UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENT

SEMESTER 1 2017/2018

CIVIL ENGINEERING STATISTIC

BFC34303
SECTION 5

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 1

LECTURER : DR NURSITIHAZLIN BINTI AHMAD TERMIDA

NAME : MUHAMMAD NUR AIMAN BIN ADNAN
NO MATRIC : DF150045
DATE SUBMIT : 19/9/2017

DUE DATE: 21/9/2017

Individual Assignment 1: Date: 14/9/2017
58 students have been asked to build an aeroplane from a piece of paper and throw the
aeroplane using:
(a) One hand only (set 1 data);
(b) Both hands (set 2 data).
Then, they have to measure the distance and record the data which consists of 2 sets of
separate data as shown in TABLE 1. Note that the distance in TABLE 1 has been converted
from unit feet to meters.
Using set 1 (One hand only) and Set 2 (Both hands) datasets:
(1) Calculate the mean, median, mode, first and third quartiles, interquartile range and
75th percentile.
(2) Compute the sample variance and sample standard deviation.
(3) Compare the mean to the median and then comment on the shape of the
distribution.
(4) Construct a stem-and-leaf diagram and state the shortest and longest distance. Then
interpret the distribution.
(5) From the stem-and-leaf diagram constructed in Q(4), construct a Box and Whiskers
plot. Is there any outliers in the data?
Remark: Each dataset need to be analysed separately. Please submit the assignment by
21/09/2017 (Thursday) via email (send to [email protected]). Fail to submit on time
will affect your final marks.
Section 5 (BFC34303)
Data of distance of throwing a paper aeroplane (in meters), n = 58 students
Male Female
One hand only (Set 1 data) Both hands (Set 2 data) One hand only (Set 1 data) Both hands (Set 2 data)
3.66 5.18 2.74 1.83
5.49 3.35 3.35 6.10
1.83 1.83 2.29 2.29
3.66 2.74 5.49 4.88
3.05 1.52 2.44 3.05
3.66 2.44 3.35 4.27
1.83 2.13 3.66 3.35
4.57 3.66 2.44 1.52
3.35 3.96 1.52 0.61
3.35 3.35 1.22 0.91
4.88 4.88 1.52 2.44
3.96 5.18 1.83 1.83
5.79 5.49 1.22 1.22
5.49 5.79 3.05 0.91
4.88 1.83 3.96 0.91
4.88 2.74 1.83 2.13
5.49 3.81 2.13 1.83
5.64 4.57 2.44 1.52
7.47 6.55 2.74 1.83
5.18 5.79 2.44 2.13
1.83 3.05 4.27 3.05
2.74 3.96 2.13 2.74
7.92 4.88 7.01 3.05
3.35 2.44 4.57 1.52
4.27 10.36 3.35 3.35
7.01 7.01 3.66 4.27
2.44 6.71
2.74 6.40
6.10 2.44
6.40 4.27
3.66 5.18
5.49 3.35
(A) One hand only (Set 1)
(1) Calculate the mean, median, mode, first and third quartiles, interquartile range and 75 th
percentile
Mean
3.66+5.49+1.83+3.66+3.05+3.66+1.83+4.57+3.35+3.35+4.88+3.96+5.79+5.49+4.88+4.88+5.49+5.6
4+7.47+5.18+1.83+2.74+7.92+3.35+4.27+7.01+2.44+2.74+6.10+6.40+3.66+5.49+2.74+3.35+2.29+5
.49+2.44+3.35+3.66+2.44+1.52+1.22+1.52+1.83+1.22+3.05+3.96+1.83+2.13+2.44+2.74+2.44+4.27
+2.13+7.01+4.57+3.35+3.66

58

218.71
=
58

= 3.77

Median

Arrange in ascending order

1.22, 1.22, 1.52, 1.52, 1.83, 1.83, 1.83, 1.83, 1.83, 2.13, 2.13, 2.29, 2.44, 2.44, 2.44, 2.44,
2.44, 2.74, 2.74, 2.74, 2.74, 3.05, 3.05, 3.35, 3.35, 3.35, 3.35, 3.35, 3.35, 3.66, 3.66, 3.66,
3.66, 3.66, 3.66, 3.96, 3.96, 4.27, 4.27, 4.57, 4.57, 4.88, 4.88, 4.88, 5.18, 5.49, 5.49, 5.49,
5.49, 5.49, 5.64, 5.79, 6.1, 6.4, 7.01, 7.01, 7.47, 7.92

