SUBMITTED TO- SUBMITTED BY-
MR MANISH SINGHAL SAURABH KUMAR JAIN(EC/09/42)
MR [Link] RITESH KUMAR GUPTA(EC/09/54)
RAKESH KUMAR
SHARMA(EC/09/150)
ROHITASH GARHWAL(EC/09/137) 1
Definition of problem
Market Solution
Introduction
Block diagram
Circuit diagram
Components
Software/Hardware used
Feasibility
Application
Future enhancement
Work distribution of project
Reference
Queries
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Today’s time solar cells are becoming extremely popular for
utilizing solar energy to use in different ways such as
producing electricity, transportation,cooking etc .
So many solar panels have been installed all over the world
and most of them are stable. They are installed in the direction
of maximum radiation of sunlight.
Now the problem arises that the sun is moving .So we cannot
use maximum radiation of sun all the time. The position of
maximum radiation receiving position only comes once in 24
hours.
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Solar tracker is the best solution for receiving maximum
radiation.
By moving the solar panel according to the movement of sun
we can always receive the maximum radiation .
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• The earth receives 16 x 1018 units of energy from
the sun annually, which is 20,000 times the
requirement of mankind on the Earth.
• Solar panels are used to convert light energy into
electrical energy.
• Efficient Solar Power generation System using
moving panel is a efficientpower generating
system using sun light.
Two sensors in two directions to sense the
direction of maximum intensity of light. The
difference between the outputs of the sensors is
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given to the microcontroller unit.
Microcontroller is used to process the input voltage from the
comparison circuit and control the direction in which the motor
has to be rotated so that it will receive maximum intensity of
light from the sun.
The power generated from this process is then stored in a lead
acid battery.
Stored energy is used to run different appliances
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It consist of a LDR sensor senses max solar power which is
being given to the Microcontroller through the ADC which
digitizes the LDR output.
Controller then takes the decision according to then algorithm
and tilts the panel towards the direction of the max energy
given by LDR with the help of DC Motor .
The Motor is used to rotate the LDR to sense the max solar
power.
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Microcontroller receive signal from LDR output in digitized
form with the help of 555 timer IC.
It responds back to the input by sending signal to the motor
driver so that motor driver rotate the panel in the direction
where more intensity of light is falling by minimizing the
difference of resistance produced b/w two sensors to zero
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1) Microcontroller (AT89C2051)
2) 555 timer
3) Stepper motor.
4) Lead acid battery (9AH, 12V DC)
5) LCD
6) Solar panel
7) Crystal Oscillator
8) Relays
9) LDR
10)Voltage Regulator(7805)
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Microcontroller(AT89C2051)
low-voltage, high-performance CMOS 8-
bit microcomputer
2K bytes of Flash programmable and
erasable read-only memory (PEROM).
128 bytes of RAM, 15 I/O lines, two 16-bit
timer/counters.
a five vector two-level interrupt
architecture.
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555 TIMER IC-
functioning as an accurate time-delay
generator .
Timing from micro seconds through
hours
Monostable and Astable operation
Adjustable duty cycle
Ability to operate from a wide range of
supply voltages
High current output that can sink or
source 200 Ma
Output can be operated normal ON
and OFF
High temperature stability
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Solar Panel
Collection of photovoltaic cells.
Photovoltaic cell is composed of sillicon
Rated by its DC output power under standard
test conditions, and typically ranges from 100 to
320 watts.
Consists array of solar panels, an inverter, and
sometimes a battery and or solar tracker and
interconnection wiring.
The efficiency of a panel determines the area of
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a panel
Stepper Motor
• electromechanical device which converts electrical
pulses into discrete mechanical movements. The speed
of the motor shafts rotation is directly related to the
frequency of the input pulses and the
length of rotation is directly related to the number of input
pulses applied.
Lead Acid Battery-
• very low energy-to-weight ratio and a low energy-to-volume
ratio, their ability to supply high surge currents means that the
cells maintain a relatively large power-to-weight ratio. These
features, along with their low cost, make them attractive for
use in motor vehicles to provide the high current required
by automobile starter motors. 15
Microcontroller kit or Atmel AT89C2051
microcontroller.
Keil Micro Vision Integrated Development
Environment.
Proteus Design Suite,Express PCB.
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Technical/practical :
[Link] free
[Link] in Design
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] human error
[Link]
Economical:
[Link] cost of project=6500-7000/-
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By adding moving equipment and gears it increase the cost
approximately 25%as compare to simple solar system
It require regular repairs and maintenance
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Heating the water
For power generation at remote places where power
lines are not accessible.
Battery charger
Emergency battery backup
Solar cooking
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To improve the sun tracking, a stand alone sun tracker can be
designed using 18 seriesPIC microcontroller.
Utilize a dual-axis design versus a single-axis to increase
tracking accuracy.
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Work Member
Market survey saurabh,ritesh
Express PCB layout saurabh,ritesh
Component mounting Rohitash,rakesh
Coding ritesh,saurabh,rohitash,
rakesh
Circuit simulation ritesh,saurabh
Report writting rohitash,rakesh
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