Contoh-Contoh Dasar dan Implementasi
Penggunaan Program MatLab
% 1. Latihan membuat grafik
clear all;
format short;
x=[0 1 2 3 4 5];
y=[0 20 60 68 77 110];
plot(x,y,'b');
title('Latihan Membuat Grafik');
xlabel('bilangan cacah');
ylabel('bilangan puluhan');
grid;
% 2. Program grafik putaran motor induksi
format short;
clear all;
x=[0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40,...
45, 50, 55, 60];
y=[0, 0.46, 0.91, 1.39, 1.88, 2.36, 2.89, 3.38,...
3.87, 4.36, 4.86, 5.35,5.86];
axis([0,60,0,6]);
plot(x,y,'r-');
title('Grafik Frekuensi vs Tegangan tacho');
xlabel('Frekuensi (Hz)');
ylabel('Tegangan tacho (volt)');
x:frekuensi
y:tegangan
grid;
% 3. Gelombang beda fasa
format short;
clear all;
wt=0:0.05:3*pi;
v1=10*sin(wt);
v2=10*sin(wt-120);
v3=10*sin(wt+240);
plot(wt,v1,'r',wt,v2,'y',wt,v3,'b');
title('Grafik Beda Fasa');
xlabel('Sudut (derajat)');
ylabel('Tegangan (volt)');
grid;
% 4. Grafik gelombang tiga fasa
format short;
clear all;
wt=(0:0.05:3*pi);
v1=10*sin(wt);
v2=10*sin(wt-180);
v3=10*sin(wt-90);
plot(wt,v1,'r',wt,v2,'g',wt,v3,'b');
title('Grafik Output Gelombang Tiga Fasa');
xlabel('wt (drajat)');
ylabel('Tegangan (volt)');
text(1.2,8.5,'V1');
text(6.4,8.5,'V2');
text(4.3,8.5,'V3');
grid;
1
% 5. Gelombang Sistem Tiga Fasa
format short;
clear all;
V=12;
Vmag=abs(V);
theta=linspace(0,6*pi);
Va=12*sin(theta+120);
Vb=12*sin(theta+240);
Vc=12*sin(theta+0);
% Buat grafik gelombang
sdt=theta*180/pi;
plot(sdt,Va,'r',sdt,Vb,'g',sdt,Vc,'b');
title('Tegangan Line');
xlabel('Sudut (derajat)');
ylabel('Tegangan (kV)');
text(30,12.5,'Va');
text(395,12.5,'Vb');
text(810,12.5,'Vc');
grid;
% 6. Grafik gelombang beda fasa
format short;
clear all;
wt=(0:0.05:2*pi);
v1=1*sin(wt);
v2=1*-cos(wt);
plot(wt,v1,'r',wt,v2,'b');
title('Grafik penggeser fasa');
xlabel('wt (radian)');
ylabel('Tegangan (volt)');
grid;
% 7. matriks e dan y
clear all;
format short;
A=[8 10.3426 27.5197
10.3426 27.5197 96.1149
27.5197 96.1149140 375.5433];
b=[9.4; 12.4276; 31.2741];
x=inv(A)*b
% 8. Latihan Membuat Program Bilangan Kompleks
format short;
clear all;
% 9. Dari Polar ke Rectagular
z=5*(cos(53.13*pi/180)+sin(53.13*pi/180*j))
% 10. Cara Pembagian Bilangan Kompleks
i=(1+0j)/(0.5j+0.2j)
% 11. Dari Rectagular ke Polar
zmag=abs(3+4j),angle(3+4j)*180/pi
% 12. Perkalian Bilangan Polar
z1=abs(5);
z2=abs(2);
z=z1*z2
z=z1*z2,(angle(4+3j)*180/pi+angle(8+6j)*180/pi)
2
% 13. Latihan membuat grafik
clear all;
format short;
x=[0 1 2 3 4 5];
y=[0 20 60 68 77 110];
plot(x,y,'b');
title('Latihan Membuat Grafik');
xlabel('bilangan cacah');
ylabel('bilangan puluhan');
grid;
% 14. Pengisian Kapasitor
format short;
clear all;
disp(' ')
