MRCP revision: commonly tested facts
Study online at [Link]/_7zwdo
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1mg prednisolone = ? hydrocortisone:4mg hydrocortisone
25.
Absence seizures prognosis:good: 90-95% become seizure free
in adolescence
Absolute risk reduction =:= (Control event rate) (Experimental event rate)
26.
Acne rosacea treatment: -:mild/moderate: topical
metronidazole - severe/resistant: oral tetracycline
27.
Acromegaly diagnosis?:oral glucose tolerance with growth
hormone measurements
28.
Actions of BNP:- vasodilator - diuretic and natriuretic suppresses both sympathetic tone and the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system
29.
30.
Activated protein C resistance =:Factor V Leiden, the most
common inherited thrombophilia
Acute myeloid leukaemia - good prognosis:(15;17)
31.
Acute myeloid leukaemia - poor prognosis:deletion of
chromosome 5 or 7
32.
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Acute promyelocytic leukaemia translocation:- t(15;17)
Addison's disease:short synacthen test is the best test to
diagnose
33.
Adenosine interactions:dipyridamole enhances effect aminophylline reduces effect
34.
ADPKD type 1 chromosome:chromosome 16 = 85% of cases
35.
Adrenal cortex - what part releases what?:Mnemonic GFR ACD
1) Glomerulosa (outer): Aldosterone
2) Fasciculata (middle): Cortisol
3) Reticularis (on inside): DHEA and androgens
36.
37.
Adrenaline induced ischaemia treatment:- phentolamine
Adult Life Support (ALS) adrenaline doses -:anaphylaxis:
0.5ml 1:1,000 IM - cardiac arrest: 10ml 1:10,000 IV or 1ml of
1:1000 IV
38.
AF treatment: young man, no TIA or risk factors,:no
treatment is now preferred to aspirin
39.
Alcohol withdrawal time to symptoms/signs:symptoms: 612 hours - seizures: 36 hours - delirium tremens: 72 hours
40.
Allopurinol MoA:inhibits xanthine oxidase
41.
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency inheritance:autosomal
recessive / co-dominant
42.
Alport's syndrome inheritance:X-linked dominant (in the
majority)
43.
22.
Amiodarone MoA:Blocks potassium channels
44.
23.
Animal bite treatment:co-amoxiclav
21.
24.
Ankylosing spondylitis: CFs:Features - the 'A's
Apical fibrosis (CXR)
Anterior uveitis
Aortic regurgitation
Achilles tendonitis
AV node block
Amyloidosis
And cauda equina syndrome
45.
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Anorexia features -:most things low - G's and C's raised: growth
hormone, glucose, salivary glands, cortisol, cholesterol,
carotinaemia
Antiphospholipid syndrome: APPT, PLTs:Paradoxically
prolonged APTT + low platelets
Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy
treatment:aspirin + LMWH
Antiphospholipid syndrome: key triad of
features:arterial/venous thrombosis, miscarriage, livedo
reticularis
Antipsychotics in the elderly -> risk of?:stroke and VTE
Antithrombotic therapy in bioprosthetic vs mechanical
heart valves:- bioprosthetic: aspirin - mechanical: warfarin +
aspirin
Aortic dissection - Type A:type A - ascending aorta - control
BP(IV labetalol) + surgery
Aortic dissection - Type B:type B - descending aorta - control
BP(IV labetalol), no surgery
Aortic stenosis management::AVR if symptomatic, otherwise
cut-off is gradient of 50 mmHg
Aortic stenosis - most common cause <65 yrs::bicuspid aortic
valve
Aortic stenosis - most common cause >65 yrs::calcification
Associations between hypermetropia/myopia and
glaucoma?:Acute angle closure glaucoma is associated with
hypermetropia, where as primary open-angle glaucoma is
associated with myopia
Associations in mesangiocapillary / membranoproliferative
GN. Type 1 vs Type 2:type 1: cryoglobulinaemia, hepatitis C type 2: partial lipodystrophy
Asthma diagnosis - first line investigation in high
probability?:Start treatment
Asthma diagnosis - first line investigation in intermediate
probability?:Spirometry
Asymmetrical symptoms in PD suggest what
cause?:Idiopathic Parkinson's
ATN or prerenal uraemia?:In prerenal uraemia think of the
kidneys holding on to sodium to preserve volume
Atrial fibrillation - cardioversion rx::amiodarone + flecainide
Atrial fibrillation: rate control rx -:beta blockers (preferable
to digoxin)
Atrial natriuretic peptide - effect on vessels?:Atrial natriuretic
peptide - powerful vasodilator
Autosomal dominant conditions tend to be ?? - with what
exceptions?:Structural. Exceptions = hyperlipidaemia type II,
hypokalaemic periodic paralysis
Autosomal recessive conditions tend to be ?? with what
exceptions?:Metabolic. Exception = inherited ataxias
Bartter's syndrome ?:AR inherited cause of hypokalaemia
associated with normotension
48.
