Unit 5: Technology

TECHNOLOGY

UNIT OBJECTIVES

After this unit, students will be able to:

• Introduce direct and indirect speech.
• Use vocabulary relating to topic (technology,
electrical equipment, computers and Internet,
on the phone).
• Study the stress patterns in compound nouns.
• Develop listening, reading and speaking skills
via practical exercises relating to this topic.

OVERVIEW

1 2 3
WARMING UP GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Which inventions readers thought Reported speech Vocabulary about technology
were the most important

4 5 6
PRONUNCIATION READING LISTENING
The stress patterns in compound • Changing lives • Using the internet
nouns • The price is wrong • Things you would hate to be
without

7 8 9
SPEAKING WRITING KEY
• Your favorite things Describing advantages and
• Internet activities disadvantages

DURATION (12 PERIODS)

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A British newspaper recently carried out a survey to find out which inventions
A. its readers thought were the most important. Their top four choices are listed
below but they are NOT in the correct order. Match each invention to a section
of the pie chart to show the result of the survey.

1. Vaccination 2. Electricity
3. Computer with World Wide Web 4. Bicycle

B. Make true sentences from the chart.

Nikon camera Scotland

Champagne is made in Sweden
Ferrari cars are France
Whisky Italy
IKEA furniture Japan

REPORTED SPEECH
Uses
We use reported speech when we tell someone what another person said.
Example: “I’m happy”, she said. (direct speech)
→ She said she was happy.
Changes in the process of transferring from direct to reported speech
• The verb forms change.
• We also change personal pronouns, possessive pronouns.

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Simple present Simple past

Example: “I get up early”, he said. Example: He said he got up early.

Present continuous Past continuous

Example: “I’m staying with my cousin”, she said. Example: She said she was staying with her
cousin.

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DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Simple past Past perfect
Example: “I broke the window”, said Alan. Example: Alan said he had broken the window.

Past continuous Past perfect continuous

Example: “I was working all night”, he said. Example: He said he had been working all night.

Present perfect Past perfect

Example: “I have driven a bus”, said Ron. Example: Ron said he had driven a bus.

Present perfect continuous Past perfect continuous

Example: “I’ve been reading for an hour”, Example: He said he had been reading for an
he said. hour.
Will Would
Example: “I will take them home”, he said. Example: He said he would take them home.
Can Could
Example: “I can speak Japanese”, she said. Example: She said she could speak Japanese.
Must Had to
Example: “I must leave”, he said. Example: He said he had to leave.

• There are also other changes (pronoun, time, place words) that take place when we use
reported speech.

Today That day

Tonight That night
Tomorrow The following day/ the next day
Yesterday The day before/ the previous day
Last year The year before/ the previous year
Next week The week after/ the following week
A month ago A month before/ the previous month
Now Then
At the moment At that moment
Here There
This/ these That/ those

Example: “I will meet you here at the same time tomorrow”, said Lauren.
→ Lauren told me she would meet me there at the same time the next day.
Notes
• Say and Tell are the reporting verbs that we use most often with reported speech.
We use the verb “tell” with an indirect object
Example: My friend told me that his boss was going to give him a raise.

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We use the verb “say” without an indirect object.

Example: He said he had lots of new ideas.
• We can use the word “that” after the reporting verb.
Example: He said he won two tournaments.
He said that he had won two tournaments.
• Reported speech with questions
- In reported speech, questions are introduced by the verb ask.
Example: He asked where I had been.
- We use the same question word that is in the direct question.
Example: “What does she do in her free time?”, he asked.
→ He asked what she did in her free time.
- When a direct question does not begin with a question word, we make the reported
question with the word if or whether.
- The verb form changes, and the word order changes from question to statement form.
- The changes in time and place also apply to reported questions.
+ WH-QUESTIONS
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Simple present Simple past
Example: “What do you want?”, he asked. Example: He asked (me) what I wanted.

Present continuous Past continuous

Example: “Why are you shouting?”, she asked. Example: She asked (me) why I was shouting.

Simple past Past perfect

Example: “When did they leave?”, said Nicole. Example: Nicole asked (me) when they had left.
Past continuous Past perfect continuous.
Example: “Where were you going?”, asked Example:
Larry. Larry asked (me) where I had been going.

Present perfect Past perfect

Example: “What has she done?”, asked Tim. Example: Tim asked (me) what she had done.
Present perfect continuous Past perfect continuous
Example: “Who have you been talking to?”, Example: She asked (me) who I had been
she asked. talking to.
Will Would
Example: “I will take them home?”, he said. Example: He said he would take them home.
Can Could
Example:“Which computer can I use?”, Example: Bob asked (me) which computer he
asked Bob. could use.
Must Had to
Example: “What do I have to do?”, she asked. Example: She asked (me) what she had to do.

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+ YES/NO-QUESTIONS
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Simple present Simple past
Example: “Do you know them well?”, I asked. Example: I asked her if/ whether she knew
them well.
Present continuous Past continuous
Example: “Are they staying for dinner?”, he Example: He asked if/whether they were
asked staying for dinner.
Simple past Past perfect
Example: “Did I frighten you?”, he asked. Example:
He asked if/ whether he had frightened me.
Past continuous Past perfect continuous.
Example: “Was Sheila waiting for you?”, I Example: I asked if/ whether Sheila had been
asked. waiting for him.

