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p-Block Elements: Key Reactions and Properties

This document contains summaries of key points from a chapter on p-block elements: 1) SO2 molecules contain two double bonds between sulfur and oxygen atoms formed by sp2 hybridization and p-orbital overlap, with one additional π bond formed between sulfur's d-orbital and oxygen's p-orbital. 2) Drying agents like H2SO4 and P2O5 react with ammonia and cannot be used to dry it. Calcium chloride also forms a complex with ammonia. 3) Metal fluorides are most soluble in water due to their high ionic character, while metal iodides are least soluble due to lower ionic character, from most to least

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71 views1 page

p-Block Elements: Key Reactions and Properties

This document contains summaries of key points from a chapter on p-block elements: 1) SO2 molecules contain two double bonds between sulfur and oxygen atoms formed by sp2 hybridization and p-orbital overlap, with one additional π bond formed between sulfur's d-orbital and oxygen's p-orbital. 2) Drying agents like H2SO4 and P2O5 react with ammonia and cannot be used to dry it. Calcium chloride also forms a complex with ammonia. 3) Metal fluorides are most soluble in water due to their high ionic character, while metal iodides are least soluble due to lower ionic character, from most to least

Uploaded by

shamsul amin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

07

Target Publications Pvt. Ltd.


pBlockElements Chapter 07: p-Block Elements

6. In SO2 molecule, two oxygen atoms are attached to central sulphur atom through two double bonds.
bonds are formed by overlap of sp2 hybrid orbital of sulphur with p-orbital of oxygen. One bond is
formed by overlap of p-orbital of sulphur with p-orbital of oxygen. Another bond is formed by overlap of
d-orbital of S with p-orbital of O.
9. Moist ammonia is dried by passing over quick lime(CaO). Ammonia reacts with drying agents like H2SO4
and P2O5 to form salts. It also forms a complex (CaCl2.8NH3) with CaCl2. Hence, these drying agents (i.e.,
H2SO4, P2O5 and CaCl2) cannot be used for drying of ammonia.
12. More ionic the compound more it is soluble in water. Metal fluorides are most ionic and metal iodides are
least ionic. The decreasing order of the ionic character of the MX bond in metal halides is:
MF > MCl > MBr > MI. Hence AgI, which is a metal iodide, is insoluble in water.
13. Reducing character follows the order
HI > HBr > HCl > HF
14. Disproportionation reaction is one in which an atom gets both oxidised and reduced.
0
3 +1
P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O PH3 + 3NaH2PO2
White Sodium Phosphine Sodium
phosphorus hydroxide hypophosphite

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