COMPLEX SENTENCE AND
TYPES OF COMPLEX
SENTENCE
LECTURE: TIARNITA MARIA SARJANI br.Siregar,S.Pd, M.Hum.
The First Group:
1. Remy Artha Sari Naibaho
2. Reni Debora Hasugian
3. Rizky Sabrina Sitompul
4. SakinahRahmaHasibuan
5. Sarah AzryaniHasibuan
6. LuthiAzhariDenas
ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2016
COMPLEX SENTENCE AND TYPES OF SENTENCE
Before we’re going to discuss about our materials, firstly we have to know about independent
and dependent clause because this material is bounded with them strongly.
Review:
An independent clause contains a subject, a verb, and a complete thought.
A dependent clause contains a subject and a verb, but no complete thought.
TYPES OF SENTENCE
1. A SIMPLE SENTENCE
A simple sentence has just one independent clause. For example:
Curiosity killed the cat.
My cat catched the mouse.
Richard washes the car.
Tom reads novels, etc.
Punctuation note: There are no commas separate two compound elements (subject, verb, direct
object, indirect object, subjective complement, etc.) in a simple sentence.
2. A COMPUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE
A compound-complex sentence has at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent
clause. For example:
I stopped believing in Santa Claus when my mother took me to see him in a department
store, and he asked for my autograph.
I keep thinking about my assignments when my uncle invited me to his party, and he told
me to have fun.
Punctuation patterns:
Follow the rules given above for compound and complex sentences.
A compound-complex sentence is merely a combination of the two.
3. COMPOUND SENTENCE
A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. For example:
I always wanted to be somebody, but I should have been more specific.
She knew me so well, but she asked me what’s my favorite food.
Punctuation patterns (to match A, B, and C above):
A. Independent clause, coordinating conjunction independent clause.
B. Independent clause; conjunctive adverb, independent clause.
C. Independent clause; independent clause.
NOTE :
coordinating conjunction can be for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
conjunctive adverb can be however, therefore.
4. COMPLEX SENTENCE
A complex sentence is a sentence that combines one independent clause with at least one
dependent clause. A clause is a group of words that has both a subject and a verb. An
independent clause forms a complete thought. A dependent clause, also called a
subordinating clause, does not form a complete thought and is dependent upon an
independent clause for meaning.
The example of Subordinating Conjunctions:
1. after 15. wherever
2. although 16. while
3. as
4. because
5. before
6. even though
7. if
8. since
9. though
10. unless
11. until
12. when
13. whenever
14. whereas
Example of relative clause :
1. that
2. who
3. which
4. where
5. when
6. why
7. how
8. that
Pattern and Example of Complex Sentence
1. Connecting subordinating conjunctions.
Pattern 1: (Independent Clause )+ (subordinating conjunctions + Dependent Clause)
E.g :She tried to keep her house clean though she was very busy.
Explanation :
She tried to keep her house clean (Independent Clause) though she was very busy (subordinating
conjunction + Dependent Clause).
Another example
►She will not come until you pick her up.
►Roy was ready to go before his friends came.
►Rina go to the train station too early because she doesn’t want to miss the train.
Pattern 2: Subordinate conjunction + dependent clause, independent clause.
Example :Because she did not bring her wallet, she has to come back home to take the wallet.
Explanation : Because (subordinating conjunction) she did not bring her wallet (dependent
clause) ,she has to come back home to take the wallet (Independent clause).
Another example
►While waiting for Michele, Jane meets her old friend on the airport.
►Before it’s too late, it is better to start it up right now.
►Although Mr. Peter is not a young anymore, he is very passionate and energetic
2. Making complex sentence with relative clause.
Pattern : Independent clause + relative clause
Example :It is the history book that I bought last week.
Explanation : It is the history book (Independent clause) that I bought last week (relative clause)
Another example
► My father goes to office when I go home
► I became a doctor in the early eighties, when there were a few cases of AIDS.
REFERENCES :
EkaYuniasih, Paragraph Writing, Metro: English Language Teaching Department
Islamic State College of JuraiSiwo Metro, 2015
http://grammarbahasainggris.net/pengertian-complex-sentence-serta-contoh-
kalimat-dan-soal.html
http://www.bahasainggrisoke.com/contoh-kalimat-relative-pronoun-beserta-
penjelasannya/
http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-relative-pronouns
www.towson.edu/ows/sentences.htm
www.learnamericanenglishonline.com
www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/complex_sentence.htm
study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-complex-sentence-examples-lesson-quiz.html
www.dictionary.com/browse/complex-sentence
examples.yourdictionary.com/complex-sentence-examples.htm
