Example 6.6 Design a laced column with two channels back to back of length 10) m to carry an axial factored load of M00 KN, Tho column may be assumed to have restrained in position but not in direction at both ends (hinged ends. Solution: Assuming /,,)= 135 Nimm? Aa wequned = 407200? 937 Try 2 ISMC 350 @ 413 Nim. Area provided = 2x $366 = 10732 mm? 136.6 mm Distance will be maintained so as to get r,,>/= KL _1x10000_ ‘Actual 73.206 r 1366 Since itis laced column SE =1.173.206=8052 From Table 6.1(¢) fog =136- 22 (136-121) 10 35.22 Nimm? Load carrying capacity = 10732 x 135.22 = 1451.181 10° = 1451.18 kN > 1400 KN Spacing between the channels: Let it be a clear distance “d", Now: fay = 2% 10008 x 10° = 20016 x 10 mm* : ~fonosaotosue($eaua] Equation yy 0 fi We get OK.o[rosnetesu (214) |mvorsnu ie. ($ + as) =17848.3 d=2184 mm 20 mm as shown in Fig. 6.7. Provide d Lacings: Lot the lacings be provided at 45° to horizontal Horizontal spacing of lacing = 220+ 24.4 +244 = 268.8 mm Vertical spacing = 268.8 sin 45° x 2 = 380,14 Lacing system [YY la — 220 mm Vertical spaeing| Lacing system Kt Horizontal spacing (a) Cross-SectionLeast r of one channel = 7.28.3 KL 389.14 AX of channel between lacing = “T+ =13.43<50 OK. Tar hart esi ying ens = 25400-25008 Use 10. mm fats Minimum width of lacing, if 20 mm bolts are used = 3 x 20 = 60 ma. Use 60 ISF 10 Ox. Strength of 20mm shop bolt: 400. 3x15 (9 mange stars 07 E420" =30 base disse = 30 3x22 0454s 2SKpdt hy Swongth in bearing = 7°78 _ 2.504545 %20%10% 400 123 = MINBolt value = 45272. 17500 Number of bolt required = > = 0.387 umbs bolt requi al Provide one bolt Check for the strength of lacing: aad 131.6 = 743-19 (74.3-66.2) 10 73 Nimm? Load carrying capacity in compression = 73 x 60 x 10.= 43800 N 17500 _ 94740.N sindS Sate Load carrying capacity in tension = 73 (60 ~ 22) x 10 = 27740 N > 24749 N Hence O.K. Hence provide 60 1SF 10 flats at 45° and connect them to centre of gravity of channels with one bolt of 20: mm nominal diameter, Force in lacingExample 6,7 Design the bull up column of example 6.6 using battens instead of lacing system Solution: ‘The design of column is same asin the previous example ie, use 2ISMC 350 @ 413 Nim ing of 220mm. “430.52 with clear epa Distance beoween centres of channels S= 220 + 24.4 + 24.4= 2688 mm Design of battens Let C be the spacing of battens, longitudinally Radius of gyration of one channct = 283 mm c ses ie Cem asa" * It should also satisfy the condition, 5S < 0.78082 ie. C< 1595 283 Let us select = 1200 mm = 25 creanxt0! 38000 N i00 ¥, x 7p LE 380001200 _ og 96 NS 2x2688© _35000%1200 10500000 Nem 176 Design of Stee! Structures Size of battens Effective depth of end batten # 268.8 mm and also <2 % 100 mm. Provide 270 mm depth for end battens, overall depth = 270 + 2538 = 340 mm, For intermediate batten Provide depth: Giving edge distance of 35 mm, ii 26S mal 2 Lo mm Overall depth =210 + 2.35 = 280 mm L Thickness ofaitens <¢ + 2688 3045.36 Use 6 mm thick plates, ‘Check for sivesses in batten plats: 78125. _ 46s Ninm? < Ae, shear tess ox. 280x6 5 ending stress = SH, €%10500000 J we ox2so? = 133.9<227.27 Nimm? OK. ‘Obsiously end plate satisfy these requirements since it is deeper Connections: vis to be designed to transmit both shear and bending moment Using 