From Dr.

Patti Taylor –
[Link]

AN OBSERVATIONAL AND COMPARATIVE STUDY OF

AN INVESTIGATION OF AN EFFECTIVE, POWERFUL, AND

ABSTRACT

Patricia H. Taylor
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Philosophy in Transpersonal Psychology
International University of Professional Studies
Maui, Hawaii, 2000
COPYRIGHT WARNING: © Patricia H. Taylor, PhD 2000. All rights
reserved. Unauthorized citations, copying, or distribution is prohibited. For
permissions, please contact Patricia Taylor at pattiluv@[Link]. For more
information about Expanded Orgasm and Expanded Lovemaking, please visit
[Link]
Welcome to my PhD Dissertation! For better navigation (and enjoyment!) 
please read this brief introduction.  
This Collection contains key portions of my PhD Dissertation –a structured, observational study 
of 44 practitioners of expanded orgasm (EO), in which I explore EO as an authentic (valid) path 
to transcendent states of consciousness.  

There are four documents here (part of the dissertation is NOT here ‐ history and background 
relating to the topic). Each document has the same cover pages which show the title page, my 
contact information, and a URL to my website where you can find lots more about EO.  

EO Dissertation 1: The abstract, tables, and part of the Summary/Discussion section 

EO Dissertation 2: The abstract, introduction, tables, and all of the Summary/Discussion section  

EO Dissertation 3: The detailed results section  

EO Dissertation 4: The survey tool I used to do the study 

This Dissertation was converted into PDF form in early 2000. Accordingly there are a few figures 
that did not convert very well or that have degraded; but these don't impact the text, logic, and 
flow of the document. Also page numbers reflect the original document.  

Enjoy! Patricia Taylor, PhD ("Dr. Patti") 

 
WANT TO KNOW MORE ABOUT EXPANDED ORGASM?
 

Please visit my website at [Link] where you can: 

‐ Learn lots more about Expanded Orgasm 
‐ Discover my books, The Enchantment of Opposites: How to Create Great Relationships 
and Expanded Orgasm: Soar to Ecstasy with Your Partner’s Every Touch 
‐ Discover my demonstration DVD: Expand Her Orgasm Tonight! 
‐ Learn about at‐home EO discovery programs 
‐ Link to my free podcasts on topics of Expanded Lovemaking and profound spirituality 
(each podcast is an interview of an author or researcher in the field!) 
‐ And lots more 

EO is an authentic, powerful, and pleasurable path to transcendent consciousness. Enjoy! 
 

 
A NOTE ABOUT LIKERT SCALE RESPONSES IN THE QUESTIONNAIRE 
 

Many of the questions in the survey questionnaire allowed the subject to give a response over a 
wide range (rather than just Yes/No). You have probably answered questions with a set of 
possible responses like this; for example the questionnaire makes a statement like “I like 
winter” and you are given a range of five possible responses (plus, often, a sixth possible 
response indicating that the question is not applicable to you or that you don’t know the 
answer). For example, 1 is Strongly disagree, 2 is Disagree, 3 is Neutral (or Neither disagree nor 
agree), 4 is Agree, and 5 is Strongly agree.  

This way of constructing a response set for a question is called a Likert Scale. For the Likert 
scale type questions in this questionnaire, I used the following possible response set:  

1 never or hardly ever true 

2 true sometimes 

3 true about half the time 

4 true most of the time 

5 true all of the time 

n/a no opinion or not applicable 

 
Chapter 4: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

This section begins with a detailed description of the subjects in terms of their

demographics and their experiences in general of Regular and Expanded Orgasm. The

results in terms of each of the Research Questions are then presented, followed by the

analysis of the Research Hypothesis. The data and analyses are then summarized and re-

stated in order to prepare for a coherent Discussion of the results (a more complete

presentation of the data will be presented in chapter five).

Abbreviations
CO Climactic Orgasm
EO Expanded orgasm
M Masculine
F Feminine
I Intercourse (as method of achieving EO)
M Manual (as method of achieving EO)

The Subjects

A description of how the subjects for this Study were selected is presented in

chapter three. As shown in Table 6, 44 subjects (22 male and 22 female) participated in

the Study. They alone determined whether they were eligible as “practitioners of EO”

according to the criteria laid out in the survey instrument.

The age range for the entire group was 32-66 (mean 51, median 52). Men and

women had nearly equivalent age ranges (mean 50.6 for men, 48.5 for women, p = .06,

not statistically significant).

