COCOLOGIX

bank stabilization systems

DESIGN GUIDE
COCOLOGIX
CONTENTS WHAT IS COIR?
Coir is a natural fiber from the husk of a coconut (the
What is Coir? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 material between the hard, internal shell and the outer
coat of a coconut). It is traditionally used to make floor
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 mats, doormats, brushes, mattresses, upholstery
padding, sacking, rope, nets, erosion control products,
How are Coir Logs Used? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 and much more. Each fiber cell is approximately 0.04
inch and 10 to 20 μm (0.0004 to 0.0008 in) in diameter.
Shapes and Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Individual fiber cells are joined to form fibers 4 to 12
inches in length. Coir fibers are hollow and have narrow
Netting Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 cellulose walls. This void space within the cellulose
walls is an essential physical property as shown later
Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 in this document. There are two different types of coir:
white and brown. White coir fibers are harvested from
Side Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 the coconuts before ripened while brown fibers are
harvested from fully ripened coconuts. White fibers tend
Comparison to RipRap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to be smoother and finer making them perfect for the
yarn used in mats or rope. The brown fibers are thick,
Interval Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
strong, and have a high abrasion resistance. These fibers
are typically used in mats, brushes and sacking. Coir
Velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
fiber, either white or brown, is relatively water-proof and
is one of the few natural fibers resistant to salt water Brown Coir Lightly Misted for Log Production
Inundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
damage.
Coir Logs contain the brown coir compacted in to
Permeability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 a tubular or rectangular net as shown above

Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 HISTORY
Life Expectancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 In the early 1990’s, coir fiber logs were introduced to The invention of coir fiber logs has eliminated many
the United States by Mr. Lothar Bestmann of Bestmann challenges associated with live fascine practice such
Plantings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Green Systems, Germany. Mr. Bestmann developed as proper plant identification, highly trained labor
and perfected many techniques to stabilize high energy performing field fabrication, dormant season installation
Wave Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 reservoir shorelines, shipping lanes, and waterways and harvesting. Coir fiber logs, as invented by Mr.
& rivers utilizing vegetation as the primary stabilizing Bestmann, changed the seasonality of live fascine
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 mechanism. Inspired by “wattles” or “live fascines”, practice by extending its use to all seasons. Additionally,
Mr. Bestmann developed coir fiber logs. Wattle or live the species of plants utilized for live fascine practice
Anchoring Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 fascine practice entails the use of live and/or dead plant dramatically increased to include, not only woody
parts (stems, branches, and dormant cuttings) which species, but also herbaceous sedges, grasses, rushes,
End to End Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 are inserted, driven, buried, or otherwise placed on and forbs.
the ground in specified orientations to control erosion,
End Treatments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 minimize shallow sliding, initiate sedimentation, protect
structures, and provide a favorable environment for
Installation Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 the establishment of a permanent vegetative cover.
The manufactured version of the wattle or live fascine
Common Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
was comprised of long coir fibers, tightly machine
compressed to a density of 9 lbs/ft³, contained in a highly
Project Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
UV stabilized knotless 100% virgin polypropylene net.
The manufactured version of the wattle or live fascine
expanded the utility of this soil biotechnical practice
more quickly and uniformly.

CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 2

HOW ARE COIR LOGS USED?
There are two types of coir logs in the civil engineering Plain coir logs can also be used in areas as temporary Vegetated coir logs provide the following:
industry: plain or vegetated. erosion control where native plants are not desired (golf  lowing waters or waves will not dislodge the seeds or
• F
course ponds or similar). In these project sites, erosion plant community as they are protected by the coir fibers
Plain coir logs, or logs without vegetation, can be used is the primary focus without establishing an existing
for perimeter sediment control in lieu of silt fences. The root structure to prevent future erosion. Turf grass is  ild prolonged periods of inundation will not suffocate
• M
coir log is placed directly on the sub-grade and is staked usually being used to the edge of the water body in these the plant community
(wood only) every three feet minimizing soil disturbance. types of applications. Turf grass has a very shallow root  ediment deposition upon flooding will not suffocate
• S
system; therefore, cannot withstand the shear stresses plant community as the coir log provides additional
Benefits of coir logs used for sediment and/or wave action of the water body. Hence, some type void space for oxygen
control include: of erosion control device is required. It should be noted • A
 lgae colonization on leaves during mild prolonged
that the life of the coir log is only seven to ten years and
• P
 ermeable product that allow flow to go through it periods of inundation will not suffocate the plant
while filtrating rather than ponding or eroding around/ will need replacement; otherwise, erosion will eventually
community
below the sedimentation device (for permeability rate take effect. A maintenance schedule should be created to
ensure proper repairs. • V
 egetated coir fiber logs have significant stored food
see the Design Section)
reserves in the roots that are pre- established
• P laced on the existing sub-grade without trenching
• Limited maintenance is required if any
• F
 lexible product that can be easily wrapped around Coir Log Shipment
• I ntroduction of a native plant community that has
inlets
enough strength to successfully compete with invasive
 ow profile product that can be occasionally driven
• L species Vegetated coir logs are ready for shipment upon the
across roots protruding through the bottom of the log as shown
• A
 site specific plant community can be successfully
• Re-usable (4-6 times) introduced on difficult sites by any level of trained labor above. Special note should be taken that these coir logs
should be 9 lbs/ft³ density unless on low energy sites,
• A successful planting will occur any time of the year.
sediment control, or special conditions apply as noted
• P
 lanting in this manner minimizes unsuccessful in the Design Section. In order to provide a cheaper
plantings avoiding costly repairs solution, D2 will see some manufactures offering 7 lbs/ft³
• P rotection from debris on large bodies of water density log, which are more often not appropriate.
• E
 nable vegetative solutions to aid in successful On low energy sites, water velocity less than 3 ft/s,
permitting by governmental agencies “plugging” or on site vegetation is acceptable. Refer to
the list above for any concerns and if multiple concerns
apply to your project site, pre-vegetation may be your
The following conditions can occur with young
Water’s Edge Vegetated with Bent Grass at a best option. The 3 ft/s velocity limit will be clarified in
seedlings (or plant plugs):
Private Residence in Carmel, Indiana (9 years old) the Design Section of this document.
Perimeter Protection Inlet Protection • F
 lowing waters or waves can dislodge seeds, young
seedlings or plugs
The most common form of coir logs are vegetated to
ensure the establishment of nature’s best protection • M
 ild prolonged periods of inundation can suffocate SHAPES AND SIZES
seedlings and plugs
against erosion: root stabilization. The type of vegetation Coir logs can be either round or rectangular. Round coir
grown at a site changes its resistance to erosion • S
 ediment deposition upon flooding will suffocate
logs are traditionally 8, 12, 16, or 20 inches in diameter
drastically. Root systems enhance the soil strength by seedlings and plugs
with densities of 5, 7, or 9 lbs/ft³. Rectangular coir logs
reinforcing the soil similar to rebar in concrete. The • A
 lgae colonization on leaves during mild prolonged are either 12 inches 6 by 10 inches or 16 inches by 10
shear stress of the soil is transferred to the plant roots periods of inundation will suffocate seedlings and plugs inches with 7 or 9 lbs/ft³ density. Information on how
which have a stronger tensile strength. Depending on to select the proper size and density is discussed in the
• P
 redation by wild life quickly exhausts seedlings and
the type of vegetation, resistance can be increased by a Design Section.
plugs stored food reserves
factor of 18.5 (Goldsmith 1998). D2 strongly recommends
pre-vegetating coir fiber logs for this purpose. When • L
 ack of maintenance after installation leads to 50-60% D2 provides 7.5’, 10’ and 20’ standard log lay lengths.
discussing vegetated coir logs, two options exist: pre- mortality rate of young seedlings and plant plugs
Generally, contractors prefer to work with 7.5’ or 10’
vegetated or vegetated and on-site vegetating. Pre- • C
 ompetition from invasive species significantly hinders lengths as the weight of the coir logs greatly increase
vegetating coir fiber logs allow for existing roots to be a successful introduction of a specific native plant with 20’ length. 7.5’ lay length logs can be palletized
fully established prior to installation, making rooting community making them cheaper for larger projects or shipment.
quickly attainable, and ensuring the introduction of a • S
 uccessful installation and establishment from seed or If outside of Indiana, 7.5’ lengths are optimal for cost
native plant community on difficult sites. plugs is seasonally limited effectiveness. Customized lengths can be manufactured,
but proper lead time is required.

