personalized volunteer placements based on using some or all of the following sources: employment
the volunteers’ interests and levels of experience. agencies, networking, and online job postings.
Volunteer vacations. These vacations combine Employment agencies. Employment agencies are a
volunteer projects with sightseeing excursions. Vacations good source of job openings because most of them have

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 13

connections to employers. In some countries, agencies Online job postings. Many international newspapers
are the main portal to finding employment, especially for provide online job listings in their city. Most online job
entry-level positions. banks also include international job listings.
Some agencies specialize in particular industries or
skill levels; others place workers in a variety of positions. Writing a curriculum vitae
Agencies try to match employees with potential employ- If you are applying for international jobs, you may need
ers based on the participant’s job interests, skills, and to submit a curriculum vitae (CV) instead of a resume. A
education. CV is similar to a resume in that it outlines your profes-
Chris Young discovered the benefits of using an sional qualifications and history, but it does so with more
employment agency when he was looking for jobs in detail. You can turn an updated resume into a CV by add-
London. He posted his resume on some U.K. job sites ing some information and expanding the descriptions of
but did not get any replies. But then, some local employ- your educational and professional experiences.
ment agencies located his resume online and contacted Generally, entry-level resumes are one page or less
him about their services. “Once I found out that agencies in length; CVs are usually two pages. A CV begins with
were the main way people found jobs, I registered with a list of your contact information, followed by a personal
three agencies,” he says, “and within a week, I had two information section, which usually includes your date
interviews.” Young had one or two interviews each week and place of birth, country of citizenship, visa status, sex,
for about 2 months before accepting a position. marital status, and number of dependents. Also included
Most employment agencies have Web sites. Many in a CV is a section on personal activities and interests,
also list their services in local newspapers and in online information that usually is not included on a U.S. resume
resume banks. Registering with multiple agencies might unless it specifically relates to your career.
increase your chances of finding a job. CVs also include a personal introduction section
The agency should work hard to find you a suitable
position. At a minimum, an agency representative should
remember your name and career objectives every time
you interact with him or her. If the agency does not meet
your expectations, do not hesitate to find another one.
Some agencies might charge a placement fee for their
services.
Networking. In addition to family members
and friends who might have international con-
nections, your college’s study abroad office
might have lists of open positions or of
alumni and former interns who could
put you in touch with potential em-
ployers. Professors also might have
connections abroad.
After you arrive in your host
country, you will discover that many
large cities have networking groups
for Americans. If you share an apart-
ment with local residents, you may
also be able to ask them to provide
job leads. The offices for most visa
programs also provide employment
listings.

14 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

summarizing key skills and expe-
riences related to the job. When
applying for jobs prior to depar-
ture abroad, be sure to mention
the work visa you will hold;
also, tell employers the date you
will arrive and the date you will
be able to begin work.
The next two sections of
a CV describe education and
job experience. The job experi-
ence section usually lists each job’s
employer, key projects, and outcomes.
CVs show this information in para-
graph format, which differs from the
bulleted points on a resume that highlight
responsibilities and outcomes.
CVs also should include sections for your
honors, awards, and achievements; research,
publications, and presentations; and technical and lan- rants. It is also advisable to have on hand written refer-
guage skills, along with levels of proficiency. Although ences from former bosses, coworkers, or professors that
a resume might include some of this information if it is positively attest to your qualifications and work ethic.
related to the job, a CV includes details for each of your On other matters of etiquette, some common U.S.
awards, publications, and projects. Also, CVs usually list interview practices are not followed in other countries.
your references and their contact information. For example, directly looking your interviewer in the eye
In some countries, preferences determine which or following up with a telephone call or a thank-you note
information is included in which order on the CV, so might be seen as too aggressive in some cultures. Before
research your prospective host country’s preferences in interviewing for any jobs in another country, research the
one of the many published guides available. Some em- prospective host country’s cultural and business practices
ployers might also ask you to translate your CV into the so you can make a good first impression. Books and on-
local language. line guides about cultural differences can help.
Finally, most employers expect a CV to be accom-
panied by a cover letter, commonly referred to outside Next steps
the United States as a “letter of interest” or a “motivation After you find a job, you will need to consider the prac-
letter.” The information in these letters is similar to what ticalities of preparing for a trip abroad and of finding a
you would send a U.S. employer in a cover letter. way to pay for it.

