CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SERIES: HEAT TRANSFER
SOLVED PROBLEMS
A horizontal rod 5 mm in diameter is immersed in water maintaind at 18 C. If the rod surface
temperature is 56 C, estimate the free convection heat trasfer rate per unit length of the rod.
Source: Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer 6 th edition, by Incropera, et al
SOLUTION:
NATURAL CONVECTION
For flow on isothermal horizontal cylinders, using equation 5-36 CHE HB 8th edition
2
{ }
0.387 RaD 1/ 6
L = 0.60+
Nu
9 /16 8 / 27
[ ( ) ]
1+
0.559
Pr
Water properties at film temperature
18+56
T f= =37 C=310 K
2
kg W kJ
=993.342 ; =693.54 Pa s ; k =0. 62605 ;C p=0.075294
m 3
mK mol K
kg
C
Pr= p =
( 0.075294
kJ
x
kmol 1,000mol
mol K 18 kg
x
1 kmol )
693.54 Pa s x ( 1 Pa
1 x 106 Pa
x
1
m s
Pa )
k kJ
( 0. 62605
W
x
1
s
m K 1,000W )
Pr=4.6339
D o3 f 2 g T o
Gr=
f 2
ENGR. RONNIE V. FLORES Page 1
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SERIES: HEAT TRANSFER
SOLVED PROBLEMS
( 997.695984.3786 ) 3.536 x 104
= =
( 991.0368 ) ( 5618 ) K
Gr=
3
(
( 0.005 m ) 993.342
kg
m3 )( 3.536 x 104
K
m
)(
9.80665 2 ( 5618 ) K
s ) =33,789.44903
2
kg
( 693.54 Pa s x
1 Pa
6
1 x 10 Pa
x
1
m s
Pa s )
Ra=GrPr
Ra=( 33,789.44903 ) ( 4.6339 )=156,576.9279
1 /6 2
{ }
L = 0.60+ 0.387 (156,576.9279 )
Nu =10.4077
9/ 16 8/ 27
[ (
1+
0.559
4.6339 ) ]
L = hD
Nu
k
kJ
h=
(
( 10.4077 ) 0.62605
W
x
s
m K 1,000 W
=1.30315 2
kJ
1
)
0.005 m m Ks
q=hDL T
q kJ 1000W
L
(
= 1.30315 2
m K s
x
1
kJ
s
( 0.005 m )( 5618 ) K
)
q W
=777.85
L m
ENGR. RONNIE V. FLORES Page 2