Basic Dimensions for 60 Degree Unified Threads

Does not take into account thread classes- use published tables for standard threads!
Warning- Initial thread data is used throughout worksheet page- enter accurate numbers!

Nominal Size 0.62992 in 25.4 tpi 60 deg

Pitch 0.03937 in 1 mm
Height of sharp V 0.034095 in 0.8660 mm

male thread- maximum material condition

Basic major diameter 0.6299 in 16.0000 mm
Minor diameter 0.5873 in 14.9174 mm
Pitch diameter 0.6043 in 15.3504 mm
Lead angle 1.19 degrees
Width of top flat 0.0049 in 0.1250 mm
Plunge depth 0.0298 in 0.7578 mm
Thread depth 0.0213 in 0.5413 mm
30 deg SP Plunge 0.0344 in

single point cutting tool geometry (Machinery's 23, pg 1670)

Nose flat width (60) 0.0098 in this is the absolute maximum!
t 1.22 deg helix angle of thread at minor diameter
t prime 1.14 deg helix angle of thread at major diameter
eff. relief angle 7 deg relief- choose wisely
a 8.2 deg
a prime 5.9 deg
b 7.1 deg
b prime 5.1 deg
n 2.1 deg

female thread (nut)

The pitch diameter of the nut must be equal to or larger than the pitch diameter of the male threa
The minor diameter of the nut must be equal to or larger than the minor diameter of the male thr
For very small/fine threads, the minor diameter (drill size) should be determined by examination

Suggested minor diameter for normal fits 0.5892 in based on 0.003

standard 3-wire method of measurement- no lead angle compensation
Best wire size 0.0227 in
Actual wire size 0.018 in
Measurement 0.6384 in Max. mtl. 0.6243 in
Pitch diameter 0.6185 in
Difference 0.0141 in PD exceeds maximum material condition if this is

correction for top rake angle on tool

Rake angle 8 deg

New tool angle 59.5159 deg
 Converter: 16 mm 0.629921 in
1 mm 25.40000 tpi

le thread, depending on class.

male thread.
nation of the tap.

in/in allowance
f this is positive!
Basic Dimensions for 60 Degree ISO Metric Threads

Warning- Initial thread data is used throughout spreadsheet- enter accurate numbers!

Nominal Size 2.36 mm angle 60 deg

Pitch 0.5 mm
Height of sharp V 0.43301 mm

male thread- maximum material condition

Basic major diameter 2.36000 mm
Pitch diameter 2.03524 mm
Minor diameter 1.81873 mm
Lead angle 4.47141 degrees
Width of top flat 0.06250 mm
Width of root 0.12500 mm
Plunge depth 0.37889 mm
Thread depth 0.27063 mm
30 deg SP Plunge 0.43750 mm

single point cutting tool geometry (Machinery's 23, pg 1670)

Nose flat width (60) 0.1250 mm this is the absolute maximum!
t 5.00 deg helix angle of thread at minor diameter
t prime 3.86 deg helix angle of thread at major diameter
eff. relief angle 7 deg relief- choose wisely
a 12.0 deg
a prime 3.1 deg
b 10.4 deg
b prime 2.7 deg
n 7.8 deg

female thread (nut)

The pitch diameter of the nut must be equal to or larger than the pitch diameter of the male threa
The minor diameter of the nut must be equal to or larger than the minor diameter of the male thr
For very small/fine threads, the minor diameter (drill size) should be determined by examination
Suggested minor diameter for normal fits 1.8258 mm based on 0.003

Standard 3-wire method of measurement- no lead angle compensation

Best wire size 0.2887 mm

Fundamental Deviations & Tolerances by Formulas

Nut Thread, D2, D1 Bolt Thread, d1, d2

G H e g h Diameter Rang
pitch EI EI es es es over
0.2 17 0 -17 0 0.99
0.25 18 0 -18 0 1.4
0.3 18 0 -18 0 2.8
0.35 19 0 -19 0 5.6
0.4 19 0 -19 0 11.2
0.45 20 0 -20 0 22.4
0.5 21 0 -56 -21 0 45
0.6 22 0 -57 -22 0 90
0.7 23 0 -58 -23 0 180
0.75 23 0 -58 -23 0
0.8 24 0 -59 -24 0 Enter mean he
1 26 0 -61 -26 0
1.25 29 0 -64 -29 0
1.5 32 0 -67 -32 0
1.75 34 0 -69 -34 0
2 37 0 -72 -37 0
2.5 43 0 -78 -43 0
3 48 0 -83 -48 0
3.5 54 0 -89 -54 0
4 59 0 -94 -59 0
4.5 65 0 -100 -65 0
5 70 0 -105 -70 0
5.5 76 0 -111 -76 0
6 81 0 -116 -81 0
 Reverse Calculator using PD (MMC)

Pitch diameter 2.19762 mm

Pitch 0.25 mm

Height of sharp V 0.21651

Basic major diameter 2.36000 mm
Minor diameter 2.08937 mm

le thread, depending on class.

