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Order Mike's Illustrated Formula Book For Details, Visit or Call 1.888.NEC - Code

This document contains numerous electrical formulas for calculating: - Area of a circle, breakeven dollars, busbar ampacity, unit conversions, length of coiled wire, and distance of lightning. - Formulas for capacitive reactance, AC amps/volts, efficiency, horsepower, inductive reactance, input/output power, neutral current, and transformer ratings. - Notes on parallel and series circuits regarding resistance, current, power, and voltage. - Formulas for voltage drop and allowable conductor ampacity according to NEC code rules. - Common mathematical constants and variables used in the formulas are defined.

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69 views4 pages

Order Mike's Illustrated Formula Book For Details, Visit or Call 1.888.NEC - Code

This document contains numerous electrical formulas for calculating: - Area of a circle, breakeven dollars, busbar ampacity, unit conversions, length of coiled wire, and distance of lightning. - Formulas for capacitive reactance, AC amps/volts, efficiency, horsepower, inductive reactance, input/output power, neutral current, and transformer ratings. - Notes on parallel and series circuits regarding resistance, current, power, and voltage. - Formulas for voltage drop and allowable conductor ampacity according to NEC code rules. - Common mathematical constants and variables used in the formulas are defined.

Uploaded by

vinodlife
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Electrical Formulas

Order Mike’s Illustrated Formula book for details, visit www.NECCode.com or call 1.888.NEC.Code.
Conversion Formulas
Area of Circle = r2
Breakeven Dollars = Overhead Cost $/Gross Profit %
Busbar Ampacity AL = 700A Sq. in. and CU = 1000A Sq. in.
Centimeters = Inches x 2.54
Inch = 0.0254 Meters
Inch = 2.54 Centimeters
Inch = 25.4 Millimeters
Kilometer = 0.6213 Miles
Length of Coiled Wire = Diameter of Coil (average) x Number of Coils x 
Lightning Distance in Miles = Seconds between flash and thunder/4.68
Meter = 39.37 Inches
Mile = 5280 ft, 1760 yards, 1609 meters, 1.609 km
Millimeter = 0.03937 Inch
Selling Price = Estimated Cost $/(1 - Gross Profit %)
Speed of Sound (Sea Level) = 1128 fps or 769 mph
Temp C = (Temp F - 32)/1.8
Temp F = (Temp C x 1.8) + 32
Yard = 0.9144 Meters

Electrical Formulas Based on 60 Hz


Capacitive Reactance (XC) in Ohms = 1/(2 f C)
Effective (RMS) AC Amperes = Peak Amperes x 0.707
Effective (RMS) AC Volts = Peak Volts x 0.707
Efficiency (percent) = Output/Input x 100
Efficiency = Output/Input
Horsepower = Output Watts/746
Inductive Reactance (XL) in Ohms = 2f L
Input = Output/Efficiency
Neutral Current (Wye) = A2  B 2  C 2  ( AB  BC  AC )
Output = Input x Efficiency
Peak AC Volts = Effective (RMS) AC Volts x 2
Peak Amperes = Effective (RMS) Amperes x 2
Power Factor (PF) = Watts/VA
VA (apparent power) = Volts x Ampere or Watts/Power Factor
VA 1-Phase = Volts x Amperes
VA 3-Phase = Volts x Amperes x 3
Watts (real power) Single-Phase = Volts x Amperes x Power Factor
Watts (real power) Three-Phase = Volts x Amperes x Power Factor x 3
Parallel Circuits
Note 1: Total resistance is always less than the smallest resistor
RT = 1/(1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 +...)
Note 2: Total current is equal to the sum of the currents of all parallel resistors
Note 3: Total power is equal to the sum of power of all parallel resistors
Note 4: Voltage is the same across each of the parallel resistors

Series Circuits
Note 1: Total resistance is equal to the sum of all the resistors

Order Mike’s Illustrated Formula book for details, visit www.NECCode.com or call 1.888.NEC.Code.
Note 2: Current in the circuit remains the same through all the resistors
Note 3: Voltage source is equal to the sum of voltage drops of all resistors
Note 4: Power of the circuit is equal to the sum of the power of all resistors

Transformer Amperes
Secondary Amperes 1-Phase = VA/Volts
Secondary Amperes 3-Phase = VA/Volts x 3
Secondary Available Fault 1-Phase = VA/(Volts x %impedance)
Secondary Available Fault 3-Phase = VA/(Volts x 3 x %Impedance)
Delta 4-Wire: Line Amperes = Phase (one winding) Amperes x 3
Delta 4-Wire: Line Volts = Phase (one Winding) Volts
Delta 4-Wire: High-Leg Voltage (L-to-G) = Phase (one winding) Volts x 0.5 x 3
Wye: Line Volts = Phase (one winding) Volts x 3
Wye: Line Amperes = Phase (one winding) Amperes

Voltage Drop
VD (1-Phase) = 2KID/CM
VD (3-Phase) = 3 KID/CM

CM (1-Phase) = 2KID/VD
CM (3-Phase) = 3 KID/VD

Code Rules
Breaker/Fuse Ratings – 240.6(A)
Conductor Ampacity – 310.15 and Table 310.16
Equipment Grounding Conductor – 250.122
Grounding Electrode Conductor – 250.66
Motor Conductor Size – 430.22 (Single) 430.24 (Multiple)
Motor Short-Circuit Protection – 430.52
Transformer Overcurrent Protection – 450.3

Order Mike’s Illustrated Formula book for details, visit www.NECCode.com or call 1.888.NEC.Code.
 (Pi) = (3.142 approximately), 2 = 1.414 (approximately), 3 = 1.732 (approximately), f = Frequency, r = radius, d = diameter, C = Capacitance (farads),
L = Inductance (henrys), CM = Circular Mils (Chapter 9, Table 8), VD = Volts Drop, K = (12.9 ohms CU) (21.2 ohms AL), I = Amperes of load, D = Distance in ft one way

Order Mike’s Illustrated Formula book for details, visit www.NECCode.com or call 1.888.NEC.Code.

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