Benzodiazepines enhance the effect of which
neurotransmitter?:GABA, the main inhibitory
neurotransmitter
76.
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49.
Beta-blocker overdose management::atropine + glucagon
78.
50.
Bisphosphonates MoA:inhibit osteoclasts
79.
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Bosentan - MoA, uses?:endothelin-1 receptor antagonist used
if negative response to acute vasodilator testing in pulmonary
hypertension
Bronchiectasis: most common organism?:Haemophilus
influenzae
81.
BTS COPD: breathless despite PRN inhalers, and FEV1 <
50%:LABA + ICS or LAMA
82.
BTS COPD: breathless despite PRN inhalers, and FEV1 >
50%::LABA or LAMA
Bullous pemphigoid key features?:Subepidermal,
hemidesmosomal BP antigens, rarely involves mucosa, tense
pruritic blisters, older people
84.
85.
Burning thigh pain - ?nerve compression:? meralgia
paraesthetica - lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh compression
86.
Calculating breakthrough morphine dose?:1/6th of daily
morphine dose
87.
Causes of gingival hyperplasia?:phenytoin, ciclosporin, calcium
channel blockers and AML
Causes of raised prolactin?:pregnancy - prolactinoma physiological - polycystic ovarian syndrome - primary
hypothyroidism - phenothiazines, metoclopramide,
domperidone
Causes of raised transfer factor?:asthma, haemorrhage, leftto-right shunts, polycythaemia
Cerebellar signs, contralateral sensory loss & ipsilateral
Horner's =:Lateral medullary syndrome - PICA lesion Cetuximab - MoA?:monoclonal antibody against the epidermal
growth factor receptor
Change to steroid dose in people on long term tx if
intercurrent illness?:Double doses
Chemo agent associated with hypomagnesaemia?:Cisplatin
Chickenpox exposure in pregnancy - first step?:check
antibodies
Chlamydia - treatment:treat with azithromycin or doxycycline
Choosing prosthetic heart valves:mechanical valves last
longer and tend to be given to younger patients
Ciclosporin + tacrolimus - MOA::inhibit calcineurin thus
decreasing IL-2
Ciclosporin side-effects:everything is increased - fluid, BP, K+,
hair, gums, glucose
CLL - investigation of choice?:immunophenotyping
72.
CLL - treatment?:chlorambucil
73.
Clopidogrel MoA::inhibits ADP binding to platelet receptors
75.
83.
Burkitt's lymphoma - gene translocation?:c-myc
71.
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Clotting factors affected by warfarin?:Mnemonic = 1972
(Simon) - 10, 9, 7 and 2.
Cluster headache - acute treatment:subcutaneous
sumatriptan + 100% O2
88.
