ROBOTIC & ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
PRESENTED TO:
Madam Humera Niaz
PRESENTED BY:
Muhammad Muavia Khan SP09-MBA-081
Shehrish Asmat SP09-MBA-132
SESSION 2009-20011
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE?..............................................................3
INTELLIGENCE:.................................................................................................................................................3
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:.................................................................................................................3
WHAT IS A ROBOTIC AND ROBOT?..................................................................3
ROBOTIC:...................................................................................................................................................3
ROBOT:.......................................................................................................................................................3
BASIC ROBOT PARTS.........................................................................................4
LEARNING APPROACHES FOR ROBOT SYSTEMS.........................................6
SUPERVISED LEARNING BY TEACHING............................................................................................6
LEARNING FROM DEMONSTRATION.................................................................................................6
LEARNING BY EXPLORATION..............................................................................................................6
TYPES OF ROBOT................................................................................................6
INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS:............................................................................................................................7
MOBILE ROBOTS:....................................................................................................................................7
EDUCATIONAL ROBOTS:.......................................................................................................................8
DOMESTIC ROBOTS:...............................................................................................................................8
HOUSEHOLD ROBOTS:.......................................................................................................................8
MODERN TOYS:....................................................................................................................................8
ASIMOV’S LAWS OF ROBOTICS (1942).............................................................8
THE PURPOSE OF ROBOTS................................................................................9
AREAS OF APPLICATIONS.................................................................................9
EXPLORATION:........................................................................................................................................9
MEDICAL SCIENCIES:.............................................................................................................................9
INDUSTRY:................................................................................................................................................9
MILITERY AND POLICE..........................................................................................................................9
ENTERTAINMENT:.................................................................................................................................10
ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS..............................................................................10
DISADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS........................................................................10
CONCLUSION......................................................................................................10
REFERENCES:....................................................................................................11
ROBOTIC AND ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
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WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE?
INTELLIGENCE:
A. Intelligence is the computational part of the ability to achieve goals in the
world. Varying kinds and degrees of intelligence occur in people, many animals
and some machines.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:
Artificial Intelligence is the branch of computer science that deals with writing
computer program that can solve problem creatively.
Major AI textbooks define the field as
Four Different Definitions of AI:
» acting humanly (the Turing
Test)
» thinking humanly
» thinking rationally
» acting rationally (this is the
goal of robotics)
WHAT IS A ROBOTIC AND ROBOT?
ROBOTIC:
Robotics is the study of the design, construction, and use of robots.
ROBOT:
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“A device reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move
materials, parts, tools, or other specialized devices through various programmed
motions for the performance of a variety of tasks”.
Simpler Version:-
“An automatic device that perform functions normally
Ascribed to humans or a machine in the form of humans”.
The Categories Are ….
BASIC PARTS OF ROBOT
BY COMBINING THESE FIELDS WE CAN CREAT
A SYSTEM THAT CAN:
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SENSE PLAN ACT
SENSORS COMPUTER ACTUATORS
Reads Sensors to Understand environment.
Sensors
Computes What To Do Base on Sensors.
Uses Actuators To Do It.
Computer
Actuators
MANY POSSIBLE SENSORS:
» video cameras
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» tilt sensors
» force sensors
MANY POSSIBLE ACTUATORS:
» Electric motors
» Hydraulics
» Pneumatics
LEARNING APPROACHES FOR
ROBOT SYSTEMS
The ways, by which a robot gain more information and increase the capability of
understanding, are divided into three categories such as:
SUPERVISED LEARNING BY TEACHING:
– Robots can learn from direct feedback from the user that indicates
the correct strategy
– The robot learns the exact strategy provided by the
user
LEARNING FROM DEMONSTRATION:
– Robots learn by observing a human or a robot perform the required
task
– The robot has to be able to “understand” what it
observes and map it onto its own capabilities
LEARNING BY EXPLORATION:
– Robots can learn autonomously by trying different actions and
observing their results
– The robot learns a strategy that optimizes reward
TYPES OF ROBOT
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INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS:
An industrial robot is officially defined by as an
automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose
manipulator programmable in three or more axes. The field
of robotics may be more practically defined as the study,
design and use of systems for manufacturing (a top-level
definition relying on the prior definition of robot).