26 mm ols. i 00 x15 42720 th in single shear = 0.78 x 20° x thin singh a ‘Strength in bearing is much higher Bolt value = 45272 N, [Number of bolts required Lotus provide 3 bolts to take into ascount stresses due to bending also. Check Force in cach bolt dus to shear = Lette pitch be Forse duc to moment = Resultant forse “Tey S bole as shown in Fig, 6.8 28123 ic, Fore in each bolt de to shear = 5625 N Mr _ 10500000100 _s>499 37” (s0° +100") Result force = ViS625" + #2000 = 44812 <45272.N Provide the bots as shown in Fig. 68 Force dc to moment in exteme bolt =Example 68 ‘column section ISHB 300 4 $77 Nim is carving factored aval load of 600 KN, a factored mo= ‘nent of 30 N-an and a Factored shear force of 60 KN, Design a suitable column splice, Assume ends are willed Solution: ‘Since the ends are milled, S0% of asia load is transferred through bearing and splice plates wansfer the remaining 50% oF the Toad Load i be transfered by spice plate= 300 kN ‘i.e toe to be transfered by each splice plate = 150 KN Assuming the thickness of splice plate 6 mm, forthe calculation of lever arm, 4 =300 + 6= 306 min, x10" 30x10" Fore i ach plate dus vo moment = 22°27. 98,08 5049804 “Total lod in each splice plat 248.044 For cle steel section, f= 250 Ninn? 248.0810" 250/11 Width of splice plate = width of Mange = 250 mm. Area required 091,376 mm 191.378 ‘Thickness required 4.365 250 Provide 6 mm plates Using 20mm bolts of grade 4.6, F262 f00 Swng in single shout = 0,787 420" x “4972 mauinsing gO B35 Swength in bearing is much higher, ifmore than minimum specified ede distance is provide. Bol value = 45272. 24so4x0? jumber of bolts required = 288:28%10" = 547 ‘Number of bots required = “FEEL = 54 Provide 3 bolts on cach side of web, “To resis the shear splice plats re provided on each side of web, Maximum shear force = 0 KN. Soe Yield strength of the web [clause $4.1 in 1S 800) = 2% wt I |= soxio 2 a of plats required = 416 mm Area of plats required = PIC 5 0x10? Number of bots required 5272 Provide 2 bolts, Using 6 mm web splige the arrangement mas’ be made as shown in Fi. 6.1120 Figure 6.1 Example 69 An upporsorey column ISH 300 @, $77 Nim cates factored load of 1200 KN and a Factored moment (Of I2kNam, Lis o be spliced with lower storey colana ISHB 400 @) 806 Nin, Design suitable spice, Solution: Assuming that column load is transferred by flanges onl Load on each lange = ee = 600K. Distance botwcen the anges of ISHB 300 @) $77 Nan = 300 ~ 10, Distance between the anges in ISHB 400 (@ 806 Nin 3873-2894 = 48.95 mm [Ref Fg. 6.12], Distince @ 2804.00 oecoon 600 kN 289.4 mm |-$——387.3 mm Figure 6. + Moment in bearing plate = 600 x 48,95 kN-mm Width of bearing plate = Width of flange Design bending stress 227.27 Nim? Equating moment of resistance to bending moment, we get, la sor lt Sou 250? x227.27 = 600% 48.95%10" (25843 Adopt $6 mm thickness Splice Plat: Column ends are milled for complete bearing, Hence splice plates ate designed for 5 Load on splice plates Lond on cach spice plate = 300 kN. Assuming 6 mm thick plates, distance between spice plates = 400 + 6 = 406 mm, x10 Low due to bending Hence, Total load = 300 + 29.6 = 329.6 KN Width of splice plate ith of column =250 mm, 329.6 1000 Thickness of splice plate = 329-6%1000 a 250% 227.27 Provide 6 mm platss. ols: Using 20 mm bolts 00 Fy ag? 400! Surngth in single shear = 0.78% 2202 S00. 