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NAME : PUTRI PIDASARI MENDROFA

CLASS/SEMESTER : C/2 (SECOND)
DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM
SUBJECT : SPEAKING PRACTICE
NIM : 152108073
LECTURER : MARIA SEPNIAWATI HULU, M.Pd

INSTITUTE OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION OF

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 IKIP GUNUNGSITOLI
FACULITY OF LANGUAGES AND ART EDUCATION

PREFACE
First at all, give thanks for Gods love and grace for us.

Thanks to God for helping me and give me chance to finish this assignment timely entited Story
and History. And I would like to say thank you to Maria S. Hulu S.Pd as the lecturer that always teacher
us and give much knowledge about how to practice English well.

This paper discusses those relating to the story ang history. Of the manufacture of tis paper is
very far from perfect. Therefore I apologized profusely and I said thank you.

Gunungsitoli, Mey 2016

Author,

PUTRI PIDASARI MENDROFA

NIM.152108073

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1.DEFENITION OF STORY
Two Definitions of Story:
So heres a definition. A story consists of:

1. Facts. These are the atoms the story is made of. And theyre typically related and
coherent, not just randomly thrown together.
2. Causal relationships. These tie the facts together. Now its important not to get
hung up here on the exact causal mechanisms: causation can be implied, it can be
hypothesized, it can be claimed. But causal relationships are crucial for a story to
work in other words: in a story, everything happens for a reason.
3. Narrative sequence. The actual telling of a story puts the facts and their
interactions into some sequence. That sequence does not have to mirror the temporal
ordering of the facts, in fact many stories are told out of order. But no matter the
order the story is told in, the temporal and causal direction must always be clear.

Now that may seem very theoretic, but once you start looking at actual stories, you will
find these elements everywhere. And they do apply to well-crafted stories about data just
as they apply to traditional stories about people.

Here is another attempt, this time looking at what a story does, rather than what it is. A
story

1. ties facts together. There is a reason why this particular collection of facts is in this
story, and the story gives you that reason.
2. provides a narrative path through those facts. In other words, it guides the
viewer/reader through the world, rather than just throwing them in there.
3. presents a particular interpretation of those facts. A story is always a particular
path through a world, so it favors one way of seeing things over all others.

Stories in Visualization:

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 Now that may seem very theoretic, but once you start looking at actual stories, you will
find these elements everywhere. And they do apply to well-crafted stories about data just
as they apply to traditional stories about people.

Here is another attempt, this time looking at what a story does, rather than what it is. A
story

1. ties facts together. There is a reason why this particular collection of facts is in this
story, and the story gives you that reason.
2. provides a narrative path through those facts. In other words, it guides the
viewer/reader through the world, rather than just throwing them in there.
3. presents a particular interpretation of those facts. A story is always a particular
path through a world, so it favors one way of seeing things over all others.

2.The Six Kinds of Stories

What qualities earn you the right to influence this person? Tell of a time/place/event that
provides evidence that you have these qualities. Reveal who you are, as a person. Do you
have kids? What were you like as a kid? What did your parents teach you? What did you
learn in your first job? Get personal. People need to know who you are before they can
trust you.

How
Your first step developing your Who I Am story is to answer the questions: Who are
you? What makes you special? What earns you the right to influence? Everyone has gifts.
What are yours? Are you compassionate, reliable, honest, and diplomatic (not usually the
same person)? What quality do you have that earns you the right to influence others? Once
you have listed two or three of your best qualities, go find a story from one of the four
buckets.

When
When you have several Who I Am stories that are three minutes or less you can use
them at the beginning of any presentation even a presentation to people who know you.
Strangers are wary by nature but co-workers/clients/peers also may secretly believe a story
about you that is not very flattering. Anytime you suspect someone has secret suspicions
about your motivations or agenda, set them straight early with a who I am story. This
allows them to come to their own conclusion: Hey, this is a good person. Ill listen.

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If you wish to influence, regardless of your objective, you are asking for a persons time,
money, or resources. We were taught in Sales 101 that answering the WIIFM Whats
In It for ME? should be first. And yes, people certainly need to know whats in it for
them. However people dont really relax and listen until they are satisfied that they know
whats in it for YOU.

If your audience is running a story that you want their cooperation only to meet your
needs, they immediately discredit your facts as biased. Keep it short, but explain the big
picture about why you are investing your time with them on this matter.

How
Finding a story can be hard, because the rush of daily life makes us forget. We wonder,
Why did I do this to myself? So, carve out enough time to relax a minute and look out a
window. Think about the last time someone pulled you aside to say thank you. Think
about why you went the extra mile and that is a story. When did you choose this job, what
was going on and why did you choose it? That is a story. List some of the reasons you do
what you do. Tell this person what you get out of it besides money or if it is just about
the money own it and show how they benefit as well. Then look in any of the four buckets
for a story.

When
Use a why I am here story in a presentation or a conversation when you are asking for
something big. Be transparent because if you tell a why Im here story that isnt true, it
probably will do more damage than good. It may be tempting to tell a story of motivations
you aspire to but dig deeper and you will find genuine motivations that better connect
with all the other imperfect people in the room.

People abhor users. In social psychology experiments, a freeloader (someone getting

more than their fair share) is so unpopular a group will go to extra expense to place
penalties on users. Fair means different things to different people and without a Why I
am here story you never know who might think you are just in it for yourself. (You may
want to read the article Building Trust Seven Stories High) Whenever you enter a
culture of have nots, and you are one of the haves you will need to tell several why I
am here stories. This earns you the chance to prove your stories are true by your actions.

An exciting future story reframes present difficulties as worth it. Big projects and new
challenges can be difficult and frustrating particularly for people who werent in on the

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decision-making process. Without a vision, meaningless frustrations suck the life energy
out of a group. With an engaging vision huge obstacles shrink to small irritants on the path
to a worthwhile goal. (Note: Vision stories that promise more than they deliver do more
damage than good. So be careful.)

How
A lot of people mess up vision stories by using numbers and dates. Numbers and dates are
the language of goals and objectives. A vision story is metaphorical. It is very specific
and uses sensory detail in order to be universal in emotional appeal (yeah, I know that is a
paradox). Martin Luther Kings paraphrase of Amos 5:24 and we will not be satisfied
until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. Now
THAT is a vision. Emotions come from sensory detail, not numbers or dates. For vision
stories we use the four buckets a little differently:

A time you prevailed: Think of a similar situation when you surmounted similar
obstacles.
A time you gave up: When did you let an opportunity pass?
A mentors or a historical allegory of perseverance: Every problem under the sun,
has been faced before by someone else prevailed. Profile a biography, company,
political movement, or historical event and make it yours. This kind of story is
useful as a vision and may deliver creative ideas for new strategies.
A book or movie about achieving a vision: Any movie with a team or hero
overcoming insurmountable obstacles work. Pull your story from two to three
scenes fully described. I dont know anything about copyright laws, but video nights
with popcorn might be fun. Think about movies where sports teams came from
behind or the underdog winswhatever fits.

When
Beginning a start-up requires a powerful vision story. The vision can be woven into daily
life with reminders: nicknames, jargon, regular events, and annual awards. If you avoid
corny, and keep it fun the vision stays meaningful and relevant.

Any group with low morale needs a vision story accompanied with visible action that
proves it is not just talk. Take care of the basics before you do any silly stuff. Once the
basics of walking your talk are covered you can weave a book or movie in with fun
activities. For instance if you used the movie Cars you might hold car races (with small
remote control cars) every Friday afternoon for the best parking space and only the three
top performers, best rated, whatever, get to race.

Values are subjective. Integrity may mean doing what your boss tells you to do, or saying
no even if it costs your job. This is why the only way to communicate a value is by

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example (best), or with a story (2nd best). The word integrity is abstract and tossed
around so much people pretend they have communicated. Nothing is communicated if no
one knows what you mean when you say integrity. If you want to encourage or teach a
value a story provides a demonstration by showing in the theatre of your listeners mind
what that value means, behaviorally.

How
These stories can feel forcedbut the payoff is worth the effort. It has become a status
symbol to be cynical so by all means dont damage your cool reputation, but pretend no
one is looking and think about the core values that drive your decision making.
Dedication? Compassion?

It takes discipline to consciously tell stories that build values like trust, loyalty, generosity,
and excellence into our lives. It also requires a support system. You need someone to
listen to your stories of disappointment so you can process those feelings and move past
them. Emotions buried alive dont die; they just hijack your communication the next time
you run across a good listener or a captive audience.

Hypothetical situations sound hypocritical and preachy. Be specific.

When
We are designed to give extra attention to caution stories of broken promises, exploitation,
and betrayal so we can stay safe and avoid repeating the same mistakes. Unfortunately
with so little time to think these days, warning stories usurp positive value-in-action
stories. If you want to build certain values in your organizations you need to make time for
intentionally positive value-in-action stories. Otherwise the war stories win and the people
around you lean towards feeling cynical, sarcastic and apathetic.

If your organization has core values, you need a story for each value to roll out at every
opportunity you find. If you have enough authority and trust, you can begin to start staff
meetings with core value-in-action story reports everyone brings a story to illustrate the
value emphasized for this week/month. (Benjamin Franklin worked on one virtue each
week, while grading himself on all thirteen.)

Certain lessons are best learned from experience but much of the time you cant
manufacture an experience for someone. When the experience of failure is too expensive
or disastrous to endure story can simulate an experience so a learner can vicariously live
the moments before, during, and after an event in the theater of his or her own mind.

Other lessons, like patience are rarely learned once and for all.We have to learn these
lessons again and again on a regular basis. And posters on the wall dont cut it. If someone

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is being impatient, telling them to be more patient is not going to get good results. Better
to tell a story of patience in a pace and with timing that demonstrates its rewards. Chances
are a story will work better than advice. Discipline, humility, respect, cleaning upthese
skills need role models and stories to help learners develop the habits you seek.

How
At its best, a teaching story transports your listener into an experience that lets him or
her see, smell, taste, touch, hear, and feel a real situation in all its ambiguity, time
pressures and real life issues. It imprints into the listeners mind a never do this or this is
how it is done memory that can equal a true experience. A teaching story is a no-risk
demonstrationa trial run by imagination.

Identify a few basic tasks you would like to see improved. Delete anyone you have a bad
relationship with. Go back to Who I am, Why I am here, develop a good relationship and
then worry about correcting their mistakes.

Consider the deliverables of a good job and move back upstream to consider what they
must actually do to deliver excellent results. Consider ambiguous situations where you
imagine that staff might need to come up with creative solutions. One idea is to simply list
your top five pet peeves.

When
Timing is important with teaching stories. By definition, teaching methods should create
good performance and avoid things like hurt feelings, conflicts, wasted time or outright
disasters. A good time to tell a teaching story is before anything has gone wrong. Training
classes should be filled with teaching stories.

People like to stay safe. Many times they have already made up their mind, with specific
objections to the ideas you bring. They stop you before your presentation and tell you,
We talked about this at dinner last night and we dont like it, but they might be thinking
it. It doesnt matter that they made their decision on a distorted version of the facts. They
may just like the idea that todays meeting will be short and they get to go home early
because everyone has already dismissed your idea.
It is a trust-building surprise for you to give voice to their secret suspicions in a story that
first validates and then dispels these objections without sounding defensive. It gets their
attention that you know more than they thought you didand earns you the benefit of the
doubt that you may know other things they dont know.

How
Humans hunger for validation. The first rule of an I Know What You Are Thinking

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 story is that you frame their objective as completely rational and understandable. It doesnt
cost you a thing.

Most of the time, it doesnt even require research. In most circumstances you already
know what secret objections your listeners hold against your point of view. New ideas
naturally activate contrary forces, if only from the inertia of the status quo.

The magic of I know what you are thinking stories is like any magicit requires some
preparation, a deeper understanding of how human attention operates, and practice. First
you validate and then you contrast the objection by reframing it. (Ex: In a black
community I may say, You know how white people are its all about us. Well thats
still true but Ive been trained up, working in other communities to see ways that I used to
show disrespect, but Im still not there so Ill will falter and Ill need your help. Will you
help me?)

It might help to pretend to be group you seek to influence and complete the sentence on
their behalf What I hate about this is. That should show you the objections you need
to overcome.

When
It is much easier to overcome an objection before it hardens into a position. An I Know
What You Are Thinking story overcomes objections when they are still softmerely a
sneaking suspicion. You dont have to read minds. Unspoken objections are easy to
anticipate, particularly if you research your audiences point of view. The minute you
smell the strong odor of an objection, you may want to use an I Know What You Are
Thinking story.

NARATIVE
1.DEFENITION OF NARATIVE
Narative is some of the text just to telling about something imaginatif or
fantasy,to amusing everyone ( reader ).

2.kinds of narative
1. fables
2. fairy stories
3. mysteries
4. science fiction

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5. romances
6. horror stories
7. legends
8. historical narratives
9. personal experience
10. ballads 11.Parables

3.generic structure of narative

a. Orientation
introduction what is the story about, who is the participant, where is the place setting,and
when is the time setting.

b. Complication or Problem
- Natural Conflict
- Social Conflict
- Psychological Conflict
c. Resolution
it is a conclusion.in narative have two ending that is : happy ending and sad ending.
d. Re-Orientation

LEGEND
o DEFENITION
Legend (Latin : legenda, "things to be read") is a narrative of human actions that are perceived
both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that
give the tale verisimilitude. Legend, for its active and passive participants, includes no happenings
that are outside the realm of "possibility" but which may include miracles. Legends may be
transformed over time, in order to keep it fresh and vital, and realistic. Many legends operate
within the realm of uncertainty, never being entirely believed by the participants, but also never
being resolutely doubted.

o STORY OF LEGEND
1.The Legend Of Batu Raden

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 Once upon a time, there was a peaceful kingdom in central java. The king of the
kingdom was very kind and gentle. He had a beautiful daughter who he loved so much. The
king also had great horses that he even asked a servant, named Suta to take care of them
intensively.

Suta was a good servant, he did a great duty for king's horses and the king appreciated
his great duty. His duty is to look after the king's horses, gave them food, clean the horses
and their mews. Suta liked to take a walk after doing his chores to relax for a while.

One day, when Suta was walking near a lake after doing his chores, he heard a woman
screaming. So, Suta hurried to find the source of the scream. Finally, he found a girl there,
who later figured out as king's daughter. He saw the king's daughter in danger. There was a
giant snake about to attack her.

Suta was afraid, but he also worried about the princess. So he took a big stick and hit the
snake on its head. The snake was fallen down in pain and finally died. "Thank you, Suta.
You've saved my life," said the princess."No needed for that princess. It's my duty as your
father's servant to help you." Suta replied"Would you be my friend, Suta. Because I don't
have any friend." the princess asked. "Of course my princess, I will be your friend and
always take care of you." Suta answered.

Since that day, Suta and the princess became good friends. They even fallen in love
each other. So, the princess told Suta to go to her father and asked his permission to marry
her. But the king had already heard about their plan. The king was furious to hear about that
so he asked the princess to meet him.

"My lovely daughter, I have already known about your plan. Suta is just a servant while
you are my daughter, the princess. It is unacceptable for you to marry a servant." said the
king. "But I love her, and he also love me. You know, he is the one who help me out there."
the princess said. "No, you will not marry him. I will not allow that things happen." The
king said.

The princess was sad to hear her father's answer, especially after her father put Suta in
jail for having the nerve to ask the princess to marry him. In jail, Suta was not given
anything to eat or drink.

Hearing about that, the princess made a plan to break Suta out of jail. They succeed and

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run far away for the kingdom. They rested near the river. There, they got married and
started a family.

The place where Suta and the princess raised their family was called Baturraden. Batur
means servant while Raden means noble. Nowadays, Baturaden is very interesting tourism
spot. It's located at the foothill of Mount Slamet in Purwokerto, Central Java.

2.THE LEGEND OF MAJALENGKA

Once upon a time, there was a queen of Panyidagan Kingdom, Ratu Ayu Panyidagan.
The queen was beautiful and wise and she led the kingdom peacefully. The people love
her so much, because of her wisdom, and her beautiful. Many men from other kingdoms
fell in love with her. However, the queen was not interested in them. Actually the queen
was restless. She wanted to get married and have a baby soon. She wanted her child to be
the next leader. She was still waiting for the right man.

The queen had a dream, there was a handsome man came to the kingdom however a
disaster came along with the arrival. The queen asked her advisers to interpret her dream.
The advisers asked the soldiers to guard the border of the kingdom.

Fortunately, there was a big river at the border. People had to cross the river if they
wanted to enter the border of the kingdom. The soldiers were standing by to monitor
anyone crossing the river.

Days and nights the soldiers were standing by the river. And one day, they saw a man
was rowing a raft. And when the man arrived, the soldiers asked him.

"Who are you? What business does make you come here?" Said the soldiers.

"I came from Cirebon Kingdom. My king asked me to meet your queen." Replied the man.

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 The soldiers did not want to take a risk. They asked the man to return and go back
home. However the man refused and the fight between them was unstoppable.

The man had great skills in martial arts. He was able to defeat the soldiers. One soldier
escaped to tell the queen that there was a man came to the palace. The whole soldiers were
protecting the queen. But the queen asked them to welcome the man. She was really
curious why he was sent to meet her. Later the man arrived the palace. He talked to the
queen politely.

"Your majesty, I'm here because my king sent me. Our kingdom is in great problem.
People are suffering from strange illness. They were dying and many of them have died.
The medicine to cure the illness is maja fruit that grown in your kingdom. Therefore I
would like to have your kindness to give me some."

The queen was silent. She was thinking very hard. She was not thinking whether she
would give the fruits or not. It was not a problem for her. There were a lot of maja fruit
trees in her kingdom. Giving some of the fruits would not be a problem.

However, she was thinking something else. She was thinking how handsome the man
was. He was also powerful. He was able to defeat the soldiers. And he was also very loyal
to his kingdom.

The queen than said,"You can get maja fruits as many as you like. But there is one
condition. You have to marry me."I'm sorry, Your Majesty. I cannot do that. I cannot
marry you. I've married and have a wife," said the man.

The queen was angry. She asked the soldiers to put the man in the jail. This time the
man could not win the fight. There were too many soldiers fighting him.

Not long after the man was in the jail, rain fell down heavily. People were only
staying in their houses. And in the morning, sun was shining brightly, suddenly people
were screaming.

"The palace is gone! The queen is gone!"

Other people were also screaming, "Maja langka! Maja Langka! (Maja fruit trees is gone)"

People were very confused. They did not know why the palace, the queen and the
maja fruits suddenly disappeared. Some people believed the man from Cirebon did that.
They kept on talking about that and later they named the place as "Majalangka".

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3.THE LEGEND OF CIANJUR

Once upon a time, there was a farmer named Pak Pelit. Pak Pelit was the head of the
village and he was also the richest man there. He owned alot of paddy fields. All the
villagers worked as farmers for him, because they did not have their own paddy fields.

The villagers called him Pak Pelit because he was very stingy and selfish. What did
Pak Pelit think was only his belonging and his wealthy. Pak Pelit had a son, his name was
Budiman. Unlike Pak Pelit, Budiman was very generous to the villager. That's why people
called him Budiman.

It was harvest time. According to their belief, the villagers had to hold a party to
welcome the harvest. If not, the harvest would fail. They would not have good rice. The
farmers then asked Pak Pelit to hold a party. At first Pak Pelit didn't agree. But he was
afraid, he would not get good rice.

Then they had a party. Suddenly an old woman came and asked for some food.
Budiman saw her, then he secretly took some food and gave it to the old woman. Because
if Pak Pelit knew that Budiman gave some food to people, Pak Pelit would be angry.

Nobody knew that the old woman had a supernatural power. She then stamped her
foot on the ground .The place where the old woman stamped up, slowly water came out.
More and more water came out. Budiman asked his father to saved himself. But Pak Pelit
didn't want to do it. He wanted to save his belongings first. Budiman then asked the
villagers to go to the higher ground.

Water was now high. Pak Pelit and his belongings were down in the water. Budiman
and the villagers were sad. Their village now gone and became a lake. Budiman suggested
the villagers to live their new place. He also suggested the people to use the water in the
lake as source of the irrigation for their paddy fields.

The farmers worked hard for. They produced rice with good quality. More and more

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people came and live there. The village now became a town. They called it Cianjur. Ci
means water and anjur means suggestion. The villagers were thankful to Budiman's
suggestion.

4.THE LEGEND OF Ki SEMAR & SLAMET

MOUNTAIN

A long time ago, there was a mountain in central java, named Slamet Mountain.
Slamet Mountain was very high, so high until it could reach the sky. People believed that
men could take the stars if they climbed on top of the mountain. But no one dared to go
there.

People were afraid that the gods would be angry if they took the stars. However, the
beauty of the stars made some monkeys led by their king dared to go to the top of the
mountain. They went there and tried take some stars.

Batara Guru, the leader of the gods, knew the monkeys intention.
He quickly held a meeting to prevent the monkeys took some stars. He invited
Batara Narada, Batara Brama, Batara Bayu, and others. In their meeting, Batara Narada
had an idea how to stop the monkeys. They would ask Ki Semar to help them.

Ki Semar was actually one of the gods. But Ki Semar did not live in heaven. He lived
on earth with his children; Gareng, Petruk, and Bagong. Ki Semar had a great supernatural
power. He could cut the top of the mountain easily. But first, he wanted to give a lesson to
the naughty monkeys, so they did not try to take some stars again. They had to be
punished for trying to steal the stars. He then set a plan with his children to trap the
monkeys.

Gareng then went to the top of the mountain. He had to attract the monkeys to go down
by giving them some bananas. It worked! The monkeys followed Gareng. After the
monkeys left the top of the mountain, Ki Semar immediately cut the top of the mountain
then he threw the biggest part to Cirebon. It became Ceremai Mountain and the small parts
became small mountains, like Clirit Mountain, Tapak Mountain, and others.

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 In the foothill, Petruk was ready with some hot water. He planned to pour the hot water
over the monkeys. He waited for the monkeys but they never came to him. He did not
know that while the monkeys chased Gareng, they met a giant dragon. The monkeys had a
fight with the dragon. It was so terrible that both the monkeys and the dragon finally died.

Because of tired waiting for the monkeys, Petruk then left the place. He did not bring
his hot water and left it there. People then named the place as Guci. It is about 50
kilometers from Tegal, Central Java. It is famous for its hot water.

5. THE LEGEND OF SENDANG SANI

Once upon a time, Sunan Kalijaga planned to visit Sunan Muria in Pati, Central Java.
He asked his friend, Ki Rangga, to accompany him to go to Sunan Muria's house. Ki
Rangga also asked several servants to join them to carry their luggage. And they began to
their journey to Sunan Muria's house. Several hours later, Ki Rangga and his servents felt
tired and thirsty.
Huffh, what a hard day", murmured Ki Rangga. "Is there anything wrong, Ki Rangga?"
Asked Sunan Kalijaga. "Are we still far from Sunan Murias house? Asked Ki Rangga to
Sunan Kalijaga.

We are already in Kadipaten Pati Pesantenan. We will arrive at Sunan Murias house
shortly. Please be patient. Sunan Kalijaga replied. Ki Rangga was embarrassed to walk
together with Sunan Kalijaga. It is because Sunan Kalijaga did not even look tired or
thirsty. Whan the time of Zuhur pray (noon pray) came, Sunan Kalijaga asked Ki Rangga
and his servants to take a rest under a big tree. Sunan Kalijaga also asked them to take
'wudu' to pray. But there was no water there for them to clean up or wudu. Ki Rangga was
confused. I dont see any water nearby. Where should we take 'wudu'? Ki Rangga asked.

Sunan Kalijaga only smiled and said, We shall pray to Allah SWT for water. Now
you must guard this big tree, because it may bring water to us. But promise me that you
must inform me when the water comes out. I will be behind that hill.

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 Ki Rangga promised Sunan Kalijaga to inform him when water came out. So Sunan
Kalijaga went behind the hill and Ki Rangga with his servants sat under the big tree. They
quickly fell asleep.

Suddenly water came out of the big tree. Ki Rangga and his servants became wet. They
woke up. They were very happy to see the water because they were very tired and thirsty.
They drank and played in the water. Ki Rangga forgot his promise to inform Sunan
Kalijaga when the water came out.

Behind the hill, Sunan Kalijaga was worried. So he went to the big tree. He was
surprised to see Ki Rangga and his servants were playing in the water.You forgot my
massage to inform me when the water comes out. Instead, you are playing in the water like
a turtle, said Sunan Kalijaga, softly.

A miracle happened. Ki Rangga and his servants turned into turtles. Ki Rangga was so
sad that He changed into turtles because he did not keep his promise. The water formed a
pond. It is now called Sendang Sani, in Pati, Central Java.

6.THE LEGEND OF TELAGA WARNA

Long time ago, there was a kingdom in West Java called Kutatanggeuhan.
Kutatanggeuhan was a peaceful kingdom. People live in peace and prosperity as led by the
wise king, Suwartalaya Kuttanggeuhan and his queen, Ratu Purbamanah. However, after
married for a long time, they had not been given any children yet. The king and the queen
were sad and lonely. They were also afraid that they had not any successor that will replace
them to lead the kingdom in the future. The king had no idea what to do.

After long thought, the king decided to go to jungle to find a quiet place to mediate. He
wanted to pray to Almighty God for getting an offspring. After few days of mediating, King
Suwartalaya suddenly heard a voice.

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 Stop your meditation, my king. So, you want a child. Will you love him or her if you
get one? The voice said.

Yes, my lord. I want a child so he or she can be my successor to lead the kingdom. Yes,
my lord, I will love my child. I will always, my lord. The king replied. Go home, then.
The voice continued.

The king then went home immediately to meet his queen. He told everything to his
queen. And few weeks later, the queen was pregnant. They had never been so happy before.
After nine months of pregnancy, the queen delivered a beautiful baby girl which later named
as Rukmini Gilang. The king and the king were so happy that finally they had a child. The
people of the kingdom were happy too. After waiting for a long time, they finally had a
princess. To celebrate the new born princess, the king held a party and invited all the people
in the kingdom to join.

Several years had passed, the princess Rukmini Gilang grew to be a very beautiful girl.
The king and the queen spoiled the princess so much. They gave everything that the princess
wanted. It made the princess had a bad attitude. However, the king, the queen and the people
of the kingdom still loved her. They hope one day the princess temperament would change.

In few weeks, Princess Rukmini Gilang would turn to be seventeen years old. As usual,
when princess birthday come, people of the kingdom would busy to prepare the party, the
big one. They prepared all things, the foods, the entertainments, and the presents. And for
this birthday presents, the people of the kingdom collected some beautiful gems. They
planned to give those beautiful gems to the best goldsmith in the kingdom to make a very
beautiful necklace. They intended to present the necklace as the birthday gift for the princess
in her seventeenth with hope that the princess would happily accepted it.

Finally a long-awaited day came. The people of the kingdom gathered in the courtyard
to celebrate princess birthday. All things were set, the foods, the entertainments, and of
course the necklace. It was a big and beautiful party. People of the kingdom are so happy to
see that their beloved princess was now seventeen. Finally, the king and the queen, alongside
with the princess came. The people of the kingdom were so fascinating to see the princess
that grew even more beautiful than before.

Now is the time for people of the kingdom to present their special gift for the princess.
They handed a well-craft wooden box with a very beautiful necklace inside to the king. King
Suwartalaya opened the box and pulled out the beautiful necklace that gleam various colors.
It was so lovely necklace. Then king Suwartalaya gave it to the princess Rukmini Gilang.
Princess Rukmini Gilang only stared on it. It seemed that she was not interested on it. Come
on my daughter, wear this lovely necklace. Do not fail the people of the kingdom who give
it to you. They love you so much. They will be happy if you wear this necklace. The king
asked.What?? You said this necklace is beautiful? Are you blind? This is the ugliest
necklace I have ever seen. I dont want to wear it. The princess shouted.

19
 She slammed the necklace to the ground till it shattered. The king, the queen, and the
people of the kingdom stood in silent witnessing their beloved princess like that. Tears began
to come down from the queens eyes. She was so sad to see her daughters behavior. The
king and the people of the kingdom were also sad. They cried until their tears flooded the
palace. Suddenly, a big water came from the ground where the shattered necklace lied. The
water flooded the palace as well as the kingdom until it sank and created a lake.
Right now, we can still sew the lake. The lake is located in Puncak, West Java. The
lake is well known as Telaga Warna because we can see various colors in the surface. People
believe that those colors come from the shattered-necklace that the princess Rukmini Gilang
thrown away in the ground.

Moral of the story: love to ones who love you with appreciate their effort.

7.The Legend of Karang Bolong Beach

Once upon a time, there was a peaceful kingdom of Kertasura. However, the king was so
sad because his wife was in a terrible ill. The king would do anything to see his wife well
again. He had called all physicians in his kingdom, but none of them were capable to cure
the disease. The queens condition got worst day by day. She was so skinny and helpless.

The queens condition made the king worried so much. His anxiousness not only affected
himself but also the people of the kingdom. The government was not running as it should
be. When it came to the prosperity of the people of the kingdom, an advisor should take an
action to advice the king to solve the problem. "My lord, I think it will be better if you find
a quiet place to pray to the almighty God for the queens healthy. " said advisor to the palace.

The next day, the king left the palace and go to the quiet place to do a meditation. It was
not easy since there were many temptations during the meditation. However, the king could
surpass all of them. One night during his meditation the king heard a voice. Stop your
meditation. If you want to cure the queen, you must take a flower reef in Pantai Selatan
(Southern Beach of Java). Later, the king immediately return to the palace and asked his

20
advisor about the voice he heard. Pantai Selatan is so spacious. However, I am sure the
place that voice says is in Karang Bolong region. There are many caves in which coral reefs
grow. I think, your majesty could find the flower reef there, said the advisor with
confidence.

Not long after that, the king asked his loyal servent, Adipati Surti to go to Karang Bolong
region to find the flower reef. Adipati Surti did not go alone. He was accompanied by two
loyal companions, Sanglar and Sanglur. After a few days of walking, they finally arrived in
Karang Bolong region. In there, they found a cave. Adipati Surti immediately do meditation
in the cave. After several days, Adipati Surti heard someone's voice. "Stop your meditation.
I will grant your wish, but you must first meet my terms." Adipati Surti opened his eyes,
and saw a beautiful girl like a goddess from heaven in front of him. The beautiful girl named
Suryawati. She was a massager of Nyi Loro Kidul, a master of the southern sea.

The term that proposed by Surawati was that Adipati Surti must be willing to stay with
her in the Southern Sea with her. After long thought, Adipati Surti agreed Suryawatis terms.
Shortly after that, Suryawati took Adipati Surtis hand to show where flower reef was.
When Adipati Surtis hand touched Suryawatis, Adipati Surti felt his soul flew away with
Suryawati while their body stayed still in the ground.

Those are the reef flower, said Suryawati pointing at swallow nests. You can cure
the queens illness by consuming those reef flowers as herb, Suryawati explained. After
his soul back to his body, Adipati Surti immediately took quite a lot of swallows nests.
After that, he was back to the palace with his two servants.

In the palace, the king was very happy to see Adipati Surti returned with herbs that could
help his queen. Adipati Surti told everything about what happened to him and how to cure
queens illness. After consuming swallow nests for several day, the queen began to regain
her health. The king was so happy that he intended to give everything that Adipati Surti
asked. However, Adipati Surti remembered his promise to Suryawati. He did not want to
break a promise. Adipati Surti thanked the king about everything, but he must go back to
Karang Bolong as he promised.

The king is sad that he could not repay Adipati Surtis debt of bringing his queen back.
Adipati Surti also was a good, humble, and loyal. However, the king must let Adipati Surti
go. Sanglar and Sanglur also wanted to go too. They did not want to see their master go
alone. Again Adipati Surti and his two loyal servants went to Karang Bolong region once
more. As they arrived at Karang Bolong, they made a simple house. Onceit was completed,
Adipati Surti meditated. Not long after that, his soul separated from the body and met
Suryawati. "I came back to fulfill my promise," said Adipati Surti. Then, Adipati Surti and
Suryawti married and lived happily in Karang Bolong.

8.THE LEGEND OF CRYING STONE

21
 Once upon a time, there was an old widow who lived in a small house on the top of a
hill with her beautiful daughter. The old widow is so poor that she must work hard every
day. She collected dry woods in the jungle and sold them in the market once a week. She
wanted to make her daughter happy so she worked harder and harder every single day.

The girl, the old widows daughter, was surely beautiful. Every man could easily fall
in love if they saw her face. Unfortunately she had a very bad attitude. The girl was very
lazy and never helped her mother. Every day she just primped and looked at the mirror to
admire her own beauty. She was also spoiled girl. All of his requests must be obeyed even
though her mother was poor old lady.

Like usual, in every week end, the old widow went down to the market to sell dry
woods. This time, her daughter wanted to go with her too. She wanted to buy new clothes.
The old widow was happy to see her own daughter went with her together to the market.
The old widow also planned to use the money she got from selling the wood to buy new
clothes for her daughter. She was truly wanted to see her daughter happy.

The market was so far from their house. They should walk down the hill and pass a
village. The girl wore nice clothes and dress up so the people who saw her will be
admiring her beauty. In contrary, her mother wore dirty clothes with a basket full of dry
wood on her back. She wanted that her mother to walk behind her so that people would
think that she was not her mother. The girl cannot accept if people in the village know that
the old widow was her mother. Indeed, none know that the girl and the old widow were
mother and daughter because they lived alone on the top of hill.

When they began to enter the village, all the people who passed by were looking at
them. They were so fascinated by the beauty of the girl. They could not resist to look at
her beautiful face. However, when people saw an old lady who walked behind her, it was
so contrastive. It made people to wonder who the old dirty lady behind her was. Among
those who saw it, a young man approached and asked her, "Hey, pretty girl. Is that your
mother behind you? "No," the girl said arrogantly. "She is my servant!"

The old lady could understand why her own daughter said so. She only blamed herself
that she could not be the mother that her daughter wanted. The old lady only kept silent

22
and continued the journey. Not far away from there, a young man approached again and
asked the girl the same question.

"Hi sweetheart. Is it your mother who walks behind you? "

Again the girl rejected the fact by saying no the old widow was her mother. "No, no,
she is not my mother," said the girl. "She is my slave!"

The same questions continued repeatedly several times. And the girl always answered
the questions by telling that the old widow was not her mother. The first, second, and the
third ones, the old widow could accept it. However when it went along several times, it
made the old widow sad. It hurt the old lady so much that her own daughter did not admit
that she was her mother. The silent turned to sadness. The sadness turned to madness. And
when a mother was mad, a bad thing would follow. Finally, the poor old widow cannot
resist anymore. The old widow prayed to the God to punish her rebellious daughter.

"Oh my God, I was not able to resist this insult. How come my own daughter treat her
own mother like this. Yes, God punish this rebellious child! Punish her.... "

On the power of God Almighty, slowly her body was turned to stone. The change starts
from the feet. When the change has reached half of the body, the girl was crying asking
forgiveness to her mother.

"Oh, my mother, please forgive me. Forgive what I have done to you. Please, mother. I
will change, mother. Please forgive your daughter, your only daughter," cry the girl.

The girl continued to wail and cry pleading with his mother. However, everything was
too late. The whole body of the girl was eventually turned into stone. Even when she
turned into stone, people still can see the tears. The stone cries. Therefore, people begin to
call it "Crying Stone or Batu Menangis".
Moral of the story: love and respect your mother as she does to you.

9.THE LEGEND OF SURABAYA

23
 Once upon a time in the Java Sea, there lived two beasts were equally strong and arrogant.
Both of these animals were a shark and a crocodile. Because they livee side by side, between
the shark and the crocodile often had a fight for foods. Because they were equally strong,
agile, and fierce, the fight continued for such a long time. There was no winner or loser, the
fight always ended with draw. However, after countless fight they began to feel bored and
tired. Realizing that the fight only caused injury, they made an agreement to divide the
territory into two areas.

