SUMMING IT UP

Some important pointers in applying manicure/pedicure designs, must be followed to come up with beautiful ,
neat, and smooth designs.

The basic manicure/pedicure designs are V-shape, half-moon, tip design, and elephant tusk. Examples of fancy
designs include calla liliy, leaf, geometric, and petal designs.

DO THESE

A. Practice each basic design using water color and bond paper before applying it on the nails.
B. Create your own manicure/pedicure design.

LESSON 5

FOOT SPA

1. What are the tools, materials, and supplies needed in giving foot spa treatment?
2. How is foot spa given?
3. What is the importance of getting a foot spa treatment?

People seek different ways to remain healthy and physically fit. Some spend much time, effort, and
money to improve the way they look and feel from head to toe.
Aside from getting a regular pedicure, most people today also get a foot spa treatment. Spa, in general,
refers to a warm-water hydromassage facility that provides relaxation. Nowadays, the term is used to refer to
a water therapy treatment that help relax and invirogate the body.

TOOLS AND MATERIALS for a FOOT SPA

1. Foot spa machine – This is an electrical mini tub where the feet are submerged. There are various
types of foot spa machines. Some even feature different massaging gadgets.
2. Basin- This is a shallow plastic container used to hold hot liquids. If a foot spa machine is not
available, a big basin can be used to submerge the feet. At least two basins are needed, one for
soaking and the other one for rinsing the feet.
3. Foot scrubber/metal scrapper- This is a metal implement that looks like a food grater and is used to
scrub off dead hard skin.
4. Corn plane- This is used to remove corns and thick calluses.
5. Foot File- This is much bigger that a nail file and is used to smoothen the skin after scrubbing.
6. Pumice Stone- This is a light, spongy, volcanic rock that comes in various shapes, sizes, and colors.
Some pumice stones are used to smoothen dry rough heels and to remove dead skin cells.
 COSMETICS AND SUPPLIES FOR FOOT SPA

1. Foot Soak- This is used to soften rough skin. It cleans and softens the soles of the feet. It has varied
scents that give calming and soothing effects.
2. Foot Scrub- This is a cream with tiny , soft beads or particles that gently exfoliate rough, thick and
dead skin without irritating it.
3. Foot Balm or Lotion- This is a lotion with different scents, like lavander, peppermint, or strawberry. It
is used to soften and smoothen dry, rough skin, leeving the feet soft, silky, and totally refreshed.
4. Foot Spray- This energizes and refreshes tired feet.

Other materials needed:

 Water
 Apron
 Towel (2 pieces)
 Water heater
 Low stool
 Plastic tray

Preparation

1. Put all the needed tools, materials, and cosmetics in a plastic tray.
2. Wear an apron and sanitize your hands.
3. Seat your patron comfortably.
4. Check if the feet are free of wounds and bruises. Never give a foot spa treatment to anyone with wounds,
bruises, or cuts on the feet.
5. Put lukewarm water in the bowl of the foot spa machine or in a basin enough to cover the feet up to the
ankle.
6. Keep another basin filled with lukewarm water at your side for rinsing.

PROCEDURE

 Add enough amount of foot soak to the lukewarm water.

 Submerge the feet in the bowl of the foot spa machine or in the basin for 5 to 10 minutes to soften the
soles and heel of the feet.
 Apply the foot scrub and rub it on the legs and feet for deep cleansing and to make them soft and
smooth.
 Rinse the feet with lukewarm water and wipe them dry with a towel.
 Using a pumice stone, polish the areas of the feet where there is thick and rough skin.
 Use the foot scrubber to remove the rough and dead skin of the feet.
 If there are thick calluses, you can use the corn plane in removing them, but be very careful not to
scrape too deep.
 File the soles and heels of the feet to close the pores until they become smooth.
 Aplly foot balm/lotion, and then massage the feet to relax them.
 Apply a foot spray or foot color (optional) for pinkish soles and heels.
 Benefits of a Foot Spa Treatment

 It contributes to one’s good grooming and hygiene.

 It relaxes and revitalizes tired, aching feet.
 It helps relieve anxiety and stress.
 It aids in proper blood circulation.

SUMMING IT UP

 A foot spa treatment cleans, softens, and moisturizes the feet.

 To have totally refreshed feet, follow the step-by-step procedure in giving foot spa treatment correctly.

DO THIS

Look for a partner. Prepare the materials and supplies for giving a foot spa. Give your partner a foot spa
treatment.

