Masonry Design Definitions
________
______
________
________ ________ ______
_____ Unreinforced masonry: Tensile
Excalibur Hotel, Las Vegas
28 story reinforced masonry bearing wall structure resistance of ______ is included in
design; resistance of any ________
Monadnock Building, Chicago (1891)
16 story unreinforced brick bearing wall structure;
______ present is neglected.
6 ft thick walls at base
Reinforced masonry: Tensile
resistance of _______ is neglected
_____
in design (except for ______).
_____
Introduction 1 Introduction 2
Masonry Elements Masonry Elements
_________ : beams over openings [Link] ________________:
• Precast Concrete Continuously reinforced
• Steel horizontal element
• Masonry
[Link] [Link]
Introduction 3 Introduction 4
Masonry Elements Wall Types
___________: wall portion,
generally projecting from either or _____________: multi-wythe wall in
both wall faces, serving as vertical which the wythes are tied together so
column and/or beam that the combined wythes act as a
single unit
_____________: wall built of masonry Composite wall
arranged to have a continuous air
space (with or without insulation)
within the wall; wythes are tied
together (multi-wythe non-composite
wall)
_____________: wall having a facing of
masonry units securely attached to
backing (non-structural)
[Link]
Cavity wall
[Link]
Introduction 5 Introduction 6
Reinforced Masonry Wall Cavity Wall
[Link] [Link]
Introduction 7 Introduction 8
Cavity Wall: Cross-Section Bond Patterns
Running Bond Stack Bond
1/3 Running Bond Flemish Bond
TMS 402
Code:
Less than ¼ unit overlap
Introduction 9 Introduction 10
Mortar Joint Types Building Codes
_____ Codes
Code adopted by jurisdictional body
Concave, Vee, Grapevine, or
Weathered recommended for
exterior use; compression of _____ Codes
mortar in tooling makes joints International Building Code - 2015
more weatherproof. Chapter 7: Fire-resistance
Chapter 14: Exterior walls
Chapter 21: Masonry
International Residential Code - 2015
____ Codes
Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures
TMS 402-16
(formerly TMS 402-13/ACI 530-13/ASCE 5-13)
Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
ASCE 7-10
Introduction 11 Introduction 12
TMS 402/602 Code Overview ASCE 7-10 Load Combinations
TMS 402: Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (C pages) Strength Design Allowable Stress Design
TMS 602: Specifications for Masonry Structures (S pages) (1) 1.4D (1) D
1988: First edition (2) 1.2D + 1.6L +0.5(Lr or S or R) (2) D + L
1995: Seismic requirements moved from Appendix to main body of code;
(3) 1.2D +1.6(Lr or S or R) + (L or (3) D + (Lr or S or R)
chapter on veneers added; chapter on glass block added
0.5W) (4) D + 0.75L + 0.75(Lr or S or R)
1998: Major reorganization of code; prestressed masonry chapter added
2002: Strength design chapter added; definitions of shear walls added to
(4) 1.2D + 1.0W + L + 0.5(Lr or S (5) D + (0.6W or 0.7E)
correspond to IBC definitions; code moved to a three year revision cycle or R)
(6a) D + 0.75L + 0.75(0.6W) +
2005: Changed lap splice requirements, requiring much longer lap lengths (5) 1.2D + 1.0E +L + 0.2S 0.75(Lr or S or R)
2008: Major reorganization of seismic requirements; added AAC masonry in (6) 0.9D + 1.0W
Appendix (6b) D + 0.75L + 0.75(0.7E) +
(7) 0.9D + 1.0E 0.75S
2011: Eliminated one-third stress increase and recalibrated allowable stresses;
added infill provisions in Appendix
Load factor on L in combinations (3), (4), and (5)
(7) 0.6D + 0.6W
2013: Changes for partially grouted shear walls; updated unit strength table; is permitted to equal 0.5 for all occupancies in
(8) 0.6D + 0.7E
limit states appendix which Lo is less than or equal to 100 psf, with the
exception of garages or areas occupied as It shall be permitted to replace 0.6D with 0.9D in
combination (8) for the design of Special
2016: Add shear friction provisions; increase cavity width; update anchor bolts places of public assembly.
Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls
2022: Go to a six-year cycle
Introduction 13 Introduction 14
Lateral Load Resisting Systems Masonry Organizations
Organization Web Address Comments
Brick Industry Association [Link] Technical Notes on Brick
Construction
___________
International Masonry [Link] Masonry Bibliography,
Lateral Force Institute 1830-1990
Resisting System Masonry Institute of America [Link] Reinforced Masonry
Section through building Engineering Handbook
__________
National Concrete Masonry [Link] Manual of Facts on
Association Concrete Masonry;
e-TEK notes
The Masonry Society [Link] Masonry Society Journal;
Designer’s Guide; Database
Vertical Spanning
Portland Cement Association [Link] Concrete Masonry
Wall with Handbook
Pilasters Western States Clay Products [Link] Technical Publications on
Association Veneer and Structural Brick
Wind Seismic
Wall with Parapet
Introduction 15 Introduction 16
