M21-M31-E.qxd 08.10.

6 5:55 PM Page M21

Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Step

1 Obtain the bore of the cylinder tube. Refer to

Graph (1) and (2).
q Determine the load factor in accordance with the purpose.
Purpose of operation Load factor h
Series CS2 Static operation 0.7 or less
(Clamping, Low-speed vise crimping, etc.) (70% or less)
Series CS1 1 or less
Horizontal movement of load on guide (100% or less)
Dynamic
operation Vertical and horizontal movement 0.5 or less
Note)

of the load (50% or less)

Note) If it is particularly necessary to operate at high speeds,
Series CQ2
the load rate must be reduced further. (In the graph, it
Series CA2
is possible to select a load rate of 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, or less.)
w Determine the operating pressure.
Generally, set the regulator to 85% of the source air pressure. (In the
Series CG1
graph, a selection between 0.2 MPa and 0.8 MPa is possible.)
e Determine the direction in which the cylinder force will be used.
Extending side Refer to Graph (1).
Retracting side Refer to Graph (2).
Note) If the same load is applied both for pushing and pulling in a
horizontal operation, set the direction to the retracting side.
Step

Series MB Series CM2 2

Take the impact at the stroke end into consideration.
Series CJ2
q When an external stopper (shock absorber, etc.) is provided to
absorb the impact, select a stopper with sufficient absorption
capacity.
w Stopping the piston with the cylinder without a stopper:
Verify in Graphs (3) to (10) the absorption capacity of the cushion
that is enclosed in the cylinder.
1) Rubber bumper Urethane rubber is used for preventing metal-
to-metal contact between the pison and the
cover.
2) Air cushion The air in the exhaust side is compressed
slightly before the stroke end, and its
reaction force absorbs the kinetic energy of
the load, thus enabling the piston to stop
quietly.

Step

3 The aspects indicated below may need to be taken into

consideration, depending on how the cylinder is operated.
q If a lateral load is applied to the piston rod:
Verify in Graphs (11) to (19) whether the lateral load is within an
allowable range.
w When using a cylinder with a relatively long stroke, if a buckling
force acts on the piston rod or the cylinder tube, verify in the
table whether the stroke or the operating pressure is within a
Technical data for air cylinders safe range.

Step
For detailed technical data other than the air cylinder model
selection, refer to pages 1567 to 1575.
4 Obtain the cylinders air consumption and its
Data 1: Bore Size Selection (page 1568) required air volume.
Data 2: Air Consumption and Required Air Volume (page 1572) Obtain the air consumption selecting a compressor and for calculating
Data 3: Theoretical Output Table (page 1573) the running cost and the required (Graphs (21), (22)) that is necessary
Data 4: Condensation (page 1575) for selecting a compressor and for calculating the running cost and the
required air volume (Graph (23)) that is necessary for selecting
equipment such as an air filter or a regulator, or the size of the piping
upstream.

Front matter 21
 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Step Step

1
Obtain the bore of the cylinder tube. Refer to Graph (1) and (2). 2
Take the impact at the stroke end into consideration.
Graph (1) Graph (2)
Extending Side Cylinder Force (Double acting cylinder) Retracting Side Cylinder Force (Double acting cylinder) How to Read the Graph
60000 6000 60000 6000 Example 1: According to Graph (3), to move a load mass of 50 kg using a cylinder with an air cushion, CM240, it is necessary
50000
30 5000 50000 5000
0 Bore size (mm) 30 Bore size (mm) to set the maximum speed at 300 mm/s or less, considering the capacity of the air cushion.
40000 4000 40000 0 4000
25 25
30000 0 3000 30000 0 3000
25000 20 2500 25000 2500
20000 180 2000 20000 20
180
2000 Cylinders with Air Cushion
15000 160 1500 15000 160 1500
0 0
14 14
10000 1000 10000 1000
120 12 0
5 5
10 10
5000 0 30 500 5000 0 500
4000 0 400 4000 30
0 400 CJ2 CA2
80 25 80
3000 0 300 3000 25 300
2500 250 2500 0 250
2000 63 20 200 2000 63 20 200 CG1
1500 180 150 1500 180 150
50 160 160
0 50 0 CM2
1000 14 100 1000 14 100
40 120 12 0
Cylinder force F (N)

Cylinder force F (N)

40 CS1
Load mass m (kg)

Load mass m (kg)

5 5
500 32 10 50 500 10 50
400 0 40 400 32 0 40
25
300
250
80 30
25
300
250 25 80 30
25 Graph (3) Series CJ2/CM2 Graph (4) Series CG1 Graph (5) Series CA2/CS1
200 20 63 20 200 20 1000 CG1100 10000
20 63 CS1300
150 15 150 15
16 200
50 16
100 10 100 50 10 CG180 CS1250
CM240 500 5000
40
40
50 10 5 50 5 100 CG163 CS1200
32 10 CM232
40 4 40 4 300 3000
32 CS1180
30 25 3 30 3
25 2.5 25 2.5 CG150 CS1160
25 CM225 200 2000
20 20 2 20 2 50
6 CS1140
15 1.5 15 20 1.5
6 CG140
16 CM220 CS1125
10 1 10 16 1 30
100 1000
CG132 CA2100
20
5 10 0.5 5 0.5
4 0.4 4 10 0.4 CJ216
3 0.3 3 0.3
CG125 CA280
50 500
2.5 0.25 2.5 0.25
2 0.2 2 0.2 10
CG120
Operating pressure (MPa)

Operating pressure (MPa)

Load mass (kg)

Load mass (kg)

Load mass (kg)

1.5 6 0.15 1.5 0.15 CA263
30 300
6
1 0.1 1 0.1 CJ210
0.8 0.8 0.08 5 CA250
0.7 20 200
0.6 0.8
0.7
0.5 0.6
0.4 0.5
CA240
3
0.3 0.4
0.3 10 100
2
0.2
1 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.2
7 5 4 3 2
1 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
7 5 4 3 2
5 50
Load factor ( )h Load factor ( ) h 1

3 30
(Example) P = 0.5 MPa (Example) P = 0 .4 MPa
0.4

W 2 20

30 kg 0.3
P = 0.5 MPa
0.2
1 10
Fig. (1) Fig. (2)
100 kg Fig. (3)
W
0.5 5
Example 1: If the minimum force of 1000 N is necessary to keep the Example 2: To move a load with a 30 kg mass horizontally on a guide as
workpiece pressed as shown in Fig. (1), because this is the shown in Fig. (2), because the load is the same for both the 100 200 300 500 1000 100 200 300 500 1000 100 200 300 500 1000
extending side, use Graph (1) to determine the load factor of extending and retracting sides, use Graph (2), which is the
Max. speed (mm/s)
0.7 and the operating pressure of 0.5 MPa. retracting side with a smaller force. Determine the load factor Max. speed (mm/s) Max. speed (mm/s)
Then, seek the point at which the cylinder force of 1000 N of 1, and the operating pressure of 0.4 MPa. Then, seek the
intersects, and this will result in a bore size of 63 mm. point at which it intersects with the load mass of 30 kg, and
this will result in a bore size of 40 mm.
Conversion to gravitational units
Example 3: To pull a load with a 100 kg mass vertically upward as shown
@
1 MPa 10.2 kgf/cm2 @
1 N 0.102 kgf in Fig. (3), use Graph (2) to determine the load factor of 0.5
@
1 kgf/cm2 0.098 MPa 1 kgf 9.8 N @ and the operating pressure of 0.5 MPa.
Then, seek the point at which it intersects with the load mass
Front matter 22 of 100 kg, and this will result in a bore size of 80 mm. Front matter 23
 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Step

2
Take the impact at the stroke end into consideration.

How to Read the Graph

Example 2: According to Graph (8), to move a load mass of 50 kg at a maximum speed of 500 mm/s, in the Series CG1, a bore
size of 80 can be selected.

