MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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Word bank :
battery
wire
switch
lamp
Component
Series circuit
flow
Condenser
resistance
coil
exposure light emergency
scissors and spoons
socket
paperclip
tail
pump
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Page 1 of 9
MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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WE CAN USE COMPONENTS TO MAKE OUR
OWN CIRCUIT?
SOLUTION FOR MATCHING PAGE 98 .
1- SWITCH
2- WIRE.
3- BATTAERY
4- LAMP
ELECTRICITY FLOWS THROUGH THE
COMPONENTS IN THE CIRCUIT.
There are many other electrical component we use at
home:
Condenser coils resistances
We can use the simple series circuit as a test
circuit
- when we put Each component out of the circuit in the
test circuit one at a time ,If the lamp in the test
circuit lights the component is working .
if it doesn't then you have found faulty component .
PAGE 99
- To make electricity flow we need source of
electricity like batteries.
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MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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- Batteries make electrical energy when chemical
inside them react together.
- There are cells in batteries which release tiny
particles which move from the + side to side .
- When a wire is connected to the battery the particles
move throw the wire and back to the battery .
Why are rechargeable batteries useful?
Because its long life time .
Make a list of three things that use rechargeable battery?
Mobile phone laptop exposure light emergency.
Page 100
- When we added more lamps the lamps got less
bright.
- We can decrease number of lamps connected to the
battery to make lamps brighter.
Page 101
- The brightness of lamps does not change .
- The position of the lamps and the batteries doesn't
change brightness of the lamps .
- Fairly lights in a very long circuit , if one lamp stops
working none of them work because there is no flow
of electricity.
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MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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Construct your own electric circuit
- Electricity is very powerful and can be dangerous.
Why we use batteries in school investigation ?
Because it is safe
Page 102
Comparison between batteries and mains
electricity.
- Batteries have a much lower voltage than mains
electricity .
- Batteries voltage between ( 1.5 3 6 9 12 24) V,
the mains electricity voltage between ( 220 240 ) V
- Small things like toys , torches don't need much
electricity so they use batteries.
- Large thinges like television , fridges need a lot of
electricity so , they use mains electricity.
- Mains electricity is very dangerous it can flow
through us easily ,this could kill us.
- If you see the symbol high voltage we should stay
away from it.
- Don't touch an electric socket ,even when the socket
is switched off.
Page 103
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MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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- Electricity can flow through metal things ,so never
stick scissors or spoons or any metal objects into a
main socket.
- Electricity can also flow through water.
Why should we never touch a socket with wet hands?
Because electricity can flow through water and then
through us .
- The plastic part of a plug stops electricity flowing
into us .
- Always hold this part when you 're plugging or
unplugging appliances.
- Wires are also covered in plastic to stop electricity
flowing through us.
- If we use the appliance in the picture the appliance
will be heated.
List five things that use mains electricity?
1- Television
2- Fridge
3- Iron
4- Washing machine
5- Vacuum cleaner
List three things that use batteries?
1-toys
2-torches
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MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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3-cheving machines
- Mains electricity is dangerous because it can flow
through us easily, this could kill us.
Page 104
- We can use a switch to control the flow of electricity .
- It would be very dangerous to leave all the lights and
appliances switched on all the time, It would also be
very expensive .
- Switches allows us to use appliances when we want
them on .
- The lamps not light when the electricity will not flow
(when the switch is open)
- When the switch is open , the circuit is broken and
electricity cannot flow .
- When the switch is closed , the circuit is complete
and electricity can flow.
- Switches are usually made of metals because
electricity flows easily through metals .
Page 105
how you can make a switch ?
- You will need a small piece of cardboard
- Two brass paper fasteners and paperclip.
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MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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1- Construct a simple circuit with battery, wires and a
lamp.
2- Connect the wires to the brass fasteners.
This is an open switch; it makes a break in the
circuit so the electricity cannot flow.
We noticed that the lamp wasn't bright
3- Slide the end of paperclip to connect to the other
brass fastener.
This is a closed switch, the switch closes the break
and completes the circuit, and this allows the
electricity to flow.
- We can make a switch from any material that allows
electricity to flow.
- The metallic material worked the best for making
switches.
Page 107
Choosing the correct word :
1- When there is a break in the circuit the components
will not work .
2- When the switch is open the electricity cannot flow .
3- When The switch is closed the electricity can flow
this means the buzzer will work .
4- To make a lamp in the circuit brighter
( add more batteries )
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MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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Page 108
Electricity flow around the circuit
- In the cells of battery chemicals react together and
release particles which flow around the circuit to
make electricity .
- We are going to use different models to help us
understand how electricity flows.
Model explanation
- Someone drops the ball
Break model
- Current cannot be flow
- Every one passes the balls more
quickly around the circle
Higher voltage
- There is more energy flowing
around the circuit.
- One person throws the ball in the
Current flow
air before they pass it on
through a
- The flow slows down as it flows
lamp
through the component.
- Making a gap between two
Open switch people in the circuit .
in a circuit - The flow stops when it reaches
the break in the circuit .
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MAKING A CIRCUIT.
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Page 109
Central heating model
- We can model the flow of electricity by comparing it
to central heating model .
- The parts of the central heating system are labeled
on the picture .
LAMP WIRES
BATTERY ELECTRICITY
MATCH :
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