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Turbomachinery
TEP 4195
Krst
Hydraulic Machinery
Thermal Machinery
Turbomachinery
TEP 4195
Lectures
Monday
1515 1700
Place: F6
Friday
0815 1000
Place: F2
Tutorials
Tuesday
1715 1800
Place:
R10
Examination
Written exam 26th May
Homework/ exercises
Hydraulic Machinery:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Energy Diagram
Pelton Turbine
Francis turbine
Blade channel
Thermal Machinery:
Case 1: Thermodynamics and
Compression
Case 2: Gas Turbine Compression
and Expansion
Case 3: Combustion, Performance and
Emissions
Case 4: Turbine Aerodynamic
Performance
Case 5: Gas Turbine Cycles
Exercises are compulsory
Cases for self studies
Curriculum
Lecture notes
Grunnkurs i Hydrauliske Strmningsmaskiner
Compendium
Author: Hermod Brekke
Chapter 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10
Pumper og Turbiner
Compendium
Author: Hermod Brekke
Chapter 1 - 11
Mechanical Equipment
Compendium
Author: Arne Kjlle
Chapter 1 - 9
Gas Turbine Theory
Authors: HIH Saravanamuttoo, CFC Rogers, H
Cohen, PV Stranzinicky
ISBN: 0132224372 or 9780132224376
6th Edition (5th Edition will work as well)
Thermal Turbomachinery
Gas Turbine
Compressor
Turbo Expander
Steam Turbine
Thermal Turbomachinery
Gas Turbines in Aviation:
3.32 Billion passengers/y
19 813 Airplanes
43 391 Gas turbines
/
Thermal Turbomachinery
Aviation
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Turbojet (F16)
Altitude [m]
- Turbo-prop; Propeller, Dash
- Turbofan; Fan and Jet, B737, MD80/90
- Turbojet; Jet, may incl. afterburner, F16, F35
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Turbofan
Turboprop (Dash)
Mach number
1.0
PW4000 (2.84 m) Fan Engine
Boeing 777-200/-300 (Rolls Royce, GE engine fitted for B777)
(B737, MD80/90)
2.0
3.0
Thermal Turbomachinery
Airfoil Design
Thermal Turbomachinery
Thermal Turbomachinery Onshore and Offshore Norway
Gas Turbines;
Power range 1.5 180 MW (~ 320)
Steam Turbines;
Power range 1.5 40 MW (~ 10)
Gas Compressors;
Power range 0.5 65 MW (~ 780)
Turbo Expanders;
Power range 2.3 12 MW (~ 20)
Wet Gas Compressors:
Power range 3 14 MW (~ 8)
L E Bakken
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Thermal Turbomachinery
Emissions:
At same power level; Methane fuel has approx.
20 % less CO2 emissions than Propane
Emission Taxes:
CO2 and NOx
Operational Costs:
Emissions (CO2 and NOx )
Fuel
Maintenance
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Thermal Turbomachinery
Challenge;
The 3E:
Environment
Emissions
Efficiency
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Hydro Power Plants
Tjrhom Power Plant
Power: 2 x 60 MW
Head: 158 m.
Flow rate: 2 x 42 m3/s
Francis turbines
Ref. Sira-Kvina Kraftselskap
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Energy production in the world
Source: IEA - Key World Energy STATISTICS 2014
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Electricity production in the world
Source: IEA - Key World Energy STATISTICS 2014
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Producers of hydro electricity*
Source: IEA - Key World Energy STATISTICS 2014
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Hydro power in the world
source: IPCC 2011
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Norwegian Hydropower
Status per 1st January 2014
1476 power plants
Installed capacity: 30.960 MW
Production: 131,6 TWh
Size
Number
Total
Power
Annual
production
[MW]
[-]
[MW]
[GWh/r]
Mini hydro
0 -1
554
175
800
Small hydro
1 - 10
587
1.989
8.300
Large hydro
10 -100
255
9.523
43.000
Large hydro
> 100
80
19.273
79.500
Source: NVE
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Data from Norwegian Power Plants
Power Plant
Kvilldal
Sima
Tonstad
Aurlans I
Tokke
Evanger
Brokke
Svartisen
Nedre Vinstra
Skjomen
Aura
Jostedal
Installed
Capasity
[MW]
1 240
1 120
960
675
430
330
330
310
308
300
290
286
Annual
Average
Production
Price
Income
[GWh]
[NOK/kWh] [MNOK/year]
2 913
0,4
1 165
2 812
0,4
1 125
3 666
0,4
1 466
1 956
0,4
782
2 142
0,4
857
1 229
0,4
492
1 417
0,4
567
1 200
0,4
480
1 212
0,4
485
1 085
0,4
434
1 605
0,4
642
867
0,4
347
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Nea Power Plant
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Sira-Kvina
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Ulla- Frre
Source: Statkraft
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Hydro power plants
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Hydraulic Machinery
Jostedal Power Plant
Sogn og Fjordane
Norway
Source: GE Hydro
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Pump-turbine power plant
Duge Power Plant:
Power: 2 x 100 MW
Head: 215 m.
Flow rate in turbine mode: 2 x 53 m3/s
Flow rate in pump mode: 2 x 42 m3/s
Ref. Sira-Kvina Kraftselskap
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Pump storage power plant
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Energiforbuk i
Norge:
130 TWh
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Wind and Hydropower - Example
Import of excess waste wind power to Norway
15000 MW for 1500 hours
= 22,5 TWh
Storage in Norwegian reservoirs
5000 MW reduced generation
= 7,5 TWh
10000 MW pumping, efficiency 0.7
= 10,5 TWh
Export of Premium Peaking Power
15000 MW for 1200 hours
= 18 TWh
Result: 18 TWh renewable generation and a
huge amount of reduced emissions
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Thanks
