Critical Values of t-Distribution

The table shows the critical t-values for a given alpha level (one-tailed) and degrees of freedom
The degrees of freedom are the rows (denoted by v)
Note: The probability levels represent the whole of alpha (you must divide alpha by 2
if you want the t-value for a two-tailed test)

v 0.1000 0.0500 0.0250 0.0100 0.0050 0.0010 0.0005

1 3.078 6.314 12.706 31.821 63.657 318.309 636.619
2 1.886 2.920 4.303 6.965 9.925 22.327 31.599
3 1.638 2.353 3.182 4.541 5.841 10.215 12.924
4 1.533 2.132 2.776 3.747 4.604 7.173 8.610
5 1.476 2.015 2.571 3.365 4.032 5.893 6.869
6 1.440 1.943 2.447 3.143 3.707 5.208 5.959
7 1.415 1.895 2.365 2.998 3.499 4.785 5.408
8 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 4.501 5.041
9 1.383 1.833 2.262 2.821 3.250 4.297 4.781
10 1.372 1.812 2.228 2.764 3.169 4.144 4.587
11 1.363 1.796 2.201 2.718 3.106 4.025 4.437
12 1.356 1.782 2.179 2.681 3.055 3.930 4.318
13 1.350 1.771 2.160 2.650 3.012 3.852 4.221
14 1.345 1.761 2.145 2.624 2.977 3.787 4.140
15 1.341 1.753 2.131 2.602 2.947 3.733 4.073
16 1.337 1.746 2.120 2.583 2.921 3.686 4.015
17 1.333 1.740 2.110 2.567 2.898 3.646 3.965
18 1.330 1.734 2.101 2.552 2.878 3.610 3.922
19 1.328 1.729 2.093 2.539 2.861 3.579 3.883
20 1.325 1.725 2.086 2.528 2.845 3.552 3.850
21 1.323 1.721 2.080 2.518 2.831 3.527 3.819
22 1.321 1.717 2.074 2.508 2.819 3.505 3.792
23 1.319 1.714 2.069 2.500 2.807 3.485 3.768
24 1.318 1.711 2.064 2.492 2.797 3.467 3.745
25 1.316 1.708 2.060 2.485 2.787 3.450 3.725
26 1.315 1.706 2.056 2.479 2.779 3.435 3.707
27 1.314 1.703 2.052 2.473 2.771 3.421 3.690
28 1.313 1.701 2.048 2.467 2.763 3.408 3.674
29 1.311 1.699 2.045 2.462 2.756 3.396 3.659
30 1.310 1.697 2.042 2.457 2.750 3.385 3.646
40 1.303 1.684 2.021 2.423 2.704 3.307 3.551
50 1.299 1.676 2.009 2.403 2.678 3.261 3.496
60 1.296 1.671 2.000 2.390 2.660 3.232 3.460
100 1.290 1.660 1.984 2.364 2.626 3.174 3.390
120 1.289 1.658 1.980 2.358 2.617 3.160 3.373
Infinity 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.090 3.291
Normal and t-Distribution Tables

Values in red are cells that you need to supply information.

Values in blue are the answers

Calculating the probability for a particular value of X

Based on Absoluet Value of z-score
Mean 12.03 P(mu < |X|) 0.5000
Std Dev 0.02 P(>=|X|) 0.0000
Value of X 11.5
Sample Size (n) 30
z-score -26.5000

Calculating a particular value of X at a Specified Percentile for a Normal Distribution

Mean 12.03
Std Dev 0.02
Percentile 0.9500
z score 1.6449
value at percentile 12.0629

p- values of z and t Sample size 100

Based on z-values Based on t-values
Test statistic 1-tail 2-tail 1-tail 2-tail
1.850 0.032 0.064 0.0336 0.06727
 Based on Absoluet Value of t-distribution-score
P(mu < |X|) 0.5000
P(>=|X|) 0.0000

stribution
Common Values of z and t

Sample size 500

z-values
Alpha Level 1 - alpha One-tailed Two-tail Alpha Level 1 - alpha
0.200 0.800 0.842 1.282 0.200 0.800
0.100 0.900 1.782 1.645 0.100 0.900
0.050 0.950 1.645 1.960 0.050 0.950
0.010 0.990 2.326 2.576 0.010 0.990
0.001 0.999 3.090 3.291 0.001 0.999

Comparison of a Z and T Value as Sample Size Gets Larger

Sample size Z-value t-value

10 too small 2.262
20 too small 2.093
30 1.960 2.045
50 1.960 2.010
100 1.960 1.984
500 1.960 1.965
1000 1.960 1.962
 t-values
One-tail Two-tail
0.8423 1.2833
1.2833 1.6479
1.6479 1.9647
2.3338 2.5857
3.1066 3.3101
Standard Normal Curve Probability Distribution

