Slide Slide Content Voice Over
No.
1. In our today's class, we will learn about electric circuit
and switch. .
2 Electrical Circuit An electric circuit provides complete for electricity to
flow between two terminals of an electric device.
The current flows through the circuit from one
terminal to other terminal through an device or switch.
Current always flow from positive terminal of the cell
to negative terminal.
3. Open Circuit Now, take out the wire from one terminal of the bulb.
In this situation, current does not have the closed path
to return to the negative terminal of the cell. Hence,
the bulb does not glow. This is called an open circuit.
This circuit where the current does not have a
closed path to complete the circuit is called an open
circuit.
4 Closed Circuit The circuit in which current after starting from the
positive terminal of a cell returns to the negative
terminal of it, without any break, through a closed
loop is called closed circuit.
5. Electric Switch But we what you will if you dont want your bulb to
An electric switch is a device glow for sometime? You have to disconnect the wired
which helps to close or open a connection and later have to connect it again to make
circuit. it glow again everytime you need it, which can be
tiresome. Do we do this everytime at our home. What
do we do to then?
Yes, we use an electric switch.
An electric switch is a device that either breaks the
circuit or completes it, so that you dont have to make
or disconnect the connections each time you need.
For example a fan, whenever we switch it ON, it
moves and whenever we switch it off, it stops. This
happens because when we switch ON, the circuit
becomes complete and thus current is passed through
the fan, and it moves. While when we switch it off, the
circuit is open and no current passes through the fan
and it stops. Let us see how can we make our own
switch.
[[VIDEO:13018]] + P.15.3.2 Switch Making -
To construct a switch, we simply need some pieces of
wire, two metal clips, two nails, a cardboard, bulb and
a small cell.
Step 1 : fix two pins in the cardboard.
Step 2: connect two wires to each nail.
Step 3 : connect both the metallic clips at the end of
above connected wires.
Step 4: connect a bulb and cell through wire to the
nails.
Step 5: switch is ready to use.
To glow the bulb and complete the circuit, simply
connect both the clips to each other.
Note: never use any other main supply or big battery
instead of cell as it can give you an electric shock.
6 Lets now see how can we make a circuit using an
electric cell and bulb and operate it with the help of a
switch.
Whenever the two clips are connected together, the
circuit will close and switch will be in ON position.
Hence, the bulb will glow.
7. Activity Try to make a switch using two drawing pins, a safety
pin, two wires and small sheet of thermocole and a
wooden board.
8. We will get a switch like this. Insert a drawing pin
into the ring at one end of the safety pin and fix it on
the wooden sheet as shown. Make sure that the safety
pin can be rotated freely. Now, fix the other drawing
pin on the thermo Col sheet in a way that the free end
of the safety pin can touch it. The safety pin fixed in
this way would be your switch . You can connect it to
the other drawing pin and your switch will be ON.
9 Today, the switches used in houses and buildings are
like this. They are easy and safe to use, covered with a
insulating material like wood and plastic. You just
have to push them up or down in order to make a
device On or Off. Also, there are some devices which
are provided with inbuilt switches like table fan, hair
dryer, air cooler. Even when connected to main
supply, you can turn off their operation by pressing
the switches provided on them
10. Ans: circuit is open as switch is off, thus no current
Choose the correct option? flows through the circuit. Correct option is (4).
1. current flows in wire AB
2. current flows in wire CD
3. current flows in wire FE
4. No current flows through
the circuit.
B C
A F
E D
11 Electric Torch Electric circuit of a torch
A torch is a practical example of a simple electric
circuit. It is an electric device that emits light. It
consists of a bulb, electric cells, a switch, a reflector,
and a cylindrical shape casing.
Function of each component of a torch
• Bulb: The bulb emits light when electric
current flows through its filament.
• Electric cell: The cell is an electricity-
producing device. The required current for the
filament of the bulb is supplied by it.
• Switch: The switch is used to complete and
break the circuit inside the torch. In simple
words, it is used to turn the torch on and off.
• Reflector: The reflector is a curved, silvered
mirror. It is used to focus the light in a
particular direction.
• Casing: The casing is used to provide covering
for the basic components of the torch for
protection and safe handling.
12. Think it Over! Think it Over!
Mark the terminals of bulb and Mark the terminals of bulb and cell. And Find the
cell. And Find the inconsistency in inconsistency in the figure.
the figure.
Mark the terminal as shown in the figure.
Inconsistency: direction of flow of current is semi
wrong.