Interviewing Getting ready to go

As with most jobs, you will usually need to interview for When you accept an organization’s work placement,
the international positions you seek. Depending on the you usually need to pay part or all of the program fee
country and type of job, the interview might be conduct- to hold your place in the program. Program fees vary
ed in the local language. by organization. But before you send a check, be sure
Prepare for the interview just as you would for an to thoroughly research the organization’s cancellation
interview in the United States: Research the organization, and refund policies in case you are unable to participate.
know your strengths, and express why you want the job. Some organizations return the entire fee; others offer
Arrive on time and dress professionally for all interviews, partial refunds. The refund amount might decline as
even for service-related positions, such as those in restau- your departure date draws nearer.

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 15

 If you are arranging your own flight, make sure your research the cost of living in the places that interest you.
visa has been issued before purchasing a plane ticket in Then, save accordingly. Most programs give you an
order to avoid flight cancellation or change fees. estimate of how much money you should take with you.
Most programs also require proof of health insur- Some programs even require that you take a minimum
ance that includes coverage for medical evacuation to amount to cover expenses. For example, the British Uni-
the United States, if necessary. If you do not have suit- versities of North America work-visa program requires
able insurance, the program may require you to purchase participants to bring a minimum of $2,000 to work in the
its policy before going abroad. United Kingdom.
Vaccinations may be required before you go abroad, Some programs require participants to pay fees of
especially if you are going to a developing country. several thousand dollars. What these fees cover varies by
Vaccines usually are administered 4 to 6 weeks before program. A portion of the program fees paid to nonprofit
departure. organizations is tax deductible.
If housing is not provided, it is a good idea to arrange If you are participating in an internship that is part
a place to stay for at least the first few nights before you of a study abroad program, you might be able to apply
depart. This will ensure you have a roof over your head scholarships and financial aid toward your experience.
while you acclimate to your new surroundings and look Check with your school’s financial aid office for eligibil-
for a permanent residence. ity rules.
Other sources of scholarship or alternative funding
Finding the funds may be available. For example, community and religious
Working abroad can be an expensive venture, even if you organizations might provide scholarships or grants to
find a paying job. Most programs advise that you choose students going abroad. Some of these funds are targeted
to go abroad for the experience, rather than for earning toward students studying a particular subject or language
money to save. Salaries for entry-level workers are often or in a particular country. Local chambers of commerce
just enough to cover living expenses. often list organizations that offer funding.
In many countries, employers usually pay salaries Finally, for those interested in teaching or volunteer-
only once a month, so you need to plan ahead. A rule of ing abroad, especially in developing nations, fundraising
thumb is to make sure you have enough money to cover may be a viable option. People might contribute toward
your living expenses for several months. your participation fees if they believe you will provide a
As part of your preparations for going abroad, needed service.

