Functions 2

Variable speed drives

for asynchronous motors
Altivar 31

Summary of functions
563712

Drive factory setting

1 Presentation page 60270/3

Functions of the display and keys

Presentation page 60270/3
Remote display terminal option page 60270/4
Menu access levels page 60270/4
Menu access code page 60270/4
2 Application functions
Operating speed range page 60270/4
Acceleration and deceleration ramp times page 60270/4
Acceleration and deceleration ramp profile page 60270/5
PowerSuite for PC welcome screen Ramp switching page 60270/5
Automatic adaptation of deceleration ramp page 60270/6
3 Voltage/frequency ratio page 60270/6
Auto-tuning page 60270/6
Switching frequency, noise reduction page 60270/6
Skip frequencies page 60270/7
Speed reference page 60270/7
Analog inputs page 60270/7
Preset speeds page 60270/7
4 +/- speed page 60270/8
Save reference page 60270/8
Jog operation page 60270/9
Control and reference channels page 60270/9
Reference switching page 60270/9
Summing inputs page 60270/9

5 PI regulator
Current limit switching
page 60270/10
page 60270/10
Limiting low speed operating time page 60270/10
Motor switching page 60270/10
Control mode switching page 60270/11
2-wire control page 60270/11
3-wire control page 60270/11

6 Forced local mode

Freewheel stop
page 60270/11
page 60270/11
Fast stop page 60270/11
DC injection stop page 60270/11
Brake control page 60270/12
Management of limit switch page 60270/12
Monitoring page 60270/12
7 Fault management
Fault reset
page 60270/13
page 60270/13
General reset (disables all faults) page 60270/13
Controlled stop on loss of line supply page 60270/13
Stop mode in the event of a fault page 60270/13
Automatic catching of a spinning load with speed detection page 60270/14
Automatic restart page 60270/14
8 Derated operation in the event of an undervoltage page 60270/14
Fault relay, unlocking page 60270/14
Operating time reset to zero page 60270/14
Motor thermal protection page 60270/15
Drive thermal protection page 60270/15
R1, R2 relay configuration page 60270/15
AOC/AOV analog outputs page 60270/16
9 Saving and retrieving the configuration page 60270/16

Spooling functions
Traverse Control page 60270/17
Counter Wobble page 60270/18

Compatibility of functions
10 Function compatibility table page 60270/19

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2 60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd
Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors
Altivar 31

Drive factory setting

The drive is supplied ready for use in most applications, with the following functions
and settings:
1
b Nominal motor frequency: 50 Hz
b Motor voltage: 230 V (ATV 31HpppM2 and M3X), 400 V (ATV 31HpppN4) or
600 V (ATV 31HpppS6X)
b Linear ramp times: 3 seconds
b Low speed (LSP): 0 Hz, high speed (HSP): 50 Hz
b Normal stop mode on deceleration ramp
b Stop mode in the event of a fault: Freewheel 2
b Motor thermal current = nominal drive current
b Standstill injection braking current = 0.7 x nominal drive current, for 0.5 seconds
b Constant torque operation, with sensorless flux vector control
b Logic inputs:
v 2 directions of operation (LI1, LI2), 2-wire control
v 4 preset speeds (LI3, LI4): LSP (low speed), 10 Hz, 15 Hz, 20 Hz
b Analog inputs: 3
v AI1 speed reference (0 +10 V)
v AI2 (0 ± 10 V) summing of AI1
v AI3 (4-20 mA) not configured
b Relay R1: fault relay
b Relay R2: not assigned
b Analog output AOC: 0-20 mA, image of the motor frequency
b Automatic adaptation of the deceleration ramp in the event of excessive braking 4
b Switching frequency 4 kHz, random frequency

Functions of the display and keys

5
1

4 6
2
3

6
7
8
7

1 Information is displayed in the form of codes or values in four 7-segment displays

2 Buttons for scrolling through the menus or modifying values. 8
3 ENT: Validation button for entering a menu or confirming the new value selected.
4 ESC: Button for exiting the menus (no confirmation)
5 2 diagnostic LEDs for the CANopen bus

b For ATV 31HppppM2A, ATV 31HpppM3XA and ATV 31HpppN4A drives only:
6 Speed reference potentiometer
7 RUN: Local control of motor operation 9
8 STOP/RESET: Controls motor stopping locally and resets any faults

10

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60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd 3
 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors
Altivar 31

b Remote display terminal option

563220

The remote display terminal can be mounted on the door of a wall-fixing or floor-
standing enclosure.
1 It comprises an LCD display with programming and control keys and a switch for
locking access to the menus.
Drive control keys:
v FWD/RV: reversal of the direction of rotation
ESC
v RUN: motor run command
ENT v STOP/RESET: motor stop command or fault reset
The speed reference is given by the remote display terminal. Only the freewheel, fast
2
stop
reset

FWO
RUN stop and DC injection stop commands remain active on the terminals. If the drive/
REV

operator terminal link is broken, the drive locks in fault mode.

