Science and Technology:
Introduction 1.1
Presented by Dr. Roman Saini
About me
IAS, Doctor and trying to be a good teacher
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What is the first thought that come in your mind when you
have to study SnT
Why is it part of syllabus
Forget about everything else, knowledge of basic sciences is part of being human
Understanding how the world around us work
Being a civil servant means taking rational, logical and analytical decisions,
science education helps with that
SnT is future of everything. All the progress, economic or otherwise, is totally
completely, utterly, dependent on SnT. So you need to be aware about all the
recent development in this field
Without basic IT skills, you cant function as a civil servant
You will be asked to implement such policies very early in your career
e-governance:
Corruption is inversely proportional to e-governance
Route to root out corruption
Minimise human interface using SnT in administration
Better, faster and cheaper service delivery to citizenry
Better implementation and monitoring of all the programmes and
schemes
Syllabus
There is considerable overlap with EnE. No watertight
compartmentalisation
Prelims:
General issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity and
Climate Change - that do not require subject specialisation
General Science.
Mains: a well-educated person will be able to answer them without any specialized study
e-technology in the aid of farmers
Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life
Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenisation of technology and
developing new technology.
Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-
technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Disaster and disaster management.
Internal security: Cyber aspect
Why important to read it
Rule of thumb : 35-40% of paper 1 for last 6 years is coming from SnT and
EnE
2010 prelims: 18 (SnT) + 17 (EnE) = 35 questions
2011 Prelims: 15, Mains: 5
2012 Prelims: 16, Mains: 12 + 9
2013 Prelims: 13 questions (Biology - Health related [4], Plant related [4],
Physics [5]), Mains: 5/25 questions (20% of paper III)
2014 Prelims- 16 questions, Mains - 4/20 questions = 25% paper III
Resources: Decreasing order of
importance
>50% of SnT will come from NCERTs. Out of that, at least more than 50% will
come from biology
NCERTs : 6 to 10th, plus selective reading of XI, XII NCERT of PCB
Last 10 years Prelims questions, Last 8 years Mains question papers
Nobel prize of Bio, Medicine, Physics, Chemistry (last 3 years)
The Hindu : Thursday edition (loosing its sheen, at max headlines + 2-3 basic facts)
Science Reporter (last 12 editions before the exam)
Lucent GK
Class XII Biology NCERT
Start with reading 13-16 (Organism and population, Ecosystem, BD &
conversation, Environmental issues)
12 (Biotech and its application), Followed by 8, 9, 10 (Human health, Food
production enhancement and microbes in human welfare)
4 (Reproductive health), 7 (Evolution), 5 (Principles of inheritance and variations)
6 (Human Genome Project and DNA Fingerprinting, basic definitions of
processes)
Last priority: 11 (Biotech principles and process, 1 (reproduction in organism), 2
(sexual reproduction in flowering plants), 3 (Human reproduction)
Class XI Biology NCERT
Unit V 16-22 Human Physiology
Unit I Classification of living organisms
Unit III Cellular biology
Unit IV Plant physiology
Unit II Structural organisationat last
Physics XI and XII NCERT
You can do without reading it
XI: Volume 1 and 2
Ch1: Physical World, Ch2: Units and Measurements, Ch15
(Doppler effect etc.)
XII : Vol 2:
Ch 9: Ray optics and optical instruments (TIR, rainbow, mirage,
why diamond sparkles)
Chemistry NCERT
Class XI: Part 2
Unit 14: Environmental Chemistry
Class XII: Part 1
Unit 14 Biomolecules
Unit 15 Polymers
Unit 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life
Please avoid
India Year book
No manual or big journals please
No coaching notes (at max. Vajiram)
No need to go to infinite websites of ministries or departments
(unless to resolve a very specific query)
No need for anything else. Just watch the videos and follow my
advice, you will correct more than 80% questions
Questions
Basic science facts. Ex: Which metal is liquid on room temperature,
composition of sun, forces of nature etc.
Underlining scientific principal for everyday phenomenon:
Why stars twinkle, why sun is visible technically after sunset, why do,
why do we have goose bumps etc.
Misnomer or Paradox: Lead pencil has lead? Small intestine is smaller?
Recent advances: IRNSS, Mars orbiter, Higgs Boson etc.
Questions
Why diamond sparkles or why rainbow formation occurs or why do we
see mirage on the road on a hot day
Why do we feel cold when alcohol touches skin or why leaves feel moist
or why do we sweat more in summers
Why lead pencils are a misnomer
Why snake bite doesn't always kill
Why do we start breathing heavily once we go high or why is it difficult to
make tea on high altitude
What are diamond, graphite, graphene or fullerene
Galvanised iron sheets have a coating of
What is Heavy water
Non stick cooking utensils are coated with
Monazite is an ore of
Permanent hardness of water may be removed by the addition of
The most important ore of aluminium is
What is sun made up of
Why dont we die of infection if we have so many bacteria are inside us
What all diseases are eradicated from India
Which 2 semi conductors are used for making transistors
Which of the following is a chemical change or physical change
If blood is not clotting which vitamin is to be given
What is colostrum
What is unique to an individual (DNA, Fingerprint, Sole print, retina)
What is genetic engineering boon and bane
What are different types of pollinating agents
What is biopesticide BT cotton
What is heavy metal poisoning? Is it safe for children to use lead pencil
What is CFC? Why damaging to environment
Why cant be brain transplanted, can stem cells create brain, which organs can
be transplanted: eyes, cornea, liver, kidney, brain, heart, lungs, spleen, thyroid,
testes, ovary, uterus, gall bladder
What are stem cells
What is responsible for evolution
How can you prove universe is expanding
Thorium advantage over Uranium
What is nanotech
Adaptation of desert leaves
Aflatoxin
Why always transplantation is not successful
How cold storage of food works
Common name of fungus, algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes
Transmission of diseases
What are the forces of nature
Why is small intestine small
Why do we have appendix, hairs or wisdom tooth
Eye openers
Try to read SnT for 2-4 weeks, follow my advice and you will attempt
>80%
No one in this world can attempt all the questions correctly
Even IITians and AIIMSonians, who have have spent their entire teenage
years studying science at cutting edge, are baffled by few questions in
CSE
Hard work doesn't work in science
Realistic targets with smart work is the key to success
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