In its simplest form, concrete is a mixture of paste and aggregates, or rocks.
The paste,
composed of portland cement and water, coats the surface of the fine (small) and
coarse (larger) aggregates. Through a chemical reaction called hydration, the paste
hardens and gains strength to form the rock-like mass known as concrete.
Within this process lies the key to a remarkable trait of concrete: it's plastic and
malleable when newly mixed, strong and durable when hardened. These qualities
explain why one material, concrete, can build skyscrapers, bridges, sidewalks and
superhighways, houses and dams.