{mE Socio, MAA ARERITEGTS, AND MAINE "Ss an vt St at a, New Wa ee Noise Prediction and Prevention in Ships ‘he prodiotion and oxevention of Ships are slecussed. Repuite of fali-seate, and model gestelanpes names "faye pascated at Sb2eteLonPin'a ship etzucture Le Soteininea by ene: peopogation oF flex SE'Niver tn’ cho plate lonents, Based Sn these remaits @ prediction model i= Bevehopeas is ts found. thaw the velo~ erty iovel of aUdeck in a funerion of 2 the place el ‘hot tevinuntion af structure-borne Boing is eisg' fanction of frequency, S00 AEs and measured seructureborne Bound Lewels are compared ‘the effects of damping layers rorisiiontly mounted superatiuctures Spd ecomodatin atoms are also buries the Last. fey years racomen- gga cu lin Soar Satie pani lble° Rosse" tevete’on Tarenane’Shps hove Soon tpsuce bythe morgnanectlfe Qovy eouresioe game OF supvortetes dueions see'eutrently betta POGsSES onl ace cnpectne te be fanuce Eevssed ond are eetgeneeal the ceaulret SasSTsse In antag" ip oS SEAS SS Aee ah eli SEMTeY play ovens i egw ot Tenttniy Sheten ships £0 shown, the SanRSMME S"oehba SaP G00 eat ™ ace Bolte IeEecoay attheg tone ang 377 tne eb shy Yate e"taaeeted 2/3 of the Sloe bean SUteered on’ aame of Shphaiine the need for useful sha SERED! bide’ praaletsce progeane. isson, Visitor, Dat Norske Veritas, Oslo, Norway she puiposo of noting, prestction progean UMShit ponatofesirenay Ei atetg, ste to eptinee the TelEla Gaston ts found to’ pe Séouse t= sblbflnnutsicsaney the etrects of Sebezetd! tend taecaatiog. end genera sreroseeone tan feat be ealewiated Spores baked on prodran, can shoo Mabe LSE Bosetbie: to ttna the no ‘Sopunfet solution, eclege corte (Of notse levels should be standard frotedare for evety now construction, Reve this posslbe fee neces Tiebte SoreEitvolved for weing peogeam are tows ig. 1. pigteibution of noise levels 4a, Bad cabine on 15" randomly chosen ahipe NOISE GewsnaTiON ‘the noise attuation on board & snip To" adhernited by the gun of noise ShrEctboted by the many’ and varied ‘Rilns of noise sources: Btestive,shpioaca sotze control thersfoce ofall significant noise sources, eg: milo'Sha abaiary Ghatseny peopel- ery ear, eaoiny and axhasee nofuding’ funnel Preseorsy hyaraulss Sanipmant Motwding els intake Sutleta, tn coone dontainiag note Sources’ atch’ se"enginee, fi Methods eo predict and redues at hor ieaiediaearar atic, Sane Satan 0s Bit Sr esos, SES 43m accommodation spaces other than those tentLoned.abovey ith the possi ble exception of rooms Gtxectly asjoin- Eng S"sottce, the notes level Le deters ined by structurebarne sound, sexi, tO) senictarectorne eound Ffequeney Tange 16", 20000 fay thewe, igh Erequonay vibrations which welt covpted tolaater and Shey "radiace Structure-borne sound 4s directly ‘Bouree throtgh fez connection tothe Foundation propagates ineo the struc ‘Etre. "the powee ean propagate Ln the stracture fo flesaral, longitudinal Exsneverse and torsional waves, he 28) 78). Ite resulting oneray flux te gttongated ag function of the distance Eron"'the distrabonse, the attenuation opendo' on lasses" in’ eho attuctase and Sibo'on, the sunber of obstrustions or stiuctuvo depente on the volootty Level Sfp ane the aaterialpbtanaters and Prediction of resulting note tevais in Se nocomeseeson’ aca, poselbne, the source ateengths ih Uhintdseton properties of steel 41s) Taaistion propertios of atructuces seTthe recbiving end Atsousted beloee * Sanasen and Buiten /9/ tivae form Intion'sf notes levels: Snausea by setae tatecborno sound in eccommaation space sa boned"Solge"astune that the tne ING Gbutee) "andthe resuntiog ne yo1oslty of a ook 4 Lytdack)s then a Ly ldock) = Ly (source) ~ P hore tho function F determines the Uietenuation of otresearesborne ound An the: path between source and Tecetver. F is'a? function of the neaber of aizeoiti~ hutties [dockey placfome, feamea, tes) Fetyeen sousco' aha recelvar ao" aiseuesa ‘the etrycture-borne sound 1 tran inLttod ‘fren the steel