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EMF Method

This method, also known as the synchronous impedance method, uses equivalent emfs to model the magnetic fluxes produced by the rotor and stator. It assumes an unsaturated magnetic circuit. The voltage regulation value obtained from this E.M.F. method is always higher than the actual value, making it a pessimistic method. To determine regulation using this method, the armature resistance, open circuit characteristics, and short circuit characteristics of the alternator must first be known. The synchronous impedance is then calculated as the ratio of the open circuit voltage to short circuit current at a given field current. From this and the armature resistance, the synchronous reactance and regulation can be determined using formulas involving impedance and reactance

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732 views2 pages

EMF Method

This method, also known as the synchronous impedance method, uses equivalent emfs to model the magnetic fluxes produced by the rotor and stator. It assumes an unsaturated magnetic circuit. The voltage regulation value obtained from this E.M.F. method is always higher than the actual value, making it a pessimistic method. To determine regulation using this method, the armature resistance, open circuit characteristics, and short circuit characteristics of the alternator must first be known. The synchronous impedance is then calculated as the ratio of the open circuit voltage to short circuit current at a given field current. From this and the armature resistance, the synchronous reactance and regulation can be determined using formulas involving impedance and reactance

Uploaded by

MadhuSudan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1. E.M.

F Method
This method is also known as synchronous impedance method. Here the
magnetic circuit is assumed to be unsaturated. In this method the MMFs (fluxes)
produced by rotor and stator are replaced by their equivalent emf, and hence called emf
method.
Compared to other methods, the value of voltage regulation obtained by the
synchronous impedance method is always higher than the actual value and
therefore this method is called the pessimistic method.
To predetermine the regulation by this method the following in formations are to
be determined.
Armature resistance /phase of the alternator
open circuit characteristics of the alternator
short circuit characteristics of the alternator
Determination of synchronous impedance Zs:

The ratio of open circuit voltage to the short circuit current at a particular field
current, or at a field current responsible for circulating the rated current is called the
synchronous impedance.

open circuit voltage per phase

Synchronous impedance Zs = short circuit current per phase

for same If

Armature resistance Ra of the stator can be measured using Voltmeter Ammeter


method. Using synchronous impedance and armature resistance synchronous
reactance and hence regulation can be calculated as follows using emf method.
Zs = [(Ra)2 + (XS)2]
Synchronous reactance Xs = [( Zs)2 - (Ra)2]
Hence induced emf per phase can be found as
Ef = [ (Vt cos + IaRa)2+ (Vt sin IaXS)2]
where Vt = phase voltage per phase = Vph
Ia = load current per phase
In the above expression in second term + sign is for lagging power factor and
sign is for leading power factor.
Find the Regulation using formula % Regulation =

Eph Vph
Vph

x 100

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