CHAPTER XVIII
Facial treatment and Makeup

Nowadays, both men and women are very particular about their skin.They acknowledge that having
a soft, smooth, and flawless skin is part of a pleasant personality. Caring for the skin has become easier today
because of different skin treatments and products readily available in the market.
One way of taking care of the skin is choosing the right make up and applying it properly to enhance
one’s natural beauty.

LESSON 1

PLAIN FACIAL TREATMENT

1. Why is a facial treatment important?

2. What are the benefits of getting a facial treatment?
3. What tools and materials are needed for a facial treatment?
4. How is plain facial treatment done?

Facial treatment is one of the most relaxing treatments offered by beauty salons. To help
minimize skin problems, some cosmetologists advise getting a facial treatment early on when the skin
is still young. When the skins starts becoming oily, sallow, and rough, and problems like blackheads
and pimples start to appear, then its time to have a facial treatment. A person may get a facial
 treatment as often as once a week.
Here are some benefits of getting a facial treatment:

1. It cleanses, nourishes, and stimulates the skin.

2. It helps relax tired nerves and eyes.
3. It keeps facial muscles firm or strengthens weak or sagging muscles.
4. It helps maintain the youthful texture and appearance of the skin.
5. It prevents the premature formation of wrinkles, aging lines, and double chin.

In this lesson you will deal only with a simple or plain facial treatment,which you can do even
at home.

The following materials are needed for a plain facial treatment: head covering or plastic cap,
headband, basin with lukewarm water, cotton, towels, spatula, cleansing tissue, and facial steamer
(optional).
The supplies or cosmetics needed in giving a facial include (1) cleansing cream- used to
cleanse the skin; (2) emollient cream or nourishing cream- used to lubricate the skin during facial
massage; and (3) astringent lotion or skin toner- used to close skin pores and reduce oil on the skin.

Procedure for a Plain Facial

1. Prepare all the needed supplies and implements.
2. Prepare your patron. Ask the patron to remove his or her earrings and hair accessories. Seat the
patron comfortably. Put the head covering and the headband along the hairline.Cover the upper
part of your patron’s body with a clean sheet or a big towel.
3. Using a spatula, get a small amount of cleansing cream from the container. Apply a small
amount of cream (about the size of a pea) on the forehead, nose, cheeks, and chin. Using a
sweeping motion, spread the cream in this manner: start on the chin and slide to the end of the
jaw; from the base of the nose to the temples; along the side of the nose up over the bridge;
between the brows and across the forehead and temples.
4. With the cleansing tissue properly folded on one hand, remove the cleansing cream starting at
the forehead and the following the contour of the face. Remove all the cream from one area
before proceeding to the next.
5. Using towel soaked in warm water, steam the face mildly.
6. Choose an emollient cream that matches your patron’s skin. Apply the cream in the same manner
as the cleansing cream. Use lanolin cream for dry skin and cold cream for oily skin.
7. Massage the face gently.
8. Remove the emollient cream with the cleansing tissue in the same manner as the cleansing
cream.
9. Applly astringent lotion or skin toner.
10. For a female patron, apply makeup (optional).
Summing it up

 A plain facial treatment requires simple and easily available facial cosmetics and materials.
 A facial treatment can help prevent common skin problems like oily and rough skin, pimples, and
blackheads, among others.

DO THESE

A. Interview an individual engaged in the skincare business. Ask him or her how to give plain facial
treatment using other available commercial products like facial wash, facial scrub, and facial
packs and masks.
B. Find a partner. Prepare all the materials and supplies for facial. Give your partner a plain facial
treatment.

LESSON 2

EGG PACK TREATMENT

1. Why are packs and masks used for facial treatments?

2. What tools and materials are needed for an egg pack treatment?
3. How is an egg pack treatment done?

Packs and masks can be used either as a part of a facial treatment or ass separate
treatments. They vary in composition, manner of use, and effect on the skin. A pack is applied
directly to the face, while a mask is applied under or over a gauze layer.
An egg pack is a treatment for oily skin. It is easy to do, affordable, and does not require
facial cosmetics because the supplies can be found in your own kitchen.