disp('_____________________________________________')
disp(' ')
disp(' MENGHITUNG ARUS PERALIHAN ')
disp(' DENGAN CARA PENYELESAIAN ')
disp(' DARI PERSAMAAN DIFFERENSIAL ')
disp(' ORDE PERTAMA ')
disp('_____________________________________________')
disp(' ')
epsilon=0.0001;
x=1;
i=input ('Arus awal = ');
t=input ('Waktu mulai = ');
h=input('Harga h = ');
disp('_____________________________________________')
disp(' ')
disp(['Iter t i abs(i1 -i) '])
disp('_____________________________________________')
disp(' ')
format short g
iter=0;
while x >= epsilon
iter=iter + 1;
i1=2*(1-exp(-5*t));
x=abs(i1-i);
i=i1;
t=t+h;
fprintf('%i',iter),disp([t, i, x])
end
disp('_____________________________________________')
3
% 15. Perbandingan
format short
clear all
num=[4.5];
den1=[0.35 1];
t=0:0.05:2.5;
%y1=Respon plant;y2=Respon Model
[yp,x1,t]=step(num,den1,t);
den2=[0.1 1];
[ym,x2,t]=step(num,den2,t);
n=50;
ys=4.5;
e(1)=ys;de(1)=0;u(1)=1;
for i=2:51
e(i)=ys-ym(i); %ym atau yp
de(i)=e(i)-e(i-1);
u(i)=ym(i)/yp(i)*4.5;
end;
[(1:51)' t' e' de' u']
plot(t,yp,'r.-',t,yp,'b-',t,ym,'.',t,ym,'r-')
%text(0.25,2.4,'Respon Model'),text(0.8,2.1,'Respon Plant')
xlabel('Time (second)')
ylabel('Sinyal Kontrol (output)')
title('Perbandingan Respon Model dengan Respon Plant')
%yp:plant
%ym:model
grid;
% 16. Tegangan Kerja Dioda
format short;
clear all;
disp(' ')
disp('_____________________________________________')
disp(' ')
disp(' MENGHITUNG TEGANGAN KERJA DIODA ')
disp(' DENGAN METODE LANGSUNG ')
disp('_____________________________________________')
disp(' ')
epsilon=0.0001;
x=1;
Is=input ('Is= ');
R=input ('R= ');
Vb=input('Vb= ');
v=input ('Tegangan Awal Tegangan v= ');
disp('_____________________________________________')
disp(' ')
disp('Iterasi Tegangan f(v) abs(v1 - v) ')
disp(' ke : Kerja Dioda ')
disp(' (volt) ')
disp('_____________________________________________')
disp(' ')
format short g
iter=0;
while x >= epsilon
iter=iter + 1;
fv=R*Is*(exp(40*v)-1)+v-Vb;
v1=(log(((Vb-v)/(R*Is))+1))/40;
x=abs(v1-v);
v=v1;
fprintf('%i',iter),disp([v1, fv, x])
4
end
disp('_____________________________________________')
% 17. Penyelesaian dengan Matlab;
format short;
clear all;
Xs=1.15; %reaktansi sinkron
Xe=0.15; %rektansi ekivalen
Pm=1.2; %daya output
V=1.0; %tegangan bus
%Reaktansi total
Xt=Xs+Xe;
%A. Hitung tegangan eksitasi
%Dari persamaan Pm=E*V/Xt
E=Pm*Xt/V
%B. Jika daya output berkurang 0.7 pu
P=0.7;
%Hiutung arus dan pergeseran sudut yang baru
%Dari persamaan P=Pm*sin(theta)
theta=asin(P/Pm);
theta_deg=theta*180/pi
E_kompleks=E*(cos(theta)+i*sin(theta));
I=(E_kompleks-V)/Xt*i;
mutlak_arus_I=abs(I),['A']
eta=atan(imag(I)/real(I));
argumen_I=eta*180/pi
Pergeseran_sudut_I=eta*180/pi