Its subsequent action depends on the control and reference channel programming.
Remote display terminal Note: Protection via customer confidential code has priority over the switch.

b Menu access levels

3 There are 3 access levels:
v Level 1: access to standard functions. Significantly, this level is interchangeable
with the Altivar 28.
v Level 2: access to advanced application functions.
v Level 3: access to advanced application functions and management of mixed
control modes.

b Menu access code

4 Enables the drive configuration to be protected using an access code.
When access is locked using a code, only the adjustment and monitoring parameters
can be accessed.

Application functions
b Operating speed range
5 Used to determine the 2 frequency limits which define the speed range permitted by
the machine under actual operating conditions for all applications with or without
overspeed.

f (Hz)

HSP

6
LSP
Reference
0V 10 V
x mA y mA
4 mA 20 mA

7 LSP: low speed, from 0 to HSP, factory setting 0

HSP: high speed, from LSP to f max., factory setting 50 Hz
x : configurable between 0 and 20 mA, factory setting 4 mA
y: configurable between 4 and 20 mA, factory setting 20 mA

b Acceleration and deceleration ramp times

563714

Used to define acceleration and deceleration ramp times according to the application
and the machine dynamics.
8 f (Hz) f (Hz)

50 50

9 0 t 0 t
t1 t2

Linear acceleration ramp Linear deceleration ramp

Ramp adjustment with PowerSuite for PC
t1: acceleration time
t2: deceleration time
t1 and t2 can be set independently between 0.1 and 999.9 s, factory setting: 3 s

10

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4 60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd
Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

b Acceleration and deceleration ramp profile

Used to gradually increase the output frequency starting from a speed reference,
following a linear ratio or a preset ratio.
v For applications such as material handling, packaging, transportation of people: 1
the use of S ramps takes up mechanical play and eliminates jolts, and limits “non-
following” of speed during rapid transient operation of high inertia machines.
v For pumping applications (installation with centrifugal pump and non-return valve):
valve closing can be controlled more accurately if U ramps are used.
v Selecting “linear”, “S”, “U” or customized profiles assigns both the acceleration and
deceleration ramps.

S ramps U ramps Customized ramps

2
f (Hz) f (Hz) f (Hz) f (Hz) f (Hz) f (Hz)

HSP HSP HSP HSP HSP HSP

3
0 t 0 t 0 t 0 t 0 t 0 t
t2 t2 t2 t2 tA1 tA2 tA3 tA4
t1 t1 t1 t1 ACC or AC2 dEC or dE2

HSP: high speed

t1: ramp time set
HSP: high speed
t1: ramp time set
HSP: high speed
tA1: can be set between 0 and 100% (of ACC or AC2)
4
t2 = 0.6 x t1 t2 = 0.5 x t1 tA2: can be set between 0 and (100% - tA1) (of ACC
The curve coefficient is fixed. The curve coefficient is fixed. or AC2)
tA3: can be set between 0 and 100% (of dEC or dE2)
tA4: can be set between 0 and (100% - tA3) (of dEC
or dE2)
ACC: acceleration ramp 1 time
AC2: acceleration ramp 2 time
dEC: deceleration ramp 1 time
dE2: deceleration ramp 2 time 5
b Ramp switching
Used to switch 2 acceleration and deceleration ramp times, which can be adjusted
separately.
Ramp switching can be enabled by:
v a logic input
v a frequency threshold 6
v a combination of logic input and frequency threshold

Function suitable for:

v material handling with smooth starting and approach
v machines with fast steady state speed correction

f(Hz)
HSP
7
dE2
AC2

ACC dEC
t
Forward
or 1
reverse0 t 8
1
LI4 0 t

Acceleration 1 (ACC) and deceleration 1 (dEC):

- adjustment 0.1 to 999.9 s
- factory setting 3 s
Acceleration 2 (AC2) and deceleration 2 (dE2):
- adjustment 0.1 to 999.9 s
- factory setting 5 s
9
HSP: high speed

Example of switching using logic input LI4

10

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60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd 5
 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

b Automatic adaptation of deceleration ramp

Used to automatically adapt the deceleration ramp if the initial setting is too low when
the load inertia is taken into account. This function avoids the drive locking in the
1 event of an excessive braking fault.
Function suitable for all applications not requiring precise stopping and not using
braking resistors.
Automatic adaptation must be cancelled if the machine has position control with
stopping on a ramp and a braking resistor installed. This function is automatically
disabled if the brake sequence is configured.