Benefits of Packs and Masks

1. Increase the firmness of the skin

2. Increase blood circulation.
3. Remove oil and dirt on the skin.
4. Soften and smoothen the skin.
5. Give the skin a relaxing and refreshing feeling.
 Tools and Materials Needed

The following are the materials and tools needed for an egg pack treatment :

 Headband
 Plastic cap
 Towels ( 2 pieces)
 Glass bowl
 Teaspoon
 Tissue
 Cotton
 Cleansing cream
 Egg white (1 piece)
 Kalamansi juice ( 1 teaspoon)
 Honey ( 1 teaspoon)
 Luke warm water
 Basin
 Facial wash
 Facial cream or lotion

Preparation of Egg Pack

1. Place the egg white in a glass bowl and beat it lightly.

2. Add 1 teaspoon of kalamansi and honey. Blend the mixture well.

Procedure for an Egg Pack Treatment

1. Prepare your patron. Place all the needed tools and materials within your reach. Drape your
patron’s upper body part with a towel and cover his or her entire head with a towel or a plastic
cap. Then put the headband along the hairline.
2. Apply the cleansing cream. Follow the procedure used in the plain facial treatment.
3. Remove the cleansing cream with a tissue.
4. Using cotton, spread the egg pack on the face. Avoid the areas of the eyes, nose and mouth.
Allow the pack to remain on the face for 3 to 5 minutes until it dries. Remind your patron to avoid
touching his or her face while the pack is drying. The pack causes a tightening or stretching
feeling to the skin , which is just normal.
5. Use a facial steamer, if available, or a towel soaked in warm water to steam the face for 3 to 5
minutes.
6. Wash the egg pack off with lukewarm water and facial wash.
7. Rinse and dry the face with a clean towel.
8. You may apply facial cream or skin lotion on your patron’s face before applying make up.
SUMMING IT UP

 A pack is directly to the face, while a mask is applied under or over a gauze layer.
 For normal and oily skin, an egg pack treatment can be done to make the skin smooth, soft, and
younger looking.

DO THESE

A. Make your project plan for an egg pack treatment.

B. Interview beauty salon owners about other types of homemade facial treatments.

LESSON 3
FACIAL MAKEUP

1. Why do people put on makeup?

2. What are the different types of makeup?
3. What are the tools and cosmetics needed in applying facial makeup?
4. What are the steps in applying facial makeup?

The primary purpose of putting on a makeup is to highlight a person’s good facial features and
the soften the less attractive ones. There is no ideal way of applying makeup because each person has
unique facial features. What is important is that one’s makeup is neatly done, is suitable to his or her
personality, and is easy on the eyes.

Types of Facial Makeup

There are different types of makeup. The choice and application of makeup depends on the
occasion , time of the day, the person’s age and personality, skin color, and the contour of the face,
among others.

1. Daytime Makeup – Daytime makeup should be natural and light. It should use the lighter shades
to enhance the natural beauty of a person. Daytime makeup will suit any casual wear.
 2. Evening Makeup – Evening makeup is sometimes called party makeup. It can be a bit heavy
and dark.
3. Photographic Makeup – Photographic makeup is used primarily to conceal skin blemishes,
spots, pigment discoloration, dark circles, ect.This type of makeup is best recommended for
people who want to look attractive in photographs. Because of the impressive change that this
type of makeup can affect on a person’s facial features, this is sometimes referred to as
corrective makeup.
4. Screen/Theatrical Makeup – To bring close to reality the character being portrayed by actors
and actresses, they need to wear screen or theatrical makeup. With the right cosmetic products
and the imaginative mind and artistic hands of a makeup artist, a peson’s normal face can
transform into something fantastic. The transformation can be simple, like altering the curve of the
nose and making the person look younger (for older); or it can be as complicated as transforming
a person into a beastlike creature.

TOOLS and SUPPLIES for Facial Makeup

The following are the tools and supplies needed in applying plain facial makeup :

 Headband
 Tissue paper
 Cape
 Cotton pad
 Spatula
 Wet sponge
 Cleansing cream
 Astringent/ skin toner
 Lotion or moisturizer
 Foundation (oil based or water based)
 Eyebrow pencil
 Eyebrow brush
 Eyeliner
 Eye Shadow (3 shades)
 Lash curler
 Mascara
 Cheek rouge / blush on
 Lip liner
 Lip brush
 Translucent powder or loose powder
 Powder brush
Preparation
1. Wash and dry your hands before working.
2. Assemble all your materials and supplies.
3. Seat your patron comfortably. Place a headband or a piece of cloth along your patron’s hairline to
keep the hair away from the face.
4. Analyze the nature, texture, and color of the skin.