Cylinders with Air Cushion Cylinders with Rubber Bumper Cylinders with Rubber Bumper Cylinders without Rubber Bumper

CJ2

MB CG1
CQ2 CQS CQ2 CQS
CM2

Graph (6) Series MB Graph (7) Series CJ2/CM2 Graph (8) Series CG1 Graph (9) Series CQ2/CQS Graph (10) Series CQ2/CQS
1000 CG1100
200
1000
MB100 1000 1000
CG180 CQ2100 CQ2100
CM240 500
100 CQ280 CQ280
MB80 CM232 CG163 500 500
500 300
CQ263 CQ263
50 CM225 CG150 300 300
MB63 200
300 CQ250 CQ250
200 200
CM220
30 CG140
MB50 CQ240 CQ240
200
20 100 100 100
CG132 CQ232 CQ232
MB40 CJ216
CQ225/CQS25 CQ225/CQS25
100 10 CG125 50 50
MB32 50
CQ220/CQS20 CQ220/CQS20
30 30

Load mass (kg)

Load mass (kg)

Load mass (kg)

Load mass (kg)

Load mass (kg)

CJ210 CG120
5 30 CQ216/CQS16 CQ216/CQS16
50 20 20

3 20 CQ212/CQS12 CQ212/CQS12
30 10 10
2 CJ26

20 10
5 5
1
3 3
5
10 2 2
0.4

0.3 3
1 1
5
0.2 2
4
0.5 0.5
3
0.1 1 0.3 0.3
2
0.2 0.2
0.05
0.5
0.1 0.1
100 200 300 500 1000 2000 100 200 300 500 750 1000 100 200 300 500 1000 50 100 200 300 500 1000 50 100 200 300 500 1000

Max. speed (mm/s) Max. speed (mm/s) Max. speed (mm/s) Max. speed (mm/s) Max. speed (mm/s)

Front matter 24 Front matter 25

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Step

3
The aspects indicated below may need to be taken into consideration, depending on how the cylinder is operated.
Bushing (Bearing)
q The maximum stroke at which the cylinder can be operated under a lateral load. fR

The region that does not exceed the bold solid line represents the allowable lateral load in relation
to the cylinder of a given stroke length. In the graph, the range of the broken line shows that the
long stroke limit has been exceeded. In this region, as a rule, operate the cylinder by providing a
guide along the direction of movement.

Graph (11) Graph (12) Graph (15) Graph (16) Graph (17)
Series CJ2: 6, 10, 16 Series CM2: 20, 25, 32, 40 Series CS1: 125, 140, 160, 180, 200, 250, 300 Series CQS: 12, 16, 20, 25 Series CDQS: 12, 16, 20, 25
10.00 3000 20 20
50
40 2000
30 10 10
CD
QS
20 1000 2
5
Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

CD
5 CQ 5 QS
2

Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

4
S 4 CD 0
500 25 QS
1.00 10
400 3 3 1
CQ CQ 6
C J2 300 S
1 6 CS1 S 20 CD
CM2 300 2 16 2 QS
5 40 1
200 CS1
C J2 4 250 2
1 CQ
0 3 S
1 12 1
CM2 100
32
CJ 2
0.10 2
6 CM2 CS1 CS180
25 CS 16 0.5 0.5
50 1 0
140
1 CM2 40
20 CS1
12
30 5

0.5 20
0.4
0.01 0.3 0.1 0.1
0 15 30 45 60 75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 10
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2400 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50
Cylinder stroke (mm) Cylinder stroke (mm) Cylinder stroke (mm) Cylinder stroke (mm)
Cylinder stroke (mm)
(Single rod/without switch) (Single rod/without switch)

Graph (14)
Graph (13) Series MB: 32, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100 Graph (18) Graph (19)
Series CG1: 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100 Series CA2: 40, 50, 63, 80, 100 Series CQ2: 12, 16, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100 Series CDQ2: 12, 16, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100
300 300 300 300
200 200 200
200

100 100 100

100 C Q 2 10 0 C D Q21 0
0
50 50
Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

50
40 40 C Q 2 80 40 C D Q28 0

Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

Lateral load applied to the rod end fR (N)

30 30 30
50 MB
20 1 C Q 2 63 20
C D Q26 3
C G11 40 00 20
00 CA
C G18 30 21 C Q 2 50 C D Q25 0
10 0 MB 00 10 10
8 C Q 2 40 C D Q24 0
0 C DQ
C G 1 63 20 CA 2 25
28 C Q 2 32 C D Q23 2
5 MB 0 5.0 C Q2 5.0 C DQ
4 CG1 6 4.0 25 4.0 CD 2 20
50 3 Q2
3 CA 3.0 3.0 16
C Q2
C G14 10 26
3
CQ
21 20
2 0 MB 2.0 CD
5 2.0 6 Q2
0 CQ 12
CG13 CA 2
2 MB 25 12 1.0
1 5 4 0 1.0
C G 1 4 0
25 CA
CG12 24 0.5
0.5 0 3 0 0.5
0.4 MB
3 0.4 0.4
0.3 2 0.3 0.3
2
0.2 0.2 0.2

0.1 1 0.1 0.1

0 500 1000 1500 0 500 1000 1500 0 50 100 0 50 100
Cylinder stroke (mm) Cylinder stroke (mm)
Cylinder stroke (mm) Cylinder stroke (mm)
(Single rod/without switch) (Single rod/without switch)

Front matter 26 Front matter 27

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Step

3
The aspects indicated below may need to be taken into consideration, depending on how the cylinder is operated.

w The relation between the cylinder size and the maximum stroke depending on
the mounting style.
Assuming that the force that is generated by the cylinder itself acts as a buckling force on the piston rod or
on the piston rod and the cylinder tube, the table below indicates in centimeters the maximum stroke that can
be used, which was obtained through calculation. Therefore, it is possible to find the maximum stroke that
can be used with each cylinder size according to the relationship between the level of the operating pressure
and the type of cylinder mounting, regardless of the load factor.
Reference: Even under a light load, if the piston rod has been stopped by an external stopper at the
extending side of the cylinder, the maximum force generated by the cylinder will act upon the P
cylinder itself.
(cm) (cm) (cm)
Maximum stroke that can be used
Mounting style Mounting style Maximum stroke that can be used according to buckling strength Mounting style Maximum stroke that can be used according to buckling strength
Operating

Operating

Operating
pressure

pressure

pressure
according to buckling strength

CJ2 CM2 CG1 MB MB, CA2 CS1 CS2

Nominal

Nominal

Nominal
symbol

symbol

symbol
Mounting bracket Mounting bracket Mounting bracket
diagram diagram diagram
(MPa) 6 10 16 (MPa) 20 25 32 40 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 (MPa) 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 140 160 180 200 250 300 125 140 160
Rod side Rod side Head side Rod side Head side
Foot: L Foot: L 0.3 39 49 56 61 38 49 55 80 100 78 96 112 Foot: L 0.3 71 81 102 79 98 114 131 117 126 141 158 182 206 103 92 113
flange: F 0.2 20 29 29 flange: F flange: G flange: F flange: G
L L
W W W W W 0.5 29 37 42 46 29 36 42 60 76 59 73 85 W W W 0.5 56 63 78 61 75 88 101 89 96 108 121 140 158 79 70 86
F F
0.3 20 23 23 0.7 24 31 35 38 24 30 34 50 63 49 60 71 0.7 46 52 65 50 62 73 84 74 80 89 101 115 131 66 58 72
B
L 0.3 16 20 24 25 15 21 24 36 45 34 42 50 0.3 31 35 46 34 42 50 57 49 53 60 68 79 90 45 38 47
F 0.5 16 17 17
G 0.5 11 14 17 17 11 14 17 26 33 25 31 37 G 0.5 23 26 34 25 31 37 42 35 38 44 50 58 66 33 27 34

0.7 8 11 13 13 8 11 13 21 27 20 24 29 0.7 19 21 27 19 24 29 34 28 30 34 40 45 53 26 22 27
0.7 13 14 14
Clevis: Rod side Clevis: Rod side
C, D trunnion: U 0.3 36 46 53 56 37 47 53 78 98 76 94 109 C, D trunnion: U 0.3 67 76 96 73 91 105 122 106 118 130 146 167 190 96 83 106
Clevis:
C, D W W
C W W
C
0.2 40 40 0.5 26 34 39 42 27 35 40 59 74 57 70 82 0.5 50 57 72 54 68 78 91 78 85 96 109 124 141 71 61 76
D D
0.7 21 28 32 34 22 28 32 48 61 46 58 68 0.7 41 46 60 44 55 64 75 64 69 78 89 101 115 59 50 62
0.3 40 40
W 0.3 82 103 116 126 81 102 115 150 150 150 0.3
D
U 0.5 62 79 89 97 61 78 88 126 159 124 U 0.5
0.5 32 31 Head side Center Head side Center
trunnion: T trunnion: T trunnion: T trunnion: T
0.7 52 66 75 81 51 65 73 106 133 104 0.7
W Series CA1, CS1 only W Series CA1, CS1, CS2 only
W W
0.7 26 25 0.3 37 47 54 58 38 48 55 79 100 78 0.3 93 105 134 103 128 149 171 151 163 183 206 235 267 135 119 147