construction to {he Fioar, baltheads and’ ceiling in the cabin. thé type ef moanetng of each SUrface’ana' [Es conection +9 the steel Construction determine the velocity level difteroncoy figs beevesn the steel dock and the Tasisting surface. ‘The veloctty level L4 of a radtating surface cen his be written Lym Hy (400k) = (0), AB a ‘Tho sound presture py in a soem Anduced by one vibrating’ Surface with Sigyavee" Bye Golockty ea, and redttion seo? a2 ay + a, = Mee a PP o there po 48 the acoustical supedance of ‘Sp ant A'the oguivalone apeotpeion acon {ad "In the Foon: he resulting soond (Sfoastre'tevel tpi from one soucce and She surface ie hier gg Uy #10 dog 4 8, ay/m) ad (4) ‘the reforonce sound pressure sn the aguncton sove"ta"ett fo Gata Bute. Bre velocity 448 Given dn a8 re. ing Tuatating turfaces fa tor'ecsh ee eeetcercel wy o ‘the sumation 1¢ made over all the suctane SSteees are added Logast etn ih of the nine octave bands‘a8 22 fiz and ending at 8 ile. the Sestleldg"Rvedghteg gaged oval con source sreevert im ordor to define the strength of 4 souree fete ip general sufficient to GotSenino the velocity. level perpandt= Suiar "ta the plating at ehe foanation SFlaasn and atxddsery engines, gear, Suope, ates and in the haat plating High’ che propellers demimenpirion! Hoe ac°sGe the protetion of there Yelacity devel have. been formulates ‘SSnasen and Baiton 79/- lune /10/-nae Utter’ Indicated ‘that the voloctty. ever SPS eagle Sontation ks now ete. neces Rea hole levels in the accommodation Space STE plant sock wees, Sraferore"snceneiai"ss ofan te ase © Etesietenely Sesenueeholoe prostetion oat or the determination of the steucturerberne sound Induced by propel dors the existing empirical formulae are ft satéstactory /11/ then those tor fines, lloyever & conbinceion of the praaletion formulae discussed tn the Poforencen /9/ and /12/-yaeid the best renent. found s0 Far, botrean calculated ia mesgured velocity levels indaced oye te propel ice, the Fomsie can be ty tpropelier) = = c+ 10 tog HH + 40 10s + 420 10g w= 20 209 € o vega Attar of propeace eee es i eettare eesti however in progcese for the investiga~ ear ik Ngee treater tetas ales teers ‘the velative importance of the main sources hae been discussed ip ref, /13/- ‘The seaule se sunnarized In Pigs 2. 1m cortain eases st #2 possible to eduot" the noise level Induced by’ 4 Source. ‘por"ene agai iiary engines this EentEe"abhleved 12 those’ azo zesitiontly Propolies “Won-cavitatingt Propotier cavstating Podium speed Diese? aging ‘the Eelative tnportence of noise soures se function of frequency. 32-500 te 32-500 HeRounded. tn ret; /14/ the possibility of ‘ountinj the main engines Featiientiy $2 ecussed. Propelier-ingsces: structure” Dorne sound’ can on anal ships be reduced by Roana cf, S compliant Layer on’ the unl above the propeller 715/. Visco- Classic layers ae the foundation of Snell sourdes euch ee punpe can yicld very good results’ /ic/> ‘he strutaresomne sound toad in a, Ship" stracuute by seopellor natn slalabcihigey Spoinas ‘1b tranani eee ‘Hlomural waves. ‘Thane wave types aro eels Ee Stage palsy Eppes abe tnducoas At"ehe roceiting” cod OF" tho’ tranomlesion Line only the flew an 'waves ged tobe ctned oles aie ELITE SRisure shat ator wave HIESG Tn°a"roon! “UPH*? £9 the go Moasurononts reported by xéhinan aa ebtney 7277 "ayl7i8/ eehucata tat the velociey lévels porpéndiowtar” an purallei to’ she shel! ohn ie af the samc Reoutudos 12 tna {lane sotion of tho Eravotling in the vertical diseetion, these waves" father thon the Flexurt aves “would Geternine the veloet ty USMe! petpendsGaiae ashe plating oe a ition Ts determined by’ etansvoree’ waves Tndueed by the relative vertical motion ofthe tetonsy then the flexural waves Would’ be" of tho greatest isportance. The Magnitude ang the ditection of the Shergy flux of the various dnplane waves Fonain {0 "be fully Investigated. Xf all wave types wore to be dn- ‘laged' in a propagttion model the e~ aictng sototaticne