3 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 4

NETTING OPTIONS OUR PRODUCT
There are two netting options used in manufacturing Site geometry, water velocity, wave height, water level
coir logs: natural fiber nets and polymeric nets. fluctuations & durations, soil type, and plant community
are all key components to properly specify a coir log.

Side Slope
9 lbs/ft³ coir fiber density natural net coir fiber log but
Site geometry can affect the size of coir log to be used.
in reality it simply is not practical. Often the confusion
As the steepness of the side slope increases, the coir log
lies with coir fiber density per cubic foot versus coir fiber
at the toe will need to increase accordingly. The toe of
log weight per lineal foot. For example, a 12” diameter
slope log size should be as follows:
coir log with a coir fiber density of 9 lbs/ft³ weighs 7
lbs/lft thus making it a conversion misunderstanding. Note the diameter size can change when placed
Even when properly manufactured to a fiber density of next to riprap or other system designs.
Natural Fiber Net Polymeric Net
7 lbs/ft³, natural net coir fiber logs are not as strong and
Comparison to RipRap
durable as their 9 lbs/ft³ poly net counterpart. See Design When evaluating coir logs, it is often being compared
Natural nets are comprised of coir fibers, hand twisted Section – Weight for more information. to the size of the riprap protecting the toe, which the
into yarns, and hand woven into tubular nets. Natural coir log is adjacent to; therefore, to properly select the
coir fiber nets vary widely in consistency, strength, diameter size of the coir log, see the guidelines below:
uniformity, and durability. Furthermore, natural fiber
nets begin to deteriorate as soon as the product is made
and stored. The rate of degradation varies with the raw
fiber’s water content, length of storage time before use,
and storage location. Having imported coir fiber logs
and natural coir fiber nets since 1994, one constant
remains: 20 to 25% of the imported logs or nets are
damaged when unloaded from the shipping container.
When natural net coir fiber logs are stored for any length
of time, whether indoors or outdoors, Asia or North Inconsistent Netting
Attempt to Compact 12” Example 12” Riprap Trench with 12” Coir Log
America, the nets begin degrading in the inventoried
Natural Coir Net to 9 lbs/
pile (especially without the proper ventilation). The nets
ft³ Density
Interval Spacing
at the bottom of the pile are the last ones to be shipped The length of slope and insurance of vegetation growth
yet have been sitting in storage the longest. When determines the coir log spacing along the side slope.
imported tubular coir nets are pressed into coir fiber When Mr. Bestmann, noted in the History Section, Coir logs break up the slope minimizing the chance
logs domestically, stored in a temperature controlled started to evaluate high energy sites wanting to utilize of erosion. As the length of a slope increases, flow
environment, and cross stacked to facilitate air flow, vegetation as a stabilizing mechanism, it is now easy to becomes channelized increasing its shear stress which
the coir fiber exterior nets still degrades more quickly understand why he chose to use a highly UV stabilized, results in erosion. The void space within the coir logs
than its polymeric counterpart. D2 no longer inventories knotless polypropylene net for its strength, durability, itself and the hollow coir fibers act as a pipe retaining
natural net coir fiber logs but rather only manufacture and longevity. Remembering that live fascines work due and moving water perpendicular to the slope. Coir logs
these logs to order. It should be noted that even to their survival during fabrication, storage, handling, should be placed in the following intervals:
manufactured to order natural net coir fiber logs can and installation, proper net selection is critical. It
be damaged during loading, shipping, unloading, and should also be noted that this replica of a live fascine
installation operations. must perform long enough to ensure the establishment
of a local plant community. Unbound coir fiber has a
Natural fiber nets for coir logs also have a limited long life expectancy, but only coir fibers secured into
manufacturing fiber density of 7 lbs/ft³ due to its lower a dense tubular or rectangular shape will perform the Interval Spacing Along
tensile strength (100 lbs. of natural fiber nets verses 250 functions of a live fascine. To this day, more than 45
lbs. of polypropylene nets per ASTM D-4632). When you years after their invention, coir fiber logs utilized in The above chart is based on D2’s experience and ranges
truly pack coir fiber to a density of 9 lbs/ft³ into a natural Europe remain predominantly comprised of long coir published by the EPA. D2 strongly recommends that the
fiber net, the nets will break during the manufacturing fibers, tightly machine compressed to a density of 9 coir logs be placed at the overlap locations of blankets or
process. The import community professes to provide a lbs/ft³, and contained in a highly UV stabilized knotless turf mats. The coir logs will help secure the rolled goods
polypropylene net. during the “grow-in” period as well as aid in getting
vegetation through this denser overlap area.
D2 Land & Water typically recommends the highly UV
stabilized knotless 100% virgin polypropylene net, the
same as Mr. Bestmann.