"Hi Crocs, I am tired fighting you, The shark said.

"Well, me too, Shark. Then, what should we do to stop this fighting?" Crocodile asked.

"To prevent more fights between us, lets divided this territory into two areas, the land
belongs to you, the sea belongs to mine. I will hunt my prey only on the sea. You also do
the same. We cannot enter the other territory. Then, as a limit, we first determine that the
ground water that can be achieved when the tidal sea! " The shark proposed."Mmm, okay.
That is great idea. I agree." Crocodile said.

With this agreement, for a while sharks and crocodiles never had fight anymore. Both
agreed to respect each other territory. However, after several years, the sharks main prey,
the fish, were running out in the sea. They feared of the shark and most of them ran to the
Brantas River. Realizing that, the shark secretly started looking for prey in the mouth of the
Brantas River. Shark did not want the crocodile knew about this. If the crocodile knew, the
agreement that they had made would be ruined. However, after several time the shark
secretly entered the crocodiles territory, the crocodile began to know it.

Shark, how dare you come to my territory? This mouth of the Brantas River is mine.
You do not have any authority to come here. You break the agreement that we have both
agreed. Shout the crocodile.

What? Your territory? Excuse me, Mr. Crocodile. This mouth Brantas River is my
territory. It is part of the sea. I do not break the agreement. But, you do. You enter my
territory. Replied the shark.

I am not dumb, shark. River is part of the land. Your territory is in the sea. It means
that the river is my territory. Said the crocodile. Do you see this, dumb crocodile? The
river is full of water so as the sea. It means this river is part of the sea. And it is also my
territory. Said the shark. Do not mess with me, Shark. You know what I capable of, the
crocodile threaten."So you want a fight. Well, come on then. I will protect what is mine.
And this time I will win." The Shark replied.

24
 The quarrels between the shark and the crocodile ended with a fierce fight. The fight
this time was bigger the other fights that they had done. They both had still equal power.
They bit, they hit, and they kicked each other. And in an instant, the river was turned to red
because of their blood. They both were heavily wounded. The shark tail almost broke off,
so as the crocodile tail. After few hours fighting, they stopped. The shark surrendered and
returned to the sea. The crocodile stood still and felt satisfied because he could defend his
territory. However, not long after that, they both died. They died because of severe injuries
from former fight. And to remember the fight between the shark and the crocodile, the place
where the great fight happened was named Surabaya. Surabaya was taken from word
Sura means a shark, and Baya which means a crocodile.

10. THE LEGEND OF RAMBUTAN

Once upon a time In a far region of the Philippines, close to Rabba mountain, a
couple named Kandoy and Pising lives. Everyday, Kandoy, the husband, would go on
the forest to gather firewoods that he would make into charcoals that his wife, Pising
would sell in the town's market. Being childless, Kandoy and Pising are very
devotional couple in hope that they would be bless with a child.

One day, Kandoy spotted a cave in the center of the forest."This is the first time I
had noticed this cave. I haven't seen it before," he thought to himself.

Though he's a little hesitant, he still decided to go and check the inside of the cave.
He was frightened to see a deer that almost got eaten up by a tiger. Feeling sorry for the
poor deer's fate, Kandoy threw a hard piece of wood at the tiger to get its attention.
Well he did, and it angered the tiger. Kandoy got its attention and it went to attack him.
Luckily, Kandoy had grasped his ax and he had wounded the tiger on its neck. With
blood dripping from its neck, the tiger fled away from the cave.

25
 He was surprised to see the blood dripping from the fierce animal is not red at all
but gray!This is the first time I had seen something like it," he thought.Then the blood
drippings dried up quickly and turned into ashes.

Kandoy's attention then shifted into the frightened deer and he decided to approach
it. He was shocked the deer changed its form right in front of him, even before he got
closer! What appears to him before as a pitiful deer, now was the most beautiful fairy
despite her visible wounds, which he also noticed the white blood dripping from it.

It was hard to believed what he had just witnessed for the day. He was both
shocked and terrified and Kandoy decided to just run home which hadn't happened
because the fairy stopped him.

"Thank you my friend," says the fairy. "You just saved me from the black mage.
My name is Rodona and I am the fairy who looks after this forest. I know you come
here everyday to gather woods and branches. I know how good your heart is."Still
Kandoy is speechless, unable to say a word.

"The tiger you just saw is Matesa. She wanted to acquire this forest so she could
have a place to do her craft. Matesa wants me dead so she could have my heart. And when
that happens, she could have the power over the trees and animals that lives in this forest,"
added Rodona."If she's a mage, why didn't she use magic on me?" asked Kandoy."Matesa
has no power over the plants, animals, and people on this forest, unless she got my
heart.""You're heavily wounded, I think it is better if you come with me so my wife could
do something for your wounds," Kandoy said worriedly."I am not going to last much
longer, and while I still have my power, you and your wife will be bless with one child.
My only wish is that when I'm gone, take my heart out, burn it, and put the ashes on a jar.
Hide it inside your home and it will serve as your protection, and the forest as well against
the evil Matesa," Rodona says as she takes her last breath.

Kandoy followed the fairy's instructions and she told his wife what happened
when he got home. And after nine months, his wife Pising gave birth to a healthy, baby girl.
The arrival of the baby girl was such a joy to the couple. They named their baby Rabona, a
combination of the Rabba mountain and the fairy's name, Rodona.

Rabona grew up to be a happy child and the couple had almost forgotten the
tragedy that happened to Rodona in that cave. They had decided that their daughter Rabona
would never know what had happened that day. When Rabona was about to turn sixteen,
she saw a white cat in the forest. This cat was a bit unusual as it has a thick shades of
orange furs. Rabona took the cat home with her.

When 12 midnight strikes, the unusual cat changed its form. Turned out that she
was Matesa. Matesa did a ritual to curse the daughter of the couple, Rabona. While the evil
mage was on the middle of the ritual, the father got awakened from the mage's whispers.

26
 "Get away from my child!" yelled Kandoy.

"Hahaha! There's nothing you can do Kandoy! Look at what you had done to me. I
had studied different kinds of other magics just so I could heal my wounds, the wounds that
you did when you helped Rodona!" said Matesa.

Kandoy remembered the ashes of Rodona's heart. He hurriedly took the jar and
sprinkled the ashes, encircling the mage. Matesa was unable to move as the power of the
fairy's ashes wrapped around her. Kandoy rushes to get his ax and thrusted the evil mage.
The surrounding was engulfed with a white light and Matesa turned into ashes. Rabona
awakened, she was so horrified that she had hugged her parents so tight.

Rabona noticed that her hair is getting longer and thicker.

"It's probably because of Matesa's curse," said her father.

They immediately went to Isko, a folk healer that lives on a neighboring town.

"Luckily, the mage hadn't finished the curse. we could still do something to stop the
hair from growing, only thing is, we can't restore its thickness," said the healer.

And Rabona's hair became thicker as the healer was unable to do something about it.
Her mother Pising would always comb Rabona's long hair. Rabona was also told by her
mother to always fix her hair so it wouldn't be an annoyance to her whenever she does her
school or house work.

Probably because of these changes that Rabona's attitude changed as well. She
became lazy both at doing her school works and house works. She no longer helps her
mother around. She doesn't even want to fix herself, specially her hair. She became a
different Rabona.

"Mom, could you go cook the rice? I don't want to do anything, this hair was such
an annoyance. That's why I should just be serve because of this," snarled Rabona."Don't
lose hope my child. Instead you should go on with life and find ways to overcome this," her
mother Pising, pleaded.

"Whatever! I'm tired of this! Go away and just fix me something to eat. It's your
fault, it's both your fault that I became like this," yelled the disobedient daughter.

"I'm sorry child that you feel that way. Everything that your father and I do is for
you. Alright then, I'll fix you something to eat.

One night, Rabona had a thought of burning down their house while her mother and
father was sleeping.

27
 She carefully piled up some dried tree branches and leaves under their hut. She's
careful not to make any noise as that would awaken her parents. When she was about to
start a fire, her surroundings shone brightly as if it was daylight. Grains of soil was
suspended in the air, circling her, wrapping her just when she saw a beautiful maiden right
in front of her.

"I am Rodona." "Weren't you already dead?" asked the frightened Rabona. "Yes, I
am. But I still live in the heart of your parents. I am connected to you because I gave you to
them. I had blessed them with a child because of their kindness. I remained in your being
but you had failed the test. The battle between Matesa and I didn't ended when I died in a
cave in Mount Rabba, the battle continued in your heart."

"You changed because of the little trials," added Rodona. "You even thought of
doing something bad against your parents. You were supposed to be a gift for them, a
blessing. But what did you do? You even tried to kill them!Rabona felt so bad to what she
heard. She's so sorry and asked for the fairy's forgiveness.

"Please forgive me for what I've done. I wouldn't do it again. I will accept any
punishment. I no longer want to be a burden to them. I wish I could turn back time so I
could give them happiness," pleaded Rabona.

"It's too late now. Tonight, the earth will swallow you. But because you repented,
they wouldn't lost you completely. Prove it that you wouldn't be a burden to them."

And as the surroundings continued to shine brightly, the fairy disappeared.

The following morning, Rabona was nowhere to be found. Pising cried as she saw
the pile of dried branches and leaves under their hut with a matchstick beside the pile. They
thought that their daughter tried to burn their house. Close to the matchstick, they noticed a
sprouting plant with an unusual leaves.

"This is the first time I had seen a plant like this," said Kandoy.

The couple took cared of the strange plant. It grew into a tree and bore fruits. Pising
wept when she saw the fruits of the tree. Growing on the skin of the fruit looks like thick
hairs and the fruit taste sweet when she tried it.

"This is probably Rabona," said Kandoy. "Somehow, we still have something to

remind us of her. I'm thankful we hadn't completely lost Rabona."

The fruit was called Rabona, then it was called rabonan which we now called
rambutan, one of the sweetest fruit we are all blessed to have.

Kandoy followed the fairy's instructions and she told his wife what happened when
he got home. And after nine months, his wife Pising gave birth to a healthy, baby girl. The

28
arrival of the baby girl was such a joy to the couple. They named their baby Rabona, a
combination of the Rabba mountain and the fairy's name, Rodona.

Rabona grew up to be a happy child and the couple had almost forgotten the
tragedy that happened to Rodona in that cave. They had decided that their daughter Rabona
would never know what had happened that day. When Rabona was about to turn sixteen,
she saw a white cat in the forest. This cat was a bit unusual as it has a thick shades of
orange furs. Rabona took the cat home with her.When 12 midnight strikes, the unusual cat
changed its form. Turned out that she was Matesa. Matesa did a ritual to curse the daughter
of the couple, Rabona. While the evil mage was on the middle of the ritual, the father got
awakened from the mage's whispers."Get away from my child!" yelled Kandoy."Hahaha!
There's nothing you can do Kandoy! Look at what you had done to me. I had studied
different kinds of other magics just so I could heal my wounds, the wounds that you did
when you helped Rodona!" said Matesa.

Kandoy remembered the ashes of Rodona's heart. He hurriedly took the jar and
sprinkled the ashes, encircling the mage. Matesa was unable to move as the power of the
fairy's ashes wrapped around her. Kandoy rushes to get his ax and thrusted the evil mage.
The surrounding was engulfed with a white light and Matesa turned into ashes. Rabona
awakened, she was so horrified that she had hugged her parents so tight.Rabona noticed that
her hair is getting longer and thicker."It's probably because of Matesa's curse," said her
father.They immediately went to Isko, a folk healer that lives on a neighboring town.

"Luckily, the mage hadn't finished the curse. we could still do something to stop
the hair from growing, only thing is, we can't restore its thickness," said the healer.

And Rabona's hair became thicker as the healer was unable to do something about it.
Her mother Pising would always comb Rabona's long hair. Rabona was also told by her
mother to always fix her hair so it wouldn't be an annoyance to her whenever she does her
school or house work.

Probably because of these changes that Rabona's attitude changed as well. She
became lazy both at doing her school works and house works. She no longer helps her
mother around. She doesn't even want to fix herself, specially her hair. She became a
different Rabona.

"Mom, could you go cook the rice? I don't want to do anything, this hair was such
an annoyance. That's why I should just be serve because of this," snarled Rabona. "Don't
lose hope my child. Instead you should go on with life and find ways to overcome this," her
mother Pising, pleaded.

"Whatever! I'm tired of this! Go away and just fix me something to eat. It's your
fault, it's both your fault that I became like this," yelled the disobedient daughter.

29
 "I'm sorry child that you feel that way. Everything that your father and I do is for
you. Alright then, I'll fix you something to eat.

One night, Rabona had a thought of burning down their house while her mother
and father was sleeping.

She carefully piled up some dried tree branches and leaves under their hut. She's
careful not to make any noise as that would awaken her parents. When she was about to
start a fire, her surroundings shone brightly as if it was daylight. Grains of soil was
suspended in the air, circling her, wrapping her just when she saw a beautiful maiden right
in front of her.

"I am Rodona." "Weren't you already dead?" asked the frightened Rabona.

"Yes, I am. But I still live in the heart of your parents. I am connected to you
because I gave you to them. I had blessed them with a child because of their kindness. I
remained in your being but you had failed the test. The battle between Matesa and I didn't
ended when I died in a cave in Mount Rabba, the battle continued in your heart."

"You changed because of the little trials," added Rodona. "You even thought of
doing something bad against your parents. You were supposed to be a gift for them, a
blessing. But what did you do? You even tried to kill them!"

Rabona felt so bad to what she heard. She's so sorry and asked for the fairy's
forgiveness.

"Please forgive me for what I've done. I wouldn't do it again. I will accept any
punishment. I no longer want to be a burden to them. I wish I could turn back time so I
could give them happiness," pleaded Rabona.

"It's too late now. Tonight, the earth will swallow you. But because you repented, they
wouldn't lost you completely. Prove it that you wouldn't be a burden to them."

And as the surroundings continued to shine brightly, the fairy disappeared. The
following morning, Rabona was nowhere to be found. Pising cried as she saw the pile of
dried branches and leaves under their hut with a matchstick beside the pile. They thought
that their daughter tried to burn their house. Close to the matchstick, they noticed a
sprouting plant with an unusual leaves.

"This is the first time I had seen a plant like this," said Kandoy.

The couple took cared of the strange plant. It grew into a tree and bore fruits. Pising
wept when she saw the fruits of the tree. Growing on the skin of the fruit looks like thick
hairs and the fruit taste sweet when she tried it.

30
 "This is probably Rabona," said Kandoy. "Somehow, we still have something to remind
us of her. I'm thankful we hadn't completely lost Rabona."

The fruit was called Rabona, then it was called rabonan which we now called
rambutan, one of the sweetest fruit we are all blessed to have.

11. THE LEGEND OF THE WOODPECKER

There was once a little old woman who lived all alone at the top of a hill. She was the
tiniest, neatest little old woman you ever saw, and she always wore a shiny black dress, and a
gay little red bonnet on her head, and a big white apron with a floppy white bow tied behind.

But because she lived alone, and thought of no one but herself, this little old woman had
grown very selfish. She never invited any one to drink a cup of tea with her, and she never
gave presents to anybody.

One day, when the little old woman was baking round cakes with plums in them, a tired,
hungry man came up the hill and rapped at her door.

"May I have a cake?" he asked. "I am hungry, and I have no money to pay you, but
whatever you wish for, that shall you have."

The little old woman looked at her cakes, and she decided that they were too large and
plump to give away. So she broke off a wee little bit of dough, and [178] put it in the oven to
bake. It puffed and swelled; and when it was done she decided that this cake, also, was too
nice and brown for the hungry man. She broke off a tinier bit of dough, and then one smaller
still, but each came out of the oven as fat and brown a cake as the first, and she set them all
on a high cupboard shelf, because she thought they were too good to be given away. Then, at
last, she took a bit of dough as wee as the head of a pin, and put it in the oven to bake, but
this, too, came out a fine, large, crisp cake; so the old woman hid it in the cupboard with the
others, and brought out a dry crust of bread for the hungry man.

The poor man just looked at the crust, and then he was gone, before you could wink your
eye. But the little old woman began to feel sorry to think how unkind and selfish she had
been.

"I wish I were a bird!" she said. "Then I could fly to that hungry man with the largest cake
on the shelf."

And, all at once, the little old woman began to grow smaller and smaller. Her nose
changed to a beak, her arms stretched out until they were wings, and her feet became claws.
She was really the bird she had wished to be, and the wind whisked her up the chimney and
over the hill to the woods.

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 If you look, you may see her to-day. She still wears her shiny black dress, her white apron,
and the gay little red bonnet upon her head; but all day long she must run up and down the
trunks of the trees, pecking her food from the hard bark. Listen, and you will hear her tap,

13. THE LEGEND OF THE ARBUTUS

In the North Country there once lived an old, old man all alone in his wigwam among
the pine trees. His hair and beard were so long and so white that they covered him like a
mantle, and he wore a bear-skin to keep him warm. All about his wigwam it was winter. The
little brooks were locked fast under their ice, the wind cried in the trees, and not a squirrel or a
blue jay was to be seen. The old man crouched over his little bit of a fire and shivered because
he was so cold.

But one day there came through the woods a beautiful maiden. Her cheeks were as pink as
roses, her eyes were as soft and dark as the skies at twilight, and her hair was as brown as
October's nuts. The most beautiful thing of all was this: wherever she stepped on the frozen
ground with her white slippers made of lilies, the dew fell and the sweet grasses and ferns
grew again.

So she came to the old man's wigwam. Her breath was as sweet as clover, and when she
lifted the tent-flap it was not cold any more inside, but warm and fragrantlike a June day.

"Who are you, and why do you come?" asked the old man. "I have breathed on the woods,
and it is winter." "When I breathe," said the maiden, softly, "the violet and the wind-flower
blossom." "I shake my locks," said the old man, "and snow covers the earth." "I toss my
curls," said the maiden, "and the warm rain falls." "When I walk through the trees, the leaves
fall, the squirrels and the beavers hide, and the blue jay and the wild geese fly south."

"When I come," said the maiden, "the branches break into leaves, the brooks sing, and the
birds fly back again."

And, as the maiden spoke, the air in the wigwam grew warmer and warmer, and the old
man lay down upon the ground, for his eyes were heavy with sleep. The maiden kneeled down
beside him and just rested her warm fingers on his forehead. And where the old man had lain
there was, all at once, only a mass of green leaves with soft moss growing all about.

"I am stronger than the winter," said the maiden.

Then she took from her dress the loveliest pink and white flowers, and she hid them
under the green leaves. She took from her dress the loveliest pink and white flowers." "I will
give you my most precious flowers," she said, "and my sweetest breath, but whoever picks
you, Arbutus, must kneel, as I do."

32
 "I will give you my most precious flowers," she said, "and my sweetest breath, but
whoever picks you, Arbutus, must kneel, as I do."

Then the maiden floated away over the woods, the hills, and the plains, and wherever she
went the flowers sprang up, and summer came upon the earth.

14.THE LEGEND OF THE DIPPER

There was once a little girl who had a dear mother, and they lived, quite alone, in a little
house in the woods. They were always very happy, but one day the mother grew so ill that it
seemed as if she could never be strong and well again.

"I must have a drink of clear, cold water," she cried, as she lay in bed, so weak and
suffering from thirst.

It was dark night, and there was no one near to ask for water, so the little girl took her tin
dipper and started out alone to the spring to bring her mother a drink. She went a long way
through the woods, and she ran so that she grew very tired, being such a tiny girl; but she
filled her tin dipper at the spring and started home.

Sometimes the water spilled, because it was not easy to carry, and sometimes the little girl
stumbled over the stones in the dark road. All at once she felt a warm touch upon her hand,
and she stopped. It was a little dog who had been following her, for he, too, was nearly dying
of thirst, and he had touched her hand with his hot tongue.

The little girl looked at her dipper. There was only a very little water in it, but she poured a
few drops into her hand, and let the thirsty dog lap them. He seemed as refreshed as if he had
been to the river to drink. And a wonderful thing happened to the tin dipperalthough the
little girl did not see. It was changed to a silver dipper, with more water in it than before.

The little girl started on again, hurrying very fast, for she remembered how much her
mother needed her, but she had not gone very far when she met a stranger in the road. He was
tall, and wore shining garments, and his eyes looked down with a wonderful smile into the
little girl's face. He reached out his hand for the dipper, and he begged for a drink of the clear,
cold water.

33
 Now, the little girl thought how her mother had told her that she should be always kind to
a stranger, so she held the water up to his lips. And very suddenly, as the stranger drank, the
silver dipper was changed to a gold dipperfull to the brim with sparkling water.

The little girl hurried on, but the road was so very long, and she was so tired, that it
seemed as if she could never each home again. She was weak and faint, and she longed to
drink just a few drops of the water; but, no, her mother would need all that was left. Had she
not given some to the thirsty dog and to the stranger? So she never took a drink herself, but
hastened home and carried it to the dear mother. And then came the greatest wonder of all! As
soon as the dear mother drank she became quite well and strong once more; and the gold
dipper, as it touched her lips, was changed to a diamond dipperall shining and blazing with
glittering gems!

And the diamond dipper left her fingers to shine up in the sky, over the house and the
woods. There it shines every night to tell all little children how, once, a child was brave and
unselfish and kind.

15.THE LEGEND OF THE COCONUT TREE

A long time ago in the mountains of cristobal there lived a verykindhearted mother . she
love her children tenderly and work veryhard to feed them and to provide them with
everything they need.But because she had ten children too many, she really had adifficult time
taking care of them.One day, she got sick and suddenly just died. Her poorchildren all wept
deeply lamenting the untimely demised of theirmother. Who will feed us now? Cried the
eldest son.Who will take care of us now? Asked the second eldest child.Who will wash our
clothes for us now on? Asked the third eldestchild.While they were crying, there came to them
a strange ladywhom they have never seen before. She was very beautiful and
softspoken.dont cry little children, she said to comfort the children. Your mother wont
abandon you you. Bury her right away.

Thenguard over her grave. Soon you will see a strange tree that will suddenly grow there.
The tree will be your source of food for yourdaily needs. Having said, she suddenly
disappeared that left thechildren wondering whether it ws only just a dream.

Nevertheless, the ten kids obeyed what the white ladyinstructed them to do . after burying
their mother, they kept closeguard over her grave all day and all night. A few days later,
theywoke up to find a strange young tree growing beside the grave. Itgrew fast and tall before
their very eyes. Shortly, the tree borefruits much to the delight of the children. I ll climb up
the tree,volunteered the eldest child who started to climb all the way up tothe tree as his
brothers and sisters watched him from below withmouths opened, fearing he might miss a step
and fall.

34
 Fortunately, he got up safely. When within reach of the fruits,he shouted back at them,
Get out of the way Ill throw down someof the fruits. Open up the fruits to see what inside
them.A number of fruits fell. The second child got hold of one and atonce punched a hole,
then another one, with his knife , and lo! Asweet smelling juice came out of it.Hey! There a
juice coming out it said the third child whotook a sip of the juice. Its very sweet. Try
tasting it, he said as heoffered it to his younger brother.It sure tastes very sweet, said the
fourth child ho was sothirsty he drank it all.Knowing it was edible, the eldest son fell a
number more of the fruits.Later on, they broke open the rest of the fruits and found it had
awhite delicious meat inside. . hungry as they were, they openedmore of the fruits and ate and
drank from it.

Curious , they plantedsome of the coconut fruits and found to their surprise that not
longthey each produce shoots and took rot on the ground and becameknown as the first
coconuts or niyog as the people in the regionhad it called .

Today , we continue to enjoy the juice that comes out of thecocnut, as well as its white
meat which is eaten as a favorite dessert in many Filipino home.

16. THE LEGEND SNOWFLAKE AND THE

LEAF
The big sky above the hard, frozen ground was dark. The little stars had hidden their
winking, yellow eyes, and the round old moon had forgotten to shine. Big, black clouds
were hurrying past each other, back and forth, from east to west.

Up on the old oak tree, at the corner of the lane, a little leaf still clung. He was very
tiny, very brown, and very much wrinkled; but still he kept a tight hold on the stiff old
branch where he had lived all his life.

"Ugh!" he said, as he shivered, and clung still closer, "it's going to rain again. I'm sure I
felt a drop just then."

But it was not a drop of rain, but a soft, cold something else, which nestled down
among the brown wrinkles. The leaf stirred, and then shivered again.

"What is the matter?" queried a sweet voice.

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 "I'm very cold," said the leaf.

"Are you? What makes you cold?" asked the voice.

"I think it isyou," said the leaf, slowly; for he did not want to hurt any one's feelings.

"Oh, no; I'm sure it's not I, because I'm not cold; and if I made you cold I would be
cold, too, wouldn't I?"

"I suppose you would," said the leaf, thoughtfully. "But, anyway, I'm not as warm as I
am in the summertime. I'm lonesome, too, up here alonethat is, I am when you are not
here," he added, politely.

"What is summer?" asked the snowflake. "I never heard about it."

"It is a very nice time," said the leaf, hugging the old tree, and drawing his tight edges
close. "It's the time when you are green and softand warm," he added, with a sigh.

"I don't believe we have it, then, up where I live," said the snowflake; "for I never
remember being green."

"It is very pleasant in summer," went on the leaf. "The birds perch upon the branches
here, and sing so sweetly. Once a robin built a beautiful nest just here, where we are now.
It was a large nest made of hay and threads, woven nicely together. One day, after the nest
was built, and the mother bird had been staying there nearly all the time, I saw four tiny
birds, with great big mouths, wide open. It seemed to me that they were always calling to
be fed, and the mother and father were busy from morning till night fetching worms for
those hungry little ones. But before long they learned to fly, and, one by one, they left the
nest and flew out into the world.

"I am never alone in the summer, for the tree is full of leaves, but they have all fallen
off until only I am left. Every time the wind blows, I expect to go, too."

"Where will you go?" asked the snowflake, with much interest.

"Oh, I shall drop to the ground below, and grow smaller and smaller. Then I shall sink
down underneath, where the new grass is getting ready to sprout in the spring and the
violets are waiting for the sun to bid them unfold their buds."

"Is it nice down there, in the dark?" asked the snowflake.

"Oh, yes," said the leaf. "It is very warm and sweet, and not a bit lonely, for the worms
and bugs and roots and seeds are all busy, getting ready for the spring."

36
 Just then a heavy gust of wind shook the old oak tree, and down fell the little brown
leaf and the snowflake, too. The snowflake melted at once, but the little leaf waited
happily there until he should reach the busy little world under the ground.

17.THE LEGEND OF BANANA

Long time ago In a small peaceful kingdom down south, a beautiful princess lives. Near the
kingdoms castle is a small forest with beautiful flowers. The princess spends her time there picking the
most exquisite and rare that she can find.

Although she has her own piece of garden near the palace, the princess prefer visiting the strange
forest during siesta time to take a peaceful stroll and enjoy the nature. One day, she met a handsome man
garbed in princely clothes.

Although a stranger, the beautiful princess fell in love at first sight at the handsome gentleman. The
stranger asked her name and introduced himself afterwards. He said, I am Prince Aging, and I live in a
nearby kingdom, Your Majesty. If it is not too much to ask, I would like to know thy
name?The princess gave her hand for the prince to plant a kiss and gave her sweetest smile and
replied,I am Mariang maganda, a princess of this kingdom. Where is this kingdom you are talking
about Prince Aging. The prince replied sadly, It is deep in the forest where no human can enter. A
friendship immediately grew.
Everyday, the princess would wait for the prince at the forest and they would spend long hours
together. One day, the Prince confesses his love for the Princess. The prince holds her hand and said,
Oh, Princess Mariang Maganda, I love you so much. The princess replied with the same emotion, I
love you too, my prince. She was about to add that she has beens mitten by the prince since the
first time they met when the tears on the princes eyes dropped.The prince sadly bade her
goodbye and started to leave. Confused, the princess asked him, But whyare you so sad, my love?
The prince voiced out a very sad reply, I have to go now, my love. I have to go home before its too
late. If I dont make it to our kingdom, I wont be able to go home forever. As he turn his back, the
princess shouted after him. Are you going back to see me? Will I see you tonight? I will wait in my
garden for your return, my prince.

The prince gave a nod and left has tily. The prince came back before midnight. The happiness that
the princess felt upon seeing her prince was priceless. They hold each other tightly and look into
each others eyes. They talked about many things and told each other about their undying
love. Time passed by so swiftly that the prince gave a start when he realized that it is near
day break. He hold the princess in his arms and told her that he is about to leave. The princess touches
his arms and hold his hands tightly, Are you coming back The prince replied gravely, I dont know
my love. But please, always remember that you are the only? woman I will ever love.The princess tried
to stop him from leaving by holding his hand firmly. The prince tried to let go of the hands that is
grabbing him tightly when suddenly he was gone! All that was left are the prince hands that she was
firmly holding. Frightened and shocked, she buried the two hands in her garden and retired for the night
full of sorrow.

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 Days passed, the princess waited for her prince charming to return. Then she noticed strange plant on
her garden. The plant grew tall and bears fruits as she waited in vain.

The fruits, to her surprise were very similar to the hands of the prince. It down don her that the Prince
Aging is not coming back. The fruit was later on called Banana.

18.THE LEGEND OF HANGING ROCK

s

Once, in a rural village next to Lake Toba North Sumatera, there lived a husband
and a wife with a beautiful daughter named Seruni. Not only was she beautiful, Seruni
was also very diligent in helping her parents in the field. Every day this family worked
in this field on the edge of Lake Toba, and the outcomes are used for their daily needs.

One day, Seruni went to the field alone, because his parents went to a neighboring
village. Seruni was only accompanied by her beloved dog named Toki's. Arriving at the
farm, she didnt work but he just sat there looking at the natural beauty of Lake Toba as
if she had solved a difficult problem. While the dog, the Toki, came sitting next to her,
staring at her face as if he knew what Seruni thought. Once in a while the dog barked to
distract Seruni, but she is not teased.
The last few days Seruni looked glum. He was very sad, because she was given in
marriage by her parents with a young man who was his cousin. Though she had chosen
his loved man and she had promised to live together with him. She was very confused.
On the one hand she did not want to disappoint her parents, and she could not afford to
part with her love. Because of being unable to bear the heavy burden, he was getting
hopeless. "Yes, Lord! I am not able to live with this burden, "complained the Seruni.

A few moments later, Seruni moved from his seat. With tears, she walked slowly
toward the Lake Toba. Apparently she wanted to end his life by jumping into the lake's
and the Toki, followed his master from behind while barking.

With a mind raging, Seruni walked toward the cliffs of Lake Toba without paying

38
 attention to the road in its path. Unexpectedly, she suddenly fell into a hole. The rocky
ground that made the hole was getting dark. Seruni girl is very scared. "Help.. Help..
Help.., Toki! "Seruni voice asking for help to her beloved dog.

The Toki understood if Seruni required his help, but he could not do anything
except just barking at the hole. Seruni screamed several times for help, but the Toki
really could not afford helping her.

Finally she was getting desperate."Ah, I'd rather die than live a long time to suffer,"
Seruni resigned.Rock walls were moving ever closer."Parapat...! Parapat Parapat ...
"ordered Seruni to press her body withthe stone.Being unable to help Seruni, Toki
immediately ran home to ask for help.Arriving at the master's house, he immediately
went to Seruni parents."Auggg ...! auggg ...! auggg ... "Toki's barking while clawing at
the ground to tell the parents that the Seruni in danger. "Toki ..., where is Seruni? What
happened to her? "Asked the father to the dog's Seruni.

"Auggg ...! auggg ...! auggg ...! "he continued barking and ran back and forth to invite
them to a place.

"Sir, it looks like Seruni in danger," said the mother of Seruni.

"Mom was right. The Toki invites us to follow, "said the father of Seruni.

"But how do we get there? "Said the mother.

"You prepare a torch! I'll be looking for help to neighbors, "cried the father.

Soon, the whole neighborhood had gathered at the home page Seruni's father, carrying
the torch. After that they followed the Toki to the scene. Once they were in the field, the
Toki directly toward the mouth of the hole.

Both parents of Seruni immediately approached the mouth of the hole. What a surprise
when they saw a hole big enough rock on the edge of their field. In the pit was heard the
faint sound of a woman: "Parapat ...! Parapat Parapat stone ...! "

"Sir, listen to that voice! That voice is of our child! Serunis mother cried frantically.

"Yes, ma'am! That sounds Seruni! "Replied the father panic.

"But, why would he shout: Parapat, parapatlah stone?" Asked the mother.

"I do not know, mom! It seems like there's something wrong in there, "said the father
anxiously.

39
 A Farmer was trying to light up the hole with a torch, but the bottom of the hole was
so deep that it can not be penetrated by torchlight."Seruniii ...! Seruniii ...! "Cried the
father of Seruni.
"Seruni ... my daughter! The mother and father came to help you! "Her mother shouted.

Several times they yelled, but they did not get a response from Seruni. Only voice
drifted Seruni who sent the stone closer to squeezing. "Parapat ...! Parapatlah stone ...!
Parapat! " "Seruniiii ... my daughter!" Once again the mother screaming and crying
hysterically Seruni.

People in attendance at the place were trying to help. One held ropes to the bottom of
the hole, but the slap was not touched at all. Seruni's father increasingly concerned with
the state of her father. He also decided to follow her foray into the rock pit.

"Mom, hold the torch!" Command of the father.

"Where do you want to go?" Asked the mother.

"I'm following the Seruni into the hole," he replied firmly.

"No dad, it's dangerous!" Prevent the mother.

"Yes sir, the hole was very deep and dark," said people

A moment later, suddenly heard a roar. The earth shook violently as if to an end. Rock
hole suddenly closes itself. The cliffs at the edge of Lake Toba was falling. Seruni's father
and mother and all the people ran thither to escape. They left the mouth of the hole the
rock, so that poor Seruni could not be rescued from the crush of rock.

Some time after the earthquake stopped, suddenly appeared a large rock that resembles
a girl's body and as if hanging on the wall of the cliff at the edge of Lake Toba. Local
people believe that the stone is the embodiment Seruni oppressed in the hole. By those
stones were then given the name "Hanging Rock". (BATU GANTUNG)

A few days later, fame spread the word about the events that befall her. The people
flocked to the scene to see the "Hanging Rock" is. Residents who witnessed the incident
told other people that before the hole was closed, a voice: "... Parapat Parapat parapat
stone ...!"

19.THE LEGEND OF DANDAUNG SNAKE

Once upon a time, lays a great kingdom. The region of the kingdom are rich in natural
resources the people of the kingdom are prosperous, because the kingdom is lead by a wise

40
king. Many people coma to the kingdom and lives there. The prosperity is well spread
among the people of the kingdom. The other kingdoms are amazed and respect the
kingdom because of the prosperity. They are getting some benefits too with fair trades
with the kingdom.

Unfortunately, peace did not last long. Unexpected disaster came upon them. They are
not attacked by enemies who envied the prosperity and harmony of the kingdom, but by a
giant bird that suddenly appeared.

The sky became pitch black as the bird's body is very big. Flap wings deafening.
Because the invasion of giant bird was so sudden, the people of the kingdom of
extraordinary panic.

They are confused and do not know what to do deal with that atmosphere. They
thought doomsday had arrived. In the blink of an eye, the kingdom was destroyed perish
with everything in it. Building razed to the ground. Trees fall. People met death by falling
trees or buried in the rubble of their homes and buildings. Like a lost country, which
previously fertile prosperous kingdom into an open field. No plants, animals and humans
there, accept the king with the empress and the seventh daughter. They are confused and
scared, perhaps came the second attack. If that happened, this is the end their history. With
the giant bird is easy to see them because not even a leaf weeds can be a place for shelter.

However, they remain thankful to God because they have survived the catastrophe. In
the uncertain situation, they were surprised again by events that made them increasingly
desperate. I do not know where it came from; all of a sudden a giant snake is appears in
front of them.
The snake opened its mouth so big and venomous tongue moving in and out of her
mouth. King along with the empress and the seven daughters gathered into one group. The
king thought, if they should die, at least they die together although as a giant snake prey.

