ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

(Department of Business Administration)

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BUSINESS MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (MBA-523)

CHECKLIST

SEMESTER: AUTUMN 2010

This packet comprises the following material:

1. Text books (two)

2. Course outline
3. Assignment No.1 & 2
4. Assignment forms (2 sets)
5. Tutorial & Assignments Schedule

In this packet, if you find anything missing out of the above mentioned material,
please contact at the address given below:

Deputy Registrar (Mailing)

Services Block # 28
Allama Iqbal Open University
H-8, Islamabad.
Phone: 051-9057611-12

Course Coordinator
 ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD
(Department of Business Administration)

WARNING
1. PLAGIARISM OR HIRING OF GHOST WRITER(S) FOR SOLVING
THE ASSIGNMENT(S) WILL DEBAR THE STUDENT FROM AWARD
OF DEGREE/CERTIFICATE, IF FOUND AT ANY STAGE.
2. SUBMITTING ASSIGNMENTS BORROWED OR STOLEN FROM
OTHER(S) AS ONE’S OWN WILL BE PENALIZED AS DEFINED IN
“AIOU PLAGIARISM POLICY”.

Course: Business Mathematics and Statistics (523) Semester: Autumn 2010

Level: MBA Total Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 40
ASSIGNMENT No. 1
Q. 1 (a) A data processing manager purchased remote terminal processing time to run
special jobs at two different computer “utilities”. She wishes to sign a long-
term contract with the firm whose computer causes the least delay on the
average. The numbers of minutes of delayed processing per week were
obtained during trial periods with each firm and are provided below:
Compu Quick 210 15 47 93 104
Dial-a-Pute 18 341 523 25 19 293 115 203
Assuming that trial experience is representative of future performance, which
firm should receive the business? Substantiate your answer with appropriate
calculations. (10)
(b) The length of life of 220 incandescent 60-watt lamps was obtained and
yielded the frequency distribution shown in the table given below:
Class Limit Frequency
500-599 3
600-699 7
700-799 14
800-899 28
900-999 64
1000-1099 57
1100-1199 23
1200-1299 13
1300-1399 7
1400-1499 4
1. Construct a histogram of these data, using a vertical scale for relative
frequencies.
2. Find the mean length of life
3. Find the standard deviation (10)

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Q. 2 (a) A hard working student has 90 percent chance to pass the examination and
that pass percentage of the university is 28 percent. Suppose 20% students
work hard. What is the probability that a person who has passed has really
worked hard?
(b) A sales person has 10 percent chance of making a sale to any customer who
is called upon. If 20 calls are made, what is the chance that (i) fewer than
three sales are made (ii) At least one sale is made (iii) More than five are
made? (20)

Q. 3 (a) The wrist circumference of adult males is normally distributed with a mean
of µ = 6.85″ and a standard deviation of σ = 0.40″ . One man is selected
at random. Determine the probabilities for the following possible wrist sizes.
1. Less than 8.00″
2. Between 5.75″ and 6.75″

(b) The achievement scores for a college entrance examination are normally
distributed with a mean of 75 and a standard deviation of 10. What fraction
of the scores would you expect to lie between 70 and 90? (20)

Q. 4 The shopping times were recorded for 64 randomly selected customers for a local
supermarket. The average and variance of the 64 shopping times were 33 minutes
and 256, respectively. Estimate the true average shopping time per customer, with
a confidence coefficient of 1–α = 0.90. (20)
Q. 5 A vice-president for a large corporation claims that salesmen are averaging no
more than 15 sales contacts per week. (She would like to increase this figure) As
check on her claim, 36 salesmen are selected at random, and the number of
contacts is recorded for a single randomly selected week. The sample reveals a
mean of 17 contacts and a variance of 9. Does the evidence contradict the vice-
president’s claim?
Use α = 0.50. (20)
ASSIGNMENT No. 2
Total Marks: 100
This assignment is a research-oriented activity. You are required to select one of the
following topics according to the last digit of your roll number. For example, if your roll
number is D-3427185 then you will select topic number 5 (the last digit). Visit any
business/commercial organization and write a paper of about 1000 words on the topic
allotted to you. Prepare two copies of this report; submit one copy to your tutor for
evaluation and use other for presentation in the workshops, which will be held at the end
of semester prior to your final examination.
1. Probability and their application in business
2. Prediction and regression
3. System of equations
4. Measures of relationship
5. Sampling methods and techniques in business statistics

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6. Time series analysis
7. Estimation and hypothesis testing
8. Analysis of variance
9. Differentiation and its Application in Business
0. Integration

WORKSHOPS
The workshop presentations provide students an opportunity to express their
communication skills, knowledge & understanding of concepts learned during practical
study assigned in assignment # 2. You should use transparencies and any other material
for effective presentation. The transparencies are not the presentation, but only a tool; the
presentation is the combination of the transparencies and your speech. Workshop
presentation transparencies should only be in typed format.