5 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 6

Velocity Weight
Projects with velocities greater than 3 ft/s require a 9 One of the most commonly misunderstood details of
lbs/ft³ density, anything less will result in a loss of fiber. coir logs is its density verses weight. The weight of each
Most creek project sites will have velocities exceeding coir log depends on three factors: diameter, density,
3 ft/s; therefore, coir logs with a 9 lbs/ft³ density are and moisture content. During the manufacturing, the
generally specified. coir fibers are only lightly misted (under 15% moisture
content) and must the compacted to the proper density.
According to the EPA, coir logs can be used in bodies of Below is a chart correlating coir diameter, density, and
water with a velocity of 8 ft/s or less. This is considered weight. Special attention should be given to whether a
to be the moderate to high level of susceptibility range. specification is referencing the density (lbs/ft3) or the
D2 has seen coir logs with a coir fiber density of 9 lb/ weight of the coir log (lbs/lft). These values are often
ft3 contained within a polymeric net be successfully confused in the marketplace and can cause failures
installed and withstand velocities in excess of 10 ft/s. after installation if not properly specified or delivered
Literature from Bestmann Green Systems suggests coir Example of Coir Log to the site. For example, a 12” diameter coir log with a
fiber logs with a coir fiber density of 9 lb/ft3 contained Stream Bed Detail density of 9 lbs/ft3 has a weight close to 7 lbs/ft. If the
in a polymeric net can withstand velocities up to 12 ft/s weight is misunderstood to be the density, or the 7 lbs/
with the appropriate plantings. ft is understood to be 7 lbs/ft3, a lower grade coir log is
designed/used rather than what is required.
It should be noted that coir logs aid in the protection
of the vegetation during the “grow in” period. The site The weight of coir logs can vary even more once pre-
should be evaluated for when the coir log has degraded vegetated depending on the time of the year and
leaving nothing behind but what is below the coir log exposure to water. Individual coir fibers are narrow and
plus established vegetation. For example, if a turf hollow allowing them to retain four to six times their
reinforced mat is used at the project site, the driving weight in water increasing the logs weight. On average, Note that the weights above can vary based
factor will be if fully grown vegetation can withstand a vegetated coir logs will weigh twice its dry weight, but on the conditions listed above. The above
the shear stress of the water with the aid of the mat. can weigh up to six times its dry weight. weights are the actual weights of logs
Turf reinforced mats come in many different grades Richmond, Indiana produced at the D2 facility in Indianapolis,
and materials, so be sure to check with each specific Storm Event 10 ft/s Indiana.
manufacture for shear stress capacities and permissible Life Expectancy
limits.
The type of net and fiber density is directly related to a
coir log’s life expectancy. Coir logs with polymeric net
and a density of 9 lbs/ft³ can anticipate a life expectancy
Inundation of 7- 10 years or greater in the Midwest. Coir logs
Another item to consider is the inundation time at the Permeability encompassed by polymeric net and a fiber density of 7
site. Inundation is the period of flooding of which an Permeability is a measurement of the ability of a material lbs/ft³ or less have a lower life expectancy of 3-5 years.
overflow of water submerges land that is normally dry. to allow fluids to pass through it. Per ASTM D-2434 Finally, coir logs contained in polymeric fiber density of 5
General rules are as follows when pertaining typical testing, a 9 lb/ft3 density coir log has a permeability rate lbs/ft³ are useful only for temporary applications such as
inundation periods at a project site: greater than 16.3cm/sec.ˉ¹. As the 9 lb/ft3 density coir sediment control or dewatering.
log is the densest coir log produced, anything lighter log
• Slope ≤ 2:1 &/or less than one week of inundation — would have a higher permeability. Natural nets will have a life expectancy of 2-3 years if
Use 12” diameter coir log or equivalent arriving and surviving the installation process intact.
• S
 lope > 2:1 &/or less than one week of inundation — Please see Design-Netting Options for more information
Use 16” diameter coir log or equivalent on natural nets.

Inundations longer than one week need to be evaluated

for species type in addition to coir log size. Please seek
the assistance of a D2 representative.

7 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 8

Plantings
The question often arises of what types of plants should
be used to vegetate coir logs. The following items should
be discussed for each project site to determine the
proper plantings:
CONSTRUCTION
Step by Step Installation Instructions
• Soil type
• Local genotype Coir logs are simple to install. Just follow these steps:
• Sun exposure (full sun vs. partial sun vs. full shade) 1. E xcavate and/or reshape the area where the log will be placed
• Maximum inundation periods & frequency
2. P
 lace coir mat, ECB, TRM and/or other natural seeding with the proper
• Location on the bank (low vs. middle vs. high) staple pattern per specification
• Exposure to flowing water, wave action or still water 3. L ay coir log on prepared bed burying 1/3 the log unless otherwise noted
• Aesthetics 4. Connect all logs end to end
Specifications typically call out twelve to eighteen 5. Apply the proper anchor detail per the plans
plant species with a minimum of five to seven being
6. B
 ury all upstream and downstream end treatments into the bank to
required. This allows the nursery to account for
smoothly transition the existing bank to the coir log system
unforeseen difficulties of plant acquisitions or growth.
Plant specifications should be site specific to ensure a 7. B ackfill areas next to the coir log as shown in the plans
successful, sustainable colonization. As a special note,
native plant communities often take 2-3 years (or more) Additional steps may be required, but the above is a general guideline.
to fully develop. Comprehensive specifications should
address the maintenance required during the 2-3 year
“grow-in” period. D2 is willing to aid any designer with
such specifications working with our expert local native
plant specialists.