16 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

 Would they work abroad again? In addition to the programs listed in the directory
The best source of advice on what it’s really like to work on pages 19-23, the following organizations can provide
abroad is other Americans who have done it. Consider information on where to find jobs, internships, and volun-
contacting former participants in your chosen program to teer programs.
learn about their experiences and to garner advice. The An online resource—including a list of available
majority will probably tell you that they would do it all opportunities—provides information on interning or vol-
over again, if given the opportunity. They might tell you unteering with international nonprofit organizations and
that their experiences were not what they expected but is available from:
that they returned to the United States better prepared for Action Without Borders
their future. 360 W. 31st St., Suite 1510
Keeping an open mind is important, as is learning New York, NY 10001
to adapt to a new culture. Most people who have been (212) 843-3973
abroad agree that the experience increased their confi- www.idealist.org
dence in their ability to overcome adversity.
Most also agree that integrating yourself into an- For a list of study abroad programs that offer intern-
other culture is personally rewarding. Green says that ships, contact:
during her internship, she felt she was living the life of Institute of International Education
a Spaniard—and got an ego boost when locals thought IIEPassport Study Abroad Directories
she was Spanish. “I picked up the local accent and col- 1350 Edgmont Ave., Suite 1100
loquialisms,” she says, “and most people I talked to were Chester, PA 19013
surprised when I told them I’m American. They thought I Toll-free: 1 (877) 4040-EDU (404-0338)
grew up there, and there’s no better feeling than that!” www.iiepassport.org
Living in another culture can also make you aware www.studyabroad.com/internabroad
of your misconceptions. Being a foreigner in Japan is
sometimes difficult for Hills, who says that being an For a list of international au pair agencies, contact:
outsider becomes your identity whether you like it or not. International Au Pair Association
“Everything is more difficult in a foreign language,” he Bredgade 25H
says. “Whenever I go out, there are usually two to three 1260 Copenhagen K
people staring at me because I am different.” Because of Denmark
his experiences, Hills has resolved to be more patient and (45) 3317 0066
sympathetic to foreigners he meets in the United States. www.iapa.org
Going abroad also allows you to build lifelong rela-
tionships with the people you meet. Patricia Tate taught For a list of international volunteer opportunities,
at an elementary school in Ghana while conducting contact:
research for her master’s thesis. She still keeps in touch Foundation for Sustainable Development
with her students and is organizing a drive to send books 870 Market St., Suite 321
to her former students. “After being overseas, I appreciate San Francisco, CA 94102
what we have in the United States a lot more,” she says. (415) 283-4873
“I feel that I am able to give something back by helping www.fsdinternational.org
the children in Ghana. I would not have traded this expe-
rience for anything in the world.” For information about international volunteer and
work opportunities for people with disabilities, contact:
For more information Mobility International USA
Many Internet and library resources have information 132 East Broadway, Suite 343
about how to find international internships, scholarships, Eugene, OR 97401
and financial aid; how to write CVs and cover letters; and (541) 343-1284 (Tel/TTY)
how to conduct business in various cultures. www.miusa.org

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 17

 For information about opportunities with the Peace For information about international jobs with the
Corps, contact: Federal Government, use the Office of Personnel Manage-
Peace Corps ment’s employment information system, USAJOBS. Call
Paul D. Coverdell Peace Corps Headquarters the automated telephone system at (703) 724-1850,
1111 20th St. NW. TDD (978) 461-8404. These numbers are not toll-free.
Washington, DC 20526 You may also visit online at www.usajobs.opm.gov.
Toll-free: 1 (800) 424-8580
www.peacecorps.gov

For information about teaching English as a second

language and related training programs, contact:
Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages,
Inc.
700 S. Washington St., Suite 200
Alexandria, VA 22314
Toll-free: 1 (888) 547-3369
www.tesol.org

18 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

Directory of international
exchange programs
The following table lists many nonprofit and government Before applying to any program, be sure to thoroughly
work abroad programs. This list does not contain infor- research the organization and contact former participants.
mation for programs from private companies or religious Also contact the Better Business Bureau to find out if
organizations or for programs that have a duration time there have been formal complaints made against the
of less than 3 months. organization.

Foreign Application
Paid
language and
Organization Geographic area positions Program description
proficiency program
available?
required? fees1
Private-sector internships and other short-term work
Internship placement organizations

