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Laboratory Tutorial3

This document describes an experiment comparing open loop and closed loop speed control of a DC motor. The objective is to show how closed loop control using feedback can improve speed regulation under varying load conditions compared to open loop control. The experimental setup involves operating the motor with constant and variable loads in open loop mode and measuring the performance. In closed loop mode, a tachogenerator signal proportional to motor speed will be compared to a reference signal to produce an error signal that regulates the servo amplifier output and maintains constant speed. Data on speed and error voltage under different loads and reference signals will be collected and analyzed to demonstrate the advantages of closed loop control.

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Tal Ha
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185 views3 pages

Laboratory Tutorial3

This document describes an experiment comparing open loop and closed loop speed control of a DC motor. The objective is to show how closed loop control using feedback can improve speed regulation under varying load conditions compared to open loop control. The experimental setup involves operating the motor with constant and variable loads in open loop mode and measuring the performance. In closed loop mode, a tachogenerator signal proportional to motor speed will be compared to a reference signal to produce an error signal that regulates the servo amplifier output and maintains constant speed. Data on speed and error voltage under different loads and reference signals will be collected and analyzed to demonstrate the advantages of closed loop control.

Uploaded by

Tal Ha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Laboratory Tutorial#3
1. Objective: Open loop vs closed control of speed of a D.C motor.
2. Equipment Required: Following equipment is required to perform
above task.
Quantity
1
1

Apparatus
OU150A

Operation Amplifier Unit

AU150B

Attenuator Unit

SA150D

Servo Amplifier

PS150E

MT150F

Motor-Tacho Unit

LU150L

Load Unit

Power Supply

3. Approximate Time Required: One to two Hours


4.

Discussion

Referring back to Laboratory Tutorial on motor characteristics, we have


developed a curve of signal input to the servo-amplifier against speed. This
means without any load you can set the motor to run at a specified speed by
determining the value of input signal. With an open loop system there can be
reasonable speed control when operating without load or with a fixed load.
But the open loop system would be very unsuitable if a variable load is
connected to motor shaft.
In this practical we are going to show the improvement that can result from
closing the loop and using feedback. That is, the actual speed will be
compared with required speed. This produces an error signal to actuate the
servo-amplifier output so that the motor maintains a constant speed.
5. Experimental Set Up
As a first experiment we will operate the motor in open loop under constant
and variable load conditions. The patch diagram for open loop speed control
is given in figure-1. Table-1 can be used here to analyze the performance of
the system under variable load conditions.

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In next experiment we will simply feedback a signal proportional to the


speed, using the Tachogenerator. We then compare it with a reference signal
of opposite polarity, so that the sum will produce an error signal proportional
to the difference between reference speed and actual speed of the motor.
The patch diagram of the simple closed loop speed control of a DC motor is
shown in figure-2.

Figure-1: Experimental set up (Armature Control Mode)


S.N
o

Tachogenerato
r volts (Vg)

Vin

No. of rotations
of low Speed
Shaft (a)

Speed in
rev/min
N=30a

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Table-1: Armature control d.c Motor Speed characteristics

Figure-2: Simple Closed Loop Speed Control of a DC Motor


Connect the potentiometer slider to an input of the operational amplifier. To
find out the effect of load on speed we can use the magnetic brake as a load.
[Link]

Reference
Voltage

Tachogenera
tor Voltage

Error
Voltage

Table-2: Closed Loop Speed Control


6. Conclusion

Speed
rev/min

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