When vegetating a coir log, D2’s logs will have the

following plant spacing at a 6”-8” depth:

Wave Action
Sites with exposure to wave energy should only utilize
poly net coir fiber logs with a fiber density of 9 lbs/
ft³. The fill material placed behind the coir fiber log will
migrate through the coir fiber logs with a density of less
than 9 lbs/ft³.

A vegetated buffer can dissipate wave energy thus

reducing erosive potential. A rule of thumb is as follows:
bed slope gradient of 10:1 or less with a 5’ wide buffer
can dissipate a 12” wave, 15’ wide buffer can dissipate a
24” wave and 30’wide buffer can dissipate a 36” wave.
If there is wave action concern with a gradient of >10:1,
additional hard armoring will be required in addition to
a vegetated buffer. These rules were determined by the
original coir log manufacturer Bestmann Green Systems.
To date, D2 had found these guidelines to be precise.
Shore Line Protection at Lake Lemon, Indiana
(One Month Old)

16” Vegetated Coir Log with Rock Roll

Chambered Revetment

9 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 10

Anchoring Details
There are many anchoring methods In fill applications, lacing the poly
that can be used with coir logs net at the bottom of the coir log to a
with varying degrees of associated geogrid with a minimum embedment
costs. One of the most simplistic, length of three feet is the preferred
yet efficient method, is utilizing 36” method. The embedment length
or 48”, 2” x 2”, hardwood stakes should always be separately
with rope lashing. The natural or evaluated if specific soil stabilization
nylon rope shall be a minimum of is required at the site. Always refer
¼” in diameter and notched into the to the project geotechnical engineer.
wooden stakes. The wooden stakes Anchoring with a geogrid is a
are staggered 2’ on center each side simplistic installation and provides
(or 1’ on alternating sides). Stakes additional strength to the slope
Coir Log Tied to Revetment Coir Log Tied to Geogrid
should be driven flush with the top through soil reinforcement. Either
of the coir log or at a minimum depth Structure uniaxial or biaxial geogrid can be
of 1.5 times the height of the coir used; however, specific attention
log and cut off if soils refuse further needs to be given when utilizing
embedment. Actual lacing can be uniaxial geogrid. Uniaxial geogrids
done in either fashion shown below. need to be placed in the proper
This very cost effective method is direction (i.e. ribs being developed
recommended as much as possible. into the slope). Only grids with high
junction strength should be used for
this anchoring method.

Coir Logs with Standard Staking

& Lacing
Duckbill or helical earth anchors
can be utilized, but this approach
Another method appropriate on low is more expensive. To decrease the
energy sites is burying the coir log to costs of such installations, 1”- 1
a depth equal or greater than half the ½” galvanized metal pipe can be
coir log diameter (in lieu of one-third installed to bridge the sections
of the coir log diameter) or wedging between duckbill, or helical,
the coir logs in rock. anchors to reduce the number
of anchors. This method is often
Securing vegetated coir logs to a
installed in larger cut/fill or poor soil
rock revetment structure with rope
applications.
lashing is yet another approach.
Please refer to a D2 Sales
Helical Anchor Tie Back Duckbill Anchor around Coir Log Representative to ensure the proper
Buried Coir Log at 50% Wedged Coir Log between Logs method is installed at your product
site.

Helical Anchor Duckbill Anchor

Coir Log between Glacial Stone

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End to End Connections End Treatments
When installing coir logs in a Attention should be given to the
vegetative system, the logs should upstream and downstream ends of
be laced from one end to another as the coir log system. The end logs
depicted below. need to be smoothly transitioned
and keyed into existing stream bank.
An alternative to lacing the coir logs
end to end is a newer technique
developed by D2. One end of the
coir log has a prefabricated coupler
system attached and netting to
one end of the coir log. Like most
construction products, there is a
male and female end. The female
end has a net extension of sufficient Top View of Laced Coir Side View of Laced Coir
length to extend beyond the male Logs End to End Logs End to End
end. Two 9GA aluminum “hog rings”
are used to close the netting around
the first coir log, which is folded
back. As the second coir log is laid
adjacent to the first coir log and Installation Timing
extra coir fiber is placed between Installations can occur anytime of Examples of challenges during winter construction are as follows:
the logs making them seamless. the year. With the proper attention
Stainless steel ¾” “hog rings” will to detail, logs, mats and seeds • L owest elevation of the system being below the seasonal waterline
be placed no further than 1 ¾” from can all remain in place and work • Fill soils being too wet too pass 95% proctor
the coupler end of the coir log to synergistically to yield the desired
ensure a second secure coupling of • D ifficulty grading or driving anchor devices into frozen soils
results. Past experiences on several
the continuous log unit. sites have resulted in successful • S easonal high water or flooding from snow melt
installations during the winter with • S
 tock pile materials can freeze to the ground if not properly handled for
Visual representation seen in figure germination developing in the
to the right. winter installations
spring.
Last but not least, the coir logs can
be staked at each end. Note that this
does not make a seamless end to
end connection; however, it can be
every effective in areas with fewer
inundation periods.

13 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 14

COMMON QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1: What are some of the advantages of utilizing coir logs? QUESTION 4: When should a vegetated coir log be ordered to ensure its ready in time for the project installation?