2 b Voltage/frequency ratio
563715

v Motor and power supply characteristics

Used to determine the limit values for the voltage/frequency ratio according to the
line supply, the motor and the application.
The following values should be set for variable or constant torque applications with
or without overspeed:
- the base frequency corresponding to the supply
3 - the nominal motor frequency (in Hz) given on the motor rating plate
- the nominal motor voltage (in V) given on the motor rating plate
- the maximum output frequency of the drive (in Hz)

v Type of voltage/frequency ratio

Used to adapt the voltage/frequency ratio to the application in order to optimize
performance for the following applications:
4 Adjustment of the voltage/frequency ratio with
- Constant torque applications (machines with average loads operating at low
speed) with motors connected in parallel or special motors (e.g.: resistive cage
PowerSuite for PC
motor): ratio L
- Variable torque applications (pumps, fans): ratio P
- Machines with heavy loads operating at low speed, machines with fast cycles,
with (sensorless) flux vector control: ratio n
- Energy saving, for machines with slow speed and torque variations: ratio nLd
5 Voltage is automatically reduced to a minimum according to the necessary
torque.
U (V)

Un

6 L
n
P
f (Hz)
frn
Un: Nominal motor voltage

7 frn: Nominal motor frequency

b Auto-tuning
Auto-tuning may be performed:
voluntarily by the operator using dialogue tools via local control mode or the serial
link
v each time the drive is switched on
v on each run command
8 v by enabling a logic input
Auto-tuning is used to optimize application performance.

b Switching frequency, noise reduction

The switching frequency setting permits a reduction in the noise generated by the
motor.
The switching frequency is modulated randomly in order to avoid resonance. This
9 function can be disabled if it causes instability.
Switching the intermediate DC voltage at high frequency is useful for supplying the
motor with a current wave having little harmonic distortion. The switching frequency
is adjustable during operation to reduce the noise generated by the motor.
Value: 2 to 16 kHz, with a factory setting of 4 kHz.
For all applications which require low motor noise.

10

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6 60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd
 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors
Altivar 31

b Skip frequencies
This function suppresses one or two critical speeds that may cause mechanical
resonance.
It is possible to prohibit the prolonged operation of the motor on 1 or 2 frequency 1
bands (with a bandwidth of ± 1 Hz), which can be set within the operating range.
Function suitable for lightweight machines, bulk product conveyors with unbalanced
motor, fans and centrifugal pumps.

f (Hz)

2
2 Hz

Reference

Motor speed change depending on the skip frequency reference

b Speed reference
3
The speed reference can have different sources depending on the drive
configuration:
v references provided by 3 analog inputs
v the potentiometer reference (for ATV 31pppA drives only)
v the +/- speed function via logic input, using the keypad or remote display terminal
keys
v the remote display terminal reference
4
v speed references provided by the communication bus or networks
These different sources are managed by programming the reference functions and
channels.

b Analog inputs
There are 3 analog inputs:
v 2 voltage inputs: 5
- 0-10 V (AI1)
- ± 10 V (AI2)
v 1 current input:
- X-Y mA (AI3) where X is configurable between 0 and 20 mA, and Y is
configurable between 4 and 20 mA.

b Preset speeds 6
563717

Used to switch preset speed references.

Choose between two, four, eight or sixteen preset speeds.
Enabled by means of 1, 2, 3 or 4 logic inputs.
The preset speeds can be adjusted in increments of 0.1 Hz from 0 Hz to 500 Hz.
Function suitable for material handling and machines with several operating speeds.

f (Hz) 7
20 The speed obtained with inputs
15 LI3 and LI4 at state 0 is LSP or the
10 speed reference, depending on
the level of analog inputs AI1, AI2
LSP and AI3.

t Factory settings:

Adjustment of preset speeds with PowerSuite for PC Forward 1

1st speed: LSP (low speed or
speed reference)
8
or
Reverse LI2 0 t 2nd speed: 10 Hz

3rd speed: 15 Hz
1
4th speed: 20 Hz (high speed)
LI3 0 t

1
9
LI4 0 t

Example of operation with 4 preset speeds and 2 logic inputs

10

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60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd 7
 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors
Altivar 31

b +/- speed
563718

Used to increase or decrease a speed reference by means of 1 or 2 logic inputs, with

or without the last reference being saved (motorized potentiometer function).
1 This function is suitable for centralized control of a machine with several sections
operating in one direction or for control by a pendant control station of a handling
crane with two operating directions.