male thread.
nation of the tap.
 mm/mm allowance

er Ranges Bolt PD Tolerance Grades for Mean Diameter entered at left, u

to & inc mean 3 4 5 6
1.4 1.177 25.310 31.891 40.496 50.620
2.8 1.980 27.673 34.868 44.277 55.346
5.6 3.960 29.766 37.506 47.626 59.533
11.2 7.920 31.660 39.891 50.655 63.319
22.4 15.839 33.397 42.080 53.435 66.793
45 31.749 35.008 44.110 56.012 70.015
90 63.640 36.515 46.008 58.423 73.029
180 127.279 39.277 49.489 62.843 78.554
355 252.784 41.775 52.637 66.840 83.550
42.944 54.110 68.711 85.888
ean here: 1.98 44.067 55.525 70.507 88.134
48.181 60.709 77.090 96.363
52.680 66.376 84.287 105.359
56.665 71.398 90.664 113.330
60.269 75.939 96.430 120.538
63.576 80.105 101.721 127.151
69.511 87.584 111.218 139.022
74.770 94.210 119.632 149.540
79.525 100.202 127.241 159.051
83.889 105.700 134.222 167.777
87.935 110.799 140.697 175.871
91.721 115.568 146.753 183.441
95.285 120.059 152.456 190.570
 98.660 124.311 157.855 197.319

Bolt Major Diameter Tolerances, um

4 6
0.2 34.345 54.516
0.25 41.034 65.133
0.3 47.196 74.914
0.35 52.965 84.071
0.4 58.425 92.738
0.45 63.634 101.006
0.5 68.631 108.938
0.6 78.108 123.982
0.7 87.030 138.142
0.75 91.318 144.949
0.8 95.506 151.597
1 111.416 176.850
1.25 129.814 206.054
1.5 146.976 233.295
1.75 163.179 259.014
2 178.608 283.505
2.5 207.629 329.571
3 234.736 372.596
3.5 260.351 413.256
4 284.758 451.997
4.5 308.157 489.138
5 330.696 524.914
5.5 352.490 559.508
6 373.628 593.061
r entered at left, um Nut PD Tolerance Grades
7 8 9 4 5 6 7
63.275 80.992 101.240 43.027 53.657 66.818 86.054
69.182 88.553 110.692 47.044 58.667 73.057 94.088
74.416 95.253 119.066 50.603 63.105 78.584 101.206
79.149 101.311 126.639 53.821 67.118 83.582 107.643
83.492 106.869 133.587 56.774 70.801 88.167 113.549
87.519 112.025 140.031 59.513 74.216 92.420 119.026
91.287 116.847 146.059 62.075 77.411 96.399 124.150
98.193 125.687 157.108 66.771 83.267 103.692 133.542
104.438 133.681 167.101 71.018 88.563 110.286 142.036
107.360 137.421 171.776 73.005 91.041 113.372 146.010
110.168 141.015 176.269 74.914 93.422 116.337 149.828
120.453 154.180 192.725 81.908 102.144 127.199 163.817
131.699 168.575 210.719 89.555 111.681 139.074 179.111
141.663 181.328 226.660 96.331 120.130 149.596 192.661
150.673 192.861 241.076 102.457 127.770 159.110 204.915
158.939 203.442 254.303 108.079 134.780 167.840 216.157
173.778 222.436 278.045 118.169 147.364 183.510 236.338
186.925 239.264 299.080 127.109 158.512 197.393 254.218
198.814 254.482 318.102 135.193 168.594 209.947 270.387
209.722 268.444 335.554 142.611 177.844 221.466 285.221
219.839 281.393 351.742 149.490 186.423 232.150 298.981
229.302 293.506 366.883 155.925 194.448 242.142 311.850
238.212 304.912 381.140 161.984 202.004 251.552 323.969
246.649 315.711 394.639 167.721 209.158 260.461 335.443

Nut Minor Diameter Tolerances, um

8 4 5 6 7
87.225 37.756 47.945 59.931 74.913
104.213 46.139 58.589 73.236 91.545
119.863 54.283 68.931 86.164 107.705
134.514 62.221 79.011 98.764 123.455
148.382 69.977 88.860 111.075 138.844
161.609 77.569 98.500 123.125 153.906
174.301 85.010 107.949 134.936 168.670
198.370 99.488 126.334 157.918 197.397
221.028 113.487 144.110 180.137 225.172
231.919 120.323 152.791 190.989 238.737
242.556 127.059 161.345 201.682 252.102
282.960 144.900 184.000 230.000 287.500
329.686 169.397 215.107 268.884 336.105
373.272 192.456 244.389 305.486 381.858
414.423 214.385 272.235 340.294 425.368
453.608 235.391 298.909 373.636 467.045
527.313 275.186 349.443 436.803 546.004
596.154 312.646 397.011 496.264 620.330
661.209 348.270 442.248 552.809 691.012
723.195 382.393 485.579 606.974 758.717
782.620 415.257 527.311 659.138 823.923
839.863 447.041 567.671 709.589 886.986
895.213 477.884 606.837 758.546 948.182
948.897 507.895 644.947 806.183 1007.729
 8
107.314
117.333
126.210
134.237
141.602
148.433
154.822
166.535
177.127
182.083
186.845
204.289
223.362
240.260
255.541
269.561
294.728
317.025
337.188
355.688
372.846
388.895
404.008
 418.317