3.35+3.66
=
2

= 3.505

Mode

= 3.66

First and third quartiles

1
1 = (58) = 14.5 15th observation = 2.4
4

3
3 = (58) = 43.5 44th observation = 4.9
4
Interquartile range

IQR = 3 1

IQR = 4.9 2.4 = 2.5

75th percentile

75
75 = (58) = 43.5 44th observation = 4.88
100

(2) compute the sample variance and sample standard deviation

Number one hand only (x) X2

1. 1.22 1.49
2. 1.22 1.49
3. 1.52 2.31
4. 1.52 2.31
5. 1.83 3.35
6. 1.83 3.35
7. 1.83 3.35
8. 1.83 3.35
9. 1.83 3.35
10. 2.13 4.54
11. 2.13 4.54
12. 2.29 5.24
13. 2.44 5.95
14. 2.44 5.95
15. 2.44 5.95
16. 2.44 5.95
17. 2.44 5.95
18. 2.74 7.51
19. 2.74 7.51
20. 2.74 7.51
21. 2.74 7.51
22. 3.05 9.30
23. 3.05 9.30
24. 3.35 11.22
25. 3.35 11.22
26. 3.35 11.22
27. 3.35 11.22
28. 3.35 11.22
29. 3.35 11.22
30. 3.66 13.40
31. 3.66 13.40
32. 3.66 13.40
 33. 3.66 13.40
34. 3.66 13.40
35. 3.66 13.40
36. 3.96 15.68
37. 3.96 15.68
38. 4.27 18.23
39. 4.27 18.23
40. 4.57 20.88
41. 4.57 20.88
42. 4.88 23.81
43. 4.88 23.81
44. 4.88 23.81
45. 5.18 26.83
46. 5.49 30.14
47. 5.49 30.14
48. 5.49 30.14
49. 5.49 30.14
50. 5.49 30.14
51. 5.64 31.81
52. 5.79 33.52
53. 6.1 37.21
54. 6.4 40.96
55. 7.01 49.14
56. 7.01 49.14
57. 7.47 55.80
58. 7.92 62.73
218.71 983.66

Variance

(218.71)2
983.66
2 = 58
581

= 2.79

Standard deviation

S = 2.79

= 1.67
(3) Compare the mean to the median and then comment on the shape of the distribution

Mean for one hand only throw is 3.77 while median is 3.505. This shows that the mean
value is greater that the median value. The shape of distribution will skew to the right or
positively skewed.

(4) Construct a stem-and-leaf diagram and state the shortest and longest distance. Then
interpret the distribution.

Stem-and-leaf diagram

Stem Leaf
0
1 2 2 5 5 8 8 8 8 8
2 1 1 3 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7
3 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 7 7
4 0 0 3 3 6 6 9 9 9
5 2 5 5 5 5 5 6 8
6 1 4
7 0 0 5 9
8

Stem Leaf
0
1 2 2 5 5 8 8 8 8 8
2 1 1 3 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7
3 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 7 7
4 0 0 3 3 6 6 9 9 9
5 2 5 5 5 5 5 6 8
6 1 4
7 0 0 5 9
8

The shortest = 1.2

The longest distance = 7.9
The distribution from the stem and leaf diagram shows that most data are clustered at the
left side. Therefore, the distribution is skewed to the right or can be known as positively
skewed.
 (5) From the stem-and-leaf diagram constructed in Q(4), construct a Box and Whiskers plot.
Is there any outliers in the data?

Number of observation, n=58, min= 1.2, max=7.9

1
1 = (58) = 14.5 15th observation = 2.4
4

2
2 = (58) = 29 29th observation = 3.4
4

3
3 = (58) = 43.5 44th observation = 4.9
4

Upper inner fence = Q3 + 1.5 (Q3 Q1) 2.

= 4.9 + 1.5(4.9 2.4)
= 8.65
Lower inner fence = Q1 - 1.5 (Q3 Q1)
= 2.4 - 1.5(4.9 2.4)
= -1.35

One Hand Only

Lower inner fence= -1.35 Upper inner fence= 8.65

Q1 Q2 Q3

From the box and whisker plot for one hand distribution above shows that it is positively
skewed distribution because the left whiskers is shorter than the right whiskers and the
median is nearer to Q1. There are no outlier in the data all min and max value are within
upper and inner fence.
(B) Both hands (Set 2)
(1) Calculate the mean, median, mode, first and third quartiles, interquartile range and 75 th
percentile
Number of Observation two hand only
1. 0.61
2. 0.91
3. 0.91
4. 0.91
5. 1.22
6. 1.52
7. 1.52
8. 1.52
9. 1.52
10. 1.83
11. 1.83
12. 1.83
13. 1.83
14. 1.83
15. 1.83
16. 2.13
17. 2.13
18. 2.13
19. 2.29
20. 2.44
21. 2.44
22. 2.44
23. 2.44
24. 2.74
25. 2.74
26. 2.74
27. 3.05
28. 3.05
29. 3.05
30. 3.05
31. 3.35
32. 3.35
33. 3.35
34. 3.35
35. 3.35
36. 3.66
37. 3.81
38. 3.96
39. 3.96
 40. 4.27
41. 4.27
42. 4.27
43. 4.57
44. 4.88
45. 4.88
46. 4.88
47. 5.18
48. 5.18
49. 5.18
50. 5.49
51. 5.79
52. 5.79
53. 6.1
54. 6.4
55. 6.55
56. 6.71
57. 7.01
58. 10.36
200.38