Present perfect Past perfect

Example: “Has Paul applied for the job?”, Example: She asked if/ whether Paul had ap-
she asked. plied for the job.
Present perfect continuous Past perfect continuous
Example: “Have they been arguing again?”, Example: I asked if/ whether they had been
I asked. arguing again.
Will Would
Example: “Will you get some milk for me”, Example: She asked if/ whether I would get
she asked. some milk for her.
Can Could
Example: “Can Natalie drive a car?”, he Example: He asked if/ whether Natalie could
asked. drive a car.
Must Had to
Example: “ Do I have to go to the post office?”, Example: He asked if/ whether he had to go to
he asked. the post office.

• Reported speech with command and request

Reported commands are usually introduced Reported requests are usually introduced
with the verb Tell + indirect object + with the verb ask + indirect object + in-
infinitive finitive.
Example: “Please wait outside the office”, she
Example: “Stay back”, the police officer said.
said.
→ The police officer told the crowd to stay back. → She asked us to wait outside the office.

If the command is negative, we put the If the request is negative, we put the
word not before to. word not before to.
Example: “Don’t forget to lock the front door”, Example: “Please don’t write in pencil”, he said.
he said.
→ He told me not to forget to lock the front door. → He asked them not to write in pencil.

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PRACTICE

1 Choose the best way to complete the sentences below.

1. Please tell me ………….
a. Where is the bus stop b. Where the bus stop be
c. Where stops the bus d. Where the bus stop is
2. I told him ………….
a. What the homework was b. What was the homework
c. What was to be the homework d. What is the homework
3. I think .....................
a. Will be the plane on time b. The plane will be on time
c. The plane to be on time d. It will be on time the plane
4. I didn't know ………….
a. What he mean b. What did he mean
c. What did he meant d. What he meant
5. He said………….
a. That the weather colder than usual b. The weather be colder than usual
c. The weather was colder than usual d. The weather it is colder than usual
6. I think ………….
a. Today it is Wednesday b.That is today Wednesday
c. Today is Wednesday d. Today be Wednesday
7. He said ………….
a. That yesterday he gone downtown b. He goes downtown yesterday
c. He go downtown yesterday d. He went downtown yesterday
8. I believe ………….
a. Him he is right b. He is right
c. He be right d. That he right
9. She said ………….
a. That she was hungry b. She hungry
c. She be hungry d. Her was hungry
10. He told us ………….
a. That he enjoy the movie b. He enjoyed the movie
c. He be enjoying the movie d. That enjoyed the movie

2 Change the following sentences into reported speech.

1. Where are you going?
→ He asked me..............................................................................
2. How did you do that?
→ They wanted to know..................................................................
3. Who will come to the cinema with us?
→ They asked..................................................................................

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4. Why are you so sad?

→ She asked me.................................................
5. What is the matter?
→ They wondered..............................................
6. How could they be so impatient?
→ I wondered ....................................................
7. Which compact disk are you taking with you?
→ I asked him....................................................
8. What am I to do?
→ He wondered .................................................
9. How do you know that?
→ I asked him.....................................................
10. Are you enjoying yourself?
→ He asked me......................................................

3 Finish the following sentences by using Reported speech.

Example: Peter: "Clean the black shoes!"
→ Peter told me to clean the black shoes.
1. Andrew: "Clean the blue bike!"
Andrew told me ………………………………….
2. Jessica: "Write a text message!"
Jessica told me ………………………………….
3. Nelly: "Help Peter's sister!"
Nelly told me ……………………………....…….
4. Fred: "Wash your hands!"
Fred told me …………………………….....…….
5. Anna: "Open the window!"
Anna told me ……………………………....…….
6. Tom: "Come at 8!"
Tom told me ………………………….....……….
7. Teacher: "Do your homework!"
The teacher told me ……………………...………
8. Doris: "Dance with me!"
Doris told me …………………………...……….
9. Sabine: "Meet Sandy at the station!"
Sabine told me ……………………….………….
10. Victoria: "Check your e-mails!"
Victoria told me ………………………………….

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4 Finish the sentences using Reported speech.

Example: Peter: "Did John clean the black shoes yesterday?"
→ Peter asked me if John had cleaned the black shoes the day before.
1. Mandy: "Are the boys reading the book?"
→ Yesterday Mandy asked me …………………………..
2. Jason: "Who gave you the laptop?"
→ Yesterday Jason wanted to know ………………….....
3. Robert: "Is Tim leaving on Friday?"
→ Yesterday Robert asked me …………………………..
4. Daniel: "Will it rain tomorrow?"
→ Yesterday Daniel asked me …………………………..
5. Jennifer: "Where do you play football today?"
→ Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know …………………..
6. Nancy: "Why didn't Nick go to New York last summer?"
→ Yesterday Nancy wanted to know ……………………
7. Barbara: "Must I do my homework this afternoon?"
→ Yesterday Barbara asked me ………………………….
8. Linda: "Did Max fly to London two weeks ago?"
→ Yesterday Linda wanted to know ……………………
9. Grandmother: "Where are my glasses?"
→ Yesterday Grandmother asked me……………………
10. A man: "When does the train to Liverpool leave?"
→ Yesterday a man asked me…………………………....