That can performs industrial mechanical Tasks to increase
Efficiency and Effectiveness in production Such as:
»MATERIAL HANDLING,
»WELDING,
»INSPECTION,
»IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY,
»LABORATORY APPLICATIONS,
»PAINTING,
»IRONING,
»ASSEMBLY,
»TESTING,
»PICK AND PLACE,
Etc.
all accomplished with high endurance, speed, and precision.
MOBILE ROBOTS:
Mobile robots have the capability to
move around in their environment
and are not fixed to one physical
location. In contrast, industrial robots
usually consist of a jointed arm (multi-
linked manipulator) and gripper
assembly (or end effector) that is
attached to a fixed surface.
Mobile robots are the focus of a great
deal of current research and almost
every major university has one or
more labs that focus on mobile robot
research. Mobile robots are also
found in industry, military and security
environments.
They also appear as consumer products, for entertainm ent or to perform certain
tasks like vacuum
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Mobile that can move around on
» LAGS
» WHEELS
» TRACKS
EDUCATIONAL ROBOTS:
Robotic kits are used extensively in education such as:
» ROBOLAB,
» LEGO,
» ROBO CUP SOCCER,
DOMESTIC ROBOTS:
A domestic robot is a robot used for household chores. Thus far, there are only
a few limited models; science fiction authors have suggested that they could
become more common in the future. Domestic robot is further divided in two
categories.
HOUSEHOLD ROBOTS:
Are designed to perform household task such
as:
» WASHING,
» SWEEPING,
» SERVING,
» LAWN MOWING,
» SECURITY SERVICES,
Etc.
Vacuums the carpets in
a domestic environment
MODERN TOYS:
Are programmed to perform the some specific
functions that can fulfill the needs of children such
as:
» TALKING,
» WALKING,
» SINGING,
Etc.
ASIMOV’S LAWS OF ROBOTICS (1942)
Robotic Barbi doll
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A robot may not injure a human being.
A robot must obey orders given it by human being.
The robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does
not conflict with the first and second law.
THE PURPOSE OF ROBOTS
Performing Impossible Task
Dirty Task
Dangerous Task
Repetitive Task
Time Saving
Productivity
Cheaper Over The Long Time
Accuracy
Assistance To The Elderly And Handicapped
AREAS OF APPLICATIONS
EXPLORATION:
» EXPLORING VOLCANOES,
» UNDERWATER EXPLORATIONS,
» MINERALS EXPLORATIONS,
Etc.
MEDICAL SCIENCIES:
» SURGICIAL ASSISTANCE
Etc.
INDUSTRY:
» ASSEMBLING,
» PACKEGING,
» INTERPRETING,
Etc.
MILITERY AND POLICE:
» SNAPPING,
» BOMB DETECTING,
» PENETERATION INTO THE AREA OF
ENEMY,
Etc.
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ENTERTAINMENT:
» TALKING,
» SINGING,
» PLAYING,
Etc.
ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS
» Robots Can Work In Hazardous Environments.
» Robots Can Work Continuously Without Any Humanity Needs And
Illnesses.
» Robots Have Repeatable Precision At All Time.
» Robots Can Process Multiple Stimuli Simultaneously.
» Robots Can Be Much More Accurate Than Humans.
» Robots Replace Human Workers Who Can Create Economic Problem.
DISADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS
» NO CAPABILITY TO RISPOND IN EMERGENCIES, THIS CAN CAUSE:
» IN APPROPRIATE AND WRONG RESPOSES
» LACK OF DECISION MAING POWER
» LOSS OF POWER
» DAMAGE TO THE ROBOTE AND OTHER DEVICES
» HUMAN INJURIES
» ROBOT ARE COSTLY, DUE TO
» INITIAL COST OF EQUIPMENT
» INSTILLATION COST
» NEED FOR PARIPHERALS
» NEED FOR TRAINING
» NEED FOR PROGRAMMING
CONCLUSION
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“ROBOTS ARE AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT IN INTELLIGENT
ENVIRONMENTS BECAUSE OF AUTOMATES DEVICES, PROVIDE
PHYSICAL SERVICES”.
References:
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[Link]
[Link]/majors/robotics-and-artificial-intelligence
[Link]/articles/computers_math/artificial_intelligence
[Link]/electronicsforu/articles/[Link]?id=238
[Link]/articles/r/robotic_surgery.htm
[Link]/wiki/Robot
[Link]/robotic_radiocontroltoys
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