T 0.5 27 35 40 43 28 36 41 60 76 59 T 0.5 71 80 102 78 97 113 129 113 123 139 156 178 203 101 89 111
Rod side
Foot: L flange: F 0.2 20 40 40
0.7 22 29 33 35 23 30 34 50 63 48 0.7 58 66 85 65 81 93 107 94 101 115 129 147 168 84 74 91
W W
Rod side Head side Rod side Head side
Foot: L 0.3 100 147 166 181 117 147 150 150 150 150 150 150 Foot: L 0.3 206 234 295 231 287 330 382 339 366 412 459 527 598 301 267 330
flange: F flange: G flange: F flange: G
0.3 20 40 40
B L L
W W 0.5 90 113 128 139 89 112 127 150 150 150 150 150 W W 0.5 158 179 226 177 219 253 293 263 281 315 252 403 458 231 207 253
L W F W F
F 0.5 20 40 40 0.7 76 95 107 117 75 94 107 150 150 150 150 150 0.7 132 150 190 148 184 212 245 218 235 265 296 339 385 193 172 212

0.3 55 69 79 85 55 70 79 114 143 112 138 150 0.3 99 112 142 116 136 158 183 160 173 196 218 251 286 144 126 156

0.7 20 40 40 G 0.5 41 52 60 64 41 52 60 87 109 85 105 122 G 0.5 75 85 108 83 102 119 138 120 131 147 165 189 216 109 94 118

Rod side 0.7 34 43 49 53 34 43 50 72 91 71 87 102 0.7 62 70 90 68 85 99 114 99 108 122 137 157 179 90 78 97
Foot: L flange: F 0.2 20 40 40
Rod side Head side Rod side Head side
Foot: L 0.3 100 150 200 200 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 Foot: L 0.3 280 318 423 313 412 476 549 489 528 594 661 762 863 433 386 476
W W
flange: F flange: G flange: F flange: G
L L
W 0.5 100 150 183 199 128 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 W 0.5 234 266 339 257 317 367 423 377 407 457 509 587 665 334 297 367
0.3 20 40 40 W W F W W F
B
L 0.7 100 136 154 167 108 135 150 150 150 150 150 150 0.7 194 220 275 216 267 309 356 317 343 385 429 494 561 281 250 309
F 0.5 20 40 40 0.3 80 101 114 123 80 101 114 150 150 150 150 150 0.3 136 154 206 151 199 231 266 235 254 287 320 369 419 210 185 229

G 0.5 61 77 87 94 61 77 87 126 150 124 150 150 G 0.5 110 125 158 123 152 176 203 179 194 218 244 281 320 160 141 175
0.7 20 40 40
0.7 50 64 72 78 50 64 73 105 132 103 127 148 0.7 93 105 132 102 127 147 170 149 144 182 204 235 268 134 117 129

Front matter 28 Front matter 29

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Air Cylinders Model Selection
Step

4
Obtain the cylinders air consumption and its required air volume.

Cylinders air consumption and its required air volume.

In equipment that used a cylinder, air consumption is the volume of air that is consumed in the cylinder, or in the piping between
the cylinder and the switching valve, every time the switching valve operates.
This is necessary for selecting a compressor and for calculating the running cost. The required air volume is the volume of air that
is necessry for operating a specified load at a specified speed, and it is necessary for selecting the F.R.L equipment or the size of
the upstream piping.
Graph (20) Graph (21) Graph (22)
How to Obtain the Air Consumption/How to Read Graphs (20), (21) Cylinders Air Consumption (For one cycle) Air Consumption of Tube or Steel Pipe (For one cycle) Required Air Volume of Cylinder and Piping
3000 3000 100 100 30000 30000
2000 2000 20000 20000
Step 1 By using Graph (20), obtain the air consumption of the air
1500 1500
cylinder. 30 50 50
15000 15000
1000
0 1000
q Seek the point at which the operating pressure (diagonal 25 40 40
0 10000 10000
line) intersects with the cylinder stroke, and from that point,
20 30 30
perpendicularly extend a vertical line upward. 500 180 500
w From the point at which it intersects with the bore size 400 160 400
20 20 5000 30 5000
(diagonal line) of the cylinder to be used, look sideways 300 140 300
4000 0 Bore size
4000
(eithr to the right or left) to obtain the air consumption that is 200
120 200 25 (mm)
5 Bore size (mm) 3000 0 3000
required by one cycle of the air cylinder. 150 10 150 10 10
0 Bore size (mm) 2000 20 2000
Step 2 By using Graph (21), obtain the air consumption of the tube 100 100 180
80 1500
160
1500

Required air volume (l /min (ANR))

Required air volume (l /min (ANR))

or steel pipe in the same way as in Step 1. 0
63 5 5 14
Air consumption (l (ANR))

Air consumption (l (ANR))

50 50 1000 1000
Step 3 Obtain the total air consumption per minute as described 120

Air consumption (l (ANR))

Air consumption (l (ANR))

40 40 4 4
below. 30 50 30
5
30
0 3 3 10
(Air consumption of air cylinder + Air consumption of tube or 20 40 25 20 500 0 500
steel pipe) x Number of cycles per minute x Number of 15
0 15 2 2 400 400
cylinders being used = Total air consumption [Unit: l/min (ANR)] 32 20 80
300 300
180

1"
10 10
Note) In selecting a compressor, the temperature drop, 25 160 200 200
140 63
1 1

3/
leakage, and consumption by the intermediary equipment 120

4"
5 20 5 150 150
must be taken into consideration. Thus, select one with a 4 5 4 50
generous capacity, with a discharge that exceeds the 16 10
3 3 100 100
0

1/
total air consumption indicated above. (Reference: At a 0.5 0.5 40

2"
2 2
minimum, select one with 1.4 times the volume; select 80 0.4 13 0.4
1.5 1.5 3/8
one with a higher volume as needed.) 10 50 32 50
63

12
1 1 0.3 0.3 40 40
1/4"
Example: When 10 air cylinders with a 50 mm bore size and a 30 25 30
600 mm stroke are used at a pressure of 0.5 MPa, 0.6
50 0.2 9 0.2
what is the air consumption of their 5 cycles per 40 0.5 20 20
6 0.4 20

8 7.
minute? (A 2 m tube with a 6 mm bore is used for 5000 0.3 15 15
32 10 0.1
piping between the cylinders and the switching valve.) 16

5
4000
0.2
1. Operating pressure 0.5 MPa Cylinder stroke 3000 25 10 10
0.15 8
600 mm Bore size 50 mm Air consumption

6
2000
13 l (ANR) 20 0.1 5 0.05
1500

5
2000 10 5
2. Operating pressure 0.5 MPa Piping length 2 m 16 4 0.04
Bore 6 mm Air consumption 0.56 l (ANR) 1000 1500 4
0.05 3 0.03

4
3. Total air consumption = (13 + 0.56) x 10 x 5 = 678 3

Max. piston speed (mm/s)

0.04

Piping length (m)

1000
l/min (ANR) 500 10 0.03 2 0.02 2
Cylinder stroke (mm)

400 6
300 0.02 1.5
How to Obtain the Required Air Volume/How to Read Graph (22)

2.
0.015 500

5
200 6 1
1 0.01 400
150 0.01
300
Step 3 By using Graph (22), obtain the air cylinders required air
100
volume. 200 0.5
0.5 0.005
q Seek the point at which the operating pressure (diagonal 0.4
line) intersects with the cylinder stroke, and from that point, 50
perpendicularly extend a vertical line upward. 0. 0.4 0.
2 0.3 100
0. 0. 6 0. 0.3
Operating pressure (MPa) 8 7 5
w From the point at which it intersects with the bore size

0.

0. 0.7

0. 0.5

0.

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
(diagonal line) of the cylinder to be used, look sideways Operating pressure (MPa) Operating pressure (MPa)

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
0.
3
(eithr to the right or left) to obtain the air consumption that is
required by one cycle of the air cylinder. The piping length is the length of the steel pipe or tube that connects the cylinder with the switching valve (solenoid valve, etc.)
Example: What is the required air volume for operating a For the dimensions (bore size and O.D.) of the steel tubing, refer to page 1572.
cylinder with a bore size of 50 mm, at pressure of 0.5
MPa, and at a speed of 500 mm/s?
How to read: Operating pressure 0.5 MPa Maximum piston
speed 500 mm/s Bore size 50 mm Then, a
required air volume 350 l/min (ANR) can be
obtained.

