Trouser
Fitting
Issues
And
how
to
fix
them
Contents:
Foreword
3
TOO
CROOKED
UNDERSIDES
-‐
INSUFFICIENT
IRON
WORK
4
The
Origin
of
the
Error
4
The
change:
5
Here
is
the
original
page:
9
THE
“HORSESHOE
FOLDS”
TO
THE
TROUSERS
10
The
Alterations:
12
Below
is
the
original
page:
14
DIAGONAL
FOLDS
TO
THE
UNDERSIDES
-‐
EXCESSIVE
LEG
SHAPE
15
The
Origin
of
the
Error
15
The
Alterations:
16
INWARDLY
TURNED
FEET
19
Below
is
the
original
page:
22
SEAT
SEAM
IS
PULLING
INTO
THE
GAP:
23
The
Origin
of
the
Error:
23
For
waistband
trousers
it
has
to
be
regarded
whether:
24
The
Alterations:
25
2
Foreword
I
was
very
interested
in
the
images
that
Schneidergott
posted
in
the
Bespeakers
Forum
recently:
"Trousers
creasing
below
the
seat."
I
have
taken
the
time
to
translate
the
first
page
and
post
it
here
in
the
Beginners
Forum.
Peterle
has
very
kindly
read
over
my
effort
and
he
has
made
a
most
excellent
contribution
to
what
you
will
see.
Without
his
help
I
fear
it
might
not
have
been
much
good.
It
may,
for
some,
read
a
little
bit
awkwardly
at
first
but
I
prefer
to
always
keep
a
translation
as
close
to
the
sense
of
the
original
language.
I
think
it
is
a
great
contribution
to
understanding
fitting
and
my
intention
is
to
do
the
same
with
the
rest
of
the
pages.
Schneiderfrei
3
Too
crooked
undersides
-‐
insufficient
iron
work
The
Origin
of
the
Error
This
Error
Photo
shows
waistband
trousers
with
heavy
diagonal
folds
at
the
undersides
below
the
butt
area,
the
hems
ugly
swinging
away
from
the
shoes
backwards.
This
error
isn’t
seen
seldomly,
but
would
be
avoidable
with
some
care.
It
is
not
possible
-‐
even
in
trousers
with
wide
bottom
width
-‐
to
sew
the
parts
together
without
any
ironwork
(formbügeln);
such
carelessness
will
always
takes
its
toll
at
the
fit.
In
particular,
as
in
this
case,
of
a
figure
with
protruding
calfs
The
following
differentiation
arises
in
waistband
trousers.
a)
the
customer
prefers
a
rather
or
completely
wrinkle
free
fit
("Fall"
means
something
like
Image
1:
These
trousers
show
drape)
while
standing.
This
can
be
achieved
excessively
large
diagonal
folds
along
the
side
seam
and
to
the
undersides
without
any
special
effort
by
the
straighter
seat
in
the
gluteal
region;
also
the
pants
are
ugly
at
the
bottom
from
the
shoe.
angle.
4
He
must
not
concern
that
trousers
of
this
kind
will
feel
tight
onto
the
thighs
and
knees
while
walking
or
climbing
stairs
and
natural
wrinkles
will
form
at
the
crotch
and
waistband
area
when
sitting.
b)
the
customer
(particularly
corpulent
men)
prefers
comfortable
trousers
that
have
enough
room
for
movement
even
in
the
sitting
position.
Such
pants
should
have
a
more
crooked
seat
angle
and
the
undersides
have
to
be
lengthened
upwards.
This
kind
of
trousers
will
show
more
or
less
intensive
folds
in
the
butt
area,
which
cannot
be
considered
an
error
but
are
natural.
In
most
cases,
therefore,
one
strikes
the
golden
mean.
The
change:
The
trousers
first
have
to
be
taken
apart
at
the
inside
seam,
the
side
seam
and
at
the
seatseam.
The
seatseam
then
has
to
be
extended
at
the
waistseam/center
back
about
2-‐3
cm,
there
should
be
enough
inlay
available.
