Mechatronics

What is it?

Involves technologies of

concept of working
smarter not harder
and to inexpensively
get the most work done

definition

history
Mechanical

may be defined as
began in
1969 in Japan

Synergistic combination
of precision Mechanical,
electronic control and
systems

Electrical
Tetsura Mori- sr. engineer
for Yaskawa Electric Corp

or
Integration of
electronics, control
engineering and
Mechanical engineering
depends on

Electronic

or
Interdisciplinary field of
engineering dealing with
design of products

coined
the
name
which after strictly viewed as
electro-mechanical systems or
control and automation
engineering

Computer

Control
engg.

Electrically
controlled fluid
valves & relays

Evolution of
Mechatronics

example

bases to
represent

Sensors
&
actuators

levels

I/O devices
Next gen.
machines

Smart
mechanisms

Primary level
mechatronics

Robots

to work in
Variety of
environments

Factory
automation

Intelligent ctrl.
of mechatronic
sys.

Secondary level
mechatronics
example

Third level
mechatronics

Intelligence and
Fault detection &
isolation (FDI)
home
automation

office
automation

Fourth level
mechatronics

Cassette
Player

incorporates
Feed back
functions

Control of electrical
motor to activate

Ind. Robots, hard disk,

CD drives, automatic
Washing m/c, etc.

Mechatronics
Advantages

Disadvantages

1.

High degree of flexibility

1.

Initial cost is high

2.

Greater extent of machine utilization

2.

Knowledge of different engineering

fields is required

3.

Capital expenses are reduced.(Since

sensors and control systems are
integrated in a complex system.

3.

Specific problems of various systems

will have to be addressed separately
and properly

4.

Converting old system to mechatronic

system is more expensive

4.

Mechatronic products are cost

effective and have very good quality

5.

Performance is better than a single

component which is synergised to
form a mechatronic product.

6.

Mechatronic approach results in

- greater productivity
- higher quality producing reliability

Mechatronic
System

Input
(Power)
may be considered as a
closed setup having

Input

Closed
Set-up

rotation

Motor

Output

we dont know / not

dealing with what
happening inside

But we know
the relation
between Input &
Output

Input
Electric Power

Motor

Output
Rotary motion

Example: Representation diagram of such a system

Mechatronic
System

also referred as

Smart device

which includes vast no. of

devices

Electro
Mechanical
devices

when
embedded
with

results in

systems

More flexibility

More control
possibilities

MicroControllers

Mechatronic
System
Mechanical system.

Components

Actuators

Solenoids, DC & Stepper

motors, Hydraulics,
Pneumatics, Servo motors,
voice coils, etc

Sensors

Input signal
conditioning &
Interfacing
Digital control
architectures
Output signal
conditioning and
interfacing

Graphical displays

Actuators

LEDs,
Digital displays,
LCD, CRT
Graphical

Sensors

Displays
O/P signal
cond. &
Interfacing

Amplifiers,
DAC, DDC,
Power Transistors,
Power Op-Amps,
etc.

Switches,
Potentiometers,
Strain gauge,
Thermocouples,
accelerometer,
etc.

I/P signal
cond. &
Discrete circuits,
Interfacing

Digital
control
architectures
Micro-Controller,
Logic circuits, Logic & Arithmetic,
Sequencing & Timing,, Control
algorithms, etc..

Amplifiers,
Filters, ADC,
DDC, etc.

Functions of
Mechatronic System Components

Actuators

Sensors

Digital devices

Conditioning &
Interfacing
circuits

Graphical
displays

controls

produces
some motion

causes some
action

System
Parameters

provides
detect the
state of

Inputs

connects

the System

Outputs

Visual
feedback to
users
Control
circuits

I/P & O/P

devices

Mechatronic
System

examples

Home
Appliances
examples
Home Appliances
Bread machines
etc.

Automobiles

Automated
Manufacturing

Aircraft

examples

examples

examples

Electrical fuel
injection

Flight control

Robots

Antilock braking
system
etc.

Navigation
systems
etc.

NC
Machine tools
etc.

Mechatronic
System
very good example

major components

Analog circuit

Controlling lamps

Digital circuit

Control digital
displays

Heaters

Indicator lights

Other power circuits

Buttons & Switches

Microprocessor

Co-ordinates
all the
functions in
the machine

Servo & Stepper

motors
Loading /
transporting paper
turning the drum
indexing the sorter

Output
(Scale Reading)

Measurement
Systems

Input Qty.
(Temperature)

may be considered as
a simple black box
used to make
measurements

but it has
Input
Temperature

Thermometer

Output
Reading on scale

Example: Representation diagram of such a system

Measurement
Systems

has three elements

Transducer /
Sensor

Signal
Processor

is a

records or displays

Sensing
device

Filters and Amplifies

the output

converts

Physical input

Recorder /
Display

Output

(voltage)

the amplified output

from signal processor

Measurement
Systems
example

Temperature measurement by Digital

thermometer

Thermocouple
Amplifier

LED Display

A/D &
display
recorder

Sensor

Signal Processor

Recorder

* Thermocouple - converts - temperature to voltage

* Amplifier increases - the magnitude of the voltage
* ADC converts - the analogue voltage to digital signal

* LEDs displays - the value of temperature