Snake dandaung "Your majesty needs not be afraid," suddenly the snake speak the
human language. "I'm not going to interfere with His Excellency, the empress, and the
daughters of your majesty, if your majesty granted one of my requests.

The king is surprised to hear the giant snakes could speak human language.Who are
you? What is your wish? "The king asked ."My name is Dandaung"said the giant snake. "I
want to marry one of his Majesty's daughters."

The king stunned for a moment, after hearing the request of Dandaung Snake. A giant
snake wanted to marry his daughter? It makes no sense to marry a human with a snake.

41
 But he did not dare to refuse for fear of consequences."I do not deny, but did not
receive your proposal," said the king. "I must ask this to my daughter one by one!"

The king asked his daughter one by one. The eldest daughter until the sixth one, refused
to marry the Dandaung Snake. The king gets worry about the consequences they will
receive if his entire daughter refused."I'm willing to be his wife," youngest daughter said
to his father.

The youngest daughter decision made her older sister mocking her. But her decision is
already set and cannot be changed. They soon married.

In their first night, the youngest daughter woke up from sleep. She was very surprised
because it was not Snake Dandaung lying on his side but a handsome man. The man said
to his wife, "I'm not someone else, I'm your husband, the Snake Dandaung. I am a king
who was freed from the curse. "

The king and queen were surprised to see the incident. However, they were proud to
him, who is very handsome, and a royal degree. The other princess feels regrets and
wondering why they would not want to accept the marriage proposal.

The man also have great skill, a giant bird that destroys the royal can be conquered and
killed. He also builds up a new empire, complete with all equipment and buildings. The
people come again and live in the kingdoms territory, they believe that living in the new
kingdom will make them feel comfort and guarded from the giant birds attack.

They also have heard about the king's wisdom and the prosperity of the kingdom in the
past. The king now ruled the new kingdom once again. He is replaced by the snake
Dandaung in the later time and live happily ever after with his wife.
20.THE LEGEND OF PRAMBANAN TEMPLE
Once upon a time, there was a beautiful Javanese princess whose name was Rara
Jonggrang. Rara Jonggrang whose beauty was very famous in the land was the daughter of
Prabu Baka, and evil king.
One day, a handsome young man with super natural power named Bandung
Bondowoso defatted and killed Prabu Baka. On seeing Princess Rara Jonggrang beauty,
Bandung Bondowoso fell in love wither and wanted to marry her.
Meanwhile, Princess Rara jonggrang felt sad due to her death father. She did not want
to marry Bandung because he had killed her father. But she was also afraid of Bandung.
So to refuse politely, she made a condition. I will marry you but you have to build one
thousand temples in one night as a wedding gift requested Rara Jonggrang. Bandung

42
 Bondowoso agreed with the condition. Helped by the spirit of the demons, Bandung
Bondowoso started building the temples. Approaching midnight, the work would nearly be
done. Rara Jonggrang knew and thought, What shall I do? Bandung Bondowoso is
smarter than I. I would lose against Bandung.
Suddenly she got an idea. She woke up all the women in the palace and ordered them
to make the noisy sounds of grinding rice so that the rooster thought at had already been
dawn. Bandung Bondowoso got frustrated because he failed completing the thousandth
temple.
The Princess has deceived me! Following his anger, he cursed Roro Jonggrang, You
have been cheated. Now, the thousandth temple is you!
At once, the Princess turned into a statue. knowing this, Bandung Bondowoso
regretted and he went away into a farm land. From then people called the temple
Prambanan Temple and the Princess statue Rara Jonggrang statue.
21.THE LEGEND OF KESODO FEAST
MOUNT BROMO
Hundreds years ago, the last king of Majapahit had a young princess from one of his
wives. The princess was named Roro Anteng. Later, Roro Anteng married Joko Seger, who
came from Brahman caste.
Because of unfortunate situation the couple was forced to leave the kingdom. They settled
in the mountain area. They ruled the area and named it Tengger, which was derived from
their names, Roro Anteng and Joko Seger.
After several years of reign, the region flourished in prosperity, but Roro Anteng and Joko
Seger were sad because they did not have a child. They climbed the top of mountain and
prayed there night and day hoping that the God would listen. The prayer was heard and
Betoro Bromo promised to give them many children. However, they had to promise that they
would sacrifice their youngest child in return.
Roro Anteng gave birth to a child, then another and another. In the end, Roro Anteng and
Joko Seger had 25 children. Soon it was time to sacrifice the youngest child , Kusuma, but
the parents could not do it. They tried to hide him, but an eruption happened and Kusuma fell
into the crater. There was silence before they heard a voice. I have to be sacrificed so that
you will all stay alive. From now on, you should arrange an annual offering ceremony on the
14th of Kesodo (the twelfth month of Tengerese calendar). It was Kusumas voice.
Kusumas brothers and sisters held the offering ceremony every year. Instead of human
being, they collected fruits, vegetables, rice, and meat to be off to the Gods. And this has
been done generation after generation until today.
22.THE LEGEND OF BANYUWANGI
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 Once upon a time, there was a local ruler named King Sulahkromo. The king had a
Prime Minister named Raden Sidopekso. The Prime Minister had a wife named Sri
Tanjung. She was so beautiful that the king wanted her to be his wife.
One day, the King sent his Prime Minister to a long mission. While the Prime Minister
was away, the King tried to get Sri Tanjung. However he failed. He was very angry. Thus,
when Sidopekso went back, the King told him that his wife was unfaithful to him. The
Prime Minister was very angry with his wife. Sri Tanjung said that it was not true.
However, Sidopekso said that he would kill her.
He brought her to the river bank. Before he kill her and threw her into the river, she said
that her innocence would be proven After Sidopekso killed her, he threw her dead body into
the dirty river.
The river immediately became clean and began to spread a wonderful fragrance.
Sidopekso said, BanyuWangi Banyuwangi. This means fragrant water.
Banyuwangi was born from the proof of noble and sacred love.

23.THE LEGEND OF PHILIPINES

Many thousands of years ago, a man and his wife lived in the Philippines, they were
called Angngalo and Angngarab.
One morning, they went to gather some shellfish. Inside one, they found a pearl. It was
an unusual yellow colour and very large.
Angngalo gave it to Angngarab. Oh! she said, I can find many more pearls than
you!
Soon they were quarrelling and shouting at each other. They ran along the seashore
looking for shellfish. Before, they had a big pile in front of them. They pulled open the
shells and looked in them for pearls.
Ive go more pearls than you! shouted Angngalo.
No, you havent! answered Angngarab. Anyway, my pearls are bigger than yours!
Soon, they were fighting. They threw the shells and pearls at each other. (That is why
there are so many shells and pearls in the Philippines) They rolled on the ground and
stamped their feet.
There was aloud Boom! and Crack!. The mountains and hills began to split. The
water in the rivers and lakes flooded the land.

44
 They still continued fighting. Suddenly, there was a great storm, with thunder lighting.
The land broke into several parts. Luzon was in the north, the Visayan Islands were in the
middle, and Mindanao in the south.
Because of this, there are now over seven thousand islands in the Philippines.

24.THE LEGEND OF SINGAPORE

In days long gone by, the world divided into two parts, and each part was rulled by a
powerful giant king. The Eastern lands were hot and wet, while the Western lands were
cold and dark. Sometimes there were wars between the giants of two the lands, but story
takes place when there was peace.
The youngest son of the king of the Western Lands wanted to travel, and so left
fathers palace. For many days, the prince travelled east, hiding whenever he saw soldiers.
Many weeks later, he came to a small lake in the Eastern lands.
Because it was hot, the prince went for a swim in the lake. Suddenly, he saw a
beautiful girl on the opposite side of the lake. He swam to her side, and they began to talk.
I am a traveller from the Western Lands, said the prince.
The girls eye grew wide. Then you must leave, she said. My father, the king, will
kill you if he finds you here.
The prince was about to swim away when the giant princess called him back. Dont
go yet. My ladies and I will hide you for a time, and we can swim together each day.
After his long journey, the prince was glad to have chance to rest. The princesss ladies
hid him in a small house in the forest near the lake. Each day they brought him food, and
each day he swam with the princess in the lake, before long, the prince and the princess
fell in love.
I want to marry you, said the prince.
But my father would never agree to it, said the princess. He would never let me
marry a prince of the western Lands.
Ill go and ask him anyway. Said the prince, and he walked to the palace of the king
of the Eastern lands.
When the king heard the prince say he wanted to marry the princess, he immediately
threw the young man into prison. A few days later, the princes escaped, and he went to the
lake. There he saw the princess. Come with me to the west, he said. we can be married
in my fathers palace, and my family will welcome you as my wife,
Are you sure it will be all right? asked the princess. Yes, but we must hurry.

45
 The princess wrapped her jewels and a beautiful fan in a length of silk. Then she took
the princes hand, and together they ran towards the west, away from her fathers guards.
In her hurry, the giant princess dropped her bundle. In the darkness, she was able to find
her shiny jewelry, but not her fan. Ive lost my fan, my beautiful fan, she cried.
The princess could hear the guards coming closer. Come, my dear, he said we
cannot waste any more time. Ill buy you another they fled to the Western Lands where
they were married. The beautiful fan that the giant princess dropped, fell to earth in what is
now Malaysia. Some time later it flated down a river to the sea where it caught on some
rocks and turned into an island. This island is now called Singapore.

25.THE LEGEND OF HOGKONG CITY

A long time ago, there was a village near Arberdeen called Hong Kong Tsun or
Incense Harbour Village. The incense grown there was famous throughout China. Some of
it was even sent to the Chinese Emperor. Some people believe that the name Hong Kong
comes from this village.
One day, the Emperor wanted some incense sent to him from the village. The villagers did
not send it to him. The Emperor then ordered his officer to arrest the village headmen and cut
off their heads. After that, everyone ran away from the village and no more incense was grown
there.
But some other people believe that Hong Kong is named after a container for burning
incense. Long, long ago, this container was picked up in the harbor. It was kept in a tample at
Causeway Bay. The place where it was found was called Hong Kong or Incense Harbour
There is a third story that Hong Kong is named after a woman called Hong ku. She was
the wife of a pirate chief. After her husband died, she became the leader of the pirates. She
then moved to the island which is now called Hong Kong. If this story is true, the name Hong
kong means Hongs Harbour.
According to yet another story, Hong Kong is named after a stream near Pokfulan Road.
The water was very pleasant to drink. Many years ago, people used to go there to collect
drinking water. The stream was called Hong Kong or sweet stream

26.THE LEGEND OF THE

SUN AND MOON

46
 A long time ago when Neopia was still fresh and new there was a happy little Chia by
the name of Sunshine. He lived alone with his owner. Things were simple for him. All his
owner ever did with him was feed him and maybe play some games. Sunshine was happy
though. He felt that his owner loved him and would care for him always. Later, around
February Sunshine noticed that his owner would log on NeoPets more then she used to.
This excited the Chia. "Great!" he thought, "We can play more often now!"

But his owner didn't play with him. She would just log on, look at the news, and then
leave. Although this disappointed Sunshine, he would never lose hope that his owner
would come play with him. Sunshine waited and waited for his owner until February 10th.
His owner logged in as usual. She then looked at the news. But she never logged out.
"Hooray!" Sunshine thought, "She's finally going to play with me!" But instead of clicking
to "games" she clicked "create a pet". Sunshine was horrified. He was an only pet for so
long! Surely his owner wouldn't create a new pet. What if she forgot about him? Sunshine
shook his head. "No! My owner would never forget about me... but, why are we here?"
Sunshine spoke to his owner for the first time in a long time. "Um, why are we h-" but
before he could say another word, his owner snapped. "Be quiet Chia." "Chia?" Sunshine
thought. "Chia? I have a name!" Sunshine began to worry again. "That's it!" he thought. I
have to know what's happening. I'm going to ask what's wrong." But he never got a chance
to.

He saw his owner with a new yellow Peophin. His owner left after that, leaving
Sunshine alone with the new Peophin. "Maybe this won't be so bad! I could have a new
friend!" Sunshine thought. "Hi! I'm Sunshine! What's your name?" he said to the Peophin.
"I am Moonbeam," she replied, "Our owner's new favourite pet." Sunshine felt as if he had
been punched in the stomach. "W-what?" he stammered. "You heard me," Moonbeam
answered. "No, our owner loves us equally!" Sunshine exclaimed. The Peophin laughed,
"No she doesn't. Tomorrow you will see..." "How?" Sunshine demanded, But Moonbeam
never answered him.

The next day Sunshine and Moonbeam's owner logged on to NeoPets bright and early.
She fed Moonbeam but left Sunshine alone. "She's just being nice," Sunshine thought,
"She'll feed me soon." After she fed Moonbeam three bananas she clicked up to the pound.
"Huh?" Sunshine thought. "What's she doing now?" Sunshine was confused and his face
must have shown it because Moonbeam was giggling beside him. "Is she adopting a new
pet?" Sunshine thought. "That must be it." Sunshine's owner picked up Sunshine and put
him on the front desk. "I wish to disown this Chia," she said to Miss Worley.

Sunshine was too shocked to speak. Moonbeam walked up to him and whispered, "I
told you so." She then stepped back and smiled at his scared face. "No!" Sunshine
screamed! "You won't take me!" He then ran out of the pound. He ran until everything
around him was new. He was lost. "Here I am. Ownerless," he thought. Moonbeam was
right. Sunshine was too depressed to do anything, even eat. His health dropped. Every day
he got hungrier but never ate a thing. Eventually his health got down to dying. He
remained in the same area for a long time until one day he heard a cry coming from the
47
 river behind him. He walked over to it and saw a yellow Peophin crying. It was
Moonbeam. She was skinny and dying like he was.

"Moonbeam?" Sunshine cried. Moonbeam turned around and stared at Sunshine. "I-
I'm sorry!" she said. "I never wanted you to go, I just wanted to be the favourite. I thought
it was a joke!" "You don't have to apologise. Our awful owner abandoned us," Sunshine
said calmly. The Peophin looked sad. "I've been out here for so long feeling awful. Not
knowing why I was abandoned. Feeling bad about making you run off." "You didn't make
me run off-" "But I made you feel bad," Moonbeam said. "I'm really and truly sorry."
Sunshine thought for a moment, "I forgive you."

Nobody knows what happened to them after that. It's said that Sunshine became the
sun and Moonbeam became the moon. They both look over Neopia and don't let little pets
run away like they did.

27. THE LEGEND OF PUTRI MABANG

LIMAU
Once, in the ground there lived a young man named Bengkalis Single Enoch. He lived
poor and lonely, fatherless, motherless, there are also brothers. However, he is a good man
and generous heart. His daily work searching for firewood in the forest, which is then sold
to markets or his change with rice and other life needs .

One morning, Single Enoch was walking in the jungle, suddenly he was confronted by a
rattlesnake. "Ssssss ssssss ...... ... ..", the snake was hissing sticking out their tongues toward
Single Enoch. Seeing the snake, Single Enoch trying chased off well, but also do not want
to go. Then he squelched. When he let stand, it is actually a striking snake Single Enoch. By
necessity, Single Enoch was encouraging it to semambu (cane), heirloom heritage of his
late father. Once lecut, the venomous snake was stretched, and died. After seeing the
motionless, Single Enoch immediately bury the snake by the roadside. After that, he began
to collect firewood. When will begin his work, he heard a female voice in the
conversation. "The rattlesnake was dead," said a female voice from the depths upstream
direction. "Thank God, we will not be disturbed snake it again", said another female
voice. Increasingly, voices are more clearly heard by Single Enoch, but he ignored the
voice, and he continues to work to collect fire wood .At mid-day, as usual Single Enoch
returned to his hut. When she went into the kitchen hut, Single Enoch was surprised,
because in the kitchen has been available rice and all the side dishes were delicious
tastes. Because hunger unbearable, he was immediately devoured all the dishes presented
it. While enjoying the food delights, Single Enoch guessing myself, "My mother had died, I

48
did not have relatives, neighbors also very far from here. So who wood? ". The thoughts
kept running through his mind. Out of curiosity, he also intends to seek out people who
serve the food .The next day, Single Enoch carry out his intention to seek out people who
have dared to go inside the hut. That day he decided not to go into the woods. From
morning to afternoon waiting for people coming into the hut. Enoch footman waited in the
bush which was not far from the cottage. By midday, suddenly from the depths, came seven
beautiful girl. They come in a convoy and uphold the dish, and into the hut Single
Enoch. The seventh girl was wearing a rainbow-colored shawl.

However, from the seventh to the girl, the girl who berselendang jinggalah the most
beautiful colors. "Wow, pretty girl who berselendang orange?", Muttered Single Enoch as
he watched the girl to disappear from view .Shortly thereafter, she was seventh out of the
cottage Single Enok, and walked toward the bottom of the river. With careful steps, Single
Enok trailed seventh beautiful girl was up to the edge of the bottom of the river upstream,
then hid in a clump of bushes. Behind bushes, Single Enoch could see the girl's seventh
dressed middle that will bathe. Each girl was lodged shawl on a twig. They shower while
bersendau joke, until he noticed Single Enok not far from where they bathe. A bustling
atmosphere that used Single Enok to take shawl hanging on the branches. From behind the
bushes, Single Enok hooking a stick to the orange shawl. Then he pulled it slowly, then
grabbed the scarf and hide under her clothes.

After that, he went back to hiding behind bushes.After bathing, the seven girls went up
to the edge of the bottom and change clothes. Each took and wore a scarf hanging on the
branches. However, among the seven girls there was a girl who lost scarf. "Shawl me where
?, she asked, looking for a lost scarf. However, nobody knows his whereabouts the
shawl. Then, the girl to continue her search, assisted by six other girls. After a while they
look for, but the orange shawl never found. By late afternoon, the six girls who had been
wearing a scarf, suddenly dancing and then hover fly into space leaving the girl who lost
scarf was alone at the bottom edge.

Meanwhile, Single Enok astonished witnessed the event from behind the bushes.Flunky
Enoch kept looking at her without blinking sixth bit. The higher the fly into space, the
smaller the sixth girl was seen. Until they finally disappeared from view Single Enoch.After
that, the Single Enok out of hiding and approached the girl who was looking shawl. "What
are you looking for, O pretty girl?" Asked Single Enoch. "Sir, if Mr knowing orange scarf,
the scarf I beg give back," pleaded the girl he worshiped. Single Enoch shook his head, then
said: "I am willing to return the orange shawl belonged to a princess, but with the condition,
the princess agreed to marry me," said Enoch footman. "Yes, I promised to marry Sir, as
long as the host can promise anyway, if I had to dance, it means we are divorcing you," said
the beautiful girl with sincerity."Well, I'm willing to remember that promise. Single Enok

49
my name, "said Single Enoch introduce himself. "My name is Mambang Linau," said the
beautiful girl replied.

Since then, they have built an ark love in a household. Flunky Enok and Mambang
Linau live happy, harmonious and fulfilling. Since her marriage to Mambang Linau, Single
Enoch more famous in his village with properties. Single heart enoch was heard by the
king ruling the country. Then the king summoned Single Enoch facing him to be appointed
as inner (village head) in the village adventure. Enoch footman came to the palace.

Once in front of the King, "Please, Your Majesty! What's going to call the king's
servant? "Asked Single Enoch as he saluted. "O Single Enok, will you not make the Inner
my hometown Petalangan? ', The king asked anyway. "Please, Your Majesty! If it is the
will of the King, gladly willing to be a servant of Mind ", Enok Single replied quietly as he
saluted. Single willingness Enok menjadia Inner make the King happy. A few days later,
Single Enok was inducted into the Inner Petalangan village.Since becoming Batin, Single
Enoch became one of the confidence of the King. Each having a party, the King always
invite Single Enoch. One day, the king held a party at the palace. In the party shall be filled
with dances presented by ladies, wives magnifying palace, the wives of the princes and the
king's confidence, including the Single Enok wife, Princess Mambang Linau. Once the
show started, one by one the wives present their dance. Linau Mambang daughter who was
watching the show dance, began pounding. In his heart, "If I come to dance, then I will
divorce with my husband". Just as he selasi muttered, suddenly, "Make Daughter Mambang
Linau," the command of the King of the applause of the audience. Hearing the command of
the king, his heart was more pounding. Single Enok sitting beside him turned to his wife,
"O adinda Mambang Linau, Kakanda uphold the king's command," whispered footman
Enoch. Mambang Linau whisper understand the meaning of her husband, then answered:
"By the king's command respect and gratitude for the prestige of the country, I am willing
to dance," said Mambang Linau while wearing an orange scarf, and then heading to the
stage.Before starting the dance, Putri Mambang Linau first perform movements offerings to
maintain decency and respect in the palace of the King. After that, he began to dance like a
hawk. He waved shawl while flapping-ngepakkannya. Slowly raised his foot as no feet on
the ground. Suddenly Mambang Linau contortionist, and immediately he flew, soaring into
the sky towards heaven. All those present stunned to witness the event. Since then, Princess
Mambang Linau never come back again. Since then, Inner Single Enok divorced love with
Princess Mambang Linau. Single Enok how great sacrifice. He was willing to divorce his
wife for the sake of upholding the decree of the King. Realizing this, the King was awarded
Single Enok an honor that is inducted into the ruling prince in the palace. This event is also
born from a poem that reads:Take the hint of limeTry taste on the ends onceNever mind
going the Mambang LinauServant themselves uphold dustAfter that event, the King of State

50
decreed that to honor the sacrifice Single Enok, then annually held dance event
offerings. This dance tells the story of Princess Mambang Linau since the meeting to
parting with Single Enoch. Because the movement resembles an eagle that was flying (eagle
babegar), the dance was called the dance of eagles. Now, people prefer to call it dance
Riau-Olang Olang. Dance-Olang Olang is usually played to the accompaniment of drum
(gubano) fiddle, calempong and gong. This dance can be found in the districts of Siak and
Merbau, Bengkalis district, Riau, Indonesia.

28.THE LEGEND OF LAKE CETIPENDE

Once upon a time the city is Muara Kaman and the surrounding oceans. The edge of
the sea when it is in Berubus, Muara Kaman Ulu village that is better known as the
Continent Lawas. At that time there was a kingdom that the bookie is crowded because it
is located on the waterfront.

Fames at that time in the kingdom a beautiful princess. The princess named Princess
Aji Bedarah White. He was named so not because if the princess is chewing betel nut and
swallowing water sepahnya behold the red betel juice was flowing through the throat.

Comeliness and oddities Princess Aji White Bedarah this sounds also by a Chinese
king who immediately set out with great Jung and his army and anchored on the sea front
of the palace Aji Bedarah White. China King immediately went ashore to apply for
Princess beautiful.

Before the King of China expressed his courtship, by the princess's first king was
treated to a meal together. But unfortunate for the King of China, he did not know that he
is being tested by a daughter who is not only beautiful girl but also clever and wise.
Central eaten in the meal, the daughter felt disgusted Dining shabbiness of the guests.
King Chinese meal with the way it turned out to sip, do not use hands but directly to the
mouth like a dog.

How her disgust Princess Aji Bedarah White and he felt offended, as if the King of
China does not respect himself besides obviously can not adjust. When complete meal and

51
a cover of King of China filed, not necessarily the princess refused to full wrath, saying,
"How vile a princess destined to human way of eating just sip like a dog."

Insults extraordinary course angered the king also remarkable in Chinese. Already her
application was rejected, also received insults. Since it is very embarrassed and angry,
there is no way other than redeemed with any violence to subdue White Princess Aji
Bedarah. He immediately headed to jungnya to come back with all the powerful army to
destroy the kingdom and the captivating Princess.

Even mighty war between the armies of China came to pass that came like a tidal wave
from the sea against the army of the White Bedarah Aji.

Turns army Bedarah Aji White can not fend off the invasion of the armies of China's
raging with ferocious. The daughter who witnessed the battle that is not balanced it feels
sad mixed furious. He had imagined that the war would be won by the Chinese army.
Because there was a rage.

Daughter immediately eat the leaves as he says, "If I'm right this incarnation of the
king of magic, then so be it junk-sepahku centipedes, millipedes that can destroy the King
of China along with the whole army." After saying so, disemburkannyalah junk from his
mouth toward the middle of the battle was raging. With the blink of an eye junk betel
daughter had been transformed into thousands tails centipede big ones, then ruthlessly
attacked the Chinese army raging.

Chinese armies who fought with the mighty one by one destroyed. Soldiers who
knows unchallenged centipede attack it, ran cross-crotch to jungnya. Similarly, the King.
They intend to leave Muara Kaman with tremendous lipannya it, but it turns out they were
not given a chance by centipedes, millipedes Muara Kaman was to leave alive. Because
centipedes, millipedes it has diucap to destroy the King and the army of China, then with
their corrugated Jung stormed all the way to China. The king and the whole army of China
not can range anywhere again and finally they destroyed everything. Jung they were
drowned as well.

52
 Meanwhile Aji White Bedarah soon disappear with the occult, who knows where and
together with her daughter occult, occult precisely the Brave Water Wells, as the powerful
energy force that kingdom. Points Jung Raja China sinking and the sea its shallow then
became a land with a wide field that is then referred to until now as the Lake Centipede.

29.THE LEGEND OF TANGKUBAN MOUNTAIN

Once upon a time, there was a kingdom in Priangan Land. Lived a happy family.
They were a father in form of dog,his name is Tumang, a mother which was called is
Dayang Sumbi, and a child which was called Sangkuriang.
One day, Dayang Sumbi asked her son to go hunting with his lovely dog, Tumang.
After hunting all day, Sangkuriang began desperate and worried because he hunted no
deer. Then he thought to shot his own dog. Then he took the dog liver and carried home.
Soon Dayang Sumbi found out that it was not deer lever but Tumangs, his own dog.
So, She was very angry and hit Sangkuriangs head. In that incident, Sangkuriang got
wounded and scar then cast away from their home.
Years go bye, Sangkuriang had travel many places and finally arrived at a village. He
met a beautiful woman and felt in love with her. When they were discussing their wedding
plans, The woman looked at the wound in Sangkuriangs head. It matched to her sons
wound who had left severall years earlier. Soon she realized that she felt in love with her
own son.
She couldnt marry him but how to say it. Then, she found the way. She needed a lake
and a boat for celebrating their wedding day. Sangkuriang had to make them in one night.
He built a lake. With a dawn just moment away and the boat was almost complete. Dayang
Sumbi had to stop it. Then, she lit up the eastern horizon with flashes of light. It made the
cock crowed for a new day.
Sangkuriang failed to marry her. She was very angry and kicked the boat. It felt over
and became the mountain of Tangkuban Perahu Bandung.

30.THE LEGEND OF THE SOUL IN THE

MOUNTAIN RICE

TISNA WATI lived with her father, Batara Guru, in the god's heaven. Now Tisna Wati
was a most beautiful and charming little goddess, but she wasn't at all happy in the gods 7
heaven.
53
 Sometimes, when she looked down at the earth, far below her, and saw people busy at
their various tasks, she would sigh, "Oh, if only I could be an ordinary mortal!" -

And when her father had gone forth to do battle with the giants and the demons of the air,
she would mourn because she could not go with him. When he came back, she would be
pouting and out of humor.

One day, when she was especially surly, her father lost his temper. "Come here!"
he ordered in a stem voice. "Your grumbling and your silly whims annoy me, and
nothing would please me better than to send you down to earth to become an
ordinary mortal. Alas, I cannot do that because you have drunk of the life-water and
are immortal. But I have thought of something else for you. Til choose one of the
young gods to be your husband, and he will soon teach you to get over your bad
moods!"

"Oh, I already know of someone who could be my husband, Father/' the little
goddess cried happily.

"Who can that be?" her father demanded. "Not one of those awful air giants, I hope.
Because I absolutely forbid you to marry the son of one of my enemies."

"Oh, no, Father, it's not one of the buatas. And he doesn't live in the air, nor in the
gods 7 heaven, either. He lives on the earth. Look down . . . you can see him now.
He's that handsome young man who is plowing the rice field that lies on the side of
the hill."

"But that's the son of a man!" her father said angrily. "He's an ordinary mortal! You
can't marry him; you are the daughter of a god! You shall never marry him. I won't
permit it!"

"But I will marry him!" Tisna Wati shrieked, stamping her tiny foot. "I will never
marry anyone else. He shall be my husband even if I have to leave this place
forever."

54
"And I say that you shall never marry him!" her father stormed. "I'd rather change
you into a rice stalk. And let me tell you that just as soon as possible I will choose a
son of one of the gods to be your husband. Do you understand?"

When Tisna Wati saw how angry her father was, she was afraid that her fate
would be the same as that of Dewi Sri, the lovely wife of the great god Vishnu, who
disobeyed her husband and was killed by him and changed into a rice stalk. It was
her deathless spirit that lived in the fields of rice, the sawahs.

But Tisna Wati was not as meek as Dewi Sri. She would never let herself be
changed into a rice stalk. And certainly she would never, never marry a son of one
of the gods! She had set her heart on the handsome young mortal, plowing his fields
on the hillside.

Egrly the next day her father left to seek a husband for her. But just as he was
setting out, word came to him that the giants of the air and the evil demons were
threatening the gods again, and he would have to go to war against them.

"When I come back, however, bring your husband with me," he said to his
daughter.

Tisna Wati said meekly, 'Very well, Father." But as soon as he had left, she
leaped on the wings of the wind and was floated down to earth. The wind was kind
to her and took her close to the hillside where the young man was plowing his rice
field.

Tisna Wati said to herself, "Now I can really see him close/' And she sat down
on the slope of the hill to wait for the young man to notice her.

When he turned at the end of a row, he saw her. And he thought she was as
beautiful as a vision. He came to her and said, wonderingly, ''What are you looking
for, lovely maiden?'

"I'm looking for my husband/ Tisna Wati answered, laughing.

It was such a strange answer that the young man began to laugh, too, and they
laughed together. They laughed because they were happy and in love, and the sound
of their laughter rose to the heavens. That was their undoing.

For when their voices reached the place where Tisna Wati's father was battling

55
against the giants and the demons, he heard it. He stopped and listened. That was his
daughter's voice! And the voice of a strange young man! He bent and looked toward
the earth . . . and there he saw his daughter,
sitting beside a handsome young man, and their joyous laughter was louder to him
than the noise of battle.

Raving with anger, Batara Guru gave up the battle with his enemies and flew down
to earth. When he came to the hillside where his daughter sat beside the young man,
he thundered, "Come with me at once! I'm taking you back to
the gods' heaven."

But Tisna Wati had no desire to return to the gods' heaven. She was in love with the
young man, and her love was stronger than her father's will.

"No," she said firmly, "I am never going back. I'd rather become an ordinary mortal
and stay here on earth with my beloved."

"Then stay you shall!" her father roared angrily. "But not as the daughter of a god,
and not as a mortal, either! You shall become a rice stalk and your spirit shall
become one with this rice field." Even as he spoke, Tisna Wati changed from a
goddess into a slim rice stalk.

When the slender rice stalk bent toward the young man, he stroked it with loving
fingers. His plowing was forgotten, everything was forgotten, and in his sorrow he
could only gaze at the graceful stalk that had been his beloved Tisna Wati.

When Batara Guru saw this, he was overcome with remorse. "I could have left
them together," he said. "Now I cannot change her back . . . she must remain a rice
stalk forever, for her spirit is already here in this rice field. But
perhaps I could change him into a rice stalk, too'

When he had done this, he saw how the two stalks bent toward each other, as if
they were telling how much they loved one another. He watched them a while, and
shook his great head. "It is well/' he muttered to himself, and flew back to the gods'
heaven.

And ever since that day, the story says, the spirit of Tisna Wati has been in the
mountain rice, just as the spirit of Dewi Sri is in the sawah rice.

But where the spirit of the handsome young man went, no one knows.

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 FABLE
DEFENITION

ACCORDING TO EXPERT
STRUCTURE OF FABLE
THE STORY OF FABLE
1.A greedy dog story
A greedy dog stole a large piece of tender meat from a butchers shop. He
grasped the meat tightly between his teeth and ran home with it.

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 On the way home, he came to a small bridge over a stream. As he was crossing
the bridge, he looked down and saw his own reflection in the water below; he
thought it was another dog that he saw.

In this other dogs mouth he saw another large piece of meat.

If I can get the meat from that other dog, I will have two pieces instead of one,
thought the greedy dog.

So, he bent down to get the meat and, as he opened his jaws, the meat fell out
and was quickly lost in the water. So, in the end, the dog had nothing. He had been
punished by his greed.

2.The vulture, the elephant and the rabbit story

Many years ago in Cambodia. There lived the King of the Vultures. One right, he
dreamed that if he could eat the flesh of white elephant, he could become king of the
whole of south-east Asia.

When he woke, he told his servants to catch a white elephant for him. Two of them,
dressed in golden uniforms, flew to where they knew a white elephant was living.

Oeu, friend elephant, our master has sent us to fetch you to the place as he would
like to eat white elephants flesh.

The white elephant was frightened to hear this. However, there was nothing he could
do as the King of the Vultures was so powerful.

He said goodbye to his wife and children and left for

the Vulture Kings palace.

On his way there, he met his friend, Mr. Rabbit. Where are you going, asked the
rabbit, and why do you look so sad? the white elephant told him what had happened.

What are you going to do? Youve a wife and family to look after. Let me come
along with you. Im sure Ill be able to find some way to make the King of the Vultures
change his mind.

The elephant was very happy to hear this.Mr. Rabbit sat on his head and travelled
with him to the King of the vultures palace.

Welcome! Welcome! cried the King of the vultures. On seeing the white elephant
arrive. Ive been waiting such along time for you. Im afraid I shall have to eat you up
straight away.

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 He told the elephant to kneel down so he could cut off a piece of his trunk. The King
of the Vultures then saw Mr. Rabbit sitting on the elephants head, holding on to his two
ears.

Who are you? he asked. If you dont jump down immediately. Ill eat you up as
well.

Please wait a moment, said Mr. Rabbit. Can You please tell me what the trouble
is?
The King of the Vultures told him about his dream. Really! said Mr. Rabbit, As a
matter of fact, Ive just had a dream myself of marrying your sister. You cant do that!
the king of the Vultures shouted.

In that case, answered Mr. Rabbit, to the quite fair, you cant eat the elephant
other. The King of the Vultures had to admit that what Mr. Rabbit had said was right.

The elephant returned home to his family and his friend, Mr. Rabbit hopped off back
to his home in the forest.

3. WHY THE FROGS EYE BULGY STORY

Once upon a time, the only fire on earth was guarded by two giants. No one dared ask
them for any of it.

At long last, a brave man thought of a plan. He called together all his animal friends
and asked them to help him. He told a frog to wait just outside the village where he was
living. A little beyond the frog, he placed a horse; beyond the horse, he placed a cat; Sbeyond
the cat, he placed a dog and beyond the dog, he placed a lion. Beyond the lion was the house
where the giants lived.

The man then went to call on the giants. They were pleased to see him as they felt
rather lonely living by themselves.
Can you please let me have some of your fire? he asked them. No one else has any
fire at all.

The giants shook their heads. the fire belongs to us and we cant give any of it away.
They replied.

The man then made a sign out of the window to the lion. The lion began to roar; the
dog to bark; the cat to meow; the horse to neigh and the frog to croak. The giant rushed out
to see what was the matter.

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 As soon as they did so, the man pick up a piece of burning wood from the fire. He ran
away with it as fast as he could. The giant saw what had happened and chased after him.
The man gave the piece of burning wood to the lion. It was soon passed on from animal to
animal until it reached the frog. The frog hopped straight for the village. But the giant caught
him by the tail. The poor frog was so frightened that his eyes almost fell out, he jumped
once more and landed in the middle of village. Carrying the fire with him. But he left behind
his tail in the giants hands. So the people in the village were able to obtain fire for the first
time. but the poor frog lost his tail and his eyes have bulged ever sinc

4. A BEAR AND RABBIT

Once upon a time there lived as neighbours, a bear and a rabbit. Unlike the bear, the
rabbit was a good hunter. Therefore, the bear always asked the rabbit to hunt for him. The
rabbit could not refuse the bears demand because he is afraid of the bear.