A. Electrical equipment

1 Match the items below with the correct pictures.

a hand-held computer an ipad

a dishwasher a washing machine
a hair dryer hair strengtheners
a webcam a hands-free phone
an MP3 player air conditioning
central heating A DVD recorder

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a b c d

e f g h

i j k l

2 Which of the things in 1 have you got? Which would you like to have?
Work in pairs. Put the things in 1 in order from the most useful (1) to the least useful (12).
Compare answers with another pair.

Which words in the box do the definitions below describe? Complete them with
3
the correct relative pronoun.

boiler bodyguard cleaner cook

cooker decorator dry cleaner’s vacuum cleaner
freezer launderette photocopier plumber
stationer’s typewriter

1. A …………………… is a machine …………………… makes copies of documents.

2. A …………………… is a person …………………… protects important people from
being attacked.
3. A …………………… is a place with washing machines …………………… you can
wash your clothes.
4. A ……………… is a person ………………… job is to mend central heating, taps, etc.
5. A ……………… is a machine ……………… you use to clean floors and carpets.

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4 How the machines work

A B
a. switch on/off the button
b. plug in your mobile phone
c. press the tape
d. rewind/fast forward the vacuum cleaner
e. restart the volume
f. turn up/down your messages
g. replay your computer
h. shut down the tape
i. hold down your computer
j. pause the button
k. My computer needs recharging
l. My mobile phone ‘s crashed
m. The batteries need replacing

B. Computers and Internet

1 How computer literate are you?

1. How old were you when you first used a computer?
a. Over 20
b. Between 10 and 19
c. Under 10
2. How long did it take you to learn how to save, copy,
print and delete file?
a. I was able to learn this very quickly
b. I’m still useless at doing these things.
c. I could do these things after I read the instructions.
3. How good are you at searching for information on the Internet?
a. I haven’t got a clue how to do this.
b. I usually manage to find what I want, but not always.
c. I’m quite good at doing this and I can always find what I want.
4. Do you know how to download software or music from the internet?
a. I have no idea how to do this.
b. I find this quite easy to do.
c. I think I know how to do this, but I haven’t done it for a while.
5. How good are you at using new computer equipment or software?
a. I’m able to use most new stuff after a very short time.
b. I find it difficult to use anything new unless someone shows me.
c. I’m no good at using new stuff.

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Check your answers.

1. a. 0 points b. 1 point c. 2 points

2. a. 2 points b. 0 point c. 1 point
3. a. 0 points b. 1 point c. 2 points
4. a. 0 points b. 2 points c. 1 point
5. a. 2 points b. 1 point c. 0 points

9-10 points:
You’re very computer literate and you probably spend quite a lot of your free time in front
of a computer screen in the evenings. Maybe you should turn your computer off and go out
with your friends a bit more often!
5-8 points:
You know how to use a computer and you probably have to use one at work or for your
studies. You’ve learned what you need to know, but that’s all. Maybe you should try and
learn one or new things that you can do with your computer.
0-4 points:
Obviously computers aren’t very important to you. You can probably manage to turn it on
and check your email, but not much else! Maybe you should think about doing a course so
that you can improve your computer skills.

2 Match the items below with the correct pictures.

a printer a mouse a monitor a scanner

a keyboard a game console a speakers a memory stick

a b c d

e f g h

3 Fill in the gaps with these verbs.

delete log on go search make

close reply to click on download have

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1. You can save, copy, print or delete a file or a document.

2. You can create, open or …………………… a folder.
3. You can get, send, forward or ………………… an e-mail.
4. You should ………………… a back-up copy of your important documents.
5. You can …………………… by entering your password.
6. You can …………… an icon, an attachment, a website address or a link on a web page.
7. You can …………… online and ………… software, pictures or music from the Intenet.
8. If you ……………………… broadband, you can ……………………… for something
on the Internet very quickly.

4 Complete the words and phrases below with words from the box.

Provider Copy Computer Disk Sites

Boards Address Printer User Top

1. computer program 6. e-mail ………………….…....

2. floppy ………………..…. 7. laser …………………………
3. …………………- friendly 8. lap …………………………...
4. Internet Service ………… 9. back-up ……………………...
5. key ……………………… 10. web ………………………...

5 Can you remember what these symbols mean?

a b c d e f g

6 Match the verbs in the left with an appropriate word on the right.

1. to operate a. a new document …………………………….............

2. to click b. a computer …………………………….............

3. to open c. data …………………………….............

4. to save d. a back-up copy …………………………….............

5. to make e. on an icon …………………………….............