8
95.889
117.178
137.862
158.023
177.720
196.999
215.898
252.669
288.220
305.583
322.691
368.000
430.214
488.778
544.471
597.818
698.885
794.022
884.495
971.158
1054.621
1135.342
1213.673
1289.893
Build-down of thread system from outer wall dimensions
Outside dim of nut (min) 3.4 mm
Minimum wall thickness 0.15 mm
Max root of nut 3.1 mm
Pitch 0.5 mm
H 0.433013 mm
Max PD of nut 2.77525 mm
Max crest of nut (not really) 2.55875 mm
PD tolerance range allotted to nut 0.01 mm
PD tolerance range allotted to screw 0.025 mm
Max PD of screw 2.74025 mm
Min PD of screw 2.71525 mm
Cutting Speeds

Lathe spindle speed 4150 RPM Material

Work diameter 5 in
Surface speed 5432.34 SFPM Steel, tough
Steel, mild
Steel, alloy
Steel, carbon
Steel, free cutting
Steel, leaded
Steel, stainless
Typically you can run cast alloy tools (Stellite, Cast iron
Blackalloy 525 and Tantung) at about 2X the
Bronzes
speed of HSS. Carbide can run at up to 10X
the speed of HSS. Brass
Aluminum
Don’t use carbide with aluminum based
coatings on aluminum and run them fast
enough on steel to generate the necessary
heat for the coating to work. Use the sharpest
(possibly uncoated) carbide tools for
aluminum. You will almost always benefit from
some positive rake.
HSS carbide cast alloy

50-60 100-120
100-125 200-250
65-120 130-240
70-130 140-260
115-225 230-450
300 600
75-130 150-260
60-80 120-160
80-150 160-300
600+ 1200+
250-350 500-700
30 Degree Trapezoidal Metric Threads (or any other angle)

Included angle 30 deg

Pitch 1 mm 0.0394 in
Basic OD 5.5 mm 0.2165 in
Clearance on crest 0.075 mm 0.0030 in

Thread depth 0.5750 mm 0.0226 in

Minor diameter 4.3500 mm 0.1713 in
Pitch diameter 5.0000 mm 0.1969 in
Width of flat at crest 0.3660 mm 0.0144 in
Width of flat at root 0.3258 mm 0.0128 in
Angled feed amount 0.5953 mm 0.0234 in

Grind tool to included angle and feed straight in the

amount of the thread depth, or set the compound to 1/2
the included angle and feed in the angled feed amount.
Logan 11" Lathe Changegears for Figures I, II and III change things in RED only, formulas in BLUE

Leadscrew 8 tpi 0.125000 pitch

Screw Constant 8 tpi Permanent tumbler gears are 1:1 so this equals the leadscrew.

Required Thread 36 tpi 0.027778 pitch 0.705556 mm metric

Trial Factor 3 Choose this for sensible stud gear size.

Transfer 1 18 teeth For no transfer gears, "figure I", enter same value for each.
Transfer 2 54 teeth 18/54 combination is normal for "figure II".
Transfer Ratio A 0.333333

Transfer 3 1 teeth This is for "figure III" where the transfers are doubled and
Transfer 4 1 teeth reversed- use 18/54 here and 24/48 above. For no transfer
Transfer Ratio B 1 gears, enter the same value for each, say 1 and 1.

Stud Gear 24 teeth Actual stud gear 24

Leadscrew Gear 36 teeth Actual leadscrew gear 36

Available gears 16 48 (2) 37 Actual tpi for odd threads 36

18 52 47 % error 0.000
24 (2) 54 100
32 (2) 56 Pitch 0.027778
36 60 Pitch 0.705556
40 64
44 68 (diy)
46 72
Threading Dial

If TPI is divisible by 8 thread dial isn't needed- engage anywhere!

If TPI is even use any mark on the thread dial
If TPI is odd use only the numbers
If TPI is a 1/2 TPI like 11.5 use only the same number
If TPI is a 1/4 TPI or metric keep half nuts engaged and reverse spindle

Metric Threading
use 37/47 for approximate or 100/127 for exact.
can also use 63/40 and a factor of two elsewhere but a 40:1 dividing head won't do 63.

Gear Design for Logan

DP 16 Logan is typically 16
pressure angle 14.5 deg Logan and most older gears are 14.5 degree pressure angle. (this is used for
N 18 teeth
OD of blank 1.2500 in
tooth thickness on pl 0.0982 in
pitch diameter 1.1250 in
pitch radius 0.5625 in
min total depth 0.1348 in

Measurement across several teeth:

spaces 4
factor 0.01109 use 0.01109 for 14.5, 0.0298 for 20, 0.04303 for 22.5 pressure angles
result 0.8615 in
From a forum post:

Mic OD
Count teeth
Add TWO to that count
Divide sum by OD
Example:
2.010" OD
32 teeth
34 divided by 2.010 = 16.91 DP
A 20DP 32 tooth gear will be 1.700 OD
 change things in RED only, formulas in BLUE

manent tumbler gears are 1:1 so this equals the leadscrew.

no transfer gears, "figure I", enter same value for each.

is for "figure III" where the transfers are doubled and

rsed- use 18/54 here and 24/48 above. For no transfer
s, enter the same value for each, say 1 and 1.

inches
mm
t older gears are 14.5 degree pressure angle. (this is used for the measurement across teeth below)

14.5, 0.0298 for 20, 0.04303 for 22.5 pressure angles

Sherline Metric Lathe Change Gears change only numbers in red, results from formulas are in blue, reference data in purple.