Front matter 30 Front matter 31

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Drive System Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Air Cylinders Drive System
Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
How to Read the Graph Glossary of Terms: Cylinders Motion Characteristics
This graph shows the full stroke time and stroke end velocity when a cylinder drive system (1) Piston start-up time
is composed of the most suitable equipment. It is the time between the solenoid valve is energized (de-energized) and the piston (rod) of a cylinder starts traveling. The
accurate judgement is done by the start-up of acceleration curve.
As the graph shown below, various load ratio and full stroke time which corresponds to
(2) Full stroke time
stroke and terminal velocity are indicated for every cylinder bore size. It is the time between the solenoid valve is energized (de-energized) and the piston (rod) of a cylinder is reached at the
stroke end.
(3) 90% force time
Conditions It is the time between the solenoid valve is energized (de-energized) and the cylinder output is reached at 90% of the
theoretical output.
Pressure 0.5 MPa (4) Mean velocity
Values which devided stroke by full stroke time. In the sequence or diaphragm, it is used as a substituting expression for
1m Series CJ2, Series CM2, Series CQ2 full stroke time.
Piping
2m Series MB (5) Max. velocity
length It is the maximum values of the piston velocity which occurs during the stroke. In the case of Graph (1), it will be the same
3m Series CS1, Series CS2 values as stroke end velocity. Like Graph (2), when lurching or stick-slipping occurs, it shows substantially larger values.
Cylinder orientation Vertically upward (6) Stroke end velocity
It is the piston velocity when the piston (rod) of a cylinder is reached at the stroke end. In the case of a cylinder with
Speed controller Meter-out, connected with cylinder directly, needle fully opened adjustable cushion, it says the piston velocity at the cushion entrance. It is used for judging the cushion capability and
selecting the buffer mechanism.
Load factor ((Load mass x 9.8)/Theoretical output) x 100%
(7) Impact velocity
It is the piston velocity when the piston (rod) of a cylinder is collided with the external stopper at the stroke end or arbitrary
position.
Example (Reference)
Balancing velocity: If a cylinder having enough longer stroke is driven by meter-out, the latter half of a stroke will be in an
When the cylinder bore size is , its stroke is L , and load ratio is d %, full stroke time t is obtainted, as an arrow uniform motion. Regardless of the supply pressure or a load, the piston speed for this time will be dependent only on the
mark q, by reading the value on the abscissa over the point at which the ordinate L hits the full stroke line (red effective area S [mm2] of the exhaust circuit and the piston area A [mm2] . Balancing velocity = 1.9 x 105 x (S/A ) [mm/s] is
line) of d %. Terminal velocity u is obtained, as an arrow mark w, by reading the value on the abscissa below estimated with this formula.
the point at which the ordinate L hits the terminal velocity line (blue line) of d %.
Note) These definitions are harmonized with SMC Model Selection Program.

Full stroke time (t ) Graph (1) Graph (2)

Full stroke time Full stroke time
q d% d%
Piston start-up time
Stroke (L)

Piston
start-up time Acceleration Max. speed

w Speed

Stroke end
velocity
Speed 0
Stroke end velocity (u )

Stroke end
Acceleration

velocity
Full stroke time
0 0
Stroke

90% force time

Speed 90% force time
Exhaust chamber
velocity

Supply chamber
Stroke

pressure
end

pressure
(mm)
Supply chamber
Stroke pressure
Exhaust chamber
pressure
Time (sec)
Stroke Stroke
ON
SOL. OFF
0 0
Time Time

Front matter 32 Front matter 33

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Drive System Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Air Cylinders Drive System
Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Series CJ2/Bore size: 6, 10, 16 Series CM2/Bore size: 20, 25, 32, 40
Applicable model Applicable model
Full stroke time (sec) Full stroke time (sec)
Solenoid valve Speed Solenoid valve Speed
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
10% 30% 50% 70% 10% 30% 50% 70%
6 60
20 200

AN120 AS1201F 45 AS2201F 150

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
-M5 SY3120-M5 -M5-04 SY3120-M5 -01-04
70% 30% AN120
TU0425 SYJ3120-M3 30 TU0425 SYJ5120-M5 100
-M5
AN120 VQD1121-M5 AS1200 50% 10% VQ1160-M5 AS2200 70% 50% 30%
-M3 -M5 15 -01 50

0
10% 0

10 100
25 200

AS1201F 75 AS2201F 150

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
SY3120-M5 -M5-04 SY3120-M5 -01-04
AN120 AN120
TU0425 SYJ512-M5 50 TU0425 SYJ5120-M5 100
-M5 -M5
VQZ1120-M5 AS1200 VQ1160-M5 AS2200
-M5 25 -01 50

0 0

16 100
32 200

AS1201F 75 ANB1 AS2201F 150

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
SY3120-M5 -M5-04 -01 -01-06
AN120 SY5120-01
TU0425 SYJ512-M5 50 TU0604 100
-M5 AN101 SX5120-01
VQZ1120-M5 AS1200 AS2200
-M5 25 -01 -01 50

0 0

Silencer Tubing
Solenoid valve
(2 position)
Speed
controller
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
700 800 900 1000
40 200

Applicable model ANB1 AS2201F 150

Stroke (mm)
-01 SY5120-01 -02-06
For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision. TU0604 100
AN101 SX5120-01 AS2200
-01 -02 50

0
Solenoid valve Speed 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller
Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
Applicable model

For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision.

How
How to
to Read
Read the
the Graph
Graph When the cylinder bore size is , its stroke is L , and load ratio is d %, full stroke time t is obtainted, as an
Conditions Example arrow mark q, by reading the value on the abscissa over the point at which the ordinate L hits the full stroke
This graph shows the full stroke time line (red line) of d %. Terminal velocity u is obtained, as an arrow mark w, by reading the value on the abscissa
and stroke end velocity when a cylin- Pressure 0.5 MPa below the point at which the ordinate L hits the terminal velocity line (blue line) of d %.
der drive system is composed of the Piping length 1m Full stroke time
Full stroke time (t )
most suitable equipment. Cylinder orientation Vertically upward

Stroke (mm)
q d% d%
As the graph shown at right, various

Stroke (L)
Speed controller Meter-out, connected with cylinder Speed
load ratio and full stroke time which directly, needle fully opened

velocity
Stroke
end
corresponds to stroke and terminal Load factor ((Load mass x 9.8)/Theoretical output) x 100%
velocity are indicated for every cylin- w Stroke
der bore size. Stroke end velocity (u ) Time (sec)
SOL
ON
OFF

Front matter 34 Front matter 35

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Drive System Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Air Cylinders Drive System
Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Series CQ2/Bore size: 12, 16, 20 Series CQ2/Bore size: 25, 32
Applicable model Applicable model
Full stroke time (sec) Full stroke time (sec)
Solenoid valve Speed Solenoid valve Speed
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
10% 30% 50% 70% 10% 30% 50% 70%
12 70% 50% 30% 10%
20
25 70% 50% 30%
10%
40

AS1201F 15 AS1201F 30

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
SY3120-M5 -M5-04 SY3120-M5
AN120 AN120 -M5-04
TU0425 SYJ5120-M5 10 TU0425 SYJ5120-M5 20
-M5 AS1200 -M5 AS1200
VQ1160-M5 VQ1160-M5
-M5 5 -M5 10

0 0

16 20
32 40

AS1201F 15 AS2201F 30

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
SY3120-M5 -M5-04 SY3120-M5
AN120 AN120 -01-06
TU0425 SYJ5120-M5 10 TU0604 SYJ5120-M5 20
-M5 AS1200 -M5 AS2200
VQ1160-M5 VQ1160-M5
-M5 5 -01 10

0 0
Speed
20 40 Silencer Tubing
Solenoid valve
(2 position) controller
0 100 200 300 400 500
Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
600 700 800 900 1000

AS1201F 30 Applicable model

Stroke (mm)
SY3120-M5 -M5-04
AN120
TU0425 SYJ5120-M5 20 For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision.
-M5 AS1200
VQ1160-M5
-M5 10

0
Solenoid valve Speed 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller
Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
Applicable model

For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision.