Two types of operation are available:

v Use of single action buttons: two logic inputs are required in addition to the
operating direction(s).
2 The input assigned to the “+ speed” command increases the speed, the input
assigned to the “- speed” command decreases the speed.

f (Hz)
HSP
Adjustment of the “+/- speed” function with PowerSuite for
PC

3 LSP t
Forward 1
or
Reverse 0 t

1
+ speed 0 t
4 1

- speed 0 t

Example of “+/- speed” with 2 logic inputs, single action buttons and reference saving

v Use of double action buttons (only one logic input assigned to “+ speed” is

5 necessary):

Logic inputs:
Forward Reverse “+ speed” Released 1st press 2nd press
(- speed) (speed (+ speed)
maintained)
a c b d Forward – a a and b
button
6 a and c: 1st press
b and d: 2nd press
Reverse
button
– c c and d

f (Hz)
HSP

LSP

7 LSP
0
t

HSP

Forward operation
2nd press
b b
1st press
a a a a a a a
0 t

8 Reverse
2nd press
d
1st press
c c
0 t

LSP: low speed, HSP: high speed

Example with double action buttons and 1 logic input

Note: This type of “+/- speed” control is incompatible with 3-wire control.
9
b Save reference
This function is associated with “+/- speed” control.
Enables the reading and saving of the last speed reference prior to the loss of the run
command or line supply. The saved reference is applied at the next run command.

10

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8 60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd
Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors
Altivar 31

f (Hz) b Jog operation

Used for pulse operation with minimum ramp times (0.1 s), limited speed reference
and minimum time between 2 pulses.

tm
t Enabled by a logic input and pulses given by the operating direction command. 1
Forward 1 This function is suitable for machines with product insertion in manual mode
or
Reverse 0
(example: gradual movement of the mechanism during maintenance operations).
t

1 b Control and reference channels

There are several control and reference channels which can be independent.
JOG 0
Speed reference: tm: fixed time of 0.5 s, minimum time
t
Commands (forward, reverse, etc.) and speed references can be sent using the 2
can be adjusted from 0 to between 2 pulses following methods:
10 Hz, v terminals (logic and analog inputs)
factory setting 10 Hz.
v keypad for ATV 31pppA only (RUN/STOP and potentiometer)
Example of jog operation v ATV 31 keypad
v via the serial link
- remote display terminal
- Modbus control word
- CANopen control word
3
The control and speed reference channels can be separate.
Example: speed reference issued by CANopen and command issued by the remote
display terminal.
Note: The Stop keys on the keypad and the remote display terminal may retain priority.
The summing inputs and PI regulator functions only apply to one reference channel. 4
b Reference switching
Switching between 2 speed references can be enabled via:
v a logic input
f (Hz)
v a bit in a Modbus or CANopen control word
AI1
Reference 1 is active if the logic input (or control word bit) is at 0, reference 2 is active if
the logic input (or control word bit) is at 1. 5
AI2 The reference can be switched with the motor running.

t
COM

+10
AI1

AI2

AI3
LIx

Forward 1
or
0 t
Reverse ±10 V X-Y
1 + 24 V 0
(X is adjustable from 0 to 20 mA
and Y is adjustable from 4 to 20 mA)
6
LIx 0 t Connection diagram for reference switching
Example of reference switching

b Summing inputs
Used to add up 2 or 3 speed references from different sources.
The references to be added together are selected from all the possible types of
speed reference. 7
Example:
Reference 1 sent by AI1
Reference 2 sent by AI2
Reference 3 sent by AIP
Drive speed reference: reference 1 + reference 2 + reference 3.

10

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60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd 9
 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

PI reference + b PI regulator
PIC
X±1
PI inversion Used for simple control of a flow rate or a pressure with a sensor which supplies a
feedback signal adapted to the drive.
1 PI
Feed-
back
This function is suitable for pumping and ventilation applications.
FBS RPG PI regulator
RIG v PI reference:
Multiplier Ramp - internal regulator reference, adjustable from 0 to 100
Auto HSP ACC Reference - regulation reference selected from all the possible types of regulation reference
LSP DEC - preset PI references
Man
Manual reference
v 2 or 4 preset PI references, adjustable from 0 to 100, require the use of 1 or 2
2 Auto/man logic inputs respectively
v Manual reference
ACC: Acceleration
DEC: Deceleration - speed reference selected from all the possible types of speed reference
FBS: PI feedback multiplication coefficient v PI feedback:
HSP: High speed - analog input AI1, AI2 or AI3
PIC: Reversal of the direction of correction of the PI v Auto/Man:
regulator - logic input LI for switching operation to speed reference (Man) or PI regulation
3 LSP: Low speed
RIG: PI regulator integral gain (Auto).
During operation in automatic mode it is possible to adapt the process feedback, to
RPG: PI regulator proportional gain
correct inverse PI, to adjust the proportional and integral gain and to apply a ramp
PI regulator (time = ACC - DEC) for establishing the PI action on starting and stopping.
The motor speed is limited to between LSP and HSP.
Note: The PI function is incompatible with the preset speeds and JOG functions. The PI
reference can also be transmitted on line via the Modbus RS 485 serial link or via the CANopen
4 bus.