ANSWER: ANSWER:
• C
 oir logs allow native vegetation to root, stabilizing • M
 aintain valuable nutrients on site that may otherwise Depending on climatic region and time of year, coir is adequate. Due to the climatic zone, being outside of
nature’s best protection against erosion. discharge into the waterway. logs require a lead time of a minimum of 2 months this time frame requires additional time. Outside the 500
• S
 eeding by itself can be dislodged during water • E
 xpedite vegetative cover due to the proper selection of to be properly pre-vegetated and have roots protrud- mile radius of Indianapolis will also require additional
fluctuations. Vegetated coir logs can minimize these native plants with protective measures. ing through the bottom of the log. If within a 500 mile time. Please consult with your D2 representative to get
occurrences. radius of Indianapolis, IN and placing an order between specifics on ordering vegetated coir logs.
• A
 llows for proper transition from hard armor systems to April 1st and September 1st, the two month lead time
• D
 uring water fluctuations, silt and/or algae film can be soft armor systems.
deposited on the newly planted seedlings depriving QUESTION 5: Have you seen successful installation incorporating various reinforcement products in lifts to
them of the proper oxygen to grow. Coir logs have establish a stabilized vegetative slope?
approximately 85% void space allowing plants to
continue growth until protrusion can occur. ANSWER:
Bioengineering is the term often used to describe the One needs to be sensitive to all items listed above in
QUESTION 2: What is the most common use of coir logs in erosion control applications? use of vegetation in the construction of civil engineering making decisions on temporary products. If in doubt,
projects. As designers, we tend to explore the limits of utilizing a permanent product is encouraged. Permanent
ANSWER: manufactured products and do the same for vegetative products are suggested in areas below OHWM as well as
Biodegradable Erosion Control Blankets (ECBs) and Per- often located at two-thirds bank full. Turbulent forces growth as well. Vegetation is nature’s best protection for areas when full vegetated systems cannot sustain by
manent Turf Reinforcement Mats (TRMs) are designed are increased where rough, smooth surfaces meet and against erosion, but the “danger” time is the period themselves.
to stabilize slopes, shorelines and waterways; however, coir logs bridge the gap between these dissimilar mate- prior germination and plants rooting. Construction is
when blankets or mats are used adjacent to “live” water rials while encouraging vegetative growth. stressful on plants and the need for outside products
(water constantly flowing) the termination detail of to encourage rapid growth should be considered. The
these products can be difficult to secure prior to estab- biggest question is whether temporary products or
lishing vegetation. Coir logs act as a protective piece permanent products are required.
from the moving water with erosive forces to blankets
or mats, which are mechanically anchored. An addi- Temporary products should be used in applications
tional feature of coir logs is their ability to encourage where vegetation only needs moderate assistance to
the deposition of sediment behind the log maintaining successfully establish a plant community. When eval-
valuable nutrients while resulting in a bank backfilling uating a slope, or similar system, placing temporary
zone upon decomposition of the coir log in lieu of a products above water fluctuation zones are general
void space. adequate if the slope is stable. Other considerations
should always be given to the following whether the
Coir logs are also a transitional piece from hard armor vegetation will have enough time to fully develop prior System Solution of TRM, Coir Log & Riprap
products to rolled erosion control products (RECPs). to temporary products degrading:
This transitional location is often located above the Coir Log with PolyNet (9 lb/ft3Density) after 5 • Velocity of the waterway
low flow elevation where vegetation can be reinforced Years As long as each slope is carefully analyzed, vegetative
and sustain inundation up to 14 days. This elevation is • Energy of the waterway slopes can be successfully installed in a wide range of
applications.
• Sun exposure or lack of
QUESTION 3: Because a coir log is being utilized along a shore line to reduce wave action energy, could the turf • Site geometry
reinforced mat be eliminated to save money?
• S
 teepness of slope (General Rule of Thumb: Less
ANSWER: than or equal to 3:1)
Remember that coir logs are biodegradable and are typi- a permanent structure. TRMs (permanent turf reinforce-
cally not used to dissipate wave energy by them self but ment mats) are used to increase the shear stress capac- • Period of inundation
to establish vegetative growth to prevent erosion during ity of the vegetation. Utilizing a vegetated coir log with
the vulnerable “grow in” time period. Coir logs may TRMs increases plant survival on sites where erosive • Number of wet/dry cycles
be used in conjunction with other materials to create a forces during the “grow in” period would have previous-
system capable of stabilizing soils prone to wave ener- ly failed. • Proximately to septic systems
gies but cannot be used to eliminate other stabilizing
• S
 oil physical structure and chemical
products with specific design characteristics. Coir logs
characteristics
are a temporary measure and cannot be considered as

15 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 16

QUESTION 6: What size of coir log should be used for sediment control applications? QUESTION 9: Won’t the polymeric net be a threat to animals once the coir has decomposed and is exposed?

ANSWER: ANSWER:
Coir logs for this application require a density of 5 lbs/ft³ The table listed above for slope interval spacing in the Coir logs encourage the deposition of sediment behind up the net and plants are growing over entire coir log
and typically have diameters of 8 or 12 inches; howev- Design Section can also be used for sediment control the log maintaining valuable nutrients while resulting in space. Once the coir logs have completely deteriorated,
er, diameters could be larger depending on site design. intervals. a bank backfilling zone upon decomposition of the coir the polymeric net will not be on the surface of the slope,
Local regulations should be checked for the placement log. As this process takes place the sediment covers but rather buried.
of coir logs. Typically, the coir logs are placed at the
same location as silt fences or other alternative prod-
ucts. Sediment should be removed when deposits reach
one-half the height of the log.
QUESTION 10 : Can coir log vegetative systems be used in coastal applications?

ANSWER:
Yes. There are two major differences when working ble, salt tolerable and deep rooting. Coir log projects
QUESTION 7: What is slope contouring? on coastal applications. The first is utilizing different have been on the East Coast as well as Southern United
anchoring mechanisms for the sand base and resistance States. Projects have included erosion protection for
ANSWER: against increased wave action. The second difference boardwalks, sidewalks, roadways, and loss of usable
As mentioned in the Design Section -Interval Spacing of is the types of plants used in pre-vegetation. Plants land. Some example cross sections used in the past are
this document, coir logs are sometimes used to break up used in coastal applications need to be water tolera- shown below.
the length of slope to minimize the potential for erosion.
This concept is known as slope contouring. For most ap-
plications of slope contouring (or live staking), a 7 lbs/ft³
density coir log is utilized as flow is minimized at these
locations. Example of Slope Contouring

QUESTION 8: Can coir logs be used in soil lifts?