How
How to
to Read
Read the
the Graph
Graph When the cylinder bore size is , its stroke is L , and load ratio is d %, full stroke time t is obtainted, as an
Conditions Example arrow mark q, by reading the value on the abscissa over the point at which the ordinate L hits the full stroke
This graph shows the full stroke time line (red line) of d %. Terminal velocity u is obtained, as an arrow mark w, by reading the value on the abscissa
and stroke end velocity when a cylin- Pressure 0.5 MPa below the point at which the ordinate L hits the terminal velocity line (blue line) of d %.
der drive system is composed of the Piping length 1m
Full stroke time (t )
Full stroke time
most suitable equipment. Cylinder orientation Vertically upward
q

Stroke (mm)
As the graph shown at right, various d% d%
Meter-out, connected with cylinder

Stroke (L)
Speed controller Speed
load ratio and full stroke time which directly, needle fully opened

velocity
Stroke
end
corresponds to stroke and terminal Load factor ((Load mass x 9.8)/Theoretical output) x 100%
velocity are indicated for every cylin- w Stroke
der bore size. Stroke end velocity (u ) Time (sec)
SOL
ON
OFF

Front matter 36 Front matter 37

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Drive System Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Air Cylinders Drive System
Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Series CQ2/Bore size: 40, 50, 63 Series CQ2/Bore size: 80, 100
Applicable model Applicable model
Full stroke time (sec) Full stroke time (sec)
Solenoid valve Speed Solenoid valve Speed
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
10% 30% 50% 70% 10% 30% 50% 70%
40 70%
100 80 70%
100

ANB1 AS2201F 75 AN110 75

Stroke (mm)
Stroke (mm)
50% 50%
-01 SY5120-01 -01-06 -01 SY7120-02 AS4000
TU0604 50 TU1065 50
AN101 SX5120-01 AS2200 AN101 SX7120-01 -03
-01 -01 30% 30%
25 -01 25
10% 10%
0 0

50 100
100 100

ANB1 AS2201F 75 ANB1 AS5000 75

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
-01 SY5120-01 -02-06 -03 VFS41-03 -03
TU0604 50 TU1208 50
AN101 SX5120-01 AS2200 AN300 VFR41-03 AS420
-01 -02 25 -03 -03 25

0 0

63 100 Silencer Tubing

Solenoid valve
(2 position)
Speed
controller
0 100 200 300 400 500
Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
600 700 800 900 1000

ANB1 AS3201F 75 Applicable model

Stroke (mm)
-01 SY5120-01 -02-08
TU0805 50 For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision.
AN101 SX5120-01 AS3000
-01 -02 25

0
Solenoid valve Speed 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller
Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
Applicable model

For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision.

How
How to
to Read
Read the
the Graph
Graph When the cylinder bore size is , its stroke is L , and load ratio is d %, full stroke time t is obtainted, as an
Conditions Example arrow mark q, by reading the value on the abscissa over the point at which the ordinate L hits the full stroke
This graph shows the full stroke time line (red line) of d %. Terminal velocity u is obtained, as an arrow mark w, by reading the value on the abscissa
and stroke end velocity when a cylin- Pressure 0.5 MPa below the point at which the ordinate L hits the terminal velocity line (blue line) of d %.
der drive system is composed of the Piping length 2m
Full stroke time (t )
Full stroke time
most suitable equipment. Cylinder orientation Vertically upward
q

Stroke (mm)
As the graph shown at right, various d% d%
Meter-out, connected with cylinder

Stroke (L)
Speed controller Speed
load ratio and full stroke time which directly, needle fully opened

velocity
Stroke
end
corresponds to stroke and terminal Load factor ((Load mass x 9.8)/Theoretical output) x 100%
velocity are indicated for every cylin- w Stroke
der bore size. Stroke end velocity (u ) Time (sec)
SOL
ON
OFF

Front matter 38 Front matter 39

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Drive System Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Air Cylinders Drive System
Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Series MB/Bore size 32, 40, 50 Series MB/Bore size: 63, 80, 100
Applicable model Applicable model
Full stroke time (sec) Full stroke time (sec)
Solenoid valve Speed Solenoid valve Speed
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
10% 30% 50% 70% 10% 30% 50% 70%
32 400
63 400

ANB1 AS2201F 300 AN110 300

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
-01 SY5120-01 -01-06 -01 SY7120-02 AS4000
TU0604 200 TU1065 200
AN101 SX5120-01 AS2200 70% 50% 30% AN101 SX7120-02 -03
-01 -01 100 -01 100
10%
0
70% 50% 30% 10% 0

40 400
80 400

ANB1 AS2201F 300 ANB1 AS5000 300

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
-01 SY5120-01 -02-06 -02 VFS31-02 -02
TU0604 200 TU1065 200
AN101 SX5120-01 AS2200 AN200 VFR31-02 AS420
-01 -02 100 -02 -02 100

0 0

50 400
100 400

ANB1 AS3201F 300 ANB1 AS5000 300

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
-01 SY5120-01 -02-08 -03 VFS41-03 -03
TU0805 200 TU1208 200
AN101 SX5120-01 AS3000 AN300 VFR41-03 AS420
-01 -02 100 -03 -03 100

0 0
Solenoid valve Speed 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Solenoid valve Speed 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller
Stroke end velocity (mm/s) Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
Applicable model Applicable model

For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision. For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision.

How
How to
to Read
Read the
the Graph
Graph When the cylinder bore size is , its stroke is L , and load ratio is d %, full stroke time t is obtainted, as an
Conditions Example arrow mark q, by reading the value on the abscissa over the point at which the ordinate L hits the full stroke
This graph shows the full stroke time line (red line) of d %. Terminal velocity u is obtained, as an arrow mark w, by reading the value on the abscissa
and stroke end velocity when a cylin- Pressure 0.5 MPa below the point at which the ordinate L hits the terminal velocity line (blue line) of d %.
der drive system is composed of the Piping length 2m
Full stroke time (t )
Full stroke time
most suitable equipment. Cylinder orientation Vertically upward
q

Stroke (mm)
As the graph shown at right, various d% d%
Meter-out, connected with cylinder

Stroke (L)
Speed controller Speed
load ratio and full stroke time which directly, needle fully opened

velocity
Stroke
end
corresponds to stroke and terminal Load factor ((Load mass x 9.8)/Theoretical output) x 100%
velocity are indicated for every cylin- w Stroke
der bore size. Stroke end velocity (u ) Time (sec)
SOL
ON
OFF

Front matter 40 Front matter 41

 Best Pneumatics
2
Air Cylinders Drive System Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Air Cylinders Drive System
Full Stroke Time & Stroke End Velocity
Series CS1, CS2/Bore size: 125, 140, 160 Series CS1/Bore size: 180, 200, 250, 300
Applicable model Applicable model
Full stroke time (sec) Full stroke time (sec)
Solenoid valve Speed Solenoid valve Speed
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
10% 30% 50% 70% 10% 30% 50% 70%
125 70% 50%
800
180 70% 50%
800

ANB1 AS420 600 600

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
ANB1
-03 VFR3100-03 -02 30% -04 30%
SGP10A 400 SGP15A VEX3500-04 AS420
400
AN300 VEX3320-03 AS5000 AN400 VP3145-03 -03 10%
10%
-03 -02 200 -04 200

0 0

140 800
200 800

ANB1 AS420 600 ANB1 600

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
-03 VFR3100-03 -03 -04 AS420
SGP10A 400 SGP15A VEX3500-04 400
AN300 VEX3320-03 AS5000 AN400 VP3145-03 -04
-03 -03 200 -04 200

0 0

160 800
250 800

ANB1 600 ANB1 600

Stroke (mm)

Stroke (mm)
-04 VFR4100-04 AS420 -06 VEX3500-06 AS600
SGP10A 400 SGP20A 400
AN400 VEX3320-04 -03 AN500 VP3145-04 -10
-04 200 -06 200

0 0

Silencer Tubing
Solenoid valve
(2 position)
Speed
controller
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
350 400 450 500
300 800

Applicable model ANB1 600

Stroke (mm)
-10 VEX3500-10 AS600
For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision. SGP20A 400
AN600 VP3145-06 -10
-10 200

0
Solenoid valve Speed 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Silencer Tubing (2 position) controller
Stroke end velocity (mm/s)
Applicable model

For details corresponding to each various condition, make the use of SMC Model Selection Programthe pneumatic cylinder drive system for your decision.

