Ancient Greece & Rome: Lesson Plan Insights
Ancient Greece & Rome: Lesson Plan Insights
Audrey Joyner
Overview of Lesson Plan
History 3.3 The student will explain how the contributions of ancient Greece and Rome have
influenced the present world in terms of architecture, government (direct and representative
democracy), and sports.
English 3.5 The student will read and demonstrate comprehension of fictional text and poetry.
The theme of this unit is Ancient Greece and Rome and gaining understanding of their
contributions to modern day societal advancement. In this unit, the students will read a short
historical fiction text and work in groups to discover different points of view on the text as well
as other contributions of these ancient societies they will learn along the way. Students will also
use 3 vocabulary strategies to enhance their working knowledge of historical vocabulary.
Integrating literacy into this plan increases the students’ skills in both reading and history, while
also teaching them lifelong skills in critical thinking as well as strategies for reaching an
educated conclusion in factual discovery of the world, both past and present. Through
comprehension of texts and themes, reflection of concepts, and assessing their own skills in a
creative way, students will be lead to discovery of their past so that it may lead to a brighter
future.
Interdisciplinary Connections
History and English, like Math and Science are often two disciplines that cross over quite a bit in
the school curriculum. In this plan, 3rd Grade History SOL number 3.3, the student will explain
how the contributions of ancient Greece and Rome have influenced the present world in terms of
architecture, government (direct and representative democracy), and sports, is fully supported as
the main SOL for this history unit. The text chosen in this unit, while partially fulfilling the
history requirement for the SOL, also fulfills the fiction requirement in the English standards of
learning number 3.5 as listed above. The English SOLs covered in this plan also includes English
SOL 3.4 on expanding vocabulary, along with the 3 subsets listed above. In both of these content
areas, reading is integral to success. By using English and History in conjunction with one
another, it allows the students to begin the practice of reading about their past early on in their
education and learning out to think critically about historical fiction text.
Technology
In this unit there are opportunities to enhance the student’s learning experience with different
kinds of technology. In the reflection activity there is use of a smart board to drag and drop
answers into their appropriate spaces. This is used to both incorporate technology as well as
create an easier to see presentation for students who may have visual impairments. Another
manipulative used is the dice in the vocabulary activity. This may not seem like a form of
technology but one reason it is included is for the students who have sensory issues and readily
use sensory manipulatives to participate in activities. The website Padlet is also used in this plan
as a discussion board for students to post answers and discuss their answers with their peers
through a different medium than simply speaking face to face. In our quickly advancing world of
technology it is important to include technology in lessons to increase student’s technological
literacy.
Differentiation
Differentiation is one of the main components in this plan, as it is geared toward students with
diverse needs. Using differentiated plans across the curriculum is crucial in being able to allow
students with diverse needs learn in the best way they possibly can. This lesson plan offers
choices in reading levels, such as the levels given in the text examples given, as well as the other
assignments as a whole. The Pre-Reading activity is slightly geared toward students who have a
difficulty with reading, allowing them to focus on the information presented rather than their
difficulties with how they are to obtain knowledge in this activity. One of the benefits of the
video shown is that there are closed captions available, as well as a majority of it being written
out on the video itself, which could help the students who have difficulty hearing or sensory
complications. Students with more severe disabilities can be given strips with new vocabulary
that can be found in the video to work in a group with the teacher or the aid in the classroom if
there is one available and they can match the word to what they think may be the definition
based on the video. There are also many ways to differentiate the vocabulary lesson such as
using manipulatives and pictures to explain the words as well as flexible grouping strategies. All
of the activities have the ability to implement flexible grouping strategies to present students
with different groups along with possible teacher assistance. Another differentiation strategy
used in this plan is the options given in the comprehension activity on how the students will
complete the assignment to display their comprehension of the material. It is important for
students with learning difficulties to be given choices in their work so that they feel the most
comfortable in showing their knowledge in the best way they can.
Text
The anchor text chosen for this unit is Hour of the Olympics, a historical fiction early
readers chapter book by Mary Pope Osborne meant for readers at a 3rd-5th grade reading level.