Collapse + ARF =:--> rhabdomyolysis - treat with IV fluids
Collapsing pulse - which congenital heart defect?:Patent
ductus arteriosus Colorectal cancer screening - PPV of FOB:= 5 - 15%
Combined B- and T-cell disorders:SCID WAS ataxic (SCID,
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, ataxic telangiectasia)
Common antibiotic causes of cholestasis:Flucloxacillin + coamoxiclav
Common cause of tumour lysis syndrome?:Burkitt's
lymphoma
Common topical steroids and their potency?:moderate:
Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% - potent: Betamethasone valerate
0.1% - very potent: Clobetasol propionate 0.05%
Complete heart block following a MI?:- right coronary artery
lesion
Complete heart block following an ANterior MI - ?pacing:is
AN indication for pacing, unlike with an inferior MI
Complete heart block following an INferior MI - ?pacing:Is
Not an indication for pacing, unlike with an anterior MI
Congenital heart disease - acyanotic - most common
cause::acyanotic: VSD most common cause
Congenital heart disease - cyanotic - most common
cause::TGA most common at birth, Fallot's most common overall
Contraindications to lung cancer surgery:SVC obstruction,
FEV < 1.5, MALIGNANT pleural effusion, and vocal cord paralysis
89.
COPD - when to start LTOT?:2 measurements of pO2 < 7.3 kPa
90.
Cryptosporidium diarrhoea Rx:Supportive therapy
91.
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97.
CT head showing temporal lobe changes - think
what?:herpes simplex encephalitis
CT most commonly associated with PBC:Sjogren's syndrome
Cushing's syndrome - best test to diagnose?:overnight
dexamethasone suppression test
Cyclophosphamide SE::haemorrhagic cystitis - prevent with
mesna
Dermatophyte nail infections Rx:- use oral terbinafine
Detecting occupational asthma?:Serial peak flow
measurements at work and at home
Diabetes diagnosis::fasting > 7.0, random > 11.1 - if
asymptomatic need two readings
HbA1c of 6.5% or greater is now diagnostic (WHO 2011)
98.
Diagnosing insulinoma?:supervised prolonged fasting
99.
Diagnosing systemic mastocytosis?:Urinary histamine
DiGeorge syndrome = affects what type of cell?:- a T-cell
disorder
100.
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Digoxin - MoA:inhibits the Na+/K+ ATPase pump
102.
Dipyridamole - MoA:inhibits phosphodiesterase
Disproportionate microcytic anaemia - think?:think betathalassaemia trait
103.
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Diuretic cause of hypercalcaemia?:Thiazides
Drug metabolism - phase I components?:oxidation,
reduction, hydrolysis
105.
106.
Drug metabolism - phase II components?:conjugation
Drugs with zero-order (saturation) kinetics -:phenytoin alcohol
107.
135.
Genital ulcers - painless::syphilis > lymphogranuloma
venereum + granuloma inguinale
136.
108.
DVLA advice following angioplasty -:cannot drive for 1 week
137.
109.
DVLA advice post CVA::cannot drive for 1 month
138.
110.
DVLA advice post MI -:cannot drive for 4 weeks
111.
DVLA advice post multiple TIAs::cannot drive for 3 months
112.
DVLA restriction post-seizure:6 months
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with which
malignancy?:thyroid lymphoma
139.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis key features?:hypothyroidism +
goitre + anti-TPO
140.
Dystrophia myotonica - DM1 CFs:DM1 - distal weakness
initially - autosomal dominant - diabetes - dysarthria
141.
EBV: associated malignancies?:Burkitt's lymphoma Hodgkin's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
142.
EBV-associated malignancies:Burkitt's lymphoma
Hodgkin's lymphoma
nasopharyngeal carcinoma
HIV-associated central nervous system lymphomas
Hairy leukoplakia (non malignant).
143.
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117.
Eclampsia - first-line treatment:magnesium sulphate
HbA1C - when to recheck after change in therapy?:recheck
after 2-3 months
Head injury followed by lucid interval?:Epidural
haematoma
Hemiballism (involuntary, sudden, jerking movements) =
caused by?:damage to the subthalamic nucleus
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia inheritance:autosomal dominant
144.