How
How to
to Read
Read the
the Graph
Graph When the cylinder bore size is , its stroke is L , and load ratio is d %, full stroke time t is obtainted, as an
Conditions Example arrow mark q, by reading the value on the abscissa over the point at which the ordinate L hits the full stroke
This graph shows the full stroke time line (red line) of d %. Terminal velocity u is obtained, as an arrow mark w, by reading the value on the abscissa
and stroke end velocity when a cylin- Pressure 0.5 MPa below the point at which the ordinate L hits the terminal velocity line (blue line) of d %.
der drive system is composed of the Piping length 3m
Full stroke time (t )
Full stroke time
most suitable equipment. Cylinder orientation Vertically upward
q

Stroke (mm)
As the graph shown at right, various d% d%
Meter-out, connected with cylinder

Stroke (L)
Speed controller Speed
load ratio and full stroke time which directly, needle fully opened

velocity
Stroke
end
corresponds to stroke and terminal Load factor ((Load mass x 9.8)/Theoretical output) x 100%
velocity are indicated for every cylin- w Stroke
der bore size. Stroke end velocity (u ) Time (sec)
SOL
ON
OFF

Front matter 42 Front matter 43

P1568-P1576-E.qxd 08.10.3 3:07 PM Page 1568

Technical Data 1:
Bore Size Selection
Series CJ2 Series CM2
Data 1 Bore Size Selection

Double Acting Cylinder

The relation of cylinder force, bore size and operating pressure is Load ratio
the following. In selecting a cylinder, do not forget that in addition to the load, there
are many forces that act upon the cylinder. Even in the stationary state
Formula shown in the diagram below, the resistances of the seals and the
bearings in the cylinder must be subtracted. Furthermore, during
F1 = x A1 x P (1) operation, recoil due to the exhaust pressure also come into play.

F2 = x A2 x P (2)

F1: Cylinder force at extension side [N]

F2: Cylinder force at retraction side [N]
: Load ratio
A1: Piston area at extension side [mm2] Refer to Table (1).
A2: Piston area at retraction side [mm2] Refer to Table (1). Stationary Operation
P: Operating pressure [MPa] These forces that act against the cylinder vary according to the
conditions of the cylinder such as its size, pressure, and speed.
Note) As shown in the diagram below, the pressure receiving area on the Therefore, it is recommended to always select a cylinder of a larger
retraction side of the double acting single rod cylinder is reduced by the size. Thus, select an air cylinder so that the load factor, which is a
amount of the cross sectional area of the piston rod.
factor that is used in the selection process, will be as shown below.
1) To use a cylinder for stationary operations:
load factor = 0.7 or below (Fig.1)
2) To use a cylinder for dynamic operations:
load factor = 0.5 or below (Fig.2)
3) To use a cylinder with a guide for horizontal operations:
load factor = 1 or below (Fig. 3)

Table (1) Cylinder Piston Area

Piston area at Piston area at
Bore size Piston rod size
extension side retraction side Fig. 1 = 0.7 or less
D [mm] d [mm] A1 [mm2] A2 [mm2]
4 (CJ1) 2 12.6 9.4
6 3 28.3 21.2
8 5 50.3 30.6 Fig. 2 = 0.5 or less
10 4 78.5 66.0
12 6 113 84.8
5 201 181
16 6 (CJP2) 201 173 Fig. 3 = 1 or less
8 (CQ2) 201 151
8 314 264 Note) If a dynamic high-speed operation is particularly needed,
20
10 (CQ2) 314 236 further reduce the load factor. Then, the cylinder will have
10 491 412 power to spare for the amount by which the load factor has
25 been reduced, which will make it easier to produce speed.
12 (CQ2) 491 378
12 804 691 Meanwhile, a cylinder force that has been calculated by
32
16 (CQ2) 804 603 multiplying only the operating pressure by the pressure receiving
14 (CM2) 1260 1100 area, assuming that no resistance exists in the cylinder, is called
40 a theoretical output.
16 (CA, CQ2, CG) 1260 1060
50 20 1960 1650 For details about the theoretical output, refer to Data 3, page
63 20 3120 2800 1573.
80 25 5030 4540
100 30 7850 7150
32 (CS2) 12300 11500
125
36 12300 11300
32 (CS2) 15400 14600
140
36 15400 14400
38 (CS2) 20100 19000
160
40 20100 18800
40 (CQ2) 25400 24200
180
45 25400 23900
40 (CQ2) 31400 30200
200
50 31400 29500
250 60 49100 46300
300 70 70700 66800
1568
P1568-P1576-E.qxd 08.10.3 3:07 PM Page 1569

Bore Size Selection

Series CG1 Series CA2 Series MB Series CS1 Series CS2

Single Acting Cylinder

1. Single acting, Spring return type 2. Single acting, Spring extend type
Formula Formula

F1 = x (A1 x P f2) (3) F1 = x f1 (5)

F2 = x f1 (4) F2 = x (A2 x P f2) (6)
F1: Cylinder force at extension side [N] A2: Piston area at retraction side [mm2]
F2: Cylinder force at retraction side [N]
: Load ratio (Same as double acting type cylinder. Refer to page 1568.) Note) Avoid loading the cylinder since the cylinder force at the extension
side is a small value.
A1: Piston area at extension side [mm2]
P: Operating pressure [MPa]
f2: Spring reaction force (Outlet) [N] Refer to Table (2).
f1: Spring reaction force (Inlet) [N] Refer to Table (2).

Note) Avoid applying a load on the cylinder as much as possible, because

the value of the output force of a cylinder at the retraction side could
be small.

Table (2) Spring Reaction Force/Single Acting

(N) Series CQ2/Single Acting, Spring Return (N) Series CQ2/Single Acting, Spring Extend (N)
Bore size Spring reaction force (N) Bore size Stroke Spring reaction force (N) Bore size Stroke Spring reaction force (N)
Series
(mm) Outlet Inlet (mm) (mm) Outlet Inlet (mm) (mm) Outlet Inlet
2.5 1.13 0.64 5 13 8.6 5 11 2.9
CJ1 12 12
4 3.04 1.47 10 13 3.9 10 9.7 2.8
4 2.80 1.00 5 15 10.3 5 20 3.9
16 16
6 3.92 1.42 10 15 5.9 10 20 3.9
CJP
10 5.98 2.45 5 15 10 5 27 5.3
20 20
15 10.8 4.41 10 15 5.9 10 27 5.9
6 3.72 1.77 5 20 16 5 29 9.8
CJ2 25 25
10 6.86 3.53 10 20 11 10 29 9.8
CVJ3
16 14.2 6.86 5 30 23 5 29 20
32 32
6 3.5 1.6 10 30 16 10 29 20
10 6.9 3.0 5 30 13 5 29 20
40 40
16 15 5.9 10 39 21 10 29 20
CU
20 21 5.9 10 50 30 10 83 24
50 50
25 28 11 20 54 24 20 83 24
32 34 16
Use the same spring for the spring return type.

1. Single acting, Spring return 2. Single acting, Spring extend

Spring in pre-loaded Spring of outlet Spring in pre-loaded Spring of outlet
condition mounting load condition mounting load
IN OUT OUT IN

When the spring is set When the spring is contracted When the spring is set When the spring is contracted
in the cylinder by supplying air in the cylinder by supplying air

Technical
data
1569
P1568-P1576-E.qxd 08.10.3 3:07 PM Page 1570

Technical Data 1:
Bore Size Selection
Data 1 Bore Size Selection

Single Acting Cylinder

1. Single acting, Spring return type 2. Single acting, Spring extend type
Formula Formula

F1 = x (A1 x P f2) (3) F1 = x f1 (5)

F2 = x f1 (4) F2 = x (A2 x P f2) (6)
F1: Cylinder force at extension side [N] A2: Piston area at retraction side [mm2]
F2: Cylinder force at retraction side [N]
: Load ratio (Same as double acting type cylinder. Refer to page 1568.) Note) Avoid loading the cylinder since the cylinder force at the extension
A1: Piston area at extension side [mm2] side is a small value.
P: Operating pressure [MPa]
f2: Spring reaction force (Outlet) [N] Refer to Table (3).
f1: Spring reaction force (Inlet) [N] Refer to Table (3).

Note) Avoid applying a load on the cylinder as much as possible, because

the value of the output force of a cylinder at the retraction side could
be small.