Procedure for Applying Makeup

1. Apply a small amount of cleansing cream (about the size of a pea) on the forehead, nose,
cheeks, chin, and neck of your patron. Spread the cream lightly over the face in upward and
outward circular movements. Remove excess cream with tissue.
2. Apply the astringent or skin toner. If your patron has oily skin, use astringent; if she has dry skin,
use skin toner instead. Moisten a cotton pad with lotion and pat it lightly over the entire face and
under the chin and neck.
3. Apply the foundation. Use a water based foundation for oily skin, and an oil based foundation for
dry skin. Choose foundation that matches your patron’s skin tone. Use a wet sponge in applying
cake foundationevenly on the face , neck, ears, the back of the ears, and the nape.If you are
using cream foundation, apply it in dots on the forehead, nose, cheeks, and chin, then blend in an
upward and outward motion without leaving a line. Check on the evenness of your application.
4. Shape the eyebrow by using an eyebrow pencil. Brush the brows in place before using the
eyebrow pencil. To give the brows a natural look, use light, feathery strokes.
5. Apply the eyeshadow. Select a shade that will complement the eyes. Apply the eye shadow
lightly on the upper lid. Blend lightly upward to the brow lines. You may use three shades of eye
shadow. Use the dark shade to line the upper eye lid, the medium shade for the crease, and the
light shade for the area under the eyebrow.
6. Apply the eyeliner. You may use an eyebrow pencil instead of an eyeliner, or you may use liquid
eyeliner to make the eyes look larger and the lashes thicker. Be extra careful in applying the
eyeliner.
7. Use a lash curler in curling the upper eye lashes. Apply mascara under the sides of the lashes
and brush them upward. If the mascara is properly applied, the lashes will not stick together.
8. Apply the blush on or cheek rouge. The cheek rouge is applied from the cheekbone going up to
the corner of the eyes and ears. Blush-on or cheek rouge helps much in facial contouring.
Consider the shape of the cheekbone when applying the rouge. It is better if the color of the
cheek rouge complements the colors of the eye shadow.
9. Define the outline of the lips with a lip brush or a lipstick pencil. Color the upper lip first, the lower
lip.Lipstick comes in various forms, (cake or stick), colors (warm or cool), and types (matte,
glossy, ect. ).Use a tissue paper to blot excess lipstick and to even out of texture.
10. After everything has been applied and checked, use a powder brush to apply translucent or loose
powder in a downward motion for a smooth finish. Translucent powder keeps the face looking
fresh and helps makeup last longer.
SUMMING IT UP

 Makeup is used to enhance a person’s natural beauty.

 The different types of makeup are daytime, evening, photographic and screen/theatrical.
 The choice and application of makeup depends on the occasion, times of the day, the age, and
personality of the person, skin color, and the contour of the face among others.
 To achieve the perfect makeup, follow the step-by-step procedure for applying makeup.

DO THIS
Prepare a project plan for applying plain facial makeup.Prepare all the materials and supplies you
will need.Look for a classmate or a schoolmate who will act as your model. Apply makeup on her by
following the step-by-step procedure.

LESSON 2
HAIR DYE

1. What is hair dye?

2. What are the materials and supplies needed for hair coloring or dying?
3. What is the step-by-step procedure for hair coloring?

Hair dye is used to change color of the hair- from a lighter to a darker shade- and to get
rid of gray hair. The chosen hair color should blend with the natural color of the hair, eyebrows,
and skin. Although hair dye helps enhance a person’s appearance, freaquent hair dying can
damage or dry the hair.

MATERIALS and SUPPLIES for Hair Coloring

 Cape
 Apron
 Plastic bowl
 Tinting brush
 Towels
 Absorbent cotton
 Hair clips
  Rubber gloves
 Shampoo
 Hair dye
 Conditioner
 Rat-tail comb
 Oil or cream

Preparation
1. Shampoo the hair to get rid of dirt and oil. The hair should be lightly damp before the dye is
applied.
2. Trim hair, especially dry and split ends, to ensure even hair color (optional).
3. Perform a skin or patch test to your patron to check his or her sensivity to the hair dye. Apply a
small amount of the hair dye behind the patron’s ear or on the inner fold of his or her elbow to find
out if irritation, allergy, or any harmful reaction occurs. If this happens, wash the affected area
right away.
4. Wrap a towel around the neck to prevent irritating the skin and staining the clothes of your patron.