7 Complete the sentences with a word from the box.

Virus Memory Save Print

Laptop Cut Crash Copy Paste

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1. If you click on …………………………., the computer will store the data for you.
2. If you click on …………………………., you will have two versions of something.
3. If you click on …………………………., the computer will take something out.
4. If you click on …………………………., it will put in something you wanted to move.
5. If you click on …………………………., you can get a paper copy.
6. If your computer is very low, it may need more ……………………. .
7. If you want to work on a plane or train, you need to use a ………………… computer.

8 Choose the correct words/phrases.

1. delete/go a document 2. forward/make an email
3. click on/log on an attachment 4. print/search for something on the Internet
5. download/search software 6. print/go online

9 Fill in the missing vowels.

1. h _n d – h _ l d 2. h _ _ r d r y _ r
c_mp_t_r 3. w _ b c _ m
4. c _ n t r _ l h _ _ t _ n g 5. _ _ r c _ n d _ t _ _ n _ n g
6. h _ n d s – f r _ _ p h _ n _ 7. M P 3 p l _ y _r
8. d _ s h w _ s h _ r

10 Are you a ‘techie’ or a technophobe?

Match each word in the box with a definition.

an anti-virus broadband cyberspace the Internet

a mouse a techie a technophobe

a. A person who doesn’t like machines, especially computers.

b. A computer system which allows millions of computer users
around the world to exchange information.
c. A system that is able to send different types of communication
signals down a telephone line at the same time.
d. A piece of software you install on your computer to protect
it from viruses.
e. A small object which you move with your hands to give
instructions to the computer.
f. The imaginary place where electronic messages, informa-
tion, pictures, etc, exist when they are sent from one computer to another.
g. Someone whose life is dominated by technology – especially computers.

11 Answer these questions. If possible, ask someone else the same questions.
1. Do you have a computer at home? If so, what is it (e.g. PC, Mac, etc.)?
2. Do you use computers at school/college/university or work?
3. What do you use them for?
4. What software are you familiar with?
5. Do you use e-mail? If so, what’s your e-mail address?
6. Do you use the Internet? If so, what are some of your favorite websites?

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C. On the phone

1 Fill the gaps in these sentences with the correct word.

On Get Enquiries Mobile

Box Reverse Fax Cards
Operator Answering machine

1. When I got home last night there were four messages on my …………………………..
2. You can put the information in the post if you like, but it would be much quicker if you
sent it by ………………… I’ll give you the number.
3. I tried to …………………… through to you from a public phone ………………… but
the first one was out of order, and the second one I tried only took phone………………
, and I haven’t got one.
4. If I’m not in the office, you can always reach me on my ………………………. .
5. I tried to ring Marry but she was already …………………… the phone to her sister.
6. If you don’t know the number, you can find out from Directory ……………………….
7. A: Did you phone your parents?
B: Yes, but I had to make a …………………… charge call as I didn’t have any money.
8. I had trouble getting through; in the end I had to go through the ……………………

2 Complete these phone conversations with suitable words or phrases.

A: Hello? A: Good morning. Boulding Limited.

Can I help you?
B: Good morning. Could I (1) …………
………………… Alicia James? B: Yes. (3) ……………………….. Paul
Mathews and I’m trying to contact Mr.
A: (2) ………………………….. Patterson. He left a (4) …………………
B: Oh, good morning, Mrs. James. My ……… on my answer phone yesterday
name is ….......... afternoon.
A: I see. Well, I’m afraid Mr. Patterson’s
…………… at the moment. Can I ask
(5)

him to phone you (6) …………………

……… later?
B: Yes, please. I shall be here until
lunchtime. My (7) ……………………
……… is 748 7267.

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A: Hello?
B: Hi. (8) ………………………… Sandra?
A: No, sorry. Sandra’s not (9) ……………………………… at the moment.
B: Oh. Do you know when she’ll (10) ………………… back?
A: No, I’ve no idea.
B: OK. Well, in that case, could I (11) ………… a (12)…………… for her?
A: Yes, of course.
B. Could you ask her to (13) ………… me a (14) ……………… this evening?
A: Sure. What’s your name?
B: Catherine. I’m a colleague from work. She’s got my (15) ………………………
A: Right, I’ll tell her.

A: Hello?
B: (16) ……………………… Carlos?
A: Yeah, speaking.
B: Hi Carlos. (17) ……………………… Serena.
A: Oh, hello. I was expecting you to ring yesterday.
B: I did – I tried. I rang about six times last night but I couldn’t get (18) …………
………… It was (19) ……………………… all the time.
A: Oh, yes, I’m sorry about that. I was (20) ……………… the phone to my brother
for about an hour and then someone rang me about the table tennis next week.