HOCM - poor prognostic factor on echo =:septal wall
thickness of > 3cm
145.
Hodgkin's lymphoma - best prognosis =:lymphocyte
predominant
Epilepsy medication: first-line - generalised seizure::sodium
valproate -
146.
Epilepsy medication: first-line - partial
seizure::carbamazepine
147.
Episodic eye pain, lacrimation, nasal stuffiness occurring
daily - ?diagnosis:cluster headache
148.
Erythema nodosum is associated with a good prognosis in
what systemic condition?:sarcoidosis
149.
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ESR in polycythaemia rubra vera:low
Essential tremor: inheritance, aggravants /
relievants:Inheritance: AD
Aggravants: Arms outstretched
Relievants: Alcohol, propanolol
123.
Ethylene glycol toxicity management -:fomepizole. Also
ethanol / haemodialysis
124.
125.
Exenatide MoA:Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mimetic
Factor V Leiden mutation results in?:activated protein C
resistance
126.
127.
Farmers lung pathogen:Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula
Finasteride MoA:5 alpha-reductase inhibitor - inhibits
conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone
128.
Hodgkin's lymphoma - most common type =:nodular
sclerosing
Horner's syndrome - anhydrosis absent =:post-ganglionic
lesion: carotid artery
Horner's syndrome - anhydrosis of head, arm, trunk
=:central lesion: stroke, syringomyelia
Horner's syndrome - anhydrosis of just face =:pre-ganglionic
lesion: Pancoast's, cervical rib
150.
How names of ART drugs relate to function:HIV drugs, rule
of thumb:
NRTIs end in 'ine'
Pis: end in 'vir'
NNRTIs: nevirapine, efavirenz
151.
HRT: adding a progestogen increases the risk of?:breast
cancer
152.
HRT: unopposed oestrogen increases risk of?:endometrial
cancer
153.
Hypercholesterolaemia rather than
hypertriglyceridaemia::nephrotic syndrome, cholestasis,
hypothyroidism
154.
Finasteride treatment of BPH may take how long before
results are seen?:6 months
155.
First line investigation for PE according to current BTS
guidelines?:CTPA
156.
129.
130.
Flash pulmonary oedema, U&Es worse on ACE inhibitor,
asymmetrical kidneys: ?diagnosis:--> renal artery stenosis do MR angiography
131.
Hypertension - step 4 rx?:K+ < 4.5 then spironolactone - K+ >
4.5 then higher-dose thiazide-like diuretic
hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis - endocrine
condition?:Cushing's syndrome
157.
IgM paraproteinaemia -:?Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia
158.
Imatinib - MoA:= tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in CML
Impetigo - rx:topical fusidic acid --> oral flucloxacillin / topical
retapamulin
Fluctuating confusion/consciousness?:- subdural
haematoma
159.
Flushing, diarrhoea, bronchospasm, tricuspid stenosis,
pellagra - diagnosis?:--> carcinoid with liver mets
160.
132.
133.
134.
Gallop rhythm (S3) is an early sign of?:LVF
Glitazones: MoA:agonists of PPAR-gamma receptors
Goodpasture's syndrome - histology?:- IgG deposits on renal
biopsy - anti-GBM antibodies
Dysphagia affecting both solids and liquids from the start think?:achalasia
113.
Genital ulcers - painful::herpes >> chancroid
An important and common interaction with
statins?:Statins + erythromycin/clarithromycin - an important
and common interaction
Infective endocarditis - good prognosis:streptococcal
infection
161.
Infective endocarditis - strongest risk factor:previous
episode of infective endocarditis
162.
163.
Inferior MI -:right coronary artery lesion
Interpreting the ACR results:in non-diabetics an ACR greater
than 30 mg/mmol is considered clinically significant proteinuria
in diabetics microalbuminuria (ACR greater than 2.5 mg/mmol
in men and ACR greater than 3.5 mg/mmol in women) is
considered clinically significant
164.
165.
