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160
SAILING DIRECTIONS
(PLANNING GUIDE)
SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
AND INDIAN OCEAN
Prepared and published by the
NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL-INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Springfield, Virginia
COPYRIGHT 2016 BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
NO COPYRIGHT CLAIMED UNDER TITLE 17 U.S.C.
2016
THIRTEENTH EDITION
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Internet: http://
bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800
Fax: (202) 512-2250 Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-0001
II
Preface
Pub. 160, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) South Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean, Thirteenth Edition, 2016, is issued
for use in conjunction with the following Sailing Directions
(Enroute) Publications:
Pub. 123, Pub. 124, Pub. 171, Pub. 172, Pub. 173,
Pub. 174, and Pub. 175.
Digital Nautical Charts 1, 2. 3, 4, 7, 10, and 14 provide electronic chart coverage for the area covered by this publication.
This publication has been corrected to 5 March 2016, including Notice to Mariners No. 10 of 2016. Subsequent updates
have corrected this publication to 27 August 2016, including
Notice to Mariners No. 35 of 2016.
7.
Mailing address:
Maritime Safety Office
National Geospatial-Intelligence
Agency
Mail Stop N64-SFH
7500 Geoint Drive
Springfield VA 22150-7500
New editions of Sailing Directions are corrected through the
date of publication shown above. Important information to
amend material in the publication is available is updated as
needed and available as a downloadable corrected publication
from the NGA Maritime Domain web site.
Explanatory Remarks
Sailing Directions are published by the National GeospatialIntelligence Agency (NGA) under the authority of Department
of Defense Directive 5105.40, dated 12 December 1988, and
pursuant to the authority contained in U. S. Code Title 10, Sections 2791 and 2792 and Title 44, Section 1336. Sailing Directions, covering the harbors, coasts, and waters of the world,
provide information that cannot be shown graphically on nautical charts and is not readily available elsewhere.
Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) are intended to assist
mariners in planning ocean passages and to eliminate duplication by consolidating useful information about all the countries
adjacent to a particular ocean basin in one volume.
Planning Guide publications are compiled and structured in
the alphabetical order of countries contained within the region
covered by each publication.
Bearings.Bearings are true, and are expressed in degrees
from 000 (north) to 360, measured clockwise. General bearings are expressed by the initial letters of the points of the compass (e.g. N, NNE, NE, etc.). Adjective and adverb endings
have been discarded. Wherever precise bearings are intended,
degrees are used.
Charts.Reference to charts made throughout this publication refer to both the paper chart and the Digital Nautical Chart
(DNC).
Corrective Information.Users should refer corrections,
additions, and comments to NGAs Maritime Operations Desk,
as follows:
1.
Toll free:
1-800-362-6289
2.
Commercial:
571-557-5455
3.
DSN:
547-5455
4.
DNC web site:
http://msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/
DNC.portal
5.
Maritime Domain website:
http://msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/
MSI.portal
6.
E-mail:
Pub. 160
NGA Maritime Domain Website
http://msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal
Courses.Courses are true, and are expressed in the same
manner as bearings. The directives steer and make good a
course mean, without exception, to proceed from a point of origin along a track having the identical meridional angle as the
designated course. Vessels following the directives must allow
for every influence tending to cause deviation from such track,
and navigate so that the designated course is continuously being made good.
Currents.Current directions are the true directions toward
which currents set.
Distances.Distances are expressed in nautical miles of 1
minute of latitude. Distances of less than 1 mile are expressed
in meters, or tenths of miles.
Geographic Names.Geographic names are generally
those used by the nation having sovereignty. Names in parentheses following another name are alternate names that may
appear on some charts. In general, alternate names are quoted
only in the principal description of the place. Diacritical marks,
such as accents, cedillas, and circumflexes, which are related to
specific letters in certain foreign languages, are not used in the
interest of typographical simplicity.
Geographic names or their spellings do not necessarily reflect recognition of the political status of an area by the United
States Government.
Heights.Heights are referred to the plane of reference
used for that purpose on the charts and are expressed in meters.
Internet Links.This publication provides Internet links to
web sites concerned with maritime navigational safety, including but not limited to, Federal government sites, foreign Hydrographic Offices, and foreign public/private port facilities.
NGA makes no claims, promises, or guarantees concerning the
accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the contents of these
web sites and expressly disclaims any liability for errors and
omissions in the contents of these web sites.
International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS)
Code.The ISPS Code is a comprehensive set of measures to
enhance the security of ships and port facilities developed in
response to the perceived threats to ships and port facilities in
the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States. Information
on the ISPS Code can be found at the International Maritime
III
Organization web site:
International Maritime Organization Home Page
http://www.imo.org
Lights and Fog Signals.Lights and fog signals are not described, and light sectors are not usually defined. The Light
Lists should be consulted for complete information.
Maritime Administration (MARAD) Advisories.MARAD Advisories rapidly disseminate information on maritime
dangers, safety, government policy, and other time-sensitive
matters pertaining to U.S.-flag vessel operations. MARAD Advisories are issued by the Office of Security to vessel masters,
ship operators, and other U.S. Maritime interests. Advisories
are communicated via telex or other message formats and are
published on the MARAD web site and in the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agencys Weekly Notice to Mariners.
Maritime Administration (MARAD) Home Page
http://www.marad.dot.gov/newsroom
National Ocean Claims.Information on national ocean
claims and maritime boundary disputes, which have been
compiled from the best available sources, is provided solely in
the interest of the navigational safety of shipping and in no way
constitutes legal recognition by the United States. These nonrecognized claims and requirements may include, but are not
limited to:
1. A requirement by a state for advance permission or notification for innocent passage of warships in the territorial
sea.
2. Straight baseline, internal waters, or historic waters
claims.
3. The establishment of a security zone, where a state
claims to control activity beyond its territorial sea for security reasons unrelated to that states police powers in its territory, including its territorial sea.
Radio Navigational Aids.Radio navigational aids and radio weather services are not described in detail. Publication
No. 117 Radio Navigational Aids and NOAA Publication, Selected Worldwide Marine Weather Broadcasts, should be consulted.
Soundings.Soundings are referred to the datum of the
charts and are expressed in meters.
Special Warnings.Special Warnings may be in force for
the geographic area covered by this publication. Special Warn-
ings are printed in the weekly Notice to Mariners upon promulgation and are reprinted annually in Notice to Mariners No. 1.
A listing of Special Warnings currently in force is printed in
each weekly Notice to Mariners, Section III, Broadcast Warnings, along with the notice number of promulgation. Special
Warnings are also available on the Maritime Domain website.
Time.Time is normally expressed as local time unless
specifically designated as Universal Coordinated Time (UTC).
Time Zone.The Time Zone description(s), as well as information concerning the use of Daylight Savings Time, are included. The Standard Time Zones of the World Chart is
available on the Internet at the web site given below.
Standard Time Zone of the World Chart
http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/theworld-factbook/graphics/ref_maps/physical/pdf/
standard_times_zones_of_the_world.pdf
Winds.Wind directions are the true directions from which
winds blow.
Reference List
The principal sources examined in the preparation of this
publication were:
British Hydrographic Office Sailing Directions.
Argentina Sailing Directions.
Brazil Sailing Directions.
South Africa Sailing Directions.
Fairplay Ports and Terminals
The Statesmans Yearbook
The World Factbook
Reports from United States Naval and merchant vessels
and various shipping companies.
Other U.S. Government publications, reports, and documents.
Charts, light lists, tide and current tables, and other documents in possession of the Agency.
Internet Web sites, as follows:
1. Department of State/U.S. Embassies.
http://usembassy.state.gov
2. IMB Piracy Reporting Center Home Page.
http://www.iccwbo.org/ccs/menu_imb_piracy.asp
3. World Factbook.
http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/
the-world-factbook
Pub. 160
IV
Pub. 160
Conversion Tables
Feet to Meters
Feet
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0
0.00
3.05
6.10
9.14
12.19
15.24
18.29
21.34
24.38
27.43
1
0.30
3.35
6.40
9.45
12.50
15.54
18.59
21.64
24.69
27.74
2
0.61
3.66
6.71
9.75
12.80
15.85
18.90
21.95
24.99
28.04
3
0.91
3.96
7.01
10.06
13.11
16.15
19.20
22.25
25.30
28.35
4
1.22
4.27
7.32
10.36
13.41
16.46
19.51
22.55
25.60
28.65
5
1.52
4.57
7.62
10.67
13.72
16.76
19.81
22.86
25.91
28.96
6
1.83
4.88
7.92
10.97
14.02
17.07
20.12
23.16
26.21
29.26
7
2.13
5.18
8.23
11.28
14.33
17.37
20.42
23.47
26.52
29.57
8
2.44
5.49
8.53
11.58
14.63
17.68
20.73
23.77
26.82
29.87
9
2.74
5.79
8.84
11.89
14.93
17.98
21.03
24.08
27.13
30.17
6
10.97
29.26
47.55
65.84
84.12
102.41
120.70
138.99
157.28
175.56
7
12.80
31.09
49.38
67.67
85.95
104.24
122.53
140.82
159.11
177.39
8
14.63
32.92
51.21
69.49
87.78
106.07
124.36
142.65
160.93
179.22
9
16.46
34.75
53.03
71.32
89.61
107.90
126.19
144.47
162.76
181.05
6
19.68
52.49
85.30
118.11
150.92
183.73
216.54
249.34
282.15
314.96
7
22.97
55.77
88.58
121.39
154.20
187.01
219.82
252.62
285.43
318.24
8
26.25
59.06
91.86
124.67
157.48
190.29
223.10
255.90
288.71
321.52
9
29.53
62.34
95.14
127.95
160.76
193.57
226.38
259.19
291.99
324.80
6
3.28
8.75
14.22
19.68
25.15
30.62
36.09
41.56
47.03
52.49
7
3.83
9.30
14.76
20.23
25.70
31.17
36.64
42.10
47.57
53.04
8
4.37
9.84
15.31
20.78
26.25
31.71
37.18
42.65
48.12
53.59
9
4.92
10.39
15.86
21.33
26.79
32.26
37.73
43.20
48.67
54.13
Fathoms to Meters
Fathoms
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0
0.00
18.29
36.58
54.86
73.15
91.44
109.73
128.02
146.30
164.59
1
1.83
20.12
38.40
56.69
74.98
93.27
111.56
129.85
148.13
166.42
2
3.66
21.95
40.23
58.52
76.81
95.10
113.39
131.67
149.96
168.25
3
5.49
23.77
42.06
60.35
78.64
96.93
115.21
133.50
151.79
170.08
4
7.32
25.60
43.89
62.18
80.47
98.75
117.04
135.33
153.62
171.91
5
9.14
27.43
45.72
64.01
82.30
100.58
118.87
137.16
155.45
173.74
Meters to Feet
Meters
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0
0.00
32.81
65.62
98.42
131.23
164.04
196.85
229.66
262.47
295.28
1
3.28
36.09
68.90
101.71
134.51
167.32
200.13
232.94
265.75
298.56
2
6.56
39.37
72.18
104.99
137.80
170.60
203.41
236.22
269.03
301.84
3
9.84
42.65
75.46
108.27
141.08
173.88
206.69
239.50
272.31
305.12
4
13.12
45.93
78.74
111.55
144.36
177.16
209.97
242.78
275.59
308.40
5
16.40
49.21
82.02
114.83
147.64
180.45
213.25
246.06
278.87
311.68
Meters to Fathoms
Meters
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Pub. 160
0
0.00
5.47
10.94
16.40
21.87
27.34
32.81
38.28
43.74
49.21
1
0.55
6.01
11.48
16.95
22.42
27.89
33.36
38.82
44.29
49.76
2
1.09
6.56
12.03
17.50
22.97
28.43
33.90
39.37
44.84
50.31
3
1.64
7.11
12.58
18.04
23.51
28.98
34.45
39.92
45.38
50.85
4
2.19
7.66
13.12
18.59
24.06
29.53
35.00
40.46
45.93
51.40
5
2.73
8.20
13.67
19.14
24.61
30.07
35.54
41.01
46.48
51.95
Abbreviations
The following abbreviations may be used in the text:
Units
C
cm
cu.m.
dwt
FEU
gt
kHz
degree(s) Centigrade
centimeter(s)
cubic meter(s)
deadweight tons
forty-foot equivalent units
gross tons
kilohertz
km
m
mb
MHz
mm
nrt
TEU
kilometer(s)
meter(s)
millibars
megahertz
millimeter(s)
net registered tons
twenty-foot equivalent units
Directions
N
NNE
NE
ENE
E
ESE
SE
SSE
north
northnortheast
northeast
eastnortheast
east
eastsoutheast
southeast
southsoutheast
S
SSW
SW
WSW
W
WNW
NW
NNW
south
southsouthwest
southwest
westsouthwest
west
westnorthwest
northwest
northnorthwest
Vessel types
LASH
LNG
LPG
OBO
NGL
Lo-lo
Lighter Aboard Ship
Liquified Natural Gas
Liquified Petroleum Gas
Ore/Bulk/Oil
Natural Gas Liquids
Lift-on Lift-off
Ro-ro
ULCC
VLCC
VLOC
FSO
FPSO
FSU
Roll-on Roll-off
Ultra Large Crude Carrier
Very Large Crude Carrier
Very Large Ore Carrier
Floating Storage and Offloading
Floating Production Storage and Offloading
Floating Storage Unit
Time
ETA
ETD
estimated time of arrival
estimated time of departure
GMT
UTC
Greenwich Mean Time
Coordinated Universal Time
Water level
MSL
HW
LW
MHW
MLW
HWN
HWS
LWN
mean sea level
high water
low water
mean high water
mean low water
high water neaps
high water springs
low water neaps
LWS
MHWN
MHWS
MLWN
MLWS
HAT
LAT
low water springs
mean high water neaps
mean high water springs
mean low water neaps
mean low water springs
highest astronomical tide
lowest astronomical tide
Communications
D/F
R/T
GMDSS
LF
direction finder
radiotelephone
Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
low frequency
MF
HF
VHF
UHF
medium frequency
high frequency
very high frequency
ultra high frequency
Navigation
LANBY
CALM
NAVSAT
ODAS
SBM
Large Automatic Navigation Buoy
Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring
Navigation Satellite
Ocean Data Acquisition System
Single Buoy Mooring
SPM
CBM
MBM
TSS
VTC
VTS
Single Point Mooring
Conventional Buoy Mooring System
Multi-Buoy Mooring System
Traffic Separation Scheme
Vessel Traffic Center
Vessel Traffic Service
Miscellaneous
AIS
COLREGS
Automatic Identification System
Collision Regulations
MMSI
No./Nos.
Maritime Mobile Service Identity Code
Number/Numbers
VI
Pub. 160
The following abbreviations may be used in the text:
IALA
IHO
IMO
IMDG
International Assoc of Lighthouse Authorities
International Hydrographic Office
International Maritime Organization
International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
PA
PD
Pub.
SOLAS
LOA
UKC
Length overall
Underkeel clearance
St./Ste.
ISPS
Position approximate
Position doubtful
Publication
International Convention for the Safety of
Life at Sea
Saint/Sainte
International Ship and Port Facility Security
Contents
Page
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II
ChartletSector Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV
Conversion Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI
COUNTRIES
ANGOLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ARGENTINA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
AUSTRALIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
BAHRAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
BANGLADESH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
BENIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
BRAZIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY . . . . . . . . . . . 79
BURMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
CAMEROON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
COMOROS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE . . . . . . 93
CONGO, REPUBLIC OF THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
DJIBOUTI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
EGYPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
EQUATORIAL GUINEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
ERITREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
FALKLAND ISLANDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
FRENCH GUIANA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
FRENCH SOUTHERN AND ANTARCTIC LANDS . 129
GABON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
GHANA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
GUYANA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
INDIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
INDIAN OCEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
INDONESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
IRAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
IRAQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
ISRAEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
IVORY COAST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
JORDAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
KENYA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Pub. 160
KUWAIT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MADAGASCAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MALAYSIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MALDIVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MAURITIUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MOZAMBIQUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NAMIBIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NIGERIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OMAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PAKISTAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PARAGUAY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
QATAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RED SEA AND THE PERSIAN GULF. . . . . . . . . . . . .
REUNION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SAINT HELENA/ASCENSION ISLAND. . . . . . . . . . .
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SAUDI ARABIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SEYCHELLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SINGAPORE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SOMALIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SOUTH AFRICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SRI LANKA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SUDAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SURINAME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TANZANIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
THAILAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TOGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
URUGUAY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YEMEN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
255
259
263
269
273
277
281
285
289
293
299
301
305
327
335
339
341
347
351
363
367
385
409
413
417
421
425
429
433
437
445
IX
ANGOLA
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
General
Angola is located in the S part of Africa and faces the South
Atlantic Ocean. It is bounded on the N and NE by the Democratic Republic of Congo, formerly Zaire; on the SE by Zambia; and on the S by Namibia.
The coast, over 800 miles long, includes the province of
Cabinda, a small separated enclave. About 65 per cent of the
country is formed by a plateau with elevations of 1,050 to
1,350m. The watershed of many rivers runs through the central
part of this inland plateau. The coastal plain is separated from
the plateau by a zone that varies in width from about 100 miles
in the N part to about 15 miles in the central and S parts.
The climate is mostly tropical, being semiarid in the S and
coastal parts. Temperatures are constant throughout the year
and most rain falls during March and April. The N part has a
dry season from May to October and a rainy season from November to April.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
It is reported (1994) that some obsolescent buoyage marks
(Uniform Lateral System) may still be encountered.
Cautions
Piracy
Mariners are advised to be alert for pirates in the waters off
the coast of Angola.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the kwanza.
Government
Angola is a republic. The country is divided into 18 provinces.
Angola is governed by a President, elected to a renewable 5year term by the National Assembly, who appoints a Council
of Ministers. The unicameral National Assembly consists of
220 members elected to 5-year terms by proportional represen-
Pub. 160
Angola
Industries
Flag of Angola
tation.
The legal system is based on Portuguese civil law; it has
been modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased the use of free markets.
The capital is Luanda.
The major industries are agriculture, petroleum production,
mining (iron ore, diamonds, gold, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, and uranium), cement, basic metal products, fish processing, food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar,
textiles, and ship repair.
The main exports are crude oil, diamonds, refined petroleum
products, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, and cotton. The main export-trading partners are China, the United
States, India, and Spain.
The main imports are machinery and electrical equipment,
vehicles and spare parts, medicines, food, textiles, and military
goods. The main import-trading partners are China, Portugal,
the United States, South Korea, and Brazil.
Languages
Portuguese is the official language. Bantu and other African
tribal languages also spoken.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
Navigational Information
January 1
New Years Day
January 4
Martyrs Day
February 4
Start of Armed Struggle Day
March 8
Womens Day
March 27
Victory Day *
April 4
Peace Day
April 14
Youth Day *
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Good Friday
Variable
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Easter Monday
Variable
200 miles.
May 1
Workers Day
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
May 25
Africa Day
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
June 1
Childrens Day
August 1
Armed Forces Day *
September 17
National Heroes Day
November 2
Memorial Day
November 11
Independence Day
December 1
Pioneers Day *
December 10
Date of Foundation of MPLA
(Popular Movement for the
Liberation of Angola)
Maritime Rescue Coordination Center (MRCC) Angola
maintains a continuous listening watch on 2182 kHz, 4125
kHz, and VHF channel 16 for distress traffic. MRCC Angola
can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
244-2-22391399
244-2-22336338
2. Facsimile:
244-2-22330430
December 24
Christmas Eve (starting at
1200)
Ship Reporting System
December 25
Christmas Day (also known as
Family Day)
* Unofficial holiday, but widely celebrated.
Pub. 160
Enroute Volume
Pub. 123, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Southwest Coast of
Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Angola are, as follows:
* Claims straight baselines.
Search and Rescue
Gulf of Guinea Voluntary Reporting System.For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanShip Reporting
System.
Angola
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is ALFA (-1). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at 32 Rua Houari Boumedienne, Miramar, Luanda.
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
3
1. Angola address
Caixa Postal 6468
Luanda
2. U. S. address
2550 Luanda Place
Washington DC (20521-2550)
U. S. Embassy Angola Home Page
http://angola.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
ARGENTINA
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Ice
Industries
Languages
Meteorology
Navigational Information
Pilotage
Pollution
Regulations
Search and Rescue
5
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
Ship Reporting System
Submarine Operating Areas
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
Vessel Traffic Service
8
12
13
13
13
General
Argentina, located on the E side of the S part of South America, is bounded on the N by Bolivia; on the NE by Paraguay; on
the E by Brazil, Uruguay, and the Atlantic Ocean; and on the
W by Chile. The country has a coast of about 2,180 miles, including the shore of the Rio de la Plata.
The Andes Mountains form the greater part of the W border
region. The N half of the country is composed of the rich plains
Pub. 160
Argentina
of the Pampas. In the far N, these plains are heavily wooded
and are known as the Gran Chaco. The Pampas, in the central
region, is treeless and fertile. The S region is occupied by a series of step-like plateaus. This region, known as the Patagonia,
is bleak, arid, and rises to heights of over 1,500m.
The shore of the Rio de la Plata is low and featureless, while
the sea coast consists of long stretches of low cliffs with occasional areas of low sand.
The climate is very warm over the plains where the rainfall
occurs at all seasons, but diminishes towards the W. In the N
and W parts, the climate is more arid, with high summer temperatures. In the extreme S, conditions are dry and much cooler.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region B) is in effect. Mariners
are cautioned that the buoyage in those parts of the Rio Uruguay that are the responsibility of the Argenitine authorities is
being changed to IALA Region B. Mariners are further cautioned that they might encounter both buoyage systems may be
until the changeover is complete and should contact local authorities for the latest information.
The direction of buoyage is from N to S along the coast and
from seaward in port approaches.
Beacons and buoys marking the inner channels of Tierra del
Fuego should not be fully relied upon. They are generally small
and difficult to identify. Buoys are also likely to drag.
See chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
the riding light.
Magnetic Anomalies
Magnetic anomalies are located in Golfo Nuevo, as follows:
1. Between longitudes 6430W and 6435'W and latitude
4233' S and the N coast of the gulf.
2. Within a 3-miles radius of position 4245'S, 6435'W.
3. Between longitudes 6430W and 6440'W and latitude
4250'S and the S coast of the gulf.
Access Area to the Estrecho de Magallanes
Argentina has declared the area of its 12-mile wide territorial
waters between the parallels of 5220'S and 5239'S as an Access Area to the Estrecho de Magallanes. In this area, the Argentina Maritime Authority requests information pertaining to
lifesaving, search and rescue, and anything that affects the flow
of traffic and ensuring an unobstructed passage for vessels proceeding to or from the Estrecho de Magallanes.
Southern Right Whale Protection Area
Golfo Neuvo (4240'S., 6430'W.) contains a seasonal protected area for the Southern Right Whale. For further information, see Pub. 124, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of
South America.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the Argentine peso.
Government
Cautions
Kelp
Kelp, or sargasso weed, grows on most of the dangers having
a rocky or stony bottom, especially off the coast and S of Punta
Delgada (4246'S., 6338'W.).
Growing kelp should invariably be considered a sign of danger and vessels should never pass through it if it can be avoided. A clear patch of water in the middle of a thick growth of
weeds often indicates the position of the least depth over the
danger. Many dangers are not marked by kelp; heavy seas
sometimes tear the weed from a rock, or a moderate tidal current draws it underwater and out of sight.
Dead kelp, which has broken away from the bottom, floats in
curled masses, with leaves showing above the surface; it sometimes drifts in long lines.
High Speed Craft
High speed craft, with speeds in excess of 30 knots, operate
in the following areas:
1. Colonia-Buenos Aires.
2. Montevideo-Buenos Aires.
3. Piriapolis-Buenos Aires.
Light Vessels
Light vessels of Argentina display a secondary light from
their sterns. This should be taken into account when passing a
light vessel, especially in the Rio de la Plata.
Argentine light vessels also display a riding light; if the light
vessel is used as a pilot station, a red light is displayed under
Pub. 160
Flag of Argentina
Argentina is a republic. The country is divided into 23 provinces and one federal district.
Argentina is governed by a directly-elected President who
can serve two 4-year terms. The National Congress consists of
a 72-member directly-elected Senate, whose members serve 6year terms, and a 257-member directly-elected Chamber of
Deputies, whose members serve 4-year terms.
The legal system is based on western European civil codes.
The capital is Buenos Aires.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
Argentina
Holy Thursday
Variable
Industries
Good Friday
Variable
Easter Sunday
Variable
March 24
Memorial Day
April 2
Malvinas Veterans Day
May 1
Labor Day
May 25
1810 Revolution Anniversary
Third Monday in
June
Flag Day
The main industries are food processing, motor vehicles,
consumer durable goods, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, and steel.
The main exports are soybeans and their derivatives, petroleum and gas, motor vehicles, corn, and wheat. The main export-trading partners are Brazil, China, and the United States.
The main imports are machinery, motor vehicles, petroleum
and natural gas, organic chemicals, and plastics. The main import-trading partners are Brazil, the United States, China, and
Germany.
July 9
Independence Day
Third Monday in
August
Death of General San Martin
Anniversary
October 12
Columbus Day
December 8
Immaculate Conception
Meteorology
December 25
Christmas Day
December 31
Bank Holiday
Shipping forecasts are available in English and Spanish from
the Servicio Meteorologico Nacional.
Ice
Languages
Spanish is the official language. English, Italian, German,
and French are also spoken.
Servicio Meteorologico Nacional Home Page
http://www.smn.gov.ar
The Combined Antarctic Naval Patrol (Argentina-Chile)
normally carries out patrol duties from November 15 until
March 15. Patrol duties include search and rescue duties; maritime salvage, surveillance, and anti-pollution work; providing
safe conditions for mariners and human life at sea; and maintaining the area to be free of pollution. The area of responsibility is S of 60S between the meridians of 10W and 131W.
Vessels requiring assistance should contact naval patrol vessels
on VHF channel 16 or 2182 kHz or with any of the following
Maritime Rescue Coordination Centers (MRCC) or Maritime
Rescue Subcenters (MRSC):
1. MRCC Ushuaia
a.
Telephone: 54-2901-431098
b.
Facsimile:
54-2901-431098
c.
Radio:
500 kHz, 2182 kHz, 4660 kHz, and
VHF channel 16
d.
E-mail:
[email protected]
2. MRCC Punta Arenas
a.
Telephone: 56-61-2201161
56-61-2201162
b.
Facsimile:
56-61-2201172
c.
Radio:
2182 kHz, 2738 kHz, and VHF
channel 16
d.
E-mail:
[email protected]
3. MRSC Puerto Williams
a.
Telephone: 56-61-2621090
b.
Facsimile:
56-61-2621090
c.
Radio:
2182 kHz, 2738 kHz, and VHF
channel 16
d.
E-mail:
[email protected]
[email protected]
4. MRCC Antarctica Chilena
a. Telephone: 56-32-2208556
b. E-mail:
[email protected]
[email protected]
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 124, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of South
America.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Argentina are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
* Claims straight baselines. Requires advance permission
or notification for innocent passage of warships in the
territorial sea. Claims Golfo San Matias, Golfo Nuevo,
and Golfo San Jorge as internal waters. Claims, jointly
with Uruguay, the estuary of the Rio de la Plata as internal
waters.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Argentina claims the United Kingdom-administered Falkland Islands, South Georgia, and the South Sandwich Islands.
The United Kingdom rejects sovereignty talks requested by
Argentina.
Pilotage
Pilotage is compulsory for all foreign vessels in all ArgenPub. 160
Argentina
8
tine channels, rivers, passes, ports, and berthing locations.
Ship Reporting System
Pollution
Vessel Reporting System (SECOSENA)
SECOSENA is a reporting system designed to provide information in the event of Search and Rescue (SAR) incidents. Participation in this reporting system is mandatory for all vessels,
with certain exceptions. Participation in the system is free of
charge.
Reporting messages should be sent, as follows:
1. When entering Argentine waters, vessels should report
the following information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Flag.
c. Call sign.
d. Length.
e. Beam.
f. Draft.
g. Speed.
h. Port of departure.
i. Destination.
j. Position.
k. Course.
l. Type of cargo.
m. Whether there is a doctor on board.
2. When leaving Argentine waters, vessels should send
the following information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Flag.
c. Call sign.
d. Speed.
e. Destination.
f. Position.
g. Course.
3. When entering an Argentine port, vessels should send
the following information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Flag.
c. Call sign.
d. ETA.
e. Berthing location.
4. When departing an Argentine port, vessels should send
the following information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Flag.
c. Call sign.
d. Length.
e. Beam.
f. Draft.
Tank residues, bilges, or ballast water from oil compartments
must never be pumped or released into ports or rivers. On the
Atlantic coast, including Bahia Blanca, tanks and bilges can
only be cleaned at a distance of not less than 50 miles off the
shore and on a falling tide.
Regulations
General
Vessels operating in the proximity of an open port or close to
quays or loading places where other vessels or barges are operating must reduce speed to a maximum of 6 knots.
Vessels anchored or moving within port limits must not use
their whistles, sirens, or bells except as called for in the regulations to avoid collision or to signal a fire.
In Rio de la Plata, it is recommended that vessels have an underkeel clearance of at least 0.6m.
Communications
Vessels should establish VHF contact with the nearest coast
radio station when within range and keep a listening watch on
VHF channel 16 or a frequency assigned by the coast radio station. When out of range vessels should maintain a watch on
VHF channel 16 if traffic is heavy or the visibility is poor.