D. Crossword

Across
2 When your computer is on ……………………… it is saving energy. (7 letters)

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5 You use a ……………………… like Yahoo or Google to find the site or information
you want. (2 words) (6, 6)
7 Junk e-mails that arrives in your mail box without your permission. (4)
9 Someone who can get into another person’s computer system to use or change the
information there. (6)
10 To wander from site to site on the Internet, looking for something to interest you. (4)
11 When you ……………………… on you connect your computer to a computer system
so you can start work. (3)
12 The term cyber ………………................……… describes the world that exist only on
computers. (5)
Down
1 This is an electronic document stored on your computer. (4)
3 To transfer information from the Internet to your computer, you need to ………………
……… it. (8)
4 When you are on ……………………… you are connected to the Internet. (4)
5 You use a mouse wheel to …………………… up or down a page on your computer. (5)
6 This a place you can go to ‘talk’ to Internet users from around the word. (2 words) (4, 4)
8 A set of pages of information on the Internet about a particular subject. (7)

1 Notice the stress patterns in compound nouns.

NOUN + NOUN ADJECTIVE + NOUN
phone message central heating

2 How do you think the following compound nouns are pronounced?

Call centre Fan heater

Spare part Instruction manual

Swimming pool Dark glasses

Mobile phone Video recorder

Dining room Personal computer

Washing machine Car radio

3 Listen and check. Practice saying the words, paying attention to the stress

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Reading 1: CHANGING LIVES

Wooden wheelchair Tsetse fly tra

Bicycle ambulance Fish cage
1
Match each text A-D below to one of the inventions above. Look through just
the first few lines of each text to find clues to the topic. Write the name of the
invention at the beginning of each text.
A:
Without suitable transport, villagers of the terai, or plains, of Nepal had
no way of taking sick or injured people to the nearest health centre.
However even the poorest villages had bicycles. The charity Practical
Action was already working with the villagers to build bicycle trailers
to take goods to market, and the next step was to adapt them to become
ambulances. The two- wheel trailers is made from moulded metal
with standard wheels with rubber tyres. The bed section can be
padded with cushions to make the patient comfortable, while the
“seat” section allows a family member to attend to the patient during
transit. In response to user comments, a cover has been designed that can be added to give
protection to the patient and attendant in poor weather. Made of treated cotton, the cover is
durable and waterproof. The total cost of a complete bicycle ambulance is $150.
B:
Across Africa, the tsetse fly threatens a staggering 55 million people and their livestock.
The insect sucks blood and in doing so may pass on rabies or the deadly parasite that cause
trypanosomiasis, sometimes known as sleeping sickness. Infected an-
imals suffer from poor growth, weight loss and low milk yield. They
may also become infertile and die. An estimated 500, 000 people are
also affected by the disease each year, and most of them will die.
Tsetse fly traps are a simple but effective solution. They are built
using blue cloth spread between three poles, which looks like a cow
to the hungry insect, while bottles containing a mixture of cows’
urine and acetone are placed below. Attracted by the smell, the tsetse
fly settles on the cloth but is unable to get a bite and falls into the trap. One tsetse fly trap
cost only $20 to build but tests have shown that a single trap is ineffective. For this reason
it’s important that farmers build a number of traps across an area.
C:
In Bangladesh, some 56 per cent of the under-fives are malnourished
because their families don’t have the land, the resources or the money
to get them the food they need. However, there is a simple invention,
costing only $5, that is helping children and their families to thrive.The
“hapa” is a fish cage which allows villagers to “grow” fish in their
local ponds by feeding them on nothing more than scraps and waste.
The “hapas” provide vitamin and protein- rich food all year round,
as well as a little extra money to pay for healthcare and school fees.
A few young fish are put in each “hapa”, which acts as their home, floating just below the
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surface of the pond. With a little food- oil cakes, kitchen waste and snails- fish grow to full
size and in just a few months begin to produce young.
The cages are made using a few cheap materials. Bamboo poles form the outer frame and
these are secured with string. This is then covered in netting and floats made of cork are added
at the corners. With a capacity of one cubic metre, the cage can hold up to 300 fish at a time.
D:
In 1993, the charity Motivation was asked to address the desperate
need for wheelchairs in Cambodia, where thousands are disabled
by mines every year. A team then carried out a 12-month project to
set up production of the Mekong wheelchair, which had to be suitable
not only for people who had lost both legs but also for the needs of
people with other disabilities. A lack of steel tubing in Cambodia
and the country’s predominantly rural environment convinced the
wheelchair designers that the Mekong should be a wooden frame
chair with three wheels to make it more stable and maneuverable in rough conditions. The
wheelchair packs flat into rice bags, making transport of the vehicle very efficient, and takes
approximately two hours to assemble. The workshops are capable of producing the Mekong
at a rate of more than 800 a year and at a cost of $40 each. A child’s version is also available.
2 Complete this table.

Invention Cost
Wooden wheelchair
Fish cage
Bicycle ambulance
Tsetse fly trap

Complete the sentences below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the
3 passage for each answer.
1. The word “terai” in the Nepali language means. ...................................
2. A more common name for trypanosomiasis is.......................................
3. In Bangladesh, the local word for a fish cage is..................................
4. The charity Motivation called their wooden wheelchair...............................