Every week, the rabbit went to the woods to shoot buffaloes. He shot and killed so
many buffaloes. However, the bear was very gluttonous. He did not allow the rabbit to get
any meats. Poor rabbit would have to go home hungry all the time.

The bear was the father of five children. The mother bear always gave her youngest
boy an extra large piece of meat. But the baby bear never ate the extra meat. Secretly, he
would take the meat outside and pretend to play ball with it. Then, the baby bear would kick
down the meat towards the rabbits house. When he got close to the door, he would give the
meat such a great kick that it would fly into the rabbits house. In this way, poor rabbit would
get his meal unknown to the papa bear.

5.A FOX AND LITTLE RABBIT

Once upon a time in the jungle, there lived a fox. His name was Rox. No one didnt
know him. Everybody in the jungle was afraid of him because his face and style looked very
vicious.
One day, in a beautiful summer morning, when Rox was drinking at the side of river, he
saw a little rabbit in danger. A snake came sneaking behind the little rabbit. The snake was
going to eat it. Rox jumped over the snake as soon as possible and scared it away.
The little rabbit then felt relieved that Rox just saved his life from the threat of the
dangerous snake. After that, it told the whole jungle that Rox was a kind fox. He just saved
its life. There was no need to be afraid of him anymore.

6.THE RABBITS TAIL

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 Many years ago, rabbits had long tails, not short ones, and crocodiles had tongues. One
such long-tailed rabbit lived near a pond. He drank water from the pond and the grass nearby.

Now, in the pond lived a crocodile. The crocodile saw the rabbit eating grass and
drinking water, and he thought how nice it would be to eat the rabbit.

One day the crocodile swam very close to the edge of the pond. He lay still in the water,
hoping that the rabbit wouldnt see him. When the rabbit came to drink
, the crocodile opened his mouth wide. Then he closed it with a snap. The rabbit was
caught between the crocodiles sharp teeth!

Of course, the rabbit was very frightened, but he did not want the crocodile to know
this. Im not afraid of you, said the rabbit. Im only afraid of animals that roar. Everyone
knows that crocodiles cant roar, so you cant frighten me.

When the crocodile heard this, he became very angry. He wanted to show the rabbit
that he could roar as fiercely as a tiger. And so, the crocodile opened his mouth to roar.
When the crocodile opened his mouth, the clever rabbit jumped free. As he jumped, the
rabbits sharp toe-nails caught the crocodiles tongue and tore it out.

The crocodile tried to catch the rabbit again, but his great teeth only snapped off the
end of the rabbits tail. Again and again the crocodile tried to catch the rabbit, but the rabbit
was too quick for him. Sometimes the crocodile caught a piece of the rabbits tail, but he
could never roar at the rabbit because he had lost his tongue.

That is why rabbit today have short tail, and crocodiles have no tongue.

7.THE UGLY DUCKING

One upon time, a mother duck sat on her eggs. She felt tired of sitting on them. She
just wished the eggs would break out. Several days later, she got her wish. The eggs
cracked and some cute little ducklings appeared. Peep, peep the little ducklings cried.
Quack, quack their mother greeted in return.

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 However the largest egg had not cracked. The mother duck sat on it for several days.
Finally, it cracked and a huge ugly duckling waddled out. The mother duck looked at him
in surprise. He was so big and very gray. He didnt look like the others at all. He was like
a turkey.

When the mother duck brought the children to the pond for their first swimming
lesson. The huge grey duckling splashed and paddled about just as nicely as the other
ducklings did. That is not a turkey chick. He is my very own son and quite handsome
the mother said proudly. However, the other animals didnt agree. They hissed and made
fun of him day by day. Even his own sisters and brothers were very unkind. You are very
ugly they quacked. The little poor duckling was very unhappy. I wish I looked like
them he thought to himself. One day, the ugly duckling run away and hid in the bushes.
The sad duckling lived alone through the cold and snow winter.

Finally the spring flowers began to bloom. While he was swimming in the pond, he
saw three large white swans swimming toward him. Oh, dear. these beautiful birds will
laugh and peck me too he said to himself. But the swans did not attack him. Instead, they
swam around him and stroked him with their bills. As the ugly duckling bent his neck to
speak to them, he saw his reflection in the water. He could not believe his eyes. I am not
an ugly duckling but a beautiful swam he exclaimed.

He was very happy. From that day on, he swam and played with his new friends and
was happier than he had never been.

8.MOTHER SPIDER
It was a beautiful day in midsummer. The meadow was alive with busy little people astir
in the bright sunlight. A long line of ants came crawling down the path, carrying provisions
to their home under the elm tree; and an old toad came hopping down through the grass,
blinking in the warm sun. just a little higher up the bees were droning drowsily as they flew
from flower to flower; and above them all, seeming almost in the blue sky, a robin was
calling to his mate.

Pretty soon Mrs. Spider came down the path. She seemed to be in a great hurry. She
looked neither to [213] the right nor to the left, but kept straight ahead, holding tightly to a
little, white bag which she carried in her mouth. She was just rushing past Mr. Toad when a
big, black beetle came bumping by, stumbled against Mrs. Spider and knocked the bag out of
her mouth.

In an instant Mrs. Spider pounced down upon him, and, though he was so much bigger
than she, he tumbled over on his back. While he was trying to kick himself right side up once
more, Mrs. Spider made a quick little dash, took up her bag, and scuttled off through the
grass.

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 "Well, I never!" said Grasshopper Green, who was playing see-saw on a blade of grass.

"No, nor I," grumbled Mr. Beetle, as he wriggled back to his feet. "I didn't want her bag.
She needn't have made such a fuss."

"She must have had something very fine in that bag," said Grasshopper Green, "for she
was so frightened when she dropped it. I wonder what it was"and he balanced himself on
his grass blade until a stray breeze blew him off, and then he straightway forgot about Mrs.
Spider altogether.

Two weeks after this, Grasshopper Green started out for a little exercise before breakfast.
Just as he reached the edge of the brook, he saw Mrs. Spider coming toward him. She was
moving quite slowly, and no longer carried the little, white bag. As she came nearer, he could
see that she had something on her back.

"Good morning, neighbor," called Grasshopper Green; "can I help you carry your things?"

"Thank you," she said, "but they wouldn't stay with you, even if they could stay on when
you give such great jumps."

[214] "They!" said Grasshopper Green. And then, as he came nearer, he saw that the
things on Mrs. Spider's back were wee, little baby spiders.

"Aren't they pretty children?" she asked, proudly. "I was so afraid that something would
happen to my eggs that I never let go of the bag once, except when that stupid Mr. Beetle
knocked it out of my mouth."

"O-ho," said Grasshopper Green, "so that was what frightened you so! Your bag was full
of eggs! and, now, you are going to carry all those children on your back? Doesn't it tire you
dreadfully?"

"I don't mind that a bit," said Mrs. Spider, "if only the children are well and safe. In a little
while, you know, they will be able to run about by themselves, and then we shall be so happy
here in the meadow grass. Oh, it's well worth the trouble, neighbor Grasshopper."

"Yes," said Grasshopper Green, "I have a dozen wee boys of my own at home; and that
reminds me that it is time to go home to breakfast! Good-bye, neighbor. I hope the children
will soon be running about with you. You certainly are taking good care of them. Good-bye."

Then home he went; and proud, happy Mother Spider kept on her way to hunt for a
breakfast for the babies she loved so well.

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 9. THE SMART DEER AND THE DULL
CROCODILE
One day there was a monkey. He wanted to cross a river. There he saw a crocodile so
he asked the crocodile to take him across the other side of the river. The crocodile agree
and told the monkey to jump on its back. Then the crocodile swam down the river with the
monkey on his top.
Unluckily, the crocodile was very hungry, he stopped in the middle of the river and
said to the monkey, My father is very sick. He has to eat the heart of the monkey. So he
will be healthy again.
At the time, the monkey was in dangerous situation and he had to think hard. Then he
had a good idea. He told the crocodile to swim back to the river bank. Whats for? asked
the crocodile. Because I dont bring my heart, said the monkey. I left it under a tree,
near some coconuts in the river bank.
The crocodile agreed and turned around. He swam back to the bank of the river. As
soon as they reached the river bank, the monkey jumped off the crocodiles back. Then he
climbed up to the top of a tree.
Where is your heart? asked the crocodile. You are foolish, said the monkey to the
crocodile. Now I am free and I have my heart.

10.THE MOUSE DEER AND THE TIGER

One day, there was a mouse deer. He was thirsty so he wanted to drink on the river.
When the mouse deer came next to the rive, a tiger approached him and wanted to eat him.
Of course the mouse deer tried to escape, but the tiger run faster and caught him. In that
dangerous situation the mouse deer thought hard how to escape the tiger. Then he got idea
and said to the tiger, Listen! Your mightiness and toughness are all great! But I have my
own king. He has a greater strength than yours! I am sure that nobody can match his
powers! Because the tiger felt taunted, he declared that he would challenge the mouse
deers king.
Next the mouse lead the tiger to the river, and said, Now Look at the water. You will
see my king Foolishly the tiger looked in the river and surely saw another tiger in the
water. Then he growled, but the tiger in the river imitated to growl too. Because of his too
high self pride, the tiger jumped into the water, and wanted to fight. He was believing
there was another tiger in the water.

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 The mouse deer took that opportunity to escape. After fighting with himself in the river,
the tiger realized that he was fooled by the mouse deer.

11.THE MOUSE AND THE ELEPHANT

One day, there was a mouse deer. He was trapped in a hole that had been made by a
group of hunters.
The mouse deer screamed for help but no one heard him. It was hopeless for him to
escape from the trap. He waited and waited and finally an elephant came. He was happy
and asked for help but the elephant was not smart enough to help him. The elephant did
not know how to do.
In the end, the mouse deer got a bright idea. He said to the elephant, Come down here!
Come down to this hole so you can help me get out! Foolishly The elephant agreed and
followed the mouse deers order.

The elephant jumped down to the hole.Of course the mouse deer quickly hopped on
the elephants body and then hopped out of the hole. He was free and leaving the elephant
trapped in the hole in turn.

12.THE RABBIT AND THE BEAR

Once upon a time, there lived as neighbors, a bear and a rabbit. The rabbit was a good
shot. In contrary, the bear was always clumsy and could not use the arrow to good
advantage.
One day, the bear called over the rabbit and asked the rabbit to take his bow and arrows
and came with bear to the other side of the hill. The rabbit was preventing to arouse the
bears anger so he could not refuse it. He consented and went with the bear and shot
enough buffalo to satisfy the hungry family. Indeed he shot and killed so many that there
was lots of meat left after the bear and his family had loaded themselves and packed all
they could carry home.
The bear was very gluttonous and did not want the rabbit to get any of the meat. The
rabbit could not even taste the blood from the butchering as the bear would throw earth on
the blood and dry it up. The poor rabbit would have to go home hungry after his hard
days work.
The bear was the father of five children. The youngest child was very kind to the rabbit.
He was very hearty eater. The mother bear always gave him an extra large piece of meat
but the youngest child did not eat it. He would take it outside with him and pretended to
play ball with the meat. He kicked toward the rabbits house and when he got close to the
door he would give the meat with such a great kick. The meat would fly into the rabbits
house. In this way, the poor rabbit would get his meal unknown to the papa bear.

13.THE CROW AND THE JUG

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 On a hot day, a thirsty crow flew over a field looking for water. For a long time, she
could not find any. She left very exhausted. She almost gave up.
Suddenly, she saw water jug below her. She flew straight down to see if there was any
water inside. It was surprised because there was some water inside the jug.
The crow tried to push her head into the jug. Sadly she found that the neck of the jug
was too narrow. Then she tried to push the jug down for the water to flow out but she
found that the jug was too heavy.
The crow thought hard for a while. Then she was looking around. She saw some
pebbles. She suddenly had a good idea. She started picking up the pebbles one by one,
dropping it into the jug. As more and more pebbles filled the jug, the water level kept
rising. Soon it was high enough for the crow to drink. Its working she said.

14.A WOLF AND THE DOG

Once there was a wolf who was nearly dead with hunger. He was very thin, so that the
outline of his bones could be seen clearly beneath his thinning coat of hair. With hardly
enough energy to walk, the wolf had little hope of finding food. As he lay beneath a large
tree, a dog out for a walk noticed him. Seeing how thin and hungry-looking the wolf was,
the dog felt sorry for him and said, "You are in terrible shape! You look as if you haven't
eaten for many days."

"You're right," said the wolf. "I haven't eaten because you and your friends are doing such
a good job of guarding the sheep. Now I am so weak that I have little hope of finding food.
I think I will surely die."

Then why not join us? Asked the dog. "I work regularly and I eat regularly. You could
do the same. I will arrange it. You can help me and the other dogs guard the sheep. In that
way, we won't have to worry about your stealing the sheep any more and you won't have
to worry about going hungry any more. It's a good deal for both of us."

The wolf thought it over for a few minutes and then decided that the dog was right. So
they went off together toward the ranch house where the dog lived. But, as they were
walking, the wolf noticed that the hair on a certain part of the dog's neck was very thin. He
was curious about this, for the dog had such a beautiful coat every where else. Finally, he
asked the dog about it.

"Oh, don't worry about that," said the dog. "It's the place where the collar rubs on my neck
when my master chains me up at night."

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 "Chained up!" cried the wolf, "Do you mean that you are chained up at night? If I come to
live with you, will I be chained up at night too?"

That's right," answered the dog. "But, You'll get used to it soon enough. I hardly think
about it anymore."

"But, if I am chained up, then I won't be able to walk when I want to take a walk or to run
where I want to run," the wolf said. "If I come to live with you, I won't be free anymore."
After saying this, the wolf turned and ran away.

15.A FOX AND A CAT

One day a cat and a fox were having a conversation. The fox, who was a conceited
creature, boasted how clever she was. 'Why, I know at least a hundred tricks to get away
from our mutual enemies, the dogs,' she said.

'I know only one trick to get away from dogs,' said the cat. 'You should teach me some of
yours!'

'Well, maybe some day, when I have the time, I may teach you a few of the simpler ones,'
replied the fox airily.

Just then they heard the barking of a pack of dogs in the distance. The barking grew louder
and louder - the dogs were coming in their direction! At once the cat ran to the nearest tree
and climbed into its branches, well out of reach of any dog. 'This is the trick I told you about,
the only one I know,' said the cat. 'Which one of your hundred tricks are you going to use?'

The fox sat silently under the tree, wondering which trick she should use. Before she could
make up her mind, the dogs arrived. They fell upon the fox and tore her to pieces.

Moral : A single plan that works is better than a hundred doubtful plans.

16.A MOUSE AND A LION

Once, as a lion lay sleeping in his den, a naughty little mouse ran up his tail, onto his

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back, up his mane and danced and jumped on his head, so that the lion woke up.

lion angry grabbed the mouse and, holding him in his large claws, roared in anger. 'How
dare you wake me up! Don't you know that I am King of the Beasts? Anyone who disturbs
my rest deserves to die! I shall kill you and eat you!'

The terrified mouse, shaking and trembling, begged the lion to let him go. 'Please don't
eat me Your Majesty! I did not mean to wake you, it was a mistake. I was only playing.
Please let me go - and I promise I will be your friend forever. Who knows but one day I
could save your life?'

The lion looked at the tiny mouse and laughed. 'You save my life? What an absurd
idea!' he said scornfully. 'But you have made me laugh, and put me into a good mood
again, so I shall let you go.' And the lion opened his claws and let the mouse go free.

'Oh thank you, your majesty,' squeaked the mouse, and scurried away as fast as he could.

A few days later the lion was caught in a hunter's snare. Struggle as he might, he
couldn't break free and became even more entangled in the net of ropes. He let out a roar
of anger that shook the forest. Every animal heard it, including the tiny mouse.

The mouse was rushing to the source of its roar and he found the lion was powerless.
The mouse then bit the rope that cought the lion so that the lion can escape from the trap.
The lions are very grateful to the mouse, and they became friends best forever.

17.THE GOOSE AND THE GOLDEN EGG

Once a farmer went to the nest of his goose and found there an egg, all yellow and
shiny. When he picked it up, it was heavy as a rock. 1 He was about to throw it away
because he thought that someone was playing a trick on him. 2 But on second thought, he
took it home, and discovered to his delight that it was an egg of pure gold!

He sold the egg for a lot of money. Every morning the goose laid another golden egg,
and the farmer soon became rich by selling the eggs.

As he grew rich, he also grew greedy. 6 Why should I have to wait to get only one
egg a day? he thought. I will cut open the goose and take all the eggs out of her at once.

When the goose heard the farmers plan, she fl ew away to a nearby farm. So when the

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farmer came out the next day, do you know what he found in the gooses nest? 8 Nothing.

Moral: Someone who wants more often loses all. When you want something, be patient. If
you are greedy, you might lose what you already have.

18.THE TONGUE CUT SPARROW

Once upon a time there lived an old man and an old woman. The old man, who had a
kind heart, kept a young sparrow, which he tenderly nurtured. But the dame was a cross-
grained old thing; and one day, when the sparrow had pecked at some paste with which
she was going to starch her linen, she flew into a great rage, and cut the sparrow's tongue
and let it loose.

When the old man came home from the hills and found that the bird had flown, he asked
what had become of it; so the old woman answered that she had cut its tongue and let it go,
because it had stolen her starching-paste. Now the old man, hearing this cruel tale, was
sorely grieved, and thought to himself: "Alas! Where can my bird be gone? Poor thing!
Poor little tongue-cut sparrow! Where is your home now?" and he wandered far and wide,
seeking for his pet, and crying: "Mr. Sparrow! Mr. Sparrow! Where are you living?"

One day, at the foot of a certain mountain, the old man fell in with the lost bird; and when
they had congratulated one another on their mutual safety, the sparrow led the old man to
his home, and, having introduced him to his wife and chicks, set before him all sorts of
dainties, and entertained him hospitably.

"Please partake of our humble fare," said the sparrow. Poor as it is, you are very
welcome."

"What a polite sparrow!" answered the old man, who remained for a long time as the
sparrow's guest, and was daily feasted right royally. At last the old man said that he must
take his leave and return home; and the bird, offering him two wicker baskets, begged him
to carry them with him as a parting present. One of the baskets was heavy, and the other
was light; so the old man, saying that as he was feeble and stricken in years he would only
accept the light one, shouldered it, and trudged off home, leaving the sparrow family
disconsolate at parting from him.
When the old man got home, the dame grew very angry, and began to scold him saying:
"Well, and pray where have you been this many a day? A pretty thing, indeed, to be
gadding about at your time of life!"

"Oh!" replied he, "I have been on a visit to the sparrows; and when I came away, they gave
me this wicker basket as a parting gift." Then they opened the basket to see what was
inside, and, lo and behold, it was full of gold and silver and precious things. When the old

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woman, who was as greedy as she was cross, saw all the riches displayed before her, she
changed her scolding strain, and could not contain herself for joy.

"I'll go and call upon the sparrows, too," said she, "and get a pretty present." So she asked
the old man the way to the sparrows' house, and set forth on her journey.

Following his direction, she at last met the tongue-cut sparrow, and exclaimed: "Well met!
Well met, Mr. Sparrow! I have been looking forward to the pleasure of seeing you." So
she tried to flatter and cajole the sparrow by soft speeches.

The bird could not but invite the dame to its home; but it took no pains to feast her, and
said nothing about a parting gift. She, however, was not to be put off; so she asked for
something to carry away with her in remembrance of her visit. The sparrow accordingly
produced two baskets, as before, and the greedy old woman, choosing the heavier of the
two, carried it off with her. But when she opened the basket to see what was inside, all
sorts of hobgoblins and elves sprang out of it, and began to torment her.

But the old man adopted a son, and his family grew rich and prosperous. What a happy old
man!
19.THE BOY WHO CRIED WOLF
There was once a young shepherd boy who tended his sheep at the foot of a mountain
near a dark forest. 1 It was lonely for him watching the sheep all day. No one was near,
except for three farmers he could sometimes see working in the fi elds in the valley below.

One day the boy thought of a plan that would help him get a little company and have
some fun. He ran down toward the valley crying, Wolf! Wolf!

The men ran to meet him, and after they found out there was no wolf after all, one man
remained to talk with the boy awhile.

The boy enjoyed the company so much that a few days later he tried the same prank
again, and again the men ran to help him.

A few days later, a real wolf came from the forest and began to steal the sheep. The
startled 6 boy ran toward the valley, and more loudly than ever he cried, Wolf! Wolf!

But the men, who had been fooled twice before, thought that the boy was tricking them
again. So no one came to help the boy save his sheep.

Moral: If you often dont tell the truth, people wont believe you even when you are telling
the truth.

20. CAT AND MOUSE IN PARTNERSHIP

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 A certain cat had made the acquaintance of a mouse, and had said so much to her about
the great love and friendship she felt for her, that at length the mouse agreed that they should
live and keep house together. 'But we must make a provision for winter, or else we shall
suffer from hunger,' said the cat; 'and you, little mouse, cannot venture everywhere, or you
will be caught in a trap some day.' The good advice was followed, and a pot of fat was
bought, but they did not know where to put it.

At length, after much consideration, the cat said: 'I know no place where it will be better
stored up than in the church, for no one dares take anything away from there. We will set it
beneath the altar, and not touch it until we are really in need of it.' So the pot was placed in
safety, but it was not long before the cat had a great yearning for it, and said to the mouse:
'I want to tell you something, little mouse; my cousin has brought a little son into the world,
and has asked me to be godmother; he is white with brown spots, and I am to hold him over
the font at the christening.

Let me go out today, and you look after the house by yourself.' 'Yes, yes,' answered the
mouse, 'by all means go, and if you get anything very good to eat, think of me. I should like
a drop of sweet red christening wine myself.' All this, however, was untrue; the cat had no
cousin, and had not been asked to be godmother. She went straight to the church, stole to
the pot of fat, began to lick at it, and licked the top of the fat off.

Then she took a walk upon the roofs of the town, looked out for opportunities, and then
stretched herself in the sun, and licked her lips whenever she thought of the pot of fat, and
not until it was evening did she return home. 'Well, here you are again,' said the mouse, 'no
doubt you have had a merry day.' 'All went off well,' answered the cat. 'What name did they
give the child?' 'Top off!' said the cat quite coolly. 'Top off!' cried the mouse, 'that is a very
odd and uncommon name, is it an usual one in your family?' 'What does that matter,' said
the cat, 'it is no worse than Crumb-stealer, as your godchildren are called.'

Before long the cat was seized by another fit of yearning. She said to the mouse: 'You
must do me a favour, and once more manage the house for a day alone. I am again asked to
be godmother, and, as the child has a white ring round its neck, I cannot refuse.' The good
mouse consented, but the cat crept behind the town walls to the church, and devoured half
the pot of fat. 'Nothing ever seems so good as what one keeps to oneself,' said she, and was
quite satisfied with her day's work. When she went home the mouse inquired: 'And what
was the child christened?' 'Half-done,' answered the cat. 'Half-done! What are you saying?
I never heard the name in my life, I'll wager anything it is not in the calendar!'

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 The cat's mouth soon began to water for some more licking. 'All good things go in threes,'
said she, 'I am asked to stand godmother again. The child is quite black, only it has white
paws, but with that exception, it has not a single white hair on its whole body; this only
happens once every few years, you will let me go, won't you?' 'Top- off! Half-done!'
answered the mouse, 'they are such odd names, they make me very thoughtful.' 'You sit at
home,' said the cat, 'in your dark-grey fur coat and long tail, and are filled with fancies, that's
because you do not go out in the daytime.' During the cat's absence the mouse cleaned the
house, and put it in order, but the greedy cat entirely emptied the pot of fat.

'When everything is eaten up one has some peace,' said she to herself, and well filled and
fat she did not return home till night. The mouse at once asked what name had been given
to the third child. 'It will not please you more than the others,' said the cat. 'He is called All-
gone.' 'All-gone,' cried the mouse 'that is the most suspicious name of all! I have never seen
it in print. All-gone; what can that mean?' and she shook her head, curled herself up, and lay
down to sleep.

From this time forth no one invited the cat to be godmother, but when the winter had come
and there was no longer anything to be found outside, the mouse thought of their provision,
and said: 'Come, cat, we will go to our pot of fat which we have stored up for ourselves
we shall enjoy that.' 'Yes,' answered the cat, 'you will enjoy it as much as you would enjoy
sticking that dainty tongue of yours out of the window.' They set out on their way, but when
they arrived, the pot of fat certainly was still in its place, but it was empty.

'Alas!' said the mouse, 'now I see what has happened, now it comes to light! You a true
friend! You have devoured all when you were standing godmother. First top off, then half-
done, then--' 'Will you hold your tongue,' cried the cat, 'one word more, and I will eat you
too.' 'All-gone' was already on the poor mouse's lips; scarcely had she spoken it before the
cat sprang on her, seized her, and swallowed her down. Verily, that is the way of the world.

21.THE TWO FROGS

Once upon a time in the country of Japan there lived two frogs, one of whom made his
home in a ditch near the town of Osaka, on the sea coast, while the other dwelt in a clear
little stream which ran through the city of Kyoto. At such a great distance apart, they had
never even heard of each other; but, funnily enough, the idea came into both their heads at
once that they should like to see a little of the world, and the frog who lived at Kyoto wanted

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to visit Osaka, and the frog who lived at Osaka wished to go to Kyoto, where the great
Mikado had his palace.

So one fine morning in the spring they both set out along the road that led from Kyoto to
Osaka, one from one end and the other from the other. The journey was more tiring than
they expected, for they did not know much about traveling, and halfway between the two
towns there arose a mountain which had to be climbed. It took them a long time and a great
many hops to reach the top, but there they were at last, and what was the surprise of each to
see another frog before him!

They looked at each other for a moment without speaking, and then fell into conversation,
explaining the cause of their meeting so far from their homes. It was delightful to find that
they both felt the same wish--to learn a little more of their native country--and as there was
no sort of hurry they stretched themselves out in a cool, damp place, and agreed that they
would have a good rest before they parted to go their ways.

"What a pity we are not bigger," said the Osaka frog; "for then we could see both towns
from here, and tell if it is worth our while going on."

"Oh, that is easily managed," returned the Kyoto frog. "We have only got to stand up on
our hind legs, and hold onto each other, and then we can each look at the town he is traveling
to."

This idea pleased the Osaka frog so much that he at once jumped up and put his front
paws on the shoulder of his friend, who had risen also. There they both stood, stretching
themselves as high as they could, and holding each other tightly, so that they might not fall
down. The Kyoto frog turned his nose towards Osaka, and the Osaka frog turned his nose
towards Kyoto; but the foolish things forgot that when they stood up their great eyes lay in
the backs of their heads, and that though their noses might point to the places to which they
wanted to go, their eyes beheld the places from which they had come.
"Dear me!" cried the Osaka frog, "Kyoto is exactly like Osaka. It is certainly not worth
such a long journey. I shall go home!"

"If I had had any idea that Osaka was only a copy of Kyoto I should never have traveled
all this way," exclaimed the frog from Kyoto, and as he spoke he took his hands from his
friend's shoulders, and they both fell down on the grass. Then they took a polite farewell of
each other, and set off for home again, and to the end of their lives they believed that Osaka
and Kyoto, which are as different to look at as two towns can be, were as alike as two peas.
22.THE WIND AND THE SUN
One day, the Wind and the Sun got into an argument. "I'm much stronger than
you," said the Sun.

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 "Oh, really?" said the Wind. "I can bend tall trees. I can scream and howl and
make all sorts of racket. You just sit there, with that goofy smile of yours. You can't
move anything. You don't make any noise."

"Well then, let's have a contest," said the Sun. "That will decide who is truly
stronger." At that moment, a man wearing a coat was walking along a country road.

"Okay, here are the rules," continued the Sun. "Whichever one of us can get that
coat off that man is strongest."

"Fair enough," said the Wind

"You go first," said the Sun. The Sun politely ducked behind a cloud and the Wind
began to blow. She huffed and she puffed. The man simply pulled his coat closer
around him. So the wind began to howl, causing dust to swirl and twigs to fly. But
the man pulled his coat around him tighter still!

"My turn," said the Sun. The Sun came out from behind the cloud. He beamed
down on the man. He covered the man in light, bathed him in warmth. The man
smiled up at the Sun, happy that the cold, harsh wind had died down. It as even
getting rather hot walking along this country road. So the man took off his coat.

The Sun turned to the Wind. "Watch and learn, old friend," said the Sun. "Watch
and learn."

Moral: You can accomplish more with kindness than with force.
Inggris

23.THE DISOBEDIENT FROG

A young frog lived with his widowed mother in a large pond. A rascal and a trouble
maker, he never listened to his mother and caused her much grief and embarrassment.

If his mother said go play on the hillside, he went to the seashore. If she said go to the
upper neighborhood, he went to the lower. If she said do this, he did that. Whatever she
said, he did the opposite.

"What am l going to do with that boy?" she mumbled to herself. "Why can't he be like the
other boys? They always listen and do what they are told. And they're always kind and
respectfuI. I don't know what wiIl become of him if he keeps behaving like this. I have to
do something to break him of his bad habits." Mother Frog sighed deeply.

"Ha! Ha! Ha!" Iaughed Little Frog. "Hush aIl that mumbling. You don't have to worry
about me. I'm doing fine just the way l am."

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 "Is that so?" said Mother Frog. "Then why can't you croak properly? You don't even sound
like a frog. Let me teach you." With a smile, she puffed herself up and let out a loud
Kaegul! Kaegul! "Now you try." Grinning broadly, Little Frog puffed himself up and let out
a loud Kulgae! Kulgae!

"Why you impudent little rascal! You're going to be the death of me!" cried Mother Frog.
"You'll Iisten to me if you know what's good for you. Now you..."

"Kulgae! Kulgae!" croaked Little Frog, hopping away.

Day after day Mother Frog scolded her young son but he continued to do as he wished
and just the opposite of what she said. She fretted and worried so much about him that she
became ill. Still he continued to misbehave.

One day she called him to her bedside. "My son," she said, "I don't think I will live much
longer. When I die, please don't bury me on the mountain, bury me beside the stream." She
said this because she knew he would do the opposite of what she said.

A few days later Mother Frog died. Little Frog cried and cried. "Oh my poor mother! I
worried her so much by misbehaving. Why didn't I listen to her?" he scolded himself. "Now
she's gone. I killed her. I kiIled her."

Little Frog thought about his mother and all the trouble he had caused her. Then he told
himself, "I always did the opposite of what Mother said because it was fun. But this time l
will do exactly what she told me to do."

So Little Frog buried his mother beside the stream, even tough he did not think it was
very wise.

A few weeks later there was a storm. It rained so much the stream overflowed its banks.
Little Frog could not sleep for worrying that his mother's grave would be washed away. At
last he went to the grave to keep watch.

In the pouring rain he sat, crying over and over, "Kaegul! Kaegul! Please don't wash my
mother away!" And that is what he did every time it rained.

And ever since then, green frogs have cried Kaegul! Kaegul! when it rains.

24. MOUSEDEER AND THE TIGER

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 Once upon a time, there was a mouse deer living in a forest. Although he was small, he
wasnt afraid of the other bigger animals who wanted to eat him. He was so smart; he
always managed to ditch them. One day, a tiger was wandering around for food. He hadnt
been eating for days. He was really hungry. While he was walking in the forest, he saw
Mouse Deer. The tiger wanted to eat him.

Tiger slowly ducked, crawled, approaching Mouse Deer, thenGotcha! said Tiger.
He caught Mouse Deer. Hello, Mouse Deer! Im really hungry right now. Youll be my
lunch! said Tiger. Mouse Deer didnt want to be his lunch. He tried to be calm. He looked
around and saw some buffalos dung. He had an idea. Im sorry, Tiger. I cant be your
lunch now. The King has ordered me to guard his cake, said Mouse Deer calmly. His
cake? said Tiger curiously. Yes, there it is. Its very delicious. The King doesnt want
anyone else to eat it, so he ordered me to guard it, Mouse Deer pointed the buffalos
dung. Can I taste it? Tiger asked. Of course you cant. The King would be very angry,
said Mouse Deer refused. Just one little bite, Mouse Deer! The King will never know,
said Tiger. Well, okay, Tiger. But first let me run far away, so the King wont blame me,
said Mouse Deer. All right, Mouse deer. You can go now. Mouse Deer ran quickly out
of sight. Tiger then took a big mouthful of the cake. Phoooey! He spit it out. Yuck,
thats not cake. Thats buffalos dung.

Tiger ran through the forest. He caught up with Mouse Deer. Mouse Deer, you tricked
me. But now you will be my lunch. Mouse Deer looked around and saw a wasp nest in a
tree. Im sorry, Tiger. I cant be your lunch now. The King has ordered me to guard his
drum, said Mouse Deer calmly. His drum? said Tiger curiously. Yes, there it is. It has
the best sound in the world. The King doesnt want anyone else to hit it, Mouse Deer
pointed the wasp nest. Can I hit the Kings drum? Tiger asked. Of course you cant.
The King would be very angry, said Mouse Deer refused. Just one little hit, Mouse
Deer! The King will never know, said Tiger. Well, all right, Tiger. But first let me run
far away, so the King wont blame me, said Mouse Deer. All right, Mouse Deer. You

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can go now. Mouse Deer ran quickly out of sight. Tiger then reached up and hit the wasp
nest. Bzzzzzzz! Ouchouch! Thats not a drum. That a wasp nests!

Tiger ran away. But the wasps keep following him. He came to the river. He jumped in
and stayed underwater as long as he could. At last the wasps went away. Then he jumped
out. He ran through the forest till he found Mouse Deer. Mouse Deer, you tricked me
again. But now you will be my lunch. Mouse Deer looked around and saw a cobra. The
snake was coiled asleep on the ground. Im sorry, Tiger. I cant be your lunch now. The
King has ordered me to guard his belt, said Mouse Deer calmly. His belt? said Tiger
curiously. Yes. There it is. Its the best belt in the world. The King doesnt want anyone
else to wear it, Mouse Deer pointed the cobra. Can I wear it? Tiger asked. Of course
you cant. The King would be very angry, said Mouse Deer refused. Just for one
moment, Mouse Deer! The King will never know, said Tiger. Well, all right, Tiger. But
first let me run far away, so the King wont blame me, said Mouse Deer. All right,
Mouse Deer. You can go now. Mouse Deer ran quickly out of sight. Tiger then took the
snake and started to warp it around himself. The cobra woke up. It squeezed Tiger and bit
him. SSssssstt! Oouch! Ow! Ooow! Thats not a belt! Thats a cobra! Help! Mouse Deer!
Help! But Mouse Deer was already far away. He laughed aloud. Mouse Deer was safe
from Tiger now.

25.THE LONELY LANDY

One day, there was a porcupine named landy. He was lonely. No one wanted to play
with him, because they afraid of his spikes.
dear landy, we dont want to play with you because your spikes are too sharp. We dont
want you to hurt us, said cici the rabbit one day.

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cici is right, landy, it is not because youre bad or rude to us, no, landy, just because of
your spikes. They will stab us if we are close to you. Said tito the rooster.
Landy felt lonely. Landy spent most of the time day dreaming at the river bank. I would
be happy if there were no spikes on my body.
Suddenly, kuku the turtle appeared from the river. He came to landy and said, landy,
what are you thinking of?
oh, nothing. Landy replied.
dont lie to me, landy! Who knows I can help you. Said kuku wisely. Then he sat beside
landy. He wasnt afraid of landys spikes.
Shortly, landy told his problem. Kuku nodded his head. He said. poor you, but it isnt
your fault. I know your spikes are very usefull and helpful for you. They will realize it
someday, trust me!
Thanks, kuku, you are my best friend.