b Current limit switching

563719

A 2nd current limit can be configured between 0.25 and 1.5 times the nominal drive
current.
Used to limit the torque and the temperature rise of the motor.
Switching between 2 current limits can be enabled via:
5 v a logic input
v a bit in a Modbus or CANopen control word

b Limiting low speed operating time

The motor is stopped automatically after a period of operation at low speed (LSP)
with a zero reference and a run command present.
This time can be set between 0.1 and 999.9 seconds (0 corresponds to an unlimited
6 time). Factory setting: 0 s. The motor restarts automatically on the ramp when the
reference reappears or if the run command is interrupted and then re-established.
This function is suitable for automatic stopping/starting on pressure-regulated
Configuration of current switching with PowerSuite for PC pumps.

b Motor switching
Allows two motors with different powers to be supplied successively by the same
7 drive. Switching must take place with the drive stopped and locked, using an
appropriate sequence at the drive output.
The function can be used to adapt the motor parameters. The following parameters
are switched automatically:
v nominal motor voltage
v nominal motor frequency
v nominal motor current
8 v nominal motor speed
v motor cosine Phi
v selection of the type of voltage/frequency ratio for motor 2
v IR compensation, motor 2
v motor frequency loop gain
v motor stability
v motor slip compensation
9 Motor thermal protection is disabled by this function.
Motor switching can be enabled by:
v a logic input
v a bit in a Modbus or CANopen control word
With hoisting applications, this function enables a single drive to be used for vertical
and horizontal movements.

10

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10 60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd
Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

b Control mode switching

Control channel switching provides a choice of 2 operating modes. Switching can be
enabled by:
v a logic input 1
v a bit in a Modbus or CANopen control word

b 2-wire control
Used to control the direction of operation by means of a stay-put contact.
Enabled by means of 1 or 2 logic inputs (one or two directions).
This function is suitable for all non-reversing and reversing applications.
3 operating modes are possible: 2
v detection of the state of the logic inputs
v detection of a change in state of the logic inputs
v detection of the state of the logic inputs with forward operation always having priority
over reverse
Altivar 31 control terminals
24 V LI1 LIx
LI1: Forward
LIx: Reverse 3

Wiring diagram for 2-wire control

f (Hz)

0 t b 3-wire control

1
Used to control the operating direction and stopping by means of pulsed contacts. 4
Stop Enabled by means of 2 or 3 logic inputs (non-reversing or reversing).
0 t This function is suitable for all non-reversing and reversing applications.
1
Forward Altivar 31 control terminals LI1: Stop
0 t 24 V LI1 LI2 LIx LI2: Forward
LIx: Reverse

Reverse 0
1

t
5
Wiring diagram for 3-wire control
Example of operation with 3-wire control

b Forced local mode

Forced local mode imposes control via the terminals or operator terminal and prohibits
all other control modes.
The following references and commands are available for forced local mode: 6
v references AI1, or AI2, or AI3 and control via logic inputs
v reference and control via RUN/STOP keys and potentiometer (ATV 31pppA drives
only)
v reference and control via the remote display terminal
The changeover to forced local mode is enabled by a logic input.

b Freewheel stop 7
This function stops the motor by resistive torque if the motor power supply is cut.
A freewheel stop is achieved:
v by configuring a normal stop command as a freewheel stop (on disappearance of
a run command or appearance of a stop command)
v by enabling a logic input

b Fast stop 8
Used to achieve a braked stop with an acceptable deceleration ramp time (divided by 2
to 10) for the drive/motor unit to avoid locking on an excessive braking fault.
Used for conveyors with emergency stop electrical braking.
A fast stop is achieved:
v by configuring a normal stop as a fast stop (on disappearance of a run command
or appearance of a stop command)
v by enabling a logic input 9
b DC injection stop
Used to brake (at low speed) high inertia fans, or to maintain torque on stopping in
the case of fans located in an airflow.
A DC injection stop is achieved:
v by configuring a normal stop as a DC injection stop (on disappearance of a run
command or appearance of a stop command)
v by enabling a logic input
10
The DC value and the standstill braking time are adjustable.