Reading 2:
THE PRICE IS WRONG

A . In a world where 2 bil-

lion people live in
homes that don’t have light
tries. For example, cheap
oral- rehydration therapy de-
veloped in Bangladesh has
bulbs, technology holds the dramatically cut the death
key to banishing poverty, ac- toll from childhood diarrhea.
cording to a major United
Nations report. Even the
simplest technologies can
B . But even when such
technologies exist, the
depressing fact is that we
transform lives and save can’t make them cheap
money. Vaccines, crops, solar energy can all reduce enough for those who most
computers and sources of poverty in developing coun- need them.
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example, just 13 were for entirely is to give up a huge

tropical diseases. opportunity”, says Fuku
da- Patt. “If they’re so good
A ccording to the main
author of the report,
Sakiko Fukuda- Patt, “It’s
for multinationals, why
shouldn’t they be used by
the big corporations that poor farmers” she says.
really should read this report. Computers could also
We’re asking them to be revolutionize the lives of
more socially responsible”. poor people, allowing them
solar panels, batteries and They could do more to to benefit from a global
light bulbs are still beyond provide vital products such wealth of free information
the purse of many, but where as medicines at different that could help solve local
they have been installed they prices around the world to problems. But they would
change lives. A decent light suit what people can afford.
in the evening gives children Alternatively, they could pay
more time for homework and a percentage of their profit
extends the productive day towards research and
for adults. development for the poor.

C . Kenya has a thriving

solar industry and six
years ago pioneers also
E . Governments from
rich countries should
contribute more too. They
started connecting schools to and other resources such
the Internet via radio links. as the World Bank and
These people were fortunate international institutes could
in being able to afford solar provide as much as $10 need to be cheap and
panels, radios and old com- billion. Developing countries wireless. Fukuda- Patt says
puters. How much bigger should also make better use that Brazil and India have
would the impact be if these of intellectual property laws already developed cheap
things were made and priced that entitle them to vital computers, proving what
specifically for poor people? medicines, just as South countries can do for
Africa did with AIDS drugs. themselves.
D . Multinationals must
become part of the solu-
tion, because although they F . Controversially, the
report backs genetically
But the objectives will be
difficult to achieve. Time has
own around 60 per cent of modified (GM) crops despite stood still in many areas
the world’s technology, they the widespread opposition such as sub- Saharan Africa,
seldom make products for to them among Western where there has been no
poor customers. Of 1, 223 environmentalists and increase in tractor use in a
new drugs marketed world- non-governmental organiza- decade.
wide from 1975 to 1996, for tions. “To reject GM crops

1 The reading passage has six sections, A- F. Which section contains the follow-
ing information.

Example: Answer
The importance of technology for developing countries. A
1. a country which benefits from a successful solar power industry. ......................
2. where financial contributions should come from ......................
3. how major drug companies could help developing countries ......................
4. two developments that could make a big difference in poor countries ......................
5. how many useful technologies are too expensive for poor people ......................

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2 Choose the correct letter a, b, c or d

According to a UN report, genetically modified crops
a. should not be sold in poor countries
b. should not be used anywhere
c. should be available in poor countries
e. should be produced more cheaply

A. Using the Internet

1 Look at pictures A-D. What are the people doing in each one?

a b c d

2 Listen to four people discussing how they use the Internet. Put pictures A-D in
the order they talk about them.

3 Listen again. Answer these questions.

a. Why was Ian surprised when he got to work this morning?
b. Why does Molly like shopping online?
c. Does Clive always pay for the songs he downloads?
d. Why hasn’t Ian worked out how to download songs?
e. How many people can play an online RPG at any one time?
f. Why does Olivia use her webcam a lot?

B. Things you would hate to be without

You will hear six people talking about something they would hate to be without. Listen
and complete the table.

Object How she/she describes it Why it is important to him/her

1
2
3
4
5
6

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A. Your favorite things

1 You are going to present your own list of five things you’d hate to be without.
You could include some of the following.

2 Spend a few minutes thinking about how to describe these things and why they
are important to you. Mention some or all of the following.
- What the object is
- Where/how/when you got it
- Description of the object (colour, size, etc.)
- Why it’s important to you
- What you use it for
- Why you couldn’t live without it
- Any stories/memories associated with it
Ask your teacher for any words or phrases you need.
Useful language
a) Introducing object
I couldn’t live without my …
One thing I’d hate to be without is …
b) Describing objects
I bought it when I …
It was given to me by my …
I’ve had it for …
It’s made of …
It’s quite (small) …
It used to belong to …
c) Saying why it’s important
It’s really important to me because …
I need it for …
It’s very valuable.
It’s got great sentimental value.
It reminds me of …
I’d be really lost without it.

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B. Internet activities

1 Work in pairs to discuss the following questions.

Which THREE of the following Internet activities are most popular across all age groups?
Internet Activities
• Check the weather
• Get news
• Get travel information
• Buy a product
• Send/receive email
• Look for health/medical information
• Research a product before buying it
• Participate in a online auction
• Do research for school or training

2 What other Internet services can you think of, especially ones which would be
popular with young people?

3 Interview your partner about their personal use of the Internet. Ask about
these points, and be prepared to ask follow-up question to find out more.
• Activities you most use the Internet for, and why
• Time you spend on the Internet each week
• The best thing about the Internet
• The most annoying thing about the Internet
• People you email most often, and why

4 Study the following topic individually and take a few moments to make notes,
perhaps in the form of a mind plan.

Describe your favorite website.