Investigation for Carcinoid:Diagnosis: urinary 5-HIAA
investigation of choice for upper airway compression:Flow
volume loop
166.
Isoniazid SEs::inhibits the P450 system, causes peripheral
neuropathy
167.
Isoretinoin adverse effects?:teratogenicity - females MUST be
taking contraception
low mood
dry eyes and lips
raised triglycerides
hair thinning
nose bleeds
168.
169.
ITP - rx:give oral prednisolone
JVP: C wave - physiological correlate:closure of the tricuspid
valve
170.
171.
JVP: giant v waves:tricuspid regurgitation
Kearns-Sayre syndrome -:mitochondrial inheritance - onset <
20-years-old - external ophthalmoplegia - retinitis pigmentosa
172.
Keloid scars - more common in who and what body
part?:young, black, male adults on the sternum
173.
174.
Key contraindication to buproprion?:epilepsy
Key treatments in migraine - acute vs prophylactic:acute: 5HT1 agonist - prophylaxis: beta-blocker
175.
Low levels of which type of complement are associated
with SLE?:C3, C4a and C4b
185.
macrophages containing Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)
granules:Whipple's disease jejunal biopsy
186.
Magnesium sulphate -monitoring:monitor reflexes +
respiratory rate
187.
188.
Main indication for HRT?:control of vasomotor symptoms
189.
malt workers' lung - pathogen:Aspergillus clavatus
Melanoma: single most important prognostic factor:the
invasion depth of the tumour
190.
Miller Fisher syndrome - CFs?:areflexia, ataxia,
ophthalmoplegia
191.
Most common cardiac defect in Turner's
syndrome?:Bicuspid aortic valve
192.
193.
Most common cause of endocarditis:Streptococcus viridans
Most common cause of endocarditis if < 2 months post
valve surgery:Staphylococcus epidermidis
194.
195.
Most common cause of occupational asthma?:Isocyanates
Most common cause of primary
hyperaldosteronism:Bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia is
the most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism
196.
most common cause of sudden cardiac death in the
young:HOCM
197.
Most common lung cancer type in non-smokers?:Lung
adenocarcinoma - peripheral lesion
198.
Most common presenting symptom in
myelofibrosis?:lethargy
199.
Most common psychiatric problem in Parkinson's
disease?:depression
200.
201.
Motor neuron disease - treatment::NIV is better than riluzole
Mucocutaneous ulceration following travel - key
differential?:Leishmania brasiliensis
202.
Legionella pneumophilia:is best diagnosed by the urinary
antigen test
203.
Mycoplasma diagnosis:Serology
204.
Nicotinic acid MoA:increases HDL levels
Lichen - planus::purple, pruritic, papular, polygonal rash on
flexor surfaces. Wickham's striae over surface. Oral involvement
common
205.
176.
177.
Lichen sclerosus::itchy white spots typically seen on the vulva
of elderly women
178.
179.
Liddle's syndrome::hypokalaemia + hypertension
Live attenuated vaccines -:BCG - MMR - oral polio - yellow
fever - oral typhoid
180.
Localising bitemporal hemianopia - upper quadrant defect
> lower quadrant defect.:= inferior chiasmal compression,
commonly a pituitary tumour
181.
Localising bitemporal hemianopia - upper quadrant defect
> lower quadrant defect.:= superior chiasmal compression,
commonly a craniopharyngioma
182.
183.
Loss of corneal reflex - key differential?:acoustic neuroma
Low CSF glucose but viral aetiology in meningitis?:Mumps
meningitis is associated with a low glucose in up to a third of
patients
184.
Nitric oxide - key effects:Vasodilation - mainly venodilation
Inhibits platelet aggregation
NSTEMI/unstable angina Rx. 6 month mortality risk >1.5%
vs 6m risk >3%:if > 1.5% clopidogrel for 12 months - if > 3%
angiography within 96 hours
206.
Obese T2DM with abnormal LFTs - think of what
disease?:non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
207.
