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Oracle® BPEL Process Manager

Administrator’s Guide
10g (10.1.3.1.0)
Part No. B28982-03

January 2007
Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide, 10g (10.1.3.1.0)

Part No. B28982-03

Copyright © 2006, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Primary Author: Mark Kennedy

Contributor: Oracle BPEL Process Manager development, product management, and quality assurance
teams

The Programs (which include both the software and documentation) contain proprietary information; they
are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are also protected
by copyright, patent, and other intellectual and industrial property laws. Reverse engineering, disassembly,
or decompilation of the Programs, except to the extent required to obtain interoperability with other
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The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in
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Contents

Preface ................................................................................................................................................................ vii

Audience...................................................................................................................................................... vii
Documentation Accessibility .................................................................................................................... vii
Related Documents ................................................................................................................................... viii
Conventions ................................................................................................................................................. ix

1 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security

Security Overview.................................................................................................................................... 1-1
WS-Security......................................................................................................................................... 1-3
Authentication ................................................................................................................................... 1-3
Authorization ..................................................................................................................................... 1-3
Encryption and Decryption .............................................................................................................. 1-4
Secure Socket Layer .......................................................................................................................... 1-4
Digital Signatures for Integrity and Nonrepudiation................................................................... 1-4
BPEL Security Extensions ................................................................................................................. 1-4
Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)..................................................................................................... 1-5
Using SSL for Certificate-Based Authentication............................................................................ 1-6
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier .................................................... 1-6
Step 1: Configuring OC4J ................................................................................................... 1-7
Step 2: Configuring Oracle BPEL Server .......................................................................... 1-7
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers....................................................................... 1-8
Step 1: Configuring OC4J ................................................................................................... 1-8
Step 2: Configuring Oracle BPEL Server .......................................................................... 1-8
Using J2EE Basic Authentication ..................................................................................................... 1-8
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier .................................................... 1-9
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers....................................................................... 1-9
Using the Native BPEL Security Extensions ............................................................................... 1-10
Domain and Process Level Security ...................................................................................... 1-11
Java API ..................................................................................................................................... 1-13
HTTP Binding........................................................................................................................... 1-13
SOAP over HTTP Binding ...................................................................................................... 1-13
Invoking Secured Services (Outbound) ........................................................................................... 1-14
Using SSL for Certificate-Based Authentication......................................................................... 1-15
Oracle JDeveloper Design Time............................................................................................. 1-17
Oracle BPEL Server Runtime ................................................................................................. 1-17

iii
HTTP/S with Partner Link Server Certificate Authentication Only......................... 1-17
HTTP/S with Partner Link Server and Oracle BPEL Server Client Certificate
Authentication.................................................................................................................. 1-18
WS-Security-Compliant Services .................................................................................................. 1-18
SOAP Binding........................................................................................................................... 1-19
Configuration .................................................................................................................... 1-19
Axis Services with Custom Authentication Handlers ............................................................... 1-20
J2EE Basic Authentication Protected Services (HTTP) .............................................................. 1-20
HTTP Basic Authentication (10.1.2.0.2) ................................................................................ 1-20
HTTP Binding (10.1.3) ............................................................................................................. 1-21
Java and EJB Binding (10.1.3) ........................................................................................................ 1-21
Oracle BPEL Control and Oracle BPEL Admin Console Users and Roles................................. 1-22
Example 1: Creating New Users and Groups to Access New BPEL Domains ...................... 1-23
Example 2: Creating a New User to Access the Default BPEL Domain.................................. 1-24
Example 3: Creating a New User to Access All BPEL Domains .............................................. 1-24
Default and Custom Validators .......................................................................................................... 1-25
Using the Default Validator........................................................................................................... 1-25
Creating a Custom Validator......................................................................................................... 1-26
Invoking a Partner Web Service through a Proxy Server .............................................................. 1-28
Using Oracle Web Services Manager for Authorization, Message Encryption, and Digital
Signatures ............................................................................................................................................... 1-28
Authorization................................................................................................................................... 1-29
Message Encryption and Decryption ........................................................................................... 1-29
Digital Signatures............................................................................................................................ 1-29
Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 1-29

2 Service Configuration
Configuring the Identity Service .......................................................................................................... 2-1
Structure of the Identity Service Configuration File ..................................................................... 2-1
provider Element ........................................................................................................................ 2-2
Multiple Service Providers ................................................................................................. 2-3
Optional Parameters............................................................................................................ 2-4
connection Element..................................................................................................................... 2-4
userControls and roleControls Elements ................................................................................ 2-5
Configuration for the XML-Based JAZN Provider ....................................................................... 2-6
Configuring Identity Service 10.1.3.1.0 with 10.1.2 Oracle Internet Directory.......................... 2-7
Task 1: Perform Preconfiguration Procedures........................................................................ 2-7
Oracle Internet Directory is Associated with an Oracle Application Server Instance
................................................................................................................................................ 2-8
Oracle Internet Directory is Not Associated with an Oracle Application Server
Instance.................................................................................................................................. 2-9
Task 2: Perform Configuration Procedures.......................................................................... 2-10
Step 3: Test the Oracle Internet Directory Configuration .................................................. 2-13
Task 4: Configure the Middle Tier to use the LDAP-based JAZN provider with Secure
Socket Layer (SSL) .................................................................................................................. 2-13
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 2-13
Reverting from Oracle Internet Directory to the XML-Based JAZN Provider ............... 2-14

iv
Configuration for a Third-Party LDAP Server ........................................................................... 2-15
Configuration for Custom Identity Repository Plug-ins .......................................................... 2-19
Setting Up Group Ownership ....................................................................................................... 2-19
Defining Group Ownership for JAZN XML-Based Providers .......................................... 2-19
Defining Group Ownership for JAZN Oracle Internet Directory-Based and
LDAP-Based Providers .......................................................................................................... 2-20
Configuring the Notification Services .............................................................................................. 2-20
Configuring the E-mail Server ...................................................................................................... 2-20
Example ns_emails.xml File ................................................................................................... 2-22
Configuring the Wireless Provider for Voice.............................................................................. 2-23
Example ns_iaswconfig.xml File ........................................................................................... 2-23
Configuring the Wireless Provider for SMS................................................................................ 2-24
Configuring the Wireless Provider for Fax ................................................................................. 2-24
Configuring the Fax Cover Page............................................................................................ 2-24
Configuring the Wireless Provider for Pager ............................................................................. 2-24
Configuring the Pluggable Notification Service......................................................................... 2-24
Pluggable Notification Service Implementation ................................................................. 2-24
Pluggable Notification Service Registration ........................................................................ 2-25
Configuring the Workflow Service.................................................................................................... 2-26
taskAutoReleaseConfigurations ................................................................................................... 2-27
worklistApplicationURL................................................................................................................ 2-27
actionableEmailAccountName...................................................................................................... 2-27
pushbackAssignee........................................................................................................................... 2-27
assigneeDelimiter ............................................................................................................................ 2-28
shortHistoryActions........................................................................................................................ 2-28
workflowServiceSessionTimeoutInMinutes ............................................................................... 2-29
user:ruleRepositoryInfo ................................................................................................................. 2-29
Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service
Registry................................................................................................................................................... 2-30
Task 1: Installing the Oracle Application Server SOA Suite and OracleAS Service
Registry ............................................................................................................................................ 2-31
Task 2: Deploying Web Services ................................................................................................... 2-34
Task 3: Publishing a Service and Adding Bindings ................................................................... 2-35
Task 4: Specifying the Registry Service Inquiry URL in Oracle BPEL Control...................... 2-36
Task 5: Creating a Connection to the UDDI Registry ................................................................ 2-37
Task 6: Configuring the RapidDistributors Partner Link.......................................................... 2-37
Task 7: Specifying the OracleAS Service Registry Service Key ................................................ 2-38
Task 8: Securing the Client with Basic Authentication (Optional) .......................................... 2-38
Troubleshooting .............................................................................................................................. 2-39
Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 2-39

3 Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in ....................................................................................... 3-1
Description of Oracle BPEL Process Manager Interfaces ............................................................. 3-1
Implementing the Identity Service Plug-in .................................................................................... 3-2
Specifying the Service Factory Methods......................................................................................... 3-4
Specifying the Provider Configuration ........................................................................................... 3-5

v
Implementing the BPMProvider Interface .................................................................................... 3-5
Deploying the Identity Service Plug-in........................................................................................... 3-6
Registering and Configuring the Identity Service for the Custom Plug-in ............................... 3-6
Creating Users and Groups .............................................................................................................. 3-7
Summary .................................................................................................................................................... 3-7

4 Configuring and Viewing BPEL Process Logs

Logging Overview.................................................................................................................................... 4-1
Domain Level Logging ............................................................................................................................ 4-2
System Level Logging ............................................................................................................................. 4-5
System and Domain Level Logging Examples ................................................................................... 4-6
Example 1: Process Invokes an External Web Service .................................................................. 4-6
Example 2: Java Class Invoked through WSIF Binding ............................................................... 4-6
Example 3: Process Invokes an Asynchronous Service ................................................................ 4-6
Example 4: Process Sends a Notification ........................................................................................ 4-6
Logging with Sensors .............................................................................................................................. 4-7
Logging with bpelx:exec in a Java Embedding Activity................................................................... 4-7
Summary .................................................................................................................................................... 4-7

A Demo User Community

Setting Up JAZN Demo Users .............................................................................................................. A-1
Demo Users and Roles...................................................................................................................... A-1
Using the Demo User Community in the Order Booking Tutorial ........................................... A-6
Summary ................................................................................................................................................... A-6

Index

vi
Preface

This manual describes how to administer Oracle BPEL Process Manager.

This preface contains the following topics:
■ Audience
■ Documentation Accessibility
■ Related Documents
■ Conventions

Audience
This manual is intended for anyone who is interested in administering Oracle BPEL
Process Manager.

Note: The chapter on Oracle BPEL Process Manager performance

tuning that appeared in this guide for 10.1.2.0.2 has been moved to the
Oracle Application Server Performance Guide for release 10.1.3.1.0.

Documentation Accessibility
Our goal is to make Oracle products, services, and supporting documentation
accessible, with good usability, to the disabled community. To that end, our
documentation includes features that make information available to users of assistive
technology. This documentation is available in HTML format, and contains markup to
facilitate access by the disabled community. Accessibility standards will continue to
evolve over time, and Oracle is actively engaged with other market-leading
technology vendors to address technical obstacles so that our documentation can be
accessible to all of our customers. For more information, visit the Oracle Accessibility
Program Web site at
http://www.oracle.com/accessibility/

Accessibility of Code Examples in Documentation

Screen readers may not always correctly read the code examples in this document. The
conventions for writing code require that closing braces should appear on an
otherwise empty line; however, some screen readers may not always read a line of text
that consists solely of a bracket or brace.

vii
Accessibility of Links to External Web Sites in Documentation
This documentation may contain links to Web sites of other companies or
organizations that Oracle does not own or control. Oracle neither evaluates nor makes
any representations regarding the accessibility of these Web sites.

TTY Access to Oracle Support Services

Oracle provides dedicated Text Telephone (TTY) access to Oracle Support Services
within the United States of America 24 hours a day, seven days a week. For TTY
support, call 800.446.2398.

Related Documents
For more information, see the following Oracle resources:
■ Oracle Application Server Performance Guide for Oracle BPEL Process Manager
tuning and performance information
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Quick Start Guide
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Order Booking Tutorial
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide
■ Oracle Adapters for Files, FTP, Databases, and Enterprise Messaging User’s Guide
■ Oracle Application Server Adapter Concepts
■ Oracle Application Server Adapter for Oracle Applications User’s Guide
Printed documentation is available for sale in the Oracle Store at
http://oraclestore.oracle.com/
To download free release notes, installation documentation, white papers, or other
collateral, visit the Oracle Technology Network (OTN). You must register online before
using OTN; registration is free and can be done at
http://www.oracle.com/technology/membership/
To download Oracle BPEL Process Manager documentation, technical notes, or other
collateral, visit the Oracle BPEL Process Manager site at Oracle Technology Network
(OTN):
http://www.oracle.com/technology/bpel/
If you already have a username and password for OTN, then you can go directly to the
documentation section of the OTN Web site at
http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/
See the Business Process Execution Language for Web Services Specification, available at the
following URL:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us
/dnbizspec/html/bpel1-1.asp
See the XML Path Language (XPath) Specification, available at the following URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116
See the Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1 Specification, available at the
following URL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl

viii
Conventions
The following text conventions are used in this document:

Convention Meaning
boldface Boldface type indicates graphical user interface elements associated
with an action, or terms defined in text or the glossary.
italic Italic type indicates book titles, emphasis, or placeholder variables for
which you supply particular values.
monospace Monospace type indicates commands within a paragraph, URLs, code
in examples, text that appears on the screen, or text that you enter.

ix
x
1
Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security

It is critical to control access to BPEL processes and to the Web services they use.
Preventing unauthorized users from breaking into your system is required to protect
both the integrity of your processes and the personal information of your customers.
This chapter describes the methods available for securing BPEL processes and
invoking secured Web services with Oracle BPEL Process Manager.
This chapter contains the following topics:
■ Security Overview
■ Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)
■ Invoking Secured Services (Outbound)
■ Oracle BPEL Control and Oracle BPEL Admin Console Users and Roles
■ Default and Custom Validators
■ Invoking a Partner Web Service through a Proxy Server
■ Using Oracle Web Services Manager for Authorization, Message Encryption, and
Digital Signatures
■ Summary

Security Overview
Security in Oracle BPEL Process Manager is implemented as follows:
■ Securing a BPEL process in which interaction is initiated by an inbound client
service request sent to Oracle BPEL Server. The following transport security and
authentication methods are available:
– SSL (HTTP/S)
– J2EE basic authentication (HTTP)
– BPEL security extensions
■ Invoking secured services in which interaction is initiated by an outbound client
request sent from Oracle BPEL Server to the server on which the partner link Web
service is running. The following transport security and authentication methods
are available:
– SSL (HTTP/S)
– WS-Security-compliant services
– Axis services

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-1

Security Overview

– J2EE basic authentication (HTTP)

– Java and Enterprise Java Bean (EJB) binding
Figure 1–1 provides an overview of these transport security and authentication
methods available for securing BPEL processes (inbound) and invoking secured
services (outbound):

Figure 1–1 Inbound and Outbound Transport Security and Authentication Methods

Securing BPEL
Inbound client service request Processes:
Transport Security
J2EE Basic BPEL and Authentication
SSL (HTTP/S)* Authentication Security Methods
(HTTP)* Extensions
Firewall

Oracle Application
Server

OC4J

Oracle BPEL Domain / HTTP SOAP over

Process Process Level Java API Binding HTTP Binding
Manager Security

WSIF Layer

SSL WS-Security Axis J2EE Basic Java and EJB

(HTTP/S) Compliant Services Authentication Binding
Services (HTTP)
(SOAP Binding) Invoking Secured
Processes:
Transport Security
and Authentication
Outbound Oracle BPEL Server client request Methods

Firewall

Server on which partner link web service is running

* With the Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier installation type, inbound
client service requests that use SSL transport security and J2EE basic authentication are
verified by Oracle Application Server. With the Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers
installation type, inbound client service requests that use SSL transport security and J2EE
basic authentication are verified by OC4J.

1-2 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Security Overview

This section provides an overview of the following security features in the context of
Oracle BPEL Process Manager. References are also provided to sections that describe
these features in more detail:
■ WS-Security
■ Authentication
■ Authorization
■ Encryption and Decryption
■ Secure Socket Layer
■ Digital Signatures for Integrity and Nonrepudiation
■ BPEL Security Extensions

WS-Security
WS-Security provides a mechanism for adding three levels of security to simple object
access protocol (SOAP) messages. These security levels are as follows:
■ Authentication tokens – Used for passing user name and password information, as
well as X.509 certificates, within the SOAP message headers.
■ XML encryption – Used for message confidentiality.
■ XML digital signatures – Used for message integrity, source and origin validation,
and nonrepudiation.

See Also:
■ "WS-Security-Compliant Services" on page 1-18
■ Web Services Security (WS-Security) Specifications available at the
following URL:
http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_
abbrev=wss

Authentication
Authentication is the process of proving the identity of a user. Oracle BPEL Process
Manager supports basic authentication (HTTP), certificate-based authentication
(HTTP/S), and native BPEL security extension authentication.

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-3

Security Overview

Encryption and Decryption

Encryption is the practice of encoding (encrypting) data in such a way that only an
intended recipient can decode (decrypt) and read the data. Oracle BPEL Process
Manager has no current native support for XML encryption. Oracle Web Services
Manager can instead be used to provide this capability.

Secure Socket Layer

Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is a standard for the secure transmission of documents over
the Internet using HTTP/S (secure HTTP). SSL uses digital signatures to prevent data
from being compromised.

See Also:
■ "Using SSL for Certificate-Based Authentication" on page 1-6 for
details about using SSL to secure BPEL processes
■ "Using SSL for Certificate-Based Authentication" on page 1-15 for
details about using SSL to invoke secured services

Digital Signatures for Integrity and Nonrepudiation

A digital signature is a code attached to an electronic document that reliably identifies
the author or sender, and verifies that the document has not been compromised.
Oracle BPEL Process Manager has no current native support for digital signatures.
Oracle Web Services Manager can instead be used to provide digital signatures and
signature verification capabilities.

BPEL Security Extensions

BPEL security extensions are fully integrated into Oracle BPEL Process Manager.
Regardless of which channel you use to invoke a process (such as HTTP, SOAP, Java
API, and so on), the same security constraints apply. However, the way credentials are
passed differs amongst channels.
BPEL security extensions are intended for BPEL developers who want to enhance the
security of Oracle BPEL Process Manager. These extensions are technical and require a
good understanding of Oracle BPEL Server, including the various technologies used
for invoking processes (for example, SOAP and HTTP). There are also many references
to the Oracle BPEL Java API, so a good knowledge of Java is required.
Oracle BPEL Process Manager’s API includes BPEL security extensions that enable
developers to create custom security. This is necessary in secure environments where
users must be authenticated and authorized to use certain BPEL processes.

1-4 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

See Also:
■ "Using the Native BPEL Security Extensions" on page 1-10
■ "Domain and Process Level Security" on page 1-11
■ "Java API" on page 1-13
■ "HTTP Binding" on page 1-13
■ "SOAP over HTTP Binding" on page 1-13
■ "Java and EJB Binding (10.1.3)" on page 1-21
■ "Default and Custom Validators" on page 1-25
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Workflow Services API Reference,
which is also located in
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\docs\apidocs

Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

You can secure a BPEL process in which interaction is initiated by an inbound client
service request sent to Oracle BPEL Server.
Figure 1–2 provides a high-level overview of the transport security and authentication
methods available for securing BPEL processes (inbound).

Figure 1–2 Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

Securing BPEL
Inbound client service request Processes:
Transport Security
J2EE Basic BPEL and Authentication
SSL (HTTP/S)* Authentication Security Methods
(HTTP)* Extensions
Firewall

Certificate-based Certificate-based
authentication with authentication with
Oracle Wallet keytool
Manager

Oracle Application
Server

OC4J

Oracle BPEL Domain / HTTP SOAP over

Process Process Level Java API Binding HTTP Binding
Manager Security

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-5

Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

This section describes how to provide BPEL process security through the following
methods:
■ Using SSL for Certificate-Based Authentication
■ Using J2EE Basic Authentication
■ Using the Native BPEL Security Extensions

Note: Oracle recommends that you create an environment in which

one or more instances of a server are dedicated to secure business
processes and other instances are set up to host nonsecure processes.

Using SSL for Certificate-Based Authentication

BPEL processes are usually invoked using SOAP over HTTP. While basic
authentication ensures that only authenticated users access BPEL processes, user
names and password are prone to identification by network packet sniffers. Therefore,
the need exists for securing the network connection through use of HTTP/S instead of
HTTP. If you use HTTP/S as the authentication schema, both the client and server can
be configured to exchange certificates. A successful SSL handshake confirms
authentication.
The following types of certification authentication can be used:
■ Server certificate authentication
In this scenario, the client asks the server for the certificate and authenticates the
trustworthiness of the server. The client does not present its certificate unless it is
requested by the server to do so. The type of server presenting the certificate is
based upon the Oracle BPEL Process Manager installation type you are using:
– For Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier, the server is
Oracle Application Server (and its version of OC4J)
– For Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers, the server is the standalone
OC4J in which Oracle BPEL Process Manager is deployed.
■ Server and client certificate authentication
In this scenario, both the client and server exchange certificates and a successful
SSL handshake confirms authentication. This is called client authentication mode.
The server (either the standalone OC4J in which Oracle BPEL Process Manager is
deployed or Oracle Application Server (and its version of OC4J)) must be
configured to request the client's certificate during the SSL handshake and
authenticate the trustworthiness of the client. In the context of securing BPEL
processes, this means that a client invoking a service presents a valid certificate
issued by a mutually-trusted certificate authority. Server and client certificate
authentication is not as frequently used.
The following sections describe the SSL configuration method to use based on the
Oracle BPEL Process Manager installation type you are using:
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers

Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier

SSL configuration for Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier is a
two-step process:

1-6 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

■ Step 1: Configuring OC4J

■ Step 2: Configuring Oracle BPEL Server

Step 1: Configuring OC4J Use Oracle Wallet Manager to enable certificate-based

authentication with the Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier
installation type. (See Figure 1–2 on page 1-5.) Oracle Wallet Manager is an application
for managing and editing security credentials in Oracle wallets. A wallet is a
password-protected container that stores authentication and signing credentials,
including private keys, certificates, and trusted certificates, all of which are used by
SSL for strong authentication.

Note: Do not use the default certificate included with Oracle Wallet
(named test). The default certificate does not use the proper server
host name. Instead, obtain a certificate from a certificate authority.
This certificate must contain the proper server host name in the CN
entry.