To
maintain
the
same
waist
width,
this
amount
must
be
gradually
removed
at
the
side-‐seam.
The
waistseam
height
of
the
undersides
is
shortened
about
1
cm
at
the
seatseam.
5
Image
2:
At
the
undersides
the
seat
seam
was
extended
at
the
top
about
2
–
3
cm,
the
same
amount
is
removed
at
the
sideseam;
the
band
height
is
shortened
about
1
cm
at
the
back,
the
crotch-‐point
is
extended
about
1
cm.
Image
3:The
ironwork
to
the
trousers—
especially
for
lesser
leg
width
—
takes
place
in
a
diagonal
direction;
thus
giving
the
cloth
a
lighter
and
more
durable
result.
6
The
crotch
point
is
extended
by
1
cm,
smoothing
in
to
the
inseam
gradually
in
these
trousers.
With
Figure
3
we
show
a
schematic
of
iron
shaping
of
the
trousers.
According
to
experience
with
bias
iron
work
it
is
not
recommended
to
stretch
the
fabric
in
warp
or
weft
direction
because
here
the
material
only
gives
insufficiently:
Top
and
undersides
should
be
formed
severely
in
the
marked
bias
direction
to
achieve
the
necessary
calf
shape
for
the
undersides.
When
there
is
enough
inlay
the
seams
can
be
let
out
to
1-‐1.5
cm
at
calf
height
running
up
and
down
in
a
curved
shape.
When
ironing
the
seams
and
in
finish
ironing
the
trousers
this
fullness
for
the
calf
must
always
lie
towards
the
side
seam
at
the
necessary
height.
Experienced
professional
colleagues
baste
a
small
vertical
fold
here
that
will
be
opened
and
ironed
smooth
after
ironing
out
the
pants,
so
that
this
fullness
for
the
lateral
calf
shape
lies
exactly
in
the
correct
place.
Image
4:
The
iron-‐worked
topsides
and
undersides
were
Figure
4
illustrates
such
an
iron-‐formed
brought
together
and
reattached
at
the
sideseam
and
trousers.
The
amount
of
ironwork
is
determined
crotchseam.
by
the
existing
body
shape
and
material
type.
7
Now
first
the
sideseam
and
then
the
inseam
gets
sewn.
For
control
the
trouser
leg
with
basted
side-‐
and
inseam
should
be
put
on
the
table
to
lie
flat,
in
a
form
that
the
side
seam
forms
the
fold.
Thus
it
can
be
judged
whether
the
seams
are
put
together
in
the
right
way
or
whether
small
diagonal
pulls
are
formed
at
the
inseam,
especially
upwards,
suggesting
an
incorrect
attaching
of
the
seams.
By
these
alterations
of
the
undersides
to
the
seat
seam,
the
crotch
seam
and
to
the
band
height,
the
diagonal
folds
in
the
gluteal
region
were
eliminated.
The
newly
applied
curved
side
seam
creates
plenty
of
room
at
the
calf
bulge.
In
the
direction
indicated
by
the
arrow
in
Figure
4,
the
pants
obtained
the
correct
shape
and
sufficient
length.
8
Here
is
the
original
page:
9
The
“Horseshoe
Folds”
to
the
trousers
These
folds
are
known
by
the
nickname
“Horseshoe
folds”.
They
are
formed
in
the
trousers
immediately
below
the
gluteal
region
and
originate
mostly
through
excessively
crooked
undersides.
These
fitting
errors
occur
especially
when
dealing
with
an
erect
or
stocky
figure;
this
then
pushes
the
abdomen
forward
and
thus
naturally
forms
shortness
in
the
gluteal
region.
These
folds
can
be
got
around
without
special
difficulty,
however
Images
1
and
2:
These
trousers
show
significant
folding
in
the
you
must
not
fall
into
the
opposite
gluteal
region
at
the
side
and
rear
views,
technically
known
as
„Horseshoe
folds“.
error
and
cut
the
trousers
too
short
in
the
back,
especially
for
the
stocky
or
corpulent
figure.