Leadscrew pitch 1 mm Metric version lathe is 1mm Sherline gears: 3rd Party gears
56 pitch 24 pitch 56 pitch 24 pitch
Required thread pitch 0.75 mm 33.87 tpi A, B C, D, E A, B C, D, E
50 20 16
Ratio multiplier 100 Scale factor- typically 50 or 100 for Sherline 100 22 25
127 24 60
"C" gear 24 teeth 26
"B" gear 100 teeth Usually 100 for Sherline 28
Transfer ratio 0.24 inverse 4.166666667 30
32
"A" spindle gear 100 teeth Actual spindle gear 100 teeth 34
"D" leadscrew gear 32 teeth Actual leadscrew gear 32 teeth 36
38
Note that the "E" gear can be anything convenient Actual pitch 0.75 mm 40
"D" cannot exceed 3" in diameter if "C" is 20t % error 0.00 %

Ultra fine thread arrangement:

For ultra fine pitches the "E" gear is doubled up to provide reduction,
just like the C/B combination. Extra spacers and bushing will be needed.
This routine calculates the pitch for various gears of your choosing.

A 50 teeth 50 50 50 50
B 100 teeth 100 100 100 100
C 24 teeth 24 24 24 24
D (outboard) 40 teeth 60 60 60 40
E1 (inboard) 40 teeth 40 40 40 40
E2 (outboard) 34 teeth 20 24 32 34

Pitch 0.255 mm 0.1 0.12 0.16 0.255

Leadscrew M 51 1 3 4 51
# of threads 200 10 25 25 200
threads/turn 3.9216 10 8.3333 6.25 3.9216

If you disengage the leadscrew, it may be turned by any multiple of

"Leadscrew M", then re-engaged, to pick up the thread and do multiple
cutting passes.

Gear Design for Sherline

DP 60 59.27
pressure angle 20 deg
N 40 teeth
OD of blank 0.7000 in 17.7800 mm
tooth thickness on pl 0.0262 in 0.6650 mm
pitch diameter 0.6667 in 16.9333 mm
pitch radius 0.3333 in 8.4667 mm
min total depth 0.0360 in 0.9131 mm
english module 0.0167

Measurement across several teeth:

spaces 2
factor #VALUE! This factor is 2X INV(pressure angle) from above pressure angle
result #VALUE! in (got .2396" for plastic gear that shrunk a bit- better photo is .13424)
General Metric Module Spur Gear Design Note that this worksheet has a vba macro for calculating the involute function and its inverse (INV and IINV).

Designing standard module gears is easy because you pick the module and all other dimensions fall into place with simple formulas. There are some
minor differences in tooth dimension standards. Here we use the practice of US gear cutter makers where clearance = 0.157 * module. The problem
arises when reverse engineering an existing gear system because it may not be a standard module and may use a profile shift. It may take a certain
amount of trial and error to come up with a shift that gives the correct OD and center to center distance, if they can be achieved at all.

Standard Metric Gear Module with PD Known Module Derived from Center to Center Distance
this only works for non-shifted standard gears
N 40 teeth c-c distance 11.185 mm
pitch diameter 17.22 mm N1 10 teeth PD 4.4740 mm OD 5.3688 mm
module 0.4305 mm 59.0012 DP N2 40 teeth PD 17.8960 mm OD 18.7908 mm
module 0.4474 mm
DP 56.7725

Standard Metric Gear Design with Module Known Standard Metric Gear Module with OD Known (risky business!)

N 40 teeth N 40 teeth
module 0.4305 mm 59.0012 DP OD 17.85 mm
pressure angle 15 deg module 0.4250 mm 59.7647 DP
OD 18.0810 mm
pitch diameter 17.2200 mm
root diameter 16.1438 mm
circular pitch 1.3525 mm Center to Center Distance for Two Standard Gears
base diameter 16.6332 mm
addendum 0.4305 mm N1, N2 10 teeth 40 teeth
dedendum 0.4981 mm module 0.425 mm
working depth 0.8610 mm ` c-c distance 10.6250 mm
total tooth depth 0.9286 mm
tooth width at PD 0.6762 mm

Profile Shifted Spur Gears Inverse Formulas for Routine at Left

enter shift coefficients from right, or zero use this to determine shift coefficients
pinion gear pinion gear
module 0.4305 59.0012 DP c-c distance 11.185 mm
N1, N2 10 40 teeth c-c mod coefficient 0.9814
pressure angle 15 deg working press angle 0.3779 rad 21.6524 deg
shift coefficients 0 0 sum of shift coefficients #VALUE!
involute a working #VALUE! shift coefficients 0.6 #VALUE!
working press angle #VALUE! rad #VALUE! deg
c-c mod coefficient #VALUE!
c-c distance calc #VALUE! mm
reference dia 4.3050 17.2200mm
base dia 4.1583 16.6332mm
working pitch dia #VALUE! #VALUE! mm
addendum #VALUE! #VALUE! mm
tooth depth #VALUE! mm
tip dia #VALUE! #VALUE! mm
root dia #VALUE! #VALUE! mm