If the watch cannot be maintained on VHF channel 16, then
VHF channel 12 or 14 should be used after notifying the nearest SECOSENA station.
Search and Rescue
The Argentine navy, in conjunction with the Prefectura Naval Argentina, is responsible for maritime search and rescue.
The Argentine navy is responsible for the operation of all
Maritime Rescue Coordination Centers (MRCC). The Prefectura Naval Argentina is responsible for the operation of all Rescue Subcenters (RSC) and provides the Safety of Navigation
Communication Service (SECOSENA) through Argentine Naval Authority Coast Radio Stations.
The SECOSENA stations maintain a continuous listening
watch on international distress frequencies.
Lifesaving stations are located, as follows:
1. Cabo San Antonio (3618'S., 5646'W.).
2. Isla Martin Garcia (3411'S., 5815'W.).
ArgentinaMRCC/RSC Contact Information
Station
MRCC Buenos Aires
MRCC Puerto Belgrano
MRCC Ushuaia *
RSC Rio de la Plata
Pub. 160
Telephone
Facsimile
54-1143-172300
54-1143-132889
54-2932-487163
54-2901-431098
54-1145-767646
54-2932-487162
54-1143-172038
54-2901-431098
54-1145-767650
54-1145-767649
Argentina
ArgentinaMRCC/RSC Contact Information
Station
RSC Tigre
RSC Rosario
Telephone
54-1145-124905
54-1145-124907
54-3414-720340
Facsimile
54-1145-124900
54-3414-720344
54-3783-423876
54-3783-423876
RSC Corrientes
54-3783-443318
54-3783-421936
RSC Posadas
54-3752-425389
54-3752-430703
RSC Concepcion del Uruguay
54-3442-425504
54-3442-423377
RSC Paso de los Libres
54-3772-424325
54-3772-424326
RSC Mar del Plata
54-2234-800715
54-2234-803006
RSC Bahia Blanca
54-2914-573124
54-2914-573355
54-2974-442167
RSC Comodoro Rivadavia
54-2974-473863
54-2974-462167
54-2974-476800
54-2974-473863
54-2974-464018
RSC Puerto Deseado
54-2974-872322
54-2974-872322
RSC Puerto Madryn
54-2965-451263
54-2965-451263
RSC San Antonio Oeste
54-2934-421202
54-2934-421202
RSC San Carlos de Bariloche
54-2944-422798
54-2944-425522
RSC Nuequen
54-2994-472302
54-2994-422686
RSC Rio Gallegos
54-2966-420375
54-2966-420103
RSC Lago Argentino
54-2902-491653
54-2902-491653
RSC Ushuaia
54-2901-422382
54-2901-421425
RSC Islas Orcadas
Communicate via MRCC Ushuaia *
* MRCC Ushuaia normally operated only during the Antarctic summer from mid-November until mid-March.
g. Speed.
h. Destination.
i. Course.
j. Type of cargo.
k. Whether there is a doctor on board.
5. When navigating within Argentine waters, vessels
should report their position, as follows:
a. When between the parallels of 4200'S and
5430'Sto Comodoro Rivadavia Prefectura Naval Radio
(PNR) at 0200 UTC and 1400 UTC and whenever course
and speed changes occur.
b. When between the parallels of 3550'S and
4200'Sto Mar del Plata PNR at 0000 UTC and 1200
UTC and whenever course and speed changes occur.
c. When S of the parallel of 5430'Sto Ushuaia
PNR at 0200 UTC and 1400 UTC and whenever course
and speed changes occur.
6. Vessels less than 50 gross tons navigating Canal Beagle from Ushuaia to Puerto Williams, Chile should report the
following information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Vessel type.
c. Flag.
d. Call sign.
e. Time of departure.
f. Number of persons on board.
g. ETA.
For vessels on river and coastal voyages, reporting messages
should be sent, as follows:
1. On entering the operational area of a SECOSENA
Coast Radio Station (CRS), vessels should report the following information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Flag.
c. Call sign.
d. Length.
e. Beam.
f. Draft.
g. Speed.
h. Port of origin.
Pub. 160
Argentina
10
i. Port of destination.
2. If the vessel is leaving the operational area of an adjacent SECOSENA CRS, only the vessels name, flag, and call
sign need be sent.
3. On leaving the operational area of a SECOSENA CRS,
vessels should send the following information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Flag.
c. Call sign.
4. On entry to a port, vessels should send the following
information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Call sign.
c. ETA and place of berthing.
5. On departure from a port, vessels should send the following information:
a. Vessel name.
b. Flag.
c. Call sign.
d. Length.
e. Beam.
f. Draft.
g. Speed.
h. Time and place of departure.
i. Destination.
6. Departing vessels heading S with a destination within
Argentine waters must also report the type of cargo and if
there is a doctor on board.
All messages should be sent to the nearest PNR coast station
on VHF channel 16, if possible, otherwise by MF or HF. If
contact with the nearest PNR coast station cannot be established, any other PNR coast station may be used, or, failing
this, any Argentine coast radio station.
Messages should be in Spanish; however, if it is not possible
to understand Spanish, vessels should use the International
Code of Signals, or the Q-code, using the Standard Maritime
Navigational Vocabulary.
Vessels should also report any accidents, hazards to navigation, defects in aids to navigation, or if urgent medical assistance is required.
Traffic Security Control System (CONTRASE)
The Traffic Control and Safety System (CONTRASE) is in
effect in the following areas:
1. Buenos Aires (3436'S., 5822'W.).
2. Rio Parana (3143'S., 6032'W.).
3. Bahia Blanca (3847'S., 6216'W.).
4. Mar del Plata (3802'S., 5732'W.).
5. Rawson (4318'S., 6507'W.).
6. San Antonio Oeste (4043'S., 6457'W.).
Vessels are required to report to the appropriate Prefectura
Naval Coast Radio Stations when passing the designated reporting points. For further information, see Pub. 124, Sailing
Directions (Enroute) East Coast of South America.
The following information should be reported to the appropriate Prefectura Naval Coast Radio Station:
1. Anchoring outside the portVessel name, flag, call
sign, time of anchoring, and location.
2. Entering portVessel name, call sign, ETA, and destination.
Vessels must obtain permission from the appropriate Prefectura Naval Coast Radio Station prior to performing the following maneuvers:
1. Shifting anchorages.
2. Shifting berths.
3. Moving within the port.
4. Casting off.
5. Departing the port.
When requesting permissions, vessels should provide the
vessel name, flag, call sign, destination (for 1, 2, and 3 above),
and place of departure (for 4 and 5 above). Permissions are
normally valid for 15 minutes.
Prefectura Naval Radio (PNR) Stations Which Accept SECOSENA Messages and CONTRASE Position Reports
Call
sign
VHF
Operational areas
SECOSENA
CONTRASE
Bahia Blanca
L2N
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, 16, and 77
West of longitude 6125'W and N of
latitude 3925'S.
Bermejo
L8F
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParaguaySouth of Km 1360, N
of Km 1240, and W of the international
boundary of Paraguay.
PNR
Buenos Aires
L2A
VHF channel 16
North of latitude 3630'S, W of
longitude 5600'W to the Argentine
territorial limit, E to a line from Km
27.3 on the Rio Lujan passing through
Km 56.1 on the Rio Parana de Las
Palmas to Km 121.5 on the Rio de la
Plata.
Comodoro
Rivadavia
L3B
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Between latitude 4200'S and latitude
5430'S.
Corrientes
L6Y
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
South of Km 1240 on the Rio Paraguay,
W of Km 1242 on the Rio Parana, and
N of Km 1135 on the Rio Parana.
Pub. 160
Argentina
11
Prefectura Naval Radio (PNR) Stations Which Accept SECOSENA Messages and CONTRASE Position Reports
Call
sign
VHF
Operational areas
SECOSENA
CONTRASE
Diamente
L6M
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, 16, and 77
Rio ParanaSouth of Km 568 and N of
Km 480.
El Dorado
L7Z
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaSouth of Km 1842 and N
of Km 1774.
Formosa
L8I
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParaguaySouth of Km 1520 and
N of Km 1360.
Goya
L6V
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaSouth of Km 1135 and N
of Km 928.
Iguazu
L8C
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaSouth of Km 1927 and N
of Km 1842.
Ita Ibate
L7G
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaWest of Km 1410 and E
of Km 1330.
Itati
L7D
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaWest of Km 1330 and E
of Km 1242.
Ituzaingo
L7J
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaWest of Km 1522 and E
of Km 1410.
La Paz
L6S
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaSouth of Km 827 and N of
Km 677.
Libertador
General San
Martin
L7U
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaSouth of Km 1774 and N
of Km 1710.
Mar del Plata
L2O
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Between latitude 3550'S and latitude
4200'S.
Parana
L6N
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaSouth of Km 677 and N of
Km 568.
Paso de los
Libres
L9J
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio UruguaySouth of Km 638 and N
of Km 531.
Pilcomayo
L8L
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParaguaySouth of Km 1619 and
N of Km 1520.
Posadas
L7N
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
Rio ParanaWest of Km 1710 and E
of Km 1522.
Rawson
L4R
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
West of longitude 6430'W, N of
latitude 4350'S, and S and E by the
coast.
Rosario
L6I
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, 16, and 77
Rio ParanaSouth of Km 480 and N of
Km 376.
San Antonio
Oeste
L4V
VHF channel 12
L6G
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, 16, and 77
Southwest of Km 376 on the Rio
Parana, NW of Km 310 on the Rio
Parana Guazu, and W of Ibicuy on the
Rio Parana Pavon.
L6E
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, and 16
West of Km 240 on the Rio Parana
Guazu, E of Km 310 on the Rio Parana
Guazu, and E of Ibicuy on the Rio
Parana Pavon.
PNR
San Nicolas
San Pedro
In the vicinity of position 4043'S,
6457'W.
Pub. 160
Argentina
12
Prefectura Naval Radio (PNR) Stations Which Accept SECOSENA Messages and CONTRASE Position Reports
PNR
Ushuaia
Zarate
Call
sign
VHF
L3P
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, 16, and 77
South of latitude 5430'S.
VHF channels 9, 12,
14, 16, and 72
West of a line from Km 27.3 on the Rio
Lujan, from Km 56.1 on the Rio Parana
de las Palmas until Km 121.5 on the
Rio de la Plata, S of Km 0 on the Rio
Uruguay, and E of Km 240 on the Rio
Parana Guazu.
L5T
Operational areas
Submarine Operating Areas
Argentine submarines may be encountered by day or at night
while operating in the waters off the coast. Under certain circumstances, warnings that submarines are exercising in specified areas may be broadcast by local coastal radio stations.
A submarine exercise area off Mar del Plata is bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 3800'S, 5500'W.
b. 3800'S, 5721'W.
c. 3835'S, 5721'W.
d. 3835'S, 5500'W.
Submerged submarines operate, in depths of 30 to 55m, off
the coast between Querandi Light (3728'S., 5707'W.) and
Quequen Light, 100 miles SW.
Submarines exercise is an area between latitudes 4230'S
and 4340'S and between longitude 6200'W and the coast.
Submarines operate within the waters of Golfo Nuevo
(4246'S., 6430'W.).
Argentine warships display the following signals to denote
that submarines, which may be submerged or surfaced, are in
the vicinity:
1. By dayA red rectangular flag, with a white letter S
in the center, along with the appropriate signals from the International Code of Signals.
2. At nightOn the fore topmast, the following lights are
displayed:
a. On the fore yardTwo green lights.
b. On the starboard sideOne green light over one
white light.
c. On the port sideOne red light over one white
light.
Vessels are cautioned to give a wide berth to any vessel flying this signal.
It must not be inferred from the above that submarines exercise only when in the company of escorting vessels.
A submarine submerged at a depth too great to show the
periscope may indicate its position by means of an underwater
lantern, which will illuminate the sea surface from below.
The following signals are used by submerged submarines
while in submarine exercise area:
1. White smoke candles (with flames) indicate the position in response to a request from a ship or aircraft, or as required.
2. Yellow and green pyrotechnic flares indicate the position from which a practice torpedo has been fired. All vessels
are requested to keep clear as the submarine may want to
Pub. 160
SECOSENA
CONTRASE
surface after the firing.
3. Yellow smoke candles.
4. Red pyrotechnic flares, which may be accompanied by
smoke candles, repeated as often as possible indicate that
vessels should keep clear as the submarine is carrying out
emergency surfacing procedure. Vessels must not stop their
propellers, but should clear the area immediately and stand
by to render assistance.
5. Two yellow pyrotechnic flares or two white or yellow
smoke candles released 3 minutes apart indicate that vessels
should keep clear as the submarine is preparing to surface.
Vessels must not stop their propellers and should clear the
immediate vicinity.
Navigation Lights
Submarines may be encountered on the surface at night off
the coast. The steaming and side lights of Argentine submarines appear to be placed well forward and very low above the
water in proportion to the length and tonnage of these vessels.
In particular, the emergency steaming light is lower than the
side lights. The overtaking light (stern) is also placed low down
and may be obscured by spray and wash. Argentine submarines
are fitted with an amber quick-flashing light situated 1 to 2m
above the steaming light as an aid to identification. It will also
be used when snorting. While at anchor or moored to a buoy at
night, Argentine submarines display normal anchor lights.
The overall arrangements of submarine lights is unusual and
may well give the impression of markedly smaller and shorter
vessels. Their vulnerability to collision when proceeding on
the surface dictates particular caution when approaching such
vessels.
Sunken Submarine
A submarine which is bottomed and unable to surface will
try to indicate its position by the following methods:
1. Releasing an indicator buoy (which carries a vertical
whip aerial) as soon as the accident occurs.
2. Firing candles giving off yellow or white smoke, at regular intervals, on the approach of surface vessels. (Yellow
candles will be used as much as possible by day.)
3. Pumping out fuel or lubricating oil.
It may be impossible for a submarine to fire smoke candles.
Correspondingly, a partially-flooded submarine may only have
a certain number of smoke candles available and searching
ships should not therefore expect many to appear.
Since oil slicks or debris may be the only indication of the
presence or whereabouts of the sunken submarine, it is vitally
Argentina
important that surface ships refrain from discharging anything
which appears to have come from a submarine while they are
in the probability area. Searching ships and aircraft can waste
valuable time investigating these false contacts.
Some Argentine submarine pyrotechnics can be fitted with
message carriers. These may be recovered as soon as they have
finished burning.
Argentine submarines are fitted with a free-floating indicator
buoy which can be released from inside in case of emergencies
or if for any reason the submarine is unable to surface.
In any submarine accident, time is the most vital factor affecting the chances for rescue of the survivors, and, as the
sighting of an indicator buoy may be the first intimation that an
accident has in fact occurred, it is vital that no time should be
lost in taking action. The sighting of any indicator buoy should
at once be reported by the quickest available means. If known,
the name of the submarine should be included in the report.
However, if vessels are unable to establish communication
without leaving the vicinity of the submarine, it should be
borne in mind that the primary consideration should be for vessels to remain standing by to rescue survivors and not leave the
scene of the accident.
At any time after a submarine accident, survivors may start
attempting to escape. Current policy dictates that survivors will
wait before escaping until rescue vessels are known to be
standing by or conditions inside the submarine deteriorate to
such an extent that an escape must be attempted. It should be
noted that, in certain circumstances, the latter situation may not
arise through lack of air supply until several days after the accident. However, if the submarine is badly damaged, survivors
may have to make an escape attempt immediately. On arrival at
the surface, crew members may be exhausted or ill, and, if circumstances permit, the presence of a boat already lowered is
very desirable. Some crew members may require a decompression chamber. Therefore, it is the aim of the authorities to get
such a chamber to the scene as soon as possible.
In order that those trapped in the submarine shall be made
aware that help is at hand, naval vessels drop small charges into
the sea which can be heard from inside the submarine. There is
no objection to the use of small charges for this purpose, but it
is vital that they are not dropped too close since crew members
in the process of making ascents are particularly vulnerable to
underwater explosions, and may easily receive fatal injuries. A
distance of about 0.3 mile is considered to be safe.
If no small charges are available, the running of an echo
sounder or the banging of the outer skin of the ship's hull with
a hammer from a position below the waterline are likely to be
heard in the submarine, and such banging and/or sounding
should therefore be carried out at frequent intervals.
Indicator Buoy
Agentine submarines are equipped with free-floating indicator buoys. It is therefore of the utmost importance that the position, together with the estimated current and the strength and
direction of the wind at that position; and the time of first sighting of the buoy be accurately and speedily reported to the appropriate authorities.
The Argentine submarine free-floating indicator buoy is
made of aluminum. The body is cylindrical, 60cm long, approximately 20cm in diameter, and slightly domed on top. The
base of the body flares out to a diameter of 23cm. It is bolted
13
onto the buoy by means of eight-16cm bolts. Along the body
there are three extensions which strengthen the structure and
also act as guides to the strap with which the buoy is secured to
the submarine. The whole of the body is painted bright orange.
Between the base and the lower extension, a number is molded
into the buoy with numerals 1cm in size. Another number with
numerals 0.5cm in size appears close below the first.
Above the body is an aerial consisting of a yellow painted
protection piece consisting of a metal cylinder, 14cm long and
9cm in diameter; a rubber protection piece, about 18cm long,
which protects the flexible connection between the buoy and an
insulator, 9cm long, on top of it; and a VHF aerial, 25cm long,
which has a small white plastic knob on the end of it.
The buoys are fitted with an automatic transmitting radio
unit operating an A2 transmission on 243MHz and 121.5MHz.
The signal transmitted consists of a series of short dashes. Vessels receiving this signal should report the fact, giving their position and, if possible, an indication of signal strength.
Submarine indicator buoys should not be confused with
white or yellow smoke candles or sonabuoys.
White smoke candles are usually fired from submarines to
indicate their positions. They burn for up to 15 minutes emitting white smoke, flame, and a green dye into the water. These
candles can be seen by day or at night and my easily be confused with aircraft marine markers. Yellow smoke candles are
also fired from submarines to indicate their positions. They
burn for about 5 minutes emitting yellow smoke. These candles
can be seen more easily than white smoke candles in rough
weather, but they cannot be seen at night. Sonabuoys are
dropped from aircraft to detect submarines and may be encountered anywhere at sea.
The above objects may frequently be seen in areas where
warships and aircraft exercise, whether or not submarines are
present. In case of doubt, the object should be approached to
confirm, visually, whether or not it is a submarine indicator
buoy before reporting it.
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is PAPA (+3). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Avenida Colombia 4300,
Buenos Aires.
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
1. Argentina address
Avenida Colombia 4300
C1425GMN Buenos Aires
2. U.S. address
Unit 4334
APO AA (34034)
U. S. Embassy Argentina Home Page
http://argentina.usembassy.gov
Vessel Traffic Service
A Vessel Traffic Service is located in Bahia Blanca
Pub. 160
14
Argentina
(3848'S., 6216'W.) For further information, see Pub. 124,
Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of South America.
A Vessel Traffic Service and reporting system is in operation
Pub. 160
in the Strait of Magellan and its approaches. For further information, see Pub. 124, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast
of South America.
AUSTRALIA
General
Areas to be Avoided
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Firing Areas
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Ice
Industries
Languages
Meteorology
Mined Areas
Navigational Information
16
16
16
16
16
29
35
36
37
37
37
39
39
39
39
15
Offshore Drilling
39
Pollution
39
Regulations
40
Search and Rescue
43
Ship Reporting System
44
Signals
45
Submarine Operating Areas
46
Time Zone
48
Traffic Separation Schemes
48
U.S. Embassy
48
Vessel Traffic Service
48
Appendix IMASTREP (Modernized Australian Ship
Tracking and Reporting System)
49
Appendix IIReporting Formats for Australian Pollution
Reports
51
Pub. 160
Australia
16
General
and counterclockwise around Tasmania.
Australia, the worlds sixth-largest country and smallest continent, is located S of the Indonesian archipelago and is bounded on the E by the Pacific Ocean and on the W and S by the
Indian Ocean.
The Great Barrier Reef fringes the NE coast of the country
and extends for about 1,200 miles.
Most of the country consists of low irregular plateaus. The
desert-like center is flat, barren, and dry. Large areas of fertile
plain are located in the SE part.
The climate is generally arid to semiarid but there are wide
variations. The N part is tropical and the S and E parts are temperate.
Cautions
General
The volume of commercial shipping passing through Torres
Strait is considerable. A large number of local craft also operate between the islands.
Seismic Surveys
In connection with the exploration for oil and gas, seismic
survey vessels are operating off the Australian coast. When
possible, general details of these activities will be broadcast as
AUSCOAST Warnings. However, vessels carrying out such
surveys may be encountered without warning.
Areas to be Avoided
Off the Ningaloo Coast.In order to reduce the risk of a
marine casualty and resulting pollution and damage to the sensitive marine environment off the Ningaloo coast, all vessels
over 150 gross tons and all vessels engaged in towing operations, regardless of size, should avoid the area bounded by the
coast and lines joining the following positions:
a. 2147'00''S, 11409'45''E.
b. 2147'00''S, 11412'30''E.
c. 2144'00''S, 11412'30''E.
d. 2142'00''S, 11410'30''E.
e. 2142'00''S, 11400'00''E.
f. 2147'00''S, 11350'00''E.
g. 2240'00''S, 11329'00''E.
h. 2250'00''S, 11333'48''E.
i. The coast at 2250'00''S.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
The general direction of buoyage for the purposes of the IALA Buoyage System is E to W along the S coast of Australia, S
to N along the W coast of Australia, W to E along the N coast
of Australia, counterclockwise in the Gulf of Carpentaria, from
W to E in Torres Strait, N to S along the E coast of Australia,
Aids to Navigation
Due to the exposed position of many of the navigational
buoys moored off the N and NW coasts of Australia and the
frequency of cyclonic storms, no reliance should be placed on
these buoys always maintaining their exact position. This applies especially to the buoys marking the outer approaches to
Port Hedland, Port Walcott, and Dampier.
Magnetic Anomalies
Local magnetic anomalies have been reported, as follows:
1. In the approaches to Port Hedland, about 9 miles NW
of Turtle Island (1953.4'S., 11853.9'E.). The normal magnetic variation is increased by 9 to 10 in this area.
2. In the main approach channel to Port Hedland, about 5
miles N of Cooke Point (2018.'S., 11838.4'E.).
3. Between 3 and 4.5 miles SSW of Cape Lookout
(2035.6'S., 11711.0'E.), with compass deflections of as
much as 55
4. In the approaches to Geraldton, about 80 miles WNW
of North Island, in position 2805'S, 11203'E.
5. Off the coast between Fremantle and Cape Leeuwin.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the Australian dollar, consisting of 100 cents.
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
NORTHERN TERRITORIES
Area
YBBB/R230
Pub. 160
Name
Darwin
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
R230A1105'02"S, 13053'39"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 80 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1120'50"S, 13142'58"E;
1205'13"S, 13109'35"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 25 NM in radius
centered on Darwin DME to
1200'17"S, 13054'53"E.
Chartlet
No.
7
Australia
17
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
NORTHERN TERRITORIES
Area
YBBB/R230
Name
Darwin
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Chartlet
No.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R230B1024'52"S, 13052'46"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1048'30"S, 13207'07"E;
1120'50"S, 13142'58"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 80 NM in radius
centered on Darwin DME to
1105'02"S, 13053'39"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R230C954'44"S, 13052'07"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 150 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1024'14"S, 13225'11"E;
1048'30"S, 13207'07"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 120 NM in
radius centered on Darwin DME to
1024'52"S, 13052'46"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R230D1120'50"S, 13142'58"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 80 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1202'20"S, 13212'38"E;
1218'53"S, 13119'03"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 25 NM in radius
centered on Darwin DME to
1205'13"S, 13109'35"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R230E1048'30"S, 13207'07"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1150'11"S, 13251'32"E;
1202'20"S, 13212'38"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 80 NM in radius
centered on Darwin DME to
1120'50"S, 13142'58"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R230F1024'14"S, 13225'11"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 150 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1141'01"S, 13320'40"E;
1150'11"S, 13251'32"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 120 NM in
radius centered on Darwin DME to
1048'30"S, 13207'07"E.
Pub. 160
Australia
18
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
NORTHERN TERRITORIES
Area
YBBB/R264
Pub. 160
Name
Darwin
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Chartlet
No.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264A1232'35"S, 13029'53"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 25 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1218'12"S, 13029'54"E;
1212'26"S, 13010'20"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 45 NM in radius
centered on Darwin DME to
1238'16"S, 13010'16"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264B1238'16"S, 13010'16"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 45 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1212'26"S, 13010'20"E;
1202'16"S, 12936'08"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 80 NM in radius
centered on Darwin DME to
1248'09"S, 12935'54"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264C1248'09"S, 12935'54"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 80 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1202'16"S, 12936'08"E;
1150'34"S, 12857'06"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 120 NM in
radius centered on Darwin DME to
1259'22"S, 12856'35"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264D1259'22"S, 12856'35"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1150'34"S, 12857'06"E;
1135'48"S, 12808'23"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 170 NM in
radius centered on Darwin DME to
1313'15"S, 12807'20"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264E1232'35"S, 13029'53"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 25 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1244'26"S, 13037'42"E;
1326'16"S, 13000'54"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 80 NM in radius
centered on Darwin DME to
1248'09"S, 12935'54"E.
Australia
19
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
NORTHERN TERRITORIES
Area
YBBB/R264
YBBB/R272
Name
Darwin
Bathurst
Island
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Chartlet
No.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264F1248'09"S, 12935'54"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 80 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1326'16"S, 13000'54"E;
1356'38"S, 12934'00"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 120 NM in
radius centered on Darwin DME to
1259'22"S, 12856'35"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264G1259'22"S, 12856'35"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1356'38"S, 12934'00"E;
1434'32"S, 12900'13"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 170 NM in
radius centered on Darwin DME to
1313'15"S, 12807'20"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264H1244'26"S, 13037'42"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 25 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1249'20"S, 13046'39"E;
1341'06"S, 13026'55"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 80 NM in radius
centered on Darwin DME to
1326'16"S, 13000'54"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264J1326'16"S, 13000'54"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 80 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1341'06"S, 13026'55"E;
1418'44"S, 13012'30"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 120 NM in
radius centered on Darwin DME to
1356'38"S, 12934'00"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R264K1356'38"S, 12934'00"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on Darwin DME
(1225'24"S, 13054'23"E) to
1418'44"S, 13012'30"E;
1505'44"S, 12954'21"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 170 NM in
radius centered on Darwin DME to
1434'32"S, 12900'13"E.
Military
non-flying
NOTAM
A circle 1 NM in radius centered on
1145'34"S, 13002'05"E.
Pub. 160
Australia
20
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Area
Name
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
YMMM/R146
YMMM/R162
Pub. 160
Chartlet
No.
Greenough
Firing
HJ
NOTAM
a. 2857'50"S, 11443'17"E., then
along the coast to
b. 2858'09"S, 11443'38"E.
c. 2858'28"S, 11443'16"E.
d. 2858'10"S, 11442'55"E.
Garden Island
Military
non-flying
H24
R140AA circle 1.0 NM in radius
centered on 3210'36"S, 11540'18"E.
Military
non-flying
NOTAM
R140BA circle 1.0 NM in radius
centered on 3210'36"S, 11540'18"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R146A
a. 3054'00"S, 11456'00"E.
b. 3045'30"S, 11517'30"E.
c. 3055'00"S, 11524'00"E.
d. 3107'30"S, 11505'00"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R146B
a. 3045'30"S, 11517'30"E.
b. 3041'00"S, 11527'00"E.
c. 3050'00"S, 11533'00"E.
d. 3055'00"S, 11524'00"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R146C
a. 3041'00"S, 11527'00"E.
b. 3045'30"S, 11517'30"E.
c. 3047'56"S, 11511'21"E., then
along the coast to
d. 3038'57"S, 11507'36"E.
Military
flying
NOTAM
3214'51"S, 11541'24"E;
3213'29"S, 11540'47"E;
3213'49"S, 11556'52"E;
3213'36"S, 11604'27"E;
3302'56"S, 11624'49"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 70 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME (3156'42"S,
11557'34"E) to 3258'36"S,
11518'38"E; 3228'35"S,
11537'42"E; 3222'32"S,
11539'30"E.
YMMM/R140
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Lancelin
Pearce
Australia
21
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Area
Name
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Chartlet
No.
YMMM/R163
Pearce
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
3209'27"S, 11539'42"E;
3214'47"S, 11529'22"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 30 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME (3156'42"S,
11557'34"E) to 3152'31"S,
11522'40"E; 3152'46"S,
11524'56"E; 3145'43"S,
11546'02"E; 3147'22"S,
11550'43"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 11 NM in radius centered on
PH/DME to 3148'23"S,
11549'06"E; 3157'14"S,
11536'26"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 18 NM in radius centered on
PH/DME to 3201'07"S,
11537'02"E.
YMMM/R165
Pearce
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
3152'46"S, 11524'56"E;
3148'30"S, 11447'46"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 60 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME (3156'42"S,
11557'34"E) to 3106'08"S,
11519'35"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 60 NM in radius centered on
PH/DME to 3104'05"S,
11523'36"E; then along the coast to
3145'43"S, 11546'02"E.