Procedure in Hair Coloring

1. Prepare your supplies and materials.
2. Examine the patron’s hair and scalp to find out if potential coloring problem exists.
3. Comb the hait yo untangle it.
4. Section the hair into quarters and clip each section.
5. Wear rubber gloves to protect the hands.
6. Prepare the hair coloring formula by following the directions on the package. Use the mixture
immediately.
7. Use a tinting brush or cotton in applying the hair color section by section.
8. Spread and hold wuarter inch width strands in an upward direction away from the scalp.Apply
color evenly to both sides of strands, starting from the scalp to about 1-2 inches from the hair
ends.
9. Repeat the process until you have completed coloring the four sections of the hair. After coloring
all four sections , check the entire head for evenness of application and apply color where
needed.
10. Comb the color through the hair ends.
11. Per manufacturer’s intruction, allow the tint to remain on the hair for the prescribed number of
hours. You may also cover the hair with a plastic cap and leave it for about 15-30 minutes for
highlights, or 60 minutes for a defi ite hair color change.
12. Check for color development.
13. Remove color stains from your patron’s skin (ears, neck, along the hairline) by using oil or cream.
14. Rinse the hair with cold or tepid water to remove excess color.
15. Apply mild shampoo to the hair, then rinse, and dry the hair.
16. Style the hair. (optional)
 CHAPTER XX
HAIR SETTING, STYLING, and CUTTING

The hair is a person’s crowning glory. It is among the first things that people notice
about another person. Asied from being on of the most noticeable features, it also offers the
easiest way to transform one’s appearance.
By changing hairstyle, one can easily achieve a whole new look, from being plain to
being pretty and even stunning. This chapter focuses on setting the hair, creating simple and
elegant hairstyles and haircutting.

LESSON 1
HAIR SETTING

1. What is hair setting?

2. What are the different hair setting techniques?

Hair Setting is a way of preparing the hair by using pins, curlers, or rollers before styling. Hair
setting can give a limp hair body and fullness, make thin hair look more abundant, and turn straight hair
into atumble of soft waves or curls. The way your hair looks after setting depends its texture and length,
the type of rollers used, and the way it is styled for the occasion.There are different hair setting
techniques. They include pin curling, roller setting, and curler setting.

PIN CURLING

Pin curling is a setting technique of molding wet hair around the index finger and securing it in
place with a hairpin or a pin curl clip. It is also called sculptured curls. It is used to create good lines,
waves, ringlets, curls, and rolls.

Parts if a Pin Curl

1. Base – The base is the stationary or immovable foundation of the curl , which is attached to the
scalp.

a. Square base pin curls- used for even structures appropriate for combing and brushing into curls
or waves.
b. Triangular base pin curls- recommended along the front or facial hairline to prevent breaks or
splits in the finished hairstyle.
c. Arc or half moon base pin curls- recommended for an upsweep effect at the back of the head.
 2. Stem- The stem is the part of the pin curl between the base and the first arc or turn of the circle. It
gives the circle direction, action , and mobility.
3. Circle- The circle is the part of the pin curl forming a complete circle. The direction may be
clockwise or counterclockwise.

TOOLS and MATERIALS needed in Pin Curling

 Rat-tail comb
 Setting lotion
 Pin curls clips
 Do-all clips
 End paper
 Hair pins

Conventional Method of Pin Curling (from the hair ends to the scalp)

1. Wet the hair with setting lotion,

2. Comb, smooth, and separate the hair into strands.
3. Place the index finger on the strand about an inch or two from the hair ends, then roll the hair
around the index finger.
4. Turn the curl downward and roll it toward to scalp.
5. Pin the curl securely on its base.

Ovelapping Method of Pin Curling ( from the scalp to the hair ends)

1. Wet the hair with setting lotion.

2. Comb, smooth, and separate the hair into strands.
3. Roll the curls by placing the index finger of the left hand over the strand close to the scalp and
wind the hair around the top of the finger.
4. Remove the curl by sliding it off the finger and pin securely in the place.

__Note: To prevent fish-hooks or bent ends, use end papers and fold them over uneven hair ends before
winding.Appy setting lotion or gel as you work.

ROLLER SETTING

Roller setting produces wave forms with volume and is used to achieve the height and fullness of
a particular hairstyle. In roller setting, the larger the roller used, the biggest and weaker the curl; the
smaller the roller used, the stronger the curl.

Pointers in Roller Setting

1. For long hair and casual hairstyle, use a roller with a large circumference.
2. When a style is detailed with waves, use a roller with a smooth circumference.
3. Set only the part of the hair that needs the effect of fullness and height, depending on the
hairstyle.
 4. Use the correct size of curlers for every sectioning.

