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Algebra Exponent Theory and Equations

This document provides examples of algebra problems involving exponents. 1) It shows how to simplify expressions with exponents through operations like addition, subtraction, and raising to powers. 2) Examples are given of simplifying expressions with negative and fractional exponents. 3) Problems are presented involving evaluating expressions with multiple terms containing exponents.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
40 views6 pages

Algebra Exponent Theory and Equations

This document provides examples of algebra problems involving exponents. 1) It shows how to simplify expressions with exponents through operations like addition, subtraction, and raising to powers. 2) Examples are given of simplifying expressions with negative and fractional exponents. 3) Problems are presented involving evaluating expressions with multiple terms containing exponents.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Algebra

SEMANA 1
TEORÍA DE EXPONENTES 3. Calcule:
)
ECUACIÓN DE 1º GRADO -20 ,6
( 0, 125)
� �
3
2
1. Efectuar: E= 3
-1
� �
-3-1 -2-1 �4 �
E = 27 + 36 + � � - 2-2
�3 � A) 8 B) 6 C) 4
A) 3 B) 6 C) 2 D) 2 E) 5
D) 1 E) 0
RESOLUCIÓN
RESOLUCIÓN 6 2
0, �
6 = =
-1 1 1 -1
9 3
* 27 -3 = * 36-2 =
3 6
-1 1 2
�4 � 3 -2 1 23 g ( -2 ) 3
* �� = * 2 = 3 �1 �
�3 � 4 4 �E = �8 �
\E = 1 = 1 ��
RPTA.: D
1 2
3
2. Simplificar: E= 8 23 g2 3
= 3 82 = 4
2 5 -0,2 RPTA.: C

( -27 ) 3 + ( -27 ) 3 + 2 ( 3) �
- - -4
E=� �
� � 4. Efectuar:
0,5
2 3 �1 �
-� � -4-2
-1
A) B) C) 2
3 2 �1 � �16 � �1 � -1

�625 � +�� + 0,25-0,5


D) 3 E) 1 � � �9 �
A) 21 B) 22 C) 23
RESOLUCIÓN D) 24 E) 25
2
1 1
* ( -27 )
-
3 = 2
=
3
-27 9 RESOLUCIÓN
1 1
5
1 1 - - -2
* ( -27 ) = � 1 �4 �1 �2 �1 �
-
3 =
3
-27
5
-243 �625 � + �9 � + �4 �
� � �� ��
1
* ( 3) =
-4 4
625 + 9 + 4²
81 5 + 3 + 16 = 24
-0,2 -0,2
1
� 1 2� 27 - 1 + 6 �
� RPTA.: D
E = � - + =�
9 243 81 �
� � � 243 �

2
-0,2 0,2
5 10
�32 � �243 � �
�3 ��
E=� � =� � =�
� ��
�243 � �32 � �2 ��

3
E =
2
RPTA.: B

MG. EDDY VALERIO


Algebra
5. Para n γ �; n 2
el equivalente de la expresión 20x +1
n 7. Efectuar: x

� a ga² ga³...a
n² n n
a ga³ ga5...a2n-1 �

n+ 3
4x + 2 + 22x + 2
� �
será: A) 2 B) 3 C) 4
D) 5 E) 6
A) a B) a² C) 0
D) a E) n a
RESOLUCIÓN
RESOLUCIÓN 20x g20 20x g20
x = x
n n 4x g42 + 4x g41 4x g20


n( n+1) �
n+ 3 �
n2
n( n+1) �
n+ 3
x
5x = 5
2
� a 2 gn an � ��a 2
ga �
n

� � � � RPTA.: D
� � � �
n
�n n+3 �
n+ 3 1
� �a 2 � � a2 = a
� � 8. Si:
� � -1 -1

RPTA.: D �a-2 - b-2 � �a-1 - b-1 �


P = � -1 -1 �
y Q = � -2 -2 �
�a + b � �a g b �
6. Efectuar:
48 factores Halle P . Q, siendo b > a > 0
6 4 44 7 4 4 48
3
x g x g3 x...3 x
3
x -3
A= � -1 ; ( x �0 ) 1 1
x g x g x... x x A) B)
1 4 44 2 4 4 43 b-a a-b
44 factores
a+b a-b
A) x 6
B) x9 C) x-4 C) D)
( a - b) ( a + b)
2 2