gouka be, vory ‘Sttunod’ that one weve motton dominates ina detorminas the power flew in the epieical netnod was oiginaiay developed For shibeprie he ode 164" aetumea hoe sandy indgead by a” souroa onthe, tank Bie /aooks or certain types of ahi} ‘odel yields very good er accept smonts of the ‘borne sound nave been reported by Button Fis), Aibiman and Paune 717) and suas [20/' mong otners. there reauts indlento Ghat the Retenuation ef structure borne soina over digooneinesey. Tike 4 deck Aga tanction of frequency and aleo of the" geometry of the seael structure ‘he propogtt ion of flexes) waves sno plact"ebopted Go" pafatielFeanae fe been invest ‘ati Cina Sonehaded Ler the, pover injected int a plats” ‘elonent ip"mainly conesined by the Eronees Rowe the outsell frejuansy the seetoy lat fe \tie"plate t=\maoh geeater SSthunel 1s777 ‘The tranevorse bending wotion of = EleSvathoue Longs tadinet wage besbg tndused tn the piece: ahs 12 Qiecubeed En Ze7, tha teneckey teval of the inglage the fiowural aves, tha" Sapiten that the velocity Tove! of the tnplane waves inva’ship structure ie not, Se comet ines fopoted, caused by the’ betaiag es the "The Statietical mneray Analyste tay) "/'i/"is eften suggested ea'be a Enitabto method for the prediction of tho trimomiasion.of « sthucture-borne Soand\ in shiper "the SER aathod ier fowover, goneralsy used on structures Tess complicated than's ship. Further, the’ spplteability’ ef the’ SEX natnod of tore ar less porlodie. serwctares iike 9 [ip hes! not boon ui1y investigated. ht noy conditions fx" he nuconen ut application of the SEA meshed are tase the coupled Systone are resonant and thatthe nodal densities of each ayston sre abttictentay"Mok“Rhote conaitions Enos. the flee resonance for flexural veo in pare of the natn deck oan be ae igh a5" 200 fas the wodal_denssty or HeaneGeainas ivan Le even tower than (et te et an ‘ngthod to caloulate robhiting velocity Hie erate fete oe Era eee ee ee Nee, “fo compara Eellvaves are onsidered. $ye"Pa2 astoe- Heveis topifen that the" tomsitoainn, Suggested fy ALhinan end Plant, /17/ and Te/sin:/ia/" onsen aesunes that the’ serucrare’ie/polde do‘of plate chenonts ByTeke Siimnetons of che ‘Salo’ model, Any’ possible céfecte ave toSharman cao ae. clive 23/ an asad the SBN Droblens. ina amsil motor vo Belted tnonsuranonss alt calcuistions Chetnsaveki and Aresasacone nave Ane/SAaGkEeeeSs ENS Een eon oe stryoturerborne. sound, ive, flexural inves in ship seraceazes, iio. applications opractical problens are mentioned, Another exaupie of the use of the ‘sen mothod has-been reported by Gibbs nd Ciitora’/25/ the. sound erangnission inlai/t scale nofol of a concrete Hielctte' Gs Sntentigited."h coopartson Eelwcon thooretical and expocimonts) Eeuuits indicates that eho anergy ot = pints euenone fo palsy davsenined by hnenaured values Were generally” iow than peealetads The reacon 42” cai to ‘ete breaksdavn ofthe SEA mathod tn this feeguoncy sande. ‘the Einite element method (PE) Bot dizectay be ‘extended 2 comply with Env the very How trequancy ange the dy analytical mathod to determine the vibestione of grillagas te discussed by Wook ap 7267. the techntgue. te ectenea Tutthei in’ /S57-"ehe alaptace- Sone of sack elenont in 'griilage. ta ‘Eotocnined hy the, boundary conditions [Ae cach Junction ene. conaleione concey ‘ing cone inity and-equiltbeiun mast bo Eullslioas the renaze is a eystom oF ‘Smuatione when resatay cen be aolved Ey the se" of ¢ computer ata minimal Seats the application of this method to the proolem concerning tho transaission of strecttterbosne” soundin a superstrucy PROPAGATION NODE, 1 ship 48 a rather complicated structute, it 9 therefore necessary to imoke certain agcunptions. concerning. the Propagation paths end wave fieide in Eiger "to opeein a simple and ucofol Sedei describing che eranaiission of Struoturechorne sound. Further, tas SeURvaniage Elst co mnveseigaee the teanentgrion problem tn» congarattvely shap 12 she Inttiat ana