Such
folds
are
also
very
commonly
criticised
as
flaws
—
although
to
an
essentially
lesser
degree,
however
they
could
be
regarded
as
natural
folds.
10
It
must
be
distinguished
whether
the
length
of
the
trousers
in
the
buttocks
region
may
be
considered
an
error
or
be
regarded
as
natural
folds.
If
the
customer’s
opinion
is
that
the
trousers
are
too
long
in
the
gluteal
region,
but
the
expert’s
opinion
is
that
it
really
should
not
be
shorter,
and
that
a
straighter
position
of
the
undersides
will
just
cause
discomfort
for
the
wearer
when
moving,
then
it
is
advisable
to
proceed
as
follows:
The
apparently
(to
the
customer)
excessive
length
in
the
gluteal
region
is
pinned
away
as
a
horizontal
fold
with
a
few
pins.
Now
the
customer
is
asked,
with
these
trousers
now
shorter
in
the
back,
to
mimic
the
action
of
climbing
stairs
(although
without
risk
of
injury
[or
damage])
or
to
sit
down:
he
will
recognise
for
himself,
that
the
trousers
in
this
state
would
be
extremely
11
Images
3
and
4:
The
undersides
must
have
a
straighter
seat
angle,
the
inseam
and
sideseam
are
narrowed
at
the
knee
height
to
achieve
a
better
development
of
the
calf
curve,
the
uncomfortable
and
that
a
bit
of
movement
length
[Bewegungslänge]
must
be
allowed
for.
The
Alterations:
The
topsides
look
good
generally
and
are
hanging
straight
to
the
middle
(centre
seams);
so
changes
are
not
necessary
here.
The
undersides
of
the
trousers
must
be
changed
as
per
the
following:
1
cm
each
is
removed
from
K2
and
K4,
to
achieve
thereby
a
greater
curve
for
the
calf
shape.
The
crotch
point
is
extended
about
1,5
—
2
cm
at
S3;
redraw
the
inseam
line
down.
The
seat-‐seam
is
extended
at
B6
about
2
—
3
cm
and
gradually
smoothed
in
downward;
the
waistband
height
at
B6
is
shortened
about
1
cm,
so
that
the
pushing
length
at
the
waistband
disappears.
To
maintain
the
same
waist
length,
the
same
amount
that
was
added
to
the
seat
seam
must
be
removed
gradually
at
the
side
seam
at
B4.
Before
the
reassembly
of
the
trousers
the
omitted
ironwork
must
be
done;
to
the
topsides,
a
moderate
stretching
of
the
inseam
and
side
seam
from
the
knee
height
down
is
recommended,
to
the
undersides,
above
all
the
necessary
calf
form
must
be
obtained
and
the
seat-‐seam
is
stretched
at
the
a
deepest
hollow
of
its
curve.
12
The
correct
[Schrittdurchmesser/Schpaltdurchmesser]
crotch
diameter/width
influences
the
fit
of
the
trousers;
it
is
controlled
in
the
following
way;
Topsides
and
undersides
are
joined
at
the
inseam
up
to
the
height
of
the
knee
with
seam
allowances.
[the
text
is
imprecise
here
as
to
whether
the
seams
are
lined
up
at
the
allowances
or
the
seam
lines.]
—
At
half
the
rise,
the
distance
from
the
edge
of
the
fly
across
to
the
seat-‐
seam
should
amount
to
at
least
¼
of
the
whole
seat
width.
However,
this
measurement
control
has
only
limited
validity,
naturally
the
correct
assembly
of
the
seam
lines,
the
run
of
the
seat-‐seam
line
and
the
size
of
the
crotch
point
of
the
undersides
have
an
essential
influence
on
the
results
of
the
measurement.
Images
5
and
6:
The
control
of
the
correct
crotch
diameter
in
the
middle
between
waistline
and
forkline
by
joining
the
inseams
together.