Measurement Over N Spaces

may only be good for non-shifted gears
module 0.4305 mm 59.0012 DP
N 40 teeth
spaces 3
pressure angle 15 deg
pitch diameter 17.22
tooth width 0.6762 mm
factor #VALUE!
result #VALUE! mm #VALUE! in
mm Pitch Stud Transpose1 Transpose2 Compound1 Compound2 Screw
inboard outboard outboard inboard

0.20 16 47 37 60 18 60
0.25 16 47 37 60 24 64
0.30 18 47 37 40 16 60
0.35 16 47 37 50 28 64
0.40 16 47 37 40 24 60
0.45 24 47 37 40 18 60
0.50 24 47 37 64 32 60
0.60 18 47 37 40 32 60
0.65 18 47 37 60 52 60
0.70 28 47 37 40 24 60
0.75 18 47 37 1 1 60
0.80 24 47 37 40 32 60
0.90 18 47 37 60 48 40
1.00 24 47 37 1 1 60
1.20 48 47 37 40 24 60
1.25 18 47 37 1 1 36
1.30 24 47 37 40 52 60
1.40 24 47 37 40 56 60
1.50 36 47 37 1 1 60
1.75 56 47 37 40 32 64
2.00 48 47 37 1 1 60
2.25 36 47 37 1 1 40
2.50 48 47 37 1 1 48
2.75 44 47 37 1 1 40
3.00 48 47 37 60 48 32
3.50 54 47 37 60 56 36
4.00 48 47 37 60 48 24
For Logan and Similar Lathes with a QC Gearbox Leadscrew 8
Transpose1 100
Transpose2 127
These numbers are from the Logan factory literature The numbers below back calculate the TPI
for lathes with a quick change threading gearbox. MM and show you both the external gear ratios
Pitch = (40/QCTPI)*(Stud/QCGear) and the QC gearbox ratio. Note that you can
Drive the transposing pair from the stud gear. change the transposing pair above to see the
error with 37/47 or 80/63.

mm Pitch Stud Gearbox QC TPI Ext. ratio QC ratio Product

0.20 48 60 160 0.8 0.1 0.08

0.25 48 60 128 0.8 0.125 0.1
0.30 72 60 160 1.2 0.1 0.12
0.35 42 60 80 0.7 0.2 0.14
0.40 48 60 80 0.8 0.2 0.16
0.45 54 60 80 0.9 0.2 0.18
0.50 48 60 64 0.8 0.25 0.2
0.60 72 60 80 1.2 0.2 0.24
0.65 39 60 40 0.65 0.4 0.26
0.70 42 60 40 0.7 0.4 0.28
0.75 72 60 64 1.2 0.25 0.3
0.80 48 60 40 0.8 0.4 0.32
0.90 54 60 40 0.9 0.4 0.36
1.00 48 60 32 0.8 0.5 0.4
1.20 72 60 40 1.2 0.4 0.48
1.25 60 60 32 1 0.5 0.5
1.30 39 60 20 0.65 0.8 0.52
1.40 42 60 20 0.7 0.8 0.56
1.50 72 60 32 1.2 0.5 0.6
1.75 42 60 16 0.7 1 0.7
2.00 48 60 16 0.8 1 0.8
2.25 54 60 16 0.9 1 0.9
2.50 60 60 16 1 1 1
2.75 66 60 16 1.1 1 1.1
3.00 72 60 16 1.2 1 1.2
3.50 42 60 8 0.7 2 1.4
4.00 48 60 8 0.8 2 1.6
4.50 54 60 8 0.9 2 1.8
5.00 60 60 8 1 2 2
5.50 66 60 8 1.1 2 2.2
6.00 72 60 8 1.2 2 2.4
 TPI 3.175 mm pitch

2.5 mm virtual pitch

ack calculate the TPI
e external gear ratios
atio. Note that you can
ng pair above to see the
63.

TPI

0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
0.500
0.600
0.650
0.700
0.750
0.800
0.900
1.000
1.200
1.250
1.300
1.400
1.500
1.750
2.000
2.250
2.500
2.750
3.000
3.500
4.000
4.500
5.000
5.500
6.000
Gear Selector for Fine Pitch Metric Threads on the Logan Changegear Lathe

1) Enter the desired pitch. We assume that 37/47 or 100/127 gear packs are already installed.
2) Select a gear pair from the table that produces the correct ratio. Install as the stud gear and leadscrew gear.
3) If a simple ratio is impossible, select two gear pairs, one for each of the new 1st and 2nd ratios. Some fractional multiplier may be needed.
4) Install one pair as the stud and outer of the pack nearest the leadscrew, the other pair as the inner of the pack, and the leadscrew gear.
Warning- Especially with the finer threads, many combinations can't be physically installed and engage properly. Experimentation required!

Logical Special Alt.