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60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd 11
 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

Speed reference b Brake control

Used to manage control of an electromagnetic brake in synchronization with the
starting and stopping of the motor to avoid jolts and load veering.
1 0
Relay or logic output
t
The brake control sequence is managed by the drive.
1
Values that can be adjusted for releasing the brake: current threshold and time delay
Values that can be adjusted for engaging the brake: frequency threshold and time
0 t
t1 delay
Motor current
T Enabled: by relay logic output R2 or logic output AOC assigned to brake control.
Brake release
Function suitable for material handling applications with movements equipped with
current electromagnetic brakes (hoisting) and machines requiring a parking brake
2 0
t2
t
(unbalanced machines).
Speed reference
Brake engage v Principle:
frequency - Vertical lifting movement:
0 t Maintains motor torque in an upward direction when the brake is being released and
LI forward or reverse
engaged, in order to hold the load, and start smoothly as soon as the brake is
1
released.
3 State of brake
0
Engaged Released
t
Engaged
- Horizontal lifting movement:
Synchronizes brake release with the build-up torque on starting and brake engage at
Accessible settings: zero speed on stopping, in order to prevent jerking.
t1: Brake release time delay Recommended settings for brake control for a vertical lifting application (for a
t2: Brake engage time delay
horizontal lifting application set the current threshold to zero):
Brake control - Brake release current: Adjust the brake release current to the nominal current
indicated on the motor. If, during testing, the torque is insufficient, increase the brake
4 release current (the maximum value is imposed by the drive).
- Acceleration time: For lifting applications it is advisable to set the acceleration
ramps to more than 0.5 seconds. Ensure that the drive does not change to current
limiting.
The same recommendation applies for deceleration.
Note: For a lifting movement, a braking resistor should be used. Ensure that the
settings and configurations selected cannot cause a drop or a loss of control of the
5 lifted load.
- Brake release time delay t1: Adjust according to the type of brake. It is the time
563721

required for the mechanical brake to release.

- Brake engage frequency: Set to twice the nominal slip then adjust according to
the result.
- Brake engage time delay t2: Adjust according to the type of brake. It is the time
required for the mechanical brake to engage.
6 b Management of limit switch
Used to manage the operation of one or two limit switches (with 1 or 2 operating
directions).
Each limit (forward, reverse) is associated with a logic input. The type of stop that
occurs on detection of a limit can be configured as normal, freewheel or fast.
Following a stop, the motor is permitted to restart in the opposite direction only.
7 b Monitoring
Monitoring the different parameters with PowerSuite for The following data can be displayed:
PC v frequency reference
v internal PI reference
v frequency reference (absolute value)
563722

v output frequency applied to the motor (value signed in two’s complement)

8 v output value in customer units
v current in the motor
v motor power: 100% = nominal power
v line voltage
v motor thermal state:
100% : nominal thermal state, 118%: motor overload threshold
v drive thermal state:
9 100% : nominal thermal state, 118%: drive overload threshold
v motor torque: 100% = nominal torque
v last fault
v operating time
v auto-tuning status
Monitoring the different parameters with the v configuration and state of logic inputs
oscilloscope function in PowerSuite for PC v configuration of analog inputs

10

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 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
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Altivar 31

b Fault management
563723

There are different modes of operation on a resettable fault:

v freewheel stop
v drive switches to the fallback speed 1
v the drive maintains the speed at which it was operating when the fault occurred
until the fault disappears
v stop on ramp
v fast stop
The detected resettable faults are as follows:
v drive overheating
v motor overheating 2
v CANopen bus fault
v Modbus serial link failure
v external faults
Fault management with PowerSuite for PC v loss of 4-20 mA signal

b Fault reset
Used to clear the last fault by means of a logic input.
The restart conditions after a reset to zero are the same as those of a normal power-
3
up.
Resets the following faults: overvoltage, overspeed, external fault, drive overheating,
motor phase loss, DC bus overvoltage, loss of 4-20 mA reference, load veering,
motor overload if the thermal state is less than 100%, serial link fault.
Line supply undervoltage and line supply phase loss faults are reset automatically
when the line supply is restored.
Function suitable for applications where the drives are difficult to access, for example
4
on moving parts in material handling systems.

b General reset (disables all faults)