GUIDELINES FOR WORKSHOP PRESENTATION:

• Make eye contact and react to the audience. Don't read from the transparencies or
from report, and don't look too much at the transparencies (occasional glances are
acceptable to help in recalling the topic to cover).
• A 15-minute presentation can be practiced several times in advance, so do that
until you are confident enough. Some people also use a mirror when rehearsing as
a substitute for an audience.

WEIGHTAGE OF THEORY & PRACTICAL ASPECTS IN ASSIGNMENT # 2

AND WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS
Assignment # 2 & workshop presentations are evaluated on the basis of theory & its
applicability. The weightage of each aspect would be:
Theory: 60%
Applicability (practical study of the organization): 40%

BUSINESS MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS

COURSE OUTLINE (MBA-523)
UNIT–1 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
 Introduction to Statistics
 Role of Statistics in Business
 Constructing a Frequency Distribution
 Graphing Frequency Distribution
 Measures of Central Tendency
 Choosing Measures of Central Tendency
 Percentiles, Deciles and Quartiles
 Measures of Dispersion
 Range and Semi-Interquartile Range
 Variance, Standard Deviation
 Coefficient of Variation

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  Chebysshev’s Inequality
UNIT–2 PROBABILITY
 Sample Spaces and Events
 Definitions of Probability
 Addition and Multiplication Rules of Probability
 Conditional Probability
 Baye’s Theorem
 Probability Distribution
 Discrete Probability Distribution
 Expected Values and Variance
 Continuous Probability Distribution
 The Binomial Distribution
 The Poisson Distribution
 Hypergeometric Distribution
 The Normal Distribution
UNIT–3 SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION
 Population and Sample
 Parameters and Estimators
 Reasons for Sampling
 Random Sampling
 Stratifies Random Sampling
 Systematic Sampling
 Cluster Sampling
 Sampling Distributions
 Point and Interval Estimation
 Determination of Sample Size
UNIT–4 TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS
 The rationale of Hypothesis Testing
 Type of Errors
 Testing Hypothesis about One Mean
 Testing Hypothesis about Two Means
 Testing Hypothesis about Proportions
 Goodness of Fit
 Contingency Table Analysis
UNIT–5 REGRESSION AND CORRELATION ANALYSIS
 The Functional Relationship between Two Variables
 Scatter Diagram
 Linear Correlation
 Inferences Concerning Correlation Coefficient
 The Linear Regression Equation

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  The Principle of Least Squares
 Estimating Regression Equation
 Coefficient of Determination
 Multiple Regression and Correlation Analysis
UNIT–6 TIME SEREIS AND INDEX NUMBERS
 Introduction to Time Series
 Components of Time Series
 Measures of Trend and Seasonal Variation
 Time Series Analysis in Forecasting
 Defining and Index Number
 Unweighted Aggregate Index
 Price, Quantity and Value Indices
 CPI and its Uses
UNIT–7 SET THEORY AND SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
 Set Theory, Types of sets
 Methods of Representing sets
 Venn Diagram
 Solution of Linear Systems
 System of Linear Equations and its Applications
 Linear Inequalities
 Quadratic Inequalities
UNIT–8 METRICES
 Introduction to Matrix
 Addition and Multiplication of Matrices
 Row Operations
 Determinant
 Inverse of a Matrix
 Systems of m Equations in n Unknowns
 Applications of Matrices in Business

UNIT–9 DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION
 The Instantaneous Rate of Change
 Rules of Differentiation
 Relative Maxima and Relative Minama
 Test for Determination of Maxima and Minama
 The Indefinite Integral
 The Definite Integral
 Methods of Integration
 Application in Business
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Levin, D. and Rubin, D., “Statistics for Management” 7th Ed. Prentice-Hall Int.
2. Mason, R.D and Lind, D.A., “Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics”,
9th edition.

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3. Wheeler/Peeples “Modern Mathematics” 4th Ed. published by Brooks/Cole
Publishing.
4. Budnick,. F.S. “Applied Mathematics for Business, Economics and the Social
Sciences” McGraw Hill Ltd.
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