You should say:
What the website is
What it offers
How often you visit it
And explain why you like it so much.

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Describing advantages and disadvantages

Write about the following topic.
Mobile phones have brought many benefits but they have also had negative effects.
Do the disadvantages of having mobile phones outweigh the advantages?
Give reason for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge and experiences.
You should write at least 250 words

Useful expressions

1. Introduction to the topic.

............................................................................................
............................................................................................
..........................................
2. Advantages
There are several obvious benefits, such as
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
..........................................
Another positive aspect is
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
..........................................
3. Disadvantages
The impact has not all been positive
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
..........................................
The most common criticism is
............................................................................................
.............................................................Another negative
effect is.................................................
A final drawback is
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
..........................................

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WARMING UP
A.
1st Bicycle (63%) 2nd electricity (20%)
3rd Vaccination (9%) 4th Computer with World wide web (8%)

B.
Nikon cameras are made in Japan Champagne is made in France
Ferrari cars are made in Italy Whisky is made in Scotland
IKEA furniture is made in Sweden

GRAMMAR
1
1. d 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c
6. c 7. d 8. b 9. a 10. b
2
1. where I was going. 2. how I had done that.
3. who would come to the cinema with them. 4. why I was so sad.
5. what the matter was. 6. how they could be so impatient.
7. which compact disk he was taking with him. 8. what he was to do.
9. how he knew that. 10. whether I was enjoying myself.
3
1. Andrew told me to clean the blue bike. 2. Jessica told me to write a text message.
3. Nelly told me to help Peter's sister. 4. Fred told me to wash my hands.
5. Anna told me to open the window. 6. Tom told me to come at 8.
7. The teacher told me to do my homework. 8. Doris told me to dance with her.
9. Sabine told me to meet Sandy at the station. 10. Victoria told me to check my e-mails.
4
1. Yesterday Mandy asked me if the boys were reading the books.
2. Yesterday Jason wanted to know who had given me the laptop.
3. Yesterday Robert asked me if Tim was living on Friday.
4. Yesterday Daniel asked me if it would rain the next day.
5. Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know where I played football that day.
6. Yesterday Nancy wanted to know why Nick hadn’t gone to New York the previous summer.
7. Yesterday Barbara asked me if she had to do her home work that afternoon.
8. Yesterday Linda wanted to know whether Max flew to London 2 weeks before.

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9. Yesterday Grandmother asked me where my glasses were.

10. Yesterday a man asked me when the train to Liverpool left.
VOCABULARY
A.
1
a. ipad b. dishwasher c. washing machine
d. webcam e. hands-free phone f. hair dryer
g. hand-held phone h. air conditioning i. MP3 player
j. DVD recorder k. central heating l. hair strengtheners

3
1. photocopier / which (that) 2. bodyguard / who
3. launderette/ where 4. plumber/ whose
5. vacuum cleaner / which (that)

4
A B
a. switch on/off your mobile phone
b. plug in the vacuum cleaner.
c. press the button
d. rewind/fast forward the tape
e. restart your computer
f. turn up/down the volume
g. replay your messages
h. shut down your computer
i. hold down the button
j. pause the tape
k. My computer ‘s crashed
l. My mobile phone needs recharging
m. The batteries need replacing

B.
2
a. memory stick b. printer c. monitor
d. speakers e. scanner f. keyboard
g. mouse h. game console

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3
1 delete 2. close 3. reply to
4. make 5. log on 6. click on
7. go / download 8. have / search
4
1. computer program 6. e-mail address
2. floppy disk 7. laser printer
3. user- friendly 8 laptop
4. Internet Service Provider 9. back-up copy
5. keyboards 10. websites

a. save the b. cut c. open a d. copy e. print f. open an g. paste

data in this new docu- existing
document ment document

1.b 2.e 3.a 4.d 5.d

7
1. save 2. copy 3. cut 4. paste
5. print 6. memory 7. laptop

8
1. delete 2. forward 3. click on
4. search for 5. download 6. go

9
1. handheld computer 2. hair dryer 3. webcam
4. central heating 5. air conditioning 6. hands-free phone
7. MP3 player 8. dishwasher

10
a. technophobe b. the Internet c. broadband
d. an anti-virus e. a mouse f. cyberspace
g. techie

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C.
1
1. answering machine 2. fax 3. get/box/cards
4. mobile 5. on 6. Enquiries
7. reverse 8. operator

2
1. speak to 2. Speaking 3. My name is
4. message 5. out/not here/ in a meeting 6. back
7. (phone) number 8. Is that 9. here/in
10. be 11. leave 12. message
13. give 14. ring/call 15. (phone) number
16. Is that 17. This is/It’s 18. through
19. engaged 20. on

Across
2. standby 5. search engine 7. spam
9. hacker 10. surf 11. log
12 space (cyberspace is one word)
Down
1. file 3. download 4. line
5. scroll 6. chat room 8. website

READING
Reading 1
1
A. Bicycle ambulance B. Tsetse fly trap
C. Fish case D. Wooden wheelchair

Invention Cost
Wooden wheelchair $40
Fish cage $5
Bicycle ambulance $150
Tsetse fly trap $20

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2
1. plains 2. sleeping sickness
3. hapa 4. Mekong

Reading 2

1. C 2. E 3. D 4. F 5. B

c.