Roller-Setting Patters

1. Straight back pattern – The hair is wound around the rollers toward the back of the head. The
hair is sectioned into nine ito nine equal portions.Separate each section with a do-all clip for
convenience in blocking and setting. This pattern is used for all kinds of comb-outs.
2. Sided pattern – This pattern is suitable for hairstyles or comb-outs with side parting.The hair is
divided into eight equal sections; two portions at the front area, three at the back area, and
another three at the nape area.
3. Dropped-crown pattern – This pattern is also know as the pageboy pattern.This is suitable for
longer and one length haircut and for a smooth crown effect. The hair is divided into six sections:
three sections at the front area and three portions at the nape area. It has a neat crown area.This
pattern is recommended for hairstyles requiring curls at the hair ends. Depending on the manner
of curling the hair , the pattern can be a pageboy hairstyle or a fly-away hairstye. The pageboy
hairstyle is curled inward while the fly-away is curled outward.

Tools and Materials Needed in Roller Setting

 Rat-tail comb
 Do-all clips
 Setting lotion
 Rollers
 Pin curl clips
 Hairnet
 Hairblower
 Ear pads

Procedure in Roller Setting

1. Comb the hair to remove tangles and dirt

2. Section the hair according to the roller setting patter. You may use the do-all clips in sectioning
the hair.
3. Divide the one section of hair 1 inch wide for every roller size.
4. Wet the hair strands with setting lotion, and then direct the hair into the appropriate setting angle
by combing.
5. Smooth and control the hair strands by pressing them between the middle and index fingers of
the auxiliary hand.
6. Place the roller on the hair strands, one diameter’s distance from the hair’s end with the dominant
hand.
7. Wrap the hair ends on the rollers with the fingertips of the hand performing pressing actions.
8. Wind the hair toward the scal, holding the hair strands taut.
9. Position the roller firmly on the base and fasten it.
10. Cover the entire head with a hairnet and then blow dry the hair,
CURLER SETTING

While roller setting is setting the hair using rollers, curler setting is a means of producing waves,
curls, and rolls by using a curler. Curlers are used because they produce stronger curls than rollers. In
curler setting, one end paper or tension paper is placed beneath the hair strand, and another one on top
to facilitate winding.

TOOLS and MATERIALS Needed in Curler Setting

 Rat-tail comb
 Do-all clips
 Setting lotion
 End paper
 Hair blower
 Curlers (assorted sizes)

Procedure in Curler Setting

1. Wet the hair with setting lotion and comb it neatly.

2. Section the hair neatly according to the desired pattern.
3. Block and comb the hair strand for winding.
4. Place one end paper beneath the strand and one on top, or you may use one end paper by
folding it and placing the strand of hair in between.
5. Hold the hair strand firmly by following the growth of the hair, or the elevation, to ensure smooth
winding.
6. Wind the hair from the hair ends toward the scalp.
7. Fasten the strap at the top of the curler.
8. Blow dry and dress the hair.

SUMMING IT UP

 Hair setting is a way of preparing the hair by using pins, curlers, or rollers before styling it.
 Hair setting techniques include pin curling, roller setting, and curler setting.
 Pin Curling is the setting technique of molding wet hair around the index finger and securing it in
place with a hairpin or a pin curl pin.
 Roller setting is the setting technique that produces wave forms with volume and is used to
achieve the height and fullness of a particular hairstyle.
 Curler setting is means of producing waves, curls and rolls by using a curler. Curlers produce
stronger curls than rollers.
DO THIS

Find a partner and practice doing the three hair-setting techniques

1. Pin Curling – Make clockwise and counterclockwise pin curls by using the conventional and the
overlapping methods. Secure the pin curls correctly with pin curl clips or hairpins on both soed of
the head.
2. Roller Setting – Practice making each roller setting pattern: straight-back pattern, sided pattern,
and dropped-crown pattern (both pageboy and fly away hairstyles)
3. Curles Setting – Follow the steps in curler stting by using the straight back pattern or the
hanging pattern if you wish to curl only the hair ends. Try also the spiral pattern in which the
curlers are fastened vertically.

LESSON 2
HAIRSTYLING

1. What is Hairstyling?
2. What is important pointers should you consider in hairstyling?
3. What tools and materials do you need and hairstyling?
4. What are the steps in styling hair with brush-up and french twist designs?

Hairstyling is the art of arranging the hair into attractive shapes and styles.
Different lengths of hair need different hairstyles.For ordinary occasions, casual hairstyle and
short hair are appropriate. For normal and special occasions, brush-up with creative styles for
longer and shoulder-length hair are most suitable.