Enter desired pitch 0.35 mm ratio multipliers 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2.5 1
Needed ratio 0.14 new 1st ratio 0.280 0.420 0.560 0.700 0.840 0.980 1.120 1.260 0.350 0.140
new 2nd ratio 0.500 0.333 0.250 0.200 0.167 0.143 0.125 0.111 0.400 1
test numerators 24 28 0.28
test denom. 60 40 Use of special compound gear selection program recommended for difficult pitches.
test ratios 0.4 0.7

Standard Gears Special Gears

16 18 24 32 36 40 44 46 48 52 54 56 60 64 72 68 50 28 100
16 1.0000 1.1250 1.5000 2.0000 2.2500 2.5000 2.7500 2.8750 3.0000 3.2500 3.3750 3.5000 3.7500 4.0000 4.5000 4.2500 3.1250 1.7500 6.2500
18 0.8889 1.0000 1.3333 1.7778 2.0000 2.2222 2.4444 2.5556 2.6667 2.8889 3.0000 3.1111 3.3333 3.5556 4.0000 3.7778 2.7778 1.5556 5.5556
24 0.6667 0.7500 1.0000 1.3333 1.5000 1.6667 1.8333 1.9167 2.0000 2.1667 2.2500 2.3333 2.5000 2.6667 3.0000 2.8333 2.0833 1.1667 4.1667
32 0.5000 0.5625 0.7500 1.0000 1.1250 1.2500 1.3750 1.4375 1.5000 1.6250 1.6875 1.7500 1.8750 2.0000 2.2500 2.1250 1.5625 0.8750 3.1250
36 0.4444 0.5000 0.6667 0.8889 1.0000 1.1111 1.2222 1.2778 1.3333 1.4444 1.5000 1.5556 1.6667 1.7778 2.0000 1.8889 1.3889 0.7778 2.7778
40 0.4000 0.4500 0.6000 0.8000 0.9000 1.0000 1.1000 1.1500 1.2000 1.3000 1.3500 1.4000 1.5000 1.6000 1.8000 1.7000 1.2500 0.7000 2.5000
44 0.3636 0.4091 0.5455 0.7273 0.8182 0.9091 1.0000 1.0455 1.0909 1.1818 1.2273 1.2727 1.3636 1.4545 1.6364 1.5455 1.1364 0.6364 2.2727
46 0.3478 0.3913 0.5217 0.6957 0.7826 0.8696 0.9565 1.0000 1.0435 1.1304 1.1739 1.2174 1.3043 1.3913 1.5652 1.4783 1.0870 0.6087 2.1739
48 0.3333 0.3750 0.5000 0.6667 0.7500 0.8333 0.9167 0.9583 1.0000 1.0833 1.1250 1.1667 1.2500 1.3333 1.5000 1.4167 1.0417 0.5833 2.0833
52 0.3077 0.3462 0.4615 0.6154 0.6923 0.7692 0.8462 0.8846 0.9231 1.0000 1.0385 1.0769 1.1538 1.2308 1.3846 1.3077 0.9615 0.5385 1.9231
54 0.2963 0.3333 0.4444 0.5926 0.6667 0.7407 0.8148 0.8519 0.8889 0.9630 1.0000 1.0370 1.1111 1.1852 1.3333 1.2593 0.9259 0.5185 1.8519
56 0.2857 0.3214 0.4286 0.5714 0.6429 0.7143 0.7857 0.8214 0.8571 0.9286 0.9643 1.0000 1.0714 1.1429 1.2857 1.2143 0.8929 0.5000 1.7857
60 0.2667 0.3000 0.4000 0.5333 0.6000 0.6667 0.7333 0.7667 0.8000 0.8667 0.9000 0.9333 1.0000 1.0667 1.2000 1.1333 0.8333 0.4667 1.6667
64 0.2500 0.2813 0.3750 0.5000 0.5625 0.6250 0.6875 0.7188 0.7500 0.8125 0.8438 0.8750 0.9375 1.0000 1.1250 1.0625 0.7813 0.4375 1.5625
72 0.2222 0.2500 0.3333 0.4444 0.5000 0.5556 0.6111 0.6389 0.6667 0.7222 0.7500 0.7778 0.8333 0.8889 1.0000 0.9444 0.6944 0.3889 1.3889
68 0.2353 0.2647 0.3529 0.4706 0.5294 0.5882 0.6471 0.6765 0.7059 0.7647 0.7941 0.8235 0.8824 0.9412 1.0588 1.0000 0.7353 0.4118 1.4706
50 0.3200 0.3600 0.4800 0.6400 0.7200 0.8000 0.8800 0.9200 0.9600 1.0400 1.0800 1.1200 1.2000 1.2800 1.4400 1.3600 1.0000 0.5600 2.0000
28 0.5714 0.6429 0.8571 1.1429 1.2857 1.4286 1.5714 1.6429 1.7143 1.8571 1.9286 2.0000 2.1429 2.2857 2.5714 2.4286 1.7857 1.0000 3.5714
100 0.1600 0.1800 0.2400 0.3200 0.3600 0.4000 0.4400 0.4600 0.4800 0.5200 0.5400 0.5600 0.6000 0.6400 0.7200 0.6800 0.5000 0.2800 1.0000

More explanation:
The Logan leadscrew is 8 TPI, or 3.175 mm pitch. When you install a 100/127 pair the ratio is less than one so you are turning the leadscrew slower and
increasing the threads per mm that are cut, i.e., decreasing the pitch. The pitch is divided by 1.27, giving an effective leadscrew pitch of 2.5 mm per thread.
With the 100/127 gears in place you can simply think of the lathe as having a 2.5 mm pitch leadscrew. Thus the 2.5 factor in cell F11 of this spreadsheet.