Obesity - NICE bariatric referral cut offs:NICE bariatric
referral cut-offs
with risk factors (T2DM, BP etc): > 35 kg/m^2
no risk factors: > 40 kg/m^2
208.
Oxygen dissociation curve - shifts Left?:Lower oxygen
delivery - Lower acidity, temp, 2-3 DPG - also HbF,
carboxy/methaemoglobin -
209.
Oxygen dissociation curve - shifts Right?:Raised oxygen
delivery - Raised acidity, temp, 2-3 DPG
210.
Painful third nerve palsy - key differential?:posterior
communicating artery aneurysm
211.
Paraneoplastic features of lung cancer - squamous cell vs
small cell?:squamous cell: PTHrp, clubbing, HPOA - small cell:
ADH, ACTH, Lambert-Eaton syndrome
212.
Patients with Sjogren's syndrome have an increased risk of
which malignancy?:lymphoid malignancies
213.
PCI - biggest RF for stent thrombosis?:withdrawal of
antiplatelets
214.
Pemphigus vulgaris key features?:Epidermal, desmoglein 3,
involves mucosa, flaccid non-pruritic blisters, younger people
215.
PHaeochromocytoma -:give PHenoxybenzamine before
beta-blockers
216.
217.
Philadelphia translocation?:t(9;22)
242.
Rx Minimal change glomerulonephritis?:prednisolone
243.
Safest TCA in overdosage?:Lofepramine
Sarcoidosis CXR stages:1 = BHL - 2 = BHL + infiltrates - 3 =
infiltrates - 4 = fibrosis
244.
Sarcoidosis prognosis?:Majority of patients get better without
treatment
245.
246.
Screening for haemochromatosis -:general population:
transferrin saturation > ferritin - family members: HFE genetic
testing
Second heart sound (S2) - loud, soft, fixed split, reversed
split?:loud: hypertension - soft: AS - fixed split: ASD - reversed
split: LBBB
248.
Philadelphia translocation and prognosis?:good prognosis
in CML, poor prognosis in AML + ALL
249.
Pneumonia following influenza - pathogen?:Staphylococcus
aureus pneumonia
250.
218.
219.
220.
Pneumonia in an alcoholic - pathogen?:Klebsiella
221.
Polycythaemia rubra vera - genetic cause?:JAK2 mutation
Polycythaemia rubra vera progression?:around 5-15%
progress to myelofibrosis or AML
222.
Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy - CFs?:Last trimester,
may see vesicles, but no blistering
223.
Porphyria cutanea tarda - CFs?:blistering photosensitive rash
- hypertrichosis - hyperpigmentation
224.
225.
Post-natal depression incidence?:10% of women
Primary biliary cirrhosis - the M rule mnemonic?:IgM - antiMitochondrial antibodies, M2 subtype - Middle aged females
226.
Progressive supranuclear palsy CFs?:parkinsonism,
impairment of vertical gaze
227.
Prolactinoma management -medical or surgical?:medical
therapy is almost always first-line
228.
229.
PTH level in primary hyperparathyroidism:may be normal
Ptosis + dilated pupil vs Ptosis + constricted pupil:Ptosis +
dilated pupil = 3rd nerve palsy; Ptosis + constricted pupil =
Horner's
230.
231.
Pulsus alternans?:seen in left ventricular failure
Reason for ^sweating in acromegaly:sweat gland
hypertrophy
232.
Renal stones on x-ray:cystine stones: semi-opaque
urate + xanthine stones: radio-lucent
233.
234.
Renal tubular acidosis - anion gap?:normal anion gap
Restless leg syndrome - management:dopamine agonists
such as ropinirole
235.
Schistosoma haematobium:causes haematuria
247.
Septic arthritis - most common organism?:Staphylococcus
aureus
Signet ring cells =:Gastric adenocarcinoma
Signs suggesting TTP rather than HUS?:Neuro signs and
purpura point towards TTP
251.
Somatisation vs hypochondria:Somatisation = patient
concerned about Symptoms. Hypochondria = patient
concerned about underlying disease eg Cancer.