One day, koko the frog held his birthday party. He invited all his friends, including
landy. But he decided not to com. He didnt want to mess up the party.
Ill come with you landy. Ill tell everyone that youre harmless. Said kuku, finally
landy attended the party. Everyone enjoyed it.
Suddenly tito screamed, helphelp! The evil wolf is coming. Save yourself! then,
everyone saved their lives, except kuku and landy. Kuku pulled his head and his leg into
his shell. And landy rolled his body into a ball.

Unintentionally, the evil wolf touched landy. Of course, the spikes pricked him. He
screamed. ouch! since his foot was bleeding, he didnt chase landys friend any longer.
Then, he ran away.
horray horray! Long live landy! He saved our lives. Said cici and her friends. They
thanked him from then on. Landy wasnt lonely anymore.
Moral : we dont underestimate someones bad physical appearance and we must
appreciate them.

26.THE WHITE RABBIT STORY

There once lived a white rabbit on a small island. One day, when he was on the beach,
he saw a large island in the distance.
There must be a lot of good fresh grass on that island. But how can I go to it without
a boat? while he was thinking about what to do a big
shark swam close to the beach. The rabbit saw the shark and called to him. Hello, Mr.
Shark, you look a clever fellow. Do you think there are more sharks than rabbits in this
world?
We would have to count them to find that out, answered the shark.
Well, said the rabbit, You line up your sharks between this island and that one and
Ill count them.

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 Very well, said the shark, and he called to all of his friends to come and float side by
side between the two islands. When they were ready, the rabbit jumped from one shark to
the next counting them. One, two, three .. he had almost reached the other island when
he laughed and said without thinking, You stupid shark! What is the use of counting you?
I only wanted to cross over to this island.
At once, the sharks were very angry because they did not like being cheated. They
began to bite the white rabbit who asked them to forgive him. Finally they let go but all of
his lovely white fur was torn off. His skin was bare.
He sat down and cried. Soon three men came along and asked him why he was crying.
The rabbit told them what had happened. The men looked at each other and then one of them
said, The best thing you can do is to wash yourself in the sea and then let the sun dry you.
Your wounds will heal and your white fur will grow again.
The rabbit ran back to the sea and then sat in the sun. But his skin was only more
painful. It began to hurt so badly that he cried out, Who will save my life? Help! Help!
A young man, who was coming along the road, stopped when he heard the rabbit
crying. What has happened to you, Rabbit?
He asked. He felt sorry for the rabbit. The poor creature could not stop crying and told
his story as the tears ran down his face. The young man was annoyed when he heard how
the rabbit had been treated. The three men did not give you good advice. Please forgive
them. Ill help you. Now, go and wash your body in fresh river water and Ill get a bed ready
for you.
The rabbit did as he was told and returned to rest on the soft grass bed which the young
man had made ready for him. The poor rabbit rested and was warm and comfortable. His
white fur grew again. He was so happy that he did not try to cheat anyone again.
27 TWO DUCKS AND THE FOX

One day, two duck walked a long the road to go to the lake for their swim. In the middle of
the road, they met Mr. fox. He sat under the tree.
hello, sister. Where are you going? Asked Mr. fox.
good morning, Mr. fox, we are going to lake over there. We want to swim. Would you
like to join us? asked the ducks.
no thanks, do you both come a long here every day? asked Mr. fox.
yes, we always walk here every morning. Said the ducks.
delicious..s I mean nice to see you both, said Mr. fox.
The next day, the first duck said are we going to swim today? I bet that Mr. fox is waiting
for us and he has a bad plain.

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I know, I have a plan for him too. Said the second duck.
One their way they met Mr. fox again.
hello sisters, going to swim again? asked Mr. fox.
yes, we are, why dont you take us to the lake and protect us from bad animals? said the
second duck.
of course, its my pleasure, replied Mr. fox.
this is an easy way to have a free lunch. I have a big bag with me now, though Mr. fox.
Three of them walked to the lake and sang some songs.
When I say run, lets run fast together. Said the second duck. run!!!
They ran so fast and jumped into the lake. Mr. fox jumped upon them, but he forgot that
he could not swim. So, Mr. fox drowned in the lake. He failed to get his free lunch.
Moral : do not ever intend evil to someone, because evil is self inflicted.

28.A RABBIT AND TWENTY CROCODILES

Once upon a time, a Rabbit wanted to cross a river, but he could not swim. He had an idea,
he saw a boss of Crocodiles swimming in the river. The Rabbit asked he cross of
crocodile.

how many crocodile are there in the river? the boss of crocodile answered, we are
twenty here.

where are they?the Rabbit asked for the second time. what is it for? the boss crocodile
asked.

all of you are good, gentle and kind, so I want to make a line in order. Later, I will know
how kind you are, said the Rabbit.

Then the boss of the Crocodiles called all his friend an asked then to make a line in order
from one side to the order side of the river. Fust then, the Rabbit started to count while
jumping from one crocodile to another: onetwo three fouruntil twenty. And
finally, he thanked all Crocodiles because he had crossed the river.

In the fable we can find massage is, before act, we think to do first, so that we can finish
the difficult problem.

29.THE CAT ARROGANT

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 A long time ago, in a dense forest lies the are very much. Among the animals, which live
there is a cat arrogant very clean, hairy and smooth white. So many animals who liked it,
but she was to proud and arrogant to excess.

One day, the cat wants to live alone without family cat, because she felt it was great to
rend for themselves without the help of her family.

On her way shes resting adjacent to the family chickens. Sunny morning, when the cat is
angry because her voice has awakened chickens, hi chicken presumptuous of you to wake
coupled with your son, your son is ugly said the cat. Chicken family very angry, they
repel cats, with feeling annoyed cat it.

With feeling so tired cat sleeping in the shoulders of an elephant, When elephant was
about to wake up the elephant accidentally dropped the cat hi you fool elephant, why you
dropped me,, you want to kill me? elephant closer and said oh youre so beautiful. Cat
scratches elephant, rampage elephants make that cat darted him.

Cats are very upset and hungry, she tried to look for food on the ground. She met worm
you are a beautiful cat but why did you take my food. The cat said all animals are well
aware of my beauty because I was entitled to do as I please. And worm said bask cat
snob, what you can survive in the soil. hahaha its the little things said the cat. They
also made a deal.

Eventually, after a day on the ground cat worm group tried to see, but the cat was already
dead. Some worm told this to the cat family, but when her family until the cat arrogant
who had died, had been in the eating lions.

Moral : never overbearing advantages because each person its advantages.

30. THE MOUSE AND THE FROG

Once, there was a mouse which made of close friendship with a frog.
One day, the frog said to the mouse; Lets bind ourselves together with a string so that we
may never get separated. The mouse agreed. Both tied themselves together leg to leg. It
went quite well on land. When they came to a small pool, it was a tragic for the mouse.
In the end, the frog kept swimming across the small pool dragging the mouse with him.
Soon, the mouse drowned and floated on the surface of the pool.

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 ANECDOTE
DEFENITION
Anecdote is kind of text which deals with something
unexpected or out of the ordinary. It usually contains
some unusual or amusing incidents.
STORY OF ANECDOTE

1.THREE BIRDS ON TREE BRANCH

During a math lesson, a teacher taught her students to count. There are 3 birds which are
perched on a tree branch. Then a hunter comes. He takes and aims his gun to one of the bird.

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The hunter shots one bird and hit it. So how many birds which are left on the tree? The teacher
asked to the student.

All of the students were silent. They were busy counting the remaining birds. However,
there was a student named Andi looked calm. The teacher was confused with what he had
done. Then she asked him, Andi, answer my question! He confidently replied, There are
three birds and then one of them being shot. So the bird which is left on a tree branch is
nothing

The teacher was surprised to hear his answer. The teacher then asked again, Andy, try to
answer my question seriously. How many birds are left? Theres nothing left mom! said
him. She was increasingly annoyed even she told Andy to use his hands as a tool to count.
Point out your three fingers, then removes one of them the teacher explained. There is no
birds left mom! he didnt change his answer.

The teacher gave up and asked, Tell us, why you said no birds left? When the hunter shot
one of them, two other birds was flying away because they heard gunfire. So there is nothing
left mom! Andy explained. Hearing the answer, the teacher was silent while his entire friend
laughed out loud.

2.BOOK TICKETS AT A STATION

One day a traveler bought a ticket at train station. He booked a ticket at a booth which
is manned by a new employee. I want to buy a one ticket pleaded the travelers. Where
do you want to go? asked the new employees. I want to go to Morrow! he replied. Sorry
sir we do not sell that ticket! said the new employees. Why do you not sell it? The traveler
asked again. Yeah we do not sell that ticket sir! the employee said. Are the tickets already
sold out? asked the travelers curiously. The employee remained saying they did not sell the
ticket.

The traveler was becoming angry. If the ticket does not run out, why do not you sell
it? snapped the travelers. Then the debate increasingly heated up so that another employee
came. Sorry sir why are you angry? asked another employee. I want to buy a ticket to
morrow but he did not give it to me! replied the travelers. Then he asked him, Why do not
you give it? He wants a ticket for tomorrow while we sell tickets for today! replied the
new employee. Then his friend laughed, hhaaa He is not buying a ticket for tomorrow, but
ticket to Morrow city! Then the new employee was embarrassed and apologized to the
traveler.

3.LOVE MONEY TO MUCH

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 A rich husband told his wife, Dear, I want to keep all my money to the bank. His
wife replied, Why do you want to keep all your money while we can use it to finance the
needs of our life her husband who is stingy did not consider her advice and still keep all
his money in the bank.

One day, the husband was seriously ill, but he still loved his money. If I die later, wrap
all of my money and put into my grave asked her husband. Finally, after a while, her
husband was dead. Then she did all her husband demands. She put something into her
husbands grave. One of her friend asked her, Why did you do that? I did what was
ordered by my husband! She replied. So you buried all that money? asked her friend. I
took the money then I put it into my savings and I buried the check with my husband said
the wife.

4.THE LECTURER ON THE SUPERNATURAL

A professor at the University of Greece in Kalamata is giving a lecture on the
supernatural. To get a feel for his audience, he asks: How many people here believe in
ghosts?...

About 90 students raise their hands. Well thats a good start. Out of those of you who
believe in ghosts

5.FUN IN CLASS
The teacher asked a student: Do you know where Mt.Everestis?,the talllest mountain in
the world?The student said: I am sorry teacher,i dont know where it is.
The teacher said angrily: You dont know? Stand up on the chair!
The student stood up on the chair in the astonishing manner and said: Teacher, can I see
Mt.Everest by standing in the chair?

6.BROOM
A young man hired by a supermarket reported for his first day of work. The manager
greeted him with a warm handshake and a smile, gave him a broom and said, Your first
job will be to sweep out the store.
But Im a college graduate, the young man replied indignantly.
Oh, Im sorry. I didnt know that, said the manager. Here, give me the broom. Ill show
you how.

7.HALF DAY
One day there was a class of kids at school. They were having a hard time
concentrating on the work because it was snowing so hard outside. They were just waiting

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for that blessed announcement of the rest of the day off.
Suddenly, the intercom beeped and they heard the voice of their principal; Attention,
students.
Due to the weather conditions, we will only be attending school a half of the day this
morning.
After all the students cheers had stopped, the principal continued; And we will be
attending the other half this afternoon.

8.SUBTITUTING TEACHER
A girl was substituting as a teacher for her friend. She figured that it would be best if
she wrote everything on the board for the kids, so it would be easier for them to
understand.
During math class she said to the class, Ok class, it is time for your math test. I will
write the problems for the test on the board. So she did it, and they took the test.
Later in science she said to the class, I will write the questions to your science assignment
on the board. So she did and they took the test.
Then later in spelling, she said to the class, Class, I will write the words for your
spelling test on the board.

9.UPS
On the bus, I saw an ugly girl got on the crowded bus. A young boy got up from his seat.
Before he said some words, the girl pushed him gently back into his seat. She said, Thank
you, but I really prefer to stand.
The young boy stood up again. She shoved him down again and said she wanted to stand.
The third time he stood, he shouted, Please let me off. Ive already passed my stop.
That ugly girl realized her mistakes. She was rather ashamed. I could see the red face of
the girl. She smiled embarrassedly.

10.A FOOLISH ORDER

I was working in a photo store, which specializes in restoring old photographs.
One day, a lady brought an old picture of a man sitting behind a cow milk, milking it.
Can you fix this picture for me? she asked.
Sure, what would you like us to do?
Can you move the cow?
I stared at her astonishingly and replied, Move the cow?

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 Right. I want to know what my great-grandfather looked like. Thats him. she pointed
to the feet sticking out under the cow.
I dont think we can do that.
Just move the cow over, and well be able to see his face. She insisted.
Im sorry. We dont have the technology to do that.
Well, I think Ill just take this somewhere else.

11.MY SCRETS ALIAS

Hi Im Jack Banner. Im a secret agent, but Im here on vacation. Guess what happened
to me. I almost forget my identity.
I arrived at the airport in the afternoon. The flight was not really good. So I only had a
little sleep. Nobody picked me up, so I took a taxi to the hotel. I asked the driver to take me
to the hotel my agent had reserved.
At the hotel I went directly to the receptionist desk. I told her that I had reserved a room.
After a minute she looked at me and said that nobody had reserved under Jack Baner. And
the hotel was full. I thought there was something wrong. But what could I do?
Then I went to a public phone. I called my travel agent back at my country and told about
my problem. I was surprised to know that the problem was so simple. They reserved a room
at this hotel under Johny Goodbye, my alias. I am a secret agent, remember?
I was so embarrassed. I shouldnt have forgotten my alias.

12. Why Is There an Angel on Top of the

Christmas Tree?
A funny Christmas Story where Santa feels the frustrations of being Father Christmas.

When four of Santa's elves got sick, the trainee elves did not produce toys as fast as the
regular ones, and Santa began to feel the Pre-Christmas pressure.

Then Mrs Claus told Santa her Mother was coming to visit, which stressed Santa even
more.

When he went to harness the reindeer, he found that three of them were about to give
birth and two others had jumped the fence and were out, Heaven knows where.

Then when he began to load the sleigh, one of the floorboards cracked, the toy bag fell to
the ground and all the toys were scattered.

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 Frustrated, Santa went in the house for a cup of apple cider and a shot of rum. When he
went to the cupboard, he discovered the elves had drank all the cider and hidden the liquor.
In his frustration, he accidentally dropped the cider jug, and it broke into hundreds of little
glass pieces all over the kitchen floor. He went to get the broom and found the mice had
eaten all the straw off the end of the broom.

Just then the doorbell rang, and irritated Santa marched to the door, yanked it open, and
there stood a little angel with a great big Christmas tree. The angel said very cheerfully,
'Merry Christmas, Santa. Isn't this a lovely day? I have a beautiful tree for you. Where
would you like me to stick it?'

And so began the tradition of the little angel on top of the Christmas tree.

13. Really Funny Short Stories that Tickle Guy

and Will's Sense of Humour
Variety truly is the spice of life. When it comes to a story, we have a
tale for each social occasion and every mood. Many of these short
stories are true - with embellishments. Others have only a grain of truth, whilst the
remainder are just tall stories.

14. Funny Tale of a Lost Senior Citizen

When I went to lunch today, I noticed an old man sitting on a park bench sobbing his
eyes out. I stopped and asked him what was wrong.

He told me, 'I have a 22 year old wife at home. She rubs my back every morning and
then gets up and makes me pancakes, sausage, fresh fruit and freshly ground coffee.'

I continued, 'Well, then why are you crying?'

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 He added, 'She makes me homemade soup for lunch and my favourite biscuits, cleans the
house and then watches sports TV with me for the rest of the afternoon.'

I said, 'Well, why are you crying?'

He said, 'For dinner she makes me a gourmet meal with wine and my favourite dessert
and then we cuddle until the small hours.' I inquired, 'Well then, why in the world would
you be crying?'

He replied, 'I can't remember where I live.

16.An Irishman's Jocular Tale

An Englishman, a Scotsman and an Irishman all entered a 26 mile long swimming
race. After 12 miles the Scottish man gets tired and drops out.
Then after 16 miles the English man gets tired and drops out.
After 25 miles the Irish man decides he can't finish the race, so he turns around and swims
back to the start.

17. Amusing Married Men Only Story

Will and Guy have no information as to the veracity about this funny tale from the USA. Apparently
in a small town somewhere in the USA there is a large factory that will only recruit married men. One of
the local women, one Brenda Davy, a feisty young lady, was angry about this and demanded to speak to
the manager to find out why.

Brenda demanded to know, 'Why is it you limit your employees to married men? Is it because you
think women are weak, dumb, cantankerous.......or what?'

'Not at all, Ma'am,' the Factory Manager replied. 'It is because our employees are used to obeying
orders, are accustomed to being shoved around, know how to keep their mouths shut and don't pout when
I yell at them.'

18. A Funny True Story

Police Officer Bryant found a perfect hiding place for watching for speeding motorists.

One day, the officer was amazed when everyone was under the speed limit, so Bryant
investigated and found the problem. 10 year old Dennis was standing on the side of the
road with a huge hand painted sign which said "Radar Trap Ahead." A little more
investigative work led the officer to the boy's accomplice, another boy about 100 yards
beyond the radar trap with a sign reading "Tips" and a bucket at his feet, full of change.

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Boot on the Wrong Foot

This tale is based on a true story told to Will by a friend [Tessa] who is an nursery
schoolteacher in Drayton near Portsmouth; names have been changed to protect the guilty.

Marlon asked the teacher to help him get his shoes on at the end of a busy day. After quite
a struggle with the shoes, which were a little tight, Tessa finally got them on. 'They're on
the wrong way round, Miss,' mumbled Marlon.

She realises that he is right; they are on the wrong feet. Staying calm she and swaps them
over for him.

'They're not my shoes, Miss,' Marlon murmurs again.

Tessa fights hard to keep her cool and asks Marlon why he hadn't told her before. She then
kneels down again and helps him pull the shoes off.

'These aren't my shoes, they're my brother's and Mum told me not to tell anyone.'

At this point Tessa can feel tears coming. She helps him back into his shoes. She gets him
into his coat and wraps his scarf round his neck.

'Where are your gloves, Marlon?' asks Tessa quietly. 'Oh, Miss, I always put them in my
shoes!

20. WRONG EMAIL ADRESS:

A couple going on vacation but his wife was on a business trip so he went to the
destination first and his wife would meet him the next dayWhen he reached his hotel, he
decided to send his wife a quick email.

Unfortunately, when typing her address, he mistyped a letter and his note was directed
instead to an elderly preachers wife whose husband had passed away only the day
before.When the grieving widow checked her email, she took one look at the monitor, let
out a piercing scream, and fell to the floor in a dead faint.At the sound, her family rushed
into the room and saw this note on the screen Dearest Wife,
Just got checked in. Everything prepared for your arrival tomorrow.P.S. Sure is hot down

here.

21.THE FOOLISH FISH

In a huge pond, there lived many fish. They were arrogant and never listened to anyone.

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In this pond, there also lived a kind-hearted crocodile.

He advised the fish, It does not pay to be arrogant and overconfident. It could be your
downfall." But the fish never listened to him. There is that crocodile, advising us again,"
they would say.

One afternoon, the crocodile was resting beside a stone near the pond, when two
fishermen stopped there to drink water.

The fishermen noticed that the pond had many fish. Look! This pond is full of fish. Lets
come here tomorrow with our fishing net," said one of them. I am surprised we have
not seen this place before!" exclaimed the other.

The crocodile heard all this. When the fishermen left, he slowly slipped into the pond and
went straight to the fish. You all had better leave this pond before dawn. Early morning
those two fishermen are going to come to this pond with their net," warned the
crocodile.

But the fish just laughed and said, There have been many fishermen who have tried to
catch us. These two are not going to catch us either. Do not you worry about us, Mr.
Crocodile," they said in a mocking voice.

The next morning, the fishermen came and threw their net in the pond. The nets were
big and strong. Very soon all the fish were caught. If only we had listened to Mr.
Crocodile. He had only wanted to help. For our arrogance we have to pay with our lives,"
said the fish.

The fishermen took the foolish fish to the market and sold them for a good profit.

22.CLEVER KIDS
A police officer found a perfect hiding place for watching for speeding motorists.

One day, the officer was amazed when everyone was under the speed limit, so he
investigated and found the problem.

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 A 10 years old boy was standing on the side of the road with a huge hand painted sign
which said Radar Trap Ahead.

A little more investigative work led the officer to the boys accomplice: another boy about
100 yards beyond the radar trap with a sign reading TIPS and a bucket at his feet full of
change.

23.MOUTHOLOGY
A Professor was traveling by boat. On his way he asked the sailor:Do you know Biology,
Ecology, Zoology, Geography, physiology?

The sailor said no to all his questions. Professor: What the hell do you know on earth.
You will die of illiteracy.

After a while the boat started sinking. The Sailor asked the Professor, do you know
swiminology & escapology from sharkology?

The professor said no.

Sailor: Well, sharkology & crocodilogy will eat your assology, headology & you will
dieology because of your mouthology.

24.CAPTAIN
A navy captain is alerted by his First Mate that there is a pirate ship coming towards his
position. He asks a sailor to get him his red shirt.

The captain was asked, Why do you need a red shirt?

The Captain replies, So that when I bleed, you guys dont notice and arens
discouraged. They fight off the pirates eventually.

The very next day, the Captain is alerted that 50 pirate ships are coming towards their
boat. He yells, Get me my brown pants!

25.AIRCREW OF THE MONTH

This next yarn reminds of my former classmate Pete. At school, Pete was always in the
top 2/3 in our class, but once he left school, he never could settle in a job. He landed a job

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as a bus driver, but his denouement came when he took a detour and drove the bus to his
home. Pete, got out, went in, left the passengers on the bus, had a cup of tea and drove on
half an hour later. When the bus company discovered his antics, his supervisor dismissed
him on the spot. The Airline flight attendant in this next tale is going the same way as
Pete.

From a Stingem employee....' Welcome aboard Stingem Flight XXX to YYY.' We are
pleased to have some of the best pilots in the industry... Unfortunately, none of them are
on this flight...!'

Then he progressed to the famous ' Fasten Seatbelt Routine' . What he said was: 'To
operate your seatbelt, insert the metal tab into the buckle, and pull tight. It works just like
every other seatbelt, and if you don't know how to operate one, you probably shouldn't be
out in public unsupervised.'

In the event of a sudden loss of cabin pressure, oxygen masks will descend from the
ceiling. Stop screaming, grab the mask, and pull it over your face. If you have a small
child travelling with you, secure your mask before assisting with theirs. If you are
travelling with two or more small children, decide now which one you love the more.

After the plane landed, he said: 'As you exit the plane, make sure to gather all of your
belongings. Anything left behind will be distributed evenly among the flight attendants'

His final announcement was: 'Thank you for flying Stingem Airlines. We hope you
enjoyed giving us the business as much as we enjoyed taking you for a ride.'

26.SUSIE CAME
Susie came skipping up the walk. She opened the door and said, Mommy! I got a 100
today! The mother replied, Thats great, dear! What did you get it in?
Two things, Susie said. I got a 46 in science, and a 54 in mathematics.

27. ARE YOU PUNISH ME ?

Kid : Do you punish people for things they dont do?
Teacher: Of course, no.
Kid : Great! I didnt do my homework.

28. American History

Teacher: George Washington not only chopped down his fathers cherry tree, but also
admitted doing it. Now do you know why his father didnt punish him?
Johnny: Because George still had the axe in his hand.

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29. The Silly, Hilarious and Funny Side of DIY
[Do It Yourself]
Rosie Hall buys a self-assembly, flat-pack, cupboard from her local Homebase
store. Reaching home Rosie reads the instructions carefully, counts the pieces then
assembles the cupboard in the bedroom. It looks really great and she is delighted.

Now, Rosie lives near a railway line and as the train passes by the cupboard
collapses. Undaunted by this misfortune she re-reads the instructions and reassembles the
cupboard. Once more, another train passes and the whole cupboard collapses again.

Rosie now frustrated and thinking that she must have done something "wrong" re-re-
reads the instructions and re-re-assembles the cupboard. Shortly, a train passes and the
whole cupboard collapses yet again for the 3rd time.

Rosie is now fed up, cross and rather angry so she 'phones the customer service
department. She is told that this is quite impossible and that they'll send along a fitter to

take a look.

The fitter arrives and assembles the cupboard. Again, a train passes and the cupboard
collapses. Completely baffled by this unexpected event, the fitter decides to reassemble
the cupboard and sit inside it to see whether he can find out what causes the cupboard to
collapse. At this point, Rosie's husband comes home, sees the cupboard and says, 'Oh,
that's a splendid looking cupboard,' and he opens it to look inside.

The fitter, who had been wondering how to explain his position in Rosie's bedroom
cupboard, blurts out, 'You probably won't believe me, but I'm standing here waiting for a
train.'

30. Fun At The Movies

Last week Ronnie Walsh went to the movies at the Rialto Cinema in Bristol to see
"Slumdog Millionaire" but because of two women loudly chatting together who were
sitting in the row in front of him, Ronnie was unable to hear the dialogue clearly.

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 Ronnie leaned forward and said in a stage whisper, 'Excuse me ladies but I can't hear.'
'I should hope not,' stormed the woman, 'this is a private conversation.'

FAIRYTALES
DEFENITION
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 Story have related of magic/imagination.
STORY OF FAIRYTALES
.PETER PAN
In an area called Edwardian in London lived Wendy Darling with her two younger
brothers. Their parent Left them in a house care belonging to the lady Nana. On a night when
Mrs. Nana was away, Wendy Darling awakened by a strange sound. Then she ran toward the
sound. She saw a boy named Peter Pan. Wendy was surprised and asked him, What are you
doing here? Im looking for my shadow Peter replied. Finally Wendy helped peter to look
for his shadow. After finding the shadow, Wendy was sewing Peters shadow to stick on as
before. Finally Peter Pan got its shadow back. He thanked to Wendy and promised to visit
her again.
After a few days, Peter Pan returned to visit Wendy. He was accompanied by a jealous
little fairy named Tinker Bell. Wendy was very happy; she introduced them both to her
younger brother. Peter Pan told them all about Neverland, a world full of wonders. He also
would like to invite them to go and stay at Neverland. Wendy and her brother were happy
about that invitation. They also agreed to go.
Before you go you have to learn to fly first asked Peter Pan. Wendy Darling and her
brother were confused because they did not know how to fly. Then Tinker bell was helping
them. She sprinkled magic dust toward Wendy and her brother. Finally, the three of them can
fly. With the help of Peter pan, they came out of the window of the house to Neverland.
Wendy and her brothers stayed for a few weeks at Neverland. They lived with a bunch of
missing children. They were children who were lost and never found again. There Wendy
and her brothers played happily with them. The Lost Children asked Wendy to be their
mother. Wendy could not refuse the request. Afterward, she became their caregivers. Wendy
always tells a story to them before going to bed.
An evil pirate named captain hook looking for the presence of Peter Pan and the lost
children. Captain hook is their enemy in Neverland. He was revenge against Peter Pan
because he already cut his hand and gave it to crocodiles. The crocodile ate that hand and a
clock belonging to captain hook. The clock kept ringing in the belly of the crocodile. That
crocodile continued to follow him hook it continues wherever he went. For months, captain
hooks looked for their hiding place. After a long time, he finally discovered the hiding place.
Then he began to make plans to catch them.
After so long cared by Wendy Darling, the lost children began to feel nostalgic with a real
family. Wendy also invited them all to stay with her in real world. They were very happy
and wanted to go with Wendy. Eventually they all asked Peter Pan to let them go into the
real world. At first Peter Pan refused, but after they forced he allowed them. He asked Tinker
Bell to make way to real world. Wendy also invited Peter Pan to go, Come with us! No

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I will not ever go out of this world and become adult said Peter Pan. He was going to leave
them.
When Wendy and the lost children were about to go to the real world, captain hook was
coming. He kidnapped them to his ship. Tinker Bell who survived told Peter Pan, Peter,
Wendy and the others have been kidnapped by Captain Hook! Tinker Bell said. Peter Pan
was shocked, I have to save them! said Peter Pan.
Peter Pan flew very quickly into a pirate ship to save them. Above the ships, Peter Pan saw
they were tied. With its intelligence, Peter Pan made a sound like a clock rang. The sound
made the whole crew frightened. They thought that it was crocodile who wanted to attack
them anymore. One by one, the crew went to jump into the water. Then Peter pan jumped
on board to attack remain crew. Finally Peter Pan managed to release Wendy and the lost
children. Realizing he had been duped, captain hooks out and attacked Peter Pan. Then fierce
battle happened between them. They were clashing their swords on board. Peter Pan pushed
captain hook fell into the sea and then captain hook eaten by a crocodile that was waiting
for him in the sea. Finally they all survived from captain hook.
The missing children changed their minds. They wanted to stay in Neverland with Peter
Pan and Tinker Bell. Then Peter Pan was escorted Wendy and her brothers returned to the
real world. Once safely home, Wendy asked Peter Pan to stay with them. But Peter Pan still
rejected it. He promised to visit Wendy again someday.

.Pinokio

Once there was a carpenter called Geppetto. He made a wooden puppet and called him
Pinocchio. How nice it would be if it were a real baby!. That night, a good fairy heard him
and made his wish to become real. Awake, wood inanimate, now youve got a soul! she
made her magic spell touching Pinocchio with her magic wand. Pinocchio , be always a
good , brave and a selfless boy , said the Fairy , and one day youll be a real boy ! Then,
she addressed to Jiminy Cricket: I appoint you guide and counsellor of Pinocchio, she
added, before disappearing in a thousand flashes of light. Imagine the delight of Geppetto
when he discovered that his little man of wood could move and talk! The next morning he
sent him to school like a real boy. Goodbye, son, come back soon!

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Pinocchio was a little naughty so he disobeying her father went to the terrible Eater, a
puppeteer who promised to make him famous. He enjoyed a lot of singing and dancing with
the other puppets. But, when the show was over, Eater shut him in a cage. Suddenly, there
appeared the Blue Fairy: Why did not you go to school? she asked. Pinocchio answered
with a lie and his nose began to grow. Only when he told the truth, the Fairy freed him and
his nose was back to normal. On the way home, Pinocchio saw a coach load of kids cheering.
The coachman told him that he was directed to Toyland, where the kids could do whatever
they wanted.
Pinocchio, come back! Jiminy Cricket ran after him. But the puppet would not listen to
him. There Pinocchio met a new boy Candlewick: The two ate as many sweets as they could
and enjoyed themselves very much. But he soon discovered that in Toyland the lazy and
rude kids were turned into donkeys. When it began to spring two ears and long tail,
Pinocchio ran desperately, followed by his faithful friend. Jiminy Cricket Together, then
returned to the house of Geppetto , but they found none. Who knows what that happened
to him! At that moment, a dove brought them a message: while Geppetto was looking for
Pinocchio everywhere, he was swallowed by a whale and now he was his prisoner. I want
to save him! decided the puppet. Arriving at the sea, he dived an dived till he found his
father in the belly of the whale. But how to get out of there? So he lit a fire and the smoke
made the whale sneeze so strong that, she opened its mouth.

Pinocchio and Geppetto escaped on a raft. The puppet helped his father to swim in the
middle of the waves: and they finally reached the shore! But as soon as they arrived
Pinocchio, for the great effort fainted. Grief-stricken, Geppetto took him home. The Blue
Fairy, awoke him and, as promised, rewarded his courage and his goodness, by transforming
Pinocchio into a real boy..

Sleeping Beauty
In a faraway kingdom, there was an empire led by a king and queen. The king led his
region with a very wise and prudent. Despite being a king, their life was less happy because
they did not have a child. It made the king and queen became sad.

Then one day the queen gave birth to a beautiful little daughter named Princess Aurora. The
birth of the little princess made the king and the entire kingdom happy. The king was making
a big celebration to welcome his daughter. He invited all the people in the kingdom,
including all the fairies that live in the kingdom. The king invited them to ask for their
blessing. But the king forgot to invite all the fairies in the kingdom. The facts that there were
13 fairies in kingdom but the king only invited 12 fairies.

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When the celebration party was running on, all of the fairies invited by king surrounded the
little princess to give a blessing. One by one fairy was utter blessings. One fairy gave
blessing of goodness, another fairy gave blessing of health, and the next fairy gave blessing
of beautiful voice and so on. When the 12th fairy was about to give her blessing, the 13th
fairy who were not invited by the king come. She was very angry and could not accept this
humiliation.

The 13th fairy was not giving a blessing to the little princess, she even cursed her. The 13th
fairy said, When the baby is 16 years old, she will be pricked by a needle and fall asleep
for a long time. After saying that curse the 13th fairy left the palace using her broomstick.
Everyone in the palace was shocked and saddened as well as the king and queen. The queen
begged to the fairies, Please withdraw this curse. What have been spoken irrevocable my
queen said the fairy. The others fairy tried to calm king and queen, You do not worry. The
princess will not die, she just fall asleep for a long time And this curse will be lost if there
is prince who awakened her another fairy added. Hearing the explanation, the king and
queen relieved. However, they were still afraid of the incident occurred. The king ordered
to get rid of all the needles in the palace.

Days passed, Princes aurora grown into a beautiful princess. She was very good and had
very beautiful voice. Everyone in the palace loved her. At the age of 16, the princess entered
a small room in her palace. She saw a woman who was sewing. The princess was surprised
and asked, What are you doing?, Im sewing, come here I will teach you to sew the
woman replied. Princess Aurora did not know that the old woman is evil fairy in disguise.
She took needle in the hands of women. Then suddenly she was pricked and fell asleep.
When Princess Aurora asleep, all people in the kingdom were fell asleep too. Then the fairy
put her on a mattress.

Years passed, Princess Aurora had been asleep for hundreds of years. Until the day came, a
prince from a distant land approached the kingdom. He saw a beautiful princess asleep there.
Then the prince kissed princess aurora. Then the cursed was destroyed. The princess woke
up from her sleep, as well as those that exist in the palace. Eventually they become lovers
and lived happily ever after.

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99
 MYTHS

DEFENITION
STORY OF MYTH

1. The Roman Version of the Myth Ovid

The myth presented by Ovid the poet is slightly altered. According to this myth,
Narcissus parents were worried because of the extraordinary beauty of the child and asked
prophet Teiresias what to do, regarding their sons future.

Teiresias told them that the boy would grow old only if he didnt get to know
himself. When Narcissus was sixteen he was walking in the woods and Nymph Echo saw
him and felt madly in love with him. She started following him and Narcissus asked whos
there, feeling someone after him.

Narcissus and Echo

Echo responded whos there and that went on for some time until Echo decided to
show herself. She tried to embrace the boy who stepped away from Echo, telling her to leave
him alone. Echo was left heartbroken and spent the rest of her life in glens; until nothing but
an echo sound remained of her.

Nemesis, though, the Goddess of Revenge, heard the story and decided to punish
Narcissus. From this point the stories are similar; Narcissus sees himself in the pond and he
is amazed by the beauty of the reflection. Once he figured out that his love could not be
addressed, he killed himself.

2. The Greek Version of the myth of Narcissus

According to Conon, Aminias, a young man fell in love with Narcissus, who had
already spurned his male suitors. Aminias was also spurned by Narcissus who gave the
unfortunate young man a sword. Aminias killed himself at Narcissus doorstep praying to
the Gods to give Narcissus a lesson for all the pain he had provoked.

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 Narcissus was once walking by a lake or river and decided to drink some water; he
saw his reflection in the water and was surprised by the beauty he saw; he became entranced
by the reflection of himself. He could not obtain the object of his desire though, and he died
at the banks of the river or lake from his sorrow.

According to the myth Narcissus is still admiring himself in the Underworld, looking
at the waters of the Styx.

3.The Myth of Prometheus

The myth of Prometheus and fire makes us contemplate on a serious question: If
Prometheus hadnt stolen the fire from Zeus, what the mankind would have done? But the
mischievous Titan in the Greek Mythology stole it and while he was celebrated by the
mortals he was cruelly punished by the God of all Gods.

Considering this Prometheuss deed as one of the biggest crimes ever although it
was not the first time that Prometheus tricked Zeus the Mighty God had Prometheus
chained to the rock where the eagle was to eat his eternally replenished liver every day.