If you're using the 37/47 gears, the correct number would be 2.499468, but this would just confuse things because none of the results would come out even.
The error between the 100/127 and 37/47 gear pairs is about 0.02%, insignificant for most purposes. It might matter for long engagements, but there are
other sources of pitch error that would also have to be considered before attempting such ill-considered designs.
Gear Selector for Inch Threads on the Logan Changegear Lathe

1) Enter the desired pitch. We assume an 8 TPI leadscrew (can change in cell F11).
2) Select a gear pair from the table that produces the correct ratio. Install as the stud gear and leadscrew gear.
3) If a simple ratio is impossible, select two gear pairs, one for each of the new 1st and 2nd ratios. Some fractional multiplier may be needed.
4) Install one pair as the stud and outer of the pack nearest the leadscrew, the other pair as the inner of the pack, and the leadscrew gear.
Warning- Especially with the finer threads, many combinations can't be physically installed and engage properly. Experimentation required!

Integer Fractional
Enter desired TPI 8.47 TPI ratio multipliers 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2.5
Needed ratio 0.9445 new 1st ratio 1.889 2.8335 3.778 4.7226 5.6671 6.6116 7.5561 8.5006 2.3613
new 2nd ratio 0.5 0.3333 0.25 0.2 0.1667 0.1429 0.125 0.1111 0.4
test numerators 1 68 0.9444
test denom. 1 72
test ratios 1 0.9444

Standard Gears Special Gears

16 18 24 32 36 40 44 46 48 52 54 56 60 64 72 68 50 28 100
16 1.0000 1.1250 1.5000 2.0000 2.2500 2.5000 2.7500 2.8750 3.0000 3.2500 3.3750 3.5000 3.7500 4.0000 4.5000 4.2500 3.1250 1.7500 6.2500
18 0.8889 1.0000 1.3333 1.7778 2.0000 2.2222 2.4444 2.5556 2.6667 2.8889 3.0000 3.1111 3.3333 3.5556 4.0000 3.7778 2.7778 1.5556 5.5556
24 0.6667 0.7500 1.0000 1.3333 1.5000 1.6667 1.8333 1.9167 2.0000 2.1667 2.2500 2.3333 2.5000 2.6667 3.0000 2.8333 2.0833 1.1667 4.1667
32 0.5000 0.5625 0.7500 1.0000 1.1250 1.2500 1.3750 1.4375 1.5000 1.6250 1.6875 1.7500 1.8750 2.0000 2.2500 2.1250 1.5625 0.8750 3.1250
36 0.4444 0.5000 0.6667 0.8889 1.0000 1.1111 1.2222 1.2778 1.3333 1.4444 1.5000 1.5556 1.6667 1.7778 2.0000 1.8889 1.3889 0.7778 2.7778
40 0.4000 0.4500 0.6000 0.8000 0.9000 1.0000 1.1000 1.1500 1.2000 1.3000 1.3500 1.4000 1.5000 1.6000 1.8000 1.7000 1.2500 0.7000 2.5000
44 0.3636 0.4091 0.5455 0.7273 0.8182 0.9091 1.0000 1.0455 1.0909 1.1818 1.2273 1.2727 1.3636 1.4545 1.6364 1.5455 1.1364 0.6364 2.2727
46 0.3478 0.3913 0.5217 0.6957 0.7826 0.8696 0.9565 1.0000 1.0435 1.1304 1.1739 1.2174 1.3043 1.3913 1.5652 1.4783 1.0870 0.6087 2.1739
48 0.3333 0.3750 0.5000 0.6667 0.7500 0.8333 0.9167 0.9583 1.0000 1.0833 1.1250 1.1667 1.2500 1.3333 1.5000 1.4167 1.0417 0.5833 2.0833
52 0.3077 0.3462 0.4615 0.6154 0.6923 0.7692 0.8462 0.8846 0.9231 1.0000 1.0385 1.0769 1.1538 1.2308 1.3846 1.3077 0.9615 0.5385 1.9231
54 0.2963 0.3333 0.4444 0.5926 0.6667 0.7407 0.8148 0.8519 0.8889 0.9630 1.0000 1.0370 1.1111 1.1852 1.3333 1.2593 0.9259 0.5185 1.8519
56 0.2857 0.3214 0.4286 0.5714 0.6429 0.7143 0.7857 0.8214 0.8571 0.9286 0.9643 1.0000 1.0714 1.1429 1.2857 1.2143 0.8929 0.5000 1.7857
60 0.2667 0.3000 0.4000 0.5333 0.6000 0.6667 0.7333 0.7667 0.8000 0.8667 0.9000 0.9333 1.0000 1.0667 1.2000 1.1333 0.8333 0.4667 1.6667
64 0.2500 0.2813 0.3750 0.5000 0.5625 0.6250 0.6875 0.7188 0.7500 0.8125 0.8438 0.8750 0.9375 1.0000 1.1250 1.0625 0.7813 0.4375 1.5625
72 0.2222 0.2500 0.3333 0.4444 0.5000 0.5556 0.6111 0.6389 0.6667 0.7222 0.7500 0.7778 0.8333 0.8889 1.0000 0.9444 0.6944 0.3889 1.3889
68 0.2353 0.2647 0.3529 0.4706 0.5294 0.5882 0.6471 0.6765 0.7059 0.7647 0.7941 0.8235 0.8824 0.9412 1.0588 1.0000 0.7353 0.4118 1.4706
50 0.3200 0.3600 0.4800 0.6400 0.7200 0.8000 0.8800 0.9200 0.9600 1.0400 1.0800 1.1200 1.2000 1.2800 1.4400 1.3600 1.0000 0.5600 2.0000
28 0.5714 0.6429 0.8571 1.1429 1.2857 1.4286 1.5714 1.6429 1.7143 1.8571 1.9286 2.0000 2.1429 2.2857 2.5714 2.4286 1.7857 1.0000 3.5714
100 0.1600 0.1800 0.2400 0.3200 0.3600 0.4000 0.4400 0.4600 0.4800 0.5200 0.5400 0.5600 0.6000 0.6400 0.7200 0.6800 0.5000 0.2800 1.0000
Semi-Universal Dividing Head
Choose any who
increment value
Main ratio 40 :1