D) x-7 E) x7
1
E)
RESOLUCIÓN ( b - a)
2

48
3
x x
A= � 3
44 x RESOLUCIÓN
x
ab 1
P= y Q=
ab ( b - a)
16
x b-a
A= 11
gx2
x ab 1
\ PQ = g
x 18
b - a ab ( b - a)
A=
x11 1
PQ =
( b - a)
7 2
�A=x
RPTA.: E RPTA.: E

MG. EDDY VALERIO


Algebra
1 1
+ =2
(*) a + b = 2ab �
9. Simplificar: a b
14a + 14b 1 1 2 � 1�
M= ; si: a + b = ab � - = 2 - = 2�1- �
2b 14a + 2 a 14b a b b � b�
1

a+b �x �
2 x
A) 14 B) 14 C) 7 \� � �
14
a+b �y � y
D) E) 7a+b RPTA.: A
2
x -1
RESOLUCIÓN 1
11. Resolver x -1 = 5
5 e indicar
14a + 14b 14a + 14b x
M= =
(
2 14a-1 + 14b-1 ) (
2 g14-1 14a + 14b ) el valor de: x-1
1
M=
1 1 1
7 A) B) 5 C) -
5 5
�M = 7
1
RPTA.: C D) 5 E)
5
10. Si: a+b = 2ab ; {a;b} ��-{0;1}
RESOLUCIÓN
a
1 1 x gb y 1
- Cambio de variable: =y
Reducir: a b a a x
1+ 1+
b 2b 2a
x g y b
� yy
y
= 5
5
y
5
�y y
= 5
x y x
A) B) C) 1
y x y �y y
= 5
5� y
y = 5
5
y \y = 5
D) E) 1
x

x -1 = 5
RESOLUCIÓN
RPTA.: B
1 1
1 1
-
a b x gy a b
-2
12. Si: x - x =2
x1 gy1 2 x +1
Calcule: E = x 4x
1
1
1- � 1-
1
� � 1�
1- �
2� 1 1
1 1 x b
�x � b � b� A) B) C) 2
-
a b =�
��
� 2 4
1-
1 �
�y � � D) 4 E) 5
y b
� �

MG. EDDY VALERIO


Algebra
RESOLUCIÓN n
2 3 n n = n - 21
Elevando al cuadrado el dato
m. a.m. � 2 3 n = n - 21
( )
x -2
� x -2 = 22 � x -2 = 2
-
1
1 Solo se verifica para: n = 27
�x=2 2
�x= 27
2 �x= 33
x = 93
2 x
Luego: E = x 4x gx
RPTA.: C

4x
14. Reducir:
( ) �x 2g 2 �
1
2x
4x
x
�E = x x
�� �
� �
5
1
�1 � 4
x6
( )
4x 2 4� �
� E = xx = x4x � E = x �2 � 3
5 3
x² x 4 x7 � x

 E = x²
2
�1 � 1
\E = � �= A) x B) x 4
3
C) x 4
5

�2� 2
1 7
RPTA.: A D) x 2 E) x 4

13. Calcule “x” en:


N
RESOLUCIÓN
21+ 2 3 x 30
21 + 2 x 3 N x27 �60 x -51
3 xx
21 + 2 x =x 60
x54 �60 x -51 � 60
x105
A) 27 B) 3
9 C) 9
3 � 4 x7
D) 3
21 E) 3
20 7
\ x4
RPTA.: E
RESOLUCIÓN
15. Si: 52x = 2(10x) - 4x
Trabajando con cada miembro.
xN
x x n � xn = n � x = n n.......(a)
( x - 2 ) -1
( x - 2)
x-4
Calcule: E=
Luego:

N A) 236 B) 256 C) 512


21 + 2 3 x
3
2 x = n - 21 D) 128 E) 0
21 + n - 21
� 23 x = n - 21 RESOLUCIÓN
(154) 4+4( 244)2 4- 24( 54 4g243 ) = 0
n 2 2
� 2 3 x = n - 21.............(b) x x x x