There was a wide range in the number of EO partners in the past year (1 to 20),

but no significant difference between genders. However, men first experienced CO at an

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earlier age than women (11.3 vs. 16.5 years, p < .001). This has been noted in the

literature on sexuality. Yet, the age at which participants first experienced EO was the

same across men and women (mean 39.7 years), and both men and women experienced

EO the same percentage of the time when in orgasm (mean for group, 66.1%). And,

frequency of EO was the same for both genders: a mean of 4.4 times per week.

Time in EO state: the shortest time in EO varied from 0.2 to 60 minutes (mean 9

minutes SD = 12.1 min, no significant difference between genders). The longest reported

times varied from 0.3 to 156 hours (mean 7.2 hr, SD = 23.8 hr, median 3.0 hr). The

average reported EO time was 0.9 hr (range 0.02 to 6.0, no significant difference between

genders).

Most participants experience EO with a partner. The total group reported

experiencing EO with a partner 66.2% of the time they experienced orgasm-- 58.2% for

men and 74.4% of women. (p < .05)

Methods of achieving EO: in self-practice, manual stimulation is more used for

the group as a whole than is a device such as a vibrator (57.4% vs. 27.9%), though in the

self-stimulation EO, manual stimulation is more preferred by men (80.8%) than by

women (34.1%) (p < .001). On the other hand, when with a partner, 36.0% of the whole

group experienced EO with manual stimulation, 21.0% orally, 36.2% with intercourse,

and 3.6% with a device. Only for intercourse did the with-partner method differ

significantly between sexes, and this is born out by intercourse being overwhelmingly the

favored method of achieving EO among men, versus manual stimulation for women. Of

13 participants who gave their “favorite method” as manual, all were women; of 12 who

gave their “favorite method” as intercourse, 11 were men.

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 Research Questions

As stated in chapter three, the over-arching research question of this Study was:

“Is Expanded Orgasm a valid path of transcendence?” And, valid path was defined as

being effective and powerful.

General Research Questions

Let us begin with the general Research Questions. The data are presented in

tabular format in Table 6.

1. What are the physical concomitants of EO from the point of view of the

experiencer?

As a whole, the EO group reported changes in sensory perception a little more

than half the time (mean Likert = 3.7). EO appears to have potent effects on physical

awareness during the experience as well: participants reported increased awareness of

physical processes most of the time (4.2), and even experiencing and working through

“blocked [physical] energies (2.9). Perhaps this increased awareness of interior physical

process is linked to the very frequent awareness of breathing as a link to consciousness

(mean Likert = 4.2) and deliberate use of breathing to enhance the EO experience (3.7).

2. What are the emotional concomitants of EO from the point of view of the

experiencer?

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 Participants reported very frequent changes in their emotions: especially intense

(mean Likert = 4.1) and positive (4.4) emotions. Negative emotions were far less frequent

(1.4). However, the experience of EO appears to facilitate the release of intense memories

at least occasionally (2.2). Consistent with EO’s ability to release intense and positive

emotions, practitioners claimed to feel an increase in love and compassion toward self

and others most of the time (mean Likerts, 4.2 and 4.2). A male participant stated, “I can

sometimes—usually when with a partner—include another person’s point of view, even

one I have not understood previously.”

3. What are the mental concomitants of EO from the point of view of the

experiencer?

Alterations in thought processes or viewpoint were common, experienced half the

time. This included the experience of being flooded with “new information on

unconscious dynamics,” a sense of one’s own viewpoint expanding to include the

opposite viewpoint, and noticing novel or creative thinking approaches.

4. What are the spiritual concomitants of EO from the point of view of the

experiencer?

It is in the spiritual domain that we see the most pronounced experiential

expressions during EO. Participants reported experiencing guidance that has changed

their perspective of life more than half the time (mean Likert = 3.6) and often use EO to

explore existential topics (3.3), psychospiritual birth (2.4) and death (2.1), and

unconditional love (3.9). The group also utilizes EO to explore synchronicities and non-

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locality about half the time. While less frequent, EO is utilized as a means to explore or

experience archetypal images and transcendental experiences (especially in pondering

and resolving issues about the meaning of life—mean Likert = 3.1). Even more common

are claims that in EO one experiences oneself as a direct participant in the act of Divine

creation (3.3) or as participating in a reality beyond space (3.7) or time (4.1). Being on a

path of Divine realization was felt to be very common (4.1) in EO, as was a sense of

merging with the Divine (3.5) or witnessing the Divine (3.4) or “identifying with the

cosmic emptiness” (3.0).