American-Scandinavian Foundation
Scandinavia House
58 Park Ave. Open positions are listed on the Web
New York, NY 10016 Denmark, site. Program also arranges work
(212) 879-9779 Finland, Iceland, visas for students who have arranged
www.amscan.org/training.html Norway, Sweden No Yes $ internships.
CDS International Operates several internship placement
871 United Nations Plaza Argentina, programs and fellowships. Also provides
New York, NY 10017 Germany, temporary work visas for participants
(212) 497-3500 Russia, Spain, who have arranged internships in
www.cdsintl.org Switzerland Yes Yes $$ to $$$ Germany and Switzerland.
Brazil, China,
Costa Rica,
Cross-Cultural Solutions Ghana,
2 Clinton Pl. Guatemala,
New Rochelle, NY 10801 India, Peru, Internships in healthcare, education,
Toll-free: 1 (800) 380-4777 Russia, Tanzania, and social services are available for
www.crossculturalsolutions.org Thailand No No $$$$ academic credit.
Foundation for Sustainable
Development Argentina,
870 Market St., Suite 321 Bolivia, Ecuador, Nonprofit internships available in
San Francisco, CA 94102 India, Kenya, community and economic development,
(415) 283-4873 Nicaragua, Peru, education, environment, health, and
www.fsdinternational.org Uganda Varies No $$$$ human rights.
InterExchange
161 Sixth Ave.
New York, NY 10013 Costa Rica,
(212) 924-0446 France, Great Arranges internships for students based
www.interexchange.org Britain Yes No $$$$ on the participant’s experience.
International Association for the
Exchange of Students for
Technical Experience Arranges internships in architecture,
10400 Little Patuxent Parkway computer science, engineering, and
Suite 250 the natural and physical sciences. Also
Columbia, MD 21044 arranges work visas for students who
(410) 997-3069 have prearranged internships in any
www.iaesteunitedstates.org 80 countries No Yes $$ to $$$ field of study.
International Association of
Students in Economics and
Business (AIESEC)
127 W. 26th St., 10th Floor
New York, NY 10001 Arranges internships in business,
(212) 757-3774 engineering, and IT; also arranges
www.aiesecus.org 90 countries Varies Yes $$$ work visas for AIESEC members.

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 19

 Foreign Application
Paid
language and
Organization Geographic area positions Program description
proficiency program
available?
required? fees1
International Foundation for
Education & Self-Help
International Fellows Program
5040 E. Shea Blvd., Suite 260
Scottsdale, AZ 85254-4687 Places recent college graduates and
(480) 443-1800 Sub-Saharan graduate students in internships with
www.ifesh.org Africa Varies Yes $ international development organizations.
Internships International
P.O. Box 480
23 Reed Rd.
Woolwich, ME 04579 Arranges internships for college seniors
(207) 442-7942 and recent graduates in most areas of
www.internshipsinternational.org 17 countries Varies No $$$$ study, including pre-medicine.
JET Program
Coordinators of International
Relations
Embassy of Japan
JET Program Office
2520 Massachusetts Ave. NW.
Washington, DC 20008 Participants work with local Japanese
(202) 238-6772 ext. 6773 organizations involved in international
www.us.emb-japan.go.jp/ exchange activities. Might include some
JETProgram/homepage.html Japan Yes Yes $ English teaching.
Princeton in Asia
Bobst Center for Peace and Justice
83 Prospect Ave., Room 202 Fellowships in education, journalism,
Princeton, NJ 08544 nongovernment organizations, and
(609) 258-9318 15 countries in business. Immersion experiences
www.princeton.edu/~pia Asia No Yes $$ available.
Student work-visa programs
Association for International
Practical Training
Americans Abroad Program
10400 Little Patuxent Parkway
Suite 250
Columbia, MD 21044
(410) 997-2200 France, Arranges work visas for students who
www.aipt.org Switzerland Yes Yes $$ have internships set up.
British Universities North America
Club
P.O. Box 430
Southbury, CT 06488 Australia,
Toll-free: 1 (800) GO-BUNAC Canada, Ireland, Arranges work visas for students.
(462-8622) New Zealand, Participants do not have to prearrange
www.bunac.org United Kingdom No Yes $$ to $$$ job or internship before departure.
French-American Chamber of
Commerce
122 E. 42nd St., Suite 2015
New York, NY 10168
(212) 867-3603 Arranges 3- to 18-month work visas for
www.faccnyc.org France Yes Yes $$ Americans with prearranged internships.

