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Constant in C Language

Constants in C refer to fixed values that do not change during program execution. The document discusses different types of constants in C including primary constants like integers and characters, and secondary constants like arrays. It provides examples of using #define directives and const qualifiers to declare constants and ensure values remain fixed.

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Krishna Eela
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609 views3 pages

Constant in C Language

Constants in C refer to fixed values that do not change during program execution. The document discusses different types of constants in C including primary constants like integers and characters, and secondary constants like arrays. It provides examples of using #define directives and const qualifiers to declare constants and ensure values remain fixed.

Uploaded by

Krishna Eela
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CONSTANT IN C LANGUAGE

Constants
This tutorial will cover Constants in C. Constants refers to the fixed values that do not change during the
execution of a program. A "constant" is a number, character, or character string that can be used as a
value in a program. Use constants to represent floating-point, integer, enumeration, or character values
that cannot be modified. C supports several types of constants that I am discussing in this article.
There may be a situation in programming that the value of certain variables to remain constant during
execution of a program. In doing so we can use a qualifier const at the time of initialization.
For example :
1. const float pie =3.147;
2. const int radius =4;
3. const char c = 'A';
4. const char name[] = "Samina Kauser";
In

constant

can

also

be

For example :
#define FIRST_NUMBER 1

1.

Note
1. const is a new data type qualifier in C defined by ANSI

Types of constant in C Language


1.

Primary Constant

Primary Constant have following sub categories


o

Integer Constant

Real constant

Character constant

2.

Secondary Constant

Secondary Constant have following sub categories


o

Array

Pointer Structure

used

using

preprocessor

directive

Union

Enum

Using Constant In Our Program


(a) Constant definitions typically follow the #include directives at the top of C source code:
1. #include<stdio.h>
2. #define SPEEDLIMIT 55
3. #define RATE 15
4. #define FIRST_TICKET 85
5. #define SECOND_TICKET 95
6. #define THIRD_TICKET 100
7. int main()
8.

9.

int total,fine,speeding; puts("Speeding Tickets\n");

10. /* first ticket */


11. speeding = FIRST_TICKET - SPEEDLIMIT;
12.

fine = speeding * RATE;

13.

total = total + fine;

14.

printf("For

going

%d

in

%d

zone:

in

%d

zone:

in

%d

zone:

$%d\n",FIRST_TICKET,SPEEDLIMIT,fine);
15. /* second ticket */
16.

speeding = SECOND_TICKET - SPEEDLIMIT;

17.

fine = speeding * RATE;

18.

total = total + fine;

19.

printf("For

going

%d

$%d\n",SECOND_TICKET,SPEEDLIMIT,fine);
20. /* third ticket */
21. speeding = THIRD_TICKET - SPEEDLIMIT;
22.

fine = speeding * RATE;

23.

total = total + fine;

24.

printf("For

going

%d

$%d\n",THIRD_TICKET,SPEEDLIMIT,fine);
25. /* Display total */
26.

printf("\nTotal in fines: $%d\n",total);

27.

return(0);

28.

(b) Constant using const keyword C programming:


When declaring a const variable, it is possible to put const either before or after the type: that is, both
1.

int const a = 15;

1.

const int x = 15;

Or

Following is a simple example


1.

main()

2. {
3.

const float pi = 3.14;

4.

float area_of_circle;

5.

area_of_circle = pi*r*r;

6.

printf("Area of circle is :%f",area_of_circle);

7.

Source : [Link]

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