1 a gs272N awe O78 Ga a5 1Bearing sineagih is hizher as long es minimum end distance is maintained. Bolt value = 45272 N. 3294x1000 45272 Provide 8 bolis in tw rows on cach plate as shown in Fig. 6.13. No. of bolts required knee ofr a= {29-20 59m According 1 clause 10.3.3, Byc= 1 00128 ty = 0.0125 x 50 ‘Shear capacity of bolt = (0375) 45272 16977 amber of bolts requited to connect splice plate with ISHB 300 @ $77 Nim Proside 8 additional bolts ‘on each sce in the filer potion. ‘The details of commccton are shown in Fig. 6.13, « Figure 613,Example 6.10 Design a slab base fora column ISHB 300 @ $77 Nim caty ‘eonetete is used Tor the foundation. Provide welded connect tan axial factored load of 1000 KN. M20 column and base ple Solution Boating strength of concrete = 0:43 fy. 0.45 x20 Factored load 7, = 1000 KN. Area of baseplate require = HILL mm? Provide 360 %310 size plate Arca provided = 3600310 = 111600 mn? 1000%10° Pressure 8.96 Nita? 111600 Projections are 2.8%8.96(30? -0.3x30" 230=7.88 mm, “Thickness of flange of ISHB 300 @) $77 N/m is 10.6 mm, Provide 12mm thick plate 188 Design of Stee! Siructres ‘Connecting 360 310 < 12 mm plate to conerste foundation: Use bolts 20 mn diameter 300 mn Fong toanchor the pate. ‘elds: Propenly machined column is wo be connected to base plate sing fillet weld “Tota length available for welding (Ro. Fig. 6.16) = 2(250 + 250 ~7.6 +300 ~ 10.6) = 1563.6 mm M0, 1 2189.37 Nim? Surengih of weld = POF Lots be ihe sie of weld. Then effective men of weld = 0.711, where fis offetive length‘The design condition is 0.7 1, x 189.37 = 1000 x 10° IL, = T5438 Using 6 mm weld, 1,= 1257 mm. Available effective length ~ 1863.6 ~ 25<6% No. of returns =1563.6- 26% 12 =1419.6> 1257 mm. Hence 6 mm weld is adequate 16 Figure 6.16 Example 6.11 Design a gusseted base for a column [SHB 350 @ 710 Nim with two plates 450mm x 20mm carrying, a factored load of 3600 KN, The column is to be supporied on concrete pedastal to be built with M20 concrete Solon: feg= 20 Nim? P,___ 3600x10° = = = 400000 mm? CASfeg 0.4520 Selecting ISA 150115, 15 mm angle and 16 mm thick gusset plate (Fig. 6.17),16. ISA 150 115 15 450.20 isu 350 la S77 Ni «o 0 700 . , All Linear Dimensions in mm — 4-350 206 16415 Figure 6.17 ‘Minimum width require. 50+ 2% 204216 +2 LIS 52mm Use 700 mm wide plate, Length of base plate eine 700 =571mm Provide 700 600 mm plate. renin aan = 20001 700600 ST Nim? _ 100~(350+20%2 + 162 + 2x15) a 2 = 124mm BM at section X-X per mm width 2 a8srx™t 65686 ¥-mmAt section ¥ Y. bending moment dye4sra Reser Sa 0> EIS) s6s82 Son ii Bending strongth 280 997.27 Nim’ Tue Equating moment of resistance to bending moment we get, Lane xanay-t05? Use 56 mm base plate of size 700 x 600 mm, Assuming ends of columns are faced for complete bearing, the connection between gusset plate and ‘column will be designed for 50 percent of asial load. Using 24 mm shop bolts, ‘Strength of bolt in single shear ‘Strength in bearing is higher, Bolt value = 65192.N, 900%10% 65192 No.of bolts required = Provide 16 bolts as shown in Fig. 6.18, for connecting coluran to gusset plate. Use another 8 bolts to connect cleat angle 10 gusset plate.o ola o I, gl Figure 618