November 8, 2016
The Mole Concept
CAPE Chemistry Unit I
Stoichiometric calculations using the table method
m
, where n = number of particles in mol, m = absolute mass in g
Mr
Mr = relative molecular mass in g / mol
basic equation n=
Procedure for the table method:
Example:
How many grams of water does the explosion of 10 g of hydrogen generate?
1.
Write down the reaction equation: 2H2 + O2 2H2O
2.
Create the table.
3.
Enter the formulae of all substances involved in the first column.
4.
Calculate the relative molecular masses of the substances involved (with the aid of the
periodic table)
5.
Using the basic equation of stoichiometry, calculate the third quantity in that line, in
which two values have already been entered.
6.
Now use the stoichiometric coefficients of the reaction equation to determine particle
numbers that are still unknown.
7.
Complete the remaining fields.
8.
Verify as a check whether the conservation of mass is met.
(10 g + 79.2079 g = 89.2079 g)
9.
Give an answer to the question: 89.2079 g of water are formed from 10 g of hydrogen.
(and 79.2079 g of oxygen)
formula
3.) H2
molar mass
(g/mol)
4.) 2.02
mass
(g)
10
3.) O2
3.) H2O
4.) 32.00
4.) 18.02
7.) 79.2079
7.) 89.2079
number of particles
(mol)
10
=4.9505
5.)
2.02
6.) 2.47525
6.) 4.9505
Worksheet on Stoichiometry
(use the table method to answer the following questions)
1.
What mass of iron and sulphur are required to produce 70 g of iron(II)-sulphide?
2.
What mass of iron(II)-sulphide is formed from 40 g of iron?
3.
8 g of iron and sulphur are mixed (synthesis of ferrous sulphide).
Which element is in excess?
What mass of it remains after the synthesis?
4.
Calculate the percentage (% by mass) of iron in iron(III)-oxide.
5.
What mass of iron(II, III)-oxide (Fe3O4) is produced from 10 g of iron?
6.
What mass of iron is required to produce 20 g of ferric oxide.
Morant Bay High School
Dr. P. Dollenmeier
November 8, 2016
The Mole Concept
CAPE Chemistry Unit I
7.
How many grams of copper are in 30g of copper(I)-oxide?
8.
What mass of iron is required to react with 25 g of mercury(II)-oxide?
2Fe + 3HgO Fe2O3 + 3Hg
9.
What mass and volume of O2 (r.t.p. = normal conditions, 25 C, 101.3 kPa) are
required to completely convert 2 g of white phosphorus to phosphorus(V)-oxide?
P4 + 5O2 P4O10
10.
Potassium chlorate (KClO3) is thermally decomposed. How many dm3 of O2 (r.t.p.)
can be prepared from 100 g of potassium chlorate at 90% yield?
(1 mole of each gas occupies 24 dm3 volume at r.t.p.)
2 KClO3 2 KCl + 3 O2
11.
Chlorine can be rendered harmless with sodium thiosulphate pentahydrate. What
volume of chlorine (r.t.p.) can be converted with 6.25g Na2S2O3 . 5 H2O?
4 Cl2 + Na2S2O3 . 5 H2O 8 HCl + 2 NaHSO4
12.
1.63 g of chromium oxide gave 1.12 g of chromium in the analysis. Determine the
empirical formula of the chromium oxide.
13.
When heating 1 g of a compound, 0.45 g of oxygen is formed. The residue consists
of sodium chloride, NaCl. Enter the ratio formula of the starting substance.
Solve tasks 1 to 8 also using the table method.
Task 1:
How much copper(I)-sulphide (Cu2S) can be produced from a copper plate (Cu) of 0.623 g
mass?
Task 2:
How many grams of iron(II)-sulphide (FeS) are produced by reacting 5.0 g of iron (Fe) with
an excess of sulphur (S8)?
Task 3:
A)
How many grams of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are produced by reacting 5.0 g of nitrogen
(N2) with 5.0 g of oxygen (O2)?
B)
How many grams of nitrogen remain?
Task 4:
Which mass of iron(III)-oxide (Fe2O3) is required for the production of 10 tons of elemental
iron?
Task 5:
Why doesnt 5.0 g of iron react with 5.0 g of sulphur (S8) to 10.0 g of iron(II)-sulphide, FeS?
Task 6:
Morant Bay High School
Dr. P. Dollenmeier
November 8, 2016
The Mole Concept
CAPE Chemistry Unit I
Glucose (C6H12O6) can be fermented by means of yeast fungi to the drinking alcohol (ethanol,
C2H6O) and carbon dioxide. How many grams of alcohol and carbon dioxide can be formed
from 100 g of glucose?
Task 7:
The most environmentally friendly cars consume about 3 litres of gasoline on a 100 km trip.
What mass of climate-damaging carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced on such a journey? What is
the volume of this CO2?
Use the formula of pure octane (C8H18) for petrol. Octane has a density of 0.698 kg/dm3. For
combustion, of course, oxygen is needed and water is generated in addition to CO2.
Task 8:
Camels can store the fat tristearine (C57H110O6) in their buckles. The fat is storage for energy,
but also for water. To release the energy and the water, the fat in the body cells is burned with
the help of oxygen to water and carbon dioxide.
A)
How much water is released when the mass of a camels buckle decreases by 3.0 kg
and the buckle is 80% of mass of tristearine?
B)
What is the minimum air volume required for this reaction? Note: Air is only about
21% of the volume of oxygen.
Morant Bay High School
Dr. P. Dollenmeier