5. In each of the four dimensions (physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual),

do practitioners have a different experience during EO, compared to normal

waking consciousness, and to what extent?

In comparing “normal” verses expanded orgasmic states, participants generally

reported feeling more pleasure (mean 4.8), relaxation (4.4), heightened sensations (mean

4.3), increased energy (4.5), temporary pain relief (4.1), energy expanding out of the

body (4.4), and deep relaxing abdominal breathing (4.0). In the mental realm,

respondents report greater mental clarity (3.9), creativity (3.8), acceptance of self and

others (mean Likerts = 4.5 and 4.2), and even greater extra-sensory perception (3.8).

They report that over both the immediate and long-term, their EO-inspired insights have

contributed to a positive quality of life (mean 4.5 for each of immediate and long-term).

Compared to how participants feel “normally,” in EO they tend to experience release of

“negative” emotional energies about half the time (3.3), but positive emotional energies

much more often (4.2). They claim more of a sense of optimism (4.4), and almost always

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experience ecstasy (4.7). Various spiritual effects are experienced, on average, a little

more than half the time in EO: for example, more of a sense that the respondent and

partner are “one being sharing the same experience” (3.8) or a sense of perfection in their

being (3.8), or even of merging with the Divine (3.5).

6. In each of the following domains, do (and to what extent) do practitioners

experience themselves as:

a. Having positive health and well being changes immediately after EO?

b. Having positive health and well being changes in the longer term?

Participants described themselves as “feel[ing] that EO had contributed to their

health and well being almost all the time, over the immediate term (mean Likert 4.4), as

well as over the long term (4.6).

c. Having personality changes immediately after EO?

d. Having personality changes in the longer term?

Their feelings about themselves improved most of the time both immediately and

over the long-term (4.4 and 4.5, respectively); and they claimed to find themselves being

a nicer person nearly all the time, again in both immediate and long term time frames (4.4

and 4.4). In both time frames, practitioners claimed being more fulfilled (4.6 and 4.5),

compassionate (4.3 and 4.3) and loving (4.5 and 4.5).

e. Having positive impact on relationships immediately after EO?

f. Having positive impact on relationships in the longer term?

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 Practitioners noted a strong improvement in interpersonal relationships

immediately following EO, and over the long term (4.3 and 4.2). This included a desire to

“give back to the giver” after having had EO with a partner (3.9), as well as a sense of

being more turned on to one’s partner after receiving EO (4.3).

g. Having enhanced spirituality immediately after EO?

h. Having enhanced spirituality in the longer term?

Participants claimed a strong contribution to spirituality over the immediate and

long term (4.2 and 4.3). There is strong agreement among practitioners that EO is a valid

spiritual experience (4.7).

7. Do participants plan to continue to practice EO?

Further evidence of the value of EO is seen in participants’ intention to continue

to practice EO in both the foreseeable future (4.7) and for the rest of their lives (4.6), and

to develop their practice even further than its current level (4.5).

8. Do participants consider EO to be a valid spiritual path?

Participants agreed very strongly (mean Likert 4.5) that they considered EO a

valid spiritual path.

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Specific Research Questions Validating EO as A Valid Path to Transcendence

The following Research Questions were considered to validate EO as a valid path

to transcendence. The rationale behind these questions was discussed in depth in chapter

three.

9. Consciousness is viewed as primary

[26] The experience of being flooded with new information on unconscious

dynamics.

Participants stated that this was true about half the time (mean Likert 2.9)

[27] The experience of expansion of personal viewpoint to include the opposite

viewpoint (this concerns the fluidity and experience of arbitrariness of one’s

personal viewpoint)

Participants stated that this was true about half the time (mean Likert 3.0)

[28] The appearance of novel and creative approaches to thinking

Participants stated that this was true a little more than half the time (mean Likert

3.3)

[29] The experience of intense and unusual emotions

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 4.1)

[32] Confronting and releasing memories

Participants stated that this was true some of the time (mean Likert 2.2)

[33] Increased love and compassion toward oneself or [34] others

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 Participants stated that this was true most of the time in both cases (mean Likert

4.2)

[46] Experiencing both ordinary and non-ordinary awareness simultaneously

Participants stated that this was true about half of the time (mean Likert 3.3)

[47] Creating simultaneously at lower levels of consciousness what is being

created at the higher levels

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.6)

[48] Synchronicities

Participants stated that this was true about half of the time (mean Likert 2.9)

[53] Experiencing out of body experiences

Participants stated that this was true some of the time (mean Likert 2.3)