What a dispute between mortals and immortals! And what a great story for artistic
expressions and theatrical plays! And most importantly, that punishment was not the end of
the tale of Prometheus and Zeus. But lets start from the beginning.

4.Prometheus and Zeus

Prometheus was one of the Titans, who at some point were sent to Tartarus by the
enraged Zeus who didnt accept the Titanss fighting against him in the famous Battle of the
Titans Titanomachy.

However Prometheus was not directly involved in the war, so Zeus saved him from
Tartarus and gave him a mission to form a man from water and earth. Prometheus
accomplished the task, but while working on his creation, he grew fond of men. He didnt
care much ever about the Gods and their hierarchy, and however friendly treated by them,
he was much more comfortable being around the immortals.

In any case, Zeuss idea was not to have men with any unusual power. But Prometheus was
thinking the other way, and decided to steal one of the powers Zeus was particularly
sensitive about fire.

PARABLES
1.DEFENITION OF PARABLES
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 Parables is narative text telling about the simile or metaphor stories.

2.STORY OF PARABLES
1. The Parables of the Mustard Seed and the
Yeast
31
He told them another parable: The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed,
which a man took and planted in his field. 32 Though it is the smallest of all seeds, yet when
it grows, it is the largest of garden plants and becomes a tree, so that the birds come and
perch in its branches.

He told them still another parable: The kingdom of heaven is like yeast that a
33

woman took and mixed into about sixty pounds[b] of flour until it worked all through the
dough.
34
Jesus spoke all these things to the crowd in parables; he did not say anything to
them without using a parable. 35 So was fulfilled what was spoken through the prophet:

I will open my mouth in parables, I will utter things hidden since the creation of the
world.

2.The parable of That Which Defiles

15 Then some Pharisees and teachers of the law came to Jesus from Jerusalem and
asked, 2 Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? They dont wash their
hands before they eat!
3
Jesus replied, And why do you break the command of God for the sake of your
tradition? 4 For God said, Honor your father and mother[a] and Anyone who curses their
father or mother is to be put to death.[b] 5 But you say that if anyone declares that what might
have been used to help their father or mother is devoted to God, 6 they are not to honor
their father or mother with it. Thus you nullify the word of God for the sake of your
tradition. 7 You hypocrites! Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you:
8
These people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me. 9 They worship
me in vain; their teachings are merely human rules.[c]
10
Jesus called the crowd to him and said, Listen and understand. 11 What goes into
someones mouth does not defile them, but what comes out of their mouth, that is what
defiles them.

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 Then the disciples came to him and asked, Do you know that the Pharisees were
12

offended when they heard this?

He replied, Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be pulled up
13

by the roots. 14 Leave them; they are blind guides.[d] If the blind lead the blind, both will fall
into a pit. 15 Peter said, Explain the parable to us.

Are you still so dull? Jesus asked them. 17 Dont you see that whatever enters the
16

mouth goes into the stomach and then out of the body? 18 But the things that come out of a
persons mouth come from the heart, and these defile them. 19 For out of the heart come evil
thoughtsmurder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false testimony, slander. 20 These are
what defile a person; but eating with unwashed hands does not defile them.

3.Jesus Walks on the Water

22
Immediately Jesus made the disciples get into the boat and go on ahead of him to the
other side, while he dismissed the crowd. 23 After he had dismissed them, he went up on a
mountainside by himself to pray. Later that night, he was there alone, 24 and the boat was
already a considerable distance from land, buffeted by the waves because the wind was
against it.
25
Shortly before dawn Jesus went out to them, walking on the lake. 26 When the disciples
saw him walking on the lake, they were terrified. Its a ghost, they said, and cried out in
fear.
27
But Jesus immediately said to them: Take courage! It is I. Dont be afraid.
28
Lord, if its you, Peter replied, tell me to come to you on the water.
29
Come, he said.

Then Peter got down out of the boat, walked on the water and came toward Jesus.
But when he saw the wind, he was afraid and, beginning to sink, cried out, Lord, save
30

me!

Immediately Jesus reached out his hand and caught him. You of little faith, he
31

said, why did you doubt?

32
And when they climbed into the boat, the wind died down. 33 Then those who were
in the boat worshiped him, saying, Truly you are the Son of God.
34
When they had crossed over, they landed at Gennesaret. 35 And when the men of
that place recognized Jesus, they sent word to all the surrounding country. People brought

103
all their sick to him 36 and begged him to let the sick just touch the edge of his cloak, and all
who touched it were healed.

4.The Parables of the Hidden Treasure and the

Pearl
The kingdom of heaven is like treasure hidden in a field. When a man found it, he
44

hid it again, and then in his joy went and sold all he had and bought that field.

Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant looking for fine pearls. 46 When
45

he found one of great value, he went away and sold everything he had and bought it.

5.Jesus Predicts His Death a Second Time

When they came together in Galilee, he said to them, The Son of Man is going to
22

be delivered into the hands of men. 23 They will kill him, and on the third day he will be
raised to life. And the disciples were filled with grief.

6.The Parable of the Sower

That same day Jesus went out of the house and sat by the lake. 2 Such large crowds
gathered around him that he got into a boat and sat in it, while all the people stood on the
shore. 3 Then he told them many things in parables, saying: A farmer went out to sow his
seed. 4 As he was scattering the seed, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it
up. 5 Some fell on rocky places, where it did not have much soil.

It sprang up quickly, because the soil was shallow. 6 But when the sun came up, the
plants were scorched, and they withered because they had no root. 7 Other seed fell among
thorns, which grew up and choked the plants. 8 Still other seed fell on good soil, where it
produced a cropa hundred, sixty or thirty times what was sown. 9 Whoever has ears, let
them hear.
10
The disciples came to him and asked, Why do you speak to the people in parables?
11
He replied, Because the knowledge of the secrets of the kingdom of heaven has been
given to you, but not to them. 12 Whoever has will be given more, and they will have an
abundance. Whoever does not have, even what they have will be taken from them. 13 This is
why I speak to them in parables:

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 Though seeing, they do not see; though hearing, they do not hear or understand. 14 In
them is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah: You will be ever hearing but never understanding;
you will be ever seeing but never perceiving. 15 For this peoples heart has become
calloused; they hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they
might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts and turn, and I
would heal them.[a]
16
But blessed are your eyes because they see, and your ears because they hear. 17 For
truly I tell you, many prophets and righteous people longed to see what you see but did not
see it, and to hear what you hear but did not hear it.
18
Listen then to what the parable of the sower means: 19 When anyone hears the
message about the kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches
away what was sown in their heart. This is the seed sown along the path. 20 The seed falling
on rocky ground refers to someone who hears the word and at once receives it with joy.
21
But since they have no root, they last only a short time. When trouble or persecution comes
because of the word, they quickly fall away. 22 The seed falling among the thorns refers to
someone who hears the word, but the worries of this life and the deceitfulness of wealth
choke the word, making it unfruitful. 23 But the seed falling on good soil refers to someone
who hears the word and understands it. This is the one who produces a crop, yielding a
hundred, sixty or thirty times what was sown.

7.The parable of the Jesus Heals a Demon-

Possessed Boy
14
When they came to the crowd, a man approached Jesus and knelt before him.
15
Lord, have mercy on my son, he said. He has seizures and is suffering greatly. He often
falls into the fire or into the water. 16 I brought him to your disciples, but they could not heal
him.
17
You unbelieving and perverse generation, Jesus replied, how long shall I stay
with you? How long shall I put up with you? Bring the boy here to me. 18 Jesus rebuked the
demon, and it came out of the boy, and he was healed at that moment.
19
Then the disciples came to Jesus in private and asked, Why couldnt we drive it
out? He replied, Because you have so little faith. Truly I tell you, if you have faith as
20

small as a mustard seed, you can say to this mountain, Move from here to there, and it will
move. Nothing will be impossible for you. [21] [a]

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 8. The parable of The Transfiguration
17 After six days Jesus took with him Peter, James and John the brother of James,
and led them up a high mountain by themselves. 2 There he was transfigured before them.
His face shone like the sun, and his clothes became as white as the light. 3 Just then there
appeared before them Moses and Elijah, talking with Jesus.
4
Peter said to Jesus, Lord, it is good for us to be here. If you wish, I will put up three
sheltersone for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.
5
While he was still speaking, a bright cloud covered them, and a voice from the cloud
said, This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased. Listen to him!
6
When the disciples heard this, they fell facedown to the ground, terrified. 7 But Jesus
came and touched them. Get up, he said. Dont be afraid. 8 When they looked up, they
saw no one except Jesus.

As they were coming down the mountain, Jesus instructed them, Dont tell anyone
9

what you have seen, until the Son of Man has been raised from the dead.
10
The disciples asked him, Why then do the teachers of the law say that Elijah must come
first?
11
Jesus replied, To be sure, Elijah comes and will restore all things. 12 But I tell you,
Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but have done to him everything
they wished. In the same way the Son of Man is going to suffer at their hands. 13 Then the
disciples understood that he was talking to them about John the Baptist.

9.The parable of The Farmer Kind

In a village, there lived a farmer who is already old. These farmers live alone and very
poor, his clothes full of patches and the house made of wooden huts. Winter has arrived, Mr.
Farmer did not have the food, nor do they have firewood to warm themselves, so today Mr
Farmer was about to go to the market to find a job. When out of the house, he saw that there
was an egg lying on the snowy ground.

By carefully picked up the eggs and brought into the house. Mr. Farmer wrap the egg with
a rag and put it in a box to keep warm. After that he went to the market to work.

Mr. Farmer made it into a warm egg every day until the eggs hatch. It turns out that eggs
are eggs Gull, probably its mother dropped it when they wanted to move to a warmer place.
Mr. Farmer taking care of the little Gulls with affection. He always divide any food gained
from working in the market. When should leave it alone Gull, Mr. Farmer will put it in a box
and lit the fireplace in order to keep warm Gulls.

106
 Days passed, a small seagull grew. Mr. Farmer conscious, Seagull is not always going to
stay with him. With tears in her eyes, Mr. Farmer let go Gulls were to go to the south, to a
warm place.
One day, Mr. Farmer sick because of the cold, he had no money to buy medicine, firewood
and food. ... Tok tok ... ..tok ......., The sound of the door of the house of Mr Farmer. Turns
Gulls it back, there is a halving of the seed plants.
Mr. Farmer wonder Gulls still remember it, let Gulls came in and gave him a drink. Staring
seeds carried by birds gulls, Mr. Farmer wondering ... the seed is this? Can I plant it in the
middle of winter? she asked herself.

Gulls out of the house of Mr Farmer, make a hole in the yard and Pak Farmers planted the
seed. When the dusk Gulls were left Mr. Farmer. The next day, a miracle happened, the seeds
are planted Gulls grow into complete with fruit trees in a single day !!!! Mr. Farmer was very
surprised to see it.

Because of hunger, Mr. Farmer eating the fruit of the tree. Miraculously, his body
became strong and she did not feel sick. Because of miracles, Mr Farmer called the Tree of
Trees god, because the fruit can make Mr. Farmer became healthy again. Mr. Farmer took
care of the tree well. Although winter, the tree continues to bear fruit and not become dry.
Pak farmers sell fruits and earn a lot of money.
Now that Mr. Farmer is no longer cold and hunger. Nonetheless, Mr. Farmer remains
generous, he recalled that what it receives today is the fruit of its sincerity to help fellow
beings.

10. The Parable of the Net

Once again, the kingdom of heaven is like a net that was let down into the lake and
47

caught all kinds of fish. 48 When it was full, the fishermen pulled it up on the shore.

Then they sat down and collected the good fish in baskets, but threw the bad away.
49
This is how it will be at the end of the age. The angels will come and separate the wicked
from the righteous 50 and throw them into the blazing furnace, where there will be weeping
and gnashing of teeth.51 Have you understood all these things? Jesus asked. Yes, they
replied.
52
He said to them, Therefore every teacher of the law who has become a disciple in
the kingdom of heaven is like the owner of a house who brings out of his storeroom new
treasures as well as old.

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 11.The Parable of the Weeds
Jesus told them another parable: The kingdom of heaven is like a man who sowed
24

good seed in his field. 25 But while everyone was sleeping, his enemy came and sowed weeds
among the wheat, and went away. 26 When the wheat sprouted and formed heads, then the
weeds also appeared.

The owners servants came to him and said, Sir, didnt you sow good seed in your
27

field? Where then did the weeds come from? An enemy did this, he replied The
servants asked him, Do you want us to go and pull them up?

No, he answered, because while you are pulling the weeds, you may uproot the
29

wheat with them. 30 Let both grow together until the harvest. At that time I will tell the
harvesters: First collect the weeds and tie them in bundles to be burned; then gather the
wheat and bring it into my barn.

12.The Parables OF The A Prophet Without

Honor
53
When Jesus had finished these parables, he moved on from there. 54 Coming to his
hometown, he began teaching the people in their synagogue, and they were amazed. Where
did this man get this wisdom and these miraculous powers? they asked. 55 Isnt this the
carpenters son? Isnt his mothers name Mary, and arent his brothers James, Joseph, Simon
and Judas? 56 Arent all his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all these things?
57
And they took offense at him.

But Jesus said to them, A prophet is not without honor except in his own town and
in his own home.
58
And he did not do many miracles there because of their lack of faith.

13.Jesus Feeds the Five Thousand

13
When Jesus heard what had happened, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary
place. Hearing of this, the crowds followed him on foot from the towns. 14 When Jesus
landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick.

As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said, This is a remote place,
15

and its already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy
themselves some food.
16
Jesus replied, They do not need to go away. You give them something to eat.
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 17
We have here only five loaves of bread and two fish, they answered.
18
Bring them here to me, he said. 19 And he directed the people to sit down on the
grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, he gave thanks and
broke the loaves. Then he gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the
people. 20 They all ate and were satisfied, and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of
broken pieces that were left over. 21 The number of those who ate was about five thousand
men, besides women and children.

14.The Parable of the Weeds Explained

36
Then he left the crowd and went into the house. His disciples came to him and said,
Explain to us the parable of the weeds in the field. 37 He answered, The one who sowed
the good seed is the Son of Man. 38 The field is the world, and the good seed stands for the
people of the kingdom. The weeds are the people of the evil one, 39 and the enemy who sows
them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the harvesters are angels.
40
As the weeds are pulled up and burned in the fire, so it will be at the end of the
41
age. The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will weed out of his kingdom
everything that causes sin and all who do evil. 42 They will throw them into the blazing
furnace, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. 43 Then the righteous will shine
like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Whoever has ears, let them hear.

15.John the Baptist Beheaded

14 At that time Herod the tetrarch heard the reports about Jesus, 2 and he said to his
attendants, This is John the Baptist; he has risen from the dead! That is why miraculous
powers are at work in him.
3
Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison because of
Herodias, his brother Philips wife, 4 for John had been saying to him: It is not lawful for
you to have her. 5 Herod wanted to kill John, but he was afraid of the people, because they
considered John a prophet.
6
On Herods birthday the daughter of Herodias danced for the guests and pleased
Herod so much 7 that he promised with an oath to give her whatever she asked. 8 Prompted
by her mother, she said, Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist. 9 The king
was distressed, but because of his oaths and his dinner guests, he ordered that her request be
granted 10 and had John beheaded in the prison. 11 His head was brought in on a platter and
given to the girl, who carried it to her mother. 12 Johns disciples came and took his body
and buried it. Then they went and told Jesus.

109
 16.The Faith of a Canaanite Woman
21
Leaving that place, Jesus withdrew to the region of Tyre and Sidon. 22 A Canaanite
woman from that vicinity came to him, crying out, Lord, Son of David, have mercy on me!
My daughter is demon-possessed and suffering terribly.

Jesus did not answer a word. So his disciples came to him and urged him, Send
23

her away, for she keeps crying out after us.

24
He answered, I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel.
25
The woman came and knelt before him. Lord, help me! she said.
26
He replied, It is not right to take the childrens bread and toss it to the dogs.
27
Yes it is, Lord, she said. Even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their masters
table.

Then Jesus said to her, Woman, you have great faith! Your request is granted.
28

And her daughter was healed at that moment.

17.The Parable Of The Demand for a Sign

16 The Pharisees and Sadducees came to Jesus and tested him by asking him to show
them a sign from heaven.

He replied, When evening comes, you say, It will be fair weather, for the sky is
2

red, and in the morning, Today it will be stormy, for the sky is red and overcast. You
3

know how to interpret the appearance of the sky, but you cannot interpret the signs of the
times.[a] 4 A wicked and adulterous generation looks for a sign, but none will be given it
except the sign of Jonah. Jesus then left them and went away.

18.The Parable Of The Temple Tax

24
After Jesus and his disciples arrived in Capernaum, the collectors of the two-
drachma temple tax came to Peter and asked, Doesnt your teacher pay the temple tax?
25
Yes, he does, he replied.

When Peter came into the house, Jesus was the first to speak. What do you think,
Simon? he asked. From whom do the kings of the earth collect duty and taxesfrom their
own children or from others? 26 From others, Peter answered.

110
 Then the children are exempt, Jesus said to him. 27 But so that we may not cause
offense, go to the lake and throw out your line. Take the first fish you catch; open its mouth
and you will find a four-drachma coin. Take it and give it to them for my tax and yours.

19.Jesus Feeds the Four Thousand

29
Jesus left there and went along the Sea of Galilee. Then he went up on a
mountainside and sat down. 30 Great crowds came to him, bringing the lame, the blind, the
crippled, the mute and many others, and laid them at his feet; and he healed them. 31 The
people were amazed when they saw the mute speaking, the crippled made well, the lame
walking and the blind seeing. And they praised the God of Israel.
32
Jesus called his disciples to him and said, I have compassion for these people; they
have already been with me three days and have nothing to eat. I do not want to send them
away hungry, or they may collapse on the way.
33
His disciples answered, Where could we get enough bread in this remote place to feed
such a crowd? How many loaves do you have? Jesus asked Seven, they replied, and
a few small fish.

35
He told the crowd to sit down on the ground. 36 Then he took the seven loaves and
the fish, and when he had given thanks, he broke them and gave them to the disciples, and
they in turn to the people. 37 They all ate and were satisfied. Afterward the disciples picked
up seven basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over. 38 The number of those who ate was
four thousand men, besides women and children. 39 After Jesus had sent the crowd away, he
got into the boat and went to the vicinity of Magadan.

20.Peter Declares That Jesus Is the Messiah

13
When Jesus came to the region of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, Who
do people say the Son of Man is? 14 They replied, Some say John the Baptist; others say
Elijah; and still others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets. 15 But what about you? he asked.
Who do you say I am? 16 Simon Peter answered, You are the Messiah, the Son of the
living God.
17
Jesus replied, Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to
you by flesh and blood, but by my Father in heaven. 18 And I tell you that you are Peter,[b]
and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades[c] will not overcome it. 19 I
will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be[d]

111
bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be[e] loosed in heaven. 20 Then he
ordered his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Messiah.

22.The Yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees

When they went across the lake, the disciples forgot to take bread. 6 Be careful,
5

Jesus said to them. Be on your guard against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.
7
They discussed this among themselves and said, It is because we didnt bring any
bread.

Aware of their discussion, Jesus asked, You of little faith, why are you talking
8

among yourselves about having no bread? 9 Do you still not understand? Dont you
remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many basketfuls you gathered?
10
Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many basketfuls you gathered? 11 How
is it you dont understand that I was not talking to you about bread? But be on your guard
against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees. 12 Then they understood that he was not
telling them to guard against the yeast used in bread, but against the teaching of the Pharisees
and Sadducees.

23.Jesus Feeds the Five Thousand

13
When Jesus heard what had happened, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary
place. Hearing of this, the crowds followed him on foot from the towns. 14 When Jesus
landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick.

As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said, This is a remote place,
15

and its already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy
themselves some food.
16
Jesus replied, They do not need to go away. You give them something to eat.
17
We have here only five loaves of bread and two fish, they answered.

Bring them here to me, he said. 19 And he directed the people to sit down on the
18

grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, he gave thanks and
broke the loaves. Then he gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the
people. 20 They all ate and were satisfied, and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of
broken pieces that were left over. 21 The number of those who ate was about five thousand
men, besides women and children.

112
 24. Parable Of The Pencil
The Pencil Maker took the pencil aside, just before putting him into the box. There are
5 things you need to know, he told the pencil, Before I send you out into the world. Always
remember them and never forget, and you will become the best pencil you can be.

One: You will be able to do many great things, but only if you allow yourself to be held
in someones hand.
Two: You will experience a painful sharpening from time to time, but youll need it to
become a better pencil.
Three: You will be able to correct any mistakes you might make.
Four: The most important part of you will always be what's inside.
And Five: On every surface you are used on, you must leave your mark. No matter what
the condition, you must continue to write.

The pencil understood and promised to remember, and went into the box with purpose in
its heart. Now replacing the place of the pencil with you. Always remember them and never
forget, and you will become the best person you can be.

One: You will be able to do many great things, but only if you allow yourself to be held
in Gods hand. And allow other human beings to access you for the many gifts you possess.
Two: You will experience a painful sharpening from time to time, by going through
various problems in life, but youll need it to become a stronger person.
Three: You will be able to correct any mistakes you might make.
Four: The most important part of you will always be whats on the inside.
And Five: On every surface you walk through, you must leave your mark. No matter
what the situation, you must continue to do your dutie

History
1.defenition of history
113
The term history' is derived from the Greek word historia' which means information' or
an enquiry designed to elicit truth'. It is just "man his story" the story of efforts to
satisfy his craving for an orderly social life.
History has been defined by different scholars in different connotations. Though the words
and languages used often are different in character, but, the implications are not so
different fundamentally.
i. According to the earliest definition of Aristotle, "History is an account of the
unchanging past."
ii. According to Reniev, history can be termed as a study which is concerned with the
human past.
iii. E. H. Carr gives a very beautiful definition of history. He says history is an
unending dialogue between the past and the present.
iv. Robinson thinks history could be used for overcoming the natural bewilderment of
unfamiliar situation.
There is no universally agreed definition of history. It has been defined differently by
different historians.
a) Burckhardt said, "History is the record of what one ages finds worthy of note in another.
b) Carlyle says, history is nothing but the bibliography of great men.
c) According to H. G. Wells, "Human history is in essence a history of ideas."
d) Miller says, "The course of life is like a sea; men come and go, tides rise and fall, and
that is all of history."
e) Marc Bloch thinks that history is the science of men in time.
Some thinkers are of the view that "God manifested himself in history."
1) According to Freud, "Historical records are a law of right and wrong."
2) Jones thinks that history is a veritable mine of life experiences and the youth of today
studies history.
3) Henry Johnson gives the view that history is a detailed account of the events that have
taken place.
4) Pt. Nehru says, "History is the story of man's struggle through the ages against nature
and the elements; against wild beasts and the jungle and some of his own kind who have
tried to keep him down and to exploit him for their own benefit.
5. Dr. Radhakrishnan says, "History is the memory of a nation or a race."
6. The best definition which is scientific to a great extent, was given by Rapson.
According to him, "History is a connected account of the course of events of progress of
ideas."

114
2.HYSTORICAL NARRATIVE
HYSTORI OF EVENTS BANDUNG LAUTAN
API
British troops are part of NICA MacDonald Brigade arrived in Singapore on
October 12, 1945. Thus, NICA forces more rampant. They want to restore colonial rule in
Indonesia by demanding that all firearms in the hands of the population, except for TKR
and the police, handed over to them. Desire is resisted by the youths who are members of
TKR and bodies struggle. As a result, armed clashes between the British and TKR
unavoidable.
The night of November 24, 1945, TKR and agencies struggle launched an attack
on the British positions in the north, including the Hotel Homann and Hotel Preanger they
use as a headquarters. Three days later, MacDonald delivered an ultimatum to the
Governor of West Java to South Bandung vacated by residents of Indonesia, including the
armed forces.
Another calamity occurred in Bandung, namely jebolnya Cikapundung River dam
causing a huge flood. The incident occurred on the evening of 25 November 1945.
Jebolnya river embankment was linked to terrorism NICA so incurs the wrath of the
people, they then take action in retaliation.
At that time the city of Bandung is divided into two areas of power. North Bandung
under the Allied powers and South Bandung under the authority of the Republic of
Indonesia. In accordance with the political line dipplomasi, the Republic of Indonesia must
vacate the South Bandung. Allied then demanded emptying the extent to eleven kilometers
of South Bandung. The result is a scorched earth actions throughout the city. Bandung
severe burns from the eastern limit to the western limit of Cicadas Andir. Approximately
one million people fled to Bandung outside the city.
Allied ultimatum that the Army of the Republic of Indonesia (TRI, the military at
that time) left the city of Bandung encourage TRI to perform the operation "bumihangus".
The fighters the Republic of Indonesia is not willing if Bandung utilized by the Allies and
NICA. Bandung burned decision to be reached by consensus Assembly Persatoean
Priangan Struggle (MP3) in the presence of all the power struggle of the Republic of
Indonesia, on March 24 1946Kolonel Abdoel Haris Nasution as Commander of Division
III TRI announce the results of the meetings and ordered the evacuation of the city of
Bandung. That same day, a large group long flowing Bandung residents to leave the city
of Bandung and the evening was the burning of the city took place.
Bandung TRI and intentionally burned by local people with the intention that the
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 Allies can not use Bandung as a military strategic headquarters. Everywhere the rising
black smoke rose high in the air and all of a power failure. The British Army began to
attack so fierce fighting occurred. The greatest battle occurred in the village Dayeuhkolot,
south of Bandung, where there are a large ammunition depot belonging to the Allied
Forces. In this battle Muhammad Toha and Ramdan two militiamen BRI (Barisan
Indonesian people) falls on a mission to destroy the ammunition depot. Muhammad Toha
managed to detonate the dynamite warehouse. Munitions Building NICA it exploded and
burned along with the militia in it. Bandung city administration staff will initially remain
in the city, but for the sake of their safety, then at 21.00 it also joined the group to evacuate
from Bandung.
Since then, approximately at 24.00 South Bandung have been empty of inhabitants
and TRI. But the fire still rising burn the city, so Bandung became a sea of fire.
Bandung scorched earth is considered an appropriate strategy in the War of
Independence Indonesia because of the strength of TRI and the people's militia is not
comparable to the strength of the Allies and NICA large amounts. After the incident, along
TRI people's militia to fight guerrilla warfare from outside Bandung. These events inspired
a song Halo, Halo Bandung is the name of its creator is still a matter of debate.
A few years later, the song "Halo, Halo Bandung" is officially written, into the
memory of the freedom fighters emotions experienced while the Republic of Indonesia,
waiting to return to their beloved city that has become a sea of fire.
Hero in the battle in Singapore, among others: Aruji Kertawinata Sutoko, Nawawi
Alib, Colonel Hidayat, Otto Iskandardinata, Colonel Abdul Haris Nasution (Division
Commander West Java), Ramdan, and Muhammad Toha.
Summary:
Events Bandung Lautan Api is a big fire events that occurred in the city of Bandung, West
Java province, Indonesia on 24 March 1946. Within seven hours, about 200,000 people
Bandung burned their homes, leaving the city to the mountains in the south of Bandung.
This is done to prevent the Allied forces and NICA Netherlands to be able to use the city
of Bandung as a military strategic headquarters in the War of Independence Indonesia.

HYSTORI OF THE WORLD WAR II

World War II, or the Second World War (commonly abbreviated as WWII or WW2), was a global war
which lasted from 1939 until 1945. This war involves many countries in the world-including all the major
powers-that eventually formed two military alliances conflicting: the Allies and the Axis. This war is a war
widest in history involving more than 100 million people in the various troops a state of "total war," the big
countries to maximize all the capabilities of economic, industrial, and scientific for the war, so remove the
distinction between civilian resources, and military , Characterized by a number of significant events
involving the mass death of civilians, including the Holocaust and the use of nuclear weapons in war, the
war claimed the lives of as many as 50 million to 70 million. The death toll makes the Second World War
the deadliest conflict in the history of mankind.

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Empire of Japan sought to dominate East Asia and has already started a war with the Republic of China in
1937, but in general the world war broke out on September 1, 1939 with the invasion of Poland by Germany
followed a series of declaration of war on Germany by France and Britain. Since the end of 1939 to early
1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany formed an alliance with Italy is a central, controlled or
conquered most of continental Europe. After the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Germany and the Soviet Union
split up and annexed neighboring countries alone in Europe, including Poland. United Kingdom, with
imperiumdan commonwealth, being the only major Allied powers who continued to battle the Axis bloc, by
holding a battle in North Africa and the Battle of the Atlantic. In June 1941, the European Axis launched an
invasion of the Soviet Union which marks the opening of the largest land theater of war throughout history,
involving the majority of Axis military forces until the end of the war. In December 1941, Japan joined the
Axis bloc, attacked the United States and European territories in the Pacific Ocean, and quickly mastered
most of the Western Pacific.

Axis invasion stopped in 1942, after Japan's defeat in many sea battles and defeated European Axis troops in
North Africa and Stalingrad. In 1943, through a series of German defeats in Eastern Europe, the Allied
invasion of Italy, and the US victory in the Pacific, Poros lose their initiative and strategic retreat on all
fronts. In 1944, the Western Allies invaded France, while the Soviet recapture of all territories were never
annexed and invaded Germany and its allies. The war in Europe ended with the occupation of Berlin by
Soviet troops and Polish and German unconditional surrender on May 8, 1945. Throughout 1944 and 1945,
the United States defeated the Japanese Navy and occupy some islands in the Western Pacific, dropped
atomic bombs on the country ahead of the invasion Islands to Japan. The Soviet Union then followed
through negotiations by declaring war on Japan and invaded Manchuria. Empire of Japan surrendered on
August 15, 1945, thus ending the war in Asia and strengthen the total Allied victory over the Axis.

World War II changed the course of political and social structure of the world. United Nations (UN) was
established to strengthen international cooperation and prevent conflicts to come. The great strength which is
the winner of the war-the United States, Soviet Union, China, Great Britain, and France-became a permanent
member of United Nations Security Council. The Soviet Union and the United States as a super power
muncnul competing and set the stage World War that would last for the next 46 years. Meanwhile, the
influence of the great powers of Europe began to weaken, and the decolonization of Asia and Africa began.
Most industrial countries badly affected by the economic recovery halted menjlaani. Political integration,
particularly in Europe, emerged as an effort to stabilize postwar relations.

Chronology:

The beginning of the war generally approved on September 1, 1939, began with the German invasion of
Poland; Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. Another date regarding the start of this
war is the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on July 7, 1937.

Others followed the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who believed that the Sino-Japanese War and the war
in Europe and its colonies occur simultaneously and two wars merged in 1941. This article wear
conventional dating. Other early dates are often used for World War II also includes the invasion of Italy to
Abisiniapada on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor looked highway beginning of the
Second World War occurred when Japan invaded Manchuria in August 1939.

The exact date of the end of the war also is not universally agreed upon. From the first mention that the war
is over saatgencatan weapons August 14, 1945 (V-J Day), instead of the official surrender of Japan (2
September 1945); in a number of European history text, this war ended on V-E Day (May 8, 1945). Even so,
the new Treaty of Peace with Japan signed in 1951, and by Germany in 1990.

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Background:

World War I made a big change in the political map, with the defeat of the Central Powers, including
Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire; and the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks in Russia
in 1917. Meanwhile, the countries of the victorious Allies such as France, Belgium, Italy, Greece, and
Romania acquire new territories and new states created after the collapse of Austria-Hungary, the Russian
Empire, and the ottoman Empire.

Although the pacifist movement emerged after the war, the defeat is still making major revanchispemain
nationalism iredentis and in some European countries. Irredentism and revanchism had a strong influence in
Germany because of lost territories, colonies, and the huge financial result of the Versailles Treaty.
According to this agreement, Germany lost 13 percent of its domestic and entire colonies abroad, while
Germany is prohibited annexing another country, must be paid for the repair of war, and limit the size and
capabilities of the country's armed forces. At the same time, the Russian Civil War ended with the formation
of the Soviet Union.

German Empire broke through the German Revolution of 1918-1919 and a democratic governance that
became known as the Weimar Republic was formed. Inter-war period involving clashes between supporters
and opponents of the new republic a hard line on the right wing and the left. Although Italy as the Entente
allies won a number of areas, Italian nationalists angry knowing the promises of Britain and France, which
ensures the entry of Italy in the war was not filled with the amicable settlement. From 1922 to 1925, the
movement of the Fascist leader Benito Mussolini in Italy dnegan nationalist agenda, totalitarian, and class
collaborationist removing representative democracy, suppression of socialists, left-wing and liberal, and
pursuing aggressive foreign policy that seeks to bring Italy as the strength of the world- "New Roman
Empire".

In Germany, the Nazi Party led by Adolf Hitler's attempt to establish a fascist regime in Germany. After the
Great Depression began, domestic support for the Nazi rise and, in 1933, Hitler was appointed Chancellor of
Germany. After the Reichstag fire, Hitler created a totalitarian one-party state led by the Nazi Party.

Parati Kuomintang (KMT) in China launched a unification campaign against regional warlords and
nominally managed to unite China in the mid-1920s, but directly involved in the civil war against the former
communist allies. In 1931, an increasingly militaristic Japanese Empire, which had long sought influence of
China as the first phase of what is called government as the right to rule Asia, used the Mukden Incident as
alasanmelancarkan invasion of Manchuria and established the puppet state of Manchukuo.

Too weak against Japan, China asked for help the League of Nations. Japan withdrew from the League of
Nations after he was criticized for his actions against Manchuria. Both countries then fought in Shanghai,
Rehe and Hebei until the Tanggu Truce in 1933. Thereafter, Chinese volunteer forces continued uprising
against Japanese aggression in Manchuria, and Chahar and Suiyuan

Adolf Hitler, after an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government in 1923, became
Chancellor of Germany in 1933. He wiped democracy, creating a radical revision of the new order and
racist, and immediately began a campaign that kembali.Sementara weapons, France, to protect the alliance,
giving Italy control Ethiopia desired over Italy as a colonial empire. This situation worsened in early 1935
when the Saar Basin Territory legally reunited with Germany and Hitler rejected the Treaty of Versailles,
speeding up the return of the weapons program and introducing conscription.

Hoping to prevent Germany, Great Britain, France, and Italy form the Stresa Front. The Soviet Union,
concerned about the desire of Germany to annex vast areas in Eastern Europe, made an agreement with
French assistance. Before coming into effect, the French-Soviet pact is necessary through the bureaucracy

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League of Nations, which basically makes no berguna.Akan However, in June 1935, the United Kingdom
made an independent marine treaty with Germany, so melonggarkkan previous boundaries. United States,
after considering the events that occurred in Europe and Asia, passed the Neutrality Act in August. In
October, Italy invaded Ethiopia, and Germany is the only major European country that support these actions.
Italy pulled its objections to the actions of the Germans annexed Austria.