2. Enter the oc4jadmin username and password.

3. Set the following two parameters under the Configuration tab:

Parameter Description Example

soapServerUrl The BPEL SOAP server http://hostname:port
endpoint URL of a process
soapCallbackUrl The BPEL SOAP callback URL http://hostname:port
of a process

4. Delete the default .bpel_TaskManager_1.0.jar and .bpel_

TaskActionHandler_1.0.jar directories under SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\domains\domain_name\tmp.
where domain_name is the name of the domain in which the BPEL process to
secure is located.
5. Restart Oracle BPEL Server.
This recreates the correct service bindings and WSDL files for the TaskManager
and TaskActionHandler processes and makes them available from HTTP/S-based
endpoints. Processes deployed into Oracle BPEL Process Manager are now
securely hosted at the new HTTP/S endpoint.

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-7

Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers

SSL configuration for Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers is a two-step
process:
■ Step 1: Configuring OC4J
■ Step 2: Configuring Oracle BPEL Server

Step 1: Configuring OC4J

1. See the Oracle Containers for J2EE Security Guide for the following SSL configuration
instructions:
■ Using keytool to enable certificate-based authentication. This tool generates
a keystore and a self-signed certificate. A keystore is a protected database that
holds keys and certificates for an enterprise. Access to a keystore is guarded
by a password. The password is defined at the time the keystore is created by
the user who creates the keystore, and is changeable only when providing the
current password.
■ Configuring OC4J to use SSL. When complete, OC4J listens for SSL requests
on one port and non-SSL requests on another.

Notes:
■ Ensure that you shut down and restart OC4J after configuring
SSL. This is accomplished by shutting down and restarting Oracle
BPEL Server.
■ Instead of a self–signed certificate for production environments,
use a certificate from a trusted certificate authority like
Verisign/Thawte by submitting a certificate request generated by
keytool.

Step 2: Configuring Oracle BPEL Server The steps to configure Oracle BPEL Server for the
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers installation type are the same as with
the Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier installation type.
See "Step 2: Configuring Oracle BPEL Server" on page 1-7 for instructions on
configuring Oracle BPEL Server.

Using J2EE Basic Authentication

J2EE basic authentication involves authentication through unsigned tokens, namely a
user name and password.
Table 1–1 describes the supported features of this method.

Table 1–1 J2EE Basic Authentication Supported Features

Authentication Service Access Customization
Schemas Protocols User Repository Permitted Granularity
Basic authentication HTTP only Oracle Application Server JAAS custom Individual
(user name and JAZN repository types: authorization process level
password) plug-in security
■ OID
■ JAZN XML
■ JAAS custom plug-in

1-8 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

The following sections describe the configuration method to use based on the Oracle
BPEL Process Manager installation type:
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers

Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier

J2EE basic authentication with the Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle
Tier installation type involves delegating authentication to Oracle Application Server.
(See Figure 1–2 on page 1-5.) The following steps describe this process.
1. Oracle HTTP Server receives a service request.
2. Oracle HTTP Server forwards the request to OC4J.
3. OC4J validates the user name and password received in the HTTP headers against
the configured identity service user repository:
■ Oracle Internet Directory (OID)
■ Oracle Application Server Java Authentication and Authorization Service
(JAAS) Provider (JAZN) XML
■ Custom JAAS plug-in
4. If the user name and password are authenticated, the request is sent to Oracle
BPEL Server for servicing.

See Also: Oracle Containers for J2EE Security Guide for configuration
instructions

Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers

J2EE basic authentication with the Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers
installation type involves delegating authentication to the OC4J in which Oracle BPEL
Process Manager is deployed. (See Figure 1–2 on page 1-5.) The following steps
describe this process.
1. Set up new users and roles in the JAZN repository:
For example, for users in JAZN XML, configure a new user and role in SOA_
Oracle_
Home\bpel\system\appserver\oc4j\j2ee\home\config\system-jazn-
data.xml as follows:
<user>
<name>jsmith</name>
<credentials>{903}9XRK6pyPRTVYN7bW5dkG1Z06C2pkBRW6</credentials>
</user>
. . .
. . .
<role>
<name>jsmithrole</name>
<members>
<member>
<type>user</type>
<name>jsmith</name>
</member>
</members>
</role>

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-9

Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

2. Configure the SOA_Oracle_

Home\bpel\system\appserver\oc4j\j2ee\home\applications\orabpe
l_ear\META-INF\orion-application.xml file.
Map the physical security roles maintained in OC4J (for example, JAAS principals
and realms) to logical J2EE groups and users by adding the following sections:
<security-role-mapping name="jsmithrole">
<group name=" jsmithrole" />
</security-role-mapping>

3. Configure the SOA_Oracle_

Home\bpel\system\appserver\oc4j\j2ee\home\applications\orabpe
l_ear\startup_war\WEB-INF\web.xml file to protect the BPEL service
endpoint URLs.
A code segment from web.xml protecting an endpoint URL
http://localhost/orabpel/default/HelloWorld/1.0) is as follows:
<security-constraint>
<web-resource-collection>
<web-resource-name>Default Domain Pages</web-resource-name>
<description>These pages are only accessible by authenticated
users.</description>
<url-pattern>*/orabpel/default/HelloWorld/1.0</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*/orabpel/default/HelloSecureWorld/1.0</url-pattern>
</web-resource-collection>
<auth-constraint>
<role-name>jsmithrole</role-name>
</auth-constraint>
</security-constraint>
<login-config>
<auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
<realm-name>jazn.com</realm-name>
</login-config>
<security-role>
<description>BPEL PM User</description>
<role-name>jsmithrole</role-name>
</security-role>

Using the Native BPEL Security Extensions

Native BPEL security extensions code can also handle authentication. (See Figure 1–2
on page 1-5.) The following steps describe this process.
1. Oracle HTTP Server receives a service request.
2. Oracle HTTP Server forwards the request, part of which is intercepted by Oracle
BPEL Process Manager.
3. The BPEL security extension code of Oracle BPEL Process Manager validates the
message received against the configured identity service user repository:
■ OID
■ JAZN XML
■ Custom JAAS plug-in
4. If the user name and password are authenticated, Oracle BPEL Server services the
request.
Table 1–2 describes the supported features of this method.

1-10 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

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Table 1–2 Native BPEL Security Extensions Supported Features

Authentication Service Access Customization
Schemas Protocols User Repository Permitted Granularity
Basic HTTP Oracle Application Custom user Fine grained:
authentication Server JAZN repository
■ Individual process
(user name and repository types: using the
level security (for
password) custom
■ OID example, service1
validator class
with
■ JAZN XML
See Also: username1/passwo
■ Database-based "Creating a rd1 and service2
repository Custom with
Validator" on username2/passwo
■ Custom
page 1-26 rd2)
■ Supports domain
level protection and
all services in that
domain with one user
name and password
Normalized ■ Java API
message properties
■ Remote method
invocation (RMI)
WS-Security (in SOAP
accordance with
the WS-Security
Web Services
Security
Specification)

This section contains the following topics:

■ Domain and Process Level Security
■ Java API
■ HTTP Binding
■ SOAP over HTTP Binding

Domain and Process Level Security

Within Oracle BPEL Server, a message handler framework is used to control and
modify inbound (calls to Oracle BPEL Server) and outbound (calls from Oracle BPEL
Server) message flows. One of these plug-in handlers is the security interceptor. The
security interceptor provides two levels of security:
■ Domain level security
If only this level is set, enables you to secure all processes running in a specific
domain.
■ Process level security
If this level is also set, enables you to specify which processes to secure, and which
not to secure, in a specific domain.

Note: The following section only explains the configuration of the

security interceptor, and not the framework itself.

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-11

Securing BPEL Processes (Inbound)

By default, domain and process security is not enabled. However, both security levels
can be easily enabled by modifying the SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\domains\domain_name\config\message-handlers.xml file.
1. If you want to enable domain level security, remove the comment markers shown
in bold from around the security attribute (for this example, the domain is
named default):
<inbound-flow>
<message-handler id="default" />

<!-- uncomment for inbound security

<message-handler id="security" />
-->
</inbound-flow>

This enables the security chain:

<message-handler id="security">
<classname>com.collaxa.cube.security.Authenticator</classname>
<comment>
<![CDATA[This is the handler for security interception]]>
</comment>
<property id="ACLManager">
<value>com.oracle.bpel.security.validator.bpmid.
BPMIdentityValidator</value>
<comment>BPMIdentityValidator uses the server configured security
such as JAAS to validate the user against</comment>
</property>

</message-handler>

2. If you also want to enable security at the process level, remove the comment
markers shown in bold from around the SecuredProcesses attribute in the
same file. The section contains a value element that consists of a
comma-separated list of process names:

</message-handler>

3. Specify the processes to secure in the value element of the SecuredProcesses

section. For example:
<value>CreditRatingService, HelloWorldService</value>

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Any other processes in this domain that are not specified in the value element are
not secured.
4. Restart Oracle BPEL Server.
This enables the default validator bridge to be used for authentication and
authorization.

See Also: "Using the Default Validator" on page 1-25 for information
about the validator bridge

Java API
For invocation of a process, use the DeliveryService. However, the normalized
message (com.oracle.bpel.client.NormalizedMessage) needs the following
properties (through NormalizedMessage:setProperty(key, value)) added:
secured = username
username = password

where username equals the user name that is sent, and the second pair consists of the
username and the desired credential. For example:
secured = Clemens
Clemens = pwForClemens

Note: You can also send an empty password; in this case, add only
the first pair:
secured = Clemens

HTTP Binding
When you use direct HTTP binding to invoke a process, there are multiple ways of
specifying the credentials:
■ As HTTP request parameters:
<input type="hidden" name="bpelUser" value="clemens">
<input type="hidden" name="bpelCredential" value="clemens">

■ As basic authentication HTTP headers (base64-encoded):

Authentication=BASIC <BASE64-HASH>

■ As normal name-value HTTP header pairs, where the key for the user is
bpelUser and the key for the password is bpelCredential

SOAP over HTTP Binding

When using SOAP binding, the only currently supported method for passing a user
name credential is as a WS-Security compliant SOAP header. For example:
<wsse:Security soapenv:actor="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/actor/next"
soapenv:mustUnderstand="1"
xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-
wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"
xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<wsse:UsernameToken
xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-13

Invoking Secured Services (Outbound)

wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"><wsse:Username>Clemens
</wsse:Username><wsse:Password Type=
"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-
wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText">pwForClemens
</wsse:Password>
</wsse:UsernameToken>
</wsse:Security>

When using Java to call a service endpoint through SOAP, the class
com.oracle.bpel.client.util.WSSecurityUtils can generate a header
element of the namespace. For example:
/**
* Create a WSSecurity compliant token from username and password -
UsernameToken!!
* @throws javax.xml.soap.SOAPException in case the element cannot be
constructed
* @return the headerElement needed for the header of the call
* @param pCredential the credential
* @param pUsername the username
*/
public static SOAPHeaderElement createWSSecurityHeader (String pUsername,
String pCredential)

Note that createWSSecurityHeader represents the older Java standard. Since the
change to the WS-Security standard in 2004, you must apply the new namespace or
else it defaults to the http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2002/07/secext
namespace. To create a WSSE header element with the new namespace, use this
method located in the WSSecurityUtils class:
public static SOAPHeaderElement createOASISWSSecurityHeader
(String pUsername,
String pCredential,
boolean pIsWSPolicyCompliant) throws SOAPException
{

Invoking Secured Services (Outbound)

You can invoke secured services in which interaction is initiated by an outbound client
request sent from Oracle BPEL Server to the server on which the partner link Web
service is running. The configuration procedures for invoking secured services are the
same for either Oracle BPEL Process Manager installation type:
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier
Figure 1–3 provides an overview of the transport security and authentication methods
available for invoking secured services (outbound):

1-14 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Invoking Secured Services (Outbound)

Figure 1–3 Invoking Secured Services (Outbound)

Oracle Application
Server

OC4J

Oracle BPEL
Process
Manager
(Client)

WSIF Layer

SSL WS-Security Axis J2EE Basic Java and EJB

(HTTP/S) Compliant Services Authentication Binding
Services (HTTP)
Certificate-based (SOAP Binding) Invoking Secured
authentication Processes:
with keytool Transport Security
and Authentication
Outbound Oracle BPEL Server client request Methods

Firewall

Server on which partner link web service is running

This section contains the following topics:

■ Using SSL for Certificate-Based Authentication
■ WS-Security-Compliant Services
■ Axis Services with Custom Authentication Handlers
■ J2EE Basic Authentication Protected Services (HTTP)
■ Java and EJB Binding (10.1.3)

Using SSL for Certificate-Based Authentication

If a partner exposes an HTTP/S-based service, the WSDL of that service contains the
information in the service binding. You can invoke services from Oracle BPEL Process
Manager that have a SOAP or HTTP binding.
Oracle BPEL Process Manager support for SSL is Java Secure Socket Extension
(JSSE)-standards based and relies on the default SunJSSE provider for cryptographic
services. For configuring the keystore and truststore, Oracle BPEL Process Manager
relies on standard JSSE keytool and JSSE mechanisms. (See Figure 1–3 on page 1-15.)
The following types of certification authentication can be used:
■ Server certificate authentication
During the SSL handshake process, Oracle BPEL Process Manager, which acts as a
client to the secured service of the partner link server, is required to verify the
trustworthiness of the partner link (server authentication). Verifying the certificate
presented by the partner link server satisfies this requirement. To do this, the
default SunJSEE functionality is used by Oracle BPEL Process Manager and the

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-15

Invoking Secured Services (Outbound)

truststore used in the process must contain the appropriate certificate entries. If the
partner link server uses a self-signed certificate, this certificate must be placed as a
trusted entry in the truststore. If the partner link server presents a certificate chain,
then the root certificate of that chain must be part of the truststore.
■ Server and client certificate authentication
During the handshaking process, a partner link server can sometimes require that
the client (in this scenario, Oracle BPEL Process Manager) present its certificate for
verification. This is called client authentication mode. For these situations, you
must also set up a certificate for Oracle BPEL Process Manager. The certificate can
be self-signed or provided by a certificate authority. The keytool can be used to
save that certificate and keys in the keystore and truststore.
Note that it is not possible to know from the WSDL of the service if the partner
link service requires this. This requirement is not in wide practice.
It is beneficial to set up a truststore in which trusted certificate entries are placed. This
is different from the keystore, in which private and public key entries are present.
The default keystore and truststore files located in the jre\lib\security directory
for your JDK installation are used:
■ The cacerts file is the default keystore
■ The jssecacerts file (if present) is the truststore file. If jssecacerts is not
present, cacerts also serves as the truststore.
Keystore and truststore files are created and managed with JDK’s keytool. This tool
is useful for performing operations such as the following:
■ Creating new keystores and truststores
■ Reading and listing information present in the stores
■ Updating and deleting existing entries in keystores and truststore

Notes:
■ Do not use Oracle Wallet Manager to create a security certificate
for communication between the client Oracle BPEL Server and the
server on which the partner link Web service is running.
■ No Oracle BPEL Server configuration is required when invoking
secured services. This is because Oracle BPEL Server is the client
in this type of interaction.

See Also:
■ http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/guide/security/
jsse/JSSERefGuide.html for details about SSL, such as
understanding how SSL works, creating keystores and truststores
to use with JSSE, and debugging and troubleshooting issues
■ http://java.sun.com/products/jsse/ for JSSE details
■ http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/tooldocs/tools.
html#security for details about using keytool
■ Oracle Containers for J2EE Security Guide for details about using
keytool

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Oracle JDeveloper Design Time

To access secured WSDLs, Oracle JDeveloper must be configured at design time just
like Oracle BPEL Server.

Oracle BPEL Server Runtime

This section describes how to configure HTTP/S with the partner link Web service
server and the Oracle BPEL Server client side certificates.

HTTP/S with Partner Link Server Certificate Authentication Only Follow these steps to
configure Oracle BPEL Process Manager for this environment:
1. Ensure that the keystore is configured appropriately to invoke the
mutually-trusted certificate or the server certificate of the partner link.
a. Connect through the Web browser to the endpoint URL of the service to
invoke. After connecting to the server, a pop-up window displays the
following message (if you have not already updated your browser's store with
this certificate):
Security Alert: Do you trust this certificate or not?

b. Enter yes because you trust this server certificate.

After the page is loaded on Internet Explorer, a lock displays in the status bar
in the bottom right corner of your browser window.
c. Click the lock to display a window that provides details about the certificate.
d. Click the Details tab and copy the certificate to a file (for example, named
TestServiceServerCert.cer). You can use the base64-encoded format.
e. Use that file to import the server certificate to your default truststore. You can
use keytool to help with this process.
f. If the default truststore and keystore are the same, the command to import this
certificate into the default cacerts keystore is as follows:
SOA_Oracle_Home\jdk\bin\keytool -import -v -file TestServiceServerCert.cer
-keypass keystore_password -keystore cacerts

g. If you do not want to store the server certificate of the partner link server, you
can ensure that a mutually-trusted root and certificate authority certificate is in
your truststore or keystore.
2. Ensure that the correct keystore is used by OC4J and Oracle BPEL Process
Manager:
If your keystore is the default cacerts file keystore located in SOA_Oracle_
Home\jdk\jre\lib\security directory, no changes are required. If not, then
edit obsetenv.bat (or obsetenv.sh for UNIX installations) to include the
following lines:
–Djavax.net.ssl.keyStore=path_to_your_certificate_store
-Djavax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword=your_keystore_password

Note: While you can also edit the startorabpel.bat file (or
startorabpel.sh file for UNIX installations) to include these lines,
Oracle recommends that you instead edit the obsetenv.* file for
your operating system.

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-17

Invoking Secured Services (Outbound)

3. If you are using a different truststore from the default, you should enter the
following:
-Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=path_to_truststore
-Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=your_truststore_password

See Also:
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/tooldocs/tools.h
tml#security for details about using keytool

HTTP/S with Partner Link Server and Oracle BPEL Server Client Certificate Authentication This
section describes how to configure the Oracle BPEL Server client. The steps to
configure the client to invoke partner links that require client authentication are
similar to the steps to invoke partner links with only server side authentication
enabled. The difference is the keystore that BPEL uses for this environment has the
following certificates in the following locations:
■ Its own (that is, the host OC4J server certificate in the keystore)
■ The client certificate or a mutually-trusted CA certificate in the keystore and
truststore
The high level steps involved are as follows:
1. Set up OC4J to use SSL, as described in "Step 1: Configuring OC4J" on page 1-8.
2. Ensure that a mutually-trusted certification authority certificate is in the truststore
and keystore.
3. Ensure that the correct keystore and truststore are used by OC4J and BPEL, as
described in Step 2 of "HTTP/S with Partner Link Server Certificate
Authentication Only" on page 1-17.

WS-Security-Compliant Services
If a partner link expects WS-Security-compliant authentication tokens, BPEL can be
configured to invoke the partner link with these. (See Figure 1–3 on page 1-15.)
Table 1–3 shows the relevant properties. These properties are configurable at the
individual partner link level.

Table 1–3 Properties

Property Name Description On Change
wsseHeaders Creates a WS-Security UsernameToken with the Takes effect
following values: immediately
■ propagate
If the process has been invoked securely, these
credentials are also used for the outbound direction.
■ credentials
Passes credentials from the descriptor
wsseUsername The user name for the token (required) Takes effect
immediately
wssePassword The password for the token (optional) Takes effect
immediately

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See Also:
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for additional
details about these deployment descriptor properties
■ Web Services Security (WS-Security) Specifications available at the
following URL:
http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_
abbrev=wss

SOAP Binding
When using SOAP binding, there are four possible cases:
■ Case 1
Propagation of the credentials over a partner link (if the process is invoked
securely over any API) for WS-Security headers
■ Case 2
Propagation of the credentials over a partner link (if the process is invoked
securely over any API) for basic authentication
■ Case 3
Static definition of a user name and password put into a WS-Security compliant
user name token, and sent out
■ Case 4
Static definition of a user name and password that is used for
http-basic-authentication, and sent out

Configuration By default, Oracle BPEL Server does not propagate any credentials, even
if the process is invoked securely. All partner links that are used within a BPEL process
are defined in bpel.xml (found in the BPEL suitcase).
<partnerLinkBindings>
<partnerLinkBinding name="client">
<property name="wsdlLocation">CreditRatingService.wsdl</property>
</partnerLinkBinding>
</partnerLinkBindings>

For case 1, add the following property (which causes BPEL to add the
process-credentials to the outgoing call):
<property name="wsseHeaders">propagate</property>

For case 2, add the following (attached to the SOAP call(setUsername,

setPassword)):
<property name="basicHeaders">propagate</property>

For case 3, add the following (which builds a WS-Security Header):

<property name="wsseHeaders">credentials</property>
<property name="wsseUsername">your_user</property>
<property name="wssePassword">your_password</property>

For case 4, add the following (attached to the SOAP call(setUsername,

setPassword)):
<property name="basicHeaders">credentials</property>

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-19

Invoking Secured Services (Outbound)

<property name="basicUsername">your_user</property>
<property name="basicPassword">your_password</property>

Note: All these properties are on a per partner link basis, so they do
not affect any other partner links as long as they are not specified on
this specific binding.

Since the change to the WS-Security standard in 2004, you need to apply the new
namespace or else it defaults to the
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2002/07/secext namespace. To apply the
new namespace, add the following property:
<property name="wsseOASIS2004Compliant">true</property>

Axis Services with Custom Authentication Handlers

Table 1–4 shows the configurable properties at the partner link level for Axis services.

Table 1–4 Properties

Property Name Description On Change
basicHeaders Creates a WS-Security UsernameToken with the Takes effect
following values: immediately
■ propagate
If the process has been invoked securely, these
credentials are also used for the outbound direction.
■ credentials
Passes credentials from the descriptor
basicUsername The user name for the token (required) Takes effect
immediately
basicPassword The password for the token (optional) Takes effect
immediately

J2EE Basic Authentication Protected Services (HTTP)

This section describes HTTP basic authentication.
The section contains the following topics:
■ HTTP Basic Authentication (10.1.2.0.2)
■ HTTP Binding (10.1.3)

HTTP Basic Authentication (10.1.2.0.2)

Table 1–5 shows the deployment descriptor properties configurable at the partner link
level. These properties can be set to authenticate services that use HTTP headers for
authentication in 10.1.2.0.2.