appronigate sia beveniargra to comprise the ‘thks first port of the snvestigation as sherore been Lgpled, vo sarapeeree™ ‘Thevaéael” aiscuseed Helow 42, confined 2o ‘roblens conaerning tno propagation of| EEmuceuresborne, sound inthe vertical Suinction from the main deck and Up. fon oat pinta oe reamiet rags g Poe hers lite oe paths such as buikeeds, piilere. and Sebete Ia BREE So ‘otal power flow to the structure is PES fe. iis eign aeanemes Pig. 3+ Hodol of superstructure. Te eBtarmines by either flozural oF Hongitudinal waves: for each wave’ type bo approvinated by efter’ a wave. guide or 2PEeem madel. Por the ave guige, foaan it's assimed. ehae, the waver Propagate in the plate elements. Lint ted Ey Ent:fanta and"deote: she ‘coupling EReiten the: plates is caused by bending Romenta at each jonetion. he translatory SEtion ot eh’ tran and Sunectone ts Neglected, tho. Junestons ave. allowed to Polite pafalier to the Foaties Seo 719. 3. mesnodel~ the beam is considered tobe SEEN Gpice the sranor"ana-pare of the concorning iewuren waves propagating, plate with the ainen- ‘vig, 3.\The displace: plate {2° sanined’ to be sero ettne eat Sof"s Se a y 2 Binding onenes” se the" eagea x ~ 8 and Bib lee Tho. ditearential equation for Fiona aves on ene place aiement ie wy = t= 0 o In this equation, WGay) te the Atepiaconont In the sedtrection. the TEES ta ela Sogpion fo aoaount for = Kat ane © Whore Ko 42 the zoal part of the wave umber’ taay‘ts equal’to the total Tose Esetor for the plate, 1 the bending soments at the gooonly 3 TARE Est aatl eo he lowest node in the yeairection BelnerTiycoternites the ahepiaceant SEShe laces “unt the ape teh Seven? Er" Plzat"note'be abnorinee ciate gar. engin eioeneaton Be ti. Hf eho eogoe Sethe plate along the fiance cre Sesuroa a be elampota oumplete solution See aleetSecnert se eTbtats ohe Soe ready be acrived. tn Spproninate Solution gun be sbeatnae Oy Poprteantiog thenode Shape“ny selene’ sine easeties hart oferta unt” eo ‘Sager however, the motor Of the plate, Enfrinae'aige'ehe'eonckion' gq) See So aSEatae? mainiy datormined by the notion of the” Sentra pare of tho plate. Caleulettons Soasceel thet she’ choles of boundary anos, for che Final seaulte for fi Trequency range. the bost aproonent betteen gaoerinetad and acaiated Sonditions hues sree ayy) = sini oo the displacement Wot the plate ean 6S wietan ans woay) = via) 900) ao By. (10) inserted in (7) yelde the gueterouelal oguation tor Ste Fonction hy ag? ey Byam? Beet twee any ‘The genersh solution to eq. (11) se tor <> k] gaven byt we Ayeinegx + Azoone ge + Aysinh yx + + nyooen ae any epee alt a» nye beget replacment in sor gt he ot pareetine enplitaacs ay "ag tn Erorecelon (18) can conbogedely be SSSR GPL, te Tt oaanee Seegulte Alaptsctents neha tpt Steen MEL NSE Shae Sina SSRoHERs Heed wr or Ber forxse oo weor P= yay sorx=t, asad on e6 esuations (12) ond (uo, She auspractatit end conacavenely | SES 8 Sendtns mente con bevereceseed | {e"Fonctions of che anguzer atspleconanes I thevodgeg, tne sowulting bending | Seeopterat the ange of the piste elonant Morr) = Be C(OPy = = yng) %) oth as) MUggerd = Dep (110), ~ = ya) A) awPig. 4. Resulting bending moments and Shyuiar' dsaplacenenee oe a 2 Sanction. ‘oft srequenoy for the Fizee propagating Se a6 ty = Hy by an ‘the xesulting bonding nononts at a ‘ejuncton are anon an F890 4, ByaeL(0) ‘Sonatas, the bending manent at tne’ {Over gil ge phe veetent piste clamant ort ma(uen) is the soreeapending momone at TxO'CSD and ofthe vertical plate ne ug (@)" describes the mopont St the ond x = S3'G2 the horizonts1 pists elonent n- tthe conaition for equilibriun at a esunetion tat HysenlO) #Myal) = My,yllgg? — (18) Considering now the ggulitbriua of the ponding momints at ali the Junctions int atelSetaclafes @ Spaten of equations San be derived. the angular stapiacenants Son be solved ay fanetlona of a fea) oF ‘the apace average of the velocity ‘equaced ofthe ocisoneat plate element ‘STSEiied above can tn