Hitler rejected the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno with meremiliterisasi Rhineland in March 1936. He
received little response from other European powers. When the Spanish Civil War broke out in July, Hitler
and Mussolini supporting the Nationalist forces of fascist and authoritarian in their civil war against the
Soviet-backed Spanish Republic. Both parties use this conflict to test new weapons and methods of warfare,
ended with the victory of the Nationalists in early 1939. In October 1936, Germany and Italy form Rome-
Berlin Axis. A month later, Germany and Japan signed the Anti-Comintern Pact, but later followed by Italy
in the following year. In China, after the Xi'an Incident, the Kuomintang and communist forces agree to a
ceasefire to form a united front and equally against Japan.
Parties involved
The allies:
The Soviet Union (1941-45) [nb 1]
United States (1941-45)
British empire
China (at war 1937-45)
France [nb 2]
Poland
Canada
Australia
New Zealand
south Africa
Yugoslavia (1941-45)
Greece (1940-45)
Norway (1940-45)
Netherlands (1940-45)
Belgium (1940-45)
Czechoslovakia
Brazil (1942-45)
...and others
State clients and dolls
Philippines (1941-45)
Mongolia (1941-45)
...and others

Party axis:
German
Empire of Japan (at war 1937-45)
Italy (1940-43)
Hungary (1940-45)
Romania (1941-44)
Bulgaria (1941-44)
Finland (1941-44)
Thailand (1942-45)
Iraq (1941)

State clients and dolls

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 Manchukuo
Italian Social Republic (1943-45)
Croatia (1941-45)
Slovakia
...and others

Commander
The allies:
Winston Churchill
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Joseph Stalin
Chiang Kai-shek

Party axis:

Adolf Hitler
Hirohito
Benito Mussolini

Victim

The allies:

Military casualties:
More than 16 million
Civilian casualties:
More than 45 million
Total casualties:
More than 61 million (1937-45)
Party axis:

Military casualties:
More than 8,000,000
Civilian casualties:
More than 4,000,000
Total casualties:
More than 12 million (1937-45)

History Singhasari kingdom

Singasari royal history began when the kingdom was established around the year 1222 AD
by Ken Arok. Tumapel Singhasari located in the east of Mount Kawi (now the area
Singasari, Malang, East Java). Important historical source of Singhasari in East Java is the
ancient scriptures like Negarakertagama and Pararaton (Book of Kings), written by MPU
Prapanca the Majapahit era. Inscriptions and temples that were made during the Singhasari
tell you many things about people's lives Singasari. Empire Chinese historical records are
also a source of history Singhasari important.
Kings of Singhasari

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Singhasari been ruled by several kings. Under this made it known several kings that ever
reigned Singhasari:
Ken Arok: King and founder of Singhasari after defeating King Kertajaya of Kediri
Kingdom. Kediri Kingdom region later became the territory Singhasari. Ken Arok Singhasari
year reign from 1222 to 1227.
Anusapati: He is a substitute Ken Arok as the king of Singhasari. Anusapati ruled Singhasari
years 1227-1248.
Tohjaya: Raja Raja Anusapati Tohjaya is a replacement, his reign lasted only a few months.
Ranggawuni or Wisnuwardhana: He ruled Singhasari in 1248-1268.
Kertanegara: This king ruled Singhasari years 1268-1292. Kertanegara was the last king of
Singhasari.
Community Life Singhasari
Singasari society divided into upper class (royalty and nobility) and the lower class (the
commoners). There is also a group of religious elders, both Hindu and Buddhist clergy.
Singhasari livelihoods of farming, trade and craftsmen. Even people Singhasari have known
international trade. Singhasari also advance the field of art, it can be seen from the berasarl
translated Mahabharata from India, into the Java language. The incident occurred in the
1200s. In addition to translating the book of Mahabharata, Singhasari also write the laws in
force in the kingdom Singasari into a book.
Future Glory Singhasari :
Singhasari heyday occurred during the reign of Sri Sri Maharajadiraja Kertanegara.
Kertanegara managed to consolidate by way of placing officials who have the ability in their
respective sectors. The king did not hesitate to replace officials who are considered less
qualified. In addition, the king also did friendship with the great kingdoms, one of them with
the Kingdom of Campa. Thanks to the government-run political Kertanegara, Singasari
developed into one of the strongest kingdom in the archipelago, both dl field of trade and
military.
Collapse of the future Singhasari :
Singhasari collapse by two main reasons, namely the pressure of foreign and domestic
rebellion. Foreign pressure coming from Khubilai Khan and the Yuan Dynasty in China.
Kublai Khan wants Singasari to be conquered China. As a person who takes the title as
maharajadiraja, Kertanegara certainly reject it. The rejection was delivered by insulting
messenger named Kublai Khan Meng-chi. Since the concentration Kertanegara focused on
efforts to strengthen the sea defenses. In the midst of efforts to face the attacks of the Mongol
Empire, local authorities suddenly Kediri named Jayakatwang rebellion. Kediri as last
Wangsa Isana territory, have the potential for rebellion. Actually Kertanegara have
accounted, so take Ardharaja law, children Jayakatwang. But step Kertanegara ineffective. In
1292 Jayakatwang stormed the capital and killed Kertanegara as well as master's palace so

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runtuhlan Singhasari.
Remains of Singhasari:
Singhasari left monumental buildings that show the high technology that has been
absorbed by society at that time. There is Candi Kidal, Candi Jago, Singhasari temple, and a
statue depicting one of the King Singasari, Kertanegara. The statue in question, is a statue
Joko Dolok located in Surabaya, East Java.

History Of The Atlantic Charter

World War II began to smell entered in 1941. By mid-August 1941, two warships of the
two world superpowers, the USA and the UK, met at a secret location in the North Atlantic.
USS Augusta (USA) and HMS Prince of Wales (UK) respectively boarded by President
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill anchored to a secret
meeting.

According to the agreement, the two warships belonging to the world's two superpowers
was anchored in the region Argentia, Newfoundland, Canada. Then, President Roosevelt and
Prime Minister Churchill met directly over UK warship HMS Prince of Wales to declare a
collective agreement that has been approved by the United States and the United Kingdom.
The deal, which was declared jointly by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and British
Prime Minister Winston Churchill was called "Atlantic Charter" ( "The Atlantic Charter").
The Atlantic Charter is signed by Roosevelt and Churchill on board the battleship HMS
Prince of Wales on August 14, 1945.

HISTORY OF INTERNET
Originated in several computer science laboratories in the United States, United
Kingdom, and France. The US Department of Defense awarded contracts as early as the
1960s for packet network systems, including the development of the ARPANET (which
would become the first network to use the Internet Protocol). The first message was sent
over the ARPANET from computer science Professor Leonard Kleinrock's laboratory
at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) to the second network node at Stanford
Research Institute (SRI).
Packet switching networks such as ARPANET, NPL network, CYCLADES, Merit
Network, Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a
variety of communications protocols.Donald Davies was the first to put theory into practice
by designing a packet-switched network at the National Physics Laboratory in the UK, the
first of its kind in the world and the cornerstone for UK research for almost two
decades.[3][4] Following, ARPANET further led to the development of protocols
forinternetworking, in which multiple separate networks could be joined into a network of
networks.

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 Access to the ARPANET was expanded in 1981 when the National Science
Foundation (NSF) funded the Computer Science Network(CSNET). In 1982, the Internet
protocol suite (TCP/IP) was introduced as the standard networking protocol on the
ARPANET. In the early 1980s the NSF funded the establishment for national
supercomputing centers at several universities, and provided interconnectivity in 1986 with
the NSFNET project, which also created network access to the supercomputer sites in the
United States from research and education organizations. Commercial Internet service
providers (ISPs) began to emerge in the very late 1980s. The ARPANET was
decommissioned in 1990. Limited private connections to parts of the Internet by officially
commercial entities emerged in several American cities by late 1989 and 1990,[5] and the
NSFNET was decommissioned in 1995, removing the last restrictions on the use of the
Internet to carry commercial traffic.
In the 1980s, the work of British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee on the World
Wide Web theorised protocols linking hypertext documents into a working system, marking
the beginning of the modern Internet.[6] Since the mid-1990s, the Internet has had a
revolutionary impact on culture and commerce, including the rise of near-instant
communication by electronic mail, instant messaging, voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
telephone calls, two-way interactive video calls, and the World Wide Web with
itsdiscussion forums, blogs, social networking, and online shopping sites. The research and
education community continues to develop and use advanced networks such as NSF's very
high speed Backbone Network Service (vBNS), Internet2, and National LambdaRail.
Increasing amounts of data are transmitted at higher and higher speeds over fiber optic
networks operating at 1-Gbit/s, 10-Gbit/s, or more. The Internet's takeover of the global
communication landscape was almost instant in historical terms: it only communicated 1%
of the information flowing through two-way telecommunications networks in the year 1993,
already 51% by 2000, and more than 97% of the telecommunicated information by
2007.[7] Today the Internet continues to grow, driven by ever greater amounts of online
information, commerce, entertainment, and social networking.

Background of technologies[edit]
The first video and computer games, such as NIMROD (1951), OXO (1952),
and Spacewar! (1962), were for one or two players sitting at a single computer which was
being used only to play the game. Later in the 1960s, computers began to support time-
sharing, which allowed multiple users to share use of a computer simultaneously. Systems
ofcomputer terminals were created allowing users to operate the computer from a different
room than where the computer was housed. Soon after, Modem links further expanded this
range so that users did not have to be in the same building as the computer; terminals could
connect to their host computers via dial-up or leased telephone lines. With the increased

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remote access, "host based" games were created, in which users on remote systems
connected to a central computer to play single-player, and soon after, multiplayer games.
Later, in the 1970s, packet-based computer networking technology began to mature.
Between 1973 and 1975, Xerox PARC developed Local Area Networks based on Ethernet.
Additionally, the Wide Area Network ARPANET further developed from its 1969 roots,
lead to the creation of the Internet on January 1, 1983. These LANs and WANS allowed for
network games, where the game created and received network packets; Systems located
across LANs or the Internet could run games with each other in peer-to-peer or client
server models.

History Of Networked host-based systems(game)

A key goal of early network systems such as ARPANET and JANET was to allow
users of "dumb" text-based terminals attached to one host computer (or, later, to terminal
servers) to interactively use programs on other host computers. This meant that games on
those systems were accessible to users in many different locations by use of programs such
as telnet.
Most of the early host-based games were single-player, and frequently originated
and were primarily played at universities. A sizable proportion were written on DEC-
20mainframes, as those had a strong presence in the university market. Games such as The
Oregon Trail (1971), Colossal Cave Adventure (1976), and Star Trek (1972) were very
popular, with several or many students each playing their own copy of the game at once,
time-sharing the system with each other and users running other programs.
Eventually, though, multiplayer host-based games on networked computers began to be
developed. One of the most important of these was MUD (1978), a program which
spawned a genre and had significant input into the development of concepts of shared
world design, having formative impact on the evolution of MMORPG's. In
1984, MADdebuted on BITNET; this was the first MUD fully accessible from a
worldwide computer network.[3] During its two-year existence, 10% of the sites on
BITNET connected to it.[citation needed] In 1988,
another BITNET MUD named MUDA appeared. It lasted for five years, before going off
line due to the retirement of the computers it ran on.[4]
In the summer of 1973, Maze War was first written at NASA's Ames Research Center
in California by high school summer interns using Imlac PDS-1 computers. The authors
added two-player capability by connecting two IMLAC computers with serial cables.
Since two computers were involved, as opposed to "dumb terminals", they could use
formatted protocol packets to send information to each other, so this could be considered
the first peer-to-peer computer video game. It could also be called the first First person
shooter
In 1983, Gary Tarolli wrote a flight simulator demonstration program for Silicon
Graphics workstation computers. In 1984, networking capabilities were added by

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connecting two machines using serial cables just as had been done with the IMLACs for
Mazewar at NASA eleven years earlier. Next, XNS support was added, allowing multiple
stations to play over an Ethernet, just as with the Xerox version of Mazewar. In 1986, UDP
support was added (port 5130), making SGI Dogfight the first game to ever use the Internet
protocol suite. The packets used, though, were broadcast packets, which meant that the
game was limited to a single network segment; it could not cross a router, and thus could
not be played across the Internet. Around 1989, IP Multicast capability was added, and the
game became playable between any compatible hosts on the Internet, assuming that they
had multicast access (which was quite uncommon). The multicast address is 224.0.1.2,
making this only the third multicast application (and the first game) to receive an address
assignment, with only the VMTP protocol (224.0.1.0) and the Network Time
Protocol (224.0.1.1) having arrived earlier.

History Of The X Window System games

In 1986, MIT and DEC released the X Window System, which provided two important
capabilities in terms of game development. Firstly, it provided a widely deployed graphics
system for workstation computers on the Internet. A number of workstation graphics
systems existed, including Bell Labs' BLIT, SGI's IRIS GL, Carnegie Mellon's Andrew
Project, DEC's UWS (Ultrix Workstation Software), VWS (Vax Workstation Software),
and Sun's NeWS, but X managed over time to secure cross-platform dominance, becoming
available for systems from nearly all workstation manufacturers, and coming from MIT,
had particular strength in the academic arena. Since Internet games were being written
mostly by college students, this was critical.
Secondly, X had the capability of using computers as thin clients, allowing a personal
workstation to use a program which was actually being run on a much more powerful server
computer exactly as if the user were sitting at the server computer. While remote control
programs such as VNC allow similar capabilities, X incorporates it at the operating
system level, allowing for much more tightly integrated functionality than these later
solutions provide; multiple applications running on different servers can display individual
windows. For example, a word processor running on one server could have two or three
windows open while a mail reader running on the workstation itself, and a game running on
yet another server could each display their own windows, and all applications would be
using native graphics calls. This meant that starting in the summer of 1986, a class of games
began to be developed which relied on a fast host computer running the game and
"throwing" X display windows, using personal workstation computers to remotely display
the game and receive user input. Since X can use multiple networking systems, games
based on remote X displays are not Internet-only games; they can be played
overDECnet and other non-TCP/IP network stacks.[citation needed]
The first of these remote display games was Xtrek. Based on a PLATO system
game, Empire, Xtrek is a 2D multiplayer space battle game loosely set in the Star
Trek universe. This game could be played across the Internet, probably the first graphical

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game that could do so, a few months ahead of the X version of Maze War. Importantly,
however, the game itself was not aware that it was using a network. In a sense it was a host-
based game, because the program only ran on a single computer, and knew about the X
Window System, and the window system took care of the networking: essentially one
computer displaying on several screens. The X version of Maze War, on the other hand,
was peer-to-peer and used the network directly, with a copy of the program running on each
computer in the game, instead of only a single copy running on a server. Netrek (originally
called Xtrek II) was a fully network-aware clientserver rewrite of Xtrek.Other remote X
display based games include xtank and XPilot (1991).[5] By 1989 Simson Garfinkel reported
that on MIT's Project Athena, "Games like 'X-tank' and 'X-trek' let students at different
workstations command tanks and starships, fire missiles at each other as fast as they can hit
the buttons on their mice, and watch the results on their graphics displays". Observers
estimated that up to one third of Athena usage was for games.[6]

The History of Folk Music

The term Folk music came from England, where they took the German word volk,
meaning people, and applied it to mean the common people of England, the illiterate
peasants who passed on stories and legends through song as they were unable to publish
books. It is generally considered to be an expression of life in the communities in which
the music was developed and is a great help to historians in discovering the way of life of
a people. The term has been used since the 19th century, but Folk music has existed for
hundreds, if not thousands of years.

Folk music was relatively popular at the beginning of the Romantic period. Josef Haydn
and Beethoven were two famous composers who made arrangements of Folk
music. Many also composed traditional Folk dances which were virtually
indistinguishable from the dances and songs sung by the common people. In recent times,
however, Folk music did not have its revival until the 20th century. It is believed that the
first Folk music festival took place in 1928, in Asheville, Carolina. Woodie Guthrie was
one of the main contributors to the revival of folk music, and as many of the original folk
music artists, grew up with Folk music, performing songs his mother had sung to him
when he was a child.

Through the 30s and the 40s Folk music continued to rise in popularity. Stars like
Jimmy Rodgers in the 30s and Burl Ives in the 40s helped to bring the genre to its peak in
the 1950s, with the most popular groups and singers being The Weavers, Harry Belafonte
and the Kingston Trio. Their style was an attempt to honour and reproduce the Folk music
of the past. This style was popular until the mid-late sixties, when folk rock became
popular and the Beatles mania swept the world.

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 In the 60s, the term protest music became popular, in which Folk music singers sang
against the ideals of capitalism and the war in Vietnam, and in favour of movements such
as the American Civil Rights Movement. Certain people call this type of music antifolk
based on the idea that liberal politics reduces the importance of ethnicity, which is an
essential part of Folk music, and that thus protest music is the opposite of true Folk music.

By 1975, the Folk music revival had mostly died out, and was not rejuvenated until the
late 1990s, though that revival was to a much lesser extent than the previous one.
Throughout the 70s and 80s, popular bands nonetheless took elements from Folk music,
and today all over the world there are Folk music clubs and festivals. Englands
Cambridge Folk Music Festival sells out in a couple of days, and Port Fairy Folk Music
Festival in Australia is incredibly popular as well.

Folk music, while not in a peak revival stage, is still very popular today, and given as it
has already progressed hundreds of years, it is not likely to be a form of music we will see
disappear anytime in the near future.

History OF Gang
Criminal gangs have certainly been around as long as crime itself -- it doesn't take a
criminal mastermind to realize there is strength in numbers. The urbanization that
accompanied the Industrial Revolution gave rise to the modern street gang.
New York City was the epicenter of gang activity in America in the 19th century. Poor
sections of the city, such as the Five Points, provided a fertile ground for gangs with strong
ethnic identities, usually Irish. Gangs based on Polish, Italian or other ethnicities were also
common. The Forty Thieves, Shirt Tails and Plug Uglies fought over territory, robbed and
mugged people and sometimes united to fight against gangs from other areas of the city,
such as the waterfront and the Bowery district.
Gang activity gradually increased in the 20th century. Through the 1950s and 60s, most
gangs were in large cities, although nearby towns and suburbs might have hosted offshoot
gangs if they were connected via major highways. Gangs with European ethnicity had all
but disappeared, and gangs became almost exclusively black or Hispanic in their
membership In the 1970s and 80s, narcotic drugs became more prevalent on the streets.
Firearms also became easier to buy illegally. This combination made joining a street gang
both more lucrative and more violent. Overall, gang activity peaked in the mid-1990s.
Some of the most notorious gangs in the United States are the Crips and the Bloods. The
Crips began in Los Angeles in the late 60s, partially in response to the activities of other

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gangs in their East L.A. neighborhood. As the gang grew in power, smaller gangs joined
them until Crips-affiliated gangs dominated the city. The Bloods formed in response, as
the smaller non-Crip gangs sought their own power base. The Crip-Blood rivalry is vicious
and never-ending, but internal strife between different "sets" within each gang has
probably resulted in more murders that the feud itself . Today, both gangs have "franchise"
gangs operating out of cities across the country.
The history of the Vice Lords and Gangster Disciples in Chicago follows a similar
pattern. Starting out as smaller gangs, each attracted members, established control over
large sections of the city and developed a fierce rivalry. The Lords and the Disciples are
part of larger gang coalitions known as the People Nation and the Folk Nation,
respectively. The influence of both gangs has spread to nearby cities.

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 Procedural tex
1.Defenition of procedural text
Definitionof Procedure
Procedure is kind of text which shows on how to makesomething completely.
Procedure text is dominantly structured with imperative sentence since it actually
aninstruction. Procedure text usually explain the ingredient or material which is need,
though sometime it is omitted, after that procedure text will explain step by step how to
make the thing.
Purpose of a Procedure Text :
To describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of action or steps. The
communicative purpose is to tell the steps of making or doing something.
Generic Structure of Procedure
1. 1. Goal: showing the purpose
2. Material: Telling the needed materials. (It can be optional)
3. Step 1 up to finish. Describing the steps to achieve the purpose
Language Feature of Procedure
Using temporal conjunction
Using action verb
Using imperative sentence
Using Simple Present Tense
2.procedural text
1.HOW TO MAKE GADO-GADO (VEGETABLE SALAD WITH PEANUT SAUCE)

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INGREDIENTS :
- 2 cup shredded cabbage
- 2 cup 1" cut long beans
- 1 bunch swamp cabbage cut up
- 2 cup beansprouts
- a few lettuce leaves
- 1 cucumber, sliced
- 1 cup cooked cubed soya bean cake
- 1 medium size boiled potato cubed
- 1 sliced hard-boiled egg
- 2 tablespoons fried onion shrimp crackers

SAUCE :
- 1 cup fried peanut
- 1 clove garlic
- 1 teaspoon shrimp
- 2 red chillies
- 1 teaspoon brown sugar
- 1/2 teaspoon tamarind
- 1 lemon
salt to taste
water, depending on desired thickness

UTENSILS :
- pot
- colander
- mortar and pestle
- serving dish

PREPARATION :
1. Boil separately the cabbage, long beans, swamp cabbage and beansprouts than put aside.
2. Pound the fried peanut into a fine powder. Using the mortar and pestle, crush the garlic, shrimp
paste, chillies, brown sugar, tamarind into a paste adding a little salt.
3. Mix the peanut and the paste together and add the water to desired thickness.
4. Squeeze the lemon into the sauce.

PRESENTATION :
1. On a serving dish spread the vegetables out. Put the cabbage first, round the edge with lettuce,
then put the cucumber slices on top of the lettuce. In the centre put the others vegetables, the
soya bean, potato, garnish with the sliced egg.

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2. Pour the sauce over all this, and garnish with fried onion and shrimp crackers.

2. HOW TO MAKE A CUP OF COFFEE

MATERIALS AND INGEDIENTS :

- 2 spoons of sugar
- one spoon of coffee powder
- hot water
- a cup
- a spoon

PROCEDURE :
1. Prepare two spoons of sugar, a cup, hot water, one spoon of coffee powder, a spoon.
2. Put one spoon of coffee powder into the cup.
3. Pour some hot water into the cup.
4. Add 2 spoons of sugar into a cup of coffee
5. Stir it well and the hot coffee is ready to drink

3. HOW TO MAKE NASI UDUK

INGREDIENTS :
- 2 cups of rice
- 2 cups of coconut milk
- 1 tsp salt
- 1 pandan leaf
- 1 jeruk purut leaf
- 1 salam leaf
- 1 lemon grass

UTENSILS :
- pan
- big pot

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 - steamer
- rice paddle

COOKING METHOD :
1. Cook the coconut milk with all the other ingredients except the rice.
2. Meanwhile, wash the rice in another big pot.
3. When the coconut milk comes to a boil, pour it in the pot filled with rice and stir frequently
until all the liquid is absorbed.
4. Move the rice to a steamer until it is cooked.
5. Take out the leaves before serving.

PRESENTATION :
1. Serve hot on a platter with shredded omelet and a mixture of fried peanuts and fried onions.
2. Garnish the platter with sliced cucumber, tomato and green leaves. This recipe makes 4
servings.

4. HOW TO MAKE PANCAKE

INGREDIENTS :
- 3 4 spoonful of flour
- 2 eggs
- 1 (250 ml) of milk
- 1 stick of butter

MATERIALS :
- 1 mixing bowl
- 2 table spoons
- 2 cups
- 1 small pan

PROCEDURE :
1. Put the flour in the bowl.
2. Put milk in a cup.
3. Make sure it's 250 ml of milk.
4. Put the milk in the bowl.
5. Break the 2 eggs into the bowl.
6. Mix it with a spoon.
7. Heat up the pan and put the butter
8. Put the mix in the pan.
9. Let the pancake mix cook about 5 minutes

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10. Flip pancake over when the top is brown.
11. Your pancake its ready to be serve

HOW TO MAKE A KITE

MATERIALS :
- 3 pieces of cane
- Thread
- Large sheet of strong paper (e.g. tissue)
- Soft pencil
- Scissors
- Paint and paintbrush
- Glue
- Strong string

PROCEDURE :
The Frame
- Dampen the cane to make flexible
- Carefully, bend the cane to desired shape then tie securely with thread

The Covering
- Lay the frame on sheet of paper
- Trace around frame with pencil
- Cut covering approximately 1 cm larger than the outline
- Paint bird on covering (e.g. bowl)
- When paint is dry, place the frame on unpainted side.
- Now, fold edges of covering over the frame carefully, and glue them down.

The Bridle
- Cut 3 pieces of string, each 20 cm long.
- Secure one end of each string tightly to frame at the shoulders and tail of the bird.
- Then, tie the other ends in a knot.

HOW TO MAKE INDOMIE FRIED NOODLE

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MATERIALS :
- One pack of instant noodle
- Water

PROCEDURE :
- First, boil two glasses of water in a pan.
- Then, open the package of Indomie fried noodles.
- While waiting for the water to boil, pour the seasoning: chili sauce, soya sauce and oil into a
bowl.
- After the water is boiled, drain the noodles.
- Next, throw away the water.
- Then, pour the noodles into the bowl.
- After that, mix the noodles with the seasoning, sauce, and the other ingredients.
- Now, your noodles are ready.

HOW TO MAKE SANDWICH

MATERIALS :
- Two slice of bread
- Cheddar cheese
- Tomato sauce
- Mayonnaise
- Tomatoes
- Lettuce leaves

STEPS :
First, place a slice of bread on the plate.
Second, put the tomato sauce.

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Third, add salad, slice tomatoes, cheddar cheese, mayonnaise, tomato sauce.
After that, add lettuce leaves
Then, put a slice of bread on the top
and Finally, serve it!

HOW TO INSERT SIM CARD CELLPHONE

Cellphone is a modern communication device which connects one to the others by voice,
written message and data. However this device can not work until the SIM card is inserted.
When inserting the SIM Card to cellphone, make sure that the cellphone has been switched off
and follow the direction bellow :
First of all, press the locking catch and slide the cover then lift it off the phone.
After that, push two catches in the opposite directions and remove the battery.
Next, slide the SIM card carefully into the slot and make sure that the golden connect arson are
facing to the connector of the phone.
Then, put the battery and align it until snaps into its place.
Finally, insert the two catches of the back cover corresponding slot in the phone and slide the
cover forward button of the phone until locks into place
Don't forget to switch on the cellphone. Wait until it is ready to use

HOW TO CHARGE HAND PHONE BATTERY

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Prepare your :
- hand phone
- battery charger

Steps :

1. Connect the charger to your hand phone, the flash symbol on the charger plug must face
upward.
2. Wait until the battery icon appears on the screen.
3. Charge the battery approximately 5 hours or until the battery icon indicates that the battery
is fully charged.
4. Remove the charger by pulling out from your hand phone.

HOW TO MAKE FRIED RICE

INGREDIENTS :
- a plate of rice
- 1 red chili pepper chopped
- 1 clove garlic chopped fine
- 1 clove chopped onion
- pinch of salt
- 2 tbsp margarine

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- 2 tbsp soya sauce

COOKING METHOD :
1. Crush the red pepper, garlic and onion until very fine.
2. Add the salt and saute in margarine over low heat for 2 minutes.
3. Add the rice and soya sauce
5. Stir until well mixed and rice is hot.

PRESENTATION :

1. Serve hot on a plate.

2. Garnish with shredded omelet and sliced cucumber and tomatoes.

HOW TO OPERATE A FAN

1. Plug the power cord into a wall outlet. (AC 120 Volts 60 HZ)
2. To make the fan move sideways, push the pin on top of the motor.
3. To move the fan up or down, first pull up the oscilla ting pin, then press the tilt adjustment
knob.
4. To change the speed of the fan, press one of the switches at the bottom.

HOW TO BOIL EGG IN SIMPLE AND EASY WAY

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Eggs are a rich source of protein and vitamins and are generally healthy to eat, unless you have
a high cholesterol level.
You can eat eggs raw, boiled or cooked in a pan as scrambled eggs or an omelet. Boiling eggs
is one of the easiest ways to prepare them. Follow the steps!
First of all, place the raw egg in a saucepan!
Second, Run cold water into the saucepan until the water is 1 inch above the egg.
After that, Place the saucepan on a stove and cook over medium heat until the water begins to
boil.
The next, don't forget to reduce the heat to low
Then, Simmer for 2 to 3 minutes for soft-boiled eggs or 10 to 15 minutes for hard-boiled eggs.
Finally, Remove the egg with a spoon or ladle and let it cool slowly, or run cold water over it to
cool it more quickly.

. HOW TO MAKE RUJAK BUAH

INGREDIENTS :
- 1 papaya, cut into 1/2 inch cubes
- 1 cucumber, peeled
- 1 mango, peeled cubed
- 1 Apple, cut into 1/2 inch cubes
- 3 tablespoons peanuts, fry
- 1 hot chili pepper, seed, sliced
- 1/4 cup brown sugar
- 1 tablespoon tamarind, dissolved in 1/4 cup water

PROCEDURE :
1. Mix all the fruits together
2. Grind chilies and salt
3. Add brown sugar

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4. Add dry roasted peanuts and grind completely
5. Pour some tamarind liquid
6. Mix the sauce and fruits together
7. Serve chilled

HOW TO MAKE SEMUR AYAM

INGREDIENTS :
1 whole chicken cut up
1 cup sweet soya sauce
1 teaspoon nutmeg
2 tablespoon onion (chopped)
2-3 tablespoon margarine or oil
2 cloves
water, as needed

UTENSILS :
bowl
pan
wooden-spoon

PREPARATION :
1. Put the chicken pieces in a bowl and mix them with salt, pepper, nutmeg and sweet soya
sauce.
2. Marinate for 10-15 minutes.
3. Fry the onion in either margarine or oil until transparent in a pan.
4. Put the marinated chicken in the pan and cook until done, stirring occasionally. Add water if it
becomes dry.
5. While it is cooking add the cloves and continue cooking for about 30-45 minutes.
6. Finally, serve it.

HOW TO MAKE KOLAK

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INGREDIENTS :
500 gr sweet potatoes
2 cups thick coconut milk
90 gr brown sugar
pinch of salt
2 cups water

UTENSILS :
cutting board
pot
knife

COOKING METHOD :
1. Peel and wash the sweet potatoes and cut them into small squares.
2. Boil in 2 cups of water for 10 minutes
3. In other saucepan, simmer the coconut milk with a pinch of salt and the brown sugar, stirring
and being careful that the coconut milk doesn't quite come to the boil.
4. When the sugar is dissolved, put in the sweet potatoes and continue to simmer for about 10
to 15 minutes, until potatoes are cooked.
5. Serve hot.

How To Make Doughnut

Materials and how to make cake doughnuts.
Materials :

Wheat flour kg
11 grams of moment yeast pack
4 tablespoons sugar
Chicken eggs 2 eggs
Boiled water 200 ml
Milk powder 3 tablespoons

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 3 tbsp margarine
3 tsp salt
margarine cream (that doughnut has a dry composition)
Cooking oil to taste.

Concerning the enhancement of doughnuts, you can utilize sugar or flour can likewise with
different fixings, for example, cheddar, spread, peanuts (slashed), and meisis chestnut.
Ventures to make the doughnuts:

1. Set up a holder (dish or other) to blend the elements for doughnuts.

2. Enter the eggs in a holder, include additionally flour, sugar, milk, spread, margarine
cream, and salt, then whisk all fixings until all around mixed. (To begin with player)
3. Enter the yeast in the other holder, include water, mix
4. Enter the yeast water into the first blend, mixing until smooth.
5. Manipulate the batter by hand until smooth.
6. Close the holder, let remain around 30 minutes (until the batter).
7. Structure the batter into little circles (utilize a tablespoon of that same size), and after
that spare the mixture which has been framed on the compartment that has been
already sprinkle flour. Complete these progressions until all the batter is framed.
8. Let remain back around 20 minutes until batter which had been framed before looks
swell.
9. Heat the container utilizing a little fire, and enter the cooking oil to taste.

10.Take the batter which had been framed before, bolongi center (doughnut shape by and
large), and sear until delicate and somewhat cocoa shading, evacuate and channel.

11.Sprinkle doughnut that has been seared with flour sugar, or in the event that you need,
can likewise spread the surface with margarine then sprinkled on top toping utilizing
meisis, cheddar, or shelled nut.
12.Counterfeit Doughnut you ready to be served.

Potato Donut Recipe

Ingredients:

500 grams of wheat flour

200 grams of potatoes smooth
100 grams of sugar
4 egg yolks
100 ml of cold water
50 grams of milk powder
75 grams of butter
11 grams of instant yeast (1 sachet)

How to make:

141
 Combine flour, milk powder, sugar, and yeast.
Enter the egg yolks, potatoes, and water into dough.
Take 1 tablespoon dough. Round the dough and holes in the middle. Let it for 20
minutes.
Fry donuts one by one. Fry for a few minutes then remove from the heat.
Let it until cold.
Sprinkle the donuts using sugar or chocolate.
Donat potatoes is ready to serve.

How To Make Crunchy Fried Chicken

Ingredients:

1 young chickens, cut into pieces

2000 ml of water or to taste
1 vertebra thumb galangal, crushed
4 bay leaves
150 ml coconut milk from coconut 1/3
200 g of corn starch
1 egg
1 stalk lemongrass, crushed
Salt to taste
Oil for frying to taste
6 shallots
4 cloves of garlic
6 grains hazelnut, roasted
1 small knuckle turmeric fuel
1 tbsp coriander, toasted
Salt to taste

How to Make Crunchy Fried Chicken:

First cut the chicken into pieces, then boiled with 2000 ml of water or until slightly
tender, remove and drain it.
Take a new frying pan, fill enough water, then enter the chicken, and spices, galangal,
lemongrass, and bay leaves. Steam while turning occasionally, wait until chicken is
tender.
Then add the coconut milk and stir until boiling.
Then lift the chicken, strained chicken broth seasoning, then dispose of the waste.
After a cold chicken broth, enter sago flour and eggs, salt and stir until the dough
becomes soft.
Heat enough oil, dip the chicken into batter, fried until golden brown. Remove and

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 drain.
Finally, strain used fry oil, then heat again with a small flame. Fried leftover flour
mixture little by little, remove and drain.
How To Make Mango Juice

Materials:

A glass of ice pack

A spoon of sugar
A piece of mango
A half glass of water

Steps :
1. First, peel the mango and clean it
2. Next, cut the mango into pieces and put them into the juicer
3. Then, put the water, ice and sugar
4. After that turn on the juice and wait about 15 seconds
5. Finally, pour the mango juice into the glass and ready to drink .

How To Make Simple Sandwich

INGREDIENTS :
1. two slice of bread,
2. cheddar cheese,
3. chilli sauce,
4. beef sausage that has been be cut,
5.fried egg,
6.tomato,
7. celery, and
8. cucumbar.

TOOLS :
1.Knife
2. Plate

STEPS :
1. First,place a slice of bread on the plate.
2. Second,put the chilli sauce.
3. Third,adds tomato, cheddar cheese, beef sausage, fried egg.
4. After that,add chilli sauce.

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5. Then,put a slice of bread on the top, and cut into triangle shape.
6. Garnish with cucumbar and celery ,Finally, serve it!

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 Speech
1.DEFENITION OF SPEECH
2.SPEECH
ENVIRONMENT
Good Morning ladies and gentle men. Alhamdulillah praise to Allah SWT on that still gives
grace and guidance so until now I can stand here in front of you all and we can meet here in
this happy day.

Then the prayers along with the greeting we had given to the our lord

I respect Mother tutor Madam Maria.

I respect Mr / Mrs audience blessed by our lord

Well without wasting much time, I will enter the title of my speech is Importance of
Protecting the Environment.

The word may have been very familiar Globalization our ears. Globalization can accelerate
economic development anywhere in the world. Technology developed into a tool that can
make people work more easily. In fact, to support the many new technologies are born like
computers, mobile phones, and so on. Unfortunately, the speed of technological
improvements are not currently followed by the awareness to protect the surrounding
environment.

Plants, animals, humans and the environment are interdependent. Plants need a good
environment to grow, animals need plants to eat, and everything humans need to survive.
Everything is as usual to destroy humans. There is no one living creature on earth can
destroy it except humans. For example, man-made oil drilling massive human-caused

145
vehicle requiring increased along with the increase in human population from year to year.
As a result, the waste produced from vehicles, becoming one of the factors causing
contamination of the air around us. It also causes a lot of damage that we often hear, such
as global warming, acid rain, etc.

Global warming caused by excessive greenhouse effect, such as CO2 and CFCs make the
earth into heat. It also led mencairya iceberg in the North Pole and South Pole. In addition,
it has the potential to create extreme weather we do not expect that we hear or see in the
news, such as heavy snowfall, blizzards, intense heat, storms, etc. other environmental
damage. we need to prevent is acid rain. Although, it can prevent global warming indirectly,
but acid rain is more harmful to the environment than the short-term global warming.

ladies and gentle men

Humans are the main cause of all the problems mentioned above! so, we as human beings
need to feel sorry for it. We're supposed to be the successor of the earth instead of the
destructor. Therefore, from now on, we need to save our environment.