Table 1–5 Properties

Property Name Description On Change
httpUsername This is used for HTTP user name/password Takes effect
authentication immediately

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Table 1–5 (Cont.) Properties

Property Name Description On Change
httpPassword This is used for HTTP user name/password Takes effect
authentication immediately

HTTP Binding (10.1.3)

Starting with Oracle BPEL Process Manager release 10.1.3, all partner link properties
are automatically propagated into the HTTP header. However, when outbound HTTP
binding is used, credentials can be used for basic authentication, if configured:
<property name="httpBasicHeaders">credentials</property>

<property name="httpBasicUsername">your_username</property>
<property name="httpBasicPassword">your_password</property>

Or they can simply be propagated from the process instance:

<property name="httpBasicHeaders">propagate</property>

Java and EJB Binding (10.1.3)

Starting with Oracle BPEL Process Manager release 10.1.3, partner link properties can
be propagated into the implementing class or EJB by implementing this interface:
com.oracle.bpel.client.wsif.IjavaEjbPlnkBindingInfo

It contains the following method:

/**
* This method will be called immediately after the new instance
* of the class/bean has been created
*
* @param pProperties the map containing name/value pairs
*/
public void setPlnkProperties(HashMap pProperties);

This method is called directly after the class or bean has been created, and the map
contains all partner link properties.

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-21

Oracle BPEL Control and Oracle BPEL Admin Console Users and Roles

Oracle BPEL Control and Oracle BPEL Admin Console Users and Roles
The Oracle Application Server oc4jadmin administrator account enables you to log
into Oracle BPEL Control and Oracle BPEL Admin Console and manage BPEL
processes. Beginning with this release, both consoles are fully integrated with Oracle
Application Server J2EE and JAAS security features.
In addition, Oracle BPEL Process Manager automatically includes a set of users, roles,
and domains for performing BPEL process management from Oracle BPEL Control
and Oracle BPEL Admin Console. Table 1–6 describes these features:

Table 1–6 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Roles, Users, and Domains
Users Roles Domains
■ bpeladmin ■ BPMSystemAdmin default — Enables you to
partition and manage
User account with the Provides access to all
instances of your processes.
BPMSystemAdmin role domains accessible through
You can create additional
and a default password Oracle BPEL Control and
domains, as necessary.
of welcome1. Oracle BPEL Admin
Console.
■ default ■ BPMDefaultDomainAdmin
User account with the Provides access to only the
BPMDefaultDomainAd default domain accessible
min role and a default through Oracle BPEL
password of welcome1. Control. This role does not
provide access to Oracle
BPEL Admin Console.

The Oracle Application Server oc4jadmin administrator account also includes the
BPMSystemAdmin role.
Passwords for the oc4jadmin, bpeladmin, and default users can be changed
through Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Application Server Control Console. Oracle
recommends that you change the passwords for the bpeladmin and default users
after installation.
Use the oc4jadmin user account when creating application server connections in the
Connection Navigator of Oracle JDeveloper. Other user accounts, such as
bpeladmin, default, or any new user accounts you created, do not have the RMI
permissions and cannot be used when creating application server connections in
Oracle JDeveloper.
You can create new users and groups and assign them to new domains or the default
domain automatically included with Oracle BPEL Process Manager.
This section provides the following examples:
■ Example 1: Creating New Users and Groups to Access New BPEL Domains
■ Example 2: Creating a New User to Access the Default BPEL Domain
■ Example 3: Creating a New User to Access All BPEL Domains

Notes: These examples use a:/home/oc4j/bpel/lib as the

directory location for orabpel-boot.jar. Substitute this path with
the one appropriate to your environment.

1-22 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Oracle BPEL Control and Oracle BPEL Admin Console Users and Roles

See Also:
■ Appendix A, "Demo User Community" for additional details
about the BPMSystemAdmin and BPMDefaultDomainAdmin
roles
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for additional
details about the BPMSystemAdmin and
BPMDefaultDomainAdmin roles and domain management
■ Oracle Application Server Administrator’s Guide for instructions on
changing the oc4jadmin, bpeladmin, and default passwords
■ Oracle Containers for J2EE Security Guide for information about Java
SSO (JSSO), OracleAS JAAS Provider Admintool examples, and
additional security management tools available for file-based
providers and Oracle identity management providers

Example 1: Creating New Users and Groups to Access New BPEL Domains
This section describes how to create a new user and group to access a new BPEL
domain. In this example, you use Oracle Internet Directory to create the user and
group and the OracleAS JAAS Provider Admintool of the XML-based JAZN provider
to grant the necessary domain permissions to the new user and group. The
management tool to use to create the user and group is based on the type of identity
service provider you are using.
1. Configure the 10.1.3.1.0 identity service with 10.1.2 Oracle Internet Directory as
described in "Configuring Identity Service 10.1.3.1.0 with 10.1.2 Oracle Internet
Directory" on page 2-7.
2. Create a new domain in the Oracle BPEL Admin Console named soaAdmin.
3. Create a new user named soaAdmin and group named
BPMsoaAdminDomainAdmin in Oracle Internet Directory.
4. Use the JAZN Admin tool to grant domain permissions to user soaAdmin or
group BPMsoaAdminDomainAdmin:
java -Xbootclasspath/a:/home/oc4j/bpel/lib/orabpel-boot.jar -jar jazn.jar
-shell -grantperm jazn.com -user soaAdmin com.collaxa.security.DomainPermission
soaAdmin all

or
java -Xbootclasspath/a:/home/oc4j/bpel/lib/orabpel-boot.jar -jar jazn.jar
-shell -grantperm jazn.com -role BPMsoaAdminDomainAdmin
com.collaxa.security.DomainPermission soaAdmin all

where:
– com.collaxa.security.DomainPermission — Is the name of the
permission class. This permission class does not provide access to Oracle BPEL
Admin Console.
– soaAdmin — Is a parameter to the permission class. This parameter indicates
the name of the domain to which the user has access.
– all — Is a parameter to the permission class. This parameter indicates the
level of actions the user or group can perform.

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-23

Oracle BPEL Control and Oracle BPEL Admin Console Users and Roles

Note: The user soaAdmin or group BPMsoaAdminDomainAdmin

receives either all or no privileges in the soaAdmin domain. You
cannot assign specific actions to a user or group, such as specifying
read-only permissions, update permissions, and so on.

5. Log into Oracle BPEL Control.

Example 2: Creating a New User to Access the Default BPEL Domain

This section describes how to create a new user to access the default BPEL domain
automatically included with Oracle BPEL Process Manager. In this example, you use
the OracleAS JAAS Provider Admintool to create a user and grant the
BPMDefaultDomainAdmin role to the user. The management tool to use to create the
user is based on the type of identity service provider you are using.
1. Create a user named mike in realm jazn.com with a password of welcome.
% java -Xbootclasspath/a:/home/oc4j/bpel/lib/orabpel-boot.jar -jar jazn.jar
-shell -adduser jazn.com mike welcome

2. Grant the role BPMDefaultDomainAdmin to user mike in realm jazn.com.

% java -Xbootclasspath/a:/home/oc4j/bpel/lib/orabpel-boot.jar -jar jazn.jar
-shell -grantrole BPMDefaultDomainAdmin jazn.com mike

3. Log into Oracle BPEL Control.

Example 3: Creating a New User to Access All BPEL Domains

This section describes how to create a new user to access all BPEL domains. In this
example, you use the OracleAS JAAS Provider Admintool to create a user and grant
the BPMSystemAdmin role to the user. The management tool to use to create the user
is based on the type of identity service provider you are using. This user also receives
the com.collaxa.security.ServerPermission permission. This permission
provides access to all domains and to Oracle BPEL Admin Console. This permission
also automatically includes the default
(com.collaxa.security.DomainPermission) permission.
1. Create a user named mike in realm jazn.com with a password of welcome.
% java -Xbootclasspath/a:/home/oc4j/bpel/lib/orabpel-boot.jar -jar jazn.jar
-shell -adduser jazn.com mike welcome

2. Grant the role BPMSystemAdmin to user mike in realm jazn.com.

% java -Xbootclasspath/a:/home/oc4j/bpel/lib/orabpel-boot.jar -jar jazn.jar
-shell -grantrole BPMSystemAdmin jazn.com mike

3. Log into Oracle BPEL Control.

1-24 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Default and Custom Validators

Two types of identity store validators are available for authenticating users:
■ Using the Default Validator
■ Creating a Custom Validator

Using the Default Validator

Oracle BPEL Process Manager provides a bridge to your identity store through the
BPEL Identity Service. For example, in Oracle Application Server you can use JAZN,
Oracle Internet Directory (OID), or a custom repository plug-in as your identity store.
If you want to invoke a BPEL process, your user name must be in the configured store,
or, in the case of JAZN, created in SOA_Oracle_
Home\j2ee\home\config\system-jazn-data.xml (for the Oracle BPEL Process
Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier installation type). For example:
<user>
<name>Clemens</name>
<credentials>!yourpassword</credentials>
</user>

BPEL security validation is evaluated in the following order:

■ If the BPEL suitcase contains the credentials within the configurations tag in
bpel.xml. For example:
<property name="user">Clemens</property>
<property name="pw">your_password</property>

■ If a role is specified in the BPEL suitcase, the user specified in the request must
exist in the identity management store and must belong to that group.
<property name="role">administrators</property>

This method is useful when many processes are used and identity management
cannot be reconfigured with a new role for each process.
■ If neither of the security validators described above are found, BPEL concatenates
the process name and ExecutionRole and expects the supplied user to belong to
a role of that name. For example, if user Clemens invokes the
CreditRatingService process, he must belong to a group named
CreditRatingServiceExecutionRole as defined in your identity store (for
example, system-jazn-data.xml if you are using JAZN):
<role>
<name>CreditRatingServiceExecutionRole</name>
<members>
<member>
<type>user</type>
<name>Clemens</name>
</member>
</members>
</role>

See Also:
■ "Configuring the Identity Service" on page 2-1
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for additional
details about BPEL identity services

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-25

Default and Custom Validators

Creating a Custom Validator

It is sometimes necessary to implement a custom validator when the default does not
meet your requirements. To accomplish this, the following interface must be
implemented and the message handler reconfigured.
/**
* This source is proprietary to ORACLE CORPORATION
* 2005, All rights reserved
*/
package com.oracle.bpel.security;

import com.oracle.bpel.client.ServerException;

import com.oracle.bpel.client.NormalizedMessage;
import com.oracle.bpel.client.BPELProcessId;

/**
* Public abstract class that has to be implemented
* for having a valid ACLManager that is used by the BPEL server
* for authentication & authorization
*
* @version 1.1
*/
public abstract class ACLManager extends BaseACLManager {

/**
* Public constructor that should use a cache for connections
* and care about other stuff.
* @throws com.oracle.bpel.client.ServerException
* @since 1.0
*/
public ACLManager() throws ServerException
{
}

/**
* Checks if a user is valid in the context of a secured Process
*
* @return valid or not
* @param pMessage the message will hold all information, including
* the domain information and headers
* @throws ServerException in case something breaks
*/
public abstract boolean validateUser
(BPELProcessId pProcessID, NormalizedMessage pMessage) throws
ServerException;

/**
* Checks if a user is allowed to execute (=invoke) a certain revision
* (if given) of a process.
*
* @return true if he is otherwise false
* @param pProcessId the name, domain and revision of the process
* @param pMessage the message will hold all information, including
* the domain information and headers
* @throws ServerException in case something breaks
*/
public abstract boolean isAllowedToExecuteProcess
(BPELProcessId pProcessID, NormalizedMessage pMessage)
throws ServerException;

1-26 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Default and Custom Validators

/**
* Checks if a user is allowed to execute (=invoke) a certain activity
* of a process.
*
* @return true if he is otherwise false
* @param pProcessId the name, domain and revision of the process
* @param pActivityName the name of the Activity
* @param pMessage the message will hold all information, including
* the domain information and headers
* @throws ServerException in case something breaks
*/
public abstract boolean isAllowedToExecuteActivity
(BPELProcessId pProcessID, NormalizedMessage pMessage, String pActivityName)
throws ServerException;

/**
* Checks if a user is allowed to lookup a certain revision
* (if given) of a process.
*
* @return true if he is otherwise false
* @param pMessage the message will hold all information, including
* the domain information and headers
* @param pProcessId the name, domain and revision of the process
* @throws ServerException in case something breaks
*/
public abstract boolean isAllowedToLookupProcess
(BPELProcessId pProcessID, NormalizedMessage pMessage)
throws ServerException;

/**
* Checks if a user is allowed to lookup a certain activity of a process.
*
* @return true if he is otherwise false
* @param pActivityName the name of the Activity
* @param pProcessId the name, domain and revision of the process
* @throws ServerException in case something breaks
*/
public abstract boolean isAllowedToLookupActivity
(BPELProcessId pProcessID, NormalizedMessage pMessage, String pActivityName)
throws ServerException;

After implementation, the class must reside in SOA_Oracle_

Home\bpel\system\classes to be reached by the class loader. The second step is
to reconfigure the following property in message-handlers.xml:
<property id="ACLManager">
<value>com.oracle.bpel.security.validator.bpmid.BPMIdentityValidator</value>
<comment>BPMIdentityValidator uses the server configured security such
as JAAS to validate the user against
</comment>
</property>

where value must point to the classname (including the package) of the implemented
validator class.

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-27

Invoking a Partner Web Service through a Proxy Server

You can configure Oracle BPEL Process Manager to invoke a partner Web service
through a proxy server.
For example, assume Oracle BPEL Process Manager is installed on a host named
internal123.company.com and one of your deployed BPEL processes must invoke
a synchronous Web service hosted outside the fire wall at
http://services.myPartner.com. All the outbound HTTP traffic must be routed
through an HTTP proxy server located at myproxy004.company.com on port 8090.
Perform the following steps to configure ant tasks and Oracle BPEL Process Manager
to invoke the partner Web service through an HTTP proxy server.
1. Open the SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\bin\obsetenv.bat file on Windows or
SOA_Oracle_Home/bpel/bin/obsetenv.sh file on Unix or Linux.
2. Modify the line set OB_JAVA_PROPERTIES= as follows:
set OB_JAVA_PROPERTIES="-Dhttp.proxySet=true"
"-Dhttp.proxyHost=myproxy004.company.com"
"-Dhttp.proxyPort=8090" "-Dhttp.nonProxyHosts=internal123.company.com"

By setting http.proxySet to true, you activate the client proxy and redirect all
the outbound traffic through http.proxyHost and http.proxyPort. By
setting the http.nonProxyHosts to the server that hosts Oracle BPEL Server,
you prevent the local request from going through the proxy. You may want to
expand the nonProxyHosts list to include other servers inside your corporate
network or other logical names for the internal123 host by using | as a
delimiter.

Using Oracle Web Services Manager for Authorization, Message

Encryption, and Digital Signatures
There are several security features for which Oracle BPEL Process Manager does not
currently provide native support. For those features, Oracle Web Services Manager can
be used. Oracle Web Services Manager provides sophisticated authentication
capabilities. Oracle Web Services Manager supports authentication using HTTP basic
authentication, COREid, Netegrity, LDAP, and X.509 Certificates, and WS-Security.
This section contains the following topics:
■ Authorization
■ Message Encryption and Decryption
■ Digital Signatures

See Also:
■ Oracle Web Services Manager Installation Guide
■ Oracle Web Services Manager Deployment Guide
■ Oracle Web Services Manager User and Administrator Guide
■ Oracle Web Services Manager Upgrade Guide
■ Oracle Web Services Manager Extensibility Guide

1-28 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Summary

Authorization
Outbound authorization in the context of BPEL invoking a service is within the
responsibility of the service provider and its implementation of authorization. While
Oracle BPEL Process Manager has no current native support for inbound
authorization, Oracle Web Services Manager provides the following capabilities to let
authorized users access BPEL processes:
■ Supports authorization based on the information contained in any part of the XML
message or body
■ Provides the following fine-grained access control:
– Access control at the service level
– Access control at the SOAP method level
■ Supports WS-Security

Message Encryption and Decryption

This section describes the actual message encryption. XML encryption is covered by
the WS-Security profile. While Oracle BPEL Process Manager has no current native
support for XML encryption, Oracle Web Services Manager provides the following
encryption and decryption features:
■ WS-security compliant message and content encryption and decryption
■ Full or partial message encryption, enabling you to specify an XPath expression to
the part of the message that requires encryption.

Digital Signatures
While Oracle BPEL Process Manager has no current native support for digital
signatures, Oracle Web Services Manager provides digital signatures and signature
verification capabilities. When a client invokes a service, Oracle Web Services Manager
performs the following tasks:
■ Intercepts this request
■ Checks if the service has a digital signature verification policy to be honored
■ Verifies the signature
■ Passes this request to BPEL to be serviced
Similarly, when BPEL invokes a partner link, Oracle Web Services Manager attaches a
digital signature to the SOAP header of the message.

Summary
This chapter describes how to perform the following procedures:
■ Secure a BPEL process in which interaction is initiated by an inbound client service
request sent to Oracle BPEL Server. The following security methods are described:
SSL authentication, J2EE basic authentication, and native BPEL security extension
authentication.
■ Invoke secured services in which interaction is initiated by an outbound client
request sent from Oracle BPEL Server to the server on which the partner link Web
service is running. The following security methods are described: SSL
authentication, WS-Security-compliant services, HTTP basic authentication

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Security 1-29

Summary

protected services, Axis services with custom authentication handlers, and native
BPEL security extensions.
This chapter also provides details about the default and custom identity store
providers available with Oracle BPEL Process Manager. An overview of Oracle Web
Service Manager is also provided. Oracle Web Service Manager can be used to provide
authorization, message encryption and decryption, and digital signature support with
Oracle BPEL Process Manager.

1-30 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

2
Service Configuration

This chapter describes configuration procedures for Oracle BPEL Process Manager
services.
This chapter contains the following topics:
■ Configuring the Identity Service
■ Configuring the Notification Services
■ Configuring the Workflow Service
■ Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server
Service Registry
■ Summary

Configuring the Identity Service

The identity service is a thin Web service layer on top of the Oracle Application Server
10g security infrastructure, namely OracleAS JAAS Provider (JAZN), or any custom
user repository. The identity service enables authentication and authorization of users
and the lookup of user properties, roles, group memberships, and privileges.
The following sections describe how to configure the identity service.
■ Structure of the Identity Service Configuration File
■ Configuration for the XML-Based JAZN Provider
■ Configuring Identity Service 10.1.3.1.0 with 10.1.2 Oracle Internet Directory
■ Configuration for a Third-Party LDAP Server
■ Configuration for Custom Identity Repository Plug-ins
■ Setting Up Group Ownership

See Also: Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for details
about creating realms, users, and groups; supported identity service
providers; and user and group properties

Structure of the Identity Service Configuration File

The identity service configuration is defined in the is_config.xml file. The file must
be located in a directory that is included in the CLASSPATH of Oracle BPEL Process
Manager. By default, it is stored in
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config

Service Configuration 2-1

Configuring the Identity Service

The XML schema for the is_config.xml file is stored in:

SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\schema\is_config.xsd

Figure 2–1 shows the root element configuration, which can contain many
configurations.

Figure 2–1 ISConfiguration Root Configuration

The identity service configuration file (as defined by is_config.xsd) consists of a

root element ISConfiguration, which can have many configurations. Each
configuration must be named in the realmName attribute. If several configurations are
defined in is_config.xml, one configuration must be marked as default.
The identity service supports the following plug-in types: JAZN provider, third-party
LDAP directories, or custom repository plug-ins. Each type defines providers used by
the identity service.
You can specify more then one provider for each configuration. A provider is always
associated with one of the possible services (identity, authorization, or authentication).
By default, the provider uses the identity service, unless otherwise specified in the
service attribute. At least one provider associated with the identity service must be
defined in the configuration.

provider Element
The provider element specifies the providerType, which can be JAZN, LDAP, or
CUSTOM, provider name (optional), and any provider-specific properties.
Figure 2–2 shows the provider element configuration.

2-2 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

Figure 2–2 provider Element

Note: If the providerType is JAZN, the value for configuration

attribute realmName must match the existing JAZN realm defined in
jazn.xml.

For example, in the case of the JAZN XML provider, you must set the providerType
attribute to JAZN and specify the value of the userPropertiesFile attribute. See
"Configuration for the XML-Based JAZN Provider" on page 2-6 for more information
about userPropertiesFile.
Similarly, if you use a custom plug-in to the identity service, you must set the
providerType attribute to CUSTOM. You then specify the class name for custom
identity service plug-in implementation, as follows:
<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>
<ISConfiguration xmlns="http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig">
<configurations>
<configuration realmName="jazn.com">
<provider providerType="JAZN" name="xml" service="Identity">
<property name="userPropertiesFile" value="users-properties.xml"/>
</provider>
<provider providerType="CUSTOM"
name="CustomPlugIn" service="Authentication"
class="package.name.CustomAuthenticationService" />
</configuration>
</configurations>
</ISConfiguration>

Multiple Service Providers The identity service supports multiple service parameters. In
the code example above, one configuration is defined with two service providers. The
configuration has one JAZN provider associated with the default identity service and
another CUSTOM provider used for the authentication service. Therefore, the custom

Service Configuration 2-3

Configuring the Identity Service

provider is used for user authentication calls while the JAZN XML provider is used for
all authorization and identity service inquires.