U.S. Government foreign affairs positions

U.S. Agency for International
Development
Office of Human Resources
Personnel Operations Division
Room 208 Ronald Reagan Bldg. Foreign service opportunities exist for
Washington, DC 20523-2808 entry-level candidates and professionals
www.usaid.gov/careers Worldwide Yes Yes $ with previous technical experience.

20 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

 Foreign Application
Paid
language and
Organization Geographic area positions Program description
proficiency program
available?
required? fees1
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Foreign Agricultural Service College seniors or graduate students
1400 Independence Ave. SW. can intern abroad. Permanent
Washington, DC 20250 employees may also apply for foreign
www.fas.usda.gov/admin/ service after 18 months of full-time
newjobs/newjobs.html Worldwide Yes Yes $ employment.
U.S. Department of Commerce
U.S. Commercial Service
1401 Constitution Ave. NW.
Washington, DC 20230 Students can intern in the commercial
http://export.gov/comm_svc/ sections of U.S. embassies. Permanent
employment/employment_ opportunities also exist for those who
main.html Worldwide Yes Yes $ pass written and oral exams.
U.S. Department of State
HR/REE/REC Student internships available in U.S.
2401 E St. NW., Suite 518 H embassies abroad. Permanent foreign
Washington, DC 20522 service officer and specialist positions
www.careers.state.gov Worldwide Yes Yes $ available.
Teaching English as a foreign language
Government-sponsored programs
Cultural Services of the French
Embassy of the U.S. English
Teaching Assistant Program
4101 Reservoir Rd. Participants teach 12 hours of English
Washington, DC 20007 per week in primary and secondary
www.frenchculture.org/education France Yes Yes 2
schools throughout the country.
English Program in Korea
Center for In-Service Education
Korea National University of
Education
Cheongwon, Chungbuk, 363-791,
South Korea Participants teach English to Korean
(82) 43-233-4516 teachers and students in schools and
http://epik.knue.ac.kr South Korea No Yes $ training centers.
JET Program
Assistant Language Teacher
Embassy of Japan
JET Program Office
2520 Massachusetts Ave. NW.
Washington, DC 20008 Assistant teachers help teach English in
(202) 238-6772 ext. 6773 public elementary and primary schools
www.us.emb-japan.go.jp/ and participate in local international
JETProgram/homepage.html Japan No Yes $ exchange activities.
Nonprofit organizations
American-Scandinavian Foundation
Scandinavia House
58 Park Ave.
New York, NY 10016 Recent graduates and college students
(212) 879- 9779 majoring in education or TEFL teach
www.amscan.org/training.html Finland No Yes $ English in grade schools and colleges.
Appalachians Abroad Teach in
China
Center for International Programs Participants teach English to students in
One John Marshall Dr. grades 1 through 12 or in universities.
Huntington, WV 25755 Participants may also teach subject
(304) 696-6265 areas in science and liberal arts if
www.marshall.edu/gochina China No Yes $$$$ teaching at international schools.