Table (3) Spring Reaction Force/Single Acting

1. Single acting, Spring return Series CVM3
Spring in pre-loaded Spring of outlet Series CM2 (N) Series CG1 (N)
condition mounting load Bore size Stroke Spring reaction force (N) Bore size Stroke Spring reaction force (N)
IN OUT (mm) (mm) Outlet Inlet (mm) (mm) Outlet Inlet
25 24 25 24
50 7.8 50 7.8
When the spring is set When the spring is 75 17 20 75 39 17
20 39
in the cylinder contracted by supplying air 100 9.8 100 9.8
125 14 125 14
2. Single acting, Spring extend 150 8.8 25 30
Spring in pre-loaded Spring of outlet 25 30 50 14
condition mounting load 50 14 75 24
OUT IN 75 25 25 100 47 17
25 47
100 17 125 21
125 21 150 24
150 16 200 17
When the spring is set When the spring is
in the cylinder contracted by supplying air 25 41 25 40
50 15 50 15
75 31 75 31
100 20 32 100 67 20
32 67
125 26 125 25
150 18 150 31
175 25 200 20
200 20 25 50
25 50 50 24
50 24 75 36
75 36 40 100 76 24
100 24 125 32
125 32 150 36
40 76
150 24 200 24
175 30
200 24
225 29
250 24

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Bore Size Selection

Series CG1 Series CA2 Series MB Series CS1 Series CS2

Cushion Kinetic Energy Absorbable by the Cushion Mechanism

When a load that is operated by a cylinder must be stopped at the
end of the stroke, the piston in the cylinder will collide with the
Series CJ2
Rubber bumper Air cushion
cover unless an external stopper is provided. A built-in function Bore size
that cushions the impact and the sound that are generated at this (mm) Allowable kinetic energy Effective cushion length Kinetic energy absorbable
time is the cushion mechanism. (J) (mm) (J)
There are two types in the cushion mechanism as below. 6 0.012
10 0.035 9.4 0.07
Rubber bumper: Dampens the impact sound and prevents the
16 0.090 9.4 0.18
installation area from becoming loosened or
damaged by the impact.
Air cushion: Similar to a rubber bumper, but achieves a higher Series CM2
level of effectiveness. It cushions the vibrations that Rubber bumper Air cushion
are generated by collision. Bore size
(mm) Allowable kinetic energy Effective cushion length Kinetic energy absorbable
Note) Depending on the model of the cylinder, it might not be possible to (J) (mm) (J)
have either of the above two cushions built into the cylinder.
20 0.27 11.0 0.54
Even if the one of the cushion mechanisms described above is 25 0.4 11.0 0.78
used for stopping a load, it might not be possible to completely
32 0.65 11.0 1.27
absorb the impact if the kinetic energy of he load is too large.
Therefore, be careful of overloading or excessive speed. 40 1.2 11.8 2.35
The kinetic energy of a load can be expressed by the formula
given below. Series CG1
Formula Rubber bumper Air cushion
Bore size
m Allowable kinetic energy Effective cushion length Kinetic energy absorbable
x V2 (7)
(mm)
E= (J) (mm) (J)
2 20 0.28 R: 7.0, H: 7.5 R: 0.35, H: 0.42
E: Kinetic energy [J] 25 0.41 R: 7.0, H: 7.5 R: 0.56, H: 0.65
m: Load mass [kg] 32 0.66 7.5 0.91
V: Max. piston speed [m/s] 40 1.2 8.7 1.8
Kinetic energy absorbable by the cushion mechanism is the table 50 2.0 11.8 3.4
at right. When the values are exceeded, following countermea- 63 3.4 11.8 4.9
sures are required like using a bigger bore size cylinder or mount- 80 5.9 17.3 11.8
ing an external stopper, etc. 100 9.9 15.8 16.7
R: Rod side, H: Head side
Series CQ2 Series CA2, CS1, CS2
Bore size Allowable kinetic energy (J) Bore size Effective cushion length Kinetic energy absorbable
(mm) Standard type With rubber bumper (mm) (mm) (J)
12 0.022 0.043 40 15.0 2.8
16 0.038 0.075 50 15.0 4.6
20 0.055 0.11 63 15.0 7.8
25 0.09 0.18 80 24.0 16
32 0.15 0.29 100 29.0 29
40 0.26 0.52 125 21.0 32.3
50 0.46 0.91 140 21.0 44.6
63 0.77 1.54 160 21.0 58.8
80 1.36 2.71 180 22.5 78.4
100 2.27 4.54 200 22.5 98.0
250 28.5 147
Series RQ 300 28.5 265
R: Rod side, H: Head side
Bore size
(mm)
Effective cushion length Kinetic energy absorbable
(mm) (J) Series MB
20 5.8 0.40 Bore size Effective cushion length Kinetic energy absorbable
25 6.1 0.63 (mm) (mm) (J)
32 6.6 1.00 32 18.8 2.2
40 6.6 1.60 40 18.8 3.4
50 7.1 2.50 50 21.3 5.9
63 7.0 4.00 63 21.3 11
80 7.5 6.40 80 30.3 20 Technical
100 8.0 10.00 100 29.3 29 data
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Technical Data 2:
Air Consumption and Required Air Volume
Data 2 Air Consumption and Required Air Volume
The air consumption is the volume of air that is consumed in the cylinder or in the piping between the cylinder and the switching valve during
the reciprocal movement of an air cylinder. It is necessary for selecting a compressor and for calculating the running cost.
The required air volume is the volume of air that is required for operating the cylinder at a specified speed, and it is necessary for selecting
the diameter ofthe piping upstream from switching valve or the FRL equipment.

1. Air Consumption 2. Required Air Volume

Formula Formula

(P1 + 0.1) (qc1 + qp1)

qc1 = A1 x L x 0.1 x 106 (8) Q1 = t1 x 60 (14)
qc2 = A2 x L x (P 0.1
+ 0.1)
x 106 (9)
2
Q1 = (qc2 + qp2)
x 60 (15)
t2
P x 106(10)
qp1 = a1 x l 1 x 0.1 1
Q = Bigger one between Q1 and Q2
P x 106(11)
qp2 = a2 x l 2 x 0.1 2
Q = Required air [dm3/min (ANR)]
t = Time for whole stroke [s]
Double acting cylinder
q = qc1 + qp1 + qc2 + qp2 (12) Subscript 1: Extension side
Subscript 2: Retraction side
Single acting type cylinder
q = qc1 + qp1(13) For calculating the volume of air consumption and required air in
accordance with each condition, please make use of our
Equipment Selection Program and Energy Saving Program.
qc = Air consumption of air cylinder [dm3 (ANR)]
qp = Air consumption of tubing or piping [dm3 (ANR)]
q = Air consumption required for one stroke of air cylinder [dm3 (ANR)]
A = Piston area at extension side [mm2]
L = Cylinder stroke [mm]
P = Operating pressure [MPa]
l = Piping length [mm]
a = Piping internal sectional area [mm2]

Subscript 1: Extension side

Subscript 2: Retraction side

Internal Sectional Area of Tubing and Steel Piping

O.D. I.D. Internal sectional area
Nominal size
(mm) (mm) a (mm2)
T0425 4 2.5 4.9
T0604 6 4 12.6
TU0805 8 5 19.6
T0806 8 6 28.3
1/8B 6.5 33.2
T1075 10 7.5 44.2
TU1208 12 8 50.3
T1209 12 9 63.6
1/4B 9.2 66.5
TS1612 16 12 113
3/8B 12.7 127
T1613 16 13 133
1/2B 16.1 204
3/4B 21.6 366
1B 27.6 598

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Technical Data 3:
Theoretical Output Table 1
Data 3 Theoretical Output 1
Applicable cylinder: Series CJ2, CM2, CA2, MB, CS1
Series CJ2
(6 to 16)

Series CM2 Series CA2 Series MB Series CS1 Series CS2

(20 to 40) (40 to 100) (32 to 125) (125 to 300) (125 to 160)

Double Acting Cylinder (N)