Figure 2–3 connection Configuration

The connection can specify connection pool properties by setting the following
attributes on the pool element:
■ initsize—initial size of the connection pool

2-4 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

■ maxsize—maximum size of the connection pool

■ prefsize— preferred size of the pool
■ timeout—time after which the connection is released if there is no activity (in
seconds)
The LDAP plug-in for the identity service uses the following default values:
■ initsize="2"
■ maxsize="25"
■ prefsize="10"
■ timeout="60"
If you are using a custom identity service plug-in, you can also specify any additional
connection-specific properties as name-value pairs.

userControls and roleControls Elements

The userControls element is used to define user controls and to restrict the LDAP
user search. Figure 2–4 shows the structure of the userControls element.

Figure 2–4 userControls Element

The roleControls element is used to define role controls and restrict the LDAP role
search. Figure 2–5 shows the structure of the roleControls element.

Figure 2–5 roleControls Element

Both userControls and roleControls can have a search element that has the
following optional attributes:

Service Configuration 2-5

Configuring the Identity Service

■ searchbase—a list of LDAP entries, the distinguished names (DNs) of user or

group containers.
■ scope—determines the search level. The value can be onelevel, in which the
search descends one level from the supplied DN, or subtree, in which the search
descends the hierarchy from the DN to the lowest level in the tree.
■ maxSizeLimit—the maximum number of elements that are fetched from LDAP
during a search operation
■ maxTimeLimit—the maximum time to wait to retrieve elements from an LDAP
search
By default, the LDAP provider for the identity service uses the following values:
maxSizeLimit ="1000", maxTimeLimit ="120" (sec), and scope="subtree".

Configuration for the XML-Based JAZN Provider

The default provider included with Oracle BPEL Process Manager is XML-based
JAZN. The JAZN element is defined as follows:
jazn provider="XML" location="./system-jazn-data.xml"/

This element is in:

SOA_Oracle_Home\j2ee\home\config\jazn.xml

The identity service configuration file must specify the userPropertiesFile

property and provide the value of the file name where all user properties are stored:
<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>
<ISConfiguration xmlns="http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig">
<configurations>
<configuration realmName="jazn.com">
<provider providerType="JAZN" name="xml" service="Identity">
<property name="userPropertiesFile" value="users-properties.xml"/>
</provider>
</configurations>
</ISConfiguration>

Note that the users-properties.xml file stores all extended user's properties. This
is not required for JAZN authorization or authentication. However, the BPEL identity
service requires this file to get contact details and the organizational hierarchy for
users. If this file is not created, the following can occur:
■ Certain workflow functionality such as notifications, manager views, or task
escalation may not work.
■ Workflow rule creation is disabled for all users who do not have the
BPMWorkflowAdmin role.
■ Workflow rule definitions for groups may not work.
By default, the identity service looks for users-properties.xml in the Oracle
BPEL Process Manager classpath. Oracle Universal Installer stores the default
users-properties.xml in
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config

The XML schema for users-properties.xml is stored in

SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\schema\IdentityService.xsd

2-6 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

Note: JAZN realms, users, and roles and groups can be created with
the JAZN Admintool. To add a user to a specified realm, issue the
following command:
java -jar jazn.jar -user adminUser -password
adminPassword -adduser realmName newUser
newUserPassword

See Also:
■ JAZN documentation for information on how to configure the
middle tier to use the XML-based JAZN provider and how to use
the JAZN Admintool
■ The "Oracle BPEL Process Manager Workflow Services" chapter of
the Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for additional
information on creating identity service users and roles

Configuring Identity Service 10.1.3.1.0 with 10.1.2 Oracle Internet Directory

This section describes how to configure the identity service of Oracle BPEL Process
Manager 10.1.3.1.0 with Oracle Internet Directory 10.1.2.
■ Task 1: Perform Preconfiguration Procedures
■ Task 2: Perform Configuration Procedures
■ Step 3: Test the Oracle Internet Directory Configuration
■ Task 4: Configure the Middle Tier to use the LDAP-based JAZN provider with
Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
■ Troubleshooting
■ Reverting from Oracle Internet Directory to the XML-Based JAZN Provider

Task 1: Perform Preconfiguration Procedures

Note: If you are using Oracle Internet Directory in an environment

with multiple OC4J instances (for example, SOA_Oracle_
Home/j2ee/home and SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee/oc4j_soa), you
must manually copy the relevant <jazn> element configuration
section from the jazn.xml file of the home instance to the jazn.xml
file of all other instances. See the section "Considering Multiple OC4J
Instances when Associating Oracle Internet Directory" in the Oracle
Identity Management chapter of the Oracle Containers for J2EE Security
Guide for specific instructions.

Perform the following procedures to ensure that the Oracle Application Server
instance is associated with Oracle Internet Directory.
1. Log in to the Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Application Server Control Console:
http://hostname:port/em

where hostname is name of the host on which Oracle BPEL Process Manager is
installed and port is the Oracle HTTP Server port.

Service Configuration 2-7

Configuring the Identity Service

The Cluster Topology page appears.

2. Click the OC4J instance name in the Members section.
The OC4J: oc4j_name page appears.
3. Click the Administration tab.
4. Go to the Security section in the Task Name column.
5. Click the icon in the Go to Task column for Identity Management.

If Oracle Internet Directory is configured with this Oracle Application Server

instance, details appear on this page.
6. See the following section based on whether Oracle Internet Directory is associated
with an instance.

Is Oracle Internet Directory

Associated with an Instance? See...
Yes "Oracle Internet Directory is Associated with an Oracle
Application Server Instance" on page 2-8
No "Oracle Internet Directory is Not Associated with an Oracle
Application Server Instance" on page 2-9

Oracle Internet Directory is Associated with an Oracle Application Server Instance

1. Review the details that appear on this page to ensure that this is the Oracle
Internet Directory instance you want to use.
2. Return to the Administration tab of the OC4J: oc4j_name page you accessed in Step
3.
3. Go to the Security section.

2-8 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

4. Click the icon in the Go to Task column for Security Providers.

5. Go to the Application Name section.

The orabpel (for Oracle BPEL Process Manager) and hw_services (for human
workflow) applications appear.

6. Click the Edit column for orabpel.

The Security Provider page appears.
7. Click Change Security Provider.
The Change Security Provider page appears.
8. Select Oracle Identity Management Security Provider from the Security Provider
Type list.
9. Click OK.
10. Repeat Steps 6 through 9 for hw_services (human workflow).

Oracle Internet Directory is Not Associated with an Oracle Application Server Instance
1. Click Configure to create a new association or Change to associate a different
Oracle Internet Directory with the Oracle Application Server instance.
2. Provide appropriate responses to the questions that appear. If you want to use
SSL, provide the specific SSL port number of your Oracle Internet Directory
instance. If not, specify the non-SSL port of your Oracle Internet Directory
instance.
3. Click Next.
4. If you want to associate Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Application Server Control
Console with Oracle Internet Directory, provide appropriate details on this page.
5. Click Next.
6. Click orabpel and hw_services to use Oracle Internet Directory as the security
provider.
7. Click Configure.

Service Configuration 2-9

Configuring the Identity Service

Task 2: Perform Configuration Procedures

This section describes how to seed users into Oracle Internet Directory, configure the
identity service, and grant privileges to BPM roles.

Note: The path name delimiter used in this example, /, is for UNIX.
If you are using Windows, assume that the path name delimiter is \.

1. Ensure that the ORACLE_HOME environment variable is set to the root directory of
the Oracle Application Server instance being configured.
2. Open an operating system command prompt and go to the following directory,
which includes the configuration scripts:
SOA_Oracle_Home/bpel/system/services/install/ant-tasks

3. Execute either configure_oid.bat (for Windows operating systems) or

configure_oid.sh (for Unix operating system) with the required parameters.
Oracle recommends you use the bash shell to execute the script on Linux. For
example, to run this script on Linux:
sh ./configure_oid.sh oid_admin_user oid_admin_passwd
oid_nonssl_port ssl_enabled oid_realm_name seedAllUsers | seedRequiredUsers
oc4j_admin_user oc4j_admin_passwd oc4j_container_name

For example:
sh ./configure_oid.sh orcladmin welcome 389 false us seedAllUsers oc4jadmin
welcome1 oc4j_soa

The execution of this command internally modifies the SOA_Oracle_

Home/bpel/system/services/config/is_config.xml file. The file
contents look as follows:
<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>
<ISConfiguration
xmlns="http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig">
<configurations>
<configuration realmName="us" displayName="us Realm">
<provider providerType="JAZN" name="OID">
<connection url="ldap://my.oid.com:389"
binddn="cn=orcladmin" password="passwd" encrypted="false"/>
</provider>
</configuration>
</configurations>
</ISConfiguration>

The command also modifies the J2EE_Home/application-deployments/hw_

services/orion-application.xml and J2EE_
Home/application-deployments/orabpel/orion-application.xml
files and adds the Oracle Internet Directory details to the descriptor.
where J2EE_Home is:
■ SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee/OC4J_Instance_Name for Oracle Application
Server SOA installations.
■ SOA_Oracle_Home/bpel/system/appserver/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_
Instance_Name for Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier
installations.

2-10 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

The file contents look as follows:

<?xml version = '1.0'?>
<orion-application
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=
"http://xmlns.oracle.com/oracleas/schema/orion-application-10_0.xsd"
deployment-version="10.1.3.1.0"
default-data-source="jdbc/OracleDS"
component-classification="internal-BPEL"
schema-major-version="10"
schema-minor-version="0">
. . .
. . .
. . .
<jazn provider="LDAP" jaas-mode="doAsPrivileged"/>
. . .
. . .
. . .
</orion-application>

The configure_oid script also grants required privileges to the

BPMSystemAdmin role and the BPMDefaultDomainAdmin role.
4. If you encounter operating system-specific problems, proceed as follows:
a. Ensure that OC4J_Home points to the correct directory. This is typically SOA_
Oracle_Home/j2ee/home for an Oracle BPEL Process Manager for
OracleAS Middle Tier install and SOA_Oracle_Home/bpel/
system/appserver/oc4j/j2ee/home for an Oracle BPEL Process
Manager for Developers install.
b. Ensure that Ant_Home points to the correct directory. This is typically SOA_
Oracle_Home/ant for an Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS
Middle Tier installation and SOA_Oracle_Home/bpel/
system/appserver/oc4j/ant for an Oracle BPEL Process Manager for
Developer’s installation.
c. Ensure that Java_Home points to the correct directory. This is typically SOA_
Oracle_Home/jdk.
d. Ensure that your PATH variable points to Ant_Home/bin and Java_
Home/bin.
e. Verify that you correctly specified all parameter values in Step 3.
f. Execute the following command (entered on a single, wrapping line):
ant -f oid-config.xml -Doid.admin.user=oid_admin_user_name
-Doid.admin.pwd=oid_admin_password
-Doid.nonssl.port=non_ssl_port
-Dssl.enabled=is_ssl_enabled
-Doid.realm=oid_realm_name
-Doid.seed=seedAllUsers | seedRequiredUsers
-Doc4j.admin.user=oc4j_admin_user_name
-Doc4j.admin.pwd=oc4j_admin_password
-Doc4j.container=oc4j_container_name

For example:
ant -f oid-config.xml -Doid.admin.user=orcladmmin
-Doid.admin.pwd=welcome1
-Doid.nonssl.port=389 -Dssl.enabled=false

Service Configuration 2-11

Configuring the Identity Service

-Doid.realm=us -Doid.seed=seedAllUsers
-Doc4j.admin.user=oc4jadmin -Doc4j.admin.pwd=welcome1
–Doc4j.container=oc4j_soa

Note: The username and realm are not specified as cn=orcladmin

or dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com, respectively. Instead use
orcladmin and us.

The parameters you specify are defined as follows:

Parameter Value
oid.admin.user A user with administrative privileges over your Oracle Internet
Directory instance. This is typically orcladmin.
oid.admin.pwd The password of the user specified for the administrative user of
Oracle Internet Directory.
oid.nonssl.port The non-SSL port of the Oracle Internet Directory instance. The
Oracle Internet Directory instance must be running on both the SSL
and non-SSL ports.
ssl.enabled Set to either of the following values:
■ true — Runs the identity service with SSL enabled. Note that
JAZN must also be configured with SSL enabled.
■ false — Does not run the identity service with SSL enabled.
oid.realm The realm under which you want to operate in Oracle Internet
Directory.
oid.seed Set either of the following values:
■ seedAllUsers — Seeds the demo users into Oracle Internet
Directory
■ seedRequiredUsers — Seeds only those users required for
proper functioning
oc4j.admin.user A user with administrative privileges over your Oracle Application
Server OC4J instance. This is typically oc4jadmin.
oc4j.admin.pwd The password of the user specified for the administrative user of
OC4J.
oc4j.container The container name where the hw_services (for human workflow)
and orabpel (for Oracle BPEL Process Manager) applications are
deployed. To locate these names, go to SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee
and look for the following directories:
■ SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee/oc4j_
home/application-deployments/orabpel
■ SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee/oc4j_
home/application-deployments/hw_services

See Also:
■ "Reverting from Oracle Internet Directory to the XML-Based
JAZN Provider" on page 2-14
■ Appendix A, "Demo User Community"

2-12 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

Step 3: Test the Oracle Internet Directory Configuration

There are multiple ways to test the Oracle Internet Directory configuration:
■ Use the IdentityService servlet to look up users and roles by going to
http://localhost:9700/integration/services/IdentityService/id
entity?operation=lookupUser.
You can test with the bpeladmin user name to see if the user is seeded correctly.
■ Go to the Oracle BPEL Worklist Application at
http://localhost:9700/integration/worklistapp/Login and enter
bpeladmin as the user name and welcome1 as the password to see if you can
connect.

Task 4: Configure the Middle Tier to use the LDAP-based JAZN provider with
Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
You must use NULL authentication when communicating with Oracle Internet
Directory. NULL authentication means that data is encrypted with the Anonymous
Diffie-Hellman cipher suite, but no certificates are used for authentication.
To use NULL authentication, add a <property> element to the <jazn> element in
jazn.xml and to the <connection> element in is_config.xml to specify a
protocol. You do not need to specify a wallet location or password, because NULL
authentication does not use certificates.
Add the following property element to jazn.xml (shown in bold):
<jazn provider="LDAP" location="ldap://example.com:636" default-realm="us">
<property name="ldap.user" value="cn=orcladmin"/>
<property name="ldap.password" value="!welcome1"/>
<property name="ldap.protocol" value="ssl"/>
</jazn>

See Also: Oracle Containers for J2EE Security Guide for additional
details about JAZN configuration

Troubleshooting
If you cannot log in to Oracle BPEL Worklist Application or Oracle BPEL Control,
ensure that the steps described above have been executed correctly. If the problem
persists, follow these steps:
1. If you think the scripts did not complete successfully, perform the configuration
steps again.
2. Go to SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee/home/application-deployments/hw_
services.
3. Open orion-application.xml in a text editor.
4. Verify that the jaas-mode attribute for the JAZN provider configuration is set to
doAsPrivileged. For example:
<jazn provider="LDAP" jaas-mode="doAsPrivileged"/>

5. Repeat these steps for SOA_Oracle_

Home/j2ee/home/application-deployments/orabpel/orion-applicat
ion.xml.

Service Configuration 2-13

Configuring the Identity Service

Reverting from Oracle Internet Directory to the XML-Based JAZN Provider

Follow these procedures if you need to revert from Oracle Internet Directory back to
XML-based JAZN as the identity service provider.
1. Log in to the Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Application Server Control Console:
http://hostname:port/em

where hostname is the name of the host on which Oracle BPEL Process Manager
is installed and port is the Oracle HTTP Server port.
The Cluster Topology page appears.
2. Click the OC4J instance name in the Members section.
The OC4J: oc4j_name page appears.
3. Click the Administration tab.
4. Go to the Security section in the Task Name column.
5. Click the icon in the Go to Task column for Security Providers.
6. Go to the Application Name section.
The orabpel (for Oracle BPEL Process Manager) and hw_services (for human
workflow) applications appear.
7. Click the Edit column for orabpel.
The Security Provider page appears.
8. Click Change Security Provider.
The Change Security Provider page appears.
9. Select File Based Security Provider from the Security Provider Type list
10. Click OK.

11. Repeat Steps 7 through 10 for hw_services.

12. Log out of Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Application Server Control Console.

13. Go to the SOA_Oracle_home/bpel/system/services/config directory.

14. Delete is_config.xml.

15. Rename is_config.xml.BPM to is_config.xml.

16. If you configured Oracle Internet Directory to use SSL in "Task 4: Configure the
Middle Tier to use the LDAP-based JAZN provider with Secure Socket Layer
(SSL)" on page 2-13, change the following line in the jazn.xml file.
<property name="ldap.protocol" value="ssl"/>

to
<property name="ldap.protocol" value="no-ssl"/>

17. Restart the Oracle Application Server instance for the changes to take affect.
SOA_Oracle_Home/opmn/bin> opmnctl stopall
SOA_Oracle_Home/opmn/bin> opmnctl startall

2-14 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

Configuration for a Third-Party LDAP Server

Note the following considerations when using a third-party LDAP server. The
configuration for Active Directory is slightly different. These differences are also
described.

Note: This section only describes Active Directory configuration on

Windows 2003. This is because Windows 2000 does not permit nested
security groups.

1. The third-party LDAP servers must be configured to use the following standard
objectClasses:

For Active Directory For Other Third-Party LDAP Servers

top top
person person
organizationalPerson organizationalPerson
user inetOrgPerson
group groupOfUniqueNames

LDAP servers usually predefine the list of searchable attributes based on the cn,
firstname, lastname, and email attributes. You can customize the attributes
that can be searchable. The user manager attribute from inetOrgPerson
objectClass should be searchable to allow workflow escalation. See the
documentation for the third-party LDAP server you are using for how to set up
the searchable attribute.
The recommended searchable attribute list is cn, sn, givenName, uid, manager,
title, mail, and telephoneNumber.
2. When you seed Oracle BPEL Process Manager users and roles into the LDAP
server, the process assumes that the users’ and groups’ container is created in
LDAP. To create system and optionally demo ldif files, open the following
template files in:
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config\ldap

For Active Directory For Other Third-Party LDAP Servers

system-winServer2003-ActDir.sbs system-ldap.sbs
demo-winServer2003-ActDir.sbs demo-ldap.sbs
demo-roleGrants-winServer2003-ActDir.
sbs

Replace the substitution variables with the appropriate values, as shown in the
following examples. The actual values to enter depend upon your domain:

LDAP Server Substitution Variable Replace With Value

Active Directory %s_UserContainerDN% cn=Users,dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com
%s_GroupContainerDN% cn=Users,dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com

Service Configuration 2-15

Configuring the Identity Service

LDAP Server Substitution Variable Replace With Value

Other Third-Party LDAP %s_UserCommonNamingAttribute% cn
Servers
%s_UserContainerDN% ou=People,dc=ldapus,dc=acmeorac
le,dc=com
%s_GroupContainerDN% ou=Groups,dc=usldap,dc=acmeorac
le,dc=com

where:
■ %s_UserContainerDN% with a DN, value of the entry under which all users
are supposed to be added. The users container with:
* dn: cn=Users,dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com is used in this example for
Active Directory
* dn: ou=People,dc=usldap,dc=acmeoracle,dc=com is used in this
example for other third-party LDAP servers
■ %s_GroupContainerDN% with a DN value of the entry under which all
public groups are supposed to be added. The groups’ container with:
* dn: cn=Users,dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com is used in this example for
Active Directory
* dn: ou=Groups,dc=ldapus,dc=acmeoracle,dc=com is used in this
example for other third-party LDAP servers
■ %s_UserCommonNamingAttribute% with the value used to construct the
user's DN. In this example for other third-party LDAP servers, the cn value is
used. %s_UserCommonNamingAttribute% and value are not applicable to
Active Directory.
Perform the following steps based on your type of third party LDAP server:
■ For Active Directory:
Run the following commands at the DOS command prompt on Windows
2003:
ldifde.exe -i -k -f system-winServer2003-ActDir.ldif
ldifde.exe -i -k -f demo-winServer2003-ActDir.ldif
ldifde.exe -i -k -f demo-roleGrants-winServer2003-ActDir.ldif

See the following Microsoft Active Directory Documentation for details about
all bulk import options for Active Directory’s ldifde.exe:
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windowsserver2003/technologies
/directory/activedirectory/stepbystep/adbulk.mspx#ECAA

The Windows system administrator must set passwords for all seeded users;
otherwise, worklist application authentication does not work for those users.
■ For other third-party LDAP servers:
Store changes in the system-ldap.ldif and demo-ldap.ldif files. Then
load the system-ldap.ldif file to the LDAP server by using the ldapadd
utility. Optionally, load demo-ldap.ldif with the ldapmodify utility.
For example:
$ldapadd -c -h ldap.acme.com -p 389 -D "cn=admin" -w welcome -f

2-16 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

system-oid.ldif
$ldapmodify -c -h ldap.acme.com -p 389 -D "cn=admin" -w welcome -f
demo-oid.ldif