This text allows lower and upper level readers alike to engage with history in a different way
than most lessons, which would usually be an interactive notebook or lecture-based activity. The
chapters are short and have historical facts about Ancient Greece woven into the fictional story
of Annie and Jack’s adventure back in time. The related texts contribute to a deeper
understanding of the fictional adventure in ancient Greece such as the home life of the Greeks,
the Olympic Games, and democracy and how each of these contributed to how we live today.
Additional text to assist in understanding the necessary material for the unit will be a literary
historical fiction comic book titled, Adventures in Ancient Greece by Linda Bailey and Ancient
Greece and the Olympics: A Nonfiction Companion to Hour of the Olympics by Mary Pope
Osborne, Sal Murdocca & Natalie Pope Boyce. These related texts are both additional resources
that explain the content knowledge in a different way. In the non-fiction companion for the
anchor text, the authors reference the anchor text’s historical facts and expand them to lead
students to purely factual conclusions about Ancient Greece. Adventures in Ancient Greece is
useful as a guide through Ancient Greece through a pictorial storyboard style representation of
important information that the anchor text touched on briefly, and also gives information that is
required in the standards of learning about democracy and their way of life from a child’s point
of view.
Bailey, L., & Slavin, B. (2003). Adventures in Ancient Greece. London: A. & C. Black.
Osborne, M. P., & Murdocca, S. (1998). Hour of the Olympics. New York: Random
House.
Osborne, M. P., Murdocca, S., & Boyce, N. P. (2004). Ancient Greece and the Olympics:
A nonfiction companion to Hour of the Olympics. New York: Random House.
Pre-reading Activity
This activity, “Is it New News or Old News?,” centers around a video introduction
which will transition into a group/class discussion. This activity will introduce the students to the
world of Ancient Greece and their contributions before the full lesson of the specifics of Ancient
Greece begins. The video can be found at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jloEzVh31TE (We
will only use the time from 1:50-4:42 time coded in the video as it introduces the topic) and the
only other materials needed will be a piece of loose-leaf paper for each student, and writing
utensils. While the video is playing students will write on a loose-leaf piece of paper some new
words or ideas that they found in the video, this will lead to a group discussion at their table
groups about the words to see if their peers know a word that they stated as a new word, then
they will be discussed as a class. This will allow me as the teachers to see, as a class, what needs
to be stressed in general.
Ancient civilizations can sometimes be difficult for young students to visualize without
some form of visual aid to guide their knowledge. Through the use of videos that are easily
accessed through an internet connection and will offer students a medium other than traditional
text to learn the new information through. The activity will benefit students, especially those
with reading or learning disabilities by making the information less text centered and more
centered around their knowledge of the topic as the video is explaining excerpts of the new topic.
The activity will also foster some collaborative work by the students in the groups. Some may
have heard of some concepts that the other students have not, so they can help their peers and
explain the concepts in a way that may be easier to understand than the teacher’s explanation.
Instructional Steps:
1. The teacher will introduce the new unit as the beginning of the ancient civilizations units.
The teacher will then explain that the contributions made by Ancient Greece and Rome
helped to shape the world as we know it. The teacher will then pose the question, “Does
anyone know what a contribution is?”
a. If the students answer then we can move on to the rest of the activity, if not then
the teacher will explain what a contribution is as it pertains to being able to
understand the video.
2. The teacher will then instruct the students to take out a piece of paper and tell them that
as they watch the video on Ancient Greece, they are to write down some words that are
new to them that they may not know (such as Olympiad).
3. Once the video is over, the teacher will instruct them to discuss in their groups some of
the words or ideas they wrote down during the video. Is there something that everyone
wrote down? Is there a theme in the new words from the video? Are they all “Ancient”
words?
4. The teacher will then call the class to order and have the groups delegate a person to
speak for their group to the rest of the class and explain what some words were that they
had questions about.
a. The teacher will explain once the activity is over that the one person who was to
speak for the group follows a model set forth by the democracy in Ancient Greece
to give them a visual representation.
Vocabulary Activities
The three vocabulary activities are mean to access different parts of the students’ academic
knowledge of new historical vocabulary. Activity 1 is a crossword to introduce the new
vocabulary in a superficial manner, just to get them thinking about the words they will see later
on in the unit. Activity 2 is a Frayer model to have the students think deeper about the words and
their meaning and requires them to truly know what the word means to complete. The final
activity is a group game to test the students’ retained knowledge of the terms learned in the unit.