Bore size Rod size Operating Piston area Operating pressure (MPa)
(mm) (mm) direction (mm2) 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
OUT 28.3 5.66 8.49 11.3 14.2 17.0 19.8
6 3
IN 21.2 4.24 6.36 8.48 10.6 12.7 14.8
OUT 78.5 15.7 23.6 31.4 39.3 47.1 55.0
10 4
IN 66.0 13.2 19.8 26.4 33.0 39.6 46.2
OUT 201 40.2 60.3 80.4 101 121 141
16 5
IN 181 36.2 54.3 72.4 90.5 109 127
OUT 314 62.8 94.2 126 157 188 220 251 283 314
20 8
IN 264 52.8 79.2 106 132 158 185 211 238 264
OUT 491 98.2 147 196 246 295 344 393 442 491
25 10
IN 412 82.4 124 165 206 247 288 330 371 412
OUT 804 161 241 322 402 482 563 643 724 804
32 12
IN 691 138 207 276 346 415 484 553 622 691
OUT 1260 252 378 504 630 756 882 1010 1130 1260
14
IN 1100 220 330 440 550 660 770 880 990 1100
40 OUT 1260 252 378 504 630 756 882 1010 1130 1260
16
IN 1060 212 318 424 530 636 742 848 954 1060
OUT 1960 392 588 784 980 1180 1370 1570 1760 1960
50 20
IN 1650 330 495 660 825 990 1160 1320 1490 1650
OUT 3120 624 936 1250 1560 1870 2180 2500 2810 3120
63 20
IN 2800 560 840 1120 1400 1680 1960 2240 2520 2800
OUT 5030 1010 1510 2010 2520 3020 3520 4020 4530 5030
80 25
IN 4540 908 1360 1820 2270 2720 3180 3630 4090 4540
OUT 7850 1570 2360 3140 3930 4710 5500 6280 7070 7850
100 30
IN 7150 1430 2150 2860 3580 4290 5010 5720 6440 7150
OUT 12300 2460 3690 4920 6150 7380 8610 9840 11100 12300
32
IN 11500 2300 3450 4600 5750 6900 8050 9200 10400 11500
125 OUT 12300 2460 3690 4920 6150 7380 8610 9840 11100 12300
36
IN 11300 2260 3390 4520 5650 6780 7910 9040 10200 11300
OUT 15400 3080 4620 6160 7700 9240 10800 12300 13900 15400
32
IN 14600 2920 4380 5840 7300 8760 10200 11700 13100 14600
140 OUT 15400 3080 4620 6160 7700 9240 10800 12300 13900 15400
36
IN 14400 2880 4320 5760 7200 8640 10100 11500 13000 14400
OUT 20100 4020 6030 8040 10100 12100 14100 16100 18100 20100
38
IN 19000 3800 5700 7600 9500 11400 13300 15200 17100 19000
160 OUT 20100 4020 6030 8040 10100 12100 14100 16100 18100 20100
40
IN 18800 3760 5640 7520 9400 11300 13200 15000 16900 18800
OUT 25400 5080 7620 10200 12700 15200 17800 20300 22900 25400
180 45
IN 23900 4780 7170 9560 12000 14300 16700 19100 21500 23900
OUT 31400 6280 9420 12600 15700 18800 22000 25100 28300 31400
200 50
IN 29500 5900 8850 11800 14800 17700 20700 23600 26600 29500
OUT 49100 9820 14700 19600 24600 29500 34400 39300 44200 49100
250 60
IN 46300 9260 13900 18500 23200 27800 32400 37000 41700 46300
OUT 70700 14100 21200 28300 35400 42400 49500 56600 63600 70700
300 70
IN 66800 13400 20000 26700 33400 40100 46800 53400 60100 66800

Single Acting, Spring Return Cylinder (N)

Bore size Rod size Operating Piston area Operating pressure (MPa)
(mm) (mm) direction (mm2) 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
OUT 4.90 0.34 0.83 1.32 1.81 2.30
2.5 1
IN 0.64
OUT 12.6 0.74 2.00 3.26 4.52 5.78
4 2
IN 1.47
OUT 28.3 1.94 4.77 7.60 10.4 13.3 16.1
6 3
IN 1.77
OUT 78.5 8.84 16.7 24.5 32.4 40.2 48.1
10 4
IN 3.53
OUT 201 26.0 46.1 66.2 86.3 106.4 126.5
16 5
IN 6.86
OUT 314 23.8 55.2 87 118 149 181 212 244 275
20 8
IN 7.8
OUT 491 51.2 100 149 199 248 297 346 395 444
25 10
IN 14
OUT 804 94 174 255 335 415 496 576 657 737
32 12
IN 15
OUT 1260 176 302 428 554 680 806 934 1054 1184
40 14
IN 24
1. In the case of the extension side, theoretical output of single acting cylinder is a value taken secondary mounting load of the spring off theoretical output of
double acting cylinder. In the case of the retraction side, take primary mounting load of the spring. Technical
2. Avoid loading the cylinder on the retraction side. data
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Technical Data 3:
Theoretical Output Table 2
Data 3 Theoretical Output 2
Applicable cylinder: Series CG1

Series CG1
(20 to 100)

Double Acting Cylinder (N)

Bore size Rod size Operating Piston area Operating pressure (MPa)
(mm) (mm) direction (mm2) 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
OUT 314 62.8 94.2 126 157 188 220 251 283 314
20 8
IN 264 52.8 79.2 106 132 158 185 211 238 264
OUT 491 98.2 147 196 246 295 344 393 442 491
25 10
IN 412 82.4 124 165 206 247 288 330 371 412
OUT 804 161 241 322 402 482 563 643 724 804
32 12
IN 691 138 207 276 346 415 484 553 622 691
OUT 1260 252 378 504 630 756 882 1010 1130 1260
40 16
IN 1060 212 318 424 530 636 742 848 954 1060
OUT 1960 392 588 784 980 1180 1370 1570 1760 1960
50 20
IN 1650 330 495 660 825 990 1160 1320 1490 1650
OUT 3120 624 936 1250 1560 1870 2180 2500 2810 3120
63 20
IN 2800 560 840 1120 1400 1680 1960 2240 2520 2800
OUT 5030 1010 1510 2010 2520 3020 3520 4020 4530 5030
80 25
IN 4540 908 1360 1820 2270 2720 3180 3630 4090 4540
OUT 7850 1570 2360 3140 3930 4710 5500 6280 7070 7850
100 30
IN 7150 1430 2150 2860 3580 4290 5010 5720 6440 7150

Single Acting, Spring Return Cylinder (N)

Bore size Rod size Operating Piston area Operating pressure (MPa)
(mm) (mm) direction (mm2) 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
OUT 314 23.8 55.2 87 118 149 181 212 244 275
20 8
IN 7.8
OUT 491 51.2 100 149 199 248 297 346 395 444
25 10
IN 14
OUT 804 94 174 255 335 415 496 576 657 737
32 12
IN 15
OUT 1260 176 302 428 554 680 806 934 1054 1184
40 16
IN 24
Note 1) In the case of the extension side, theoretical output of single acting cylinder is a value taken secondary mounting load of the spring off theoretical
output of double acting cylinder. In the case of the retraction side, take primary mounting load of the spring.
Note 2) Avoid loading the cylinder on the retraction side.

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Technical Data 4:
Condensation
Data 4 Condensation
In pneumatic systems, the generation of waterdrops in piping may affect the equipments operation and service life.
Thus, compressed air that is supplied is normally dehumidified by an air dryer, and is then sent to the system. However, when a compact
actuator is used in order to downsize the equipment and correspond to the demand of high speed, condensation may occur and cause
damage even if dehumidified air is used.
When selecting cylinders, check the generation of condensation based on the control graph below.

Condensation Control Graph

0 Conditions
Solenoid vale switching interval: ON 1 sec., OFF 1 sec.
Inlet air: Atmospheric pressure dew point C

Piping tube material: Polyurethane

-10 Condensation zone

-20

-30 Ps [MPa]
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
-40

-50
None-condensation
zone
-60
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Volume ratio Kv

0
Enlarged view
Inlet air: Atmospheric pressure dew point C

-5

-10

-15 Condensation zone

-20
Ps [MPa]
-25 0.7
0.6
0.5 0.4
-30

-35

-40

-45 None-condensation zone

-50
0 5 10 15 20
Volume ratio Kv

How to analyze the control graph

(1) Determine the volume ratio Kv .
Determine the volume Kv using the following formula.

Vt x Vt: Piping volume [cm3]

Kv = 0.1
Vc Ps + 0.1 Vc: Cylinder volume [cm3]
Ps: Supply air gauge pressure [MPa]
(2) Determine the intersection point w of the atmospheric pressure dew point of supply air q and volume ratio Kv e.
(3) Determine whether condensation is generated depending on where the intersection point w falls.

Refer to a separate catalog, Condensation Measures of Pneumatic Systems for the details of measures.
Condensation control can also be determined based on SMCs Pneumatic Equipment Model Selection Program Ver. 3.5.
Technical
(Refer to front matter 50, the related technical data and the catalog information.) data
1575