See the documentation for the third-party LDAP server you are using for
information about the ldapadd and ldapmodify commands.
3. The identity service third-party LDAP provider must specify connection,
userControls, and roleControls elements in the identity service
configuration file.
Identity service third-party LDAP provider implementation defines a set of user
search properties that must be configured:
■ nameattribute—the name of the LDAP attribute that uniquely identifies
the name of the user. In Sun Directory Server, it is uid; in Active Directory, it is
user.
■ objectClass—the LDAP schema object class used to represent a user. In Sun
Directory Server, it is inetOrgPerson.
And a set of role search properties:
■ nameattribute—the name of the LDAP attribute that uniquely identifies
the name of the role. In Sun Directory Server, it is uniqueMember; in Active
Directory, it is member.
■ objectclass—the LDAP schema object class that is used to represent a
group. In Sun Directory Server, it is groupOfUniqueNames. In Active
Directory, it is group.
■ membershipsearchscope—specifies how deep in the LDAP directory tree
to search for role membership. Supported values: onelevel or subtree.
■ memberattribute—The attribute of a static LDAP group object specifying
the distinguished names (DNs) of the members of the group. In Sun Directory
Server, it is uniqueMember; in Active Directory, it is member.
Both userControls and roleControl must define a search element with the
searchbase attribute.
The searchbase attribute of the userControls search element is a space-separated
list of DNs in the LDAP directory that contains users; for example,
cn=users,dc=us,dc=oracle.com,dc=com.
The searchbase attribute of the roleControls search element is a space-separated
list of DNs in the LDAP directory that contains roles; for example,
cn=Groups,dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com.
Examples of two realm LDAP server configurations are shown below:
<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>
<ISConfiguration xmlns="http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig">
<configurations>
<configuration realmName="us" default="true">
<provider providerType="LDAP" name="iPlanet" service="Identity">
<connection url="ldap://host:port"
binddn="uid=admin,ou=administrators,ou=topologymanagement,o=netscaperoot"
password="welcome1" encrypted="false">
<pool initsize="2" maxsize="25" prefsize="10" timeout="60"/>
</connection>
<userControls>
<property name="nameattribute" value="uid"/>
<property name="objectclass" value="inetOrgPerson"/>

Service Configuration 2-17

Configuring the Identity Service

<search searchbase="ou=People, dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com "

scope="obelevel" maxSizeLimit="1000" maxTimeLimit="120"/>
</userControls>
<roleControls>
<property name="nameattribute" value="cn"/>
<property name="objectclass" value="groupOfUniqueNames"/>
<property name="membershipsearchscope" value="onelevel"/>
<property name="memberattribute" value="uniquemember"/>
<search searchbase="ou=Groups,dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com"
scope="onelevel" maxSizeLimit="1000" maxTimeLimit="120"/>
</roleControls>
</provider>
</configuration>
<configuration realmName="idc">
<provider providerType="LDAP" name="openLDAP">
<connection url="ldap://host:port"
binddn="cn=Manager,dc=oracle,dc=com"
password="welcome1" encrypted="true">
<pool initsize="2" maxsize="25" prefsize="10" timeout="300000"/>
</connection>
<userControls>
<property name="nameattribute" value="uid"/>
<property name="objectclass" value="inetOrgPerson"/>
<search searchbase="ou=People,dc=idc,dc=oracle,dc=com"
scope="onelevel" maxSizeLimit="1000"
maxTimeLimit="120000"/>
</userControls>
<roleControls>
<property name="nameattribute" value="cn"/>
<property name="objectclass" value="groupOfUniqueNames"/>
<property name="membershipsearchscope" value="onelevel"/>
<property name="memberattribute" value="uniquemember"/>
<search searchbase="ou=Groups,dc=idc,dc=oracle,dc=com"
scope="onelevel" maxSizeLimit="1000"
maxTimeLimit="120000"/>
</roleControls>
</provider>
</configuration>
</configurations>
</ISConfiguration>

An example for Microsoft Active Directory follows:

<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>
<ISConfiguration xmlns="http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig">
<configurations>
<configuration realmName="AD" >
<provider providerType="LDAP" name="Active Directory" service="Identity">
<connection url="ldap://host:port"
binddn="cn=administrator,cn=Users,dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com"
password="welcome1" encrypted="true">
<pool initsize="2" maxsize="25" prefsize="10" timeout="300000"/>
</connection>
<userControls>
<property name="nameattribute" value="sAMAccountName"/>
<property name="objectclass" value="user"/>
<search searchbase="cn=Users,dc=us,dc=oracle,dc=com"
scope="subtree" maxSizeLimit="1000" maxTimeLimit="120000"/>
</userControls>
<roleControls>
<property name="nameattribute" value="cn"/>

2-18 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Identity Service

<property name="objectclass" value="group"/>

Configuration for Custom Identity Repository Plug-ins

The following example shows how to use configuration properties to configure custom
plug-ins. In this example, the CustomIdentityService class is used to demonstrate
custom repository plug-ins. This class implements the BPMIdentityService
interface.
<?xml version =3D '1.0' encoding =3D 'UTF-8'?>
<ISConfiguration=xmlns=3D"http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig">
<configurations>
<configuration realmName=3D"default">
<provider providerType=3D"CUSTOM" name=3D"DBProvider" class=3D =
"is.custom.plugin.CustomIdentityService">
<connection url=3D"jdbc:polite4@host:1531:orabpel" >
<property name=3D"driver" =value=3D"oracle.lite.poljdbc.POLJDBCDriver"/>
<property name=3D"user" value=3D"system"/>
<property name=3D"password" value=3D"manager"/>
</connection>
</provider>
</configuration>
</configurations>
</ISConfiguration>

In the proceeding example, the configuration defines a provider named DBProvider

that is implemented by the is.custom.plugin.CustomIdentityService class.
The provider uses custom connection properties for driver, user, and password.
In addition to the existing provider properties, you can define custom property
elements that can be added to provider, connection, userControls,
roleControls, and search elements in the configuration file to extend provider
definitions.

Setting Up Group Ownership

The workflow rules for groups can be created and updated by users who are either the
group owner or have the BPMWorkflowAdmin role. This user can own the group
directly or indirectly. The user owns the group or role indirectly if they are a grantee
for another role or group that owns the role or group.

Defining Group Ownership for JAZN XML-Based Providers

Group ownership is an extended role property that is stored in the SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\system\services\config\users-properties.xml file in the
<owners> element of the groupObject.
An owner can be either a user, application role, or group. The <owners> element
value can have several owners separated by commas. For example:
<groupObject>

Service Configuration 2-19

Configuring the Notification Services

<name>LoanAgentGroup</name>
<email>user1@dlsun4254.us.oracle.com</email>
<owners>fkafka, jcooper, BPMAnalyst</owners>
</groupObject>

Defining Group Ownership for JAZN Oracle Internet Directory-Based and

LDAP-Based Providers
Group ownership is defined through the owner attribute. To create an owner of the
group in Oracle Internet Directory, you must use Oracle Delegated Administration
Services. For third-party LDAP servers, use the server's tools or the ldapmodify
utility to set values to the group's owner attribute. The attribute name for owners can
be overwritten with a property element of roleControls in the is_config.xml
identity service configuration file:
<property name="roleOwnerAtribute"
value="customOnwerAttribute" />

Configuring the Notification Services

The notification service in Oracle BPEL Process Manager enables you to send
notifications from a BPEL process using a variety of channels. Oracle BPEL Process
Manager can deliver these notifications by e-mail, voice message, fax, pager, or short
message service (SMS). In addition to configuring notification channels in Oracle
JDeveloper, you must also perform additional configuration procedures.
This section contains the following topics:
■ Configuring the E-mail Server
■ Configuring the Wireless Provider for Voice
■ Configuring the Wireless Provider for SMS
■ Configuring the Wireless Provider for Fax
■ Configuring the Wireless Provider for Pager
■ Configuring the Pluggable Notification Service

See Also: Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for details
about configuring notification channels in Oracle JDeveloper

Configuring the E-mail Server

The file ns_emails.xml in the directory SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\system\services\config contains the configuration for e-mail
accounts. Each EmailAccount element sets the configuration of a specific e-mail
account. The name attribute in the EmailAccount element is the name of the account.
A default e-mail account is specified in the e-mail configuration file. This account is
used when there is no account specified to send an e-mail notification. This account is
also used to send task-related notifications. A default e-mail account must always be
specified in the configuration file.
The EmailAccount element contains the OutgoingServerSettings and
IncomingServerSettings attributes. For actionable notifications in a workflow,
both IncomingServerSettings and OutgoingServerSettings are required.
Table 2–1 describes the XML elements for the e-mail notification configuration stored
in the ns_emails.xml file.

2-20 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Notification Services

Table 2–1 XML Elements for the E-mail Notification Configuration File
Name Description
EmailAccount/Name Name of the account. This can be any name, but
must be unique within this server.
EmailAccount/GeneralSettings/FromNa Name of the From e-mail address
me
EmailAccount/GeneralSettings/FromAd E-mail address for the From e-mail address
dress
EmailAccount/OutgoingServerSettings Name of the outgoing SMTP server
/SMTPHost
EmailAccount/OutgoingServerSettings Port of the outgoing SMTP server
/SMTPPort
EmailAccount/OutgoingServerSet Optional element to specify that authentication is
tings/AuthenticationRequired required for the SMTP server
EmailAccount/OutgoingServerSet Optional element to specify the user name for the
tings/UserName SMTP account
EmailAccount/OutgoingServerSet Optional element to specify the password for the
tings/Password SMTP account
EmailAccount/OutgoingServerSet Encrypted attribute of the password. It is true if
tings/Password[encrypted] the password is encrypted and false if it is not.
You generally set this to false when you first enter
the password. The server automatically encrypts the
password the first time it reads the configuration
file and sets the attribute to true.
EmailAccount/IncomingServerSettings Name of the incoming e-mail server
/Server
EmailAccount/IncomingServerSettings Port of the incoming e-mail server
/Port
EmailAccount/IncomingServerSettings User ID of the e-mail address
/UserName
EmailAccount/IncomingServerSettings User password
/Password
EmailAccount/IncomingServerSettings Encrypted attribute of the password. It is true if
/Password[encrypted the password is encrypted and false if it is not.
Generally, you should set this to false when you
first enter the password. The server automatically
encrypts the password the first time it reads the
configuration file and sets the attribute to true.
EmailAccount/IncomingServerSettings Secure sockets layer (SSL) attribute. It is true if the
/UseSSL incoming server requires SSL and false if it does
not.
EmailAccount/IncomingServerSettings Name of the folder from which to read the incoming
/Folder messages
EmailAccount/IncomingServerSettings Polling interval for reading messages from the
/PollingFrequency incoming messages folder

EmailMimeCharset MIME charset to be used to encode the e-mail from

the address and the subject

Service Configuration 2-21

Configuring the Notification Services

Table 2–1 (Cont.) XML Elements for the E-mail Notification Configuration File
Name Description
NotificationMode The notification mode of the notification service. It
is expected that the notification mode is set to either
ALL or EMAIL after configuring the notification
service for e-mail and other channels. By default,
this value is set to NONE and therefore no
notifications are sent. The possible values for this
attribute are:
■ ALL – the e-mail, SMS, voice, fax, and pager
channels are configured and notification is sent
through any channel.
■ EMAIL – Only the e-mail channel is configured
for sending notification messages.
■ NONE – No channel is configured for sending
notification messages. This is the default
setting.

Example ns_emails.xml File

<EmailAccounts
xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/ias/pcbpel/NotificationService"
EmailMimeCharset=""
NotificationMode="NONE">
<EmailAccount>
<Name>Default</Name>
<GeneralSettings>
<FromName>Oracle BPM</FromName>
<FromAddress>accountId@yourdomain.com</FromAddress>
</GeneralSettings>
<OutgoingServerSettings>
<SMTPHost>yourdomain.com</SMTPHost>
<SMTPPort>25</SMTPPort>
<AuthenticationRequired>true</AuthenticationRequired>
<UserName>userId</UserName>
<Password encrypted="false"
xmlns:ns0="http://xmlns.oracle.com/ias/pcbpel/NotificationService">
password</Password>
</OutgoingServerSettings>
<IncomingServerSettings>
<Server>yourdomain.com</Server>
<Port>110</Port>
<Protocol>pop3</Protocol>
<UserName>accountId</UserName>
<Password ns0:encrypted="false"
xmlns:ns0="http://xmlns.oracle.com/ias/pcbpel/NotificationService">
password</Password>
<UseSSL>false</UseSSL>
<Folder>Inbox</Folder>
<PollingFrequency>1</PollingFrequency>
<PostReadOperation>
<MarkAsRead/>
</PostReadOperation>
</IncomingServerSettings>
</EmailAccount>
</EmailAccounts>

2-22 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Notification Services

Configuring the Wireless Provider for Voice

The configuration for the wireless service provider is stored in an XML file, ns_
iaswconfig.xml, which is in
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config

Table 2–2 describes the XML elements for the voice notification configuration stored in
ns_iaswconfig.xml on the SOA_Oracle_Home server.

Table 2–2 XML Elements for the Voice Notification Configuration File
Name Description
/IASWConfiguration/SoapURL URL of the wireless service provider
/IASWConfiguration/UserName Name of the user account with the wireless service
provider
/IASWConfiguration/Password User password
/IASWConfiguration/Password[encr Encrypted attribute of the password. It is true if the
ypted password is encrypted and false if it is not. Generally,
you should set this to false when you first enter the
password. The server automatically encrypts the
password the first time it reads the configuration file
and sets the attribute to true.
/IASWConfiguration/ProxyHost Name of the proxy server
/IASWConfiguration/ProxyPort Port number of the proxy server

Note: The username and password are intentionally left blank at

installation. If a username or password is not specified, the wireless
server allows up to 50 notifications from a specific IP address. After 50
notifications, you must get a paid account from
http://messenger.oracle.com
You then specify the appropriate username and password in the
configuration file, ns_iaswconfig.xml, or by using Oracle
Enterprise Manager 10g Application Server Control Console.

Example ns_iaswconfig.xml File

<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>

<IASWConfiguration xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/ias/pcbpel/NotificationService">

<SoapURL>http://messenger.oracle.com/xms/webservices</SoapURL>

<UserName>username</UserName>

<Password ns0:encrypted="false"
xmlns:ns0="http://xmlns.oracle.com/ias/pcbpel/NotificationService">password
</Password>
</IASWConfiguration>

Service Configuration 2-23

Configuring the Notification Services

Configuring the Wireless Provider for SMS

As with the voice notification channel, the configuration for the wireless service
provider for SMS is stored in the XML file ns_iaswconfig.xml, which is in
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config

See "Configuring the Wireless Provider for Voice" on page 2-23 to configure a wireless
service provider for SMS.

Configuring the Wireless Provider for Fax

As with the voice notification channel, the configuration for the wireless service
provider for fax is stored in the XML file ns_iaswconfig.xml, which is in
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config

See "Configuring the Wireless Provider for Voice" on page 2-23 to configure a wireless
service provider for fax. Note that you cannot use the Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g
Application Server Control Console to configure a fax provider for this release.

Configuring the Fax Cover Page

To add cover pages for a fax, you must edit the SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\system\services\config\ns_faxcoverpages.xml. Use the cover
page name to specify the cover page in the fax message.
<FaxCoverPages xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/ias/pcbpel/NotificationService">
<FaxCoverPage>
<Name>legal</Name>
<MimeType>application/pdf</MimeType>
<FileLocation>C:\orabpel\bpel\runtime\config\faxcoverpages\003288.pdf</FileLocatio
n>
</FaxCoverPage>
</FaxCoverPages>

Configuring the Wireless Provider for Pager

As with the voice notification channel, the configuration for the wireless service
provider for pager is stored in the XML file ns_iaswconfig.xml, which is in
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config

See "Configuring the Wireless Provider for Voice" on page 2-23 to configure a wireless
service provider for pager. Note that you cannot use the Oracle Enterprise Manager
10g Application Server Control Console to configure a pager provider for this release.

Configuring the Pluggable Notification Service

Custom notification service implementations can be plugged in and used instead of
the default notification service providers. You can plug in a custom notification service
for all channels or selectively for specific channels. For example, the notification
service provides the ability to plug in an existing SMS implementation instead of the
default SMS notification service.

Pluggable Notification Service Implementation

To plug in a notification service, you implement the
oracle.tip.pc.services.notification.ICustomNotificationService
interface. This interface has methods for the following channels:

2-24 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Notification Services

■ E-mail
■ Voice
■ Fax
■ SMS
■ Instant messaging (IM)
■ Pager
The plugged-in notification service can override the default providers for one or more
channels. When the custom notification service is overriding the default
implementation for a subset of channels, the methods corresponding to the other
channels (channels that are not overridden) are not called by the notification service.
Those methods can just return null. Alternatively, the implementation can extend the
abstract class
oracle.tip.pc.services.notification.AbstractCustomNotificationSe
rviceImpl, which provides empty implementations for each of the channels. In that
case, the implementation can just extend the methods for the interested channels.

Pluggable Notification Service Registration

Once the implementation is available, you register it in the SOA_Oracle_
Home\system\services\config\ns_iaswconfig.xml file. The section in ns_
iaswconfig.xml to set is shown below. By default, all elements are empty.

<CustomNotificationServices>
<All/>
<Email/>
<Voice/>
<Fax/>
<Pager/>
<SMS/>
<IM/>
</CustomNotificationServices>

If you are overriding the default implementation for all channels, set the All element
with the complete class name of your implementation:
<CustomNotificationServices>
<All>com.xyz.test.NotificationService</All>
<Email/>
<Voice/>
<Fax/>
<Pager/>
<SMS/>
<IM/>
</CustomNotificationServices>

If you are overriding the default implementation for only the e-mail channel, set the
Email element with the complete class name of your implementation:
<CustomNotificationServices>
<All/>
<Email>com.xyz.test.NotificationService</Email>
<Voice/>
<Fax/>

Service Configuration 2-25

Configuring the Workflow Service

The override for other channels is configured the same way as the e-mail channel.
Note that the implementation and its dependent classes must be available in the
classpath of Oracle BPEL Server.

Configuring the Workflow Service

The configuration for all workflow services is performed in the SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\system\services\config\wf_config.xml file.
<workflowConfigurations
xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/pcbpel/humanworkflow/configurations"
xmlns:user="http://xmlns.oracle.com/bpel/workflow/userMetadata">
<taskAutoReleaseConfigurations>
<taskAutoRelease priority="1" default="P1D" percentageOfExpiration="30"/>
<taskAutoRelease priority="2" default="P2D" percentageOfExpiration="40"/>
<taskAutoRelease priority="3" default="P3D" percentageOfExpiration="50"/>
<taskAutoRelease priority="4" default="P4D" percentageOfExpiration="60"/>
<taskAutoRelease priority="5" default="P5D" percentageOfExpiration="70"/>
</taskAutoReleaseConfigurations>
<worklistApplicationURL>http://mlkenned-pc.us.oracle.com:8888/integration/
worklistapp/TaskDetails?taskId=PC_HW_TASK_ID_TAG</worklistApplicationURL>
<actionableEmailAccountName/>
<pushbackAssignee>INITIAL_ASSIGNEES</pushbackAssignee>
<assigneeDelimiter><![CDATA[,]]></assigneeDelimiter>
<shortHistoryActions>
<action>ACQUIRE</action>
<action>INFO_REQUEST</action>
<action>INFO_SUBMIT</action>
<action>RELEASE</action>
</shortHistoryActions>
<workflowServiceSessionTimeoutInMinutes>60</workflowServiceSessionTimeout
InMinute>
<user:ruleRepositoryInfo>
<user:ruleEngine>ORACLE</user:ruleEngine>
<user:repositoryLocation>WFRepository</user:repositoryLocation>
<user:dictionaryName>WFDictionary</user:dictionaryName>
<user:reposProperty name="reposType">jar</user:reposProperty>
</user:ruleRepositoryInfo>
<property name="worklist.redirectpage" value="TaskDetails" />
<property name="worklist.loginpage" value="Login.jsp" />
<property name="worklist.errorpage" value="Error.jsp" />
</workflowConfigurations>

This section describes the configuration parameters in this file:

■ taskAutoReleaseConfigurations
■ worklistApplicationURL
■ actionableEmailAccountName
■ pushbackAssignee
■ assigneeDelimiter
■ shortHistoryActions

2-26 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Workflow Service

■ workflowServiceSessionTimeoutInMinutes
■ user:ruleRepositoryInfo

Service Configuration 2-27

Configuring the Workflow Service

■ APPROVER
■ INITIAL_ASSIGNEES

assigneeDelimiter
Task assignees in the routing slip can be specified as a delimited string. For example,
the following two are equivalent.
■ Listing 1:
<participant name="Loan Agent">
<resource isGroup="false" type="STATIC">jcooper, jstein</resource>
</participant>

■ Listing 2:
<participant name="Loan Agent">
<resource isGroup="false" type="STATIC">jcooper </resource>
<resource isGroup="false" type="STATIC">jstein</resource>
</participant>

In the above example, a comma (,) was used as a delimiter. If a different delimiter is
used in a particular environment, then the delimiter can be specified in the XML
element assigneeDelimiter in the wf_config.xml file. Note that the dynamic
assignee names are also interpreted for delimited strings. In the example below, if the
XPath expression /task:task/task:payload/payload:assignee returns
jcooper, stein, then this participant is the same as listing 2 above.
<participant name="Loan Agent">
<resource isGroup="false"
type="XPATH">/task:task/task:payload/payload:assignee</resource>
</participant>

shortHistoryActions
The workflow service maintains two types of task history:
■ Detailed history
■ Short history
The detailed history contains all the changes made to the task. The short history
contains only versions created by certain actions. By default, task initiation, reinitation,
outcome update, complete, expiration, and withdrawn result in the version being in
the short history. You can add other actions to the short history list in the XML element
shortHistoryActions in the wf_config.xml file. The possible actions that can be
added to the short history actions are listed below.