Altogether, the activities have the students’ testing different knowledge of the vocabulary and
along with reminders throughout instruction, will instruct them on the importance of the terms to
their historical knowledge.
These vocabulary words are a combination of stopper words and words that span across the
content areas of English and History. This list will be important for students to understand as
they combine previous knowledge and new vocabulary to understand the many contributions of
ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. The anchor text chosen for the unit contains many of
these words and they will provide a deeper meaning to the text allow with the entire unit.
Comprehension Activity
Description:
The strategies used in this assignment are the QAR and a Venn Diagram to compare Ancient
Greece to Modern times. When used together, the strategies provide a different mode of learning
to students who may learn more visually or graphically. When used together they also allow the
student to answer a QAR question in a different way when using a visual representation.
Rationale:
This assignment uses the QAR strategy to guide comprehension through the book and ask
questions that pertain to the text, the other strategy used is a Venn Diagram in the worksheet to
discuss the similarities and differences of Ancient Greece and modern times. It is important to
have students with disabilities such as dyslexia guided clearly though the information they are
supposed to gain from the reading. Through this activity, students will be shown a questioning
strategy that can show how to interpret important concepts in the text and ask their own
questions while reading. Since the text is historical fiction, the important concepts are mostly
historical facts. However, there are many parts of the text that require knowledge of the plot to
understand why they are significant to the story.
Materials:
1. Hour of the Olympics: QAR Reading Guide (Attached on Blackboard)
2. Copies of Hour of the Olympics by Mary Pope Osborne
3. Pencils
4. Index Cards (Extension Activity)
5. Colored Pencils (Extension Activity)
6. Padlet/Computer/iPad: https://padlet.com/ajoyn006/kocj4hstnfiq
Instructional Steps:
1. Students will be instructed to take out their copies of Hour of the Olympics by Mary Pope
Osborne and will group up into their reading groups to read through pages 10-23
(Chapters 2 & 3) in their books.
a. Reading groups are chosen by reading level going from blue, red, green, and
purple (in that order from lowest to highest reading level).
b. The teacher and co-teacher will be going around to each group to assist with
pronunciations
2. After the students have complete the reading, students will be given a copy of the Hour of
the Olympics: QAR Reading Guide to work through independently for 15-20 minutes.
a. Groups who finish before the time is up will work individually to draw and
describe key events from the chapters they just read.
3. Once students have worked through the assignment independently, they will group
together again and review their answers with one another.
4. The students will choose one of the following ways to present their groups answers to the
teacher.
a. Draw and Explain
b. Write the answers in a foldable
c. Post the answers in the class discussion Padlet
i. https://padlet.com/ajoyn006/kocj4hstnfiq
5. Once students have completed the assignments, they will use the Padlet discussion board
to respond to at least two of their peers either using the iPads or the computers in the
classroom.
6. Students will turn in all papers for cross-referenced grading to compare group answers
with individual answers.
Assessment Plan:
Throughout the lesson, students will be assessed based on the group discussions that take
place during the activity. Students will also be assessed individually based on evaluation
of the QAR worksheet that will be handed in along with the group work. The students
will not be given a letter grade based on this worksheet, they will be evaluated based on
their answers to see where they are in terms of comprehension.
QAR Worksheet:
Reflection Activity
In this reflection activity, students will use the knowledge they have gained in this unit to come
to a conclusion of whose influence they see more of in their day to day lives. They will
accomplish this by individually using a Discussion Web (Posted below) to gather their ideas and
present them to the teacher. Due to the students’ young age, it is important to draw clear
comparisons to the past, so they will understand why the world works in the way it does. This
assignment has a technology component and will require the use of a Smart Board and if that is
not available, the group component can be completed by handwritten sticky notes on a white
board.
Materials:
Instructional Steps:
1. The teacher will begin the lesson by asking the students to state some things they learned
throughout the unit. (i.e. the Olympics were first done in Greece, democracy, etc.)
2. The teacher will then model how to complete the Discussion Web and state the
instructions for completion of the web.
a. The students will also be told that some of the answers will be used in a class
discussion later on.
3. The students will be given 15 minutes to collect their ideas and place them in the correct
sides of the web.