13
Below
is
the
original
page:
14
Diagonal
Folds
to
the
Undersides
-‐
Excessive
Leg
Shape
The
Origin
of
the
Error
Significant
cutting
and
processing
errors
exist
in
these
trousers:
a)
The
undersides
were
cut
too
crooked
at
the
seat
seam
and
the
side
seam;
arguably
it
has
enough
comfort
for
the
wearer
when
sitting,
walking
or
stair
climbing;
in
a
resting
position
it
will
always
show
folds
running
from
above
at
the
gluteal
region
down
to
the
hollow
of
the
knee,
it
looks
ugly
for
waistband
trousers.
b)
Even
with
the
large
leg
width,
the
shape
of
the
calf
still
presses
through
strongly;
with
such
a
leg
form
the
entire
undersides
must
be
iron-‐worked
sufficiently,
especially
above
the
calf.
Image
1:
In
these
trousers
the
seat
angle
of
the
undersides
are
made
too
crooked
and
the
leg
width
is
measured
too
wide
below.
c)
Also
in
case
there
is
any
doubt,
the
leg
or
bottom
width
of
these
trousers
can
in
15
no
sense
be
said
to
be
lovely
or
correct
in
terms
of
today’s
fashion.
The
fashionable
trend
of
46—48
cm
gives
a
much
better
image
for
the
trousers.
The
Alterations:
It
is
recommended
to
disassemble
these
trousers
completely,
to
cut
them
to
the
correct
leg
width
and
to
straighten
the
undersides.
Image
2
shows,
how
the
bottom
width
is
correctly
distributed
between
the
topsides
and
undersides.
In
normal
bottoms
of
48
cm,
the
width
of
the
topsides
is;
half
of
this
amount
(=
24
cm)
minus
2
cm
=
22
cm
which
is
distributed
evenly
to
both
sides.
At
this
calculation
for
the
undersides
simply
3,5
cm
are
added
to
each
side
to
achieve
the
correct
hem
width
including
3/4
cm
seam
allowance
for
each
seam.
With
images
3
and
4
we
show,
Image
2: The
correct
distribution
of
the
bottom
width: For
the
topsides
the
topside
breadth
is
½
bottom
width
minus
2
cm. For
how
these
trousers
as
a
whole
the
undersides
an
additional
3.5
cm
per
side
is
calculated.
are
to
be
re-‐cut.
16
The
Hip-‐
or
seat
width
can
be
called
correct,
so
no
changes
are
necessary
there.
The
bottom
width
of
the
topsides
are
set
as
½
bottom
measurement
-‐
2
cm.
The
side-‐seam
is
drawn
smoothly
to
this
width,
from
hip
height
to
a,
paying
attention
to
a
moderate
cavity
below
the
knee
line.
The
innerseam
is
drawn
gradually
in
the
same
way
as
the
side
seam
from
the
crotch
point
(or
Fork
Tip)
to
b.
For
the
undersides
the
bottom
width
is
the
measured
topsides
plus
3.5
cm
on
each
side
or
half
the
entire
bottom
measurement
+
5
cm.
The
side
seam
is
also
redrawn
gradually
upwards
to
the
hip
line
(waist)
as
the
inner-‐seam
is
redrawn
upwards
to
the
crotch
point.
Pay
special
attention
to
the
necessary
calf
shape
for
pronounced
calves
and
Images
3
and
4:
The
topsides
and
the
undersides
must
be
recut
in
this
manner
for
the
normal
bottom
width
of
46—48
cm,
at
the
same
time
the
undersides
must
be
straightened
toward
the
top.
17
a
moderate
knee
hollow.
The
undersides
must
be
made
straighter
towards
the
top;
the
seat-‐seam
is
widened
2
to
3
cm,
in
this
case,
there
should
always
be
enough
inlay
for
this.
The
same
amount
must
be
removed
at
the
side
seam
from
B6
to
B5,
to
obtain
the
same
and
correct
waist
seam
width
as
before.
As
can
be
seen,
this
results
in
a
much
straighter
position
of
the
undersides,
thus
avoiding
excessive
length
in
the
gluteal
region,
but
keeping
the
trousers
sufficiently
comfortable.