Action Action Action Action

ACQUIRE INFO_REQUEST RENEW OUTCOME_UPDATE_
ROUTE
AUTO_RELEASE INFO_SUBMIT RESUME
ADHOC_ROUTE OVERRIDE_ SKIP_CURRENT_
ROUTING_SLIP ASSIGNMENT
DELEGATE PUSH_BACK SUSPEND
ERROR REASSIGN UPDATE

2-28 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Configuring the Workflow Service

Action Action Action Action

ESCALATE RELEASE OUTCOME_UPDATE

workflowServiceSessionTimeoutInMinutes
This is the length of time a workflowContext remains valid. If the client does not
perform any activity for longer than the specified time, the workflowContext is
marked as invalid, and a new authenticated context must be created.
For the Oracle BPEL Worklist Application, this means that if a user remains logged
into the application, but does not perform any activity for a time greater than the value
specified in workflowServiceSessionTimeoutInMinutes, they are required to
log into the application again.

user:ruleRepositoryInfo
The user metadata service stores the workflow rules for users and groups in an Oracle
Business Rules repository file. The ruleRepositoryInfo section of the wf_
config.xml file configures how to look up this file. The repository file can be
accessed from the file system, or from a HTTP server through the WebDAV protocol.
Accessing the repository through WebDAV is useful if you have several instances of
the user metadata service on separate hosts that must access the same rule
information. The separate instances can all point to the same WebDAV URL.
By default, the rule repository is the file WFRepository, located in the same directory
as wf_config.xml.
When specifying a repository file on the file system, set the following properties for
ruleRepositoryInfo:
■ ruleEngine: ORACLE (only the Oracle Business Rules Rules Engine is currently
supported)
■ repositoryLocation: file path to the repository file, relative to the directory
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config.
■ dictionaryName: WFDictionary
■ reposProperty
– name: reposType, value: jar
To host the workflow rules repository using WebDAV, set up a WebDAV Oracle
Business Rules repository. Use the import utility in the Oracle Business Rules Rule
Author to import the dictionary WFDictionary from the WFRepository file-based
repository into your WebDAV-based repository.
Set the following properties for ruleRepositoryInfo:
■ ruleEngine: ORACLE (only the Oracle Business Rules Rules Engine is currently
supported)
■ repositoryLocation: URL for the WebDAV repository
■ dictionaryName: WFDictionary
■ reposProperty
– name: reposType, value: webDAV
– name: proxyHost, value: Web proxy to use when accessing the WebDAV
repository (this property is optional)

Service Configuration 2-29

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

– name: proxyPort, value: Web proxy port (this property is optional)

– name: wallet, value: path (on local file system) to the wallet file containing
the credentials for connecting to a secure WebDAV URL (this property is
optional)

See Also:
■ Oracle Business Rules User’s Guide for instructions on setting up a
WebDAV repository
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for details about
BPEL process integration with business rules

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application

Server Service Registry
You can integrate Oracle BPEL Process Manager with Oracle Application Server
Service Registry (OracleAS Service Registry).
OracleAS Service Registry is a version 3-compliant implementation of the Universal
Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) specification, and is a key component
of a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). A UDDI registry provides a standards-based
foundation for locating published services, invoking services, and managing metadata
about services (security, transport, or quality of service). Consumers can browse and
select published services that meet their needs.
Oracle BPEL Process Manager integration with OracleAS Service Registry also
insulates Oracle BPEL Process Manager processes from any changes to service
endpoints (physical hosted location, implementation, and so on).
The integration between Oracle BPEL Process Manager and OracleAS Service Registry
is achieved by passing a reference to the service key (for the registered service in
OracleAS Service Registry) at runtime. The registry service inquiry URI is identified at
the Oracle BPEL Process Manager domain level by a configuration property. If the
service endpoint for the published service changes, the new physical endpoint is
discovered with the service key reference (which does not change).
This section provides an overview of how to integrate the RapidDistributors Web
service of the OrderBooking tutorial with OracleAS Service Registry. This section
contains the following topics:
■ Task 1: Installing the Oracle Application Server SOA Suite and OracleAS Service
Registry
■ Task 2: Deploying Web Services
■ Task 3: Publishing a Service and Adding Bindings
■ Task 4: Specifying the Registry Service Inquiry URL in Oracle BPEL Control
■ Task 5: Creating a Connection to the UDDI Registry
■ Task 6: Configuring the RapidDistributors Partner Link
■ Task 7: Specifying the OracleAS Service Registry Service Key
■ Task 8: Securing the Client with Basic Authentication (Optional)
■ Troubleshooting

2-30 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

Task 1: Installing the Oracle Application Server SOA Suite and OracleAS Service
Registry
1. Install an Oracle Application Server SOA Advanced install type (recommended). If
you install the Oracle Application Server SOA Basic install type, you must
perform additional configuration steps described in Step 3.
2. Follow the instructions in Oracle Application Server Administrator’s Guide to create a
second OC4J instance through one of the following methods:
■ With the createinstance utility
■ With Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Application Server Control Console
For the procedures in this section, the second OC4J container is named registry.

Notes:
■ Do not start the second OC4J instance.
■ The OracleAS Service Registry must not reside in the same OC4J
container as your Oracle Application Server SOA install type.

3. If you installed the Oracle Application Server SOA Basic install type, perform the
following procedure:
a. Open the SOA_Oracle_Home/opmn/config/opmn.xml file.
b. Locate the registry component.
c. Change default-web-site as follows:
<port id="default-web-site" range="8889" protocol="http"/>

This assigns a fixed port (8889).

4. Follow the instructions in Oracle Application Server Administrator’s Guide to start the
second OC4J instance created in Step 2.
5. Download OracleAS Service Registry from the following Oracle Technology
Network location:
http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/webservices/htdocs/uddi/index
.html

Note: These instructions assume you are familiar with OracleAS

Service Registry and have read and used the following documentation
included with the downloaded product:
■ OracleAS Service Registry 10.1.3 Product Documentation
■ Registry Step By Step Guide About Oracle Registry (online tutorial)

6. Install OracleAS Service Registry by following the instructions in OracleAS Service

Registry 10.1.3 Product Documentation, which is included in the downloaded ZIP
file. Ensure that you use the same HTTP port (8889) specified for the OC4J
container.
Note that the OracleAS Service Registry must not be installed in the same OC4J
container as Oracle BPEL Process Manager and Oracle Enterprise Service Bus.
Depending on the Oracle Application Server SOA install type that you select, the

Service Configuration 2-31

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

container location is either in home or OC4J_SOA. The OC4J container name

appears in your installation directory path. For example:
■ home — is the container name if you install the Oracle Application Server
SOA Basic install type
■ OC4J_SOA — is the container name if you accept the default value when
installing an Oracle Application Server SOA Advanced install type.
7. Shut down your Oracle Application Server SOA install type:
cd SOA_Oracle_Home/opmn/bin
opmnctl stopall
8. Copy the following library files from SOA_Oracle_
Home/j2ee/registry/applications/registry/registry/WEB-INF/lib
to SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee/OC4J_Home/lib/api-ext:
■ security-ng.jar
■ security3-ng.jar
where OC4J_Home is the name of the OC4J container for your install type:
– home — for the Oracle Application Server SOA Basic install type
– OC4J_SOA — for the Oracle Application Server SOA Advanced install
types

Note: If the api-ext directory does not exist, create it.

9. Copy the following library files from the OracleAS Service Registry Registry_
Installation_Home\lib directory to the SOA_Oracle_
Home/bpel/registry/lib directory:
■ security2-ng.jar
■ security_providers_client.jar
10. Back up the SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee/OC4J_Home/config/server.xml file.

11. Open the server.xml file.

12. Locate the shared library named orabpel.common in the server.xml file.

13. Add the following lines at the bottom:

<code-source path="SOA_Oracle_Home/bpel/registry/lib/security2-ng.jar"/>
<code-source path="SOA_Oracle_Home/bpel/registry/lib/security_providers_
client.jar"/>

Ensure that you replace SOA_Oracle_Home with the real path.

14. Back up the SOA_Oracle_Home/j2ee/OC4J_
Home/config/system-jazn-data.xml file.
15. Open the system-jazn-data.xml file.

16. Add new login modules to the <jazn-loginconfig> section:

<application>
<name>NamePasswordNoAN</name>
<login-modules>
<login-module>
<class>com.idoox.security.jaas.NamePasswordLoginModuleNoAuth</class>
<control-flag>required</control-flag>

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Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

<options>
<option>
<name>debug</name>
<value>true</value>
</option>
</options>
</login-module>
</login-modules>
</application>

<application>
<name>NamePasswordAN</name>
<login-modules>
<login-module>
<class>
com.systinet.uddi.security.jaas.NamePasswordLoginModule</class>
<control-flag>required</control-flag>
<options>
<option>
<name>debug</name>
<value>true</value>
</option>
</options>
</login-module>
</login-modules>
</application>

17. Back up the SOA_Oracle_

Home/j2ee/registry/config/system-jazn-data.xml file.
18. Open the system-jazn-data.xml file.

19. Add new login modules to the <jazn-loginconfig> section:

<application>
<name>HttpRequest</name>
<login-modules>
<login-module>
<class>com.systinet.uddi.security.jaas.SmLoginModule</class>
<control-flag>required</control-flag>
<options>
<option>
<name>debug</name>
<value>true</value>
</option>
</options>
</login-module>
</login-modules>
</application>

<application>
<name>NamePasswordNoAN</name>
<login-modules>
<login-module>
<class>com.idoox.security.jaas.NamePasswordLoginModuleNoAuth</class>
<control-flag>required</control-flag>
<options>
<option>
<name>debug</name>
<value>true</value>
</option>

Service Configuration 2-33

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

</options>
</login-module>
</login-modules>
</application>

<application>
<name>IdentityAsserter</name>
<login-modules>
<login-module><class>
com.systinet.uddi.security.jaas.IdentityAsserterLoginModule</class>
<control-flag>required</control-flag>
<options>
<option>
<name>debug</name>
<value>true</value>
</option>
</options>
</login-module>
</login-modules>
</application>

20. Follow the instructions in section 8, "Authentication Configuration" of OracleAS

Service Registry 10.1.3 Product Documentation to enable OracleAS Service Registry
basic authentication.
21. Open SOA_Oracle_
Home/j2ee/registry/application-deployments/registry/registry/
orion-web.xml and change the value of search-local-classes-first to
false.
22. Start your Oracle Application Server SOA install type:
cd SOA_Oracle_Home/opmn/bin
opmnctl startall

Task 2: Deploying Web Services

You are now ready to deploy the RapidDistributors Web service.
1. Select Start > All Programs > Oracle - Oracle_Home > Oracle BPEL Process
Manager > Developer Prompt to open up an operating system command prompt
at the SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\samples directory.

2-34 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

2. Change directories to the tutorials\127.OrderBookingTutorial

subdirectory:
cd tutorials\127.OrderBookingTutorial

3. Enter the following command:

ant

This deploys and starts the required services, including RapidDistributors. If

successful, a message appears at the end:
BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Task 3: Publishing a Service and Adding Bindings

1. Go to OracleAS Service Registry.
2. Publish the RapidDistributors service to OracleAS Service Registry by following
the instructions for creating a provider and publishing a service in "Publishing a
Service" of OracleAS Service Registry 10.1.3 Product Documentation. The Registry Step
By Step Guide About Oracle Registry also provides an example.
After publishing a service (named RapidDistributors for this example), you are
ready to add bindings. Bindings represent a Web service instance from which you
obtain the access point of an instance. See "Publishing a Binding Template" of
OracleAS Service Registry 10.1.3 Product Documentation for details.
3. Right-click the published service and select Add binding.

The Add Binding page appears.

4. Enter the Web service access point for the RapidDistributors service:
http://hostname:port/orabpel/default/RapidDistributors/1.0/

5. Select an entry from the Use type list:

■ wsdlDeployment (This is a mandatory selection and refers to the physical
endpoint of the service.)
http://hostname:port/orabpel/default/RapidDistributors/1.0/RapidDistributor
s?wsdl

■ endPoint (This is an optional selection and refers to the WSDL endpoint.)

http://hostname:port/orabpel/default/RapidDistributors/1.0/

■ other (This is an optional selection and refers to the abstract location of the
service.)
http://hostname:port/RapidDistributors?wsdl

Service Configuration 2-35

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

6. Click Add binding when complete.

The bindings are added to the service. Note the service key value. You later specify
this value in a deployment descriptor property in the bpel.xml file in "Task 7:
Specifying the OracleAS Service Registry Service Key" on page 2-38.

Task 4: Specifying the Registry Service Inquiry URL in Oracle BPEL Control
1. Access Oracle BPEL Control through one of the following methods:
■ Select Start > All Programs > Oracle - Oracle_Home > Oracle BPEL Process
Manager > BPEL Control
■ Go to the following URL:
http://localhost:port/BPELConsole

2. Select Manage BPEL Domain > Configuration.

3. Enter a value for the uddiLocation property:
http://hostname:port/registryname/uddi/inquiry

This property must refer to the inquiry WSDL URL of the OracleAS Service
Registry. For example:

2-36 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

http://hostname.us.oracle.com:42461/registryrc7/uddi/inquiry?wsdl

Note: There can only be one OracleAS Service Registry reference in a

Oracle BPEL Process Manager Installation at any point in time.

Task 5: Creating a Connection to the UDDI Registry

You now create a connection to OracleAS Service Registry in Oracle JDeveloper.
1. Select Connection Navigator from the View main menu in Oracle JDeveloper.
2. Right click UDDI Registry.
3. Select New UDDI Registry Connection.
4. Click Next on the Welcome page.
5. Enter the following connection information:

Field Description
Connection Name Enter a name for connecting to the registry.
Inquiry Endpoint URL Enter the URL of the inquiry endpoint. For example:
http://hostname.us.oracle.com:42461/registryrc7/uddi/in
quiry?wsdl
Note: The value you enter here is the same as the value specified
in Oracle BPEL Control in Step 3 of "Task 4: Specifying the
Registry Service Inquiry URL in Oracle BPEL Control" on
page 2-36.

6. Click Next.
7. Test the connection by clicking Test Connection. If the connection was successful,
the following message appears:
Successfully contacted UDDI inquiry endpoint

8. Click Finish.
The required endpoint service can now be selected in the Service Explorer window
by browsing services under the UDDI Registry folder while a creating a partner
link.

Task 6: Configuring the RapidDistributors Partner Link

You now configure the RapidDistributors partner link and select the Web service
access point in OracleAS Service Registry.
1. Open the SOA_Oracle_
Home/bpel/samples/tutorials/127.OrderBookingTutorial/OrderBoo
king/OrderBooking.jpr file in Oracle JDeveloper.
2. Double-click the RapidDistributors partner link in the designer window.
The Edit Partner Link window appears.
3. Click the flashlight (the second icon from the left named Service Explorer) to
access the Service Explorer window for selecting the RapidDistributors service
deployed in "Task 1: Installing the Oracle Application Server SOA Suite and
OracleAS Service Registry" on page 2-31.

Service Configuration 2-37

Integrating Oracle BPEL Process Manager with the Oracle Application Server Service Registry

4. Expand the navigation tree and select the RapidDistributors service under the
UDDI Registry.

Task 7: Specifying the OracleAS Service Registry Service Key

You now configure the service key value with the registryServiceKey property.
This enables a partner link to invoke the Web service through OracleAS Service
Registry.
1. Add the following registryServiceKey property to the partner link for
RapidDistributors in the respective partnerLinkBinding section of the
bpel.xml file:
<property
name="registryServiceKey">uddi:e3955ac0-45a8-11db-9dd0-28bc5b509dce</property>

The service key value was created in Step 6 on page 2-36.

At runtime, you can verify that the service for RapidDistributors is invoked from
the service endpoint retrieved from OracleAS Service Registry.

Task 8: Securing the Client with Basic Authentication (Optional)

If you want to secure the client side with basic authentication, follow these procedures.
1. Enable secure HTTP basic authentication by adding the following two properties
to your bpel.xml file in the respective partnerLinkBinding section.
<property name="registryUsername"> registry_username </property>
<property name="registryPassword"> registry_password </property>

where:
■ registry_username — the name of a registry user
■ registry_password — the password for this registry user

2-38 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Summary

You can also set these properties at the domain level in Oracle BPEL Control under
Manage BPEL Domain > Configuration (as you set the uddiLocation property). If
they are also set in the bpel.xml file, the settings in that file overwrite the ones
set in Oracle BPEL Control.

Troubleshooting
This section describes troubleshooting procedures for OracleAS Service Registry and
Oracle BPEL Process Manager integration.
■ A one-time binding fault occurs when OracleAS Service Registry is deployed on a
remote Oracle Application Server SOA instance while the BPEL processes are
deployed on another SOA instance of a different host. The following error displays
the first time the calling BPEL process invokes the registry published service. All
subsequent invocations of the service are performed successfully without error
(after deployment).
<bindingFault xmlns="http://schemas.oracle.com/bpel/extension"><part
name="code"><code>GenericError</code>
</part><part name="summary"><summary>http_client transport doesn't support
nonProxyHosts with wildcards</summary>
</part></bindingFault>

■ If your WSDL URLs point to hosts using the DHCP communication protocol
instead of static IP addresses, ensure that you update the SOA_Oracle_
Home/opmn/conf/opmn.xml file to include this information. For example:
-Dhttp.proxyHost=www-proxy.us.oracle.com -Dhttp.proxyPort=80
-Dhttp.nonProxyHosts=122.39.159.106|*acmecorp.com|*.acme.com|localhost|
ser vices.xmethods.net|xmethods.net|*idc.acme.com|dhcp-idc-towers-122-
39-159-106.idc.acme.com"/>

Otherwise, you can receive deployment errors.

Summary
This chapter describes how to configure the identity service, worklist service, and
notification service.

Service Configuration 2-39

Summary

2-40 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

3
Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in

This chapter describes how to create a custom identity service plug-in to integrate into
specific third-party repositories.
This chapter contains the following topics:
■ Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in
■ Summary

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in

You can create a custom identity service plug-in to integrate into specific third-party
repositories. After you create a custom plug-in, you perform the following tasks:
■ Assemble all classes into a custom plug-in JAR file
■ Deploy the JAR file
■ Include the JAR file in the Oracle BPEL Process Manager classpath
■ Configure the is_config.xml file
■ Create system (demo) users and roles
This section contains the following topics:
■ Description of Oracle BPEL Process Manager Interfaces
■ Implementing the Identity Service Plug-in
■ Specifying the Service Factory Methods
■ Specifying the Provider Configuration
■ Implementing the BPMProvider Interface
■ Deploying the Identity Service Plug-in
■ Registering and Configuring the Identity Service for the Custom Plug-in
■ Creating Users and Groups

Description of Oracle BPEL Process Manager Interfaces

Table 3–1 describes the available interfaces.

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in 3-1

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in

Table 3–1 Interfaces

Interface Description
BPMIdentitySe This is the main interface defining the Oracle BPEL Process Manager
rvice identity service. For any plug-in, this is the main class that is instantiated
by the service factory. This interface extends the
BPMAuthorizationService and BPMAuthenticationService
interfaces.
BPMAuthorizat This defines the Oracle BPEL Process Manager authorization service
ionService provider interface.
BPMAuthentica This defines the Oracle BPEL Process Manager authentication service
tionService provider interface.
BPMUser This defines an Oracle BPEL Process Manager user. A user is identified by
a logical name and has various associated attributes such as first name, last
name, e-mail, and so on.
BPMRole This defines an Oracle BPEL Process Manager role. A role is defined as the
permissions or privileges required by a user to perform the tasks related to
their job. Roles are granted to users and groups of users. Roles can be
nested (that is, a role itself can be granted to another role, and so on).
BPMRole defines methods to find all users and roles that are granted a role.
BPMAppRole This defines an Oracle BPEL Process Manager application role. Derived
from BPMRole, application roles are defined for tasks supported by an
application. This enables users and groups that are granted these roles to
perform all of the tasks related to the application. BPMAppRole instances
must define a set of workflow BPMActivities that users can have.
BPMGroup This defines an Oracle BPEL Process Manager group. Derived from
BPMRole, BPMGroup is a convenient way to assign rights and permissions
to several users at one time. All users who belong to a user group are
granted all of that group's privileges.
BPMIdentity This defines the common set of methods and APIs for roles and users. Both
BPMUser and BPMRole are derived from this interface.
BPMPrincipal This represents an identity and defines the common methods for any
identity in the Oracle BPEL Process Manager identity service.
BPMIdentity derives from the BPMPrincipal interface.
BPMProvider This defines the set of methods and APIs that must be supported for any
third-party repository. This is a convenience interface. This interface makes
it possible to have one identity service implementation that can plug into
different custom providers. The interface helps to localize all functionality
required for repository access in implementing the interface class. You can
use this interface for each of your custom repositories.

See Also: The Javadoc for the different interfaces of the identity
service located in
SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\docs\workflow

Implementing the Identity Service Plug-in

The entry point for identity service implementation is BPMIdentityService.
package is.custom.plugin;

import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;

3-2 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in

import oracle.tip.pc.infra.exception.*;
import oracle.tip.pc.services.common.*;
import oracle.tip.pc.services.identity.*;

public class CustomIdentityService extends BPMServiceBase implements

BPMIdentityService {

/**
* Constructor
*/
private CustomIdentityService(ProviderCfg provCfg) throws ServiceException {
super(provCfg);
}
/**
* Factory Method
*/
public static Service getInstance(String realmName) throws ServiceException {
try {
BPMIdentityConfigService cfgSrv =
ServiceFactory.getIdentityConfigServiceInstance();
if ( realmName == null ) {
realmName = cfgSrv.getDefaultRealmName();
}
Configuration config = cfgSrv.getConfigurationInstance(realmName);
ProviderCfg providerCfg = config.getProviderCfg(
ProviderCfg.IDENTITY_SERVICE);
CustomIdentityService service = new CustomIdentityService(providerCfg);

return service;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new ServiceException(e, DiagnosticService.SERVICESCOMPONENT);
}
}
…

/**
* @see oracle.tip.pc.services.identity. BPMAuthorizationService
#lookupUser(String)
*/
public BPMUser lookupUser(String userName) throws BPMIdentityException,
BPMIdentityNotFoundException {
Logger.debugLog("CustomIdentityService::lookupUser() begin");
if(userName == null)
throw new BPMIdentityException(
PCExceptionIndex.IDENTITYSERVICE_NAME_IS_NULL);

BPMUser user = getProvider().lookupUser(userName);

if(user==null) {
throw new BPMIdentityNotFoundException(
PCExceptionIndex.IDENTITYSERVICE_USER_NOT_FOUND,
new String[] {userName, getRealmName()});
}
Logger.debugLog("CustomIdentityService::lookupUser() end");
return user;
}
….
}

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in 3-3

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in

In the proceeding example, CustomIdentityService is a class that implements the

BPMIdentityService interfaces. You must implement the
BPMAuthenticationService or BPMAutorizationService interface if the
configuration specifies CUSTOM providerType for only the authentication or
authorization service providers:
<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?
<ISConfiguration xmlns="http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig"
<configurations
<configuration realmName="jazn.com"
<provider providerType="JAZN" name="xml" service="Identity"
<property name="userPropertiesFile" value="users-properties.xml"/
</provider
<provider providerType="CUSTOM
name="CustomPlugIn" service="Authentication
class=”package.name.CustomAuthenticationService” /
</configuration
</configurations
</ISConfiguration

In the preceding example, only the authentication provider uses the custom
implementation while all other inquiries use the JAZN XML-based provider. The class
CustomAuthenticationService must implement the
BPMAuthenticationService interface.
If the SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config\is_config.xml file
specifies CUSTOM as the providerType for the identity service, then the
BPMIdentityService interface must be implemented:
<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>
<ISConfiguration xmlns="http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig">
<configurations>
<configuration realmName="jazn.com">
<provider providerType="CUSTOM"
name="CustomPlugIn" service="Identity"
class=”package.name.CustomIdentityService”>
<property name=”customProperty” value=”customValue” />
</configuration>
</configurations>
</ISConfiguration>

All three service classes implementing the BPMIdentityService,

BPMAuthenticationService, or BPMAuthorization interface can extend the
oracle.tip.pc.services.identity.BPMServiceBase class to leverage basic
service functionality.