(a) en (b): (5 x
)
-2x = 0 � 5x = 2x

MG. EDDY VALERIO


Algebra
\x=0
RESOLUCIÓN
Reemplazando: Multiplicando por “ab”.
( -2 ) - 1
( -2 )
-4
E= a² (x - a) + b² (x + b) = -ab x
-2
-
1
1 �1 �  a²x - a³ + b²x + b³ = -ab x
E= 2 E=� �
16 �16 �  (a² + ab + b²)x = a³ - b³
 (a²+ab+b²)x = (a-b)(a²-ab+b²)
\ E = 16² = 256
\ x=a-b
RPTA.: B
Cs = {a - b}
16. Resolver: RPTA.: E

1 3 2 2 3 1 18. Resolver en “x”; {a; b; c; d}  R+


- + + - + =0
x x -1 x - 2 x - 3 x - 4 x - 5
3 2 2 d - ax d - bx d - cx -d
A) B) C) + + = + 4x
2 5 3 b+c a+c a+b a+b+c
5 A) 1 B) d
D) E) 4,5
2 d a + 2b + 3c
C) D)
a+b+c d
RESOLUCIÓN E) 
1 3 2 1 3 3
- + + = +
x E555555555
x -1 x -F3 x -5 x -1 x - 4 RESOLUCIÓN
E5555555555555555555F d - ax d - bx d - cx
-x+ -x+ -x+
b+c a+c a+b
2x - 5 2 ( 2x - 5 ) 3 ( 2x - 5 )
2
+ 2 = 2
x - 5x x - 5x + 6 x - 5x + 4 d
� � -x=0
a+b+c
�� 1 2 � 3 �
( 2x - 5) �� 2 + 2 � - 2 �= 0
�� x - 5x x - 5x + 6 x - 5x + 4
1 4 4 4 4 4 4 44 2 4 4�4 4 4 4 4 43 � d - ax - bx - cx d - bx - ax - cx
+ +
� b+c a+c
0
d - cx - ax - bx d - ax - bx - cx
� 2x - 5 = 0 + =0
a+b a+b +c
5
x= � �
2 � 1 1 1 1 �
RPTA.: D
d
��
� - ( a + b + c ) x �
�� + + + �= 0
�b
1 +
4 c
4 4 a
4 +4c44 a
2 +
4 b
4 4 a
4 +
4 b
4 +
43c �
� �
0

17. Halle el conjunto de solución de la  d = (a + b + c) x


ecuación en “x”.
a b d
( x - a) + ( x + b ) = -x ; a �0 ; b �0 \ x=
b a
a+b+c
A)  B) {a} C) {b} RPTA.: C
D) {a + b} E) {a - b}

MG. EDDY VALERIO


Algebra
19. Calcule a + b sabiendo que la
ecuación en “x” luego indique el valor de:

( ) ( )
2 4
ax + 1 x - 2 x- 3- 2 + x- 5- 2 +
- =x+2 admite
b 4
(x - 5)
6
infinitas soluciones. 3-

1 3 2
A) B) C) A) 22 B) 25 C) 3 2
4 2 3
D) 3 E) 1 D) 5 3 E) 7 5

RESOLUCIÓN RESOLUCIÓN
Recordando que: x- 2 x- 3
-1+ -1+
3+ 5 2+ 5
ax + b = 0 tiene infinitas
soluciones, si y solo si:
x- 5
a=0  b=0 -1 = 0
2+ 3

a 1 x 1 (x - � 1
2- 3- 5 � ) +
1
+
1 �
�= 0
 x+ - + -x-2=0 3 + 5 2 + 5 2 + 3
�4 4 4 4 4 44 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 43�
b b 4 2 1

0
�a 1 � �1 1 �
 � - - 1�x + � + - 2 �= 0
�b 4 � � b 2 �  x = 2+ 3+ 5

a 1 1 1 Pero nos piden:


= +1 =2-
 �
( 5) + ( 3) + ( 2)
2 4 6
b 4 b 2 =

a 5 1 3
 = � = 5 + 9 + 8 = 22
b 4 b 2

RPTA.: A

2 5
 b= � a=
3 6

9 3
\a+b = =
6 2

RPTA.: B

20. Resolver la ecuación


x- 2 x- 3 x- 5
+ + =3
3+ 5 2 + 5 2 + 3

MG. EDDY VALERIO

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