This function can be used to inhibit all faults, including thermal protection (forced
operation), and may cause irreparable damage to the drive.
This invalidates the warranty. 5
Function suitable for applications where restarting can be vital (conveyor in a
furnace, smoke extraction system, machines with hardening products that need to
be removed).
The function is enabled by a logic input.
Fault monitoring is active if the logic input is at state 1.
All faults are reset on a change of state of the logic input. 6
b Controlled stop on loss of line supply
Used to control motor stopping on a loss of line supply.
Function suitable for material handling, machines with high inertia, continuous
product processing machines.
Type of stop possible:
v locking of the drive and freewheel stop
v stop which uses the mechanical inertia to maintain the drive power supply as long
7
as possible
v stop on ramp
v fast stop (depends on the inertia and the braking ability of the drive)

b Stop mode in the event of a fault

The type of stop that occurs on detection of a fault can be configured as normal,
freewheel or fast for the following faults:
8
v external fault (detection enabled by a logic input or a bit in a Modbus or CANopen
control word)
v motor phase loss fault
If a downstream contactor is being used between the drive and the motor, the motor
phase loss fault should be inhibited.
9

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 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
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Altivar 31

b Automatic catching of a spinning load with speed detection (“catch on the fly”)
Used to restart the motor smoothly after one of the following events, provided the run
command is still present:
1 v loss of line supply or simple switch off
v fault reset or automatic restart
v freewheel stop

On disappearance of the event, the effective speed of the motor is detected in order
to restart on a ramp at this speed and return to the reference speed. The speed
detection time can be up to 1 s depending on the initial deviation.
2 This function is automatically disabled if the brake sequence is configured.
This function is suitable for machines where the speed loss is negligible during the
time over which the line supply is lost (machines with high inertia), fans and pumps
driven by a residual flow, etc.

b Automatic restart
Enables the drive to be restarted automatically after locking following a fault if this
3 fault has disappeared and if the other operating conditions permit a restart.
This restart is performed by a series of automatic attempts separated by increasingly
longer wait periods of 1 s, 5 s, 10 s then 1 minute for the rest.
The whole restart procedure can last anywhere between 5 minutes and an unlimited
time.
If the drive has not restarted after the configured time, it will lock and the procedure
is abandoned until it has been switched off and on again.
4 The faults which permit this type of restart are:
v line supply overvoltage
v motor thermal overload
v drive thermal overload
v DC bus overvoltage
v failure of a line supply phase
5 v external fault
v loss of 4-20 mA reference
v CANopen bus fault
v Modbus serial link fault
v line supply voltage too low. For this fault, the function is always active, even if it is
not configured.
For these types of fault, the relay configured as a fault relay remains activated if the
6 function is configured. The speed reference and direction of operation must be
maintained for this function.
This function is suitable for machines or installations which are in continuous
operation or are not monitored, and where a restart will not endanger equipment or
personnel in any way.

b Derated operation in the event of an undervoltage

7 The line voltage monitoring threshold is lowered to 50% of the motor voltage.
In this case, a line choke must be used and the performance of the drive cannot be
guaranteed.

b Fault relay, unlocking

The fault relay is energized when the drive is powered up and is not faulty.
It contains a “C/O common point contact.
8 The drive can be unlocked after a fault in one of the following ways:
v by powering down until the ON LED extinguishes, then switching the power back
on
v by assigning a logic input to the reset faults function
v by the automatic restart function, if it has been configured

b Operating time reset to zero

9 The drive operating time can be reset to zero.

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Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

b Motor thermal protection

Indirect motor thermal protection is implemented via continuous calculation of its
theoretical temperature rise.
Thermal protection can be adjusted from 0.2 to 1.5 times the nominal drive current. 1
This function is suitable for applications with self-cooled motors.

t 13 5 10 20 50 Hz

Trip time in seconds

10 000
( 2 h 45)

1 000
( 16 mn)

100
0,7 0,8 0,9 1 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6
Motor current/ItH
Motor thermal protection curves 4
b Drive thermal protection
Thermal protection, by a PTC probe mounted on the heatsink or integrated in the
power module, ensures that the drive is protected in the event of poor ventilation or
excessive ambient temperatures.
Locks the drive in the event of a fault.
5
t
5000
Trip time in seconds

3000

6
1000

200

160

100
7
60

2
0
1 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 1,9 Motor current/Drive In

8
b R1/R2 relay configuration
The following states are signalled when the relay is powered on:
v drive fault
v drive running
v frequency threshold reached
v high speed reached
9
v current threshold reached
v frequency reference reached
v motor thermal threshold reached
v brake sequence (R2 only)

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 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

b AOC/AOV analog outputs

563725

The same data is available on analog outputs AOC and AOV.

The following assignments are possible:
1 v motor current
v motor frequency
v motor torque
v power supplied by the drive
v drive fault
v frequency threshold reached
v high speed reached
2 v current threshold reached
v frequency reference reached
v motor thermal threshold reached
v brake sequence
Configuration of AOC/AOV outputs with PowerSuite for The adjustment of analog outputs AOC/AOV is used to modify the characteristics of
PC the current analog output AOC or the voltage analog output AOV.
AOC: can be set as 0-20 mA or 4-20 mA
3 AOV: can be set at 0-10 V

b Saving and retrieving the configuration

A configuration can be saved to the EEPROM. This function is used to store a
configuration in addition to the current configuration.
Retrieving this configuration clears the current configuration.