Specifying the Service Factory Methods

All custom service classes must have the static factory getInstance() method to
create the instance of the service provider:
public static Service getInstance(String realmName) throws ServiceException;

The realmName is a context of the business process. If realmName is null, it assumes

the default realm is used. You can get the default realm name by using the
configuration service API:
BPMIdentityConfigService cfgService =
ServiceFactory.getIdentityConfigServiceInstance();
String defaultRealmName = cfgService.getDefaultRealmName();

3-4 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in

The service factory oracle.tip.pc.service.common.ServiceFactory class

defines the following public static methods:
BPMIdentityService getIdentityServiceInstance(String realmName);
BPMAutorizationService getAuthorizationServiceInstance(String realmName);
BPMAuthenticationService getAuthenticationServiceInstance(String realmName);
BPMIdentityService getIdentityServiceInstance();
BPMAutorizationService getAutorizationServiceInstance();
BPMAuthenticationService getAuthenticationServiceInstance();

These methods are used by Java clients to receive the instances of the corresponding
services providers. The service factory methods create custom service instances at run
time if the CUSTOM provider type is specified for the service. These methods invoke the
custom service getInstance(String realmName) API.
If the service provider class extends the
oracle.tip.pc.services.BPMServiceBase class, the service factory method
must get an instance of the ProviderCfg class, which defines properties for a given
configuration. The service can then be created:
CustomIdentityService service = new CustomIdentityService(providerCfg);

Specifying the Provider Configuration

The BPMIdentityConfigService instance provides access to the Configuration
object by the given realmName:
Configuration conf = cfgService.getConfigurationInstance(realmName);

The specific provider configuration can then be fetched:

ProviderCfg providerCfg = conf.getProviderCfg(serviceName);

where serviceName is one of the following values:

■ ProviderCfg.IDENTITY_SERVICE — for identity service provider
■ ProviderCfg.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICE — for authentication service
provider
■ ProviderCfg.AUTHORIZATION_SERVICE — for authorization service provider

Implementing the BPMProvider Interface

The easiest way to write authentication and authorization services for a custom
plug-in is to implement the BPMProvider interface for the custom repository. The
BPMProvider interface defines the minimum set of essential operations that must be
defined over a custom repository for the identity service to function correctly. All
instances of the implementing object can delegate calls to the provider that is
responsible for dealing with the repository-specific calls.
For example, the BPMServiceBase class is an abstract class that your service
providers may extend. If they do, the custom service classes must implement the
init() method:
public void init() throws BPMIdentityException {
m_provider = CustomerProvider.getInstance(m_providerCfg);
m_status = new ServiceStatus(true, "Service is available", -1,

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in 3-5

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in

where m_provider is a protected member of the BPMServiceBase to reference the

BPMProvider object. CustomerProvider is a class that implements the
BPMProvider interface. Optionally, you can load the provider class dynamically. Get
the provider class name for the CUSTOM providerType from the is_config.xml
file. The name attribute of the provider element is reserved for that purpose. The m_
status member is a protected member of the BPMServiceBase class. It stores the
ServiceStatus object.

Deploying the Identity Service Plug-in

For the workflow services to instantiate and invoke the plug-in, it must be deployed to
a location in the library path of Oracle BPEL Process Manager.
The plug-in code must be compiled, the classes assembled into a JAR file (for example,
isplugin.jar), and the JAR file deployed to the SOA_Oracle_
Home\services\lib directory.
The library path must also point to the deployed JAR file. For example,
isplugin.jar must be added to the library path by adding the following lines to the
application.xml file in the SOA_Oracle_Home\j2ee\home\config directory:
<library path="SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\lib\isplugin.jar"/>

The same deployment scheme can be used for any custom plug-in, with minor
changes such as the name of the provider JAR file.

Registering and Configuring the Identity Service for the Custom Plug-in
Identity service configuration in defined in the is_config.xml file. The file must be
located in a directory that is in the classpath of Oracle BPEL Process Manager. By
default, this file is stored in SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\services\config.
The following configuration file sample describes the database plug-in implemented
as a custom provider for the identity service:
<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>
<ISConfiguration mlns="http://www.oracle.com/pcbpel/identityservice/isconfig">
<configurations>
<configuration realmName="realm">
<provider providerType="CUSTOM" service="Identity"
name="package.name.CustomerProvider"
class=”package.name.CustomIdentityService”>
<property name="dataSource" value="jdbc/BPELSamplesDataSource"/>
</provider>
</configuration>
</configurations>
</ISConfiguration>

The name attribute of the provider element can load the BPMProvider class. The
class attribute defines the implementation class for BPMIdentityService. The
custom property with the name dataSource gets the data source name for the JDBC
connection.

See Also: "Configuring the Identity Service" on page 2-1 for identity
service configuration procedures

3-6 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Summary

Creating Users and Groups

The identity service does not define any of the administrative APIs, including the
creation of users and roles or the granting of roles to users. You must use tools specific
to the user repository to accomplish this task.

Creating a Custom Identity Service Plug-in 3-7

Summary

3-8 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

4
Configuring and Viewing BPEL Process Logs

This chapter describes how to configure Oracle BPEL Process Manager logging levels
and view logging results.
This chapter contains the following topics:
■ Logging Overview
■ Domain Level Logging
■ System Level Logging
■ System and Domain Level Logging Examples
■ Logging with Sensors
■ Logging with bpelx:exec in a Java Embedding Activity
■ Summary

Logging Overview
Oracle BPEL Process Manager uses the log4j tool to generate log files containing
messages that describe startup and shutdown information, errors, warning messages,
access information on HTTP requests, and additional information.
The log4j tool enables logging at runtime without modifying the application binary.
Instead, logging behavior is controlled by editing properties in Oracle BPEL Control
and Oracle BPEL Admin Console.
Two logging levels are supported in Oracle BPEL Process Manager:
■ Domain — Manages logging information within specific domains
■ System — Manages logging information on a system-wide level
The default format of log files created by log4j cannot be read by the log loader and
written to the log repository in Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Application Server
Control Console. To do this, you must change the appender format of the messages
written to log files. Make this change in the log4j-config.xml file, which is located
in the following directories:
■ For domain level logging, change log4j-config.xml in the SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\domains\domain_name\config directory
■ For system level logging, change log4j-config.xml in the SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\system\config directory

Configuring and Viewing BPEL Process Logs 4-1

Domain Level Logging

See Also:
■ "Configuring Logging for Application Server Control" of Oracle
Application Server Administrator’s Guide for details about changing
the appender format for log files in Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g
Application Server Control Console
■ http://logging.apache.org/log4j/docs for details about
log4j
■ Oracle Process Manager and Notification Server Administrator’s Guide
for details about Oracle Process Manager and Notification Server
(OPMN) log files located in SOA_Oracle_Home\opmn\logs

Domain Level Logging

Domain logging enables you to log and troubleshoot issues for a specific BPEL
domain. You set domain logging levels in Oracle BPEL Control. The domain log files
are located in SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\domains\domain_name\logs.
Follow these procedures to set domain logging levels.
1. Access Oracle BPEL Control through one of the following methods:
■ Selecting Start > All Programs > Oracle - Oracle_Home > Oracle BPEL
Process Manager > BPEL Control
■ Going to the following URL:
http://localhost:port/BPELConsole

where port is:

– 8888 if you installed Oracle BPEL Process Manager from the Oracle
Application Server SOA software CD.
– 9700 if you installed the Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers or
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier install type from
the Oracle BPEL Process Manager software CD.
2. Enter the oc4jadmin user name and password when prompted.
3. Select the domain for which to set domain logging levels from the list in the upper
right corner.
4. Select Manage BPEL Domain > Logging.
The Logging window appears.

4-2 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Domain Level Logging

The following logging levels are available and listed here from highest priority to
lowest priority. When a logging level is specified, all messages with a lower
priority level than the one selected are ignored.

Logging Level This Selection...

Off Disables logging. This selection is the highest priority.
Fatal Logs critical messages. After logging occurs, the application quits
abnormally.
Error Logs application error messages to a log; the application continues to
run (for example, an administrator-supplied configuration parameter is
incorrect and you default to using a hard-coded value).
Warn Logs warning messages to a log; the application continues to run
without problems.
Info Logs messages in a format similar to the verbose mode of many
applications.
Debug Logs debugging messages that should not be printed when the
application is in a production environment.
All Enables all logging. This selection is the lowest priority.

The lower part of the Logging window displays the types of loggers you can set.
5. Review the levels and descriptions.

Logger Name Description

domain_name.collaxa.cube General BPEL logging (system)
domain_name.collaxa.cube.activation Activation agent logging (inbound adapters)
domain_name.collaxa.cube.bpeltest BPEL unit test logging
domain_name.collaxa.cube.console.reports Oracle BPEL Control reports logging

Configuring and Viewing BPEL Process Logs 4-3

Domain Level Logging

Logger Name Description

domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine XML message logging
domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.agents Internal agent framework logging (for example,
expiration agents)
domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.archive JAR file archive deployment logging in pre-10.1.3
releases. Archiving is not supported in 10.1.3.
domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.bpel BPEL process logging. If enabled, each executed
BPEL activity logs messages.
domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.data Persistence and dehydration layer logging
domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.delivery Delivery service and manager logging; this logger
is responsible for callbacks and initiating delivery
domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.deployment Deployment of BPEL suitcases logging
domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.dispatch Asynchronous message logging
domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.transaction Transaction-related logging of the execution of
process steps. This logger is not used in 10.1.3.
domain_name.collaxa.cube.messaging Messaging layer logging (as Oracle BPEL Process
Manager uses messaging services for scaling)
domain_name.collaxa.cube.security Server-side security logging (message header
authentication layer)
domain_name.collaxa.cube.sensor Sensor publisher layer logging
domain_name.collaxa.cube.services Services logging (for example, notifications or
human workflow)
domain_name.collaxa.cube.translation Adapter translation layer logging (the
transformation between adapter protocol and
inbound XML documents)
domain_name.collaxa.cube.ws Communication-related logging (for example,
WSIF layer (inbound and outbound), SOAP, and
adapters).
domain_name.collaxa.cube.xml XML processing and transformation, XPath, and
XML documents (BPEL variables) logging
domain_name.oracle.bpel.security Inside validator logging

6. Select a level from the Logging Level list for a specific logger name or select a
single level for all logger names from the Change All list.
7. Click Apply.
8. Rerun the process to collect logging data.
9. Review the domain.log file located in SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\domains\domain_name\logs.

Note: These parameters can also be configured by editing

log4j-config.xml in the SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\domains\domain_name\config directory.

4-4 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

System Level Logging

System level logging is provided for infrastructure, AXIS, and WSIF issues. You set
system logging levels in Oracle BPEL Admin Console. The system log files are located
in SOA_Oracle_Home\bpel\system\logs.
Follow these procedures to set system logging levels.
1. Access Oracle BPEL Admin Console:
http://localhost:port/BPELAdmin

where port is:

– 8888 if you installed Oracle BPEL Process Manager from the Oracle
Application Server SOA software CD.
– 9700 if you installed the Oracle BPEL Process Manager for Developers or
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle Tier install type from the
Oracle BPEL Process Manager software CD.
2. Enter the oc4jadmin user name and password when prompted.
3. Click Logging.
The Logging window appears.
The logging levels that display are the same as those described in Step 4 on
page 4-3. The lower part of the Logging window displays the types of loggers you
can set.

Logger Name Description

collaxa General Oracle BPEL Process Manager logging
collaxa.cube.cluster Cluster-related logging
collaxa.cube.infrastructure Infrastructure logging issues such as database
connectors
collaxa.cube.services All Oracle BPEL Process Manager service logging
org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.axis General AXIS-related logging
org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.axis.enterprise AXIS-related logging
org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.axis.transport Axis-related logging (to see what AXIS is sending
over the network)
org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.wsif System-wide WSIF logging.
org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.wsif.logging WSIF logging
org.collaxa.thirdparty.jgroups JGroups related-logging
org.quartz Quartz scheduler-related logging
wsif WSIF logging

4. Review the levels and descriptions.

5. Select a level from the Logging Level list for a specific logger name or select a
single level for all logger names from the Change All list.
6. Click Apply.
7. Rerun the process to collect logging data.

Configuring and Viewing BPEL Process Logs 4-5

System and Domain Level Logging Examples

8. Review the orabpel.log file located in SOA_Oracle_

Home\bpel\system\logs.

Note: These parameters can also be configured by editing

log4j-config.xml in the SOA_Oracle_
Home\bpel\system\config directory.

System and Domain Level Logging Examples

This section provides examples of the logger names to set to the Debug logging level
to troubleshoot problems.

Example 1: Process Invokes an External Web Service

Your process invokes an external Web service, and the data retrieved by the Web
service is incorrect. Check the following loggers:
■ domain_name.collaxa.cube.ws — to see if something went wrong before
sending
■ org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.axis and
org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.axis.transport — to see what is
currently being sent

Example 2: Java Class Invoked through WSIF Binding

A Java class is invoked through WSIF binding and a binding fault occurs. Check the
following loggers:
■ domain_name.collaxa.cube.ws — to see the complete stack
■ org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.wsif — to examine the WSIF portion that
performs the real invocation

Example 3: Process Invokes an Asynchronous Service

Your process invokes an asynchronous service and never receives a callback (it times
out, or waits forever). Check the following loggers:
■ domain_name.collaxa.cube.ws — this is related to the outbound direction
■ org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.axis and
org.collaxa.thirdparty.apache.axis.transport — to see what was
sent and to see the outgoing WSA header needed for correlation
■ domain_name.collaxa.cube.engine.delivery — to see what the delivery
handler does, and if a message is retrieved that can be correlated

Example 4: Process Sends a Notification

Your process sends a notification through an e-mail activity, but the e-mail does not
arrive at the intended location. Check the following logger:
■ domain_name.collaxa.cube.services — to see what occurred during
delivery attempt

4-6 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Summary

Logging with Sensors

You can use sensors to generate application logging activity. Note that logging with
sensors impacts performance because sensor data objects are built even when logging
is disabled.
You add sensors to specific activities and then extract data from variables. To do this,
you must implement a custom sensor publishing action to do the log4j logging. For
example, you can create a sensor on an invoke activity and create a message that is
sent to a JMS queue.

See Also: Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for details
about sensors

Logging with bpelx:exec in a Java Embedding Activity

You can also log messages by adding custom Java code to a BPEL process using the
Java BPEL exec extension bpelx:exec inside a Java Embedding activity in Oracle
JDeveloper.
The method addAuditTrailEntry(String):void enables you to add an entry to
the audit trail.

Summary
This chapter describes how to configure and view BPEL process logs at the domain
and system levels. Examples of logger names to set in order to view troubleshooting
information are provided. Alternative methods for generating logging information
(with sensors and with bpelx:exec) are also described.

Configuring and Viewing BPEL Process Logs 4-7

Summary

4-8 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

A
Demo User Community

This appendix describes the demo user community for task assignments in Oracle
BPEL Process Manager.
This appendix contains the following topics:
■ Setting Up JAZN Demo Users
■ Summary

Setting Up JAZN Demo Users

Demo users are included with Oracle BPEL Process Manager. See "Demo Users and
Roles" on page A-1 for a list of users and roles seeded with the product.

See Also:
■ Chapter 2, "Service Configuration"
■ Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide
■ Oracle Containers for J2EE Configuration and Administration Guide
■ Oracle Containers for J2EE Security Guide
■ Oracle Containers for J2EE Services Guide

Demo Users and Roles

For the LDAP-based JAZN provider (Oracle Internet Directory), users are seeded
under the realm you select when prompted during BPEL Process Manager for
OracleAS Middle Tier installation.
The default password is welcome1 for all LDAP-based JAZN providers (Oracle
Internet Directory, Active Directory, Sun Directory Server, and so on) and for the
XML-based JAZN provider.
For the XML-based JAZN provider, the Oracle BPEL Process Manager demo
community is defined under the default realm jazn.com. The Oracle BPEL Process
Manager demo community includes:
■ System users (oc4jadmin, bpeladmin, guest, and default)
■ Demo users (see Table A–1)
■ Application roles (see Table A–2)
■ Enterprise groups (see Table A–3)
■ Demo role and group owners (see Table A–4)

Demo User Community A-1

Setting Up JAZN Demo Users

The seventeen Oracle BPEL Process Manager demo users and demo role owners are
shown in Table A–1.

Table A–1 Demo User Community

User Name First Name Middle Name Last Name Title Manager E-mail
1 achrist Agatha -- Christie Loan sfitzger user3@dlsun1313.us
Consultant .oracle.com
2 cdickens Charles -- Dickens CEO -- user1@dlsun1313.us
.oracle.com
3 cdoyle Conan -- Doyle Loan Agent rsteven user4@dlsun1313.us
2 .oracle.com
4 fkafka Franz -- Kafka Manager 1 ltolsoy user2@dlsun1313.us
.oracle.com
5 istone Irving -- Stone Loan Agent sfitzger user3@dlsun1313.us
2 .oracle.com
6 jausten Jane -- Austen Loan fkafka user3@dlsun1313.us
Consultant .oracle.com
7 jcooper James -- Cooper Loan Agent jstein user3@dlsun1313.us
1 .oracle.com
8 jlondon Jack -- London Loan Agent sfitzger user3@dlsun1313.us
1 .oracle.com
9 jstein John -- Steinbeck Manager 2 wfaulk user2@dlsun1313.us
.oracle.com
10 ltolsoy Leo -- Tolstoy Director wfaulk user1@dlsun1313.us
.oracle.com
11 mmitch Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell Loan fkafka user3@dlsun1313.us
Analyst .oracle.com
12 mtwain Mark -- Twain Loan Agent jstein user3@dlsun1313.us
2 .oracle.com
13 rsteven Robert Louis Stevenson Manager 3 jstein user4@dlsun1313.us
.oracle.com
14 sfitzger Scott -- Fitzgerald Manager 1 wfaulk user2@dlsun1313.us
.oracle.com
15 szweig Stefan -- Zweig Loan fkafka user3@dlsun1313.us
Analyst .oracle.com
16 wfaulk William -- Faulkner Vice cdickens user1@dlsun1313.us
President .oracle.com
17 wshake William -- Shakespeare Loan rsteven user4@dlsun1313.us
Consultant .oracle.com

Notes:
■ The system users (oc4jadmin, bpeladmin, guest, and
default) are also part of the demo user community shown in
Table A–1.
■ All users have the languagePreference property defined as
en-US (U.S. English) and the notificationPreference
property set to Mail.

A-2 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Setting Up JAZN Demo Users

Table A–2 and Table A–3 list the Oracle BPEL Process Manager application roles and
enterprise groups for the users shown in Table A–1.

Table A–2 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Application Roles

Demo Users System Direct Role/Group
Role in Role Users in Role Granted Roles Grantee to Role
BPMAnalyst sfitzger, default, -- BPMWorkflowAdmin,
fkafka, guest, EasternRegion
jstein, oc4jadmin,
szweig, bpeladmin
mmitch,
wshake
BPMSystemAdmin -- oc4jadmin, BPMWorkflowSuspend, --
bpeladmin BPMWorkflowReassign,
BPMAnalyst,
BPMDefaultDomainAdmin,
BPMWorkflowViewHistory,
BPMWorkflowAdmin,
rule-administrators
BPMWorkflowAdmin -- oc4jadmin, BPMWorkflowSuspend, BPMSystemAdmin
bpeladmin BPMWorkflowReassign,
BPMAnalyst,
BPMWorkflowViewHistory,
rule-administrators
BPMWorkflowReassign jstein, oc4jadmin, -- BPMWorkflowAdmin
wfaulk, bpeladmin
sfitzger,
BPMWorkflowSuspend jstein, oc4jadmin, -- BPMWorkflowAdmin
wfaulk, bpeladmin
sfitzger,
BPMWorkflowViewHistory jcooper, oc4jadmin, -- BPMWorkflowAdmin,
wshake, bpeladmin RegionalOffices
wfaulk,
mtwain,
fkafka,
szweig,
jlondon,
mmitch,
cdoyle,
istone
BPMDefaultDomainAdmin -- default -- BPMSystemAdmin

See Also:
■ "Oracle BPEL Control and Oracle BPEL Admin Console Users and
Roles" on page 1-22 for additional details about the
BPMDefaultDomainAdmin role
■ The "Oracle BPEL Process Manager Workflow Services" chapter of
Oracle BPEL Process Manager Developer’s Guide for additional
details about other roles listed in Table A–2

Demo User Community A-3

Setting Up JAZN Demo Users

Table A–3 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Enterprise Groups

System Direct Role and
Demo Users in Users in Group Grantee to
Group Group Role Granted Roles and Group Group
Supervisor jcooper, mtwain, -- -- --
rsteven
LoanAnalyticGroup fkafka, szweig, -- LoanAgentGroup --
mmitch
LoanAgentGroup jlondon, istone, -- -- LoanAnalyticGroup
jcooper, mtwain,
cdoyle, wshake,
mmitch, fkafka,
szweig
RegionalOffices jlondon, istone, -- BPMWorkflowViewHistory EasternRegion,
jcooper, mtwain, CentralRegion,
cdoyle, wshake, WesternRegion
mmitch, fkafka,
szweig
EasternRegion wshake, fkafka, -- BPMAnalyst, --
szweig, mmitch RegionalOffices,
BPMWorkflowViewHistory
CentralRegion jlondon, mtwain -- RegionalOffices, --
BPMWorkflowViewHistory
WesternRegion cdoyle, jcooper, -- RegionalOffices, California
istone BPMWorkflowViewHistory
California istone, jcooper -- RegionalOffices, --
WesternRegion,
BPMWorkflowViewHistory

Oracle BPEL Process Manager declares the role PUBLIC, which is implicitly granted to
all registered Oracle BPEL Process Manager users.
The workflow rules for groups and roles can be created by users who are either the
group owner or have the BPMWorkflowAdmin role. The user can own the group
directly or indirectly. The user owns the group and role indirectly if they are a grantee
for another role and group that owns the role and group. Table A–4 shows the list of
roles and groups with owners. The bpeladmin system user owns the
BPMWorkflowAdmin role.