the"hisn freauency oP eat ly to)? + ft [22 cues as ‘the velocity evel aitference be- ‘enoom tuo pises siotnto can thereaftor bevemeaiated: for the case of simmle bo ike suporettustiree somlate exerenstone aro Seblved'in retaconce 717. A nore general Simulation ie preseneed’ in Fels 1287. PULL SCALE MEASURES, PROPAGKTTON vetootty tevel_ and reverberation time woasurenents wore made cn, to Laid Gpnediunceised(139°000 ee) tankers. ‘Be Conflgantions oF the sepueseractate ofa vibrator. uring the neagucomonts the acccieroncters mire on aii decks rpouneed ae the. sane Forttione relative {the eldpe ot the dock houce ond the Sn'the cane vertical planes aft of the bridge wings ons REGELEY Havel etttoronces, fon the too shipe, Avand By wero Furee Shastiattd Scebrdiny Eo the longteeatinan ‘ave models discuered’ above. Based on Wisse nogela: the resulting’ velocity. WSvel Aieserencee vere far too anal as ‘Supacea. £0 the measured resvite. Te SiFEeronces Gourd be of che odes, 20-ab. he feauite indieste ehae EMiinad wave model ovorsestinates the [oper f2ov"feom the male aeok up one me results obtained from tho fiequtel wave model, assuring = ysve guide propagetion pattern, show far Better" agreenent with monsurcnente catoulated (-) and measured Tey Neloley squared for dete 9 on ship b, The band~ Mache for the" cueves ere noe‘tho influence of the periodic spgegctte Se the a Peete on he tans Mdoion process sa indieated' ty Figure Brin tas Figure’ the predicted velocity, OE rather the quanttey!cvs2s, forthe Chita deok’on Gasp Bde shown as function of froqnoy withto ene 1'ene Ia‘Seeae band. uv 2 sete bag age of te meat SELL Ge Be 4s before the velocity refers to the BAG Ise ta oes HOG. S? Aeris Shots Eee pated at Se is, gutve ‘can therefore not be compared SESS SNe ea are oe, SHAE "vey had atte Beeline! sies"p acinar te Spe Pisa RON ee Sects EASELS eae Serena. seri eri eres etaurod' and predicted values are all ie oa Baie ga SHG lanier a hie Bisel Srbareiet ie adits geste Sareea te mle ne ee Sane Se ee eee oie aes emees Siomy thw Franeor ‘fo about 300 usr dn tale frehoncy range She" irst fesonince for ene subeetuee ‘Eifes on the main eck gearee £0 be fully doveloped. ‘she Velocity of the ain dock 1s" consequently high in this Feglonathte fonchte tn 8 Eatge weloeisy the upper Geshe: Even for higher te Fis. 6. Volootty level differences batwoon the decks 6 and 2 (a), € and 2 (b), Gand 4 (6) 6 ands to) Compare Fuge 3s — predicted = ship ay ~ ‘oc0 hasuzes = SHB AY ‘predicted = ship ® Serressign ene et a. ee orn Seek et, DSRS ae ‘the oxtortor of the superstructure’ ‘on the two" ships are fairly\sinslay. Rowover, "tne ai fearences soteen ths late dinenstons spd deck constructions aie in quite different velooiey Levels. The velocity level alfterence Betvaon the Firat tho docks te wp £0, 7 25 lorgar on ship,hthan on, ship B. The Shandy ag“ TePin, the" eae ea ‘na F respectively. he" corresbondig Invel difference an a typical passender Ship would according t0_/9/ be OF the. order’ dp. the examples above tnaicate Sotmulated Concerning’ the attenuation of seructarerborne sound {na "steel struc Eores the disensiona of he sub-struo- EXied muse alwaye he considered A conresponding snvestigation concerning the. aetomuetion of structure pou dug to. frames ete. Lo od in eats /8/- the’ patanetor F ed shove = 0g." (1) te a fonction However, notable exceptions. Hole Teves fn superserveeuree. can be. sf'foe~ Eively reaacea if the entire structure [e'petilieneiy aounted on tho main Asche Gednevely”und Haztnanh haz at the mid of 199) designed moxe than 180 of these suparctesceuree, the first reso~ ance frequency for the vertical notion ofthe sinpie massvopring ayston te Sypicniy of ene ordre s'~'8 hg Neen ebonants mado" by Grinswoig und Martmann Gn eno sister ships (1888 bre) One SLAM onvenctontt andthe ote umn Ghateate that’ the noise levels in the Accomodation spacus.on the’ Lat. poop’ eck’ can be decreased by 10,43(n) oF Sore prrthe eesiitent,mguntings On the ‘Sock below the notes reduction te Sfonowhat ess. Tans nt ate ene etn sali se iaiees 22 Ae Sis Se coun trma res ame Sowever Sacre! level tn’ Sabin by a= 3 cota) seat te Of the” attansation of st¥uc™ Carorborne. sounds the thick of the pistes T= 3 lel am and 3 the places 4 > 1110.6 mm: Verious mothods to tnoreare the attonut tion of semucture-borne, sound fave" been investigated by meane of model Senle maaurononée™ the dasie node, Shown in Figs 7 the width of the-nodel {e°caual_to'tho’ distance between two. Etamars the Season being, 08 discuesed Sbowoy that & ship struature can be Sontiderea at a wave guido model ive. ‘She main power Clow in the vertical SieetigaT i contained by the Frames. ‘the following configurations have Tivestignted’ (compare Fig. 7) © are, stoel model Bimping iayere on the plates 4 and 6 Samping layers on the plates 3 and > port of Oniy"vis the rane (gee Pg. 8) ‘me’ superstructure, (piseee #/— i) for (piste Soy (eee Pig. 9 noPig, 8. Seale model 6, the auperstruc- Pig. 9. Seale wodel 7, Te superstruc~ fare connected tothe main deck fore ta elagtical iy mounted on a" che" Frames, Shean dock flats flenent’s for the motensFig. 12, Velocity level 4ittgrences sticen ee plates sna predieted 0000 nozsured factors tor the untreated ‘were of the onder. 0, 0008, Vigeorelastic layer tnoressed. the Tote Factor to 0.05. /she measured velocity ievel gitterences. fia. Between the Plate slowents vad 9 (soe 3} sre Show in Figure 10 for tho Pe Mnrvagure ii the velocity evele of plate's for tho models. 3 S"tte consbred, the input power to the he : cilcator that’ the Further away ‘anping. layer. shia ie sn aay iment with the tailoacale experiments Feportad”1n'729/ goa 721/- the niahege, $'ieet unr’ ene danping layer 19 applied Acraouay 20 the plete plate sections tnerense the attenastion Ee" Hleforet waves nore’ than of engl Bgted"on"the Atenutal wove model Gfeeuceed above compare. Fatriy vel SHEN Nenuuremmnts. inthe Eeequeney Fange whore. the nodal 3 appiteabto. TALE" sa shown in Figure 12 For nod Neasured velocity lever aif Shans °"fo"eimos thie vaisey even 1 Sonttfained vireo-elastie lagers. are Seplted. hua lepideg hae the ertece of e"Eonasdetebly Tere than tn the so0 suasctoaniy "mounton ‘structure. node) doprenimatoly 7's in fell soate, The Elaita'tor the model i, cane™} are Shown in Figure 15. the meeoured vol Eo" rebel Gifforoioes Ge sone) are ie maasurenonte discuseed above. The olus radvetion, dae tothe changed Soundaty condittons, model, 6, 4a af the Seles 'Sap. Aiernatsvely tho boundary, Seyaitione tetera deck and She" vertsea, ‘me nofel sosle aesturencnes 1 ccugeed ‘anova. are described in detatl in Seference 7287. wanng sound prossure Lovet ‘Eutotion of the: aeoustical Exte'the fon and algo of poner raasated by a structere exostad By"Struceuresborte sound is a fanction 2f the Sinanetona of the sEctetare, ity Between the, stool deck and’ the stfucturg ana the velocity level of the Gecko discussed shove. Sata eoneorn™ {es eke Very important parmovers. sand AE te Us'fenctat act fe sure iee by ‘SbiStntne ine Soonatis Sesttty of Structura. Ain acousticdl propertice of Bernossured an situ on bosed or ina. Hiss Eig. Adv ahowe test cig uhicn te tothe ‘castes the dimensions of the Seok ace 7 wi.6 agree the seructurs te ‘rete ng & elbeaiar’ ant ehesesutting Seel deck, "eananiasion losses for "borne aun oan alee, De neaaured. A rly is en ideal aetvap for airoct ofonents af! the nolac rotvetion ave Hounting of bulkheads eto, can Teduce the note level tn'a cab, Levels can be effectively Gecronaod by mounting a structure Feriltoneiy, The most comoniy used Spplication of hfe principle te Tloat~ ha deck constructions. ‘on ships Floating docks are uacd 4) reduce the acoustic power radiated By the decks a fon top of tho soar aw pis sound erananseston 2) to@ radtation ratio for the Eop 3) high hotse reduction index. 