Pointers in Hairstyling

1. Choose a hairstyle suitable to a person’s age and personality.

2. Check the person’s facial contour. There are styles appropriate for different facial shapes.
3. Make a hairstyle that is appropriate for the occasion.
4. Hairpins should not be visible.
5. Be sure that there are no hair sprouts and that the finishing is smooth and neat.
6. Teasing the hair is optional, but if the style requires it, teasing is done after roller setting.

TOOLS and SUPPLIES for Hairstyling

 Cape
 Rat-tail comb
 Do-all clip
 Gel
 Setting lotion
 Rio rubber band
 Hairpins
 Hairspray
 Hair blower

Before starting doing the hairstyles, you must first plan the kind of hairstyle you will
make so you can decide the most appropriate type of hair setting to do.
The french twist hairstyle is a hairstyle intended for formal occasions. In this
hairstyles, you start by roller setting the hair and then proceed with twisting it at the center or at
the side of the head. Study the following procedure.

Procedure
A. Roller Setting

1. Wet the hair with setting lotion.

2. Comb the hair to free it from tangles.
3. Section the hair according to the pattern.
4. Separate each section with do-all clips.
5. Block the first section at least ½ inch.
6. Wind the hair around the roller toward the scalp.
7. Clip the roller securely in place.
8. Blow dry and comb out of the hair.

B. Creating the Brush-up and French Twist Hairstyle

1. Tease the hair.

2. Comb the right side of the hair toward the center of the head and secure with a clip.
3. Comb the left side of the hair. Twist the hair inward and secure with clips.
4. Turn the hair ends inward toward the twist. Secure with clips.
5. Apply hairspray and smoothen the hair with the back of the comb.
 SUMMING IT UP

 Hairstyling is the art of arranging the hair into attractive shapes and styles.
 In choosing a hairstyle, consider a person’s age, personality, hair length, and facial contours as
well as the occasion.

DO THIS

Find a partner and style each other’s hair with brush up and french twist hairstyles. Try to create other
designs out of the hair ends.

LESSON 3
HAIRCUTTING

1. What is haircutting?
2. What tools are used in haircutting?
3. What are the different types of haircuts?
4. How each haircut done?

Haircutting is the art of trimming and shaping the hair. It can be a lucrative job, so any person with
the skill and knowledge in haircutting can possibly earn a decent living.

HAIRCUTTING TOOLS

To gain expertise in haircutting, one must own a complete set of haircutting tools. The following
are the tools used in haircutting:

The rags-to-riches plot maybe cliché to many, but there’s no other way to decribe
the life story of hairstylist extraordinaire Ricky Reyes. He combined an acute sense of beauty and
style with hard work, grit, and tenacity to become a byword in the hairstyling industry.Blessed with
the talent and flair of the born beautician, Ricky opened his 1st parlor in 1973
Bigger things, soon followed for the hairstylist-turned-salon mogul as he expanded
his craft into a lucrative enterprise. To date, Ricky has beauty shops, across the country and a
televison show to boot. He is also a fixture in hairstyling and beauty conventions, sharing his past
knowledge and skills with others. In 2000, Ricky released his biography , Hair majesty, which
chronicles his rags-to-riches story
1. Hair-Shaping scissors – These types of scissors have pointed tips and grip with different holes;
one hole fits the thumband the other one fits the middle finger. They vary in sizes. When using
hair-shaping scissors, use long cutting strokes instead of small cutting strokes for best results and
for easy handling of the implement.

Reminders:

 Be sure the scissors are sharp enough for cutting.

 Avoid using the scissors to cut other materials.
 Avoid dropping the scissors because this will destroy the blades.
 When cutting close to the skin, guide the pointed tipof the scissors with the fingers.

2. Thinning Shears – This type has notches on one blade and on the tip in not pointed. These are
specially made for thinning thick and kinky hairs. Newer models have notches on both blades.

Reminders:

 Always sanitize and keep thinning shears dry.

3. Straight Razor – This implement is most commonly used by barbers to shave beards,
mustaches, and the napes for a cleaner effect. It is best used if the part to be shaved is damp.

Reminders:

 The straight razor can be used aftershve.

 It should be sanitized and kept dry after using it.
 Observe extra care in handling the straight razor.

4. Razor – Razors have safety guards that serve as a comb for thinning out thick hair. It has two
types: the single blade and the doule blade. The double-blade type is commonly used if you like
to attain an irregular length of hair.

Reminders:

 The razor has replaceable blades.

 Sanitize the razor after each use.
 Always keep the razor dry.

