Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
KURSUS LATIHAN KEKOMPETENAN
PERLINDUNGAN PENGHANTARAN
(SETAKAT 132kV)
Unit Perlindungan
Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran
Institut Latihan Sultan Ahmad Shah (ILSAS)
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Current Differential
Protection
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
‘Digital Current Differential’ Dlm
Kegunaan TNB
• ABB-REL 551 & REL 561
• ALSTOM-LFCB 102, P521
• SIEMENS-Prinsip ‘Current Comparison’
7SD 511,7SD 512
• TOSHIBA
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Current Differential
• Teknologi
Digital, ‘Fiber Optic’ digunakan sbg
medium perhubungan
• Fungsi tambahan spt OC,Thermal overload, AR,
Trip cct supervision, CB Fail, Disturbance
Recorder
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Current Differential
• Pembetulan Nisbah CT, BI & BO yg boleh diubah
fungsi ikut keperluan.
• Relay Address yg unik; bila comm fail, CD tidak
beroperasi.
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Komunikasi Di Antara CD
• Dua cara CD berkomunikasi, Direct Fiber
dan melalui G.703
• Direct Fiber utk jarak yg tidak lebih dari
15kM, tidak luas digunakan
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Komunikasi Di Antara CD
• Utk jarak jauh pengubah Optic ke Elektrik,
G.703 melalui Multiplex digunakan.
• Kebanyakan cara CD berkomunikasi dgn
G.703 comm
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Relay Communication Fail
•Fiber-optic cable broken/damaged
•Fiber-optic cable bad termination
•Relay Address for Local & Remote not the
same
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Relay Communication Fail
•When Comm. Fail, CD relay block and no
false tripping will be issued
•Build in Emergency OC activated when
comm.Fail.
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Dual Slop Diagram
Idiff
%bias-K2
Trip zone Trip2
/Idiff/=/Ia+Ib+Ic/
Trip1=>
/Idiff/>k1*/Ibias/+Is1
Trip1 Trip2=>
%bias-K1 /Idiff/>k2*/Ibias/+
Is1 [k2-k1]Is2+Is1.
Is2 Ibias
/Ibias/=0.5[/Ia/+/Ib/+/Ic/]
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Current Differential
• LFCB- using novel software ‘poll &
answer’ technique.
• Dual slop, %bias/restrain characteristic
– for low level fault (flt. level raise)
– to overcome ct saturation .
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
LFCB
• Jika kerosakan di luar-zon, CT boleh
‘saturate’ dan menghasilkan I diff.
• LFCB guna teknik Bias utk mengelakkan
pelantikan yang tidak dikehendaki.
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
LFCB
• Slop K1 bagi kestabilan dlm keadaan beban
biasa/normal.
• Dlm keadaan kerosakan luar-zon, Slop K2
akan berfungsi.
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
SIEMENS NUMERICAL
CURRENT COMPARISON
PROTECTION
7SD511 RELAY
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Current Comparison
• 7SD51* - Siemens
• Current input are digitized & filtered
• Instantaneous Current are compared
with the STORED inst.value measured
2 period earlier.
• The polarity of current changes are
transmitted & monitored both end.
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
7SD511 RELAY (FEATURES 1)
•Fast and phase selective CCP for cable and lines.
•Emergency O/C in case loss of comm.
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
7SD511 RELAY (FEATURES 1)
•Digital transmission of data via fiber optics.
•Current Transformer Ratio Correction
•CB intertrip signal to remote
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
7SD511 RELAY (FEATURES 2)
•Auto reclose function
•Marshallable LEDs, Alarm & Trip relay
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
7SD511 RELAY (FEATURES 2)
•Local & Remote current measurement
•Up to eight fault records
•Self monitoring hardware & softwar
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
7SD511 LEDs FUNCTIONS
• Total six LEDs
• LED 1 to 5 for Tripping
• LED 6 is for comm. Monitoring
• Two more LEDs: Relay Healthy & Block
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
ROUTINE MAINTENANCE FOR
7DS511 RELAY
•Every 2/4 years for 7DS511, O/C & CB
•Local & Remote end 7SD511 relay need to be tested
together
•Stead-state & Dynamic trip/injection test
Intertrip send & receive test (end-to-end)
•Local & Remote CB trip test
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Current Differential
• GRL 100 - Toshiba
• LFCB 102 / 103 - Areva
• REL 561/551 - ABB
Current Comparison
• 7SD512/513 - Siemens
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
Institut Latihan TNB - ILSAS
• THANK YOU
Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007