4 ee q ian tad (Oi! Oy Littl Lilt ll aay ert iments" of the acoustical par mmetore of aeconsoaseion systons. ‘The material and geoagteical par ‘Bea reduction index ave discussed. exten Othe votocley level aifference beevecn {op and botton' constructions te: discussed Below"and aise compared to measurements. SINAN NIT ATPLaTE 1 {1 dy se ou‘ho baste model i show 19 Pig. as. she botton piste fe aesumed to Staply*stpportet. ‘the plate ts exciton By" Bending moment pefpendteuioe to the Steport ng" parallel Beane. ‘the cages of Engreop plate are fees. Ag avttrat Seproriestion Ghe demiaane fotlon of ire Ste and parpententor ‘eam nese! me governing wave equations for ‘the system seer pen inns en Stentackaow ‘ene functions yi and yo, describe the intial Gloplacgpont of the bottan ‘and top plates Feopece ively, the pare: eters’ k} and key and Dyan Dp ave tthe corrdsponaing weve, hunbert and bonding stifinerser. he spring constant Zor‘the mineral wool layer" s2 denoted by tr the perancters iy € and ahr complies to"aeceunt for the tot ‘mie boundary conaitions for the one-dimensional ease aro! yO = are yy =ys =o on oem ‘i YO = ¥5 0) = a =0 ‘tne function 0 4s consequently proportional’ to's bending moment st the terse, ‘tne equations (20) and (22) yiota fa solution Yor she one-dimensional Approximate reeulte for the two imonaienal. cate can be obtained by Getgg’a vatiationad: technique or the Nothed of superposition. EGnetion of the plate Gimenetons. 1) gigs the srrioy sonacane f aad tho Injen, the cosneidence frequencies fet fgg tor the bostan and top plates’ Sb svely and’ of the mace pet unit ‘io for the top plate, ihe eosults ‘tito Sépond On wnether tho Fesonent OF forced motion of the top plate dominates LeevStnethor” the top plate ts 1egnely om haswily dampen. A. Rightly damped top plate oe fon? fo dy = 25 tog £4 (20 99 fag? > fon?) By wa! oa? Oy * 1a) tart au, = 30 205 2 + be? 22m we co HD Egy < fey ol 1y © 25 tog E+ of eset - 0 dog 28) ta er fon 2 weet, Heavily damped top plates Fea A tea ony = 40 tos By? cer 20 ro” Neasurenente were sada on four touting Ziscr"conrtrectione: she com> A) Steet dock plus a layer of 60 an iockwool faeariey 160 ka/auen.) and 2°22"hm chipboard panel 1B) Ste} dock ples 50 m Rockwool (200 keg/aom) end a 22 om chipboard G0 ke 7auened and a6 om ated D) Steal deck plus 20 an Rockwool (200 Ke/au.ne) ands @ mm wtael plate ‘the plate dimensions 11, and 13 wore 2.9 ands 31d m teapectively, "he ronults {ze shown in "Pige. 16 and i7-au, (48) ty 168) s S15 65. 125 80 SO Ik ak ak Bk FREQUENCY (M2) Pig. 16, Votoctty, evel, s4¢forencee Tolscon'ghe Betbon and tor Vine ia calouleted semvit and x line ie the measured. rest ‘no dashed Vine and. Line are RS correaponding"rerults tor or heavtay duped cop plstoe Ay aosordange vith tke inpact sound tae” etion cbtelned foe Sobsiiy"9ateeity Eonelng Heors, tr taantly ganze sp Enjdocade’opending on the coupling SeCocenetncteae YTeNde ty the"ptates, RSM LNe "aVfeteence ao Sbataes te faethe flor is tony and the etactio GE Tow donelty mineral wool, Radiation See1SE SOU soled 70Sneefen indions woe Hic*GGdeccd'Poc"the"foor cOuechections, aeee GSE alaee gost in acovdanee ae Sais Ge cussed fe seh ar Hesebreneste on tented in rele 7347" Bigs"Te (ites 202. 757). "aulieaat” ond 318 6 108 250 S00 Ik 2k tk” Bk FREQUENCY | H2) Fig. 17, Votockty Level ateterences plates, For type © Toor Sota x Tine ss the measured resate. {ioe Saahoa ine an 0. Line are the correspondieg eesules for the B'esnateact in. thereafter gounted on top of a ftoating HEEL CTe"EsacTa Eo otad Fae he tas again neanzed ~"for the sane running ‘ShaiZion TEMEEGre, the deles eatstlon ‘Roto the aeration fe" shom’ i Fi3 ahin)s vor the ores discussed. shave Shogo 'wee no Porthos. Speninas foe ettsbed Eat Eaten’ the Bacal Ttonese of SFElosina acomecdat fon yetan consiaee= ‘tho note prodtetion progeane Seetan gulges sather’ then netnoge to” foige proatotion sind never bo: expected Eo be bectar than that of noise measures ‘ents. noaurenones ada on four sister Bilps‘andicato tint the zorulting” ahi) anal necoseary for for type of