252.
253.
SSRI + NSAID interaction?:GI bleeding risk - give a PPI
SSRI with high incidence of discontinuation
symptoms?:Paroxetine
254.
Statins - MoA?:inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting
enzyme in hepatic cholesterol synthesis
255.
256.
Statistical power =:1 - the probability of a type II error
Streptococcus bovis endocarditis:is associated with
colorectal cancer
257.
258.
Streptococcus pneumoniae:is associated with cold sores
259.
Stroke thrombolysis time limit?:3 hours
Superiority vs equivalence vs non-inferiority. What sample
sizes?:Superiority trial --> large sample size needed.
260.
Symptom control in non-CF bronchiectasis?:inspiratory
muscle training + postural drainage
261.
Syringomyelia - CFs?:spinothalamic sensory loss (pain and
temperature)
262.
%tage of people with Hep C developing cirrhosis?:Liver
cirrhosis will develop in around 20-30% of patients over 20-30
years
263.
Taxanes (e.g. Docetaxel) MoA?:prevent microtubule
disassembly
264.
265.
Tear-drop poikilocytes ?:= myelofibrosis
236.
Rheumatoid arthritis - HLA association?:DR4
266.
Terlipressin - MoA?:= constriction of the splanchnic vessels
237.
Rises first following MI?:Myoglobin
267.
TNF-#alpha# inhibitors:may reactivate TB
Rx for Hypertension in diabetics -:ACE-inhibitors are firstline regardless of age
238.
Rx for Mycoplasma pneumonia:Macrolides. If allergic
=doxycycline
239.
240.
Rx Infertility in PCOS -:clomifene is superior to metformin
Rx metastatic bone pain:NSAIDs, bisphosphonates or
radiotherapy
241.
Trastuzumab (Herceptin) -:monoclonal antibody that acts on
the HER2/neu receptor
268.
269.
Trastuzumab (Herceptin) - important SE?:cardiotoxicity
270.
Tricyclic overdose - rx:give IV bicarbonate
271.
Trigeminal neuralgia - first-line Rx?:carbamazepine
272.
TTP first-line Rx?:Plasma exchange
273.
Type of bladder cancer association with schistosomiasis:SchistoSomiaSiS is a risk factor for SquamouS cell bladder cancer
274.
Types of cells seen in CLL?:CLL is caused by a monoclonal proliferation of B-cell lymphocytes
275.
Urinary incontinence + gait abnormality + dementia. Diagnosis?:normal pressure hydrocephalus
276.
Urticaria - common drug cause?:Aspirin
277.
URTI symptoms + amoxicillin --> rash:?glandular fever
278.
U waves on ECG:Hypokalaemia -
279.
Variables used to calculate eGFR?:CAGE - Creatinine, Age, Gender, Ethnicity
280.
Ventricular tachycardia - which antiarrhythmic is contraindicated?:verapamil
281.
Viagra contraindications:contraindicated by nitrates and nicorandil
282.
Vigabatrin - important SE?:V for Vigabatrin - V for Visual field defects
283.
Vincristine - important SE?:peripheral neuropathy
Visual changes secondary to drugs - blue vision? Yellow-green vision?:blue vision: Viagra ('the blue pill') - yellow-green vision:
digoxin
284.
285.
What drugs are now preferred to thiazides in the treatment of hypertension?:Calcium channel blockers
286.
What is rheumatoid factor?:IgM antibody against IgG
287.
What should you check before starting azathioprine?:Check thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency (TPMT) before treatment
288.
When to start allopurinol in gout?:>= 2 attacks in 12 month period.
289.
Which antiepileptic is safe in breast feeding?:Breast feeding is acceptable with nearly all anti-epileptic drugs
290.
Which cytokine is most important in pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis?:TNF
291.
Wilson's disease: diagnosis:- serum caeruloplasmin is decreased
292.
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - CFs:epigastric pain and diarrhoea