The table is based on the upper right 1/2 of the Normal Distribution; total area shown is .5
The Z-score values are represented by the column value + row value, up to two decimal places
The probabilities up to the Z-score are in the cells

Z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
0.0 0.0000 0.0040 0.0080 0.0120 0.0160 0.0199 0.0239 0.0279 0.0319 0.0359
0.1 0.0398 0.0438 0.0478 0.0517 0.0557 0.0596 0.0636 0.0675 0.0714 0.0753
0.2 0.0793 0.0832 0.0871 0.0910 0.0948 0.0987 0.1026 0.1064 0.1103 0.1141
0.3 0.1179 0.1217 0.1255 0.1293 0.1331 0.1368 0.1406 0.1443 0.1480 0.1517
0.4 0.1554 0.1591 0.1628 0.1664 0.1700 0.1736 0.1772 0.1808 0.1844 0.1879
0.5 0.1915 0.1950 0.1985 0.2019 0.2054 0.2088 0.2123 0.2157 0.2190 0.2224
0.6 0.2257 0.2291 0.2324 0.2357 0.2389 0.2422 0.2454 0.2486 0.2517 0.2549
0.7 0.2580 0.2611 0.2642 0.2673 0.2704 0.2734 0.2764 0.2794 0.2823 0.2852
0.8 0.2881 0.2910 0.2939 0.2967 0.2995 0.3023 0.3051 0.3078 0.3106 0.3133
0.9 0.3159 0.3186 0.3212 0.3238 0.3264 0.3289 0.3315 0.3340 0.3365 0.3389
1.0 0.3413 0.3438 0.3461 0.3485 0.3508 0.3531 0.3554 0.3577 0.3599 0.3621

1.1 0.3643 0.3665 0.3686 0.3708 0.3729 0.3749 0.3770 0.3790 0.3810 0.3830
1.2 0.3849 0.3869 0.3888 0.3907 0.3925 0.3944 0.3962 0.3980 0.3997 0.4015
1.3 0.4032 0.4049 0.4066 0.4082 0.4099 0.4115 0.4131 0.4147 0.4162 0.4177
1.4 0.4192 0.4207 0.4222 0.4236 0.4251 0.4265 0.4279 0.4292 0.4306 0.4319
1.5 0.4332 0.4345 0.4357 0.4370 0.4382 0.4394 0.4406 0.4418 0.4429 0.4441
1.6 0.4452 0.4463 0.4474 0.4484 0.4495 0.4505 0.4515 0.4525 0.4535 0.4545
1.7 0.4554 0.4564 0.4573 0.4582 0.4591 0.4599 0.4608 0.4616 0.4625 0.4633
1.8 0.4641 0.4649 0.4656 0.4664 0.4671 0.4678 0.4686 0.4693 0.4699 0.4706
1.9 0.4713 0.4719 0.4726 0.4732 0.4738 0.4744 0.4750 0.4756 0.4761 0.4767
2.0 0.4772 0.4778 0.4783 0.4788 0.4793 0.4798 0.4803 0.4808 0.4812 0.4817

2.1 0.4821 0.4826 0.4830 0.4834 0.4838 0.4842 0.4846 0.4850 0.4854 0.4857
2.2 0.4861 0.4864 0.4868 0.4871 0.4875 0.4878 0.4881 0.4884 0.4887 0.4890
2.3 0.4893 0.4896 0.4898 0.4901 0.4904 0.4906 0.4909 0.4911 0.4913 0.4916
2.4 0.4918 0.4920 0.4922 0.4925 0.4927 0.4929 0.4931 0.4932 0.4934 0.4936
2.5 0.4938 0.4940 0.4941 0.4943 0.4945 0.4946 0.4948 0.4949 0.4951 0.4952
2.6 0.4953 0.4955 0.4956 0.4957 0.4959 0.4960 0.4961 0.4962 0.4963 0.4964
2.7 0.4965 0.4966 0.4967 0.4968 0.4969 0.4970 0.4971 0.4972 0.4973 0.4974
2.8 0.4974 0.4975 0.4976 0.4977 0.4977 0.4978 0.4979 0.4979 0.4980 0.4981
2.9 0.4981 0.4982 0.4982 0.4983 0.4984 0.4984 0.4985 0.4985 0.4986 0.4986
3.0 0.4987 0.4987 0.4987 0.4988 0.4988 0.4989 0.4989 0.4989 0.4990 0.4990

Rejection regions for Common Values of Alpha

Alternative Hypothesis

Lower Tailed Upper Tailed Two Tailed

alpha = .10 z < -1.28 z > 1.28 z < -1.645 or z > 1.645
alpha = .05 z < -1.645 z > 1.645 z < -1.96 or z > 1.96
alpha = .01 z < -2.33 z > 2.33 z < -2.575 or z > 2.575