PRONUNCIATION

Call centre Fan heater

Spare part Instruction manual
Swimming pool Dark glasses
Mobile phone Video recorder

Dining room Personal computer

Washing machine Car radio

LISTENING

A.
1
a. Chatting and using webcam b. Playing computer games
c. Downloading music d. Online shopping

2
1. d 2.c 3.b 4.a

3
a. Because there were over 300 emails in her inbox this morning
b. Because shopping online doesn’t feel like you’re spending money at all!
c. Yes, he does. Because it’s new stuff
d. Because he’s too busy to play role-play game
e. Any number of people can play
f. Most of her family live in the States, so she uses webcam to keep in touch with them

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B.

Object How she/she describes it Why it is important to

him/her
1. Mobile phone No description given Uses it to organize social
life, by sending texts and
calling people when out and
about
2. Alarm clock Battery-operated, in the Sentimental value, given by
shape of a soldier wearing friends at university twelve
a uniform and helmet years ago

3. Guitar Six string acoustic guitar Has had for over twenty
years, plays it almost every
day

4. Computer No description is given Uses it to store addresses,

phone numbers and other in-
formation, as well as to
search the Internet and email
friends and family

5. CD walkman Grey, quite slim Uses it on trains to block out

other noise, has had it for six
years since living in Japan
6. Ring Silver, with a heart in the Sentimental value; a re-
middle, held by two hands minder of Irish grandmother
from Ireland

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English words Pronunciation Part of speech Vietnamese equivalents

Air conditioning n Điều hòa nhiệt độ

Answering machine n Máy trả lời tự động

Bodyguard /’bɒd.i.gɑːd/ n Người bảo vệ/vệ sĩ

Boiler /’bɔɪ.lər / n Nồi nấu
Broadband /’brɔːd.bænd/ n Băng rộng

Central heating n Hệ thống sưởi ấm trung tâm

Click on v (máy vi tính) cú nhắp
Cook /kʊk/ n Đầu bếp
Cooker /’kʊk.ər / n Bếp
Crash /kræʃ/ adj Hỏng
Cyberspace /’saɪ.bə.speɪs/ n Không gian ảo

Decorator /’dek.ər.eɪ.tər / n Người trang trí

Dishwasher /’dɪʃˌwɒʃ.ər / n Máy rửa bát
Dry cleaner’s n Cửa hang giặt khô
DVD recorder n Đầu DVD

Engaged /ɪn’geɪdʒd/ adj (đường điện thoại) bận

Enquiries /ɪn’kwaɪə .ri/ n Nơi hướng dẫn, tổng đài
báo số điện thoại

Freezer /’friː.zər / n Máy ướp lạnh

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Game console n Máy chơi game cầm tay

Hair dryer n Máy sấy tóc

Hair strengthener n Máy duỗi tóc
Hand-held computer n Máy tính cầm tay
Hands-free phone n Điện thoại rảnh tay
Hold down v Giữ (nút)

Keyboard /’kiː.bɔːd/ n Bàn phím

Laser printer n Máy in lase

Launderette /,lɔːn’dret/ n Hiệu giặt tự động
Link /lɪŋk/ n Đường link
Literate /’lɪt.ər.ət/ adj Biết đọc, biết viết

Make a back-up copy of v Bản sao lưu

Memory /’mem.ər.i/ n Bộ nhớ
Monitor /’mɒn.ɪ.tər/ n Màn hình

Online /’ɒn.laɪn/ adj Lên mạng

Operate /’ɒp.ər.eɪt/ v Điều khiển, vận hành
Operator /’ɒp.ər.eɪ.tər / n Người trực tổng đài

Plug in v Cắm phích

Plumber /’plʌm.ər/ n Thợ sửa ống nước
Press /pres/ v ấn
Printer /’prɪn.tər/ n Máy in
Provider /prə’vaɪ.dər/ n Nhà cung cấp

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Reverse charge call n Cuộc gọi điện thoại (mà

người nghe điện thoại trả tiền)
Rewind /,riː’waɪnd/ v Tua lại

Scanner /’skæn.ər/ n Máy quét

Speaker /’spiː.kər/ n Loa
Stationer’s /’steɪ.ʃən.əz/ n Văn phòng phẩm
Switch on/off v Bật, tắt

Techie /’tek.i/ n Chuyên viên, chuyên gia

(máy tính, công nghệ)
Technophobe /’tek.nəʊ-fəʊb/ n Người sợ công nghệ,
không thích máy tính
Typewriter /’taɪp,raɪ.tər/ n Máy đánh chữ

User-friendly adj Dễ dàng với người sử dụng

Vacuum cleaner n Máy hút bụi

Virus /’vaɪə .rəs/ n Vi rút

Washing machine n Máy giặt quần áo

Website /’web.saɪt/ n Trang web

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