[56] Loss of the illusion of spatial separation

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.3)

[57] Loss of the sense of time

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 3.7)

[58] The sense of being on a path of Divine realization

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 4.1)

[59] Personal boundaries dissolving and merging with the Divine

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.5)

[60] Being a witness to the Divine

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.4)

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 [61] Identification with cosmic “emptiness” or “the void”

Participants stated that this was true half of the time (mean Likert 3.0)

10. Includes a direct mode of knowing

[27] The experience of expansion of personal viewpoint to include the opposite

viewpoint

Participants stated that this was true about half the time (mean Likert 3.0)

[29] Experiencing intense emotions

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 4.1)

[33] Increased love and compassion toward oneself or [34] others

Participants stated that this was true most of the time in both cases (mean Likert

4.2)

[35] Increased awareness of mind/body connection (integration)

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 4.2)

[36] Working through blocked energies (integration)

Participants stated that this was true about half of the time (mean Likert 2.9)

[40] The experience of wisdom resulting in an enlarged perspective

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.6)

[42] Psychospiritual birth and [43] death

Participants stated that this was true some of the time (mean Likerts 2.4 and 2.1)

[56] Loss of the illusion of spatial separation

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.3)

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[57] Loss of the sense of time

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 3.7)

[58] The sense of being on a path of Divine realization

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 4.1

[59] Personal boundaries dissolving and merging with the Divine

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.5)

[60] Being a witness to the Divine

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.4)

[61] Identification with cosmic “emptiness” or “the void”

Participants stated that this was true half of the time (mean Likert 3.0)

[86] Increased sense of sharing the experience with partner

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 3.8)

[87] Sense of perfection in one’s being that mirrors that of the Divine

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 3.8)

[89] Merging with the Divine

Participants stated that this was true about half of the time (mean Likert 3.2)

[90] Meeting the Divine

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.4)

11. Provides a methodology to transform modes of knowing

[71] Compared to normal consciousness greater mental clarity

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 3.9)

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 [75] Compared to normal consciousness, greater extra-sensory perception

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 3.8)

[86] Compared to normal consciousness, a greater sense of sharing one

experience

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 3.8)

[87] Compared to normal consciousness, a greater sense of perfection in one’s

being

Participants stated that this was true most of the time (mean Likert 3.8)

[89] Compared to normal consciousness, more merging with the Divine

Participants stated that this was true about half of the time (mean Likert 3.2)

[90] Compared to normal consciousness, more meeting the Divine

Participants stated that this was true more than half of the time (mean Likert 3.4)

12. Methodology is reliable

We would expect that, if EO is indeed a valid path to transcendence, practitioners

would rank transcendence-related questions (such as those above) with a 4 (true most of

the time) or 5 (true all the time). This was in fact the case, for the most part (see above),

except for the experience that, compared to normal consciousness, the participant was

merging with or meeting the Divine. Yet, these items were scored as being true more than

half the time.

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13. Pathway is powerful

[77] Persistence of the contribution of the insights experienced during EO in

terms of a positive contribution to the quality of the practitioner’s life

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.5)

[100] Persistence of positive feelings about oneself

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.4)

[101] Persistence of positive personality changes

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.4)

[102] Persistence of the sense of fulfillment

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.6)

[103] Persistence of experiencing oneself as compassionate

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.3)

[104] Persistence of experiencing oneself as more loving

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.7)

[110] The report that EO has contributed to one’s spirituality over the long term

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.3)

[112] The report that the practitioner plans to practice EO for the rest of their life

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.6)

[113] The report that the practitioner plans to develop their EO practice more

than it is at the time of the survey

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.5)

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 [114] The participant considers EO to be a valid spiritual path.

Participants stated that this was true almost all of the time (mean Likert 4.5)

Research Hypotheses

As stated in the discussion in chapter three, the Research Hypotheses are designed

to get at the unity or disparity of experience and sequellae in the “four dimensions” of

physical, emotional, mental and spiritual experience.

A. Men and women do not differ in their physical, emotional, mental or

spiritual experiences in EO.

As shown in Table 7, men were significantly likelier to experience Regular

Orgasm at an earlier age than women (11.3 years vs. 18.0, p < 0.001). Women were

likelier to experience EO with a partner, compared to men (74.4% of the time, compared

to 58.2%, p < 0.05), but both sexes were likelier to experience EO with a partner. When

with a partner, men were likelier to experience EO with intercourse, compared to with a

manual method (47% of the time vs. 25.4% for women, p 0.01). It was also men’s

favorite method of experiencing EO, whereas women preferred manual stimulation to

achieve EO.