Mean
200.38
=
58

= 3.45

Median

Arrange in ascending order

0.61, 0.91, 0.91, 0.91, 1.22, 1.52, 1.52, 1.52, 1.52, 1.83, 1.83, 1.83,
1.83, 1.83, 1.83, 2.13, 2.13, 2.13, 2.29, 2.44, 2.44, 2.44, 2.44, 2.74,
2.74, 2.74, 3.05, 3.05, 3.05, 3.05, 3.35, 3.35, 3.35, 3.35, 3.35, 3.66,
3.81, 3.96, 3.96, 4.27, 4.27, 4.27, 4.57, 4.88, 4.88, 4.88, 5.18, 5.18,
5.18, 5.49, 5.79, 5.79, 6.1, 6.4, 6.55, 6.71, 7.01, 10.36
3.05+3.05
=
2

= 3.05
Mode

= 1.83

First and third quartiles

1
1 = (58) = 14.5 15th observation = 1.83
4

3
3 = (58) = 43.5 44th observation = 4.88
4

Interquartile range

IQR = 3 1

IQR = 4.88 1.83 = 3.05

75th percentile

75
75 = (58) = 43.5 44th observation = 4.88
100
(2) compute the sample variance and sample standard deviation

Number of Observation Two hand only (X)

1. 0.61 0.37
2. 0.91 0.83
3. 0.91 0.83
4. 0.91 0.83
5. 1.22 1.49
6. 1.52 2.31
7. 1.52 2.31
8. 1.52 2.31
9. 1.52 2.31
10. 1.83 3.35
11. 1.83 3.35
12. 1.83 3.35
13. 1.83 3.35
14. 1.83 3.35
15. 1.83 3.35
16. 2.13 4.54
17. 2.13 4.54
18. 2.13 4.54
19. 2.29 5.24
20. 2.44 5.95
21. 2.44 5.95
22. 2.44 5.95
23. 2.44 5.95
24. 2.74 7.51
25. 2.74 7.51
26. 2.74 7.51
27. 3.05 9.30
28. 3.05 9.30
29. 3.05 9.30
30. 3.05 9.30
31. 3.35 11.22
32. 3.35 11.22
33. 3.35 11.22
34. 3.35 11.22
35. 3.35 11.22
36. 3.66 13.40
37. 3.81 14.52
38. 3.96 15.68
39. 3.96 15.68
40. 4.27 18.23
41. 4.27 18.23
42. 4.27 18.23
 43. 4.57 20.88
44. 4.88 23.81
45. 4.88 23.81
46. 4.88 23.81
47. 5.18 26.83
48. 5.18 26.83
49. 5.18 26.83
50. 5.49 30.14
51. 5.79 33.52
52. 5.79 33.52
53. 6.1 37.21
54. 6.4 40.96
55. 6.55 42.90
56. 6.71 45.02
57. 7.01 49.14
58. 10.36 107.33
200.38 898.75

Variance

(200.38)2
898.75
2 = 58
581

= 3.62

Standard deviation

S = 3.62

= 1.90
(3) Compare the mean to the median and then comment on the shape of the distribution

Mean for both hand throw is 3.45 while median is 3.05. This shows that the mean value is
greater that the median value. The shape of distribution will skew to the right or positively
skewed.

(4) Construct a stem-and-leaf diagram and state the shortest and longest distance. Then
interpret the distribution.

Stem-and-leaf diagram

Stem Leaf
0 61 91 91 91
1 22 52 52 52 52 83 83 83 83 83 83
2 13 13 13 29 44 44 44 44 74 74 74
3 05 05 05 05 35 35 35 35 35 66 81 96 96
4 27 27 27 57 88 88 88
5 18 18 18 49 79 79
6 10 40 55 71
7 01
8
9
10 36

Stem Leaf
0 61 91 91 91
1 22 52 52 52 52 83 83 83 83 83 83
2 13 13 13 29 44 44 44 44 74 74 74
3 05 05 05 05 35 35 35 35 35 66 81 96 96
4 27 27 27 57 88 88 88
5 18 18 18 49 79 79
6 10 40 55 71
7 01
8
9
10 36
 The shortest = 0.61
The longest distance = 10.36
The distribution from the stem and leaf diagram shows that most data are clustered at the
left side. Therefore, the distribution is skewed to the right or can be known as positively
skewed.

(6) From the stem-and-leaf diagram constructed in Q(4), construct a Box and Whiskers plot.
Is there any outliers in the data?

Number of observation, n = 58, min= 0.61, max = 10.36

1
1 = (58) = 14.5 15th observation = 1.83
4

2
2 = (58) = 29 29th observation = 3.05
4

3
3 = (58) = 43.5 44th observation = 4.88
4

Upper inner fence = Q3 + 1.5 (Q3 Q1)

= 4.9 + 1.5(4.9 1.9)
= 9.4
Lower inner fence = Q1 - 1.5 (Q3 Q1)
= 1.9 - 1.5(4.9 1.9)
= -2.6

Both Hands
Lower inner fence= -2.6 Upper inner fence= 9.4

Outlier

Q1 Q2 Q3
From the box and whisker plot for both hand distribution above shows that it is positively
skewed distribution because the left whiskers is shorter than the right whiskers and the
median is nearer to Q1. In this box and whisker plot there are outlier as 10.36 exceeding the
upper inner fence.