Dividing plates Desired division 6 parts

Crank turns 6 turns
plus
holes deg in deg out division tot. holes # of holes

15 24 0.6 600 100 10

16 22.5 0.5625 640 106.6667 10.66667
17 21.17647 0.529412 680 113.3333 11.33333
18 20 0.5 720 120 12
19 18.94737 0.473684 760 126.6667 12.66667
20 18 0.45 800 133.3333 13.33333

21 17.14286 0.428571 840 140 14

23 15.65217 0.391304 920 153.3333 15.33333
27 13.33333 0.333333 1080 180 18
29 12.41379 0.310345 1160 193.3333 19.33333
31 11.6129 0.290323 1240 206.6667 20.66667
33 10.90909 0.272727 1320 220 22

37 9.72973 0.243243 1480 246.6667 24.66667

39 9.230769 0.230769 1560 260 26
41 8.780488 0.219512 1640 273.3333 27.33333
43 8.372093 0.209302 1720 286.6667 28.66667
47 7.659574 0.191489 1880 313.3333 31.33333
49 7.346939 0.183673 1960 326.6667 32.66667

54 6.666667 0.166667 2160 360 36 user fab.

63 5.714286 0.142857 2520 420 42 user fab.
Choose any whole number
increment value (holes to turn).

60 deg Cannot do:

51 83
53 87
57 89
59 91
61 93
63 96
67 97
69 99
71
73
77
79
81
Knurling

Knurling should reproduce the knurl pattern around the part at the same spacing as the knurl. The knurl engages
the part very much like gears engage. There will be a series of optimum part diameters for a given diametrical
pitch knurl to give best quality. Though there is some flexibility in the diameter of the part, unsuitable part
diameters will lead to double tracking of the knurl and a poor pattern. If the knurl spacing on the part doesn't
match the knurl then double tracking has occured. Use this spreadsheet to choose optimum part diameters for
specific knurls. Most instructions state that some experimentation will be required.

Number of lines or cycles around the knurling tool 50

Nominal diameter of knurl 0.75 in
Diametrical pitch of knurl 66.6667
Circular pitch on nominal diameter of knurl 0.0471 in 1.1969 mm

Blank diameter increments 0.0150 in

Desired blank diameter 1.485 in

Division remainder 0.000 in

Plus 1 line/cycle blank diameter 1.500 in

Nominal blank diameter 1.485 in
Minus 1 line/cycle blank diameter 1.470 in
Minus 2 line/cycle blank diameter 1.455 in

Remember that the part diameter will grow with knurling, so you may want to choose one of the smaller blank
diameters calculated above.

You can also ink the (clean) knurl on a stamp pad and roll it down a piece of paper or just make an impression.
Count lines and measure with verniers. Use the calculations below.

Number of lines/cycles 75
Distance over pattern of lines/cycles 3.535 in
Circular pitch 0.0471 in 1.1972 mm
Diametrical pitch 66.6533

Blank diameter increments 0.0150 in

Desired blank diameter 0.625 in

Division remainder 0.0099 in

Plus 1 line/cycle blank diameter 0.630 in

Nominal blank diameter 0.615 in
Minus 1 line/cycle blank diameter 0.600 in
Minus 2 line/cycle blank diameter 0.585 in
nurl. The knurl engages Knurl Reference Data Scratchpad
r a given diametrical
unsuitable part Eagle Rock Tech.
on the part doesn't P3-EL21
um part diameters for .75 OD
.25 ID
.375 thickness
50 teeth

of the smaller blank

make an impression.
Cylinderical Square Dimensions

Check the square:

Upper ring diameter 0.992 in
Lower ring diameter 0.9922 in
Difference per side 0.0001 in
Length, ctr-ctr on rings 2.62 in
Error 0.0022 degrees
0.1312 arc-min
7.9 arc-sec

Use the square:

Gap at top or bottom 0.001 in
Height 2.62 in
Angle 0.0219 deg
1.3121 arc-min
78.7 arc-sec