Therefore, from now on let's keep our environment for the next generation. We can start
with small things, such as reducing fuel use everyday, reusing paper, or waste recycling.
The point is, no matter how small the job we do, it will be felt by our children and our
grandchildren one day later. Should we let our children and our children suffer because of
extreme weather or severe disasters in the future? For me it is not an option

Before I end this speech, I hope that this speech will give the best for you, and for me, and
all mankind.

I think that's it from me. I apologize for any errors and defects. Thank you for your attention.
Good Morning.

EDUCATION
Above our establishment here, then let us be ever grateful to God, who has given us all the
blessings in the form of health and safety Blessing grace ceaselessly from day to day, from
hour to hour, even from second to second. Without it, we might be able to be here to listen
to a short speech, but this is important.

146
Furthermore, along with the greeting we had given blessings for our Lord, the messenger of
God who has given us many teachings to live in the world and the hereafter.

In this auspicious occasion, I would like to extend a short speech entitled about improving
education. Improving education is a very important step to make the students grow into
adults. In the modern era, as now, everything is possible to do; and education is likely to
improve. Without improvement, education is an ancient style that will not be used. For this
reason, education must continue to be improved over time.

In order to make it work, there are at least two ideas to improve education.

a. Maintain updated technology.

b. Implement life skills.

The first idea, it is very important to keep updated technology in the school environment.
When all school facilities already utilizing the latest technology, then whatever we need to
be very easy to do. For example, to learn English would be more effective, language
laboratories should use the latest technology such as the use of digital boards in learning
new vocabulary; This can be very effective and efficient in learning how to spell, how to
say, and how to use the vocabulary to give a presentation on the digital board.

Furthermore, in practice speaking, an internet connection is one of the facilities that should
ailable in the laboratory. By using this internet connection, students can practice talking to
strangers. The easiest way is to make calls via Skype. Just become friends with strangers
and we all will believe that making free calls over Skype is a strong activity in improving
their speaking ability.

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Do not be too worried about repairs like this, because the most important thing is when the
technology is updated there that are beyond the control of the school, thus the bright future
of education will be easier to achieve.

The second idea is to apply life skills. Life skills are behaviors used appropriately and
responsibly in the management of personal affairs. It is a human skill that is acquired through
teaching or direct experience that are used to deal with a problem and questions commonly
encountered in daily human life. Subjects vary greatly depending on the social norms and
expectations that exist in society.

There are several reasons why every school should menyenyebabkan apply life skills to
students. One reason for that is that every student should have his own skills to become well-
behaved people. When his skills are supported by the school, it will encourage him to do
better for other skills. It should be underlined that the encouragement of self-esteem, then it
will be able to improve their education. Several observations and studies have proven it.

Despite the fact there are many ideas to improve education, but the two ideas above
emergency is enough when they are applied properly. Whatever the curriculum used, but
when the school is able to adapt them to good ideas, I believe that education will be better
than ever.

Thank you for all your participation just to listen to my short speech about how to improve
education. The last words I said.

Enhancing the Self-Esteem

All the praise be to our Lord, the Lord of universe.Everlastingly upon the leader of all
messengers, guider and leader of us, upon all of his families, companions, and followers
until the end of the time.

And to all my dearest students of IKIP Gunung Sitoli,

All of you possibly understand how important the self-esteem is for your own selves.
Everyone really must maintain his/her self-esteem and should not let anyone
underestimate and humiliate her/himself.

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You all might have known that self-esteem is an individuals valuation to self-honorary
through the attitudes towards his/herself that is implicit and non-verbalized and describe
how far the individual valuates his/herself as a person who possess skills, meanings,
preciousness, and competence. Self-esteem is truly important that always is required to be
enhanced to reach for life with high dignity and pride.
Started out from own selves self-esteem will grow.
Started from own selves
Started from little things
Started from this moment

There are few steps to grow and enhance the self-esteem and you can follow these steps
from now on:

Firstly, learn to always be grateful for yourselves. Although sometimes people contemn
you but you should always have convictions on yourselves that you have full rights for
your life and you are the one who understand the most about yourselves.

Secondly, learn to love for yourselves. Love for yourselves means accept everything on
yourselves whatever it is and learn to improve the potentials you have. Look at the positive
sides of yourselves and the most important thing is to always be thankful for everything
you we have.

Thirdly, possess the positive self-image. This thing is related to self-acceptance. Self-
image is way of view towards your own selves. Convince yourselves that you deserve to
be success, you deserve to be loved and appreciated, and you are a special individual.

Fourthly, do everything you consider it is important to do. Although you may feel like
unable to do anything because you are too shy or scared, force yourselves out to go
through that process. Have faith on yourselves that you can do it.

Fifth, learn how to live independently. Live without depending on others so that you
wont be susceptible to rejections.

Sixth, do not relate your self-esteem with the failures and mistakes you have made.

Seventhly, have a right self-concept regarding self-esteem. Self-esteem comes from

inside not outside of ourselves and not be found on materials we have, success we achieve,

149
its because materials and success only require phantom self-esteem that will not last
forever.

Eightly, appreciate your own selves. Do not refute any simple complement said by
people about us. Accept all those complements and think out further forward. Be careful of
words on your mind like I am stupid, I just cannot do it, thats all just a dream, It
wont come true. Those poisonous words will ruin your self-esteem you have been
building up step by step.

Thats all you can follow to make your self-esteem enhanced. Keep your self-esteem and
enhance it by following those eight recipes I have said earlier.

I wish everything I said will bring all-to-the goods for all of you my dearest students. I say
my deep apology for any mistake I made on my words.

Teachers are hero too

Good Morning

In this lovely occasion May Our Lord bless us and always give his mercies. And I would
like to deliver my speech which titled Teachers are hero too.

Ladies and Gentlemen

Indonesia is an absolutely rich in source and human. So we must say thanks a lot to the
God who made us here. But we also must keep both of these resources being maximized
and respect all which is contained in.

Teacher is one of the occupation in Indonesia. They are also as the human resources.
Being a independent generation which develop the main character of student as the next
generation is not a easy. This is why the task of the teacher is heavy.

They are as one of the main factor of the developing countries. Bad or not can be by how
teacher in one country. So the fully take a role in education. In case many of the teacher
dont get enough facilities and salary by their occupation.

By seeing in the small region, teacher, to eat some rice is hard. They blamed by their
salary can not covered their live cost. In result, other people do not want to be teacher as
poor as this situation.

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It needs more support from the government to fulfill their live cost, increase their
incentive, salary, and other for their wife and children. So they can survive in this hero
occupation called teacher like in the other developed country, Swiss, Finland, UK.

So, respect teachers by studying hard!

Thanks for your attention.

NARKOBA
Good morning all

I would like to thank all the participants who have provided an opportunity for me to be
standing in this pulpit. Let us give thanks to God for his permission so that we can follow
this great event.

The medicine is a term that is very popular in Indonesia and the world. In Indonesia, we
know the drug as a drug which is an abbreviation of narcotics, psychotropic and addictive.
Drugs commonly known as shabu and ectasy. Both substances are widely used by high
school students. However, many adults also consume it, as we often see on television that
adults who were arrested by the police because of their use of ectasy.

Drug manufacturers realize that consumers do not like the expensive price. Therefore, in
order to promote a wider drugs, then many low grade heroin is produced. Although known
as heroin, have a lower price, and also to give effect to the drug user's death.

The presence of drugs that have a low price can be seen in many places. At the first time,
we found the only drug users in nightclubs or discotheques, now they are increasingly
widespread. You can find low-class as heroin even in remote villages. This proves that
drug users continues to increase every year and this is a terrible fact.

Of course, a very broad spread of drug effects on all circles of life. Currently, the youth
with gloomy adolescence because his days always used to buy narcotics. They use drugs
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for a variety of reasons. Most young people who use drugs are teenagers who do not get
attention from their parents. Somewhere in Indonesia, the data showed that three out of ten
young drug users. Meanwhile, the data for all regions in Indonesia shows that of the 50
Indonesian least one person who never tasted the drug.

A study conducted by the ILO or the International Labor Organization said that about 4
percent of drug users in Indonesia are teenagers under the age of 17 years. It is a reality
that we must contemplate. Indonesia is a big country and has the potential to become a
developed country. But how Indonesia can become a developed country if the young
people who use drugs?

In fact, some of the teens involved in the manufacture and trade of drugs even when they
are aged 13 or 15 years. The fact is reinforced by the statement of the National Narcotics
Coordinating Board reveal that drug users from Indonesia amounted to approximately
7,000 junior high school students, more than 10,000 high school students, and about 800
of elementary school students. This data is very poor and I personally can not imagine if
drug use continues to rise again and again.

In addition to affordable prices, what really makes the students in Indonesia is easy to
obtain drugs? People who use drugs usually want to have fun or escape from the problems
of life. Most likely, the students in Indonesia using drugs because they are ostracized by
their families or also called a broken home. As such, they are reluctant to stay at home and
prefer to have fun with the use of drugs.

In addition to these reasons, students can easily use the drug for a number of traders
closely with schools to cheat, to coerce, or give free medication to students around the
school. When students are addicted to drugs, then the merchant will not allow them to get
it free. They have to buy at high prices.

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All the facts I give to you, it has been demonstrated that this drug is very close to our lives,
especially young people. In fact, when people consume drugs consistently, can be
damaged brain function and worsen the course of the future.

Let us keep ourselves and our families from the illegal drugs. If you have teenagers, then
pay attention to their physical and spiritual needs. Never give them the opportunity to use
drugs.

That's what can I say, I apologize for any mistakes.

INDENPENDENTS DAY
To all the blissful Fun Walk Participants,
Starting the Fun and Healthy Walk event that we will be holding in the next few moments,
lets first say our praise and gratitude to our God , the God of One and Almighty due to all
of His grace and blessing upon our life, especially for the health blessing we always feel in
our lives.

Being Healthy is beautiful. Therefore, we must always be grateful and take care of it by
doing positive things like we are going to do today.

To all the honorable audience,

Through the holding of Fun Walk activity in order to celebrate the 46th Anniversary of
Scout Movement and the 62th anniversary of Indonesian Republics Proclamation Day by
the forming of attitude, mentality, and personality of Indonesian youths who possess the
spirits to defend the nation, the patriot of developments, and become unifier of nation.

To realize this vision and mission, we need to immediately carry out organizing efforts.
Just like what have been carried out by this organization, Scout Movement has held a wide
and broad range, started from local to national level, which are all of them must be
organized well.

To achieve the mission and vision of Scouts Movement, the role of an instructor and
guider is highly important. In other words, the role of instructor and guider becomes a
factor that really affects and guarantees the successfulness of Scout Movements relativity,
in the same manner as the role of teachers and lecturers in the relativity of education

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system.

This activity is surely very strategic in our effort to embrace youths in the midst of society,
so that they can participate in positive activities provided by Scout Movement in Gunung
Sitoli City
For that reason, I always welcome well the steps carried out by Scout Movement Troops,
in hope of activities like these can imprint the spirits and love of youths towards patriotism
and nationalism in the society.

I am on the behalf of Tarakan City Government say thanks for all the components of
GUNUNG SITOLI town people who have participated. Finally, the Scout Fun Walk of
High School and Public Level in Gunung Sitoli Town this morning, hereby I state it is
officially started.

I wish our Lord will always give His blessing upon us and all of our deeds would be
rewarded deservedly by Him. Aamiin.
Glory for Scouts! Glory for Indonesia! Thats the end of my speech. Thank you.

OBAMA: EDUCATION

Hello everyone hows everybody doing today? Im here with students at Wakefield High
School in Arlington, Virginia. And weve got students tuning in from all across America,
kindergarten through twelfth grade. Im glad you all could join us today.

I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school. And for those of you in
kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, its your first day in a new school, so its
understandable if youre a little nervous. I imagine there are some seniors out there who
are feeling pretty good right now, with just one more year to go. And no matter what grade
youre in, some of you are probably wishing it were still summer, and you couldve stayed
in bed just a little longer this morning.

I know that feeling. When I was young, my family lived in Indonesia for a few years, and
my mother didnt have the money to send me where all the American kids went to school.
So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself, Monday through Friday at 4:30 in the
morning.

Now I wasnt too happy about getting up that early. A lot of times, Id fall asleep right
there at the kitchen table. But whenever Id complain, my mother would just give me one

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of those looks and say, "This is no picnic for me either, buster."

So I know some of you are still adjusting to being back at school. But Im here today
because I have something important to discuss with you. Im here because I want to talk
with you about your education and whats expected of all of you in this new school year.

Now Ive given a lot of speeches about education. And Ive talked a lot about
responsibility.

Ive talked about your teachers responsibility for inspiring you, and pushing you to learn.

Ive talked about your parents responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and get
your homework done, and dont spend every waking hour in front of the TV or with that
Xbox.

Ive talked a lot about your governments responsibility for setting high standards,
supporting teachers and principals, and turning around schools that arent working where
students arent getting the opportunities they deserve.

But at the end of the day, we can have the most dedicated teachers, the most supportive
parents, and the best schools in the world and none of it will matter unless all of you
fulfill your responsibilities. Unless you show up to those schools; pay attention to those
teachers; listen to your parents, grandparents and other adults; and put in the hard work it
takes to succeed.

And thats what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your
education. I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself.

Every single one of you has something youre good at. Every single one of you has
something to offer. And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is.
Thats the opportunity an education can provide.

Maybe you could be a good writer maybe even good enough to write a book or articles
in a newspaper but you might not know it until you write a paper for your English class.
Maybe you could be an innovator or an inventor maybe even good enough to come up
with the next iPhone or a new medicine or vaccine but you might not know it until you
do a project for your science class. Maybe you could be a mayor or a Senator or a
Supreme Court Justice, but you might not know that until you join student government or
the debate team.

And no matter what you want to do with your life I guarantee that youll need an

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education to do it. You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer? You want to
be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military? Youre going to need a
good education for every single one of those careers. You cant drop out of school and just
drop into a good job. Youve got to work for it and train for it and learn for it.

And this isnt just important for your own life and your own future. What you make of
your education will decide nothing less than the future of this country. What youre
learning in school today will determine whether we as a nation can meet our greatest
challenges in the future.

Youll need the knowledge and problem-solving skills you learn in science and math to
cure diseases like cancer and AIDS, and to develop new energy technologies and protect
our environment. Youll need the insights and critical thinking skills you gain in history
and social studies to fight poverty and homelessness, crime and discrimination, and make
our nation more fair and more free. Youll need the creativity and ingenuity you develop
in all your classes to build new companies that will create new jobs and boost our
economy.

We need every single one of you to develop your talents, skills and intellect so you can
help solve our most difficult problems. If you dont do that if you quit on school
youre not just quitting on yourself, youre quitting on your country.

Now I know its not always easy to do well in school. I know a lot of you have challenges
in your lives right now that can make it hard to focus on your schoolwork.

I get it. I know what thats like. My father left my family when I was two years old, and I
was raised by a single mother who struggled at times to pay the bills and wasnt always
able to give us things the other kids had. There were times when I missed having a father
in my life. There were times when I was lonely and felt like I didnt fit in.

So I wasnt always as focused as I should have been. I did some things Im not proud of,
and got in more trouble than I should have. And my life could have easily taken a turn for
the worse.

But I was fortunate. I got a lot of second chances and had the opportunity to go to college,
and law school, and follow my dreams. My wife, our First Lady Michelle Obama, has a
similar story. Neither of her parents had gone to college, and they didnt have much. But
they worked hard, and she worked hard, so that she could go to the best schools in this
country.

Some of you might not have those advantages. Maybe you dont have adults in your life

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who give you the support that you need. Maybe someone in your family has lost their job,
and theres not enough money to go around. Maybe you live in a neighborhood where you
dont feel safe, or have friends who are pressuring you to do things you know arent right.

But at the end of the day, the circumstances of your life what you look like, where you
come from, how much money you have, what youve got going on at home thats no
excuse for neglecting your homework or having a bad attitude. Thats no excuse for
talking back to your teacher, or cutting class, or dropping out of school. Thats no excuse
for not trying.

Where you are right now doesnt have to determine where youll end up. No ones written
your destiny for you. Here in America, you write your own destiny. You make your own
future.

Thats what young people like you are doing every day, all across America.

Young people like Jazmin Perez, from Roma, Texas. Jazmin didnt speak English when
she first started school. Hardly anyone in her hometown went to college, and neither of her
parents had gone either. But she worked hard, earned good grades, got a scholarship to
Brown University, and is now in graduate school, studying public health, on her way to
being Dr. Jazmin Perez.

Im thinking about Andoni Schultz, from Los Altos, California, whos fought brain cancer
since he was three. Hes endured all sorts of treatments and surgeries, one of which
affected his memory, so it took him much longer hundreds of extra hours to do his
schoolwork. But he never fell behind, and hes headed to college this fall.

And then theres Shantell Steve, from my hometown of Chicago, Illinois. Even when
bouncing from foster home to foster home in the toughest neighborhoods, she managed to
get a job at a local health center; start a program to keep young people out of gangs; and
shes on track to graduate high school with honors and go on to college.

Jazmin, Andoni and Shantell arent any different from any of you. They faced challenges
in their lives just like you do. But they refused to give up. They chose to take
responsibility for their education and set goals for themselves. And I expect all of you to
do the same.

Thats why today, Im calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education
and to do everything you can to meet them. Your goal can be something as simple as
doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending time each day reading a
book. Maybe youll decide to get involved in an extracurricular activity, or volunteer in

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your community. Maybe youll decide to stand up for kids who are being teased or bullied
because of who they are or how they look, because you believe, like I do, that all kids
deserve a safe environment to study and learn. Maybe youll decide to take better care of
yourself so you can be more ready to learn. And along those lines, I hope youll all wash
your hands a lot, and stay home from school when you dont feel well, so we can keep
people from getting the flu this fall and winter.

Whatever you resolve to do, I want you to commit to it. I want you to really work at it.

I know that sometimes, you get the sense from TV that you can be rich and successful
without any hard work -- that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or
being a reality TV star, when chances are, youre not going to be any of those things.

But the truth is, being successful is hard. You wont love every subject you study. You
wont click with every teacher. Not every homework assignment will seem completely
relevant to your life right this minute. And you wont necessarily succeed at everything the
first time you try.

Thats OK. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones whove had the
most failures. JK Rowlings first Harry Potter book was rejected twelve times before it
was finally published. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and
he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career. But he once
said, "I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed."

These people succeeded because they understand that you cant let your failures define
you you have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do
differently next time. If you get in trouble, that doesnt mean youre a troublemaker, it
means you need to try harder to behave. If you get a bad grade, that doesnt mean youre
stupid, it just means you need to spend more time studying.

No ones born being good at things, you become good at things through hard work. Youre
not a varsity athlete the first time you play a new sport. You dont hit every note the first
time you sing a song. Youve got to practice. Its the same with your schoolwork. You
might have to do a math problem a few times before you get it right, or read something a
few times before you understand it, or do a few drafts of a paper before its good enough
to hand in.

Dont be afraid to ask questions. Dont be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that
every day. Asking for help isnt a sign of weakness, its a sign of strength. It shows you
have the courage to admit when you dont know something, and to learn something new.
So find an adult you trust a parent, grandparent or teacher; a coach or counselor and

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ask them to help you stay on track to meet your goals.

And even when youre struggling, even when youre discouraged, and you feel like other
people have given up on you dont ever give up on yourself. Because when you give up
on yourself, you give up on your country.

The story of America isnt about people who quit when things got tough. Its about people
who kept going, who tried harder, who loved their country too much to do anything less
than their best.

Its the story of students who sat where you sit 250 years ago, and went on to wage a
revolution and found this nation. Students who sat where you sit 75 years ago who
overcame a Depression and won a world war; who fought for civil rights and put a man on
the moon. Students who sat where you sit 20 years ago who founded Google, Twitter and
Facebook and changed the way we communicate with each other.

So today, I want to ask you, whats your contribution going to be? What problems are you
going to solve? What discoveries will you make? What will a president who comes here in
twenty or fifty or one hundred years say about what all of you did for this country?

Your families, your teachers, and I are doing everything we can to make sure you have the
education you need to answer these questions. Im working hard to fix up your classrooms
and get you the books, equipment and computers you need to learn. But youve got to do
your part too. So I expect you to get serious this year. I expect you to put your best effort
into everything you do. I expect great things from each of you. So dont let us down
dont let your family or your country or yourself down. Make us all proud. I know you can
do it.

Thank you, God bless you, and God bless America.

Today women worldwide

Good Morning.

This day, all women in the world celebrate Womens Day. Women's Day is a day to
honor women's struggle for change, to remember the progress, which has been made towards
improvement of life quality of women. It is the day for confirming our commitment to the
work towards the freedom of women.

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 As we celebrate the Women 's Day, we admit that we still have a long way to go to
achieve full emancipation of women from the hardships they have experience because of
their race, gender and social class.

There are many rural women having the most difficulty in accessing education, health
and other basic services. They were the ones who had to go into the bushes and collect
woods for families with no electricity. They literary kept the fire burning and kept families
together while many rural men were in urban areas. Some women still face these challenges
in their everyday life. Unfortunately, this major contribution made by women and rural
women in particular has never been and is still not being valued or appreciated.

Migration is another major factor that has exposed women to several challenges
including HIV and AIDS. Single sex hostels broke down the families and indirectly
encouraged men to have "urban partners" while occasionally returning to their families and
wives in the rural areas. Of course, this led to a spread of disease and sexually transmitted
infections including HIV.

Sexual violence against women and girls and rape are issues that remain a challenge in
our society. Poverty and poor living conditions have added to women's vulnerability to
violence and increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections. The physical
trauma of violence and sexual assault have left scars and unimaginable emotional damage
on many women.

We need to ask whether: "Are things getting better for rural women in this country, or
are they getting worse, or are they staying the same?"

If things are getting worse, as a patriotic citizen of this country I ask why are they getting
worse and what is it that I as an individual and part of a collective can do to address them?

If they are getting better, another question arises as to whether are they getting better fast
enough for women who have been subjected to oppression for hundreds of years?

As a society we are all battling to come to terms with high level of violence and to
deal with it. We know that the brutality of the previous regime, and the violence used against
our people, has seriously affected all of us including our children.

The other major factor is that, although we still have a long way to go, our criminal
justice system is improving. This has increased the reporting of cases because our people
know that there is now more possibility of seeing justice being done.Other things have
improved for women in SA, including for rural women, but we still have a long way to go

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in reaching our targets. Free health care for pregnant women and for children under 6 years,
was a major achievement. In many communities, the poorest women who in the past had
not come nor brought their children to a clinic, started to visit health facilities. Women
started to book earlier at antenatal clinics and therefore, increasing the chances of safe
pregnancy and delivery.

We need to encourage our women to utilize family planning services in order to

prevent unwanted pregnancies and when they decide to get pregnant, to use the free
antenatal care services available.
I know that conditions for rural women are still difficult and that we still have a long way to go to
achieve a truly healthy society. But the most important thing is that we should support all good decisions
of Government who wants to help our life, especially womens destiny to make significant progress.

We should believe that true liberation comes with socio-economic and gender emancipation. And
unless we can push back the frontiers of poverty, most of the democratic advances that have been made
will be in vain.

Good Morning.

Cleanliness
Good Morning.
Ladies and Gentlemencd f

Many of us have known the importance of cleanliness. However, we sometime act

like dont care about our school environment. We always see many garbage in every corner
of our school. It make our school dirty and give bad impacts to us. We even dont realize
that those problems were caused by our lack of awareness about environment. I think if we
dont make some big changes it will damage our life.

There are some ways to make our school cleanliness. First, we have to make ourselves
aware about the importance of cleanliness. We can start by taking every garbage every time
we see it. We also have to put rubbish in the bin. The teacher have to give a good example
to their student about this. Second, the picket schedule have to make in every class. Before
we start the lessons. They have to clean our class first. So, we can learn comfortably. The
last, the school has to make some rule that help keeping our school environment. The rule
that prohibits student to endanger the cleanliness. The punishments of the rule are also have
to be clear. So, the student will not try to harm our school.

Ladies and Gentlemen

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 We have big responsibilities to make our school keep clean. I wish my speech can
help us to aware about environment problems. Thank you

Excelency: Mrs Layla as the Headmaster of SMA Englishindo.

Respectable: All teachers and staffs of SMA Englishindo.

Honorable: All my friends I love much.

First of all, I would like to say that the very first gratefulness is delivered to The
Almighty, Allah SWT: The Greatest Creator to His everlasting and mercy; therefore, I can
stand here to deliver my speech.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

We often heard many slogans which recommend us to keep environment clean in

some places, especially in school.

However, we sometimes forgot it. We thought that it is like a joke without any
importances and advantages. As far as we know that the slogan is very important for us to
make us always keep our school cleanliness; but the fact that there are so many students
who still throw rubbish around although they have known there is a dustbin.

Of course, we dont want our school to be dirty and full of rubbish. For the sake of
making our surroundings clean and healthy, we need to do some ways to avoid and solve
the problems. They are :

Teachers should give examples to always throw the rubbish in the bin.
Teachers should warn and advise students who throw the rubbish around especially
when the students are eating and drinking in the classroom.
School should have rules relating to this cleanliness.
School should have threat of punishment for whoever throws the rubbish around.
Students should remember and apply all rules so that they are afraid of the punishment
given when they throw the rubbish around.

All of us, especially the students of SMA Englishindo, should always remember that
the rules are not to be broken but to be comply with. Through these ways, the cleanliness in
the school is not only a myth but a real fact which makes the process of learning and teaching
in the classroom to be comfortable for everyone.

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Good Morning.

Drug Dangers for Teens

Good morning for all of the audiences

First of all, let's thanks Allah the Al Mighty who has been giving us mercy and
blessing so we can attend this meeting without any obstacles in this great occasion.

Ladies and Gentlemen, I would like to deliver my speech in this morning.

The addictive drug is a kind of drug, which is often misused and cause many problems
on one's nerves. Drug abuse can result in nerve damage, resulting in addiction and
dependence. The use of drugs does not fit the current rules a lot going on in the community.

When a drug is used, the effects will be retrieved by the user. First, the drug is able
to provide peace to the wearer and make them unconscious. When used in excess, then the
drug could result in death. Later, the drug can also cause stimulation and passion toward the
user.

The Ladies and Gentlemen

Drugs are not only used by the adults, but its abuse was committed by teen years old.
In Indonesia, we often see an awful lot of kids who use drugs. Of course, the use of addictive
substances provides a broad and thorough impact for them. They will experience a change
in behavior, decreasing the quality of work, potentially causing crime and getting the health
disorders cause death.

As teachers and parents, we should prevent any drug abuse. We can make a variety
of programs and activities such as playing music, exercising, making the clubs studied, and
various social activities. In essence, we make a wide range of activities that aim to distract
the students.

All students as the young generation in particular

This is a very serious problem for us. A generation of this nation will be lost if we do
not take action together and soon. In short, we must be willing to go to against illicit drugs,
and war must start from within.

So, what can we do as a young generation? Prevention is better than cure. Avoid drugs
because once you try it, you will be stuck and then became addicted. You will eventually be

163
turned into criminals or take your life. We have so many examples around us, what happens
to the user. They are all loose on their future. I think we do not want such things to happen
to ourselves.

Let us do the above efforts consistently and never give up. I am sure that we could
eradicate drugs in Indonesia.

Thats all my speech. I do hope my speech will be useful in our life.

God bless you.....

Hopes and Dreams

Good Morning.

Respectable all of teachers

Honorable all of parents and all friends of this school

First of all lets pray and thanks unto our God who has given us mercies and blessings.
So we can attend in this program without any trouble and obstacles.

We are the candidates who could be successful in the future. This is the hope of all of
us as students, parents and teachers in all schools. You become a successful person if it is a
pride for us. The first step to make you a success is having a dream. Make great dreaming
and keep it stays upright while hurricane crashing though a hurricane struck. Dream keeps
flying on space with dashing like the red-white flag.

If we haven't had a dream then now is the time. Specify the dreams of us from now
on. Deduce the dream for us with true and correct. Let the dream enslave us to make come
true. Be aware the kids that dream sign someone's life and have hope. His life will be excited
and far removed from any disease and stress.

We are great people stories. Then there we will find their success, our success named
perceptible in all time history is the beginning of a dream. Look at the Prophet Muhammad,
Marcopolo, Leonardo Davinci, Isaac Newton, and hundreds of other great people. They start
from a dream.

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 Therefore at this time, let build dreams of you. What we want in life, it is the time to
dream. Your guys are in the golden age. Don't waste the time for your guys.

There are a few tips to be a successful person in reaching goals among us;

1. Become a sturdy that can pass through a variety of obstacles.

2. Add insights/knowledge
3. person who never give up.
4. Learn to be a better person.
5. Receive foolish gracefully.
6. Always think positive.
7. Always pray to Almighty God

The father/mother, all teachers and friends who I respect

Hopefully, i hope it can be realized. Thats all my speech, may what I have
delivered be useful in our life. If you found many mistakes in my speech please forgive me.

Good Morning.god bless you.

Demand Obligations Science

Good Morning.

First of all, lets pray and thank unto our god Allah who has been giving us some
mercies and blessings so we can attend and gather in this place in good condition and happy
situation.
Science has an important role in this journey of life. With someone would be steadier in the
exercise of worship to God Almighty, know the actual purpose and essence.
197
However, in contrast to someone who is blind would be the science of religion, then
everything you do will not know the basics and real purpose. It is not to impinge on the
Muslims and we should realize every Muslim has a duty to study.

Seek the knowledge and you must get priority on every Muslim. People learned and
then know the road that will be traveled. People crave a happy life in the world and it must
have knowledge. People who crave happiness the world hereafter shall have science
anyway. Therefore be not to feel tired to study, and anywhere we have to keep looking
though the country of China, as a similar.

All attendees who are blessed

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 Many ways is carried out to look for knowledge. Some seek knowledge by listening
to Religious and some are looking for science through reading books. Also some seek
knowledge through schools, and many more seek trough science resource. But keep in mind
that it is known and seeking the most dominant is to start children of school age. Because
with a great opportunity, the children of early age still have a strong catching power. The
science is really as capital material on the life of the days to come. Science has accepted the
children start early with a serious manner. It will be marked and remembered constantly. So
the importance of the study started early, meaning they can really reach a golden
opportunity. As with science, then it could support the full of life now and tomorrow and in
the next future.

All attendees who are blessed,

Once we find the science seriously, do not forget to practice. The learned are obligated
to practice the science not hidden. When someone has a science and then hidden, then the
threat will be received. So the short blurb that we pass, with hopeful we have servants
including religious studies. We want to apply in everyday life so happy world of the afterlife.

Good Morning.

Environmental Hygiene School

Good Morning.

Excelency: Mrs Layla as the Headmaster of SMA Englishindo.

Respectable: All teachers and staffs of SMA Englishindo.

Honorable: All my friends I love much.

First of all, I would like to say that the very first gratefulness is delivered to The
Almighty, Allah SWT: The Greatest Creator to His everlasting and mercy; therefore, I can
stand here to deliver my speech.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

We often heard many slogans which recommend us to keep environment clean in

some places, especially in school.

166
 However, we sometimes forgot it. We thought that it is like a joke without any
importances and advantages. As far as we know that the slogan is very important for us to
make us always keep our school cleanliness; but the fact that there are so many students
who still throw rubbish around although they have known there is a dustbin.

Of course, we dont want our school to be dirty and full of rubbish. For the sake of
making our surroundings clean and healthy, we need to do some ways to avoid and solve
the problems. They are :

Teachers should give examples to always throw the rubbish in the bin.
Teachers should warn and advise students who throw the rubbish around especially
when the students are eating and drinking in the classroom.

School should have rules relating to this cleanliness.

School should have threat of punishment for whoever throws the rubbish around.
Students should remember and apply all rules so that they are afraid of the punishment
given when they throw the rubbish around.

All of us, especially the students of SMA Englishindo, should always remember that
the rules are not to be broken but to be comply with. Through these ways, the cleanliness in
the school is not only a myth but a real fact which makes the process of learning and teaching
in the classroom to be comfortable for everyone.

Last but not least, I hope that this speech is useful for all of us so that our school can
be the best school in our country. Thanks for your nice attentions.

Good Morning.

Call to Love the Motherland

Good Morning.

The Honorable our principal, Mr. Heidy Tambayun.

The Honourable all of my teachers.

And all of my beloved friends.

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Ladies and gentlemen,

Loving our motherland is a value of morality which becomes thinner day by day. The
existence of free market and foreign culture which come in freely is one of the causes why
the love for our motherland and all of the culture inside it begins to fade out. Even, it feels
difficult to find teenagers who respect the countrys ideologies in this modern era.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Growing the love for the motherland is not easy. This love should be started from our
heart naturally. For example, if we have children at home, we can tell them the history of
our nation in their spare time as the substitution of the fairy tale. Besides, we can also
encourage them to listen to national songs.

Ladies and gentlemen,

As students, there are many things that we can do to realize our love to our country.
For example, we can study diligently as the effort to be high quality young generation.
Moreover, we can always use our national language, bahasa Indonesia, and local languages
to communicate in daily life. Even though there are many slang languages that are used by
young people, we must try to use our language well and right.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Loving our motherland can be started by caring and respecting the symbols of
countries, such as our flag, and Garuda. We also have to love domestic product. Even though
there are so many imported goods nowadays, we have to be sure that those goods have same
quality with the local products.

Good Morning.

Youth Pledge
Good Morning

Best wishes for all of us.

The Honorable Mr. Bambang Suprapto as the president of youth organization

The Honorable Mrs. Endah Cahyani as Vice president

And Indonesian youths that I proud of..

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 Let us pray with gratitude to Allah SWT so that on October 28th; we still can
commemorate the 87 years old Youth Pledge Day. May god is pleased to keep giving peace,
prosperity, love, and blessings which are abundant for our country. Let us also pray so that
Indonesian Youth continues to evolve in establishing the future of our nation with work
hard, creativity and spirit of togetherness. On this occasion I would like to deliver a speech
in commemoration of youths vow day to remind us back to the spirit of unity.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Youth pledge is a moment where the entire youth in Indonesia became a unity. They
pledged an oath on 28 October 1928 in Jakarta. The meeting was attended by representatives
of youth from all over Indonesia with the one determination that is national unity among the
youth. The meeting resulted an oath consisted:

We, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, acknowledge one motherland, Indonesia.

We, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, acknowledge one nation, the nation of Indonesia.

We, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, respect the language of unity, Indonesian

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Commemorating the Youth Day should remind us as youth to continue, maintain, and
sustain the spirit of unity to defend the independence of Indonesia. The spirit which had
been made should be applied in everyday life so that this nation can walk in its history path
in accordance with the values of the Youth Pledge, Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Currently youth has lost the spirit of unite because of affected by this modern life.
Youth are more individualistic and indifferent to environment so that caused so much schism
among youth. Moreover, the youths attitude now tends to be passive and do not want to
know about the development of our country. One of the examples is the lack of their
participation in local elections. The leaders who submitted himself as a leader came mostly
from the old people. Whereas if youth participate actively involved in politics in this
country, it would create a lot of innovation to make our nation develop.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Where are the youth today? They now have been complacent of modern age. We
prefer activities that do not have benefits such as having fun and wasting money. Even many
criminals that arise are done by the youth. Drugs also play a huge role in destroying the
spirit of the youth. In fact, they are the successors of the nation that will run this country in
the future.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

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 In youth oath day, let us re-establish a sense of unity. Youth oath should be an
inspiration to build the nations collective consciousness in order to improve the quality and
competitiveness by maintaining the existence of youth in the global world. Youth in the
global life would still exist when they show an independence capacity in carrying out its
duties and responsibilities.

So that was speech I have to say, Happy Youth Pledge Day and may we always remain
united in maintaining this independence. Thank you for your attention.

Long live the Indonesian Youth!

Good Morning.

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