YMMM/R167
Pearce
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R167A3152'31"S, 11522'40"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 30 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3205'28"S, 11523'49"E;
3108'56"S, 11510'17"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 42 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3150'56"S,
11508'12"E.
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R167B3218'24"S, 11523'42"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 36 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3207'13"S, 11517'04"E;
3205'28"S, 11523'49"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 30 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3214'47"S,
11529'22"E.
Pub. 160
Australia
22
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Area
YMMM/R168
Name
Pearce
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Chartlet
No.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R168A3050'33"S, 11400'29"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3010'34"S, 11451'52"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 120 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3008'06"S,
11457'33"E; then along the coast to
3106'08"S, 11519'35"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 60 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3123'49"S,
11458'43"E.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R168B3140'00"S, 11338'07"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3050'33"S, 11400'29"E;
3123'49"S, 11458'43"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 60 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3148'30"S,
11447'46"E.
YMMM/D169
Swanbourne
Firing
H24
a.
b.
c.
d.
YMMM/R184
Lancelin
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
A circle 1.5 NM in radius centered on
3052'54"S, 11516'12"E.
YMMM/R190
Stirling
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
3152'46"S, 11524'56"E;
3148'30"S, 11447'46"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 60 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME (3156'42"S,
11557'34"E) to 3123'49"S,
11458'43"E; 3138'11"S,
11529'51"E; 3150'01"S,
11533'12"E.
YMMM/R191
Stirling
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
3140'00"S, 11300'00"E;
3000'03"S, 11300'00"E;
3003'13"S, 11349'39"E;
3000'00"S, 11430'00"E;
3010'34"S, 11451'52"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 120 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME (3156'42"S,
11557'34"E) to 3140'00"S,
11338'07"E.
Pub. 160
3156'49"S, 11546'00"E.
3156'49"S, 11543'00"E.
3158'47"S, 11543'00"E.
3158'47"S, 11546'00"E.
Australia
23
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Area
YMMM/R192
Name
Stirling
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Chartlet
No.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R192A3230'51"S, 11341'55"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3140'00"S, 11338'07"E;
3147'08"S, 11436'09"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 70 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3216'55"S,
11438'39"E.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R192B3216'55"S, 11438'39"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 70 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3147'08"S, 11436'09"E;
3151'43"S, 11515'41"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 36 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3207'13"S,
11517'04"E.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R192C3308'23"S, 11403'35"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3230'51"S, 11341'55"E;
3216'55"S, 11438'39"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 70 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3238'44"S,
11451'27"E.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R192D3238'44"S, 11451'27"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 70 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3216'55"S, 11438'39"E;
3207'13"S, 11517'04"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 36 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3218'24"S,
11523'42"E.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R192E3342'40"S, 11450'16"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3308'23"S, 11403'35"E;
3238'44"S, 11451'27"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 70 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3258'36"S,
11518'38"E.
Pub. 160
Australia
24
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Area
YMMM/R192
Name
Stirling
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Chartlet
No.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R192F3258'36"S, 11518'38"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 70 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3238'44"S, 11451'27"E;
3218'24"S, 11523'42"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 36 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3228'35"S,
11537'42"E.
Flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R192G3228'35"S, 11537'42"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 36 NM
in radius centered on PH/DME
(3156'42"S, 11557'34"E) to
3218'24"S, 11523'42"E;
3214'47"S, 11529'22"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 30 NM in radius
centered on PH/DME to 3222'32"S,
11539'30"E.
YBBB/R803 A/B
Curtin
Military
flying
NOTAM
1620'06"S, 12354'41"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 75 NM in radius
centered on Curtin VOR (1735'20"S,
12351'07"E) to 1815'53"S,
12457'23"E; 1748'57"S,
12413'06"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 25 NM in radius centered on
Curtin VOR to 1710'15"S,
12352'15"E.
12
YBBB/R805 A/B
Curtin
Military
flying
NOTAM
1734'12"S, 12324'58"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 25 NM in radius
centered on Curtin VOR (1735'20"S,
12351'07"E) to 1758'28"S,
12340'58"E; 1844'45"S,
12320'36"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 75 NM in radius centered on
Curtin VOR to 1731'38"S,
12232'42"E.
12
YBBB/R806 A/B
Curtin
Military
flying
NOTAM
1710'15"S, 12352'15"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 25 NM in radius
centered on Curtin VOR (1735'20"S,
12351'07"E) to 1734'12"S,
12324'58"E; 1731'38"S,
12232'42"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 75 NM in radius centered on
Curtin VOR to 1620'06"S,
12354'41"E.
12
Pub. 160
Australia
25
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Area
Name
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Chartlet
No.
YBBB/R807 A/B
Curtin
Military
flying
NOTAM
R807A/B1504'52"S, 12358'17"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 150 NM
in radius centered on Curtin VOR
(1735'20"S, 12351'07"E) to
1855'58"S, 12604'13"E;
1815'53"S, 12457'23"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 75 NM in radius
centered on Curtin VOR to
1620'06"S, 12354'41"E.
12
YBBB/R809 A/B
Curtin
Military
flying
NOTAM
R809A/B1954'05"S, 12249'43"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 150 NM
in radius centered on Curtin VOR
(1735'20"S, 12351'07"E) to
1727'20"S, 12114'21"E;
1731'38"S, 12232'42"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 75 NM in radius
centered on Curtin VOR to
1844'45"S, 12320'36"E.
12
YBBB/R810 A/B
Curtin
Military
flying
NOTAM
R810A/B1727'20"S, 12114'21"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 150 NM
in radius centered on Curtin VOR
(1735'20"S, 12351'07"E) to
1504'52"S, 12358'17"E;
1620'06"S, 12354'51"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 75 NM in radius
centered on Curtin VOR to
1731'38"S, 12232'42"E.
12
YBBB/R811
Curtin
Military
flying
NOTAM
a.
b.
c.
d.
YMMM/R850A/B
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R850A/B2254'26"S, 11607'49"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214'05"S, 11405'38"E) to
2407'12"S, 11321'00"E;
2251'49"S, 11350'54"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 40 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME to
2227'47"S, 11446'13"E.
YMMM/R851A/B/C
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R851A/B/C2122'24"S,
11602'08"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 120 NM in radius centered on
Learmonth DME (2214'05"S,
11405'38"E) to 2254'26"S,
11607'49"E; 2227'47"S,
11446'13"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 40 NM in radius centered on
Learmonth DME to 2157'04"S,
11444'39"E.
1604'26"S, 12056'17"E.
1404'27"S, 12256'24"E.
1504'57"S. 12358'17"E.
1704'28"S, 12156'18"E.
12
Pub. 160
Australia
26
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Area
Name
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Chartlet
No.
YMMM/R852A/B
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R852A/B2024'43"S, 11459'27"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 120 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214'05"S, 11405'38"E) to
2122'24"S, 11602'08"E;
2157'04"S, 11444'39"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 40 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME to
2137'40"S, 11423'44"E.
YMMM/R853A/B
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R853A/B1952'35"S, 11310'54"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 150 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214'05"S, 11405'38"E) to
1957'19"S, 11512'42"E;
2052'05"S, 11446'07"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 90 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME to
2049'14"S, 11332'34"E.
YMMM/R854A/B
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R854A/B2049'14"S, 11332'34"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 90 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214'05"S, 11405'38"E) to
2052'05"S, 11446'07"E;
2137'40"S, 11423'44"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 40 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME, to
2136'25"S, 11350'49"E.
YMMM/R859A/B/C
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R859A/B/CA circle 40 NM in
radius centered on Learmonth DME
(2214'05''S, 11405'38"E).
YMMM/R860A/B/C
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R860A/B/CA circle 25 NM in
radius centered on Learmonth DME
(2214'05''S, 11405'38"E).
YMMM/R861A/B
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R861A/B2229'33"S, 11229'59"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 90 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214'05"S, 11405'38"E) to
2049'14"S, 11332'34"E;
2136'25"S, 11350'49"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 40 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME to
2221'08"S, 11323'11"E.
YMMM/R862A/B
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R862A/B2239'16"S, 11126'00"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 150 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214'05"S, 11405'38"E) to
1952'35"S, 11310'54"E;
2049'14"S, 11332'34"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 90 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME to
2229'33"S, 11229'59"E.
Pub. 160
Australia
27
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Area
Name
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Chartlet
No.
YMMM/R863A/B
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R863A/B2229'33"S, 11229'59"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 90 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214'05"S, 11405'38"E) to
2338'56"S, 11332'16"E;
2435'26"S, 11309'38"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 150 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME to
2239'16"S, 11126'00"E.
YMMM/R864A/B
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R864A/B2338'56"S, 11332'16"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 90 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214' 05"S, 11405'38"E) to
2229'33"S, 11229'59"E;
2221'08"S, 11323'11"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 40 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME to
2251'49"S, 11350'54"E.
YMMM/R870
Learmonth
Military
flying
NOTAM
R870A2210'43"S, 11359'06"E;
then along Line Road to 2214'09"S,
11358'01"E; 2228'39"S,
11401'32"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 15 NM in radius centered on
Learmonth DME (2214'05"S,
11405'38"E) to 2206'41"S,
11351'35"E.
Military
flying
NOTAM
R870B2206'41"S, 11351'35"E;
then the minor arc of a circle 15 NM
in radius centered on Learmonth
DME (2214'05"S, 11405'38"E) to
2228'55"S, 11402'50"E;
2253'37"S, 11358'10"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 40 NM in radius
centered on Learmonth DME to
2154'07"S, 11328'18"E.
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
SOUTH AUSTRALIA
Area
YMMM/R231
Name
Adelaide
Nature of
Activity
Military
flying
Times of
Use
NOTAM
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
3447'27"S, 13824'26"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 11 NM in radius
centered on Adelaide DME
(3456'49"S, 13831'28"E) to
3457'08"S, 13818'06"E; 3458'09"S,
13747'42"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 36 NM in radius centered on
Adelaide DME to 3426'08"S,
13808'33"E.
Chartlet
No.
10
Pub. 160
Australia
28
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
SOUTH AUSTRALIA
Area
Name
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Chartlet
No.
YMMM/R254
North East
Rock
Military
flying
NOTAM
3507'00"S, 13621'43"E; then the
major arc of a circle 7 NM in radius
centered on 3504'30"S, 13629'40"E
to 3507'00"S, 13637'37"E.
10
YMMM/R279
Edinburgh
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
3518'08"S, 13652'48"E; then N
along the coast of the Yorke Peninsula
to 3458'12"S, 13746'05"E;
3457'38"S, 13803'31"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 23 NM in radius
centered on Adelaide DME
(3456'49"S, 13831'28"E) to
3505'02"S, 13805'19"E; 3535'27"S,
13723'33"E; then W along the N
coast of Kangaroo Island to
3543'19"S, 13643'13"E; then the
minor arc of a circle 100 NM in radius
centered on Adelaide DME to
3521'44"S, 13633'21"E.
10
YMMM/R282
Adelaide
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
3610'00"S, 13810'00"E; 3615'26"S,
13731'00"E; 3652'11"S,
13704'08"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 150 NM in radius centered on
Edinburgh TAC (3442'17"S,
13836'45"E) to 3703'57"S,
13938'12"E; 3554'48"S,
13907'39"E; 3542'02"S,
13857'43"E; then the minor arc of a
circle 50 NM in radius centered on
Adelaide DME (3456'49"S,
13831'28"E) to 3545'40"S,
13818'03"E.
10
YMMM/R292
Port Wakefield
Military
flying/nonflying
H24
R292A
a. 3427'06"S, 13808'30"E.
b. 3413'30"S, 13808'30"E.
c. 3413'30"S, 13811'59"E., then
SE along Port Wakefield Road to
d. 3419'57"S, 13816'15"E.
e. 3425'18"S, 13816'06"E.
f. 3427'15"S, 13813'29"E.
10
NOTAM
R292B
a. 3427'06"S, 13808'30"E.
b. 3413'30"S, 13808'30"E.
c. 3413'30"S, 13811'59"E., then
SE along Port Wakefield Road to
d. 3419'57"S, 13816'15"E.
e. 3425'18"S, 13816'06"E.
f. 3427'15"S, 13813'29"E.
10
Pub. 160
Australia
29
RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS WITH ASSOCIATED AIRSPACE
SOUTH AUSTRALIA
Area
YMMM/R292
YMMR/R303
A/B
Name
Port Wakefield
Alamein
Area limits bound by lines joining
positions stated, unless otherwise
indicated
Nature of
Activity
Times of
Use
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R292C
a. 3425'47"S, 13815'27"E.
b. 3429'30"S, 13816'30"E.
c. 3429'30"S, 13808'30"E.
d. 3427'06"S, 13808'30"E.
e. 3427'15"S, 13813'29"E.
10
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R292D
a. 3429'30"S, 13816'30"E.
b. 3434'00"S, 13818'00"E.
c. 3434'00"S, 13808'30"E.
d. 3429'30"S, 13808'30"E.
10
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R292E
a. 3424'00"S, 13803'30"E.
b. 3413'30"S, 13803'30"E.
c. 3413'30"S, 13808'30"E.
d. 3424'00"S, 13808'30"E.
10
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R292F
a. 3424'00"S, 13803'30"E.
b. 3429'27"S, 13803'30"E.
c. 3434'00"S, 13806'30"E.
d. 3434'00"S, 13808'30"E.
e. 3424'00"S, 13808'30"E.
10
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R303A
a. 3243'11"S, 13732'47"E.
b. 3239'11"S, 13734'56"E.
c. 3240'21"S, 13735'45"E.
d. 3240'28"S, 13740'00"E.
e. 3240'46"S, 13740'04"E.
f. 3240'49"S, 13746'44"E.
g. 3244'36"S, 13748'35"E.
h. 3254'06"S, 13748'34"E.
i. 3258'24"S, 13742'43"E.
j. 3254'43"S, 13738'22"E.
k. 3254'36"S, 13738'01"E.
l. 3255'11"S, 13735'07"E.
10
Military
flying/nonflying
NOTAM
R303B
a. 3242'23"S, 13729'35"E.
b. 3238'54"S, 13731'29"E.
c. 3255'22"S, 13734'08"E.
d. 3255'56"S, 13734'16"E.
e. 3256'20"S, 13732'00"E.
f. 3251'16"S, 13730'48"E.
g. 3243'33"S, 13729'35"E.
10
Firing Areas
Firing Practice and Exercise Areas
The tables and graphics displayed below indicate details
concerning the declared firing practice areas under Australian
Army, Air Force, and Naval Forces Regulations.
Firing practice areas may be selected anywhere and details
are published in the Australian Government Gazette and the
Chartlet
No.
Designated Airspace Handbook.
In view of the responsibility of range authorities to avoid accidents, the limits of practice areas are not shown on charts and
descriptions of areas do not appear in the Sailing Directions
(Enroute). However, beacons, lights, and buoys associated with
the areas, which may be of assistance to the mariner, and targets, which might be a danger to navigation, will generally be
shown on charts and, when appropriate, will be mentioned in
Pub. 160
30
Pub. 160
Australia
Courtesy of the Australian Hydrographic Service
Chartlet No. 7
Australia
31
Courtesy of the Australian Hydrographic Service
Chartlet No. 8
the Sailing Directions.
Types of Firing Practices
The principal types of practice include the following:
1. Bombing practice from aircraft.Warning signals
usually shown.
2. Air-to-air, air-to-sea or air-to-ground firing.Air-toair firing is carried out by aircraft at a large white or red
sleeve, a winged target, or a flag towed by another aircraft
moving on a steady course. Air-to-sea firing or air-to-ground
firing is carried out from an aircraft at towed or stationary
targets on sea or land, the firing in each case being directed
seawards.
3. Anti-aircraft firing.This may from anti-aircraft guns
or machine guns directed at a target towed by an aircraft, a
unpiloted aircraft, a balloon, or a kite. Firing may take place
from shore batteries or ships.
4. Firing from shore batteries or ships.Firing at fixed
Pub. 160
32
Australia
Courtesy of the Australian Hydrographic Service
Chartlet No. 9
Pub. 160
Australia
33
Courtesy of the Australian Hydrographic Service
Chartlet No. 10
Pub. 160
34
Australia
Courtesy of the Australian Hydrographic Service
Chartlet No. 12
or floating targets.
5. Remote-controlled craft.Surface craft, orange in
color and 6.4m long, carry no distinctive shapes or lights.
They are, however, fitted with navigation lights appropriate
to the size in accordance with 72COLREGS. These craft are
remotely controlled from helicopters, ships, and, occasionally, from shore.
6. Rocket and guided weapons firing.These may take
the forms as listed in paragraphs 1, 2, and 3 above. All such
firings are conducted under Clear (Air and Sea) Range procedures. Devices are generally incorporated whereby the
missiles may be destroyed should their flight be erratic.
Pub. 160
Visual Warning Signals
Visual warning signals are used, as follows:
1. Ships engaged in firing operations fly a red flag during
daylight hours.
2. Range safety craft, target towers, or control launches
for radio-controlled towers will display the following:
a. A large red flag at the masthead.
b. A painted canvas strip (dimensions: 1.8m by 0.9m)
with red and white or red and yellow checks in 0.3m
squares on the foredeck or cabin roof.
Ships and aircraft engaged in night exercises may illuminate
the area with bright white flares.
Australia
35
AustraliaFishing Areas
Vessels should comply with all requests made by range safety craft.
The absence of warning signals should not be used as evidence that an exercise is not underway.
Definitions
A Restricted Area (R) is an area of defined dimensions within which certain restrictions are applied to aircraft. When
shown as an R Area in Notices to Mariners, the air activity extends to sea level and the nature of the activity is such that dangers to maritime traffic may exist at specified times within the
area.
A Prohibited Area (P) is an area of defined dimensions within which ships are not permitted at any time under any circumstances.
A Surface Restricted Area (SR) is a surface area of defined
dimensions within which activities dangerous to maritime traffic may exist at specified times. The restriction is applicable to
maritime traffic only.
The limits of all the areas are laid down numerically by
States. Naval practice firings outside of the declared areas may
be approved by the Department of Defense (Navy Office) from
time to time. Warnings concerning firing practices are promulgated by Notices to Airmen (NOTAM) originated by the RAN
and RAAF.
Fishing Areas
Extensive commercial fishing activities take place off the
coast. Floating buoys and their associated moorings should be
avoided.
South Australia.Extensive lobster fishing is carried out
from November to June between the vicinity of Margaret
Brock Reef (3658'S., 13936'E.) and Cape Nelson (3826'S.,
14132'E.) and between the shore and the 150m curve. Vessels
are requested to keep at least 10 miles clear of Cape Banks
(3754'S., 14023'E.).
General
Vessels are requested to transit off the coast in accordance
with the following recommendations, if possible:
1. South Australia, Victoria, and Western Australiaoutside the 200m curve.
2. New South Walesoutside the 220m curve.
A significant level of commercial fishing takes place in Torres Strait during the prawn season, which occurs from May
through September. These vessels work exclusively at night
and anchor in the lee of the islands by day.
Pearl beds, which may be floating or fixed structures, and
their associated moorings should be avoided. The beds are generally marked by buoys or beacons, which may be lit.
Pub. 160
Australia
36
Government
Heard Island and the McDonald Islands
Heard Island and the McDonald Islands (5300'S.,
7300'E.) lie about 2,500 miles SW of Fremantle and are under
the control of the Australian Government. Heard Island, of volcanic origin, is about 27 miles long and 13 miles wide; Shag Island lies about 5 miles N of it. The McDonald Islands lie 26
miles W of Heard Island and consist of two small islands and a
rock. All the islands are barren and uninhabited.
The islands are located within a marine reserve. Vessels may
transit the territorial sea under innocent passage but a permit is
required for all other activities.
The Time Zone description is GOLF (-7). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
Flag of Australia
Australia, a fully independent nation within the British Commonwealth of Nations, is a democratic federal/state system
recognizing the British monarch as sovereign. The country is
divided into six states and two territories.
Elizabeth II, recognized as the Chief of State, appoints a
Governor-General. The bicameral Parliament is composed of a
76-member Senate (directly elected to 6-year terms) and a 150member House of Representatives (directly elected through
proportional representation to 3-year terms).
The legal system is base on English common law.
The capital is Canberra.
Dependent Islands
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands (1205'S., 9653'E.) lie in the
Indian Ocean about 2,770 miles NW of Perth. The group is
formed by two separate atolls and consists of some 27 small
coral islands with a total area of about 14.2 km2.
The islands are low-lying, flat, and thickly covered by coconut palms. They surround a lagoon in which vessels, with
drafts of up to 7m, may anchor, but which is extremely difficult
for navigation.
The islands were placed (1955) under the authority of the
Australian Government as the Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands. An Administrator, appointed by the Governor-General,
is the governments representative in the Territory and is responsible to the Minister for Territories and Local Government.
West Island is the largest of the group and the site of the airport. The climate is pleasant, being moderated by the SE trade
winds for 9 months of the year.
The observed Standard Time is 6 hours 30 minutes fast of
UTC. Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
Christmas Island
Christmas Island (1025'S., 10540'E.), an isolated peak,
lies in the Indian Ocean, about 225 miles S of the W end of Java. It is under the control of the Australian Government with an
Administrator responsible for local administration. Extraction
and export of rock phosphate dust is the islands only industry.
The island is about 11 miles long and 4.5 miles wide.
The Time Zone description is GOLF (-7). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
Pub. 160
Macquarie Island
Macquarie Island (5436'S., 15853'E.) is located in the
Southern Ocean approximately 810 miles SE of Tasmania.
Sovereignty was claimed by Britain in 1825 and Macquarie Island became part of the colony of Van Diemans Land, which
subsequently became Tasmania, and part of the Commonwealth of Australia.
Macquarie Island is 21 miles long and approximately 3 miles
wide. It is geologically unique, being the only place on Earth
where rocks from the Earth's mantle are exposed above sea level. There are no trees on the island, which is covered by tussock grass and other low growing plants. Most of the island
consists of a plateau at a general elevation of 245m, rising to
low rounded spurs and hills ranging in height from 365 to
425m. The edge of the plateau falls away abruptly to the sea or
to narrow beaches. Landing is difficult.
The island is home to a variety of wildlife, including elephant and fur seals, penguins, and numerous sea birds. A penguin colony at Hurd Point is home to over 1 million birds
during the breeding season.
The climate is sub-Antarctic and characterized by persistent
strong winds, cloudy skies, and frequent precipitation of rain or
snow. Winds are predominantly from the W and NW at an average speed of about 16 knots. Mean annual temperatures
range from about 3C to 7C. There is no permanent snow or
ice cover. The island is often obscured by mist or low cloud.
Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island (2902'S., 16757'E.) lies in the Pacific
Ocean about 860 miles NE of Sydney. The island, discovered
by James Cook in 1714, became part of Australia in 1914 when
it was accepted as a Territory under the authority of the Australian Government
The Territory of Norfolk Island comprises Norfolk Island,
Philip Island, and Nepean Island.
Norfolk Island is a self-governing territory, controls its own
treasury, and raises revenue under its own system of laws.
Coral Sea Islands
The Coral Sea Islands Territory, situated in two areas of the
Coral Sea, is approximately 782,000 square kilometers in area.
The territory was established in 1969.
The coral and sand islands are quite small with some grass
and low vegetation cover. There is no fresh water. Most of the
islands have been declared nature reserves and are normally
uninhabited.
Australia
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
The Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Island, comprising
West Island, Middle Island and East Island of Ashmore Reef;
Cartier Island; and the 12-mile territorial sea generated by
those islands, lies about 450 miles W of Darwin and about 170
miles off the NW coast of Australia.
Ashmore Island (1214'S., 12304'E.) is located on the outer edge of the Australian continental shelf in the Indian Ocean;
Cartier Island lies about 33 miles SE of Ashmore Island.
Much of the territory is declared a Nature Reserve and Marine Reserve, with many areas closed to the public. Access to
East Island and Middle Island is by permit only. The area within 4 miles of Cartier Island is closed to all persons. An agreement between Australia and Indonesia allows traditional
Indonesian fishermen access to certain parts of Ashmore Reserve to access fresh water, seek shelter, and visit grave sites.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
37
Katherine Show Day (July)
Darwin Show Day (July)
Borroloola Show Day (June)
Picnic Day (August)
2. Australian Capital Territory:
Canberra Day (March)
Family and Community Day (September)
3. South Australia:
Adelaide Cup Day (March)
Proclamation Day (December 26)
4. Tasmania:
Devonport Cup Day (January)
Hobart Regatta (February)
Launceton Cup Day (February)
Eight Hours Day (March)
King Island Show Day (March)
AGFEST (May)
Burnie Show Day (October)
Royal Launceton Show Day (October)
Flinders Island Show Day (October)
Royal Hobart Show Day (October)
Recreation Day (November) (northern Tasmania only)
Devonport Show Day (December)
5. Western Australia:
Foundation Cup Day (June)
Melbourne Cup Day (November)
The following holidays are observed on Christmas Island:
January 1 *
New Years Day
January 26 *
Australia Day
First Monday in March
Labor Day (Western
Australia only)
Second Monday in March
Labor Day (Victoria only)
Good Friday
Variable
Easter Saturday
Variable
January 1
New Years Day
Easter Sunday
Variable
Chinese New Year
Variable
Easter Monday
Variable
Good Friday
Variable
April 25
ANZAC Day
Hari Raya Puasa
Variable
First Monday in May
Labor Day (Northern
Territory and Queensland
only)
Mari Raya Haji
Variable
December 25
Christmas Day
Second Monday in June
Queens Birthday (except
Western Australia)
Last Monday in
September/first Monday
in October
Queens Birthday (Western
Australia only)
First Monday in October
Labor Day (Australian
Capital Territory, South
Australia, and New South
Wales only)
December 25
Christmas Day
December 26
Boxing Day
* If the holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, it is observed
on the following Monday.
The following additional holidays in Australia are observed
locally:
1. Northern Territory:
Alice Springs Show Day (July)
Tennant Creek Day (July)
Ice
Icebergs, some of immense size, may drift in from Antarctica. The mean northernmost limit, usually reached during the
first quarter, extends from a point about 150 miles S of Cape
Leeuwin, then E to near longitude 13000'E, and then SE to a
position about 400 miles S of Cape Northumberland.
Industries
The main industries are mining, industrial and transportation
equipment, food processing, chemicals, and steel.
The main exports are coal, gold, meat, wool, aluminum, iron
ore, wheat, machinery, and transport equipment. The main export trading partners are China, Japan, and South Korea.
The main imports are machinery and transport equipment,
computers and office machines, telecommunications equipment and parts, and crude oil and petroleum products. The
main import-trading partners are China, the United States, Japan, and Singapore.
Pub. 160
38
Australia
Courtesy of Geoscience Australia (http://www.ga.gov.au)
Australias Maritime Jurisdiction
Pub. 160
Australia
39
Languages
Offshore Drilling
English is the official language. There are some native dialects in use.
Petroleum exploration rigs and production platforms may be
encountered off the coasts of Australia. The main areas of activity are in the NE part of Bass Strait, in the Timor Sea, and
off the NW coast of Australia, especially in the vicinity of Varanus Island (2039'S., 11535'E.), E of Barrow Island and the
Montebello Islands, up to 85 miles WNW through N of the
Dampier Archipelago, NW of Mary Ann Passage (2112'S.,
11528'E.), and about 25 miles NNW of North West Cape
(2148'S. 11410'E.). Isolated rigs may be encountered anywhere.
Safety zones extend a radius of 500m around fixed
structures. Only authorized vessels may enter the safety zones.
A cautionary zone may also extend a radius of 2.5 miles
around the structure.
Drill rigs are moored within a ring of large anchor buoys;
this ring may exceed a diameter of 1 mile. The anchor buoys
are unlit and may not give a good radar return.
When there is sufficient sea room to do so, vessels should
not pass within 2.5 miles of exploration rigs or production platforms, giving sufficient allowance for prevailing weather conditions and the possibility of engine, steering, or other
mechanical failure.
Production platforms and exploration rigs maintain a continuous listening watch on VHF channel 16.
Meteorology
Marine weather forecasts and high seas warnings are available in English from the Australian Commonwealth Bureau of
Meteorology.
Bureau of Meteorology Home Page
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Mined Areas
The following areas are declared dangerous due to mines
laid during the war of 1939-1945:
1. Napier Broome Bay.An area within a circle, with a
radius of 1 mile, centered on position 1404'S, 12640'E.
2. Cartier Island.An area within a circle, with a radius
of 5 miles, centered on position 1232.0'S, 12332.5'E.
Due to the elapse of time, the risk in these areas to surface
navigation is now considered no more dangerous than the ordinary risks of navigation. However, a very real risk still exists
with regard to anchoring, fishing, or carrying out any form of
submarine or sea bed activity.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volumes
Pub. 127, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of Australia and New Zealand.
Pub. 175, Sailing Directions (Enroute) North, West, and
South Coasts of Australia
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Australia are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles. **
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
* Claims straight baselines. Claims Anxious Bay, Rivoli
Bay, Encounter Bay, and Lacepede Bay as historic waters.
** Certain islands in Torres Strait retain a territorial sea
limit of 3 miles. A special claim extends the territorial sea
limit to include a roadstead of the port of Karumba in the
Gulf of Carpentaria.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Indonesian groups have challenged Australias claim to Ashmore Reef (1215'S., 12303'E.) and Cartier Island (1232'S.,
12332'E.).