These
trousers
have
to
be
recut
almost
completely;
this
time
consuming
alteration
can
hardly
have
beeen
avoided
to
make
these
trousers
fit
and
achieve
a
nice
overall
form.
18
Inwardly
Turned
Feet
When
the
feet
are
twisted
toward
the
inside,
the
alterations
of
the
paper
pattern
are
made
in
the
opposite
direction.
Usually
the
centre
crease
was
just
re-‐ironed
to
make
the
fault
appear
corrected.
For
changing
the
paper
pattern,
the
centre
crease
line
is
re-‐
positioned
inwards
from
M
to
M1
by
the
necessary
amount,
which
is
approximately
2
–
3
cm.
An
equal
amount
is
removed
from
the
side-‐seam,
running
gradually
to
the
hip
and
is
added
at
the
inseam,
as
shown
in
Image
518.
Abb.
519:
The
undersides
are
changed
as
follows:
Image
517:
Trousers
for
in-‐turned
feet,
the
white
line
shows
where
the
fold
should
fall.
The
crease-‐line
at
the
hem
is
shifted
outward,
which
means
toward
the
side
seam
by
the
same
amount
as
the
topsides.
The
inseam
beginning
at
the
fork
tip
is
narrowed
gradually
by
the
same
amount,
the
missing
is
replaced
at
the
sideseam.
The
changes
for
such
a
foot
posture
can
be
made
without
much
additional
time,
the
trousers
fall
exactly
to
the
centre
of
the
foot
from
the
19
beginning
and
the
customer
gains
full
confidence
in
the
master
as
the
result
of
the
immediate
good
fit.
Image
518.
The
changes
to
the
topsides:
The
crease=line
shifts
inwards,
the
side
seam
is
accordingly
reduced
and
the
inseam
is
extended.
Image
519:
The
changes
to
the
undersides
are
in
the
opposite
direction:
Here
the
crease-‐line
shifts
about
2—3
cm
toward
the
sideseam,
the
sideseam
is
extended
by
the
same
amount
gradually
to
the
hip,
the
same
amount
is
removed
from
the
inseam.
20
21
Below
is
the
original
page:
22
Seat
seam
is
pulling
into
the
gap:
The
Origin
of
the
Error:
The
error
shown
is
all
too
commonly
seen.
The
undersides
have
too
much
length
in
the
gluteal
area,
piling
up
below
the
waist
seam
and
unpleasantly
pull
the
seat
seam
forward
into
the
gap
area.
A
perfunctory
view
will
cause
some
colleagues
to
assume,
the
undersides
just
have
a
bit
too
much
length
for
comfort,
which
gets
more
obvious
because
of
the
erect
posture
and
can
be
removed
by
widening
the
crotch
point.
This
view
is
quite
right.
The
customer’s
posture,
which
is
slightly
erect,
and
the
underdeveloped
buttocks
were
not
regarded
sufficiently
when
cutting.
Image1:
because
of
an
erect
posture
that
wasn’t
considered
in
cutting,
the
Otherwise
cutting
and
assembling
undersides
are
showing
a
surplus
length
and
the
seat
seam
is
pulling
in
the
gap
would
have
been
executed
completely
as
a
consequence
of
a
too
short
rise
of
the
topsides.
differently.
23
But
it’s
easy
to
recognise
this
fault
on
a
finished
pair
of
trousers.
It’s
much
more
difficult
to
recognize
the
customers
posture,
waist-‐,
hip-‐,
and
leg
form
before
cutting
and
assembling,
and
taking
it
into
account.
Additionally,
some
basic
considerations
concerning
the
trousers
have
to
be
discussed
and
decided
with
the
customer:
For
waistband
trousers
it
has
to
be
regarded
whether:
a)
it
will
be
worn
exclusively
with
a
belt,
b)
suspenders
should
be
used
additionally
and
the
belt
is
just
for
embellishment,
c)
the
customer
prefers
only
good
looking
but
less
comfortable
“just
for
standing”
trousers,
d)
or
if
he
prefers
a
trouser
that
is
comfortable
while
sitting,
but
will
show
some
length
when
walking
or
standing.