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 21

 Foreign Application
Paid
language and
Organization Geographic area positions Program description
proficiency program
available?
required? fees1
Colorado China Council
4556 Apple Way Participants teach English at
Boulder, CO 80301 universities. Some participants also
(303) 443-1108 teach literature, history, business,
www.asiacouncil.org China No Yes $$$$ economics, or law.
Council on International Exchange
7 Custom House St., 3rd Floor
Portland, ME 04101 Participants teach between 16 and
Toll-free: 1 (800) 407-8839 Chile, China, 22 English classes per week in grade
www.ciee.org/teach.aspx Spain, Thailand Varies Yes $$$$ schools and some universities.
Princeton in Asia
Bobst Center for Peace and Justice
83 Prospect Ave., Room 202
Princeton, NJ 08544 Teaching fellowships available at all
(609) 258-9318 15 countries in levels. Some countries offer teaching
www.princeton.edu/~pia Asia No Yes $$ positions in subjects other than English.
WorldTeach
c/o Center for International Chile, China,
Development Costa Rica,
Harvard University Ecuador, Participants teach English in local
79 John F. Kennedy St. Guyana, Marshall schools in developing countries. Some
Cambridge, MA 02138 Islands, Namibia, participants might also teach math,
Toll-free: 1 (800) 483-2240 Pohnpei, Poland, science, computer skills, or health
www.worldteach.org South Africa No No $$$$ awareness.
Opportunities for licensed teachers
Fulbright teaching programs
Austrian-American Educational
Commission
Fulbright Commission
Schmidgasse 14
A-1080, Vienna, Austria
(43) 1 313 39 ext. 5685
www.fulbright.at/us_citizens/ Participants help English teachers for 12
teaching_intro.php Austria Yes Yes $$ hours per week in secondary schools.
Fulbright Teacher Exchange Full-time teachers and administrators
Program participate in a one-for-one exchange
600 Maryland Ave. SW., Suite 320 with teachers or administrators in a
Washington, DC 20024 foreign country. The levels and subjects
(202) 314-3527 taught depend on the needs of specific
www.fulbrightexchanges.org 30 countries Varies Yes $ countries.
Nonprofit organizations
Global Student Teaching
English Language Teaching
Assistant Program
225 Community Services Bldg.
University of Minnesota-Morris Arranges teaching assistantships in
Morris, MN 56267 international schools for U.S. students
(320) 589-6406 majoring in education. Course credit
www.globalst.org 48 countries No No $$$$ may be obtained.
The International Foundation for
Education & Self-Help Teachers
for Africa
5040 E. Shea Blvd., Suite 260 Places accredited teachers,
Scottsdale, AZ 85254-4687 administrators, and college
(480) 443-1800 Sub-Saharan professors in sub-Saharan
www.ifesh.org Africa Varies Yes $ African schools.

22 Occupational Outlook Quarterly • Fall 2006

 Foreign Application
Paid
language and
Organization Geographic area positions Program description
proficiency program
available?
required? fees1
Private international schools
International Schools Service
15 Roszel Rd., P.O. Box 5910 Maintains a database of candidates
Princeton, NJ 08543 and sponsors several recruitment fairs
(609) 452-0990 annually for teachers wishing to work in
www.iss.edu Worldwide No Yes $$ an American international school.
U.S. Department of Defense
Department of Defense Education
Activity
4040 N. Fairfax Dr.
Arlington, VA 22203 Hires elementary and secondary school
(703) 588-3983 teachers on military bases. Also offers
www.dodea.edu 13 countries No Yes $ unpaid jobs for student teachers.
Agricultural exchange programs
Communicating for Agriculture
Exchange Program
112 E. Lincoln Ave.
P.O. Box 677 Australia,
Fergus Falls, MN 56538 Canada, Participants with prior experience can
Toll-free: 1 (800) 432-3276 New Zealand, work in agriculture, enology, equine
www.caepinc.com Western Europe No Yes 2
care, horticulture, and turf management.
Experience International
P.O. Box 680 Participants with prior experience can
Everson, WA 98247 work in agriculture, fisheries, forestry,
(360) 966-3876 horticulture, and natural resources
www.expint.org 35 countries Varies Yes $$ management.
International Agricultural Exchange
Association
Agriventure Program Australia,
#105, 7710-5 St. SE. Canada,
Calgary, Alberta Denmark,
T2H 2L9 Germany, Japan,
Canada Netherlands, Participants with prior experience can
(403) 255-7799 New Zealand, work in agriculture, horticulture, or home
www.agriventure.com Norway, Sweden 2
Yes 2
management.
Au pair placement programs
InterExchange
161 Sixth Ave. France,
New York, NY 10013 Germany,
(212) 924-0446 Netherlands, Arranges placements and is a member
www.interexchange.org Norway, Spain Varies Yes $$ to $$$ of the International Au Pair Association.

1
Fee ranges are as follows: $ ($0 to $99), $$ ($100 to $499),
$$$ ($500 to $999), and $$$$ ($1,000 or higher).

2
Information not available. Contact the organization for details.

Fall 2006 • Occupational Outlook Quarterly 23