ANSWER:
Coir logs are often used in soil lifts on various types
of slope/wall construction projects. Each project is site
specific; therefore, each site is designed independently.
A few examples utilized in past projects include:

17 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 18

PROJECT PROFILES
TIBBS AND BANTA LANDFILL
The hybrid design approach included a riprap wing mat. The bottom of slope included a 20” diameter, 9
In the winter of 2002, the City of Indianapolis faced a were all challenges to be considered. Additionally, the
deflector at the upstream end of the project as the lbs/ft3 density, prevegetated coir log, with site specific
critical situation. River bank erosion had exposed landfill system would need to be built year round and withstand
affected river bank was approximately at a 30 degree species. The coir log was placed on top of the P-550 at the
waste and threatened to expose a petroleum pipeline, potential flooding not only during, but immediately upon
skew to the river’s thalweg or primary deep channel. A transition to the vegetative system. Eight inch diameter,
jeopardizing public safety and private property. EPA construction.
riprap “aggregate raft” was constructed along the entire 9 lbs/ft3 density, vegetated coir logs were also placed to
funding for design would not be available for 2-3 years;
A hard armor solution was investigated and D50 = toe of slope composing of Tensar UX Geogrid and 1160N secure the overlap locations of the P-550 mat. The coir
therefore, in order to protect the public and private
30” was an appropriate design. The estimate for Mirafi non-woven geotextile. The aggregate raft design logs were used to ensure the successful introduction of
property, as well as avoid a potential legal action, the
constructing this hard armor riprap solution along was utilized to minimize scour and differential settlement. over twenty indigenous plants species throughout the
city needed a quick, cost effective solution.
the affected area was $3,000,000. A second analysis It was constructed from three feet below the normal pool slope.
Naren Patel, PE, VS Engineering, Inc., was shown the was conducted to determine if soils colonized by to a top elevation of two feet above normal pool. The top
elevation coincides approximately with the two-thirds of The project’s installation began in April 2003 and was
site by the City in a canoe on the White River. When synthetically reinforced indigenous vegetation soft
bank full elevation, which is the typical transition point completed by the end of October 2003. The first flood
asked if he would help the City find a solution, Mr. armor would adequately protect the landfill and
to the vegetated or “soft armor” solutions. A non-woven took place less than thirty days after the first four
Patel enthusiastically replied, “I will as long as you pipeline from exposure. A detailed design analysis was
separation geotextile was laid on top of the aggregate hundred feet of the project was installed (two thousand
never make me ride in a canoe in winter on the White performed and a hybrid system was proposed. The
raft to prevent the backfill from migrating through the linear feet total). The last eight hundred feet was
River again!” Mr. Patel discussed the possibilities of installed estimate for the hybrid system was $2,200,000.
stone’s void space. A 2:1 fill slope was constructed over installed dormant waiting for Spring 2004 to germinate.
utilizing a hybrid soil biotechnical solution with local Considering the project’s challenges and budgetary
the aggregate raft in front of the landfill waste and the The system withstood six flood events during the 2003
industry representative Jim Blazek. Mr. Patel explained analysis, VS Engineering, Inc. proceeded with the hybrid
pipeline. The backfill was reinforced with Tensar BX installation, with inundation periods up to seven days and
that environmental compatibility, cost effectiveness, design.
Geogrids in 18” vertical lifts. Indigenous seeds were a record setting nine inch “Labor Day 2003” rain event.
call for immediate action, quick permitting, and the
sown on the constructed slope and then covered with The system has been monitored yearly since 2003 and
difficulties associated with public “low bid” work
North American Green P-550 permanent reinforcement continues to perform meeting all design expectations.

Looking Downstream at Site August 2003 March 2005 August 2005

April 2003

Looking Upstream after First Flood December 2003 May 2004 August 2005
May 2003

19 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 20

CAMPBELL’S DITCH HIDDEN VALLEY SUBDIVISION
When designing CR 200 South in Tipton County, Indiana, 9 lb/ft3 density coir log to be placed at the toe-of- Due to upstream development resulting in more intensive reinforcement mat was utilized. The velocity of the drain
USI Consultants had a potential long term cost savings slope with a permanent turf reinforcement mat, North storms, erosion on an un-named regulated drain in Rich- was 10 ft/s; therefore, in the bend areas, a soil confine-
measure for the County. Campbell’s Ditch, a legal drain, American Green’s SC-250, on the side slopes. The upper mond, Indiana had started to expedite, threatening an ment mechanism, GeoWeb, was installed to maintain the
originally crossed CR 200 South discharging into Buck bank was protected with a biodegradable blanket, already failing vinyl sea wall, exposing a 36” sanitary line soil bed to prevent erosion at the toe of slope or further
Creek 300 yards downstream of the road crossing. By S150BN, to allow the vegetation to develop. This design and a roadway collapse. The creek ran through Hidden movement of sediment. Other areas of the project were
relocating 1400’ of Campbell’s Ditch to the north side was approved by the Indiana Department of Natural Valley Subdivision and was a featured part of the subdivi- much more complicated than these gentle slopes.
of the road and keep Campbell’s Ditch discharging Resources for a Construction in a Floodway Permit, sion with many residences backing up to the creek’s edge
into Buck Creek, USI would save the County the costs Indiana Department of Environmental Management as a prominent feature. Design consultant, Butler, Fair- In the areas with limited space for grade changes, vege-
associated with the replacing the existing structure for an Individual Section 401 Permit, and Army Corp of men & Seifert (BF&S), had a lot to consider while working tative wall systems were investigated. The standard wall
and all future maintenance costs associated with the Engineers for a Section 404 Permit. within the complex tight easement. Part of their challenge heights required were either 4’ or 10’ tall. After com-
structure itself. was to find vegetative systems that would be not only paring several options, BF&S decided to pursue with a
The design has successfully withstood several flooding more aesthetically appealing, but also minimize city’s GeoWeb wall due to its superior drainage capabilities,
Knowing that relocating the ditch could be difficult events including the storm documented in April 2013 safety concerns of riprap in this residential area. natural appeal and limited future maintenance. Each
during the permitting process, USI looked for alternative shown below. By the May 2013 picture, you can see wall was protected at the toe with a sacked gabion, 12”
vegetated solutions in lieu of the standard riprap that major flooding is no problem for this reinforced To meet these challenges, three different types of vegeta- diameter 9 lb/ft3 density coir log and a permanent turf
details. In doing so, USI seek expertise from local vegetative system! tive sections were developed based on the location of the reinforcement mat.
erosion control specialist, D2 Land & Water Resource. creek with the roadway, residences, sanitary sewer line
The ditch’s minimal velocity allowed a 12” diameter, and existing sea wall. Where there was enough horizontal The City of Richmond was extremely pleased with the
space to install a vegetative slope, the standard design ease of construction of these systems as well as finished
of a sacked gabion at the toe of slope and coir log to appeal. Since construction, the systems have withstood
transition to vegetation reinforced with a permanent turf several flood events without any complications.