Table A–4 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Demo Role and Group Owners
Role/Group Direct Owners Owners
LoanAnalyticGroup jstein, BPMAnalyst bpeladmin, default, guest,
oc4jadmin, fkafka, jstein,
mmitch, sfitzger, szweig,
wshake
LoanAgentGroup fkafka, jcooper, BPMAnalyst bpeladmin, default, guest,
oc4jadmin, fkafka, jstein,
jcooper, mmitch, sfitzger,
szweig, wshake, wfaulk
Supervisor jstein jstein
California fkafka fkafka
WesternRegion jstein jstein

A-4 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Setting Up JAZN Demo Users

Table A–4 (Cont.) Oracle BPEL Process Manager Demo Role and Group Owners
Role/Group Direct Owners Owners
EasternRegion jstein jstein
BPMAnalyst jstein, jcooper, cdoyle, jstein, jcooper, szweig,
LoanAgentGroup istone, jlondon, fkafka, mmitch,
mtwain, sfitzger, wshake
BPMWorkflowAdmin bpeladmin bpeladmin

Note: Every demo community user who belongs to the BPMAnalyst

role is an indirect owner of the LoanAgentGroup and
LoanAnalyticGroup roles. Every user who belongs to the
LoanAgentGroup is an indirect owner of the BPMAnalyst role.

Figure A–1 shows the organizational hierarchy of the demo users.

Figure A–1 Demo Users Organizational Hierarchy

CEO
Charles Dickens
Cdickens

Vice President
William Faulkner
Wfaulk

Manager1 Manager2 Director

Scott Fitzgerald John Steinbeck Leo Tolstoy
sfitzger jstein ltolstoy
Manager1
Franz Kafka
fkafka
Loan Agent1 Loan Agent2 Loan
Jack London Irving Stone Consultant
jlondon istone Agatha Christie
achrist
Loan Analyst Loan Analyst Loan Consultant
Stefan Zweig Margaret Jane Austin
szweig Munnerlyn jausten
Mitchell
mmitch

Manager3
Robert Louis Stevenson
rsteven

Loan Agent1 Loan Agent2 Loan Agent2 Loan Consultant

James Cooper Mark Twain Conan Doyle William Shakespeare

jcooper mtwain cdoyle wshake

Demo User Community A-5

Summary

Using the Demo User Community in the Order Booking Tutorial

The OrderBooking tutorial provides an example in which you use the demo user
community. In this tutorial, you assign a group of users to a task in the Human Task
editor. When using this editor, you perform the following tasks:
■ Select Management Chain as the participant type, which enables a chain of
management to sequentially review the task.
■ Assign a task to a group named Supervisor.
■ Select 1 for the number of levels in the management chain to sequentially review
this task.
When the BPEL process is deployed, you log in to the Oracle BPEL Worklist
Application with the user jcooper, acquire the task, and approve it. As shown in
Table A–1, the supervisor of jcooper is jstein. Because you specified 1 as the number of
levels in the management chain to sequentially review this task, jstein (the supervisor
of jcooper) must also review this task. You then log in as jstein and approve the task.

See: Oracle BPEL Process Manager Order Booking Tutorial for

instructions on performing these tasks

Summary
This appendix describes the demo user community for task assignments in Oracle
BPEL Process Manager.

A-6 Oracle BPEL Process Manager Administrator’s Guide

Index

A definitions, 1-4
.bpel_TaskActionHandler_1.0.jar
actionableEmailAccountName
deleting, 1-7
configuration, 2-27
.bpel_TaskManager_1.0.jar
Active Directory
deleting, 1-7
configuration, 2-15
bpeladmin
Admintool
owner of BPMWorkflowAdmin role, A-4
for creating realms, users, and roles, 2-7
part of demo user community, A-2
application roles, A-3
system user in role, A-3
assigneeDelimiter
user account, 1-22, A-1, A-2
configuration, 2-28
with BPMSystemAdmin role, 1-22
authentication
bpelx:exec
BPMAuthenticationService, 3-2
logging, 4-7
definition, 1-3
bpel.xml file, 1-19
NULL authentication required with Oracle
BPMAnalyst
Internet Directory, 2-13
role, A-3
service provider, 2-3
role members directly own LoanAgentGroup and
through identity service, 2-1
LoanAnalyticGroup, A-5
authorization
BPMAppRole interface
BPMAuthorizationService, 3-2
description, 3-2
definition, 1-3
BPMAuthenticationService interface
Oracle Web Services Manager, 1-29
description, 3-2
through identity service, 2-1
BPMAuthorizationService interface
Axis services with custom authentication handlers
description, 3-2
basicHeaders, 1-20
BPMDefaultDomainAdmin
basicPassword, 1-20
definition, 1-22
basicUsername, 1-20
granting, 1-23
invoking secured services, 1-20
role, A-3
BPMGroup interface
B description, 3-2
BPMIdentity interface
basicHeaders
description, 3-2
Axis services with custom authentication
BPMIdentityService interface
handlers, 1-20
description, 3-2
basicPassword
BPMPrincipal interface
Axis services with custom authentication
description, 3-2
handlers, 1-20
BPMProvider interface
basicUsername
description, 3-2
Axis services with custom authentication
BPMRole interface
handlers, 1-20
description, 3-2
BPEL processes
BPMSystemAdmin
securing, 1-5
definition, 1-22
using J2EE basic authentication, 1-8
granting, 1-23
using native BPEL security extensions, 1-10
role, A-3
using SSL for certificate-based authentication, 1-6
BPMUser interface
BPEL security extensions
description, 3-2

Index-1
BPMWorkflowAdmin editing the log4j-config.xml file, 4-4
creating workflow rules for groups, A-4 examples, 4-6
owned by bpeladmin user account, A-4 logger names, 4-3
role, A-3 setting logging values, 4-3
BPMWorkflowReassign domain level security, 1-11
role, A-3 domain log files
BPMWorkflowSuspend location of, 4-1, 4-2, 4-4
role, A-3 domains
BPMWorkflowViewHistory default, 1-22
role, A-3
E
C EasternRegion
cacerts file, 1-16, 1-17 group, A-4
California, A-4 e-mail server
group, A-4 configuring, 2-20
CentralRegion e-mail service
group, A-4 ns_emails.xml file example, 2-22
configure_oid file encryption
configuring Oracle Internet Directory 10.1.2 with definition, 1-4
identity service 10.1.3.1.0, 2-10 Oracle Web Services Manager, 1-29
connection element enterprise groups, A-4
of identity service configuration file, 2-4 examples
connection pool of system and domain level logging, 4-6
identity service properties, 2-4
custom identity service plug-in
F
BPMAppRole interface, 3-2
BPMAuthenticationService interface, 3-2 fax
BPMAuthorizationService interface, 3-2 ns_faxcoverpages.xml file example, 2-24
BPMGroup interface, 3-2 fax wireless provider
BPMIdentity interface, 3-2 configuring fax cover pages, 2-24
BPMIdentityService interface, 3-2
BPMPrincipal interface, 3-2 G
BPMProvider interface, 3-2
BPMRole interface, 3-2 group ownership
BPMUser interface, 3-2 setting up, 2-19, 2-20
creating, 3-1 groups
description of interfaces, 3-1 California, A-4
implementing, 3-2 CentralRegion, A-4
repository example, 2-19 EasternRegion, A-4
enterprise groups, A-4
LoanAgentGroup, A-4
D LoanAnalyticGroup, A-4
default RegionalOffices, A-4
domain, 1-22 Supervisor, A-4
part of demo user community, A-2 WesternRegion, A-4
system user in role, A-3 guest
user account, 1-22, A-1, A-2 part of demo user community, A-2
with BPMDefaultDomainAdmin role, 1-22 system user in role, A-3
demo community user account, A-1, A-2
definition, A-1
example of use, A-6 H
for Oracle BPEL Process Manager, A-1
organizational hierarchy of members, A-5 HTTP basic authentication
roles, A-3 httpPassword, 1-21
users, A-2 httpUsername, 1-20
digital signatures invoking secured services, 1-20
definition, 1-4 HTTP binding
Oracle Web Services Manager, 1-29 invoking secured services, 1-21
domain level logs native BPEL security extensions, 1-13
HTTP proxy server

Index-2
invoking a partner link, 1-28 with, 1-22
httpPassword Java and EJB binding
HTTP basic authentication, 1-21 invoking secured services, 1-21
httpUsername Java API
HTTP basic authentication, 1-20 native BPEL security extensions, 1-13
Javadoc
location of identity service Javadoc, 3-2, 3-5
I
JAZN
identity service demo users, A-1
BPMAppRole interface, 3-2 LDAP-based provider configuration, 2-7
BPMAuthenticationService interface, 3-2 roles, A-1
BPMAuthorizationService interface, 3-2 setting up users, A-1
BPMGroup interface, 3-2 used with identity service, 2-1
BPMIdentity interface, 3-2 XML-based provider configuration, 2-6
BPMIdentityService interface, 3-2 JAZN Admintool
BPMPrincipal interface, 3-2 for creating realms, users, and roles, 2-7
BPMProvider interface, 3-2 jazn-data.xml file, 1-9
BPMRole interface, 3-2 defining the JAZN element, 2-6
BPMUser interface, 3-2 jssecacerts file, 1-16
configuring 10.1.3.1.0 with 10.1.2 Oracle Internet
Directory, 2-7
connection element, 2-4
K
connection pool properties, 2-4 keystore, 1-17
custom plug-in configuration, 2-19 keytool
definition, 2-1 running, 1-16
multiple service providers, 2-3
roles, 2-1
L
structure of identity service configuration file, 2-1
use with JAZN, 2-1 LDAP
userControls and roleControl elements, 2-5 Oracle Internet Directory provider type, A-1
users, 2-1 password for Oracle Internet Directory provider
inbound type, A-1
supported security methods, 1-1 LDAP server
inbound security third-party configuration, 2-15
definition, 1-1, 1-5 LDAP-based JAZN provider
interfaces configuration, 2-7
for custom identity service plug-ins, 3-1 LoanAgentGroup, A-4
is_config.xml file group, A-4
connection element, 2-4 LoanAnalyticGroup, A-4
identity service configuration file, 2-1 group, A-4
location of, 2-1 log files
location of XML schema file for, 2-1 format, 4-1
provider element, 2-2 location of OPMN log files, 4-2
roleControls element, 2-5 log4j
userControls element, 2-5 overview, 4-1
log4j-config.xml file
editing domain level log values, 4-4
J editing system level log values, 4-6
J2EE basic authentication logger names
for BPEL processes, 1-8 domain level logs, 4-3
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for system level logs, 4-5
Developers, 1-9 logging
Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS domain level, 4-1, 4-2
Middle Tier, 1-9 format of log files, 4-1
J2EE basic authentication protected services (HTTP) levels, 4-1, 4-3
HTTP basic authentication, 1-20 location of domain log files, 4-1
HTTP binding, 1-21 location of system log files, 4-1
invoking secured services, 1-20 log4j, 4-1
JAAS security features overview, 4-1
Oracle BPEL Process Manager integrated performance implications of logging with

Index-3
sensors, 4-7 XML elements for voice, 2-23
setting domain level values in Oracle BPEL ns_iaswconfig.xml file
Control, 4-3 example, 2-23
setting system level values in Oracle BPEL Admin
Console, 4-5
O
system level, 4-1, 4-5
with bpelx:exec, 4-7 OC4J instances
with sensors, 4-7 configuring, 2-31
logging levels creating a second instance, 2-31
all, 4-3 requirements, 2-31
debug, 4-3 oc4jadmin
description, 4-3 for creating application server connections in
error, 4-3 Oracle JDeveloper, 1-22
fatal, 4-3 includes BPMSystemAdmin role, 1-22
info, 4-3 part of demo user community, A-2
off, 4-3 system user in role, A-3
warn, 4-3 user account, A-1, A-2
logging performance implications, 4-7 OPMN log files
location of, 4-2
Oracle Application Server Service Registry
M configuring, 2-31
message-handlers.xml file, 1-12 configuring a partner link, 2-37
multiple service providers creating a connection to the UDDI registry, 2-37
identity service support, 2-3 creating a second OC4J instance, 2-31
deploying Web services, 2-34
installing, 2-31
N
integrating with Oracle BPEL Process
native BPEL security extensions Manager, 2-30
domain and process lever security, 1-11 OC4J instance requirements, 2-31
for BPEL processes, 1-10 publishing a service and adding bindings, 2-35
HTTP binding, 1-13 securing the client with basic authentication, 2-38
Java API, 1-13 specifying the registry service inquiry URL, 2-36
SOAP over HTTP binding, 1-13 specifying the registry service key, 2-38
notification mode Oracle BPEL Admin Console
configuring, 2-22 setting system level log values, 4-5
notification service user accounts, 1-22
configuring, 2-20 Oracle BPEL Control
configuring the e-mail server, 2-20 setting domain level log values, 4-3
configuring the fax wireless provider, 2-24 specifying the registry service inquiry URL, 2-36
configuring the notification mode, 2-22 user accounts, 1-22
configuring the pager wireless provider, 2-24 Oracle BPEL Process Manager
configuring the pluggable notification integrated with Oracle Applications Server J2EE
service, 2-24 and JAAS security features, 1-22
configuring the SMS wireless provider, 2-24 integrating with Oracle Application Server Service
configuring the voice wireless provider, 2-23 Registry, 2-30
implementing the pluggable notification Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle
service, 2-24 Tier
registering the pluggable notification certificate-based authentication for Oracle BPEL
service, 2-25 Server, 1-7
XML elements, 2-20 certificate-based authentication with Oracle Wallet
notifications Manager, 1-7
configuring fax cover pages, 2-24 Oracle BPEL Server
ns_emails.xml file enabling certificate-based authentication for Oracle
configuring, 2-20 BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle
example, 2-22 Tier, 1-7
XML elements, 2-20 Oracle Internet Directory
ns_faxcoverpages.xml file associating with an Oracle Application Server
configuring fax cover pages, 2-24 instance, 2-8
ns_iasconfig.xml file configuring 10.1.2 with identity service
configuring, 2-23, 2-24 10.1.3.1.0, 2-7

Index-4
configuring to use SSL, 2-13 specifying, 2-38
performing configuration tasks, 2-10 roleControls element
preconfiguration tasks, 2-7 of identity service configuration file, 2-5
reverting to the XML-based JAZN provider, 2-14 search attributes, 2-5
testing the configuration, 2-13 roleControls Element function
troubleshooting, 2-13 description, 2-5
Oracle Wallet Manager roles
cannot use the default certificate with Oracle BPEL BPMAnalyst, A-3
Process Manager for OracleAS Middle BPMDefaultDomainAdmin, A-3
Tier, 1-7 BPMSystemAdmin, A-3
enabling certificate-based authentication for Oracle BPMWorkflowAdmin, A-3
BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS Middle BPMWorkflowReassign, A-3
Tier, 1-7 BPMWorkflowSuspend, A-3
situations when not to use, 1-16 BPMWorkflowViewHistory, A-3
Oracle Web Services Manager demo community users in roles, A-3
authorization, 1-29 direct owners of, A-4
digital signatures, 1-29 granting, 1-23
encryption, 1-29 owners of, A-4
security features of, 1-28 predefined by identity service, 2-1
outbound system users in roles, A-3
supported security methods, 1-1 with Oracle BPEL Process Manager, 1-22
outbound security
definition, 1-1, 1-14
S
search attribute
P in userControls and roleControls elements, 2-5
pager wireless provider secure socket layer (SSL)
configuring, 2-24 certificate-based authentication for BPEL
partner links processes, 1-6
configuring a connection to the UDDI Oracle BPEL Process Manager for
registry, 2-37 Developers, 1-8
invoking a partner Web service through a proxy Oracle BPEL Process Manager for OracleAS
server, 1-28 Middle Tier, 1-6
passwords certificate-based authentication for invoking
LDAP-based (Oracle Internet Directory) provider secured services, 1-15
type, A-1 design time, 1-17
XML-based (JAZN) provider type, A-1 HTTP/S with partner link and Oracle BPEL
pluggable notification service Server client certificate
configuring, 2-24 authentication, 1-18
implementing, 2-24 HTTP/S with partner link server certificate
registering, 2-25 authentication, 1-17
privileges runtime, 1-17
granting, 1-23 definition, 1-4
process level security, 1-11 secured services
provider element Axis services with custom authentication
of identity service configuration file, 2-2 handlers, 1-20
proxy server invoking, 1-14
invoking a partner link, 1-28 J2EE basic authentication protected services
PUBLIC role (HTTP), 1-20
implicitly granted, A-4 Java and EJB binding, 1-21
pushbackAssignee using SSL for certificate-based
configuration, 2-27 authentication, 1-15
WS-Security-compliant services, 1-18
security
R
Axis services with custom authentication
RegionalOffices handlers, 1-20
group, A-4 custom validator, 1-26
registry service inquiry URL default validator, 1-25
specifying, 2-36 inbound methods supported, 1-1
registry service key invoking secured services, 1-14

Index-5
J2EE basic authentication, 1-8 with Oracle BPEL Process Manager, 1-22
J2EE basic authentication protected services userControls element, 2-5
(HTTP), 1-20 of identity service configuration file, 2-5
Java and EJB binding, 1-21 search attributes, 2-5
native BPEL security extensions, 1-10 user-properties.xml file
outbound methods supported, 1-1 stores user properties, 2-6
overview, 1-1 users
securing BPEL processes, 1-5 automatically created, 2-1
SSL for certificate-based authentication, 1-6, 1-15 bpeladmin, 2-1
validators, 1-25 default, 2-1
WS-Security-compliant services, 1-18 guest, 2-1
sensors in demo community, A-2
logging, 4-7 users accounts for accessing Oracle BPEL Admin
service key Control, 1-22
specifying, 2-38
shortHistoryActions
V
configuration, 2-28
SMS wireless provider validators
configuring, 2-24 creating a custom validator, 1-26
SOAP binding custom, 1-26
WS-Security-compliant services, 1-19 default, 1-25
SOAP over HTTP binding overview, 1-25
native BPEL security extensions, 1-13 voice service
soapCallbackURL property ns_iaswconfig.xml file example, 2-23
setting for certificate-based authentication, 1-7 voice wireless provider
soapServerUrl property configuring, 2-23
setting for certificate-based authentication, 1-7
Supervisor, A-4 W
group, A-4
system level logs web.xml file, 1-10
editing the log4j-config.xml file, 4-6 WesternRegion, A-4
examples, 4-6 group, A-4
logger names, 4-5 wf_config.xml file
setting logging values, 4-5 configuring, 2-26
system log files workflow rules for groups
location of, 4-1, 4-5, 4-6 BPMWorkflowAdmin role, A-4
system users setting up, 2-19
types, A-1, A-2 setting up for JAZN LDAP-based providers, 2-20
setting up for JAZN XML-based providers, 2-19
workflow service
T actionableEmailAccountName
taskAutoReleaseConfigurations configuration, 2-27
configuration, 2-27 assigneeDelimiter configuration, 2-28
third-party LDAP server configuring, 2-26
configuration, 2-15 pushbackAssignee configuration, 2-27
truststore, 1-18 shortHistoryActions configuration, 2-28
taskAutoReleaseConfigurations
configuration, 2-27
U user
UDDI registry ruleRepositoryInfo configuration, 2-29
creating a connection to, 2-37 workflowServiceSessionTimeoutInMinutes
integrating with Oracle BPEL Process configuration, 2-29
Manager, 2-30 worklistApplicationURL configuration, 2-27
user workflowServiceSessionTimeoutInMinutes
ruleRepositoryInfo configuration, 2-29
configuration, 2-29 worklistApplicationURL
user accounts configuration, 2-27
for accessing Oracle BPEL Control, 1-22 WS-Security
for creating application server connections in definition, 1-3
Oracle JDeveloper, 1-22 WS-Security-compliant services

Index-6
invoking secured services, 1-18
SOAP binding, 1-19
wsseHeaders, 1-18
wssePassword, 1-18
wsseUsername, 1-18
wsseHeaders
WS-Security-compliant services, 1-18
wssePassword
WS-Security-compliant services, 1-18
wsseUsername
WS-Security-compliant services, 1-18

X
XML-based JAZN provider
configuration, 2-6
password, A-1
reverting to, 2-14

Index-7
Index-8

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