4 .

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Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

Spooling functions (in textile applications)

Function only available with ATV 31ppppT drives
b Traverse Control
Function for winding reels of thread
1
Traverse Winding
Control drive
drive

2
Reel of thread

Main
Gearbox
shaft
Motor
3
Thread guide
Thread
Gearbox

Thread guide motor Cam

The cam rotation speed must follow a precise profile to ensure a steady, compact, 4
linear reel is obtained.
Run command
t

LI or bit
Traverse Control
command t 5
Motor speed
Base reference
dEC
ramp
Start of End of
ACC function function
ramp t

Bit 15 of word LRS1

6
(Traverse Control active)
t

The function starts when the drive has reached its base reference and the Traverse
Control command has been enabled. When the Traverse Control command is no
longer enabled, the drive returns to its base reference following the drive ACC or
dEC ramp. As soon as this reference is reached, the function stops.
7
Motor tdn tUP Frequency
speed jump
Function parameters
qSH
Using certain parameters, it is possible to define the cycle of frequency variations
trH around the base reference, see opposite.

Base qSL
trL The Traverse Control (thread control) command can be assigned by a logic input or
a bit in a Modbus or CANopen control word.
8
reference
Frequency
jump Reel management
Various parameters are used to manage the reel, such as the reel making time, the
decrease in the base reference, reel changes, etc.

tdn: Traverse Control deceleration time, in seconds

t Main parameters necessary for reel management:
b tbO: time taken to make a reel, in minutes. This parameter is intended to signal the 9
tUP: Traverse Control acceleration time, in seconds end of winding. When the Traverse Control operating time since the command
trH: Traverse frequency high, in Hertz reaches the value of tbO, the logic output or one of the drive relays changes to state
trL: Traverse frequency low, in Hertz 1, to signal the end of the reel.
qSH: Quick step high, in Hertz
qSL: Quick step low, in Hertz b dtF: decrease in the base reference. In certain cases, the base reference has to
be reduced as the reel increases in size.
Definition of the cycle of frequency variations
b rtr: reinitialize Traverse Control. As long as this parameter remains at 1, the
around the base reference
Traverse Control function is disabled and the speed is the same as the base 10
reference. This command is used primarily when changing reels.

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 Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

b Counter Wobble

1 Traverse
Control
master drive
Counter
Wobble
Slave
Drive

CLO SnC

2 AOC
Synchronization
Reel of thread

Gearbox Main
shaft
Winding motor

Thread guide
3 Gearbox

Thread guide motor Cam

The Counter Wobble function is used in certain applications to obtain a constant

thread tension when the Traverse Control function is producing considerable
4 variations in speed on the thread guide motor.

Two special drives, a master (Traverse Control) and a slave (Counter Wobble), are
necessary for this function.

The master drive controls the speed of the thread guide, while the slave drive
controls the winding speed. The function assigns the slave a speed profile, which is
5 in antiphase to that of the master. This means that synchronization is required, using
one of the master’s logic outputs (AOC) and one of the slave’s logic inputs (LIp).

Run command on
master and slave
t

6 Traverse Control
command on
master and slave
t

Thread guide
trH
motor speed
(master drive) trL

7
t

CLO/SnC
synchronization
t

Winding motor
trH
8 speed (slave drive)
trL

For the function to start, the following conditions must be met:

9 b base reference of the motor speeds of the master and slave drives reached
b ”thread control” (trC) input activated
b synchronization signal present

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Functions (continued) 2
Variable speed drives
for asynchronous motors 2

Altivar 31

Function compatibility table

b Configurable I/O
Functions which are not listed in this table are fully compatible.
Stop functions have priority over run commands.
1
The selection of functions is limited:
- by the number of drive I/O
- by the incompatibility of certain functions with one another

Functions Summing +/- speed Limit Preset PI Jog Brake DC Fast stop Freewheel
inputs switch
manage-
ment
speeds regulator operation sequence injection
stop
stop
2
Summing inputs
A A
+/- speed

Management of limit switch 3

Preset speeds
X A
PI regulator
4
Jog operation
X X
Brake sequence

DC injection stop
A 5
Fast stop
A
Freewheel stop
X X
6
Incompatible functions Priority functions (functions which cannot be active at the same time)
Compatible functions X The arrow indicates which function has priority
Not applicable A Example: the Freewheel stop function has priority over the Fast stop function

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60270-EN_Ver5.0.indd 19