Beyond these gender differences in history of achieving Regular and Expanded

Orgasm, however, there was a remarkable similarity between men and women in their

physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual experiences while in EO. In fact, few gender-

based differences on the items occurred, and those that did occur—while statistically

significant—may have little practical importance. For example, there were small

195
differences in the means for experiencing an expanded viewpoint that included its

opposite (M 2.6 Likert, F 3.3), the likelihood of experiencing intense negative emotions

(M 1.1, F 1.6), the likelihood of confronting and releasing memories (M 1.8, F 2.7), and

the feeling of being on a path of Divine realization (M 4.4, F 3.8).

B. Those with few and those with many EO partners in the past year do not

differ in their physical, emotional, mental or spiritual experiences in EO.

A few items in this subgroup achieved statistical significance. Those who were

engaged in EO less than 10 years were likelier to report experiencing a reality with no

sense of time (Likert 3.9 vs. 3.0, p < 0.05). They were also considerably likelier to report

that they met the Divine more than they did in their “normal state” (3.6 vs. 2.2, p < 0.05),

and somewhat likelier to report that feelings about themselves improved after EO (4.6 vs.

4.2, p < 0.05). Thus there was a slight or moderate trend for those newer to EO to report

that what they experienced during EO was different from their normal waking

consciousness in the spiritual domain but not the other three “dimensions.”

C. Those engaged in EO 10 or more years do not differ from those engaged

less than 10 years with respect to their physical, emotional, mental or

spiritual experiences in EO.

A few items in this subgroup achieved statistical significance. Those who were

engaged in EO less than 10 years were likelier to report experiencing a reality with no

sense of time (Likert 3.9 vs. 3.0, p < 0.05). They were also considerably likelier to report

that they met the Divine more than they did in their “normal state” (3.6 vs. 2.2, p < 0.05),

196
and somewhat likelier to report that feelings about themselves improved after EO (4.6 vs.

4.2, p < 0.05). Thus there was a slight or moderate trend for those newer to EO to report

that what they experienced during EO was different from their normal waking

consciousness in the spiritual domain but not the other three “dimensions.”

D. Those whose favorite method of achieving EO is intercourse do not differ

from those whose favorite method is manual with respect to their physical,

emotional, mental or spiritual experiences in EO.

Those who reported that their favorite method of achieving EO was intercourse

(versus manual), were significantly, and often importantly, likelier to report experiencing

guidance or wisdom in EO (Likert for I 4.1, M 3.1). They were also likelier to report loss

of personal boundaries (I 4.1, M 3.1), out-of-body experiences (I 3.0, M 1.9), and to

experience Divine realization (I 4.5, M 3.5), a sense of perfection in self mirroring the

perfection of the Divine (I 4.2, M 3.3) and a sense of perfection in the world mirroring

the perfection of the Divine (I 4.2, M 3.2). They also reported improved interpersonal

relationships following EO (I 4.7, M 4.2). They were likelier to report meeting the Divine

(I 3.81, M 2.7).

However, those whose favored method was manual stimulation were somewhat

likelier to state that they intended to continue to develop their practice (I 4.2, M 4.8),

though not that they planned to practice EO regularly or for the rest of their lives.

All results above stated to be significant achieved significance at better than the

0.05 level.

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 E. Those who usually or always use breathing as a way to enhance EO do not

differ from those who use breathing half the time or less, with respect to

their physical, emotional, mental or spiritual experiences in EO.

There were some significant and potentially meaningful differences between the

subgroup means on several items for this parameter. Frequent breath-users (F) were

likelier to use manual stimulation (as opposed to a device) when alone, compared to

infrequent breath-users (I) (F 68.9% of the time, I 32.9%, p << 0.01). They were also

likelier to achieve EO with intercourse (compared to a manual method) when with a

partner (F 42.2% of the time, I 23.5%, p < 0.05).

There were small, but statistically significant, trends toward infrequent breath-

users finding their viewpoint expanding to include its opposite (Likert I 3.5, F 2.7),

experiencing intense negative emotions (Likert I 1.7, F 1.2), and confronting intense

memories (Likert I 1.7, F 1.2).

On the other hand, frequent breath-users were likelier to report more awareness of

physical processes during EO compared to “normal” consciousness (Likert I 3.9, F 4.4),

to feel they were on a path of Divine realization in EO (Likert I 3.5, F 4.4), or to

experience meeting the Divine in EO (Likert I 2.8, F 3.7).

198