FRACTURE
FIXATION
A typical bicondylar fracture in which a wiring technique is used.
The wire is led by a surgical needle to attach the fragments
1a
External fixators (left) are used to hold pins which have
been inserted through the fracture fragments. Or pins and
screws may be inserted alone (right). From Radin.
1b
1
External Fixations
1c
Percutaneous fixation
of scaphoid fracture
Fractures of the wrist with a Herbert screw
and hand
Internal Fixations
1d
Internal Fixations (cont.)
1e
2
Screwdrivers for fracture fixation
Two variations in screw threads
From Park and Lakes.
2
Various for bone plates.
3
Compression of
fracture site
through use of a
dynamic plate
either equipped
with a jack (top) or
through the
seating of screws
(bottom).
From Park and Lakes.
3
Variation in bending moment for various designs
of bone plates. From Park and Lakes.
5
Bone plate positioning and normal loading
modes for various fractures. From Radin.
Single Plate
Double Plate Plate for a Spiral Fracture
6
Fixation of an orbital fracture with a titanium mesh.
From Mermer and Orban.
4
Fixation of a metaphysial
fracture through a highly
cancellous region with a
combination of plates,
bolts, and screws.
From Park and Lakes.
Femoral and tibial nails.
9a
Variations in cross-sectional geometries for hip nails.
From Park and Lakes.
9b
5
Hip nail for fixation of femoral
(intertrochanteric) fractures. From Park and Lakes.
10
Intramedullary rods are used
for internal fixation of long
bone fractures and may be
designed for insertion from
either the proximal or distal
ends.
From Park and Lakes.
11a
Intramedullary nailing of a
broken femur under fluoroscopy
11b
6
Examples of cross-sectional geometries of
intramedullary rods. From Radin.
12
Natural tissue bone grafts
(bottom) and calcium phosphate
bone substitutes (right).
13
Grafton is demineralized bone matrix available in
gel or fabric form.
14
7
Drawings of dental implants showing their integration
with the jaw bone. From Radin (left) and Park (right).
15
JOINT
REPLACEMENTS
Anatomy and cartilage
contact surface of the hip.
From Park and Lakes.
16
8
surgical procedure
Hip Joint Replacement (THR)
17
Various designs for total hip arthroplasty. From left: Ball and
Socket, Double Cup, Trunion, Retained Ball and Socket.
From Park and Lakes.
18
Various methods of
hip stem fixation.
From Park and Lakes.
19
9
Theoretical variation in fixation strength due to resorbable
cement and bone ingrowth. From Park and Lakes.
20
Difference in variation of fixation strength in cemented stems
with and without resorbable particles within the cement.
Based on implantation study in dogs. From Park and Lakes. 21
Stresses on the surface of a femoral stem with and
without an implant in place. From Park and Lakes.
22
10
Typical design of a hip implant without a proximal lip.
From Park and Lakes.
23
Typical design of a press-fit Typical design of a cemented
hip implant with a proximal lip. hip stem with a proximal lip.
From Park and Lakes.
24
Typical design of a hip stem Typical design of a hip
with porous coating limited to implant with full porous
the proximal region. coating layer.
From Park and Lakes.
25
11
Knee Replacement
Anatomy of the knee.
From Park and Lakes.
26
surgical
procedure
Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
27
Designs of various
knee implants.
From Park and Lakes.
28
12
Designs of various
congruent (top) and
incongruent (bottom)
ankle implants.
From Park and Lakes.
29
Anatomy of the shoulder. From Park and Lakes.
30
Shoulder Joint Replacement 31
13
Patent 4693723
Shoulder
prosthesis
Three designs of
shoulder implants.
From Park and Lakes.
32
Various designs of
wrist implants.
From Park and Lakes.
33
Finger implants
34
14
Patent 4011603
Finger joint implant
Various designs of finger implants.
From Park and Lakes.
35
15