5. Clipper – This is an electrically operated shaving implement used to clear the neck after a neck
trim.It can also be used with a comb to give a tappering effect of the haircut. The bald look effect
for men is usually done with a clipper. All you need is a firm grip to hold the vibrating implement.

Reminder:

 Be sure the hands are dry when using the clipper.

 Always check the electrical cord of the clipper.
 Turn off the clipper when the handle is too hot.
Other TOOLS and MATERIALS Used in Haircutting

1. Combs

a. Large-Toothed Comb – This is used in combing the hair to remove tangles before cutting.
b. Rat-Tail Comb – This comb has a tail like that of a rat, which is used in sectioning and dividing
the hair when cutting.
c. All-purpose or Barber’s comb – This type of comb is even in width or both ends but uneven in
the size of the teeth. The length of this comb is about 6 to 7 inches. It is commonly used in giving
a short barber’s cut.

2. Cape – This is a drape used by barbers or cosmetologists when giving services to costumers. It
is made of cotton or nylon material. It is placed around the neck and over the shoulders to protect
a costumer’s clothes from hair.

3. Barber’s Brush – This is a soft-bristled brush used to brush off hair trimmings clinging to the
cape or the skin. It is best used with powder.

4. Spray Bottle – This is a water container made of plastic or glass that has a hose, a nozzle, and
a regulator.

5. Do-all clips – These are hair clips used to hold the sectioned hair when parting. They are about 3
to 5 inches long and are usually made of plastic or metal. They are very useful in other hair
treatments.

Different Haircuts

A hairstyle can do wonders for one’s looks. The secret beyond a good hairstyle is a great cut
that complements the shape of the face and suits the hair type. The following are types of haircuts.

A. Blunt Cut – This is the process of cutting the hair staraight across.

1. Wet the hair with water.

2. Comb the hair to free it from tangles.
3. Section the hair into three parts. Secure these parts with do-all clips.
4. Bring down strands of the hair at the nape. Cut the guideline hair. The guideline hair is the first
cut of hair at the nape that serves as the guide for the following strands.
5. Bring down some strands and cut along the guideline hair. Repeat for the rest of the strands until
you finish cutting the hair at the back.
6. Cut the hair at the sides to the same length as the hair at the back.
7. Check if the hair length is uniform all around.
8. Blowdry the hair to style.
9. Apply powder at the nape using the barber’s brush , then brush off cut hairs from the nape.
 B. Tapered Haircut – This is the process of cutting the hair into a graduated effect.

1. Section the hair into three parts and secure the parts with do-all clips.
2. Bring down hair strands at one side and snip the first strand. This will serve as the guidline hair.
3. Sliding along the nape and going upward at a right angle, hold the hair between the index and the
middle finger, and snip it. Ccomb the hair downward.
4. Cut the next strands in the same manner as the previous strands, up to the crown area.
5. Check the entire hair from the side to the back and to the crown. Check if the hair is balanced in
length and thickness.
6. To put bangs, snip the hair upward in an angle. Check if the length is not covering the eyes and
not too far above eyebrows.
7. Finish cutting and then blow-dry the hair.

C. Wedge Haircut

1. Section the hair into three parts and secure them with do-all clips.
2. Comb the hair on top of the crown downward and cut it in even length.
3. Bring down the hair at the side and cut to the desired length.
4. Trim the fingers after sliding the hair into your fingers to create a soft and pretty look.
5. Lift the hair from one side upward from the crown and cut its ends to the desired length.
6. Repeat at the front part using a zigzag fashion.
7. Check the hair length before blow-drying to style.

D. Barber’s Cut

1. Part the hair into three sections: the top and the both sides. Secure them with clips.
2. Starting from one side, cut the hair by using the barber’s scissors and the comb.
3. Cut from one side going to the other side by passing the nape area.
4. Shape the ear area by cutting alongthe earlobes, then barbering upward to the crown. Do the
same on the other side.
5. Check the entire length and thickness of the hair.

SUMMING IT UP

 Haircutting is the art of trimming and shaping the hair.

 Haircutting Tools include hair-shaping scissors, thinning shears, clippers, and razors.
 A good haircut is balanced in length and in thickness. It complements the shape of the face and
suits the hair type.
  There are different types of haircuts. They include blunt cut, tapered haircut, wedge haircut, and
barber’s cut.

DO THESE

A. Try using each haircutting instrument.Note down the effects of each cutting instrument on the
hair.
B. Find a person who needs a haircut. Choose the best haircut for this person by considering the
shape of the person’s face and hair type.