4. The teacher will then collect the reflection sheets from each student and choose an
answer from each worksheet to type into the Smart Board sticky notes.
5. The teacher will then ask the students to drag the reason in the sticky note to the correct
heading, either Greek contribution or Roman contribution.
6. The teacher will finally ask the students who they think have the most contributions that
we still see today and share their reasoning with the class.
Writing Activity
The writing activity for this unit is found in the Performance-Based Assessment. The
students will be assessed based on their ability to write “posts,” or short factual or anecdotal
statements about ancient Greeks, Romans, or both to create a social media page based on one of
these ancient figures. This activity fulfills the writing component for this unit as it displays the
students’ ability to present their knowledge of the content through critical thinking and being
able to generalize the material in a creative way. The social media page is a way for students
who may struggle with longer writing assignments to have the process broken down into smaller
parts as to not overwhelm the student, as well as teach them proper writing strategies on a
smaller scale.
Communication Activity
The communication activity for this unit is found in both the Comprehension activity as
well as the Pre-Reading activity earlier in the unit. The communication component in the
Comprehension activity uses the message board website Padlet to post discussion responses to
their classmates’ classwork answers. Students are given the chance to respond to each other in a
way that may make them feel more comfortable than if they were in a small group setting.
Students with disabilities are often apprehensive of oral communication or voicing their opinions
on their work in fear that they might be incorrect. In this media, the student can take time and
think about their individual response with less pressure from their peers. In the Pre-Reading,
students work in small groups to discuss unknown terms they found in the introductory video
and at the end of the group work one student will be delegated to present the group’s findings to
the class. This communication activity has both an oral language and a collaborative
communication component as the students will work together to assess their prior knowledge of
ancient civilizations.
Performance-Based Assessment
The performance-based assessment for this unit will be to create a social media page
created by the students to display their knowledge of the content obtained in this unit about the
ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. The assessment is meant to display students’
creativity, their ability to generalize material they have been taught into a real-world scenario
and test their knowledge of the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. The assessment brings
the unit together by giving students the opportunity to have lee-way with the execution of the
assignment, however this does not mean they can turn in anything they desire. What this means
is that the students may choose to be very creative with their writing and illustrations, and some
may choose to be purely factual in their representations. The assignment allows for this to cater
to the individual needs of those with diverse learning needs, so they may display their knowledge
in a new way. At the end of this section the rubric for the assessment is given and focuses on 4
categories; length, creativity, factual interpretation, and presentation. Students will be given the
guidelines as shown in the GRASP below, a copy of the rubric, as well as the 11x17 black social
media page. This assessment will be completed in class to ensure that it is their own work, and to
ensure quality is being monitored by the teacher. Once the assessments have been graded, they
will be hung in the hallway as a way to publish the students’ work for the school to see.
Goal:
Your task is to use the template given and create a social media page through the eyes of
an Ancient Greek or Roman.
Your goal is to create a profile for the Greek or Roman that talks about what
contributions their country made to the world we live in today.
The problem or challenge is the people who find the profile online may not know much
about Ancient Greece or Rome or the contributions they made.
The obstacles to overcome are helping people from the future understand the importance
of Ancient Greece and Rome.
Role:
You will create a social media profile of an Ancient Greek or Roman in order to show the
contributions these ancient civilizations made to modern times.
You need to develop a visual profile, completed in the given template so that you can
educate the people of the future on the contributions of the Ancient Greeks and Romans.
Standards and Criteria for Success:
Your performance needs to include a picture, either hand drawn or printed of your chosen
Greek or Roman, at least 5 “posts” about the civilization and life of the person you have
chosen, as well as a title for your social media page (Greekbook, Roaming Romans, etc.)
Your work will be judged on your ability to provide factual evidence about Ancient
Greece and Rome based on our class as well as creativity of the posts that provide these
facts.
Your product must meet the following standards:
o Provide at least 5 “posts” on the profile page
o Discuss at least 3 Greek or Roman contributions to today’s way of life
o Provide a profile picture and illustrations in the profile
o A creative title for the social network
o Include at least 2 period related friends and 2 interests that your person may have
had.
A successful result will be appealing and able to educate someone who knows little about
Ancient Greece and Rome about these civilizations.
Assessment-Filled In & Blank (Printed on 11x17 Paper)
Assessment Assignment Rubric