Pollution
Insurance Requirements
All vessels 400 gross tons and over carrying oil as cargo or
bunkers must have a relevant insurance certificate when visiting an Australian port. This requirement does not apply to oil
tankers already required to have insurance under the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage
1992. The relevant insurance certificate must contain the following information:
1. Vessel name.
2. Owners name.
3. Name and business address of insurance provider.
4. Commencement date of insurance coverage.
5. Amount of coverage provided.
Further information on these requirements can be obtained
from Environment Protection Standards of the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), as follows:
1. Telephone:
02-6279-5007
2. E-mail:
Using the contact form found at the
AMSA web address listed below:
http://www.amsa.gov.au/Contact_Us
Pollution Reports
All vessels navigating within Australian territorial waters
must report incidents involving the following:
1. A discharge or probable discharge of oil, or noxious
liquid substances in bulk, resulting from damage to the vessel or its equipment, or for the purposes of securing the safety of a vessel or saving life at sea (Harmful Substances
(HS) Report).
2. A discharge or probable discharge of harmful sub-
Pub. 160
40
Australia
stances in packaged form, including those of freight containers, portable tanks, road and rail vehicles, and shipborne
barges (Marine Pollutants (MP) Report).
3. A loss or likely loss overboard into the sea of packaged
dangerous goods, including those in freight containers, portable tanks, road and rail vehicles, and shipborne barges
(Dangerous Goods (DG) Report).
4. Damage, failure, or breakdown of a vessel 15m long or
greater which either:
a. Affects the safety of the ship, including but not limited to collision, grounding, fire, explosion, structural failure, flooding, and cargo shifting.
b. Results in impairment of the safety of navigation,
including but not limited to failure or breakdown of steering gear, propulsion plant, electrical generating system,
and essential shipborne navigational aids.
5. A discharge during the operation of the ship of oil or
noxious liquid substances in excess of the quantity or instantaneous rate permitted under the current MARPOL Convention.
The pollution report (POLREP) should be sent to the General Manager, Ship Safety Division in the Australian Maritime
Safety Authority (AMSA), Canberra through JRCC Australia.
JRCC Australia can be contacted 24 hours, as follows:
1. Telephone:
61-2-6230-6811
1-800-641-792 (toll free in Australia)
2. Facsimile:
61-2-6230-6868
1-800-622-153 (toll free in Australia)
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
Information required in the three reports can be found in Appendix II in the table titled AustraliaPollution Reports by
Vessels Suffering a Casualty.
Vessels rendering assistance or undertaking salvage work
with vessels who have submitted an HS Report or an MP Report are also required to submit these reports. Information required by these reports can be found in Appendix II in the table
titled AustraliaPollution Reports by Vessels Rendering
Assistance or Undertaking Salvage Work.
Regulations
Ship Pre-Arrival Report
Foreign flag vessels are required to submit pre-arrival information using the Australian Customs Services Form 13 (Ship
Pre-Arrival Report); this information should be sent at least 96
hours prior to arrival or, as follows:
1. If the duration of the voyage from the previous port is
less than 96 hours, the report should be submitted 72 hours
in advance.
2. If the duration of the voyage from the previous port is
less than 72 hours, the report should be submitted 48 hours
in advance.
3. If the duration of the voyage from the previous port is
less than 48 hours, the report should be submitted 24 hours
in advance.
4. If the duration of the voyage from the previous port is
less than 24 hours, the report should be submitted 12 hours
in advance.
Australian Customs Services Form 13 (Ship Pre-Arrival Report) can be obtained from the Australian Customs Service
Pub. 160
web site, as follows:
Australia Customs Home Page
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The Ship Pre-Arrival Report contains security related fields
requiring the following information:
1. Details of the International Ship Security Certificate
(ISSC).
2. The current security level at which the ship is currently
operating.
3. The last ten ports of call, with departure dates, and the
security level at each port.
4. When the security level at any of these ports is different from that of the ship, details of any special/specific security measures implemented by the ship.
5. Details of any ship-to-ship activity within the last ten
ports of call.
6. Next four ports of call, including Australian ports,
where known.
Quarantine
The Department of Agriculture and Water Resources (formerly the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry
(DAFF)) currently requires all vessels 25m long and over arriving in Australia from overseas, or who have been in contact
with overseas vessels or sea installations, to submit a Pre-Arrival Report (PAR) to the Department of Agriculture and Water
Resources. Vessels must submit the PAR 96 to 12 hours prior
to arriving at an Australian port. The PAR provides important
information to the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources to conduct a biosecurity risk assessment of the vessel
prior to its arrival at an Australian port.
The preferred PAR submission method is electronically
(eQPAR Form 009), although a written submission (PAR Form
010a) submitted through the vessels agent may also be accepted. The report can be accessed from the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources web site.
Department of Agriculture and Water Resources
Home Page
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Department of Agriculture and Water Resources
(eQPAR Form 009 and PAR Form 010a)
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vessels/vessel-clearance/vessels
Vessels submit a Ballast Water Report if it is intended that
the vessel will discharge, or has already discharged, ballast water in Australian waters (within 12 miles of the Australian
baseline). The report should be provided 12 to 96 hours prior to
the intended discharge. Reports are to be submitted to the Maritime National Coordination Center by e-mail ([email protected]) or by facsimile (1-300-005-882
when inside Australia or 6-18-8201-6176 when outside Australia).
Australia
Vessels discharging ballast water using a Ballast Water Management System will submit a Ballast Water Management System Report (Form AG09). Other vessels will submit a Ballast
Water Report other than Ballast Water Management Systems
(Form AG23). These forms can be accessed from the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources web site.
Department of Agriculture and Water
Resources Ballast Water Management (Form
AG09 and Form AG23)
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vessels/quarantine-concerns/ballast
Vessels intending to visit a non-proclaimed port, defined as a
remote port with no active Department of Agriculture and Water Resources presence, must obtain prior permission to do so
by submitting the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources Form 20AA at least 10 days prior to arrival at the port.
Copies of the form can be accessed from the Department of
Agriculture and Water Resources web site.
Department of Agriculture and Water
Resources Form 20AA
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vessels/vessel-clearance/s20aa-s33-applicationsguides
Note.The Department of Agriculture and Water Resources
is preparing to launch (2016) a new system called the Maritime
Arrivals Reporting System (MARS). The system will be used
for vessels arriving at a pilot location as a first port only. A pilot program covering only Mackay and Gladstone came into
operation in July 2016. Further information can be found on
the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources home
page at the following links:
MARSPilot and Implementation
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vessels/mars/pilot
MARSCommunications and Training
Materials
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vessels/mars/mars-/communications-trainingmaterials
Department of Agriculture and Water Resources First Ports
of Entry are, as follows:
1. Queensland (listed from N to S)
a. Weipa.
b. Cairns.
c. Mourliyan Harbour.
d. Lucinda.
e. Townsville.
f. Mackay.
g. Hay Point (Dalyrimple Bay).
41
h. Port Alma.
i. Gladstone.
j. Bundaberg.
k. Brisbane.
l. Bowen.
m. Port Kennedy.
2. New South Wales
a. Yamba.
b. Coffs Harbour.
c. Lord Howe Island.
d. Newcastle.
e. Sydney, including Port Jackson.
f. Botany Bay (Sydney).
g. Port Kembla.
h. Eden (Twofold Bay).
3. Victoria (listed from E to W)
a. Westernport.
b. Melbourne.
c. Geelong.
d. Portland.
4. Tasmania (listed from E to W)
a. Hobart, including Risdon and Selfs Point.
b. Launceton, including Beauty Point, Bell Bay, and
Long Reach.
c. Devonport.
d. Burnie.
e. Port Latta.
f. Port Huon.
g. Spring Bay.
h. Stanley.
5. South Australia (listed from E to W)
a. Port Adelaide.
b. Androssan.
c. Port Giles.
d. Wallaroo.
e. Port Pirie.
f. Port Bonython.
g. Whyalla.
h. Port Lincoln.
i. Cape Thevenard.
6. Western Australia (listed from S to N)
a. Esperance.
b. Albany.
c. Bunbury.
d. Fremantle, including Kwinana.
e. Geraldton.
f. Carnarvon.
g. Exmouth.
h. Dampier.
i. Port Hedland.
j. Broome.
k. Derby.
l. Port Walcott.
m. Wyndham.
7. Northern Territory (listed from W to E)
a. Darwin.
b. Melville Bay.
c. Miller Bay.
Single Hull Oil Tankers (SHOT)
Australia is in the process of phasing in a ban on all SHOT
Pub. 160
Australia
42
by 2010. Further information can be found in Australian Maritime Safety Organization (AMSA) Marine Notice 13/2004, at
the AMSA website, as follows:
AMSA Marine Notices 2004
Further information concerning the exact location of
Submarine Cable Protection Zones, as well as prohibited and
regulated activities within these areas, can be found at the
Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA)
web site, as follows:
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2004/index.asp
ACMA Home Page (Submarine Cables)
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Submarine Cable Protection Zones
Australia has established Submarine Cable Protection Zones
to prevent damage to critical underwater telecommunications
cables, as follows:
1. Western AustraliaPerth Protection Zone.Extends from City Beach, Perth for 51 miles offshore or to a
depth of 2,000m. The zone extends 1 mile on either side of
the SEA-ME-WE3 Cable, which links Australias communications network with Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and
western Europe.
2. New South Wales:
a. Northern Sydney Protection Zone.Extends
from Narrabeen Beach for 40 miles offshore or to a depth
of 2,000m, covering the N branches of the Australia-Japan
Cable, the Southern Cross Cable, the Pipe Pacific Cable,
the Australia-Papua New Guinea Cable, and the
Gondwana Cable. The zone extends 1 mile on either side
of each cable and includes the area between the two
cables.
b. Southern Sydney Protection Zone.Extends
from Tamarara Beach and Clovelly Beach for 30 miles
offshore or to a depth of 2,000m, covering the S branches
of the Australia-Japan Cable, the Southern Cross Cable,
the Tasman 2 Cable, and the Endeavor Cable. The zone
extends 1 mile on either side of each cable and includes
the area between the two cables.
Marine Mammals
Cetaceans (including porpoises, dolphins and whales) in
Commonwealth waters are protected under the Environmental
Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 which
established the Australian Whale Sanctuary encompassing the
waters of the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone.
It is an offense to kill, interfere with, injure, take, trade, keep,
or move a cetacean in the Australian Whale Sanctuary.
Interference with a cetacean includes harassing, chasing,
herding, tagging, marking, or branding.
Regulations for watching whales and dolphins are in place in
all Australian waters. These aim to minimize disturbance and
interruptions to the normal behavior patterns of the animals.
The diagrams in the graphics titled Approach Distances for
Whales and Approach Distances for Dolphins give the
minimum approach distance and show the best strategies for
vessels to approach whales and dolphins.
Whales and dolphins may come close to vessels. In this
instance ship masters should take precautions to avoid a
collision, either by slowing down and steering away from the
animal or placing the engines in neutral and let the animal pass.
Queensland
Vessels on arrival at any port in Queensland should obtain a
copy of the port regulations.
AustraliaWhale Information
Species
Status
Location
Time Frame
Blue whale
Endangered
All Australian waters but primarily off the Perth
Canyon (Western Australia), Geographe Bay
(Western Australia), and the Bonney Upwelling
(southeast Australia to western Victoria).
Migration patterns are
poorly known.
Southern right whale
Endangered
All Australian waters, except off Northern Territory,
but primarily off the S coast of Australia from Perth
(Western Australia) to Eden (New South Wales).
May to November.
Humpback whale
Vulnerable
All Australian waters, except off Northern Territory,
but primarily off the S. Migration occurs along the E
and W coasts of Australia.
May to November.
Sei whale
Vulnerable
Recorded in the waters of Western Australia, South
Australia, Tasmania, and Queensland.
Migration patterns are
poorly known.
Fin whale
Vulnerable
Recorded in the waters of Western Australia, South
Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Queensland.
Migration patterns are
poorly known.
The following sound signals are in force in Queensland
rivers:
1. The master of every powered vessel shall, immediately
before casting off from any wharf or jetty in any river in
Pub. 160
Queensland, signify his purpose to do so by a prolonged
blast on the whistle or siren.
2. The master of every powered vessel proceeding up any
river in Queensland and approaching any bend shall sound
Australia
43
Courtesy of Australian Seafarers Handbook
Approach Distances for Whales
on the whistle or siren a short blast followed by a long blast.
The master of any vessel proceeding down any river and
approaching any bend shall sound on the whistle or siren a
long blast followed by a short blast.
3. When a powered vessel underway in any river in
Queensland is about to turn around, the master shall signify
such purpose by four short blasts on the whistle or siren followed, after a short interval, if turning with its head to starboard, by one short blast and, if with its head to port, by two
short blasts; and, while such vessel is turning shall repeat
such signal to any approaching vessel; the master of the latter vessel shall take action to avoid collision.
4. Power-driven ferries operating across Queensland rivers, exhibit a green light visible all-round the horizon, at
each end of the vessel.
5. In the Brisbane River, when such vessels are underway,
they exhibit an additional red flashing light visible all-round
the horizon, from a position midway between the center of
the ferry and the forward green light.
Speed.Every powered vessel when underway within the
limits of any port in Queensland, shall be navigated at such reduced speed as to not endanger the safety of any other vessel or
vessels or moorings, or cause damage thereto, or to the banks
of any river, or to any wharf, jetty, dredged channel, beacon,
buoy, or other harbor improvement.
When passing a berthed container vessel with the portainer
boom in the lowered position, vessels should approach at the
minimum possible speed and, if possible, stop their engines
when passing.
Vessels with drafts over 2m must not exceed the prescribed
speed limits for the various ports.
Customs.The Collector of Customs has appointed certain
stations for the boarding or landing of customs officers at the
various ports in Queensland.
The signal to be shown for stopping vessels at such stations
shall be SQ of the International Code of Signals, or a red
light at night.
Explosives.Vessels carrying explosives in excess of 20
pounds are forbidden to proceed beyond certain points at ports
Approach Distances for Dolphins
in Queensland. For details, see Pub. 127, Sailing Directions
(Enroute) East Coast of Australia and New Zealand.
Western Australia
Masters of vessels must obey all directions given by the harbormaster regarding the anchorage location and the vessels
approach to it, coming alongside or leaving a jetty or wharf,
and the mooring and securing of the vessel.
Vessels shall not anchor in or near the middle of any fairway,
channel, or river. Vessels detained in the fairway, channel, or
river shall lie as close to one side as possible. Cables, chains,
hawsers, or ropes shall not be placed across any fairway, channel, or river without permission from the harbormaster.
Only the pilot or Health Officer shall be allowed alongside or
on board a vessel en route from a non-Australian port prior to
being cleared by the Health Officer. Personnel on board the
vessel will not be allowed to leave the vessel until it has been
cleared by the Health Officer and the Customs Officer.
Search and Rescue
JRCC Australia, a unit of the Australian Maritime Safety
Authority (AMSA), is responsible for both maritime and aviation search and rescue operations.
When a ship or an aircraft is in distress in the Australian
Search and Rescue Region (SRR), the boundaries of which are
identical to the boundaries of the Modernized Australian Ship
Tracking and Reporting System (MASTREP) area, assistance
may be given by vessels in the vicinity and/or the following authorities:
1. The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA),
through the Rescue Coordination Center Australia (JRCC
Australia), is responsible for search and rescue for civil aircraft, for merchant ships outside port limits, and for small
craft beyond the capacity of regional SAR resources. JRCC
Australia, located in Canberra, coordinates aircraft and surface vessels involved in search and rescue operations within
the Australian SRR and can be contacted, as follows:
a. Telephone:
61-2-6230-6811
Pub. 160
Australia
44
b. Facsimile:
61-2-6230-6868
c. E-mail:
[email protected]
JRCC Australia is also the Australian Mission Control
Center (AUMCC) for the COSPAS/SARSAT International
Satellite System used for the detection of distress beacons. It
is manned continuously and may be contacted through the
AMSA HF DSC network or via INMARSAT.
Australian Maritime Safety Authority (Search and
Rescue)
be recognized to ensure a smooth post-rescue effort while minimizing the disruption to the intended voyage of the rescuing
vessel. It provides guidance to ships masters on the processes
to be followed in relation to landing people who have been rescued at sea. Copies of the protocol can be obtained from the
web site listed below.
Protocol for Commercial Shipping Rescuing
Persons at Sea in or Adjacent to the Australian
Search and Rescue Region
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2. The AMSA HF DSC Network, which has stations located in Wiluna (Western Australia) and Charleville
(Queensland), is controlled from JRCC Australia and will respond to initial calls on HF DSC. Vessels wishing to communicate with the HF DSC network (station identifier: JRCC
Australia; call sign: VIC; MMSI number 005030001) are required to initiate a DSC call on the International Distress
Alerting Frequencies (4207.5 kHz, 6312.0 kHz, 8414.5 kHz,
12577.0 kHz, and 16804.5 kHz). The INMARSAT Land
Earth Station (LES) at Perth provides communications
through both the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and Pacific
Ocean Region (POR) satellites. Details of Australian Maritime Communications Stations (MCS) can be found in relevant International Telecommunications Union (ITU) and
ALRS publications.
3. The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) is responsible
for SAR operations involving Australian and foreign military
land-based aircraft, but may provide assistance to other SAR
authorities.
4. The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) is responsible for
SAR in respect to naval ships and aircraft.
5. State and Territory Police Forces are responsible for
SAR operations involving fishing vessels and pleasure craft
within the limitations of their SAR resources, but may provide assistance to other SAR authorities.
Ships fitted with suitable radio equipment can make a significant contribution to safety by guarding an appropriate International distress frequency for as long as practicable, whether or
not required to do so by regulations.
All Australian port radio stations use VHF channel 67 to
supplement VHF channel 16 as a distress, safety, and calling
frequency.
Masters of vessels operating within the Australian Search
and Rescue Region (SRR) are advised that an Australian Government protocol for ships assisting people in distress at sea is
in place. This protocol sets out important principles that must
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sea_rescue.aspx
The protocol requires the master of a vessel participating in a
rescue that is being coordinated by JRCC Australia to provide
certain information to JRCC Australia. Reports can be made 24
hours, as follows:
AMSA HF DSC Network:
MMSI 00503001
Toll-free:
1-800-641-792
Telephone:
61-2-6230-6811
Facsimile:
61-2-6230-6868
Volunteer Marine Rescue Groups
A number of volunteer marine rescue services operate closely with state marine authorities, police, customs, and various
state rescue services. Assistance provided by these groups include radio monitoring, safety patrols, search and rescue assistance, and marshaling at sporting/leisure events. Further
information about these groups can be obtained at the web sites
listed in the table titled Contact InformationAustralia Volunteer Rescue Services.
Ship Reporting System
The Modernized Australian Ship Tracking and Reporting
System (MASTREP)
The Modernized Australian Ship Tracking and Reporting
System (MASTREP) is compulsory for foreign vessels from
their arrival at their first Australian port until their departure
from their final Australian port and for all regulated Australian
vessels while in the MASTREP area. All other vessels are encouraged to participate when within the MASTREP area. Further information can be found in Appendix IMASTREP.
Contact InformationAustralia Volunteer Rescue Services
Organization
Pub. 160
Web Site
Australian Volunteer Coast Guard
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Marine Rescue New South Wales
http://www.marinerescuensw.com.au
Volunteer Marine Rescue Association Queensland
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Volunteer Marine Rescue Western Australia
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Northern Territory Emergency Service
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Australia
45
Contact InformationAustralia Volunteer Rescue Services
Organization
Web Site
Volunteer Marine Rescue Tasmania
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South Australia Sea Rescue Squadron
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Signals
accompanying table.
Port Control Signals
When a port in Australia is closed to navigation, the following signals are shown:
1. By day, a black cone, point up, between two black
balls, vertically disposed.
2. At night, a green light between two red lights, vertically disposed at the signal masthead.
Note.When these signals are shown, no other masthead
signals will be shown.
Caution.Some ports have their own signals. See the appropriate Sailing Directions (Enroute) publication for the port
concerned.
Port Priority Signals
In certain Australian ports, vessels of 35m or more in length
(less in some ports), when navigating within the pilotage waters of the port and requiring a priority or right-of-way over
other vessels, may display the following:
1. By day, when berthing or unberthing, the flag signals
as prescribed in the Port Authority By-laws.
2. At night, two lights mounted vertically, 2m apart, the
upper being green and the lower being red.
Navigation Signals
Navigation signals, shown 2m below the masthead, are used
to indicate navigational risk due to the state of the sea on a bar,
or to strong tidal currents or freshets in a river. These signals
are given in the accompanying table titled Navigation Signals.
Tide Signals
Tide
Day signal
Night signal
Flood tide
Black cone, point up
Green light
Ebb tide
Black ball
Red light
Slack water
Black cylinder
White light
Quarter Tide Signals.When shown with other signals,
they are displayed on the mast below the cross tree or the normal position of the crosstree. Quarter Tide Signals are not
shown with Depth Signals. When considered sufficient by local authorities, only 1st Quarter and 3rd Quarter Signals will be
shown to indicate 1st Half Tide and 2nd Half Tide. The signals
are given in the accompanying tables.
Flood Tide Quarter Tide Signals
Tide
Day signal
Night signal
1st Quarter
Black cone, point up
Green light
2nd Quarter
Black cone, point up
over black cylinder
Green light over
white light
3rd Quarter
Two black cones,
points up, vertically
disposed
Two green lights,
vertically disposed
4th Quarter
Black cylinder over
black cone, point up
White light over
green light
Navigation Signals
Condition
Normal
Day signal
Night signal
No signal shown
Moderate
Black cone, point
down
Dangerous
Two black cones,
points down,
vertically disposed
Quick flashing
green light
Ebb Tide Quarter Tide Signals
Tide
Tidal Signals
Tide Signals.Tide Signals, shown from the masthead, refer to vertical movements of the tide only and are given in the
Night signal
1st Quarter
Black ball
Red light
2nd Quarter
Black ball over
black cylinder
Red light over
white light
3rd Quarter
Two black balls,
vertically disposed
Two red lights,
vertically disposed
4th Quarter
Black cylinder over
black ball
White light over
red light
Quick flashing
red light
Datum Signals.This signal indicates that the yardarm
Depth Signals are to be subtracted. If shown at the same time
as Navigational Signals, the Datum Signal will be shown 2m
below the Tide Signals and the Navigational Signals.
The Datum Signals are, as follows:
1. Day signalBlack cylinder.
2. Night signalWhite light.
Day signal
Depth Signals
Depths signals are shown at the yardarm, with whole meter
signals being shown at the yardarm opposite the decimal signals.
The signals indicate the depth, in meters, above local port
datum, which may differ from chart datum. Depth Signals,
which are not displayed with Quarter Tide Signals, are given in
Pub. 160
Australia
46
the accompanying table.
Depth Signals
Depth
Day signal
Night signal
0.25m
Black ball
Red light
0.50m
Black cone, point up
Green light
0.75m
Black cylinder
White light
1m
Black ball over black
cone, point up
Red light over
green light
2m
Black ball over black
cylinder
Red light over
white light
3m
Black cone, point up,
over black ball
Green light over
red light
4m
Black cone, point up,
over black cylinder
Green light over
white light
5m
Two black cones,
points up, vertically
disposed
Two green lights,
vertically disposed
6m
Black cylinder over
black ball
White light over
red light
7m
Black cylinder over
black cone, point up
White light over
green light
8m
Two black cylinders,
vertically disposed
Two white lights,
vertically disposed
Storm Warning Signals
When bad weather prevails or is expected, special reports
and storm warnings are transmitted from the radio stations in
the area affected. Daily weather reports and forecasts are also
transmitted.
The following signals may be displayed when winds of force
8 or greater are expected:
1. Day signalOne black diamond.
2. Night signalTwo red lights, vertically disposed.
Weather reports and forecasts are posted up in post offices at
various ports in Australia.
Within Queensland, warnings of tropical cyclones are sent
by the Bureau of Meteorology, Brisbane, by telegram daily (including Sundays) to coastal radio stations.
Such warnings are also sent to postmasters, harbormasters,
police, and general public broadcasting stations in and adjacent
to areas likely to be affected. Coastal Radio Stations broadcast
such warnings to all ships on receipt. The Bureau issues warnings at 6 hour intervals when a cyclone center is more than 150
miles from the coast. If less than 150 miles from the coast, additional warnings are issued.
For the information of vessels not fitted with a radio, a red
pendant will be displayed at various ports and signal stations
along the Queensland coast. (See Pub. 127, Sailing Directions
(Enroute) East Coast of Australia and New Zealand).
This red pennant indicates that a storm warning message has
been received, details of which may be obtained from the harbor officials or postmaster at any port or place where the signal
is displayed; when it is displayed at a signal station or lighthouse, the details will be signaled, on demand; the reply to a
Pub. 160
demand for a storm warning message is made by the International Code, by day, and by light at night.
In addition, there are certain places where storm warning
messages are available at the Post Office, but where no red
pendent is displayed.
General Signals
General signals should be used by vessels in Australian
ports. A vessel having pilotage exemption should display a
white flag at the main or where it can best be seen.
The signals laid down in the International Code of Signals
should be used by vessels having explosives on board or waiting for clearance from quarantine or requiring any of the following; pilot, customs, water, police, or medical assistance.
A vessel having inflammable cargo on board shall display at the
masthead, by day, Flag B of the International Code of Signals,
and by night will exhibit a red light, visible all-round the horizon.
A vessel swinging in a river or narrow channel should sound
four short blasts on its whistle or siren, followed after a short
interval by the appropriate sound signal to indicate its direction
of movement.
Submarine Operating Areas
The entire Australian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a
permanently-established Australian submarine exercise area.
Australian submarines may be encountered by day or at night
while operating in any of the waters off the Australian coast.
Under certain circumstances, warnings that submarines are exercising in specified areas may be broadcast by local coastal radio stations.
Warning Signals
Australian escort vessels fly the International Code Group
NE2 to denote that submarines, which may be submerged or
surfaced, are exercising in the vicinity. Vessels are cautioned to
give a wide berth to any vessel flying this signal.
It must not be inferred from the above that submarines exercise only when in the company of escorting vessels.
A submarine submerged in an exercise area at a depth too
great to show the periscope may show the following pyrotechnic or smoke candle signals:
1. White smoke candles (with flame) indicate the submarines position in response to a request from a ship or aircraft
or as required.
2. Red pyrotechnic flares (may be accompanied by
smoke candles repeated as often as possible) indicate that the
submarine is carrying out emergency surfacing procedures.
Vessels should keep clear and must not stop their propellers.
Vessels must also standby to render assistance.
If the red pyrotechnic flare signal is sighted and the submarine does not surface within 5 minutes, it should be assumed
that the submarine is in distress and has sunk. An immediate
attempt should be made to fix the position in which the signal
was sighted.
White smoke candles burn for up to 6 minutes; they emit
white smoke and flame and can be seen day and night. Caution
is necessary as they can be easily confused with the smoke and
flame of aircraft marine markers and floats.
The red pyrotechnic flare is ejected up to an altitude of
100m. Its duration is 30-40 seconds and can be seen day and
Australia
night.
These signals may frequently be encountered in areas where
Australian naval ships and aircraft exercise, whether or not
submarines are present, and should not be confused with a submarine emergency radio beacon (SERB). In case of doubt, the
object should be approached to visually confirm whether or not
it is a SERB before reporting it.
Navigation Lights
Australian submarines have their masthead and side lights
placed well forward and very low over the water in proportion
to their length and tonnage. In particular, some submarines can
only show a forward masthead light in calm confined waters.
Other submarines may have the forward masthead light situated lower than the side lights. In addition, the main masthead
light may be situated well forward of the midpoint of the submarines length.
The stern light may be placed very low and may, at times, be
partially obscured by spray and wash. In some cases, the stern
light will be well forward of the aft part of the submarine and
will not give a true indication of the submarines length. The
stern lights are invariably situated lower than the side lights.
The aft anchor light of a nuclear submarine at anchor is
mounted on the upper rudder which is some distance astern of
the hulls surface waterline. Hence, care must be taken to avoid
confusing the submarine with two separate vessels of less than
50m in length.
The overall arrangement of submarine lights is unusual and
may well give the impression of markedly smaller and shorter
vessels. Their vulnerability to collision when proceeding on
the surface and the fact that some submarines are nuclear powered dictates particular caution when approaching such vessels.
Nearly all Australian submarines are fitted with an amber
quick-flashing light situated above or abaft the main steaming
light. This additional light is for use as an aid to identification
in narrow waters and areas of dense traffic. Australian submarines will normally exhibit this identification light under the
above conditions and when entering or leaving a harbor at
night.
Australian Collins class submarines exhibit a very quick
flashing yellow identification light (120 flashes per minute).
This identification light should not be confused with an aircushioned vessel operating in a non-displacement mode, which
displays the same light.
Sunken Submarine
A submarine which is disabled or in distress and unable to
surface will try to indicate its position by firing red pyrotechnic
flares and submarine emergency radiobeacons (SERB).
It may be impossible for a submarine to fire its flares or
smoke candles. Correspondingly, a partially-flooded submarine may have only a certain number of smoke candles available and searching ships should not therefore expect many to
appear.
Since oil slicks or debris may be the only indication of the
presence or whereabouts of the sunken submarine, it is vitally
important that surface ships refrain from discharging anything
which might appear to have come from a submarine while they
are in the submarine probability area. Searching ships and aircraft can waste many valuable hours in investigating these false
contacts.