The
customer
has
an
erect
posture
and
a
slightly
forward
hip.
Using
a
normal
pattern
template
the
pattern
should
have
been
altered
according
to
the
sketch.
In
this
case
probably
a
pattern
template
with
a
crooked
seat
angle
was
used
causing
the
additional
length
in
the
gluteal
region.
In
the
waist
area
the
trousers
are
“blocked”*.
That
is
to
say,
the
seat
seam,
the
darts
and
the
side
seams
were
not
drawn
hollow
enough
for
the
customer’s
waist
form,
which
causes
the
additional
length
to
pile
up
below
the
waist
seam.
24
Looking
at
the
front
view
we
could
diagnose,
that
the
topside
is
lacking
length
at
its
centre
and
the
trousers
are
pulled
up
towards
the
front.
The
Alterations:
The
normal
topside
pattern
is
slashed
at
half
the
rise
from
the
fly
line,
almost
to
the
side
seam
and
hinged
open
for
1—
1.5
cm
at
L1-‐L2.
This
raises
the
waistline
at
B1
for
the
same
amount
and
makes
the
fly
line
go
inward
moderately
at
B1
at
the
same
time.
Thus
the
trousers
get
the
necessary
length
for
(across)
the
trunk
area.
(for
the
rise?).
The
undersides
must
be
shorter
at
the
seat
seam.
That’s
why
the
pattern
gets
folded
horizontally
at
halve
the
rise
for
2—
3
cm
at
G1-‐G2,
or
gets
slashed
and
put
on
top
of
each
other
for
the
same
amount.
The
technical
alterations
can
be
seen
in
the
alteration
sketch:
a)
the
underside
is
pivoted
as
a
whole,
b)
the
seat
seam
is
straighter
towards
the
top
and
has
to
be
widened
therefore
in
a
finished
pair
of
trousers
(when
altering
a
finished
pair
of
trousers),
c)
at
the
same
time
the
undersides
is
shorter
at
B3,
d)
to
keep
the
correct
waist
width
the
side
seam
must
be
decreased
gradually
for
the
same
amount
at
B6
and
e)
the
seat
seam
is
to
be
drawn
a
bit
concave
towards
the
top
according
to
the
body
form,
25
f)
the
crotch
point
must
be
widened
for
2
cm
at
S3
to
achieve
the
correct
diameter.
Image
2;
The
topsides
need
more
length;
the
normal
pattern
is
therefore
“blocked”
at
the
half
rise.*
Image
3:
To
the
normal
pattern
of
the
undersides,
the
seat
seam
is
reduced
by
2—3
cm
at
half
the
seat
height,
so
the
undersides
are
straighter.
The
topsides
and
undersides
certainly
require
sufficient
ironwork.
26
In
a
finished
pair
of
trousers,
the
aim
is
to
do
the
alterations
as
quickly
and
simply
as
possible
yet
at
the
same
time
achieving
correct
results:
There
must
be
at
least
some
inlay
at
the
seat
seam,
because
it
needs
widening
there
for
2—
3
cm.
The
waistline
is
shortened
at
B3
and
decreased
at
B6.
These
trousers
also
lack
sufficient
iron
work,
which
cannot
be
avoided
in
trousers
with
narrow
legs,
even
when
they
are
cut
correctly.
For
the
prominent
calves,
the
undersides
need
sufficient
ironwork
at
the
inseam
and
the
side
seam;
the
seat
seam
must
be
stretched
heavily
as
well.
With
thanks
to
Schneidergott
for
this
explanation.
• "Abgesperrt"
means
"blocked"
in
older
texts.
In
this
particular
case
the
waistband
doesn't
allow
the
cloth/back
trouser
to
go
up,
so
everything
is
pushed
downwards.
• "Gesperrt"
or
"sperren"
of
a
pattern
means
"to
open
(-‐ed
up)".
• "Kneifen"
for
that
matter
means
the
opposite,
you
close/
overlap
a
part
of
a
pattern.
27
28