% 18. Contoh soal
%Dua buah resistor R1 = 10 ohm, R2 = 20 ohm terhubung seri pada sumber 24
%volt. Hitunglah :
%a. Tahanan total (Rt)
%b. Arus rangkaian (I)
%a. Daya yang diserap (P)
%Penyelesaian
format short;
clear all;
R1=10;
R2=20;
Vs=24;
Rt=R1+R2
I=Vs/Rt
P=Vs*I
P=I^2*Rt
% 19. Contoh Subplot
format short;
clear all;
x=linspace (0,2*pi,30);
y=sin(x);
z=cos(x);
a=2*sin(x).*cos(x);
b=sin(x)./(cos(x)+eps);
subplot(2,2,1) %Meletekkan subplot kiri atas dari array subplot 2x2
plot(x,y), axis([0 2*pi -1 1]), title('sin(x)')
grid;
subplot(2,2,2) %Meletekkan subplot kanan atas dari 4 subplot
plot(x,z), axis([0 2*pi -1 1]), title('cos(x)')
grid;
5
subplot(2,2,3) %Meletekkan subplot kiri bawah dari 4 subplot
plot(x,a), axis([0 2*pi -1 1]), title('2sin(x)cos(x)')
grid;
subplot(2,2,4) %Meletekkan subplot kanan bawah dari 4 subplot
plot(x,b), axis([0 2*pi -1 1]), title('sin(x)/cos(x)')
grid;
Saluran Transmisi
% 20. Contoh Saluran Pendek
format short;
clear all;
% ==============================================================
%
% TRANSMISI LISTRIK SALURAN PENDEK
%
% ==============================================================
Vrll= 23000;
f= 60;
Z= 2.48+6.57i;
magZ= abs(Z);
sudutZ= angle(Z)*180/pi;
Load= 9000000;
kospi= 0.85;
acospi= acos(kospi)*180/pi;
sinpi= sin(acospi*pi/180)
%Penyelesaian
%Tegangan line to netral
disp('Tegangan Line To Netral :')
Vrln= Vrll/sqrt(3);
magVrln= abs(Vrln);
sudutVrln= angle(Vrln)*180/pi;
disp(['Vrln = ',num2str(Vrln),' volt']);
fprintf('Tegangan Ln = %g<%g \n', magVrln,sudutVrln);
%Arus line
disp('Arus Line :')
Iln=(Load/(sqrt(3)*Vrll*kospi))*(kospi-sinpi*i);
magIln= abs(Iln);
sudutIln=angle(Iln)*180/pi;
disp(['Iln = ',num2str(Iln),' A']);
fprintf('Arus Ln = %g<%g \n', magIln,sudutIln);
%Drop tegangan
disp('Drop Tegangan :')
Vdrop= Iln*Z;
magVdrop= abs(Vdrop);
sudutVdrop= angle(Vdrop)*180/pi;
disp(['Vdrop = ',num2str(Vdrop),' volt']);
fprintf('Drop Tegangan = %g<%g \n', magVdrop,sudutVdrop);
%Tegangan sisi kirim
%Tegangan line to netral
disp('Tegangan Sisi Kirim :')
disp('Tegangan Line To Netral :')
Vsln= Vrln+Vdrop;
%Bentuk rectangular
magVsln= abs(Vsln);
sudutVsln= angle(Vsln)*180/pi;
disp('Tegangan sisi kirim')
disp(['Vsln = ',num2str(Vsln),' volt']);
6
fprintf('Tegangan Ln = %g<%g \n', magVsln,sudutVsln);
%Tegangan line to line
disp('Tegangan Line to Line:')
Vsll= sqrt(3)*Vsln;
%bentuk rectangular
magVsll= abs(Vsll);
sudutVsll=angle(Vsll)*180/pi;
disp(['Vsll = ',num2str(Vsll),' volt']);
fprintf('Tegangan ll = %g<%g\n', magVsll,sudutVsll);
%Sudut fasa
disp('Sudut Fasa:')
teta=sudutVsll;
disp(['teta = ',num2str(teta), '']);
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