47
Some Australian submarine pyrotechnics can be fitted with
message carriers. If a message has been attached, the pyrotechnic will be fitted with a dye marker, giving off a green color on
the surface. Such a pyrotechnic should be recovered as soon as
it has finished burning.
Australian Collins class submarines are fitted with a Submarine Launched EPIRB (SERB), which will be described later in
this section.
In any submarine accident, time is the most vital factor affecting the chances of rescue of survivors, and, as the sighting
of an indicator buoy may be the first indication that an accident
has in fact occurred, it is vital that no time should be lost in taking action. The sighting of any flare or beacon should be reported at once to the nearest Australian Maritime Safety
Authority (AMSA) Rescue Coordination Center (telephone: 1800-641-792 or 61-2-6230-6811), the Navy, or the police.
However, if vessels are unable to establish communications
without leaving the vicinity of the submarine, it should be
borne in mind that the primary consideration should be for vessels to remain standing by to rescue survivors and not leave the
scene of the accident. Every effort should be made to include in
the report the serial number of the beacon; this number is affixed on top of the SERB.
At any time after a submarine accident, survivors may start
attempting to escape. Current policy dictates that survivors will
wait before escaping, as follows:
1. Until rescue vessels are known to be standing by.
2. Conditions inside the submarine deteriorate to such an
extent that an escape must be attempted.
It should be noted that, in certain circumstances, the latter
situation may not arise through lack of air supply until several
days after the accident. However, if the submarine is badly
damaged, survivors may have to make an escape attempt immediately. Any ship finding a SERB should not therefore leave
the position but stand by well-clear ready to pick up survivors.
The escapees will ascend nearly vertically and it is important
to give plenty of sea room to enable them to do so safely.
On arrival at the surface, crew members may be exhausted or
ill, and, if circumstances permit, the presence of a boat already
lowered is very desirable. Some crew members may require a
decompression chamber. Therefore, it is the aim of the authorities to get such a chamber to the scene as soon as possible.
In order that those trapped in the submarine shall be made
aware that help is at hand, naval vessels drop small charges into
the sea which can be heard from inside the submarine. There is
no objection to the use of small charges for this purpose, but it
is vital that they are not dropped too close since crew members
in the process of making ascents are particularly vulnerable to
underwater explosions, and may easily receive fatal injuries. A
distance of about 0.3 mile is considered to be safe.
If no small charges are available, the running of an echo
sounder or the banging of the outer skin of the ships hull with
a hammer from a position below the waterline are likely to be
heard in the submarine, and such banging and/or sounding
should therefore be carried out at frequent intervals.
Submarines may, at any time, release pyrotechnic floats
which, on reaching the surface burn, with a flame and/or emit
smoke which serve to mark the position of the wreck. They are
also like to use this means to acknowledge sound signals.
In summary, the aims of a submarine rescue operation are, as
follows:
Pub. 160
48
Australia
1. Fixing the exact position of the submarine.
2. Getting a ship standing by to pick up survivors, if practicable, with boats already lowered.
3. Getting medical assistance to survivors picked up.
4. Getting a divers decompression chamber to the scene
in case this is required by those seriously ill after being exposed to great pressure.
5. Informing the trapped crew that help is at hand.
6. Notifying the appropriate authorities.
Submarine Emergency Radio Beacon (SERB)
The SERB is made of aluminum, colored orange, and is cylindrical in shape, with two whip aerials. The beacon is fitted
with an automatic transmitting unit, with a battery life of 48
hours, and operating on the following frequencies:
a. 406.025 MHzCOSPAS/SARSAT/EPIRB.
b. 243 MHzMilitary Air Guard.
c. 121.5 MHzCivil Air Guard.
Time Zone
Australia is covered by multiple Time Zones, as follows:
1. Northern TerritoryThe observed Standard Time is 9
hours 30 minutes fast of UTC. Daylight Savings Time is not
observed.
2. South AustraliaThe observed Standard Time is 9
hours 30 minutes fast of UTC. Daylight Savings Time (10
hours 30 minutes fast of UTC) is maintained from the first
Sunday in October until the first Sunday in April of the following year.
3. Western AustraliaThe Time Zone description is HOTEL (-8). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
4. Christmas IslandThe Time Zone description is
GOLF (-7). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
5. Cocos (Keeling) IslandThe observed Standard Time
is 6 hours 30 minutes fast of UTC. Daylight Savings Time is
not observed.
Traffic Separation Schemes
Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) off the coasts of Australia
are, as follows:
1. South of Wilson Point in Bass Strait. (IMO adopted)
2. In Bass Strait. (IMO adopted)
3. Port Jackson. (Government of Australia)
4. Botany Bay. (Government of Australia)
5. Newcastle. (Government of Australia)
Pub. 160
6. Port Darwin. (Government of Australia)
7. Off Cape Leeuwin. (IMO adopted) (effective 1 December 2016)
8. Off Chathan Island. (IMO adopted) (effective 1 December 2016)
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Moonah Place, Yarralumla,
Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600.
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
1. Australia address
Moonah Place
Yarralumla, ACT 2600
2. U. S. address
APO AP (96549)
U. S. Embassy Australia Home Page
http://canberra.usembassy.gov
Vessel Traffic Service
Vessel Traffic Services are in operation, as follows:
1. Brisbane, Queensland (2727'S., 15305'E.). 1
2. Bundaberg, Queensland (2446'S., 15223'E.). 1
3. Gladstone, Queensland (2350'S., 15115'E.). 1
4. Mackay, Queensland (2106'S., 14914'E.). 1
5. Townsville, Queensland (1915'S., 14650'E.). 1
6. Melbourne (including Port Philip), Victoria (3751'S.,
14456'E.). 1
7. Whitsunday
Group,
Queensland
(2015'S.,
14900'E.). 1
8. Port Kembla, New South Wales (3428'S.,
15055'E.).1
9. Sydney (Port Jackson), New South Wales (3351'S.,
15113'E.).1
10. Fremantle, Western Australia (3203'S., 11544'E.). 2
11. Dampier, Western Australia (2039'S., 11640'E.). 2
12. Port Hedland, Western Australia (2019'S.,
11834'E.). 2
13. Weipa, Queensland (1240'S., 14151'E.). 2
1 See Pub. 127, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of
Australia and New Zealand for further information
2 See Pub. 175, Sailing Directions (Enroute) North, West,
and South Coasts of Australia for further information
Australia
49
Appendix IMASTREP (Modernized Australian Ship Tracking and Reporting System)
The Modernized Australian Ship Tracking and Reporting
System (MASTREP) is a ship reporting system designed to
contribute to safety of life at sea and is operated by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) through the Australian Rescue Coordination Centre (JRCC Australia) in
Canberra.
Participation in MASTREP is compulsory for the following
vessels:
1. All foreign vessels from their arrival at their first Australian port until their departure from their final Australian
port
2. All regulated Australian vessels while in the MASTREP area
All other vessels are encouraged to participate when within
the MASTREP area.
MASTREP provides positional data on vessels transiting the
Australian Search and Rescue Region (SRR) via AIS technology, which ensures that only the closest vessels are requested to
assist in a search and rescue incident, reducing the need for
vessels to steam long distances from their intended voyage
plan. The Search and Rescue Officers conducting such operations in the Australian SRR routinely use this facet of MASTREP. Given the expansiveness of the Australian SRR,
merchant vessels are often the only resources available that can
quickly respond to an incident.
The MASTREP area and Australian SRR cover the coast of
Australia, as well as the coast of Antarctica between 75E and
163E, and extends N to approximately 6S at its W limit and
to 12S at its E limit. This area, which is best seen on the accompanying graphic, is bounded by the coast and lines joining
the following positions:
a. The coast of Antarctica at longitude 7500'E.
b. 600'S, 7500'E.
c. 200'S, 7800'E.
d. 200'S, 9200'E.
e. 1200'S, 10700'E.
f. 1200'S, 12320'E.
g. 920'S, 12650'E.
h. 700'S, 13500'E.
i. 950'S, 13940'E.
j. 950'S, 14100'E.
k. 937'S, 14101'E.
l. 908'S, 14353'E.
m. 924'S, 14413'E.
n. 1200'S, 14400'E.
o. 1200'S, 15500'E.
p. 1400'S, 15500'E.
q. 1400'S, 16115'E.
r. 1740'S, 16300'E.
s. The coast of Antarctica at longitude 16300'E.
MASTREP uses Position Reports, which must be transmitted by AIS in accordance with the International Convention for
the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), Chapter 5, Regulation
19.2.4. Position Reports must include the following information:
1. Vessel name.
2. Vessel type.
3. Position.
4. Course.
5. Speed.
6. Navigational status.
7. Safety related information.
Position reporting is automated and the data is fed in to the
system using AIS. Positional data is usually updated at time intervals between 5 minutes and 5 hours, depending on the location and source. There is no requirement in MASTREP to
transmit Sailing Plans (SP), Deviation Reports (DR), or Final
Reports (FR).
No positive search and rescue watch is maintained in MASTREP. MASTREP is a passive ship reporting system and does
not involve shore to vessel communications. ALL DISTRESS
MESSAGES SHOULD BE SENT DIRECTLY TO Jrcc Australia WHILE IN THE MASTREP AREA. Similarly, any vessel copying an SOS, MAYDAY, or DSC alert from a distressed
vessel, or otherwise becoming aware that a distress incident
has occurred, should contact JRCC Australia.
The master of a vessel must report any malfunction of the
vessels AIS equipment to JRCC Australia.
Communications with JRCC AUSTRALIA.The primary means of communicating with MASTREP are, as follows:
1. Automatic Identification System (AIS).
2. INMARSAT-C.Messages sent to MASTREP using
special access code (SAC 1243) through Perth LES (POR
Satellite Code 212 or IOR Satellite Code 312) will be reverse
charged to JRCC Australia.
3. HF DSC Network.Messages sent via the AMSA HF
DSC network will be free of charge. The initial contact
through the AMSA HF DSC station is made by using a DSC
safety priority call to MMSI 005030001. The message can
then be passed on an appropriate radiotelephone frequency.
All reports sent by voice should include the mandatory
fields, including the identifying letter.
4. If INMARSAT-C reports are not sent using SAC 1243
via Satellite Code 212 or Satellite Code 312, it is likely that
the message will not be received by JRCC Australia and
charges will apply to the ship.
If for any reason communications are not possible via AIS,
INMARSAT-C, or the AMSA HF DSC station, the required information must be passed by alternative means to JRCC Australia using one of the following methods:
1. Other INMARSAT telephone/facsimile services.
Vessels will be charged for messages sent to JRCC Australia
using INMARSAT systems other than INMARSAT-C.
2. Other non-INMARSAT satellite telephone/facsimile
services.A reverse charge telephone call or facsimile may
be used to pass reports when in port.
For further information or advice concerning MASTREP or
to obtain copies of MASTREP instructions, contact JRCC
Australia, as follows:
1. Telephone:
61-2-6230-6811
1-800-641-792 (toll free in Australia)
2. Facsimile:
61-2-6230-6868
1-800-622-153 (toll free in Australia)
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
4. Web site:
http://ww.amsa.gov.au
Reports to other reporting systems.Reports from ships
to other reporting systems (AMVER, JASREP, etc.) are not
forwarded by JRCC Australia. Ships are requested to pass
Pub. 160
50
Australia
MASTREP Area
these reports direct.
REEFVTS interaction.The following applies to ships transiting through the Great Barrier Reef and Torres Strait:
1. Ships must report to REEFVTS.
2. REEFTVS automatically forwards regular position reports to JRCC Australia. When a vessel departs a port within
the REEFVTS Area and intends to report to MASTREP
when it exits the REEFVTS Area, the vessel should ensure
that Position Reports are transmitted by AIS in accordance
with the International Convention for the Safety of Life at
Sea (SOLAS), Chapter 5, Regulation 19.2.4.
Pub. 160
3. When a vessel departs the REEFVTS Area and is reporting to MASTREP, the master must report any malfunction of the vessels AIS equipment to JRCC Australia.
Further information about REEFVTS can be found in Pub.
127, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of Australia and
New Zealand.
Procedures for reporting to REEFVTS are provided in the
Great Barrier Reef and Torres Strait Vessel Traffic Service User Guide (2016) available from the Maritime Safety
Queensland web site (http://www.msq.qld.gov.au/Shipping/
Reefvts (scroll down and select REEFVTS Users Guide)).
Australia
51
Appendix IIReporting Formats for Australian Pollution Reports
AustraliaPollution Reports by Vessels Suffering a Casualty
Identifier
Content
HS*
MP*
DG*
Vessel name, call sign/ship station identifier, and flag
Date and time (UTC) of event
Latitude/Longitude
X1
X1
True bearing and distance
X1
X1
True course
Speed in knots and tenths of knots
Intended track
Radio communications (full names of stations)
Time of next report
Pollution details, as described in the Key below
X2
X3
X3
Ship information, as described in the Key below
X4
X4
X4
Dangerous cargo lost overboard, as described in the Key below
X5
X6
X6
Weather conditions
Name, address, telephone number, and e-mail address (if applicable) of ships owner
and representative s (charterer, manager, or agent)
Vessel size and type (details of length, breadth, tonnage, etc.)
Remarks, as described in Key below
X7
X7
Key
*
Sections of the reporting format which are inappropriate may be omitted from the report.
Required information. Information not immediately available should be sent in a supplementary message or
messages.
X1
Either C or D may be used.
X2
This information is required in the event of probable discharge. The following details should be included:
1 Type of oil or the correct technical name(s) of the noxious liquid substance on board.
2 UN number(s).
3 Pollution category (A, B, C, or D) for noxious liquid substances.
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s) of substances, if appropriate, when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Quantity.
X3
This information is required in the event of probable discharge. The following details should be included:
1 Correct technical name(s) of cargo.
2 UN number(s).
3 IMO hazard class(es).
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s), when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Types of packages, including identification marks. Specify whether portable tanks or tank vehicles, whether
vehicle or freight container, or other transport unit containing packages. Include official registration marks
and numbers assigned to the unit.
6 An estimate of the quantity and likely condition of the cargo.
X4
The following details should be included:
1 Condition of the vessel.
2 Ability to transfer cargo/ballast/fuel.
Pub. 160
Australia
52
Key
X5
The following details should be included:
1 Type of oil or the correct technical name(s) of the noxious liquid discharged into the sea.
2 UN number(s).
3 Pollution category (A, B, C, or D) for noxious liquid substances.
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s) of substances, if appropriate, when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 An estimate of the quantity of the substances.
6 Whether lost substances floated or sank.
7 Whether loss is continuing.
8 Cause of loss.
9 Estimate of the movement of the discharge or lost substances, giving current conditions, if known.
10 Estimate of the surface area of the spill, if possible.
X6
The following details should be included:
1 Correct technical name(s) of cargo.
2 UN number(s).
3 IMO hazard class(es).
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s), when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Types of packages, including identification marks. Specify whether portable tanks or tank vehicles, whether
vehicle or freight container, or other transport unit containing packages. Include official registration marks
and numbers assigned to the unit.
6 An estimate of the quantity and likely condition of the cargo.
7 Whether lost cargo floated or sank.
8 Whether loss is continuing.
9 Cause of loss.
X7
The following details should be included:
1 Action being taken with regard to the discharge and the movement of the vessel.
2 Assistance or salvage efforts which have been requested or which have been provided by others.
3 The master of an assisting or salvaging vessel should report the particulars of the action undertaken or
planned.
Pub. 160
Australia
53
AustraliaPollution Reports by Vessels Rendering Assistance or Undertaking Salvage Work
Identifier
Content
HS*
MP*
Vessel name, call sign/ship station identifier, and flag
Date and time (UTC) of event
Latitude/Longitude
X1
X1
True bearing and distance
X1
X1
True course
Speed in knots and tenths of knots
Intended track
Radio communications (full names of stations)
Time of next report
Pollution details, as described in the Key below
X2
X3
Ship information, as described in the Key below
X4
X4
Dangerous cargo lost overboard, as described in the Key below
X5
X6
Weather conditions
Name, address, telephone number, and e-mail address (if applicable) of ships owner and
representative s (charterer, manager, or agent)
Vessel size and type (details of length, breadth, tonnage, etc.)
Remarks, as described in Key below
X7
X7
Key
*
Sections of the reporting format which are inappropriate may be omitted from the report.
Required information. Information not immediately available should be sent in a supplementary message or
messages.
X1
Either C or D may be used.
X2
This information is required in the event of probable discharge. The following details should be included:
1 Type of oil or the correct technical name(s) of the noxious liquid substance on board.
2 UN number(s).
3 Pollution category (A, B, C, or D) for noxious liquid substances.
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s) of substances, if appropriate, when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Quantity.
X3
This information is required in the event of probable discharge. The following details should be included:
1 Correct technical name(s) of cargo.
2 UN number(s).
3 IMO hazard class(es).
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s), when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Types of packages, including identification marks. Specify whether portable tanks or tank vehicles, whether
vehicle or freight container, or other transport unit containing packages. Include official registration marks
and numbers assigned to the unit.
6 An estimate of the quantity and likely condition of the cargo.
X4
The following details should be included:
1 Condition of the vessel.
2 Ability to transfer cargo/ballast/fuel.
Pub. 160
Australia
54
Key
X5
The following details should be included:
1 Type of oil or the correct technical name(s) of the noxious liquid discharged into the sea.
2 UN number(s).
3 Pollution category (A, B, C, or D) for noxious liquid substances.
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s) of substances, if appropriate, when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 An estimate of the quantity of the substances.
6 Whether lost substances floated or sank.
7 Whether loss is continuing.
8 Cause of loss.
9 Estimate of the movement of the discharge or lost substances, giving current conditions, if known.
10 Estimate of the surface area of the spill, if possible.
X6
The following details should be included:
1 Correct technical name(s) of cargo.
2 UN number(s).
3 IMO hazard class(es).
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s), when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Types of packages, including identification marks. Specify whether portable tanks or tank vehicles, whether
vehicle or freight container, or other transport unit containing packages. Include official registration marks
and numbers assigned to the unit.
6 An estimate of the quantity and likely condition of the cargo.
7 Whether lost cargo floated or sank.
8 Whether loss is continuing.
9 Cause of loss.
X7
The following details should be included:
1 Action being taken with regard to the discharge and the movement of the vessel.
2 Assistance or salvage efforts which have been requested or which have been provided by others.
3 The master of an assisting or salvaging vessel should report the particulars of the action undertaken or
planned.
Pub. 160
BAHRAIN
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Firing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Meteorology
Mined Areas
Navigational Information
Pollution
Regulations
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
Vessel Traffic Service
55
55
55
55
55
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
57
57
57
57
55
The climate is hot and humid during the summer, with somewhat mild winters.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Cautions
Gulf RegionCombined Maritime Forces (CMF) Special
Warning
See Red Sea and the Persian GulfCautions for further
information.
Locust Reports
See Red Sea and the Persian GulfCautions for further
information.
Currency
General
Bahrain is comprised of a group of islands in the Persian
Gulf lying midway between Qatar and the mainland of Saudi
Arabia. Bahrain, the largest and highest island of the group, is
about 30 miles long and 10 miles wide. Al Muharraq, lying
close NE, is about 4 miles long and1 mile wide; it is connected
to Bahrain by a causeway. The country also includes the islands of Sitrah, Umm Nasan, Jiddah, and several other small islets. Bahrain has a dispute with Qatar concerning territorial
claims over the Hawar Islands.
The terrain is formed by mostly low, desert plain.
The official unit of currency is the Bahraini dinar, consisting
of 1,000 fils.
Firing Areas
Naval firing practices (surface-to-surface and surface-to-air)
take place within an exercise area enclosed by the following:
a. 2634'N, 5050'E.
b. 2634'N, 5036'E.
c. 2640'N, 5036'E.
d. 2640'N, 5050'E.
Pub. 160
Bahrain
56
Government
Meteorological Directorate (http://www.bahrainweather.com).
Mined Areas
Vessels are advised that Mined Areas exist in the N part of
the Persian Gulf. Further information should be obtained from
the local authorities. Mine sightings should be reported to the
naval authorities by INMARSAT (150 5612) or to Coalition
naval vessels on VHF channel 13 or 16. Details of areas reported to be dangerous due to mines are also promulgated by Notice to Mariners issued by the Middle East Navigation Aids
Service (MENAS) and by MARAD advisories.
Flag of Bahrain
Bahrain is a constitutional hereditary monarchy. The country
is divided into four governorates.
Bahrain is governed by a king, who appoints the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. The bicameral National Assembly consists of a 40-member Consultive Council (appointed by the
king) and a 40-member Chamber of Deputies (directly elected
to 4-year terms).
The legal system is based on Islamic law and English common law.
The capital is Manama (Al Manamah), on the island of Bahrain.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
December 16 or 17
Bahrain National Day
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid Al-Fitr (End of Ramadan), Eid Al-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage), Hijrah (Islamic New Year), Ashoora, and
the Prophets Birthday.
Industries
The main industries are petroleum processing and refining,
aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, offshore
banking, insurance, ship repair, and tourism.
The main exports are petroleum and petroleum products,
aluminum, and textiles. The main export-trading partners are
Saudi Arabia, India, the United Arab Emirates, and South Korea.
The main imports are crude oil, machinery, and chemicals.
The main import-trading partners are Saudi Arabia, Algeria,
China, the United States, and Japan.
Languages
Arabic is the official language. English, Farsi, and Urdu are
also widely spoken.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 172, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Bahrain are, as follows:
Territorial Sea
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Pollution
Ballast Water Management
The coast of Bahrain lies within the Regional Organization
for the Protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME) Sea
Area. For further information on the ballast water exchange requirements in this area, see Red Sea and the Persian Gulf
PollutionPersian Gulf Area Ballast Water Management
Regulations.
Regulations
General
Liquor trafficking between vessels alongside wharves or between vessels and the shore is strictly prohibited.
All foreign-flagged self-propelled vessels operating in Bahraini waters are required to have an operational Automatic
Identification System (AIS) on board.
Notification
It is compulsory for all ships entering Bahrain waters for reasons other than berthing at Mina Salman, ASRY, BAPCO, ALBA, or any other private jetties to obtain prior written
permission from the Port Director before anchoring in Bahrain
waters.
Single-hull Tankers
Single-hull tankers are prohibited from entering ports and
terminals in Bahrain.
Search and Rescue
Meteorology
Internet Weather Services
Marine weather forecasts in English are available from the
Pub. 160
The Directorate of Ports is responsible for coordinating maritime search and rescue operations in Bahrani territorial waters.
RCC Bahrain can be contacted, as follows:
Bahrain
1. Telephone:
973-17-719404
973-17-727447
2. Facsimile:
973-17-727985
Bahrain Maritime Operations Center (A9M) maintains a
continuous listening watch on international distress frequencies.
Ship Reporting System
Middle East Merchant Vessel Voluntary Reporting System
A voluntary reporting system covers the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean N of 1000'S, as well as the Arabian Sea. Merchant
vessels of any flag or ownership are invited to participate in
this system. For further information, see Red Sea and the Persian GulfShip Reporting System.
57
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Building 979, Road 3119,
Block 331, Zinj, Manama (Al Manamah).
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
1. Bahrain address
Box 26431
Manama
2. U.S. address
PSC 451
Box 660
FPO AE (09834-5100)
U. S. Embassy Bahrain Home Page
http://bahrain.usembassy.gov
Vessel Traffic Service
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is CHARLIE (-3). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
A Vessel Traffic Service is in operation in Mina Salman
(2618'N., 5049'E.). For further information, see Pub. 172,
Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Pub. 160
BANGLADESH
General
Buoyage System
Currency
Firing Areas
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Search and Rescue
Signals
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
59
59
59
59
59
60
60
60
60
60
60
61
61
61
59
cool.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
However, less important areas may not conform to this system.
Buoys may be removed during the monsoon season (midMay to mid-September).
Currency
The official unit of currency is the taka, consisting of 100
poisha.
General
Firing Areas
Bangladesh, formerly East Pakistan, lies in southern Asia
and borders the Bay of Bengal. It is bounded on the W, N, and
NE by India; on the S by the Bay of Bengal; and on the SE by
Burma. In 1992, India granted Bangladesh a 999-year lease of
the Tin Bigha corridor linking the enclaves of Angarpota and
Dahagram.
The terrain consists mostly of a flat alluvial plain, with some
hills in the SE part.
The climate is tropical monsoon with heavy rains, heat, and
extreme humidity. Rain falls heavily during the monsoon season from June to October.
The short winter season, from October to March, is dry and
Military firing practice takes place regularly off the coast of
Bangladesh. Notice of firing exercises and the areas involved
are promulgated through coastal warnings and by local notices
to mariners. Vessels should navigate with caution.
Fishing Areas
Heavy concentrations of large and small fishing vessels will
be encountered, especially from September to May, off the
ports and harbors of Bangladesh.
Mariners should keep a good lookout, especially at night and
around sunrise and sunset, when navigating in coastal waters.
Pub. 160
Bangladesh
60
Fishing stakes and enclosures are generally found on off-lying banks and off the coast in depths of 5 to 10m, but occasionally in greater depths. Their positions are subject to considerable change.
Government
Industries
The main industries are cotton, jute, garments, paper, leather,
fertilizer, iron and steel, cement, petroleum products, tobacco,
pharmaceuticals, ceramics, tea, salt, sugar, edible oils, soap and
detergent, fabricated metal products, electricity, and natural
gas.
The main exports are garments, jute and jute products, leather, agricultural products, knitwear, and frozen fish and seafood.
The main export-trading partners are the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France.
The main imports are machinery and equipment, chemicals,
iron and steel, foodstuffs, and cotton. The main import-trading
partners are China, India, and Singapore.
Languages
Flag of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is a parliamentary democracy. The country is divided into seven divisions.
Bangladesh is governed by a President, who is elected for a
5-year term by the Parliament. The Prime Minister is appointed
by the President. The unicameral Parliament consists of 350 directly-elected members serving 5-year terms.
The legal system is based on English common law and Islamic law.
The capital is Dhaka (Dacca).
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
Bengali is the official language. English is also used.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 173, Sailing Directions (Enroute) India and the Bay of
Bengal.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Bangladesh are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone **
18 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
The Continental Margin.
February 21
Shahid Day (Martyrs Day)
Continental Shelf
March 26
Independence Day
April 15
Bengali New Years Day
May 1 (plus or
minus 1 day)
Labor Day
First Monday in
July
Bank Holiday
* Requires advance permission or notification for
innocent passage of warships in the territorial sea.
Nuclear-powered vessels and vessels transporting nuclear
materials or other radioactive substances are required to
give notice prior to entering the territorial sea. Claims
straight baseline between points along the 18m curve.
* * Also considered a Security Zone.
August 15
National Mourning Day
November 7
National Revolution and
Solidarity Day
December 16
Victory Day
December 25
Christmas Day
December 31
Bank Holiday
Hindu holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Jamat-Ul-Vida, Buddha Purnima, Janamashtami, and Durga Puja (Dashami).
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Shab-e-Barat, Shab-e-Qadr, Eid Al-Fitr (End of
Ramadan), Eid Al-Adha (End of Pilgrimage), Hijrah (Islamic
New Year), Ashoora, and the Prophets Birthday.
Pub. 160
Maritime Boundary Disputes
A dispute with India over New Moore Island (South Talpatty
Island) (Purbasha Island) (2137'N., 8909'E.), in the Bay of
Bengal, has prevented the establishment of a maritime boundary. It has been reported (2010) that the island is now submerged and no longer visible.
Bangladesh, Burma, and India have referred their maritime
boundary claims to the International Tribune on the Law of the
Sea.
Search and Rescue
The Bangladesh Department of Shipping is responsible for
coordinating search and rescue operations and can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
880-2-9555128
Bangladesh
880-2-9553584
2. Facsimile:
880-2-7168363
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
A Maritime Rescue Coordination Center (MRCC) is located
in Dhaka and can be contacted by telephone at 880-2-407643
or 880-2-405434.
A network of coast radio stations maintains a continuous listening watch on international distress frequencies.
Signals
Storm Signals
The General System is used in Chittagong (2218'N.,
9149'E.) and Coxs Bazar (2126'N., 9159'E.). For further information, see IndiaSignalsStorm Signals.
61
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is FOXTROT (-6). Daylight Savings Time is not maintained.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at the Diplomatic Enclave,
Madani Avenue, Baridhara, Dhaka.
The mailing address is GPO Box 323, Dhaka 1000
U. S. Embassy Bangladesh Home Page
http://dhaka.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
BENIN
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
63
63
63
63
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
63
October through November. The dry season increases away
from the coast, with some inland areas having rain only between May and September.
The country has average temperatures of 27.8C in January
and 25C in July.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Aids to navigation in Benin are unreliable. Lights may be extinguished; buoys and beacons may be missing, unlit, or out of
position.
General
Cautions
Benin, formerly Dahomey, is bounded on the E by Nigeria,
on the N by Niger and Burkina Faso, on the W by Togo, and on
the S by the Gulf of Guinea. Its coast, 65 miles long, is flat and
sandy with scattered lagoons and mangrove swamps.
The country extending inland is flat and covered with tropical vegetation. The ground rises gradually, about 50 miles inland, to a plateau that attains elevations of 304 to 487m.
The far N region of the country consists of a featureless plateau that attains an elevation of about 760m and slopes down
toward the Niger River, on the N border.