Installation - August 2007 May 2013 Standard Coir Log Design Section Installed Dec. Standard Coir Log Design Section
2009 - Picture taken Aug. 2012 Installed December 2009

During April 2013 Flooding

Overgrown 10’ GeoWeb Wall with Coir Log at Toe
of Slope - Aug. 2012
21 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 22
LICK CREEK
The City of Beech Grove, Indiana, located on the south
side of Indianapolis, had some serious erosion issues
in Sarah Bolton Park. Erosion of Lick Creek through the
park was raising concerns of threating the roadway,
eroding the foundation of an existing power pole,
exposing a sewer line and losing three large trees.
To find solutions to their problem, Beech Grove hired
United Consulting to survey & permit the project and
Christopher Burke Engineering for the design.

Three cross sections were developed at the project site.

The determining factor on the type of cross section
utilized along the bank was the available horizontal
space to the soon-to-be protected obstruction. Installation - August 2007
Erosion began downstream of a concrete bridge and
continued for 750’. The furthest downstream cross
section incorporated a vegetated soil confinement wall,
GeoWeb, to protect the power pole from relocation.
Above the wall, a permanent turf mat, North American
Green SC-250, was used to protect the seeded area till Eventually, Christopher Burke was able to lay the slope coir log, continued up the slope to the top of bank. The
germination and strengthen the vegetation during flood back for a gentler cross section approaching the bridge Parks Department was very specific on the types of
overtopping. The opposing side the creek had an already while protecting the sewer line, tree roots and roadways. plants to be incorporated into the design. As such, D2
constructed gabion wall. The gabion baskets were Due to the erodible soils, GeoWeb was once again used; worked with the Parks Department to pre-vegetate the
repaired with new PVC coated galvanized steel baskets however as a surface applied product in this cross coir logs appropriately and provide a seed mixture.
and live staked to increase vegetation. section. A 12” diameter, 9 lbs/ft3 density pre-vegetated
coir log was placed at the Ordinary High Water Mark Next to the bridge, Christopher Burke was able to
Once past the power pole, the cross section could be (OHWM) to assist in establishing the vegetation at this transition to the bridge with articulated concrete block
slightly modified with the GeoWeb wall to lessen the vulnerable location. The same permanent turf mat, mat, which was consistent with the existing design.
steepness of the cross section. It should be noted that North American Green SC-250, was used on top of the
around the power pole a modified wall design was surface applied GeoWeb to increase the shear stress The project was an overall success and D2 will continue
May 2013 to monitor the site through the upcoming years.
used. Helical anchors were used to reinforce the gravity capacity of the system. Note the SC-250 was below the
wall to decrease the cut into the slope minimizing any
impacts to the power pole.

Tree Roots being Threatened by Transition from Coir Log to Coir Log to GeoWeb Wall
Erosion GeoWeb Wall August 2013
June 2012 June 2013

23 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 24

MISHAWAKA RIVERWALK ELLER DITCH
In 2006, Lawson-Fisher and Rundell Ernstberger were also seeded and protected with an erosion control blanket The construction of the US 331 Road Reconstruction regarding whether the design would hold during
retained to design a new upscale condo complex as till germination could take place. in South Bend, Indiana did not come without its flooding conditions. Specifically, they were anxious
well as the surrounding river walk on a brownfield site environmental challenges and concerns. American the plants would suffocate during the wet season. This
in downtown Mishawaka, Indiana. Part of the project The lower section of the north slope included aesthetic StructurePoint was required to design a mitigation plan same design technique was used on a nearby Juday
included stabilizing and vegetating the banks of the river rock to protect the toe, pre-vegetative 9 lbs/ft3 as part of the project. Eller Ditch, a St. Joseph County Creek, Indiana’s only natural trout stream, without any
St. Joe River, which included maintaining some of the density coir logs to transition to the soft armor system legal drain, was determined to be the perfect location problems. With the aid of D2 Land & Water Resource
natural habitat. The native plant community not only of a permanent turf mat, North American Green P-550. to incorporate such a plan. The mitigation plan included and recognizing similarities to the Juday Creek
stabilizes the bank in front of the river walk wall, but also This permanent turf mat was chosen to increase the the following coir log design: riprap placed at the toe project, StructurePoint was able to convince all parties
provides forage and cover to indigenous animals that use shear strength of the vegetation on the slope to match of slope for stabilization, 12” diameter 9 lb/ft3 density involved that the vegetative design was the appropriate
the river corridor. This design strategy was cost effective the proposed conditions. The pre-vegetative coir log coir log to transition to a soft armor vegetative system, solution. From the one year later installation, everyone
and appealing to the permitting agencies. allows for a successful introduction of a plant community a permanent turf reinforcement mat on the slope to can see they were correct! To date, the vegetation
in a vulnerable zone where plugs tend to dislodged, increase shear stress capabilities of the vegetation. has successfully established without any further
Rundell worked with D2 Land & Water Resource on three suffocated, or erode prior to establishment. Coir logs maintenance.
project site locations for vegetative system solutions. help prevent all these failures as noted throughout the During the submittal, the Indiana Department of
The north slope included two components. The upper Design Guide created by D2. The third location, the south Transportation and the contractor had concerns
section of the slope utilized un-vegetated coir logs for bank, was designed the same as the lower section of the
slope contouring. The 7 lbs/ft3 density coir logs were north bank.
used to break up the length of slope. Channelized flow on
banks can start rills in un-vegetated areas which lead to As the plant communities “grow up”, the coir logs
complex erosion issues. Coir logs minimize the potential degrade, becoming part of the cover and are virtually
for this erosion by diverting the water through the coir unseen as shown in the August 2009 picture. This
log and discontinuing channelized flow. The bank was successful project is wonderful to look at on walk along
on the riverwalk!