information | wea4) type of enaines 1b Sipe SF fropeitor Li) adgeripelon of athor sovroes fy) Steet aeawinge 3) Generel areangenont Wy GpetSe ssahoaation eyston ana vity Teedtlpllon of any sound reducing ‘uowever, predictions Based on Pare aivays preferred: ‘me type of information which ean be optained from thie. type of input. data Ts Ghoun'in Pigs 18. (hoise Pregietion Program 1590). the result indicates the Tent Sinlnsting aeiece and also the ‘he'nost. acoustical powers Based on thie miihetee'Gan be dnseaieas ne Tee oat et ee nea ee 4) coypling between the main sources nd the atael structure, 1s) BeaLcbsga“maasis for the desorsp~ gn of the” power inauced by ena anecEipeion c& the propagation of {SEfucturecborne toubd fn tho: dovble the total attonuation sp a ship. Structure as funotion of the iseses inthe vertical snd hortzoneal Abrections: an wy angle of, shese prsblans axe now, rogren started in Seapdinavie suring further, sore securt tent dataon atGred in ants pane, ‘complete novse Brediceions shold bo compared co 211 ae, prestetion methogs enisting eoasy most be considered ae indiopencabio Parte of the projects dtseussed Selentitie Reasrch (WR) «TEE mea a a ar a wh nm ws we por py Nee Foe Mesea many Me tock and Hea. wO2ee Berlin, Springer veriag, 1975. andvook for shipboard Airborne Grse5-109, 1998 ep ee P, Fahy and #. tAnggutse ave Propagation 0 ctitiohea structures ghoractoristic Of ship constesetions® Seale pag ibsatlon’ 976, “ove propagation tn simple hull fume Etvtetanes of oRipee. Asc. wiss0n Shtdentuation of structure-borne ‘sound in soperstrastures on abip=" $2"Bound anit vibration 1977, sound in seiefened plates Bavoneport 1978 (Dee. nora onto) hn ‘seouseteal designteg im naval Beoceedings TTEMOISE, 1973. 3. phone iethode for predicting notse Bovele in shapes Part 17) Report F"4ay 1577 chaimoro ‘Techntest niveteity, eptebors. SoM ae [ext Sh Noryoatan) Sete PEERpCME Thosustices one ay psy ae ay pe Por 3 0) py of nachinery and propeller" Wor Steglan toxtt Davsneport 1977 (bet norske Veritas, ome) sshnoyance aboard 9 SEES pepe sen tars Sere SE ie, aon, sta vimeetion Speceticay experiences with pro pellet potee.in ene) craft” Froceedings taternat ional Syapostun ‘Sq Ghipboata acoustics 1376+ Tie ges Of visco-elastic materiale 3577, 297-299. Prone iSaiasunmiae study of different wave typest Besttad tds itcttmat onal Songrene Seseaet, Wags" s), Gore. EEoceediage Tneornat oral Syhvostun Sphoda neoustios, 197%" 3. sonars "ialyaia ana prediction of ship toned noise" Proceedings Internationa) symp Sroprseetde, ‘besiga in shipbut cing er Siniseliar ne Syagteat ystems BSN BP cione 19.(221 3.8, senses “ekictation oF seructre-borne nolse:tranantaeson in shipe wins eee 2 tae Sei iearing ge 1 as tei Ning evaisteton of a shipboard sols and wiseacion protien uelng Bese /24/ Wi, Chornjaweks, an C. Argtaiacaro Teasoiied eaten on" ant ExSieelesion through complex ship ‘fhe Shock gpd vibration avlietin PAS) BiteS. Gibbe end 6.1.5. a41fora Piha se of power #iow methoas tor {the agsessnene of sound’ exanamLasion in’bil lang strsouare Hogg ana HABEAS 076, 9, A took "investigations on the vibrations of GeLLASG00" and Seber Simple bean Te Acoustical Society of anersee eet ssetays asssenata pe Ry an, Hook ‘Toot, Springer Vertag, poriin. PAA/ Rec, ntAeson Preduction of steucture-borne sound Scpoct 1378 {Bot novake Veritae, Ship due to: damping aotarisi™ Hebeged Soe WTbeation T372, aca), (20/2. van ed Filmodel StUdy on the nosze reaction ftoct of camping layers aboars PA Az. taenee ‘the tee" of damping materials for ‘eduction on a passenger 5, Bosga and vineation 1969, 1042), ‘anatomic py py ay 1s) 1h Rthinan | Fiokee Seduction with constratnet history vere ee Frocesdingg teernasiona) symposium ‘Sr Saipbosta eouseicn, 197ee Node acduettcal properties of Sopp) Seg oF Ace Sheousticat investigations of atphsitse floating Floors epplied seretateoa dock? ‘gbtaines by a floseiag scconno= ‘Seton eysten Dnvshepore, 1977 (Det norake Veritas, oslo)