The climate is equatorial in the coastal region, with a long
rainy season from March to July and a short rainy season from
The West African Gas Pipeline lies off the coast of Benin.
For further information, see South Atlantic OceanCautions.
MARAD Advisory No. 10-7, containing guidance for vessels transiting territorial waters of the Gulf of Guinea, is in effect. For further information, see South Atlantic Ocean
Cautions.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the franc CFA (French African Community franc), consisting of 100 centimes.
Pub. 160
Benin
64
Fishing Areas
Industries
Fishing vessels, many of which are unlit, may be encountered off the coast.
When near the coast, a sharp lookout should be kept for canoes.
The main industries are agriculture, textiles, food processing, construction materials, and cement.
The main exports are cotton, cashews, shea butter, textiles,
palm products, and seafood. The main export-trading partners
are China, India, Lebanon, and Niger.
The main imports are foodstuffs, capital goods, and petroleum products. The main import-trading partners are China,
Algeria, and the United States.
Government
Languages
French is the official language. The tribal languages of Fon
and Yoruba are used in the S region; at least six other tribal dialects are used in the N.
Navigational Information
Flag of Benin
Benin is a republic. The country is divided into 12 departments.
Benin is governed by a directly-elected President serving a
5-year term.The unicameral National Assembly consists of 83
directly-elected members serving 4-year terms.
The legal system is based on French civil law and customary
law.
The capital is Porto-Novo. Cotonou is the seat of government.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
January 10
Traditional Religions Day
Easter Sunday
Variable
Easter Monday
Variable
May 1
Labor Day
Ascension Day
Variable
Whitmonday
Variable
August 1
Independence Day
Assumption Day
Variable
October 26
Armed Forces Day
November 1
All Saints Day
November 30
National Day
December 25
Christmas Day
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid Al-Fitr (End of Ramadan), Eid Al-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage), and the Prophets Birthday.
Pub. 160
Enroute Volume
Pub. 123, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Southwest Coast of
Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Benin are, as follows:
Territorial Sea
200 miles. *
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles.
* Informal notice of a 12-mile territorial sea provided in
1998.
Search and Rescue
The Port of Cotonou is responsible for coordinating search
and rescue operations. A Maritime Rescue Coordination Center (MRCC) is located at Cotonou and can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
229-21-314033
2. Facsimile:
229-21-312891
Ship Reporting System
Gulf of Guinea Voluntary Reporting System.For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanShip Reporting
System.
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is ALFA (-1). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
Benin
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Rue Caporal Bernard Anani,
Cotonou.
65
The mailing address is 01 BP 2012, Cotonou.
U. S. Embassy Benin Home Page
http://cotonou.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
BRAZIL
General
Areas to be Avoided
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Firing Areas
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Meteorology
Navigational Information
Offshore Drilling
Pilotage
Pollution
Regulations
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Signals
Submarine Operating Areas
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
Vessel Traffic Service
AppendixSISTRAM
67
67
68
68
68
68
71
71
71
71
71
71
72
72
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
74
74
74
75
General
Brazil is located in the NE part of South America and bor-
67
ders the Atlantic Ocean. It is bounded on the N by French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, and Venezuela; on the W by
Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina; and on the
S by Uruguay.
The greater part of the country consists of hilly uplands, plateaus, and low mountains. There is a narrow coastal belt but
very little of the land can be considered a plain, except for the
area in the upper Amazon Basin.
The Amazon River and its tributaries, which traverse the
heavily-wooded N lowlands, form the greatest river system in
the world and provide over 13,700 miles of channels that are
safe for navigation. The headwaters of the Amazon drain the
Andes from Colombia to Bolivia. The river is 3,500 miles long
and rises in Lago Lauricocha, Peru, about 100 miles NNE of
Lima.
The coast is about 4,000 miles long and is mostly fronted by
low flat beaches. Numerous small rivers reach the shore but are
seldom navigable for more than a few miles.
The climate is mostly tropical, but factors such as elevation,
distance from the sea, and prevailing winds cause some variation and temperatures are not extreme.
Areas to be Avoided
Campos Basin.In order to avoid risks of collision, pollution, and environmental damage in an area with a high concentration of oil rigs, production systems, and FPSOs, all vessels,
except those involved in support activities to oil and gas production and prospecting, should avoid the area bounded by
Pub. 160
68
Brazil
lines joining the following positions:
a. 2302'34.2''S, 4103'16.2'W.
b. 2241'54.0''S, 4056'24.0'W.
c. 2207'24.0''S, 4022'34.2'W.
d. 2135'30.0''S, 3934'30.0'W.
e. 2154'34.2''S, 3913'25.8'W.
f. 2257'13.8''S, 4114'18.0'W.
Vessels should also use caution when transiting the area between the port of Macae and the above-described Area to be
Avoided due to the considerable volume of supply vessels transiting this area.
Golfinho Oil Field.A circle with a radius of 7 miles centered on position 2000'10''S, 3934'35''W. All vessels not engaged in offshore activities are requested to avoid this area.
Jubarte Oil Field.A circle with a radius of 7.5 miles centered on position 2116'25''S, 4001'54''W. All vessels not engaged in offshore activities are requested to avoid this area.
Firing Areas
Naval Firing Exercise Areas
Firing exercises are promulgated by local Radio Navigational Warnings. The following exercise areas are used by the Brazilian Navy:
1. Area B-1 (SSE of Ponta Negra)Naval exercises
Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2310'00"S, 4212'30"W.
b. 2310'00"S, 4245'06"W.
c. 2335'00"S, 4245'06"W.
d. 2335'00"S, 4212'30"W.
Buoyage System
2. Area B-2 (S of Cabo Frio)Naval exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2310'00"S, 4140'12"W.
b. 2310'00"S, 4212'30"W.
c. 2335'00"S, 4212'30"W.
d. 2335'00"S, 4140'12"W.
The IALA Buoyage System (Region B) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Brazilian authorities have authorized the use of private buoyage, particularly in the access channels to private terminals or
yacht clubs. These private aids are not corrected by notice to
mariners.
3. Area B-3 (S of Cabo Frio)Naval exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2335'00"S, 4140'12"W.
b. 2335'00"S, 4212'30"W.
c. 2400'00"S, 4212'30"W.
d. 2400'00"S, 4140'12"W.
Cautions
4. Area B-4 (SSE of Ponta Negra)Naval exercises.
Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2335'00"S, 4212'30"W.
b. 2335'00"S, 4245'12"W.
c. 2400'00"S, 4245'12"W.
d. 2400'00"S, 4212'30"W.
Light Vessels
Light vessels in Brazil display a secondary light from their
sterns, which should be taken into account when passing a light
vessel.
Piracy
Acts of piracy and armed robbery occur within Brazilian waters and in many of the ports of Brazil.
Whales
Southern Right Whales, a protected species threatened with
extinction, approach the S coast of Brazil between Ihla de Bom
Abriga (2507'S., 4751'W.)and Cabo de Santa Marta Grande
(283'S., 4849'W.) from May to November. These animals
may be as long as 18m and weigh up to 40 tons. Vessels should
exercise due caution when in the vicinity of these whales.
Floating Hazards
In the Amazon River and its tributaries, as well as in the Amazon delta, floating debris may be encountered when the rivers
are high. Submerged logs floating downstream can disable vessels by striking and damaging propellers. Floating islands of
vegetation may also be encountered, sometimes getting caught
on a vessels bow and dramatically reducing the vessels speed.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the real, consisting of 100
centavos.
Pub. 160
5. Area C-1 (Saquarema approaches)Gunnery exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2256'12"S, 4245'06"W.
b. 2256'12"S, 4212'30"W.
c. 2310'00"S, 4212'30"W.
d. 2310'00"S, 4245'06"W.
Anchorage and fishing are prohibited.
6. Area C-2 (Cabo Frio)Gunnery exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2245'00"S, 4158'00"W.
b. 2245'00"S, 4140'12"W.
c. 2310'00"S, 4140'12"W.
d. 2310'00"S, 4212'30"W.
e. 2256'12"S, 4212'30"W.
Anchorage and fishing are prohibited.
7. Area C-3 (E of Cabo Frio)Gunnery exercises.
Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2245'00"S, 4108'06"W.
c. 2245'00"S, 4140'12"W.
b. 2310'00"S, 4140'12"W.
d. 2310'00"S, 4108'06"W.
Anchorage and fishing are prohibited.
Brazil
8. Area C-4 (E of Cabo Frio)Gunnery exercises.
Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2310'00"S, 4140'12"W.
b. 2310'00"S, 4108'06"W.
c. 2335'00"S, 4108'06"W.
d. 2335'00"S, 4140'12"W.
Anchorage and fishing are prohibited.
9. Area C-5 (ESE of Cabo Frio)Gunnery exercises.
Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2335'00"S, 4140'12"W.
b. 2335'00"S, 4108'06"W.
c. 2400'00"S, 4108'06"W.
d. 2400'00"S, 4140'12"W.
Anchorage and fishing are prohibited.
10. Area Delta (Ilha de Alcatrazes).Gunnery exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2406'00"S, 4527'00"W.
b. 2401'00"S, 4535'00"W.
c. 2402'00"S, 4546'30"W.
d. 2414'00"S, 4551'00"W.
e. 2415'00"S, 4536'00"W.
Anchorage and fishing are prohibited.
11. Area D-1 (Barra do Porto do Rio de Janeiro)Naval
exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2256'12''S, 4316'42''W.
b. 2256'12''S, 4245'06''W.
c. 2312'00''S, 4245'06''W.
d. 2313'30''S, 4246'30''W.
e. 2306'06''S, 4254'00''W.
f. 2313'30''S, 4301'30''W.
g. 2306'06''S, 4309'12''W.
h. 2313'30''S, 4316'42''W.
12. Area D-2 (Ilha Maricas)Naval exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2312'00''S, 4245'06''W.
b. 2328'12''S, 4245'06''W.
c. 2320'00''S, 4254'00''W.
13. Area D-3 (SE of Ilha Rasa)Naval exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2327'12''S, 4246'30''W.
b. 2328'12''S, 4245'06''W.
c. 2342'18''S, 4245'06''W.
d. 2334'18''S, 4254'00''W.
14. Area D-4 (SSE of Ilha Rasa)Naval exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2327'12''S, 4301'30''W.
b. 2342'18''S, 4245'06"W.
c. 2350'00''S, 4245'06"W.
d. 2350'00''S, 4316'42''W.
e. 2341'06"S, 4316'42''W.
15. Area D-5 (SSE of Ilha Rasa)Naval exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2313'30''S, 4316'42''W.
69
b. 2320'00''S, 4309'12''W.
c. 2327'12''S, 4316'42''W.
d. 2320'00''S, 4324'12''W.
16. Area E-1 (Baia da Ilha Grande)Naval exercises.
Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2300'00''S, 4400'00''W.
b. 2300'00''S, 4441'00''W.
c. 2325'00''S, 4441'00''W.
d. 2325'00''S, 4400'00''W.
17. Area E-2 (Ilha Grande)Naval exercises.Enclosed
by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2300'00''S, 4400'00''W.
b. 2300'00''S, 4316'42''W.
c. 2313'30''S, 4316'42''W.
d. 2325'00''S, 4329'24''W.
e. 2325'00''S, 4400'00''W.
18. Area E-3 (Ilha Grande)Naval exercises.Enclosed
by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2325'00''S, 4400'00''W.
b. 2325'00''S, 4329'24''W.
c. 2320'00''S, 4324'12''W.
d. 2334'18''S, 4309'12''W.
e. 2341'06''S, 4316'42''W.
f. 2350'00''S, 4316'42''W.
g. 2350'00''S, 4400'00''W.
19. Area E-4 (Restinga da Marambaia)Gunnery exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2350'00''S, 4316'42''W.
b. 2350'00''S, 4400'00''W.
c. 2415'00''S, 4400'00''W.
d. 2415'00''S, 4316'42''W.
Anchorage and fishing are prohibited.
20. Area E-5 (S of Restinga da Marambaia)Gunnery
exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2325'00''S, 4430'00''W.
b. 2325'00''S, 4400'00''W.
c. 2415'00''S, 4400'00''W.
d. 2415'00''S, 4430'00''W.
Anchorage and fishing are prohibited.
21. Area F-1 (SW of Ilha de Sao Sebastiao)Gunnery
exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2325'00''S, 4508'42''W.
b. 2325'00''S, 4504'18''W.
c. 2415'00''S, 4504'18''W.
d. 2415'00''S, 4534'30''W.
e. 2345'18''S, 4534'30''W.
22. Area F-2 (Approaches to Ilha de Sao Sebastiao)
Gunnery exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2325'00''S, 4504'18''W.
b. 2325'00''S, 4430'00''W.
c. 2415'00''S, 4430'00''W.
Pub. 160
Brazil
70
d. 2415'00''S, 4504'18''W.
23. Area R-1 (S of Ilha Rasa)Gunnery exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2350'00''S, 4316'42''W.
b. 2350'00''S, 4245'06''W.
c. 2415'00''S, 4245'06''W.
d. 2415'00''S, 4316'42''W.
24. Area R-2 (S of Ilha Rasa)Gunnery exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2415'00''S, 4316'42''W.
b. 2415'00''S, 4245'06''W.
c. 2445'00''S, 4245'06''W.
d. 2445'00''S, 4316'42''W.
25. Area S-1 (W of Ilha Rasa)Gunnery exercises.
Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2415'00''S, 4400'00''W.
b. 2415'00''S, 4316'42''W.
c. 2445'00''S, 4316'42''W.
d. 2445'00''S, 4400'00''W.
26. Area S-2 (Approaches to Ilha de Sao Sebastiao)
Gunnery exercises.Enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2415'00''S, 4504'18''W.
b. 2415'00''S, 4400'00''W.
c. 2445'00''S, 4400'00''W.
d. 2445'00''S, 4504'18''W.
Firing Practice and Rocket Areas
The following restricted areas are aerial spaces for firing
practices and rocket launching, whose limits cover maritime
areas:
1. Aquiraz Area.A circular area, with a radius of 2.7
miles centered on position 355'00"S, 3820'00"W, used for
gunnery exercises. The area comes into operation once the
NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) is promulgated.
2. Jangada Area.A permanent area enclosed by a line
joining positions a, b, c, d, and e, having positions c and d
joined by an arc of 10 miles radius centered in position f.
a. 303'00"S, 3822'00"W.
b. 314'00"S, 3754'00"W.
c. 336'00"S, 3821'00"W.
d. 338'00"S, 3837'00"W.
e. 337'00"S, 3840'00"W.
f. 343'00"S, 3828'00"W.
3. Barreira Area.A permanent area for missile
launching enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 554'00"S, 3511'00"W.
b. 556'00"S, 3511'00"W.
c. 547'00"S, 3456'18"W.
d. 603'54"S, 3457'12"W.
4. Satellite Area.An area for rocket launchings enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 459'18"S, 3431'36"W.
b. 528'18"S, 3409'42"W.
Pub. 160
c. 538'48"S, 3502'30"W.
d. 554'00"S, 3511'00"W.
e. 556'00"S, 3511'00"W.
f. 623'36"S, 3419'54"W.
The area comes into operation once the NOTAM is promulgated.
5. Pirangi Area.An area for firing exercises enclosed
by a line joining positions a, b, c, and d, having as an inner
limit an arc of 24 miles radius and as an outer limit an arc of
32 miles radius, both centered on position e.
a. 603'54"S, 3452'42"W.
b. 549'30"S, 3451'18"W.
c. 547'48"S, 3443'30"W.
d. 607'00"S, 3445'18"W.
e. 554'30"S, 3514'54"W.
The area comes into operation once the NOTAM is promulgated.
6. Touros Area.An area for firing exercises enclosed
by a line joining the following positions:
a. 515'00"S, 3445'00"W.
b. 507'00"S, 3438'00"W.
c. 451'00"S, 3457'00"W.
d. 500'00"S, 3503'00"W.
The area comes into operation once the NOTAM is promulgated.
7. Marte Area.An area for gunnery exercises enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 526'00"S, 3505'00"W.
b. 518'00"S, 3458'00"W.
c. 501'00"S, 3506'00"W.
d. 501'00"S, 3518'00"W.
The area comes into operation once the NOTAM is promulgated.
8. Restinga Area.A circular area for firing exercises,
permanent in nature, with a radius of 5.5 miles centered at
position a, limited by a straight line joining positions b and c.
a. 2304'00"S, 4352'00"W.
b. 2304'00"S, 4347'20"W.
c. 2310'00"S, 4352'00"W.
9. Marambaia Area.An area for firing exercises enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2302'00"S, 4351'00"W.
b. 2305'00"S, 4351'00"W.
c. 2304'00"S, 4335'00"W.
d. 2302'00"S, 4335'00"W.
This is a permanent area under visual meteorological
conditions and may come into operation once the NOTAM
is promulgated.
10. Atlantico Area.An exercise area enclosed by a line
joining the following positions:
a. 2302'00"S, 4336'00"W.
b. 2303'00"S, 4335'00"W.
c. 2337'00"S, 4407'00"W.
d. 2320'00"S, 4422'00"W.
The area comes into operation once the NOTAM is pro-
Brazil
71
The legal system is based on civil law.
The capital is Brasilia.
mulgated.
11. Moreia Area.An area for firing exercises enclosed
by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2345'00"S, 4230'00"W.
b. 2345'00"S, 4310'00"W.
c. 2420'00"S, 4310'00"W.
d. 2420'00"S, 4230'00"W.
The area comes into operation once the NOTAM is promulgated.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
Carnival (the
two days before
Ash Wednesday)
Variable
Ash Wednesday
(half day until
1300)
Variable
13. Oceano Area.A permanent area for military aircraft and firing practices enclosed by a line joining the following positions:
a. 2327'00"S, 4352'00"W.
b. 2330'00"S, 4350'00"W.
c. 2408'00"S, 4435'00"W.
d. 2345'00"S, 4444'00"W.
Good Friday
Variable
Easter Sunday
Variable
April 21
Martyrdom of Tiradentes
May 1
Labor Day
Corpus Christi
Variable
September 7
Independence Day
14. Pinhal Area.An area bound by true bearings of
108 and 123 of Salgado Filho Radiobeacon (Porto Alegre),
forming a sector whose internal limit is an arc with a radius
of 60 miles and whose outer limit is an arc with a radius of
85 miles, both centered on position 2959'25.2"S,
5109'48.0"W.
October 12
Nossa Senhora Aparecida
November 1
All Saints Day
November 2
All Souls Day
November 15
Proclamation of the Republic
December 24
Christmas Eve (half day)
December 25
Christmas Day
December 31
New Years Eve (half day)
12. Campos Novos Area.A circular area, with a radius
of 1.1 miles centered on position 2242'30"S, 4200'00"W,
used for firing exercises. The area comes into operation once
the NOTAM is promulgated.
Fishing Areas
Fishing craft in large numbers operate at night off the NE
coast of Brazil.
Many low fishing vessels may be encountered during the day
up to 20 miles offshore from Mucuripe (342'S., 3829'W.).
In addition, numerous local holidays (religious and traditional) are observed at the various ports.
Government
Industries
The main industries are textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement,
lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts,
and other machinery and equipment.
The main exports are transport equipment, iron ore, soybeans, footwear, coffee, and automobiles. The main export
trading partners are China, the United States, Argentina, and
the Netherlands.
The main imports are machinery, electrical and transport
equipment, chemical products, oil, automotive parts, and electronics. The main import-trading partners are China, the United
States, Argentina, and Germany.
Flag of Brazil
Languages
Brazil is a federal republic. The country is divided into 26
states and one federal district.
Brazil is governed by a directly-elected President serving a
4-year term. The bicameral National Congress consists of an
81-member directly-elected Senate serving 8-year terms and a
513-member Chamber of Deputies (directly elected using a
system of proportional representation) serving 4-year terms.
Portuguese is the official language.
Meteorology
Weather warnings, weather forecasts, and meteorological
charts are available in English and Portuguese from the Direc-
Pub. 160
Brazil
72
toria de Hidrografia e Navegacao (DHN).
DHN Home Page
erations on the continental shelf outside of the above areas.
Mobile drilling rigs and temporary lighted buoys are not
charted; however, their positions may be promulgated from
time to time by Brazilian Notice to Mariners.
http://www.mar.mil.br/dhn
Pilotage
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 124, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of South
America.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Brazil are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone **
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the Continental Margin.
* Claims straight baselines. Requires advance permission or notification for innocent passage of warships in the
territorial sea. Claims to require permission for more than
three warships of the same flag to be in the territorial sea
at the same time.
** Military exercises in the EEZ can only be conducted
with prior permission.
Offshore Drilling
Offshore oil exploration is taking place on the continental
shelf off the N and E coasts of Brazil. The main areas of exploration are, as follows:
1. The N approaches to the Amazon River.
2. Between Ponta de Itapage (251'S., 3957'W.) and Cabo Calcanhar (510'S., 3529'W.), including lighted production platforms in a designated oil field area about 27 miles
ENE of Ponta Mundau (311'S., 3922'W.) and Guamare Oil
Terminal (452'S., 3621'W.) and its associated infrastructure within a designated area about 23 miles NW of Ponta
dos Tres Irmaos (503'S., 3559'W.).
3. Between Maceio (940'S., 3540'W.) and Aracaju
(1100'S., 3702'W.).
4. Off Salvador (1300'S., 3830'W.), especially in Baie
de Todos os Santos.
5. Off Caravelas (1745'S., 3910'W.).
6. Off Vitoria (2010'S., 4015'W.).
7. Between Arquipelago dos Abrolhos (1758'S.,
3842'W.) and Ponta do Ubu (2048'S., 4035'W.).
8. Southeast of Cabo de Sao Tome (2200'S., 4059'W.),
including Pampo Oil Field (2223'S., 4007'W.).
9. Up to 100 miles offshore between an area SE of Santos
(2357'S., 4620'W.) and ESE of Sao Francisco do Sul
(2614'S., 4838'W.).
Within these areas, numerous oil drilling rigs, platforms, and
associated structures may be encountered. In addition, vessels
should use caution as drilling rigs may also be carrying out opPub. 160
Pilotage is compulsory for foreign vessels of any gross tonnage and for all Brazilian vessels over 2,000 gt carrying oil,
gas, or dangerous cargo.
Brazilian ports with an official pilot service have pilot boats
painted red with the black letter P on either bow; they also display a red flag with the black letter P.
Vessels approaching a Brazilian port and requiring a pilot
must indicate its draft by using the International Code of Signals.
For pilot boat/watch boat signals, see Signals.
Pollution
Brazil introduced legislation in December 2006 concerning
ballast water management. All ships intending to discharge
ballast water into waters under Brazilian jurisdiction should
carry a ballast water management plan approved by their flag
administration or recognized classification society. For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanPollutionBallast
Water Management.
Regulations
Vessels must fly the Brazilian flag at the foremast in Brazilian waters from 0800 to sunset daily. The customs flag, blue
with a white star, must be flown 24 hours after clearance is
granted.
In order for forts, patrol craft, and lookout posts to establish
the identity of ships in the approaches to ports, vessels entering
or leaving must display their ensign when within 3 miles of the
entrance to a port or anchorage and, by day, also display their
name (call sign) in flags of the International Code of Signals.
Vessels navigating within 200 miles of the Brazilian coast
should maintain a continuous listening watch on VHF channel
16.
Anchoring and fishing are prohibited within 500m of all submarine cables.
The local representative at each port of the Brazilian Maritime Authority may declare the bar to be impassable if the following conditions exist:
1. The sea state at the pilot boarding position is greater
than force 6.
2. The sea state in the turning basin is greater than force
4.
3. Visibility is less than 0.25 mile.
In this situation, vessels are prohibited from entering or departing the port.
Vessels carrying hazardous cargo, whether for delivery or in
transit, shall forward the following information to the port authority at least 24 hours prior to arrival:
1. The technical name(s) of the hazardous cargo.
2. The IMDG Code classification.
3. The amount of hazardous cargo on board.
4. Destination and ETA of the vessel.
Brazil
Search and Rescue
A Maritime Rescue Coordination Center (MRCC) and a series of Rescue Coordination Centers (RCC) operate in Brazil.
Contact information can be found in the table titled Brazil
MRCC and RCC Contact Information.
A network of coast radio stations maintains a continuous listening watch on international distress frequencies.
Naval rescue vessels are located, as follows:
1. Natal (547'S., 3512'W.).
2. Recife (803'S., 3452'W.).
3. Salvador (1258'S., 3831'W.).
4. Rio de Janeiro (2254'S., 4312'W.).
5. Itajai (2654'S., 4840'W.).
6. Rio Grande (3202'S., 5205'W.).
Ship Reporting System
Maritime Traffic Information System (SISTRAM)
Brazil has signed the International Convention for the Safety
of Life at Sea and the International Convention on Maritime
Search and Rescue (SAR). Therefore, Brazil is required to utilize all available means to help any merchant ship in distress
within its own SAR maritime area of responsibility.
To achieve this goal, Brazil uses the Maritime Traffic Information System (SISTRAM), an electronic information system
for maritime traffic operated by the Naval Command for the
Control of Maritime Traffic (COMCONTRAM). This system
tracks all merchant vessels engaged in ocean, coastal, and inland navigation within the Brazilian SAR area.
For further information on SISTRAM, see the Appendix.
Local Ship Reporting Systems
Mandatory ship reporting systems are in effect in the following Brazilian ports;
1. Vitoria (2013.3'S., 4019.8'W.).
2. Tubarao (2017.6'S., 4015.1'W.).
3. Rio de Janiero (2253.4'S., 4310.2'W.).
73
4. Santos (2358.9'S., 4617.3'W.).
For further information, see Pub. 124, Sailing Eirections
(Enroute) East Coast of South America.
Signals
At some Brazilian ports, weather conditions may prevent the
pilot from boarding a vessel. In these circumstances, vessels
can be guided into port by signals given from the pilot vessel or
a watch boat, as follows:
1. Pilot boat.Signals are given by hand using a red signal flag. The flag is lowered towards the side of the pilot boat
which the vessel should steer; if the signal flag is upright, the
vessels rudder should be amidships. The speed with which
the signal flag is displaced indicates the speed with which
the rudder should be applied to keep the vessel in the channel.
2. Watch boat.Signals are given from a mast, by a
black sphere, which runs under the yardarm. The position of
the sphere in relation to the mast indicates the side the vessel
should steer towards; if the sphere is in the center, the vessels rudder should be amidships. The speed with which the
sphere is displaced indicates the speed with which the rudder
should be applied to keep the vessel in the channel.
Submarine Operating Areas
Submarines of the Brazilian Navy when engaged in submerged exercises, may, or may not be accompanied by escorting warships. If accompanied, an escorting vessel will display
the signal NE2 from the International Code of Signals,
meaning that one or more submarines are exercising in the vicinity.
All other vessels, military and commercial, not taking part in
the exercises shall clear the area.
Submarines exercise in an area S of the entrance to Baia de
Guanabara.
BrazilMRCC and RCC Contact Information
Office and Location
Telephone
Facsimile
MRCC Brazil
Rio de Janeiro
55-21-21046056
55-21-21046863
55-21-21046038
RCC South
Rio Grande
55-53-32336130
55-53-32311519
RCC Southeast
Rio de Janeiro
55-21-22536572
55-21-21046104
55-21-21046196
RCC East
Salvador
55-71-35073730
55-71-35073772
RCC Northeast
Natal
55-84-32211947
55-84-32163057
RCC North
Belem
55-91-32164030
55-91-32164030
RCC West
Ladario
55-67-32341007
55-67-32341008
55-67-32341177
55-67-32341007
55-67-32341014
RCC Northwest
Manaus
55-92-21232238
55-92-21232239
55-92-21232238
Pub. 160
74
Brazil
When vessels sight one or two orange buoys on the surface
showing flashing or fixed white lights of low intensity, they
should investigate, as these buoys could belong to a submarine
in distress or in need of help. Sometimes the buoys are unlighted.
Brazilian Tupi class submarines have a marking/transmitting
buoy moored to them. The buoy is orange, 86cm in diameter,
and 2.47m high, with gray vertical bands, and a white light that
flashes 33 times per minute. The buoy has reflectors and a plate
with a number and the instructions Avisar A Autrodade Naval
Competente Submarino Afundado/Finder Inform Navy Coast
Guard Or Police Do Not Secure To Or Touch inscribed in Portuguese and English. The buoy transmitter operates on
8364kHz and 243MHz for up to 72 hours.
The signal, transmitted in morse, is silence for 120 seconds;
the serial number of submarine repeated three times in 30 seconds; SOS repeated six times in 27 seconds; SUBSUNK repeated three times in 36 seconds; and a goniometric signal for
30 seconds. The entire cycle is then repeated.
In addition to the marking/transmitting buoys, a submarine
in distress may signal with air or oil bubbles. If vessels sight
any of these buoys or receives any of the radio signals mentioned above, they should report this information immediately
to the nearest Brazilian Naval vessel or to the first authority
with which it can establish contact. Under no circumstances
should vessels or boats moor to any of these buoys.
Submarines operating within Brazilian territorial waters and
navigating on the surface, may exhibit, in addition to the conventional lights prescribed by the International Rules, an allround intermittent yellow (amber) light with 90 flashes per
minute. If necessary, they may exhibit only the intermittent
light.