During July 2012 Installation July 2013

Upper Section of North Bank- 2007 Installation Lower Section of North Bank- 2007 Installation

Upper Section of North Bank- August 2009 Lower Section of North Bank- August 2009

25 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 26

WHITE RIVER CAMP GROUND COOL CREEK STREAM RESTORATION
In 2007, the Hamilton County Parks Department had a reinforcement mat. It should be noted that the coir log City of Carmel, just north of Indianapolis, has been root in this sensitive area. NAG P550 was installed over
serious erosion problem on the west bank of the White was secured (laced) to the gabion sack for stability. under expansion the past several decades. The rapid seeded soil in the wet to mesic areas to increase the
River Camp Ground located in Strawtown, Indiana. If urban and residential growth has led to increased run- vegetation’s shear strength capacity to 14 lbs/sft. Finally,
the erosion continued, not only would an electrical and The second cross section was designed for the area off throughout the City, especially along its Cool Creek the temporary blanket was placed along the upper
sanitary line be exposed, but the 10’ drop from the RV where only high bank restoration was required. In these corridor, which is a tributary to the White River and a slopes where natural vegetation was sufficient to resist
camp sites would continue to erode raising even further areas, there was enough horizontal space in relationship native riparian habitat. To satisfy the City’s concern erosion once established. NAG SC 150 BN is a double-
safety concerns. The Parks Department decided to locally with the utilities to properly slope the bank. Similar to the with another upstream residential development, a net straw and coconut fiber blanket with woven jute
fund the project and selected Indianapolis-based USI first cross section, another aggregate raft was built, but mitigation plan was developed by the engineer of Arden netting, which protects the soil up to 18 months during
Consultants to perform the design. Due to their previous at the OHWM no gabion sack was used to transition to the Townhomes. Many options were analyzed throughout the establishment of vegetation. This vegetative system
successes with vegetative systems, USI Consultants coir log design due to the more gentle slope. The same the design process. The final design, agreed to by all, was designed as an equivalent to a 24 inch riprap
engaged D2 Land & Water Resource early in the design 9 lb/ft3 density vegetated coir log was used to transition was a vegetated system to include a 20 inch coir log, section. By working with both the City of Carmel and
process. to the soft armor system. In the soft armor system of this North American Green (NAG) P550 permanent turf design engineer, D2 Land & Water Resource was able to
section, Tensar BX100 geogrid was used to strengthen mat, and NAG SC 150 BN temporary erosion control satisfy all the restrictions and provide a cost effective
Two designs were proposed along the White River the newly backfilled surface slope as well as to secure the blanket. The 20 inch coir log was pre-vegetated and vegetative solution.
depending on the location of bank in reference to the lower coir log to the bank. The sub sequential vegetated placed at the toe of slope to aid native plants in taking
utilities. The first design was at the lower bank or where coir logs were stacked and laced at the TRM overlap
the steepest slopes with erosion closest to the utilities locations.
were located. At the base of the slope extending to the
Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM), an aggregate raft The construction of this site occurred from Nov. 1, 2007 to
was built utilizing Mirafi 180N geotextile, Miragrid 5T March 15, 2008. During this time, there was 67 flood days,
geogrid, and Class 1 riprap. A 20” gabion sack was placed all overtopping some part of the vegetative system. From
at the OHWM, where a 9 lb/ft3 density vegetated coir log July 2009 photo, it can be seen that the flooding did not
transitioned to the soft armor system of permanent turf affect the stability of the vegetative system.

Installation Four Years after Construction

November 1, 2007 Aggregate Raft

November 14, 2007 July 2009

27 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 28

LAKE LEMON RESERVOIR
Lake Lemon is a reservoir formed by Lake Lemon To combat the wave and wind energy, pre-fabricated
Dam on Beanblossom Creek approximately 10 miles 22 inch rock rolls filled with 4 to 6 inch riprap would be
northeast of Bloomington, Indiana. Originally, the lake placed at the toe of slope. The rock rolls would provide
was built to control water levels for Bloomington’s (and the armor for boat and wind energy while creating an
surrounding areas) drinking water supply. Today, Lake elevation for the introduction of vegetation. Upslope
Lemon is mostly a recreational site. The constant wind of the rock roll, a pre-vegetated 16 inch coir log with
and wave energy throughout the years had resulted knotless brown polypropylene netting at a density
in erosion along the entire shoreline. Compounded of 9 lbs/ft3 would be installed. This type of coir log
with the fluctuating water levels, the zone between in terms of density and net type was selected for its
well-established vegetated banks and the eroding toe proven performance history in waterway and shoreline
of slope was expediting. The eroded bank consisted bioengineering projects. The coir log would be pre-
mostly of infertile subsoil and rock making re-vegetating vegetated with native wetland species and provide a
the banks difficult. Any potential solution for the site mechanism for controlled species introduction. The
would require all the following: create a wave break to compressed coconut coir log, once pre-vegetated, can Installation July 2003 Completed Installation
dissipate the wind and wave energy, provide a specific offer moisture and nutrients to the vegetation while
plant community in the hostile growing environment establishing in its new location. This proposed cross
and soils, allow for construction with very limited section offered LLCD a low/no maintenance way to
access, and require little to no long-term maintenance. introduce these difficult plant species.

After the Lake Lemon Conservancy District (LLCD) The results of this system were immediate. It provided
received a LARE (Lake and River Enhancement) grant, a self-sustaining solution that allowed for sediment
they selected Donan Engineering to help administer deposition behind the coir log for natural slope refilling,
the grant and address the shoreline erosion. Donan the rock toe allowed for energy dissipation and created
Engineering contacted D2 Land & Water Resource to an environment to allow the native species to establish.
evaluate the problems at Lake Lemon. After a site visit, The site continues to be monitored, and even after
D2 proposed the following design: nearly a decade in place, the system is still providing the
erosion protection and habitat development.

August 2003, One Month after Installation August 2008- 5 Years after Installation

29 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 CocoLogix Product Overview 2016 30

COCOLOGIX
bank stabilization systems

9953 CROSSPOINT BLVD. SUITE 100

INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46256
PHONE: (317) 842-1694
FAX: (317) 595-0933