The following exercise areas, promulgated by local Radio
Navigational Warnings, are used by submarines of the Brazilian Navy:
1. Area A-1 (SSE of Ilha Rasa)Enclosed by a line joining the following:
a. 2313'30"S, 4301'30"W.
b. 2320'00"S, 4254'00"W.
c. 2327'12"S, 4301'30"W.
d. 2320'00"S, 4309'12"W.
2. Area A-2 (S of Ilha Rasa)Enclosed by a line joining
the following:
a. 2306'06"S, 4309'12"W.
b. 2313'30"S, 4301'30"W.
c. 2320'00"S, 4309'12"W.
d. 2313'30"S, 4316'42"W.
3. Area A-3 (SE of Ilha Rasa)Enclosed by a line joining the following:
a. 2306'06"S, 4254'00"W.
b. 2313'30"S, 4246'30"W.
c. 2320'00"S, 4254'00"W.
d. 2313'30"S, 4301'30"W.
Pub. 160
4. Area A-4 (S of Ilha Rasa)Enclosed by a line joining
the following:
a. 2320'00"S, 4309'12"W.
b. 2327'12"S, 4301'30"W.
c. 2334'18"S, 4309'12"W.
d. 2327'12"S, 4316'42"W.
5. Area A-5 (SSE of Ilha Rasa)Enclosed by a line joining the following:
a. 2320'00"S, 4254'00"W.
b. 2327'12"S, 4246'30"W.
c. 2334'18"S, 4254'00"W.
d. 2327'12"S, 4301'30"W.
Time Zone
Brazil is covered by multiple Time Zones, as follows:
1. Northeast states and ParaThe Time Zone description
is PAPA (+3). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
2. Acre and the Amazonas cities of Eirunepe, Benjamin
Constant, and TabatingaThe Time Zone description is ROMEO (+5). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
3. Amazonas (excluding the cities of Eirunepe, Benjamin
Constant, and Tabatinga), Rondonia, and RoraimaThe
Time Zone description is QUEBEC (+4). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
4. Bahia, Espirito Santo, Parana, Rio de Janiero, Rio
Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Sao PauloThe Time
Zone description is PAPA (+3). Daylight Savings Time (OSCAR (+2)) is maintained from the third Sunday in October
through the third Sunday in February of the following year.
5. Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do SulThe Time
Zone description is QUEBEC (+4). Daylight Savings Time
(PAPA (+3)) is maintained from the third Sunday in October
through the third Sunday in February of the following year.
6. Archipelago de Fernando de Noronha and Ilha de TrindadeThe Time Zone description is OSCAR (+2). Daylight
Savings Time is not observed.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Avenida das Nacoes, Quadra
801, Lote 3, 70403-900, Brasilia, Distrito Federal.
The mailing address is Unit 7500, APO AA (34030).
U. S. Embassy Brazil Home Page
http://brazil.usembassy.gov
Vessel Traffic Service
A Vessel Traffic Service operates in Sao Francisco do Sul
(2614'S., 4838'W.). For further information, see Pub. 124,
Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of South America.
Brazil
75
AppendixSISTRAM
Maritime Traffic Information System (SISTRAM)
The Maritime Traffic Information System (SISTRAM) is
used to improve search and rescue efforts within the Brazilian
maritime area. This is accomplished by gathering navigational
information from participating vessels. This information is
then used during search and rescue efforts to route nearby vessels to the scene. The ability to quickly divert nearby vessels to
the scene provides faster response than can be provided from
shore and increases the safety of life at sea.
Participation by Brazilian ships is mandatory. Participation
by foreign vessels is voluntary when outside the territorial waters of Brazil, but is mandatory when navigating within Brazilian territorial waters.
Participation in SISTRAM begins when a vessel sends a
Type 1 message (Sailing Plan) and ends when the vessel sends
a Type 4 message (Final Report).
Any non-participating vessel may join SISTRAM at any
time by sending a Type 1 message. Such a vessel may leave
SISTRAM at any time by sending a Type 4 message. Line X
should be completed in the Final Report, including the reason
for terminating participation.
SISTRAM Area
The SISTRAM area is bounded by a line joining the following positions:
a. 430.5'N, 5138.2'W.
b. 835.0'N, 4800.0'W.
c. 1000.0'N, 4800.0'W.
d. 1000.0'N, 3600.0'W.
e. 740.0'N, 3500.0'W.
f. 622.0'S, 1600.0'W.
g. 622.0'S, 1000.0'W.
h. 3400.0'S, 1000.0'W.
i. 3400.0'S, 4827.0'W.
j. 3548.0'S, 5010.0'W.
k. 3400.0'S, 5300.0'W.
Types of Messages
Type 1 (Sailing Plan).This report provides the basic information required to estimate the ships position and should
be sent when the ship joins SISTRAM, when the vessel departs
from a Brazilian port, or when a vessel enters the SISTRAM
area from other ports.
The report should be sent as early as possible prior to entering the SISTRAM area or prior to departure from a Brazilian
port. When in port, the report may be sent as a written document.
Type 2 (Position Report).This report confirms that the
vessel has departed or if its position in the Sailing Plan is correct. It must be sent within the first 24 hours after departing
from a Brazilian port.
Type 3 (Deviation Report).This report provides information for necessary corrections to the existing Sailing Plan. A
deviation report should be sent whenever the ships position
deviates 25 miles or more from the original track, the destination port is changed, or other changes occur which result in
changing the Sailing Plan.
Type 4 (Final Report).The Final Report provides the in-
formation which terminates the vessels participation in SISTRAM. Accordingly, reports should be sent at least 1 hour
before entering the destination port or when exiting the SISTRAM area.
Reporting Format
Each message consists of a selection of items from the message format list. Message items should be separated by a stroke
(/), omitted items by a dash between two strokes (/-/), and the
end of the message item by a double stroke (//). The system
name (SISTRAM), type of message, and date-time group
should precede every message.
The message always begins, as follows:
System Name (SISTRAM)/Type of Message (1, 2, 3, or 4)/
Date-Time-Month-Year of Transmission//
The message formats for the four types of messages are given in the accompany table titled SISTRAMMessage Formats.
Transmission of Messages
Participation in SISTRAM is free of charge when reports are
sent through the Brazilian Coastal Radio Station Network
(RENEC). The preferred and most effective means of transmitting SISTRAM reports is via e-mail. Reports may also be sent
via facsimile or telephone. The contact information is, as follows:
1. Surface mail address:
Edificio Almirante Tamandare - 6 andar
Praca Barao de Ladario, S/N, Centro
Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil CEP: 20091-000
2. Telephone:
55-21-2104-6353
3. Facsimile:
55-21-2104-6341
4. E-mail:
[email protected]
5. Web site:
http://www.comcontram.mar.mil.br
Note.Vessels can also register through the SISTRAM web
site to send their SISTRAM messages:
SISTRAM Home Page
http://www.sistram.mar.mil.br
The Brazilian Coast Radio Station Network stations which
accept SISTRAM messages are, as follows:
1. Almerim.
2. Angra dos Reis.
3. Aracaju.
4. Aracati.
5. Belem.
6. Belem Mosqueiro.
7. Breves.
8. Cabedelo.
9. Campos.
10. Casimiro de Abreu.
11. Cavalinho.
12. Fernando de Noronha.
13. Florianapolis.
Pub. 160
Brazil
76
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
Fortaleza.
Ilheus.
Itacoatiara.
Itajai.
Joinville.
Juncao.
Laguna.
Macapa.
Maceio.
Manaus.
Morro do Meio
Morro Reuter.
Mossoro.
Natal.
Olinda.
Osorio.
Paranagua.
Parintins.
Porto Alegre.
Rio de Janeiro (Livramento).
Rio de Janeiro (Santa Cruz).
Rio de Janeiro (Sumare).
Rio Novo do Sul.
Salvador.
Santarem.
Santos (GJA).
Santos (PARP).
Sao Luis.
Sao Mateus.
Sao Sebasitiao.
Teixeira de Freita.
Vitoria.
SISTRAMMessage Formats
Designator
Information
Type 1
(Sailing
Plan)
Type 2
(Position
Report)
Type 3
(Deviation
Report)
Type 4
(Final
Report)
Remarks
Call sign/Vessel name/Flag/Type//
See Note 1.
Date-time of departure//
See Note 2.
Latitude/Longitude//
See Note 3.
Current course//
See Note 4.
Estimated average speed//
See Note 5.
Port of departure/Latitude/Longitude//
Port of destination/Latitude/Longitude//
Port of arrival or exit point/Latitude/
Longitude/ETA//
Average speed/Latitude/Longitude/ETA//
Current coastal radio station/Next coastal
radio station//
Onboard medical resources//
Amplifying comments (up to 65
characters)//
See Note 9.
Comments//
See Note 10.
See Note 3.
X
See Notes 3 and 11.
X
See Notes 3, 6, and
7.
X
X
See Note 3.
X
See Note 8.
XMandatory field.
OOptional field.
Note 1
Pub. 160
Select vessel type as appropriate:
TM-General cargo
TMO-Tanker
TMB-Bulk carrier
TMF-Ferry
TMT-Tug
TMC-Container
TME-Roll-on/roll-off
TMM-Research
Select vessel type as appropriate:
PLAT-Platform
TMGB-Icebreaker
TMK-Cable layer
TMH-Heavy lift
TMOS-Special liquids
FPOS-Floating production, storage, and off-loading
OTR-Other
Brazil
77
SISTRAMMessage Formats
Designator
Information
Type 1
(Sailing
Plan)
Type 2
(Position
Report)
Type 3
(Deviation
Report)
Type 4
(Final
Report)
Remarks
Note 2
All date-time groups start with six (6) digits. The first two (2) digits are the day of the month. The next four (4) digits
are hours and minutes using the 24-hour clock. Only Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) is to be used. The datetime group (six-digit) must be followed by the capital letter Z. The remainder of the date-time group must contain
the first three letters of the month and the last two digits of the year.
Note 3
Latitude is a four-digit group expressed in degrees and minutes and suffixed with N for North or S for South.
Longitude is a five-digit group expressed in degrees and minutes and suffixed with E for East or W for West.
Note 4
Current course as a three-digit group.
Note 5
Estimated average speed for the entire passage is expressed in a three-digit group representing knots and tenths of a
knot.
Note 6
The information about the proposed route, in line L, is expressed by at least three (3) points. When a ship enters the
SISTRAM area, show in the first line L of the Type 1 message (Sailing Plan) the latitude/longitude of that point
and the estimated time of arrival (ETA). In the Type 3 message (Deviation Report), in the first line L, insert the
data about the points where the course changes or of the first point which confirms deviation (if greater than 25
miles) from the planned route.
Note 7
Estimated average speed to the intended turn point is expressed in a three digit group representing knots and tenths
of knots.
Note 8
Select onboard medical resources as appropriate:
MD-Physician
PA-Physicians assistant or Health Supervisor
NURSE-Nurse
NONE-None
Note 9
Optional information such as reference data for SISTRAM. Examples include date-time estimates for the next
transmission, type of cargo, or INMARSAT number.
Note 10
Can be used for any other type of communication at the discretion of the merchant vessel.
Note 11
Course Deviation Data Items.This is used to specify changes to the Type 1 message (Sailing Plan). An
example shown below indicates the destination port was changed to Salvador:
I/Salvador/1258S/03831W/051800Z//
Pub. 160
BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Fishing Areas
Government
Industries
Navigational Information
Regulations
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
79
79
79
79
79
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
General
The British Indian Ocean Territory, which includes the entire
Chagos Archipelago, lies about midway between Indonesia
and Africa and is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom.
It is composed of a group of five atolls. The numerous coral islands and banks forming the atolls are flat and only attain
heights of up to 4m.
Diego Garcia (720'S., 7227'E.) is the largest and southernmost atoll of the group. It is the site of a joint US/UK military
facility. There is no permanent population.
The climate is tropical. It is hot, humid, and moderated
somewhat by the trade winds.
79
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Cautions
Anti-pollution laws are strictly enforced in the area of the
atolls.
Fishing Areas
The entire British Indian Ocean Territory has been declared a
Marine Protected Area (MPA). No commercial fishing is allowed.
Recreational fishing by personnel based at Diego Grarcia
and subsistence fishing by yachts sailing through the MPA are
strictly regulated.
Government
The British Indian Ocean Territory is an overseas territory of
the United Kingdom.
The British Indian Ocean Territory is governed by a Commissioner and Administrator appointed by the British monarch.
The legal system is based on the laws of the United Kingdom.
Pub. 160
British Indian Ocean Territory
80
Flag of the British Indian Ocean Territory
Industries
There is no agricultural or industrial activity on the atolls.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 171, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of the British Indian Ocean
Territory are, as follows:
Territorial Sea
3 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone *
200 miles.
* Claims a 200-mile Environment Protection and
Preservation Zone.
Maritime Disputes
The Chagos Archipelago is claimed by both Mauritius and
Seychelles.
Commonwealth Office in London (http://www.fco.gov.uk) is
responsible for issuing permits.
The are no medical facilities in the territory. Search and rescue facilities are limited. Comprehensive travel insurance, to
include medical evacuation to the value of $100,000, and yacht
insurance, to include wreck clean up and disposal, should be
obtained before traveling.
Vessels are not allowed to approach within 3 miles of Danger
Island (623'S., 7114'E.). Cow Island (614'S., 7118'E.), or
Three Brothers (609'S., 7131'E.).
Vessel fuel tanks may not be cleaned or blown down within 3
miles of Diego Garcia.
Search and Rescue
A continuous listening watch is maintained for distress traffic on 282.8 MHz, 243.0 MHz, 121.5 MHz, and VHF channel
16 (Port Control).
The British Representative can be contacted via the British
Indian Ocean Territory Police by telephone, as follows:
a. 246-370-2938
b. 246-370-2939 (24 hour police)
Port Control can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
246-370-4301
2. Facsimile:
246-370-3028
Ship Reporting System
Middle East Merchant Vessel Voluntary Reporting System
A voluntary reporting system covers the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean N of 1000'S, as well as the Arabian Sea. Merchant
vessels of any flag or ownership are invited to participate in
this system. For further information, see Red Sea and the Persian GulfShip Reporting System.
Regulations
Time Zone
Access to the British Indian Ocean Territory is restricted and
a permit is required. There are no commercial airline flights to
the territory and permits are only issued to yachts in safe passage. The territory is not a tourist destination.
Access to Diego Garcia is only permitted to those with connections to the military facility. The British Indian Ocean Territory Administration in the United Kingdom Foreign and
The Time Zone description is FOXTROT (-6). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
Pub. 160
U.S. Embassy
The British Indian Ocean Territory is an overseas territory of
the United Kingdom. There is no diplomatic representation.
BURMA
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Firing Areas
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
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Navigational Information
Search and Rescue
Signals
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
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General
Burma, also known as Myanmar, is located in Southeast Asia
and borders the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal. It is
Pub. 160
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Burma
bounded on the W by Bangladesh and India, on the N by China, and on the E by Laos and Thailand.
The terrain consists of a central lowland ringed by steep rugged highlands.
The climate is mostly tropical monsoon. The summer is
rainy, hot, and humid during the Southwest Monsoon (June to
September). The winter is mild, with lower humidity during
the Northeast Monsoon (December to April).
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect; caution
is necessary, however, as in some areas buoys and beacons may
not conform to the system. See Chart No. 1 for further IALA
Buoyage System information.
Buoys may be removed during the monsoon season (midMay to mid-September).
Cautions
Uncharted drilling rigs may be temporarily located in the
Andaman Sea. Uncharted well heads and other obstructions
may also be located in the Andaman Sea.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the kyat, consisting of 100
pyas.
Firing Areas
Saint John;s Rocks (Church Rocks).An area bounded
by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1739.5'N, 9407.3'E.
b. 1739.5'N, 9425.0'E.
c. 1715.5'N, 9425.0'E.
d. 1715.5'N, 9407.3'E.
Investigator Passage.An area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1246.0'N, 9805.5'E.
b. 1246.0'N, 9741.0'E.
c. 1736.0'N, 9741.0'E.
d. 1736.0'N, 9405.5'E.
Fishing Areas
Heavy concentrations of large and small fishing vessels will
be encountered, especially from September to May, off the
ports and harbors of Burma.
Mariners should keep a good lookout, especially at night and
around sunrise and sunset, when navigating in coastal waters.
Fishing stakes and enclosures are generally found on off-lying banks and off the coast in depths of 5 to 10m, but occasionally in greater depths. Their positions are subject to considerable change.
Government
Burma, also known as Myanmar, is a military regime with a
nominal parliamentary system. The country is divided into seven states, seven regions, and one union territory.
Pub. 160
Flag of Burma
Burma is governed by President elected by the Parliament
from among three vice presidents to a 5-year term. The legislature consists of the 224-member House of Nationalities (168
directly-elected members and 56 members appointed by the
military) and the 440-member House of Representatives (330
directly-elected members and 110 members appointed by the
military), all serving 5-year terms.
The legal system is based on remnants of the British era, but
there is no guarantee of fair trials, as the judiciary is not independent of the military regime.
The capital is Rangoon (referred to by the regime as Yangon). Nay Pyi Taw, about 375 miles N of Rangoon (Yangon), is
the administrative capital.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 4
Independence Day
February 12
Union Day
March 2
Peasants Day
March 27
Armed Forces Day
May 1
May Day
July 19
Martyrs Day
November 11
National Day
December 25
Christmas Day
Other holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, are Full Moon of Tabaung, Thingyan (Burmese Water
Festival), Burmese New Year's Day, Full Moon of Kason (Beginning of Buddhist Lent), Full Moon of Waso, Full Moon of
Thadingyut (End of Buddhist Lent), Tazaungdaing, National
Day, Karen New Year, Idul Athwaha, and Dewali.
Industries
The principal industries are agriculture, wood and wood
products, mining (copper, tin, tungsten, and iron), cement, construction materials, pharmaceuticals, fertilizer, oil and natural
gas, garments, jade, and gems.
The main exports are natural gas, wood products, pulses,
Burma
beans, fish, rice, clothing, jade, and gems. The main exporttrading partners are China, Thailand, and India.
The main imports are fabric, petroleum products, fertilizer,
plastics, machinery, transport equipment, cement, construction
materials, crude oil, edible oil, and food products. The main
import-trading partners are China, Thailand, Singapore, and
Japan.
Languages
Burmese is the official language.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 173, Sailing Directions (Enroute) India and the Bay of
Bengal.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Burma are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone **
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
* Requires advance permission or notification for innocent passage of warships in the territorial sea. Claims the
following as internal waters:
1. All waters inside a 223-mile baseline closing
the Gulf of Martaban.
2. All waters inside straight baselines connecting
coastal islands.
** Also considered a Security Zone.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Bangladesh, Burma, and India have referred their maritime
boundary claims to the International Tribune on the Law of the
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Sea.
Search and Rescue
Search and rescue operations are coordinated between the
Myanmar air force, the Myanmar navy, the Department of Civil Aviation, and the Department of Marine Administration. A
Maritime Rescue Coordination Center is located in Rangoon
(Yangon) and can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
95-3131642
2. Facsimile:
95-1202417
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
Rangoon (Yangon) Coast Radio Station (XYR) maintains a
continuous listening watch on international distress frequencies. Myeik Coast Radio Station (XYM) maintains a continuous listening watch on VHF channels 16 and 70.
Signals
Storm Signals
The General System is used in Dawei (1404'N., 9811'E),
Mawlamyine (Moulmein) (1629'N., 9737'E.), and Meyeik
(1226'N., 9836'E.). The Extended System is used in Sittwe
(Akyab) (2008'N., 9255'E.), Thamihla Kyan (1552'N.,
9417'E.), and Yangon (Rangoon) (1646'N., 9610'E.). For
further information, see IndiaSignalsStorm Signals.
Time Zone
The observed Standard Time is 6 hours 30 minutes fast of
UTC. Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at 110 University Avenue, Kamayut Township, Rangoon.
The mailing address is Box B, APO AP (96546).
U. S. Embassy Burma Home Page
http://burma.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
CAMEROON
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
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savanna gradually slopes into marshland surrounding Lake
Chad.
4. The W region consists of forested mountains up to
4,090m high.
Numerous rivers are located along the coast but are generally
encumbered with rapids.
The climate is equatorial, with high temperatures and plentiful rainfall occurring during all seasons. The heaviest rain falls
from March to June and from September to November.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
General
Cautions
Cameroon, located on the SW coast of Africa, is bounded on
the NW by Nigeria; on the E by Chad and the Central African
Republic; and on the S by the Republic of Congo, Gabon, and
Equatorial Guinea.
The country may be divided into four distinct physical regions, as follows:
1. The S region consists of a coastal plain covered by
dense rain forests.
2. The central region consists of the Adamawa Plateau,
which is 1,370m high.
3. The N region is a transitional area, with forests giving
way to savanna country. In the far N part of this region, the
Mariners are advised to be alert for pirates in the waters off
the coast of Cameroon.
MARAD Advisory No. 10-7, containing guidance for vessels transiting territorial waters of the Gulf of Guinea, is in effect. For further information, see South Atlantic Ocean
Cautions.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the French African Community franc, consisting of 100 centimes.
Pub. 160
Cameroon
86
Government
Industries
The main industries are agriculture, petroleum production
and refining, aluminum production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, and ship repair.
The main exports are crude oil and petroleum products, lumber, cocoa beans, aluminum, coffee, and cotton. The main export-trading partners are Spain, China, India, Italy, the
Netherlands, and Belgium
The main imports are machinery, electrical equipment, transport equipment, fuel, and food. The main import-trading partners are China, Nigeria, and France.
Flag of Cameroon
Cameroon is a republic. The country is divided into ten regions.
Cameroon is governed by a directly-elected President serving a 7-year term. The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers are appointed by the President. The bicameral
Legislature consists of a 100-member Senate (70 members indirectly elected by municipal councils and 30 members appointed by the President) and a 180-member directly-elected
National Assembly, all serving 5-year terms.
The legal system is based on French civil law, English common law, and customary law.
The capital is Yaounde.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day/Independence
Day
January 12
Feast of the Lamb
February 11
Youth Day
Good Friday
Variable
Holy Saturday
Variable
Easter Sunday
Variable
Easter Monday
Variable
May 1
Labor Day
May 20
National Day
Ascension Day
Variable
August 15
Assumption of the Blessed Virgin
Mary
December 25
Christmas Day
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid Al-Fitr (End of Ramadan) and Eid Al-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage).
In addition, two or more local holidays are usually celebrated in each region. Autonomous provinces may celebrate certain local holidays instead of some of the general holidays.
Pub. 160
Languages
English and French are the official languages; however, 24
major African dialects are also spoken.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 123, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Southwest Coast of
Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Cameroon are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
**
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the Continental Margin.
* Claims straight baselines.
** Extends from the external boundary of the territorial
sea to the limit placed under its jurisdiction under international law.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
An equidistant settlement of the Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary was reached in 2002, but a dispute remains between Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea over
an island at the mouth of the Riviere Ntem and imprecisely-defined maritime coordinates in the settlement.
Search and Rescue
Douala Coast Radio Station (TJC) maintain a continuous listening watch for distress calls on 2182 kHz.
RSC Douala can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
237-33423975
237-33421539
2. Facsimile:
237-33423139
Ship Reporting System
Gulf of Guinea Voluntary Reporting System.For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanShip Reporting
Cameroon
System.
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is ALFA (-1). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
87
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
1. Cameroon address
P.O. Box 817
Yaounde
2. U.S. address
American Embassy Yaounde
Department of State
Washington DC (20521-2520)
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Avenue Rosa Parks,
Yaounde.
U. S. Embassy Cameroon Home Page
http://yaounde.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
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COMOROS
General
Buoyage System
Currency
Firing Areas
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Regulations
Signals
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
89
89
89
89
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90
91
91
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Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Buoyage around the three westernmost islands cannot be relied upon and navigational lights on the coasts are frequently
reported to be extinguished or irregular.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the Comorian franc, consisting of 100 centimes.
Firing Areas
General
The Comoros (Iles Comores), a group of four islands, lie W
of the N end of Madagascar, in the middle of the N entrance to
the Mozambique Channel.
The islands are of volcanic origin and their interiors vary
from low hills to steep mountains. The climate is tropical, affected by the Indian monsoon winds from N, with a wet season
from November to April.
For information on firing practice areas off Ile de Mayotte,
see ReunionFiring Areas.
Fishing Areas
Information on fishing activities in the vicinity of the Comoros is given in the table titled ComorosFishing Operations.
ComorosFishing Operations
Type of Fishing
Sailing canoes
Fishing Technique
Traps, handlines, and gill nets
Season
Year round.
Pub. 160
Comoros
90
ComorosFishing Operations
Type of Fishing
Fishing Technique
Season
Motorized boats less than 10m long
Traps, handlines, trolling, and gill nets
Year round.
Tuna boats less than 30m long
Deep long lines
August to Januarybetween Madagascar
and the Equator.
January to Junesouth of Mauritius.
Tuna boats (600 to 2,500 gross tons)
Purse seining
Year round. The main season is from September to March in the area of Madagascar/
Seychelles Bank/Chagos Archipelago.
Fish aggregating devices have been established around the
coast of Ile de Mayotte. They are marked by strings of orangecolored floats and masts displaying flags. Vessels should maintain a clearance of at least 1.5 miles from these devices.
May 1
Labor Day
May 25
Organization of African Unity
Day
May 29
Anniversary of the Death of
ex-President A. Solih
July 6
National Independence Day
November 26
Anniversary of the Death of
ex-President A. Abdallah
December 25
Christmas Day
Government
Comoros
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid Al-Fitr (End of Ramadan), Eid Al-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage), Hijrah (Islamic New Year), Ashoora, and
the Prophets Birthday.
The following holidays are observed in Mayotte:
Flag of the Comoros
The Comoros consists of Grand Comore (Njazidja), Moheli
(Mwali), and Anjouan (Nzwani). These three islands, the westernmost of the group, gained independence from France in
1975 after a referendum.
The Comoros is governed by a President, serving a rotating
4-year term, selected from the elected Presidents of the three
islands of the group. The unicameral Assembly of the Union
consists of 33 members serving 5-year terms; 9 members are
selected by the individual islands legislative bodies, with the
remaining 24 members being directly elected.
The legal system is based on French and Muslim law in a
new consolidated code.
The capital is Moroni.
Mayotte
Mayotte (Ile Mayotte), the easternmost island of the group,
is an overseas department of France. After referendums in
1976, the island rejected inclusion into the Comoros.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed in the Comoros:
January 1
New Years Day
March 16
Anniversary of the Death of
ex-President S. M. Cheikh
Pub. 160
January 1
New Years Day
Easter Monday
Variable
May 1
Labor Day
Ascension Day
Variable
Whitmonday
Variable
July 14
National Holiday
August 15
Assumption of the Blessed
Virgin Mary
November 1
All Saints Day
November 11
1918 Armistice Day
December 25
Christmas Day
Several Islamic holidays are also observed.
Industries
The main industries are agriculture, fishing, tourism, and
perfume distillation.
The main exports are vanilla, ylang-ylang (a perfume essence), and cloves. The main export-trading partners are India.
Singapore, France, Germany, and Saudi Arabia.
The main imports are rice and other foodstuffs, consumer
goods, petroleum products, cement, and transport equipment.
The main import-trading partners are China, Pakistan, France,
Algeria, the United Arab Emirates, and India.
Comoros
91
Languages
Regulations
French, Arabic and Shikomoro (Comoran), a blend of Swahili and Arabic, are official languages.
Foreign fishing vessels that have traditionally fished in the
waters around the Comoros are permitted to do so, but only at a
distance of 6 miles or more from the coasts. Other foreign vessels are prohibited from fishing inside the territorial waters.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 171, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of the Comoros are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
Signals
Storm signals denoting the localities of the Comoros and
Madagascar threatened by a cyclone are indicated by showing
a black cylinder and black cones, displayed from a flagstaff, as
described in the accompanying table titled ComorosStorm
Signals. The signals are numbered from 1 to 14 to permit rapid
transmission by radio.
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is CHARLIE (-3). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
U.S. Embassy
* Claims archipelagic status.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Claims the French-administered island of Mayotte.
Challenges Frances and Madagascars claims to Banc du
Geyser (1241'S., 4626'E.), a drying reef in the Mozambique
Channel.
There is no diplomatic representative in the Comoros. The
U.S. ambassador to Madagascar is accredited to the Comoros.
U. S. Embassy Madagascar Home Page
http://antananarivo.usembassy.gov
ComorosStorm Signals
Signal
No.
Signal
Meaning
Cylinder above two cones, points upward
Between Antsiranana and AntalahaE coast of Madagascar
Cylinder between two cones, points upward
Between Antalaha and Port Sainte Marie (Ambodifototra)E
coast of Madagascar
Cylinder below two cones, points upward
Between Port Sainte Marie (Ambodifototra) and Vatomandry
E coast of Madagascar
Cylinder above two cones, points downward
Between Vatomandry and MananjaryE coast of Madagascar
Cylinder between two cones, points downward
Between Mananjary and FarafanganaE coast of Madagascar
Cylinder below two cones, points downward
Between Farafangana and Tolanaro (Faradofay) E coast of
Madagascar
Cylinder below two cones, with the upper cone
point downwards and the lower cone point upwards
Between Antsiranana and Hellville (Andoany)W coast of
Madagascar
Cylinder above a cone, points upwards
Between Hellville (Andoany) and Mahajanga (Majunga)W
coast of Madagascar
Cylinder below a cone, points upwards
Between Mahajanga (Majunga) and MaintiranoW coast of
Madagascar
10
Cylinder above a cone, points downwards
Between Maintirano and MorondavaW coast of Madagascar
11
Cylinder below a cone, points downwards
Between Morondava and ToliariW coast of Madagascar
12
Cylinder above two cones, with the upper cone
point downwards and the lower cone point upwards
Between Toliari and Tolanaro (Faradofay)S extremity of
Madagascar
Pub. 160
Comoros
92
ComorosStorm Signals
Signal
No.
Signal
Meaning
13
Cylinder between two cones, points towards the
cylinder
Comoros
14
Cylinder between two cones, bases towards the
cylinder
E part of the Comoros
Pub. 160
CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
93
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General
The Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly known as
Zaire, is located in the central part of Africa. It is bounded on
the N by the Central African Republic; on the NE by Sudan; on
the E by Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi; on the S by Zambia;
on the SW by Angola; and on the NW by the Republic of Congo.
Cabinda, an Angolan enclave, lies on the NW side of the
strip that extends to the Atlantic Ocean.
A low plateau extends between the highlands of East Africa
and the coastal ranges of West Africa from the basin of the central part of the country. Dense rain forests cover the central
lowlands. They are bordered to the SE by the Shaba region, a
high plateau, and to the S by the lower lands of the Angola pla-
93
teau. Rain forests in the E part of the country rise to the mountains bordering the lakes.
The climate is varied, the central region having an equatorial
climate with yearlong high temperatures and rain in all seasons. Elsewhere, depending on position N or S of the Equator,
there are well-defined wet and dry seasons. The mountains of
the E and S regions have a temperate climate with the highest
summits having considerable snowfall.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
It is reported that obsolescent buoyage (Uniform System of
Buoyage) may still be encountered in some waters.
Cautions
Piracy
Mariners are advised to be alert for pirates in the waters off
the coast of Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the Congo franc.
Government
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a republic. The
Pub. 160
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
94
partners are China, South Africa, Zambia, Belgium, and Zimbabwe.
Languages
French is the official language, but English is also used. Of
the 200 native dialects, four (Swahili, Tshiluba, Kikongo, and
Lingala) have been recognized as national languages.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 123, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Southwest Coast of
Africa.
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
country is divided into 25 provinces and one city.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is governed by a directly-elected President serving a 5-year term. The Cabinet is
appointed by the President. The legislature consists of a 108member Senate, whose members are indirectly elected by provincial assemblies to 5-year terms, and the 500-member National Assembly, consisting of 61 members who are directly
elected and 439 members chosen by open list proportional representation, all serving 5-year terms.
The legal system is based on Belgian civil law.
The capital is Kinshasa.
Holidays
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of the Democratic Republic
of Congo are, as follows:
Territorial Sea
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles. *
Continental Shelf
350 miles measured from
the baseline or to 100 miles
from the 2,500m curve.
* To median lines or boundaries.
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
January 4
Day of the Martyrs
January 16-17
National Heroes Days
May 1
Labor Day
June 30
Independence Day
August 1
Parents Day
October 14
Founders Day/Youth Day
October 27
Naming Day (Three-Z Day)
November 17
Army Day
November 24
New Regime Anniversary
December 25
Christmas Day
Industries
The main industries are mining (gold, copper, cobalt, coltan,
zinc, tin, tungsten, and diamonds), mineral processing, consumer products, timber, metal products, processed foods and
beverages, cement, and commercial ship repair.
The main exports are diamonds, gold, copper, crude oil,
wood products, coffee, and cobalt. The main export-trading
partners are China, Zambia, and Italy.
The main imports are foodstuffs, mining and other machinery, transport equipment, and fuels. The main import-trading
Pub. 160
Maritime Boundary Disputes
The maritime boundary between the Democratic Republic of
the Congo and the Republic of the Congo in the Congo River is
indefinite, except in the Pool Malabo/Stanley Pool area.
Search and Rescue
RCC Kinshasa can be contacted by telephone (243-999925964).
Banana Coast Radio Station (9PA) maintains a continuous
listening watch for distress calls on 2182 kHz and VHF channel 16.
Ship Reporting System
Gulf of Guinea Voluntary Reporting System.For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanShip Reporting
System.
Time Zone
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is covered by two
Time Zones, as follows:
1. Eastern ZoneThe Time Zone description is BRAVO
(-2). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
2. Western ZoneThe Time Zone description is ALFA (1). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at 310 Avenue des Aviateurs,
Kinshasa-Gombe.
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
1. Congo address
310 Avenue des Aviateurs
B.P. 697
Kinshasa 1
95
2. U.S. address
Unit 2220
APO AE (09828)
U. S. Embassy Democratic Republic of
the Congo (Zaire) Home Page
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Pub. 160
CONGO, REPUBLIC OF THE
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Regulations
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
Traffic Separation Schemes
U.S. Embassy
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General
Congo, known as the Republic of the Congo, is located in the
W part of Africa. It is bounded on the W by Gabon; on the NW
by Cameroon; on the NE by the Central African Republic; on
the E and S by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly known as Zaire); and on the S by the Angolan province of
Cabinda.
The coast, which is 84 miles long, fronts the South Atlantic
Ocean and extends between a position lying 10 miles SE of
Pointe Banda (349'S., 1101'E.) and a point lying 19 miles
SSE of Pointe Noire.
The terrain is partly mountainous, with a dense forest in the
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N part.
The climate is equatorial, being constantly hot and humid.
There is a long dry season, from May to October, in the SW region. The NE region is more humid, with a heavy annual rainfall.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
It is reported that some obsolescent buoyage (Uniform System of Buoyage) may still be encountered.
Cautions
Aids to Navigation
It is reported that lights and navigational aids on the coast of
Republic of Congo are unreliable; they may be missing, unlit,
or out of position.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the French African Community franc, consisting of 100 centimes.
Government
The Republic of the Congo is a republic. The country is divided into 12 departments.
Pub. 160
Congo, Republic of the
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The Republic of the Congo is governed by a directly-elected
President serving a 7-year term. The President appoints a
Council of Ministers. The bicameral Parliament consists of a
72-member indirectly-elected Senate serving 5-year terms and
a 139-member directly-elected National Assembly serving 5year terms.
The legal system is based on French civil law and customary
law.
The capital is Brazzaville.
Languages
French is the official language. Lingala, Kongo, and Monokutuba are the most widely used of several African languages.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 123, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Southwest Coast of
Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of the Republic of the Congo
are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
Flag of the Republic of the Congo
* Requires advance permission or notification for
innocent passage of warships in the territorial sea.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
Maritime Boundary Disputes
The maritime boundary between the Democratic Republic of
the Congo and the Republic of the Congo in the Congo River is
indefinite, except in the Pool Malabo/Stanley Pool area.
January 1
New Years Day
February 5
Presidents Day
February 8
Youth Day
March 8
Congolese Womens Day
March 18
Marien Ngoubai Day
May 1
Labor Day
June 10
Commemoration of the National
Sovreign Conference
June 22
National Peoples Army Day
July 31
Congo Revolution Day
August 15
Independence Day (Anniversary
of the Revolution)
Search and Rescue
December 25
Christmas Day
December 31
Congolese Labour Party Foundation Day/Republic Day
The Congolese Navy is responsible for coordinating search
and rescue operations.
Rescue Coordination Center (RCC) Navy can be contacted
by telephone (242-22-2941344).
Regulations
In the event of congestion at the ports, vessels are obligated
to work cargo at night and on Sundays. If they refuse to do this,
vessels may be relegated to the roadstead anchorages and
thereby lose their turn to berth alongside.
As the customs officials are very strict, store lists and crew
declarations must be accurate, as the slightest error is penalized
and a fine imposed.
Industries
Ship Reporting System
The main industries are petroleum extraction, cement, brewing, lumber, sugar, palm oil, soap, flour, and cigarettes.
The main exports are petroleum, lumber and plywood, sugar,
cocoa, coffee, and diamonds. The main export-trading partners
are China, Australia, and Italy.
The main imports are capital equipment, construction materials, and foodstuffs. The main import-trading partners are Algeria, China, and France.
Gulf of Guinea Voluntary Reporting System.For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanShip Reporting
System.
Pub. 160
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is ALFA (-1). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
Congo, Republic of the
Traffic Separation Schemes
A Traffic Separation Scheme has been established by the
Government of the Republic of the Congo in the approaches to
Pointe-Noire. This scheme is not IMO adopted.
U.S. Embassy
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ya Boulevard, Brazzaville.
The mailing address is BP 1015 Brazzaville.
U. S. Embassy Republic of the Congo
Home Page
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The U.S. Embassy is located at 70-83 Section D, Maya Ma-
Pub. 160
DJIBOUTI
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Pollution
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
Traffic Separation Schemes
U.S. Embassy
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General
Djibouti, located in the NE part of Africa, has a coast, about
195 miles long, and extends for about 48 miles inland. It is bordered on the NW by Eritrea, on the W by Ethiopia, on the SE
by Somalia, and on the E by the Gulf of Aden.
The country has a coastal plain and a plateau, separated by
central mountains.
The climate is dry, with high temperatures and sparse rainfall.
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Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Cautions
Special Warning 125 (Issued 15 March 2010)
Information on Special Warning 125 can be found in YemenCautions.
Gulf RegionCombined Maritime Forces (CMF) Special
Warning
See Red Sea and the Persian GulfCautions for further
information.
Locust Reports
See Red Sea and the Persian GulfCautions for further
information.
Maritime Security Patrol Area
The Commander, U.S. Navy Central Command has directed
the establishment of a Maritime Security Patrol Area (MSPA)
in the Gulf of Aden. For further information, see Red Sea and
the Persian GulfCautionsPiracyMaritime Security
Patrol Area.
Pub. 160
Djibouti
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Currency
Languages
The official unit of currency is the Djibouti franc, consisting
of 100 centimes.
French and Arabic are the official languages. Several Somali
and Afar dialects are also widely used.
Government
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 172, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Djibouti are, as follows:
Flag of Djibouti
Djibouti is a republic. The country is divided into six districts.
Djiboiti is governed by a directly-elected President serving a
5-year term. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President.
The unicameral Parliament consists of a 65-member directlyelected Chamber of Deputies serving 5-year terms. Constitutional amendments adopted in 2010 provide for the establishment of a Senate.
The legal system is based on French civil law, Islamic law,
and customary law.
The capital is Djibouti.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
* Claims straight baselines. Nuclear-powered vessels and
vessels transporting nuclear materials or other radioactive
substances are required to give notice prior to entering the
territorial sea.
Pollution
MARPOL Special Area
The Gulf of Aden has been designated as a MARPOL Special Area. MARPOL Special Areas are sea areas where special
mandatory methods for the prevention of oil pollution in the
sea have been adopted.
Further information can be found in Indian OceanPollutionMARPOL Special Areas.
Search and Rescue
January 1
New Years Day
May 1
Labor Day
Djibouti Coast Radio Station (J2A) maintains a continuous
listening watch for distress calls on VHF channel 16.
June 27
Independence Day (2 days)
Ship Reporting System
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid-il-Fitr (End of Ramadan), Eid-il-Adha (End
of Pilgrimage), Hijrah (Islamic New Year), Ashoora, and the
Prophets Birthday.
Industries
Middle East Merchant Vessel Voluntary Reporting System
A voluntary reporting system covers the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean N of 1000'S, as well as the Arabian Sea. Merchant
vessels of any flag or ownership are invited to participate in
this system. For further information, see Red Sea and the Persian GulfShip Reporting System.
The main industries are construction, agricultural processing, and shipping.
The major exports are hides and skins, coffee (in transit), and
the re-exporting of cargo in transit. The main export-trading
partners are Somalia and Yemen.
The main imports are food, beverages, transport equipment,
chemicals, clothing, and petroleum products. The main import
partners are China, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, and India.
Maritime Liaison Office (MARLO) Bahrain Recommended Reporting Procedures
U.S.-flagged vessels, vessels under effective U.S. control,
and other maritime interests are advised to check in with the
Maritime Liaison Office (MARLO) Bahrain 48 hours prior to
entering the Gulf of Aden recommended transit corridor. For
further information, see Red Sea and the Persian GulfCautionsPiracy.
Pub. 160
Djibouti
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Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
The Time Zone description is CHARLIE (-3). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Lot 350-B, Haramouss, Djibouti.
The mailing address is B.P. 185, Djibouti.
Traffic Separation Schemes
An IMO-adopted Traffic Separation Scheme is located in the
Strait of Bab al Mandeb.
U. S. Embassy Djibouti Home Page
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Pub. 160
EGYPT
General
Areas to be Avoided
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Mined Areas
Navigational Information
Offshore Drilling
Pollution
Regulations
Routes
Search and Rescue
Signals
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
Traffic Separation Schemes
U.S. Embassy
Vessel Traffic Service
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General
Egypt is located in the N part of Africa. It is bordered on the
N by the Mediterranean Sea; on the W side by Libya; on the E
side by the Gaza Strip, Israel, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Red
Sea; and on the S by Sudan. The Sinai Peninsula, which forms
the E part of the country, is bordered on its W by the Gulf of
Suez and the Suez Canal and on its E by the Gulf of Aqaba.
A number of Egyptian islands lie within the Gulf of Suez
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and the Red Sea. These include Jazirat Jubal, Jazirat Shakir,
Jazair Jiftun, and Jazirat Zabarjad (St. Johns Island).
The Nile River, in the 960 miles of its course through Egypt,
does not receive a single tributary. The First Cataract is near
Aswan (2405'N., 3252'E.), above which has been constructed
the High Dam. Most of the country is an arid desert. Only the
Nile valley, the Nile delta, and some oases are cultivated. Several mountain ranges intersect the desert between the Nile River and the Red Sea. The climate is arid with hot dry summers
and moderate winters.
The Suez Canal, a sea-level waterway, connects Port Said
(Bur Said) on the Mediterranean Sea with Suez (As Suways)
on the Red Sea. Regulations, restrictions, and other operational
details concerning transit of the Suez Canal are fully described
in Pub. 172, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Areas to be Avoided
Several Areas to be Avoided, best seen on the chart, have
been established along the coast on the W side of the S approach to the Strait of Tiran, around several islands on the E
side of the strait, and on the W side of the Red Sea N of the
strait. Three charted Areas to be Avoided are IMO-adopted; the
remainder have not been adopted by the IMO. To avoid the risk
of severe damage to critical ecosystems, the environment, and
the economy of the area, all vessels carrying dangerous or toxic cargo, or any other vessel exceeding 500 gt, should avoid
these areas.
The IMO-adopted areas are located, as follows:
1. North of the Strait of TiranAn area bounded by the
coast and lines joining the following positions:
Pub. 160
Egypt
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a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
2846'00.0''N, 3437'30.0''E. (coast)
2846'00.0''N, 3440'00.0''E.
2824'00.0''N, 3431'00.0''E.
2818'00.0''N, 3426'00.0''E.
2811'00.0''N, 3429'00.0''E.
2806'00.0''N, 3428'00.0''E.
2801'30.0''N, 3425'30.0''E. (coast)
2. North of Sharm el Sheikh HarborAn area bounded
by the coast and lines joining the following positions:
a. 2758'00.0''N, 3425'00.0''E. (coast)
b. 2750'30.0''N, 3420'36.0''E.
c. 2751'00.0''N, 3417'12.0''E. (coast)
3. At the Southern Extremity of the Sinai Peninsula
An area bounded by the coast and lines joining the following
positions:
a. 2751'06.0''N, 3416'36.0''E. (coast)
b. 2747'10.8''N, 3419'00.0''E.
c. 2742'12.0''N, 3417'00.0''E.
d. 2741'00.0''N, 3407'00.0''E.
e. 2743'00.0''N, 3404'00.0''E.
f. 2748'18.0''N, 3406'00.0''E. (coast)
The non-adopted areas are located, as follows:
1. The area encircling Jazirat Tiran (2758'N., 3433'E.).
2. The area along the W side of the Gulf of Aqaba extending N from latitude 2846'N to the Egypt/Israel border.
Flag of Egypt
Egypt is governed by a directly-elected President serving a
4-year term. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President.
The unicameral 596-member House of Representatives consists of 446 directly-elected members, 120 members directly
elected from party list constituencies (woman, youth, Christians, and workers), and 28 members appointed by the President.
The legal system is based on English common law, Islamic
law, and the Napoleonic code.
The capital is Cairo.
Holidays
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Aids to navigation in the Gulf of Suez are unreliable; they
may be missing, unlit, or out of position.
Cautions
Gulf RegionCombined Maritime Forces (CMF) Special
Warning
See Indian OceanCautions for further information.
Locust Reports
See Indian OceanCautions for further information.
Magnetic Anomalies
A local magnetic anomaly of between 2E and 3E has been
reported along the entire length of the E side of the Gulf of
Aqaba.
Normal magnetic variation has been observed to decrease by
1 when in the vicinity of Jazirat Shakir (2729.7'N.,
3359.9'E.).
Currency
The official unit of currency is the Egyptian pound, consisting of 100 piastres.
Government
Egypt is a republic. The country is divided into 27 governorates.
Pub. 160
The following holidays are observed:
January 7
Coptic Christmas
April 25
Sinai Liberation Day
Easter Monday
Variable
May 1
Labor Day
June 18
Evacuation Day
July 23
Revolution Day
October 6
Armed Forces Day
October 24
Suez Victory Day
December 23
Victory Day
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid Al-Fitr (End of Ramadan), Eid Al-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage), Hijrah (Islamic New Year), Sham El Nessim (Spring Holiday), and the Prophets Birthday.
Industries
The main industries are textiles, food processing, tourism,
chemicals, pharmaceuticals, petroleum, construction, cement,
metals, and light manufacturing.
The main exports are crude oil and petroleum products,
fruits and vegetables, cotton, textiles, metal products, chemicals, and processed foods. The main export-trading partners are
the Italy, Saudi Arabia, India, and Turkey.
The main imports are machinery and equipment, foodstuffs,
chemicals, wood products, and fuels. The main import-trading
partners are China, Germany, the United States, and Kuwait.
Egypt
Languages
Arabic is the official language. English and French are widely understood by the educated classes.
107
MARPOL Special Areas are sea areas where special mandatory methods for the prevention of oil pollution in the sea have
been adopted.
Further information can be found in Red Sea and the Persian GulfPollutionMARPOL Special Areas.
Mined Areas
Due to dangerous mines, navigation is prohibited within an
area on the W side of the Red Sea in an area bounded by the
following positions:
a. 2838.5'N, 3251.0'E.
b. 2838.5'N, 3253.0'E.
c. 2835.0'N, 3256.0'E.
d. 2833.5'N, 3255.0'E.
Anchorage is not recommended, except in an emergency, in
the Strait of Gubal. A former mined area, now declared safe,
has been laid off the NE side of the fairway.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volumes
Pub. 132, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Eastern Mediterranean.
Pub. 172, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Egypt are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone **
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
Depth of 200m or the Limit
of Exploitation.
* Claims straight baselines. Requires advance permission
or notification for innocent passage of warships in the
territorial sea.
** Also considered a Security Zone. Egypt claims the
right to prior permission for entry of nuclear-powered
vessels, vessels carrying nuclear materials, and foreign
vessels carrying hazardous or other wastes.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Saudi Arabia claims the Egyptian-administered islands of
Tiran (2756'N., 3433'E.) and Sanafir (2756'N., 3443'E.)
on the E side of the Strait of Tiran.
Offshore Drilling
Numerous oil rigs and platforms, most of which are marked
by lights and, in some cases, for structures near the traffic
lanes, by racons, are situated in the Gulf of Suez.
Pollution
MARPOL Special Area
The Red Sea proper, including the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf
of Aqaba, has been designated as a MARPOL Special Area.
Regulations
Navigation
Navigation may be prohibited in certain areas within 20
miles of the Egyptian coast.
Vessels bound for Egyptian ports or navigating off the Egyptian coast are advised to obtain the latest information from their
agents.
All vessels should send an ETA at least 24 hours in advance
to the port authorities indicating their last port of call, position,
course, and speed. Vessels navigating within 24 miles of the
Egyptian coast should contact the port authorities for entry instructions.
Vessels bound for Egyptian ports in the Red Sea should request permission to enter Egyptian waters from the port authorities, through their agents, at least 48 hours before crossing the
parallel of 23N.
Vessels in the Gulf of Suez (Khalij as Suways) should maintain a listening watch on VHF channel 16.
Quarantine (Pre-arrival Reporting)
Pratique for El Iskandariya (Alexandria), Bur Said (Port
Said), and El Suweis (Port Suez) may be granted prior to the
vessels arrival provided the following conditions are met:
1. The vessel must be a regular liner known to the Quarantine Authorities and have a doctor on board.
2. Details shown on the Quarantine Statement should be
sent to the Quarantine Authorities 24 hours prior to ETA.
3. Prior to arrival, vessels must declare any accidents
which may have taken place on board prior to arrival.
4. The vessel must not have called on any infected port.
The message address is Quarantine (name of port).
For Ain Sukhna and Sidi Kerir, a notification of a healthy
crew holding vaccination certificates should be sent with the
vessels ETA message to SUMED Operations, El Iskandariya
(Alexandria).
Protected Areas
All islands withing Egyptian territorial waters in the Red Sea
are declared Protected Areas. It is forbidden to anchor, fish,
cause pollution, leave litter, or disturb marine life within 1 mile
of each of these islands. In addition, a permit and payment of
park fees is required before entering the areas surrounding the
following islands:
1. Gifatin Islands (2713'N., 3357'E.).
2. El Akhawein (2619'N., 3451'E.).
3. Abu El Kizan (2456'N., 3552'E.).
4. Gaziret Zabargad (2336'N., 3612'E.).
5. Rocky Island (2334'N., 3615'E.).
The coral reefs along the Egyptian coast in the following areas are also protected areas:
1. Between Ras Muhammad (2743.5'N., 3414.9'E.) and
Ras Nasrani (2758.0'N., 3425.0'E.).
2. The Gulf of Aqaba.
3. Jazirat Tiran.
Pub. 160
Egypt
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Routes
EgyptStorm Signals
The Suez Canal
The Suez Canal, a sea-level waterway, connects Port Said
(Bur Said) on the Mediterranean Sea with Suez (As Suways)
on the Red Sea. It has a total length of 193.5km (including approaches); depths in the canal are generally maintained to a
depth of 24m on the centerline.
The canal was originally opened for traffic on November 17,
1869 and nationalized in 1956. It was closed in June 1967 due
to military conflict and reopened in June 1975. Regulations, restrictions, and other operational details concerning transit of
the Suez Canal are fully described in Pub. 172, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Search and Rescue
The Middle East Search and Rescue Center at the Joint Rescue Coordination Center (JRCC) Cairo is responsible for coordinating search and rescue operations and can be contacted, as
follows:
1. Telephone:
20-2-24184537
2. Facsimile:
20-2-24184531
3. Telex:
91-21095 RCCCR UN
4. INMARSAT-C: 462299910 RCCE X
5. E-mail:
[email protected] (distress only)
6. Web site:
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A network of coast radio stations maintains a continuous listening watch on international distress frequencies.
Ship Reporting System
Middle East Merchant Vessel Voluntary Reporting System
A voluntary reporting system which covers the Red Sea, the
Indian Ocean N of 1000'S, as well as the Arabian Sea. Merchant vessels of any flag or ownership are invited to participate
in this system. For further information, see Red Sea and the
Persian GulfShip Reporting System.
Signals
Visual storm warning signals used in Egypt are given in the
accompanying table titled EgyptStorm Signals.
EgyptStorm Signals
Day
Night
Meaning
One black triangle, point up
Gale from NW
quadrant
One black triangle, point down
Gale from SW
quadrant
Two black triangles, points up,
vertically disposed
Gale from NE
quadrant
Two black triangles, points down,
vertically disposed
Gale from SE
quadrant
Pub. 160
Day
Night
Two black triangles, bases together, vertically disposed
White flag with
yellow anchors
Four red lights,
vertically disposed
Meaning
Storm
Sea too rough.
Pilots cannot
go out.
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is BRAVO (-2). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
Traffic Separation Schemes
Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) on the Mediterranean
coast of Egypt are, as follows:
1. Western Approaches to Mina Dumyat. (IMO adopted)
2. Eastern Approaches to Mina Dumyat. (IMO adopted)
3. Western Approaches to Bur Said. (IMO adopted)
4. Eastern Approaches to Bur Said. (IMO adopted)
Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) on the Red Sea coast of
Egypt are, as follows:
1. In the Gulf of Suez. (IMO adopted)
2. In the Entrance to the Gulf of Aqaba. (IMO adopted)
The following TSS-associated rules for vessels navigating in
the Gulf of Suez have been approved by the IMO:
1. Ships should take into account that crossing traffic
may be encountered in the traffic junction eastward of Ain
Sukhna and in the precautionary area off Ras Shukheir, and
should be in a high state of readiness to maneuver in these
areas.
2. Exceptional care is needed, when overtaking another
ship within a lane, not to enter the separation zone or force
the overtaken ship to do so.
3. Ships navigating in the Gulf of Suez are requested to
keep a continuous listening watch on the Suez Gulf Traffic
Information Broadcasts and report any aids to navigation
which are malfunctioning or are out of position and that are
not already included in the broadcasts.
4. All ocean-going ships should have their radar in effective use by day and at night throughout the passage between
Shaker Island and Suez Port as an aid to achieving maximum
feasible lane conformity and avoiding risk of collision. Particular care is required for strict adherence to the confines of
relevant traffic lanes.
5. Ships proceeding S from Suez should be alert for
tankers heading for the SUMED Oil Terminal, situated off
Ain Sukhna.
6. Northbound tankers heading for the SUMED Oil Terminal should report their intention of using the traffic junction off Ain Sukhna on the appropriate frequencies.
7. All ships, northbound and southbound, when navigating through the precautionary area off Ras Shukheir or in the
vicinity of the July Oil Field should avoid overtaking within
the traffic lanes in these areas.
Egypt
8. All ships, including service and supply craft serving
the July Oil Field, the Ramadan Oil Field, and the Morgan
Oil Field, proceeding in and out of the Ras Shukheir Oil Terminal should only cross the southbound and northbound traffic flow through the precautionary area. Within this
precautionary area, local rules relating to crossing traffic apply.
9. Tankers leaving the Ras Shukheir Oil Terminal and
intending to join the northbound traffic lane should only do
so when no through southbound traffic is in the vicinity and
should always report their movements to other ships beforehand on VHF.
10. Ships anchored in the designated waiting area for Ras
Shukheir should ensure that they are never less than 0.25
mile from the edge of the southbound traffic lane and should
pay special regard to their correct light signals for ships at
anchor. They should also show their deck lights.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at 5 Tawfik Diab Street, Garden City, Cairo.
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
109
1. Egypt address
5 Tawfik Diab Street
Garden City, Cairo
2. U.S. address
Unit 64900
Box 15
APO AE (09839-4900)
U. S. Embassy Egypt Home Page:
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Vessel Traffic Service
A Vessel Traffic Service is in operation in the Strait of Tiran.
For further information, see Pub. 172, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Vessel Traffic Management and Information Systems are in
operation, as follows:
1. In the Gulf of Suez and the N part of the Red Sea.
2. Safaga (2644'N., 3357'E.).
For further information, see Pub. 172, Sailing Directions
(Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Pub. 160
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
111
111
111
112
112
112
112
112
112
112
113
113
113
General
Equatorial Guinea consists of Isla de Bioko (330'N.,
841'E.), formerly known as Macias Nguema Biyogo or Fernando Poo; Pagalu (126'N., 537'E.), formerly known as Annobon; and an enclave on the mainland, formerly known as Rio
Muni, which includes the adjacent islets of Corsico, Elobey
Grande, and Elobey Chico. The mainland portion of the country is bounded on the N by Cameroon and on the E and S by
Gabon.
Much volcanic activity exists on the various islands. In the
cultivated areas of the islands, mosquitoes, phalaria flies, and
tsetse flies are common up to a height of about 600m. Only
sand flies and mosquitoes are encountered in the townships.
Isla de Bioko is the largest island in the Gulf of Guinea. It
111
has two large volcanic formations separated by a valley that bisects the island at its narrowest point. The coast is high in the S
part, while lower and more accessible in the N.
The climate is very hot and the island has a very heavy annual rainfall, especially in the S part. The period from April to
October is the wettest, while the period from December to February is relatively dry. The warmest period is from January
through May when the average temperature is 26C. The
slightly cooler period is from July to October, when the mean
annual temperature is 24C. The island has recorded extreme
temperatures of 16C and 39C.
Rio Muni has a coastal plain which gives way to a succession of valleys separated by low hills and spurs of the Crystal
Mountains. The terrain is mostly made up of forest and woodland.
The climate is very hot and humid.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Aids to navigation are reported to be unreliable; they may be
missing, unlit, or out of position.
Cautions
General
Vessels entering the territorial waters of Equatorial Guinea
Pub. 160
Equatorial Guinea
112
without permission or not flying a courtesy ensign may be subject to heavy fines.
August 3
Armed Forces Day
August 15
Constitution Day
Piracy
Mariners are advised to be alert for pirates in the waters off
the coast of Isla de Bioko.
MARAD Advisory No. 10-7, containing guidance for vessels transiting territorial waters of the Gulf of Guinea, is in effect. For further information, see South Atlantic Ocean
Cautions.
October 12
Independence Day
November 17
St. Isabel of Hungary Day
December 8
Immaculate Conception
December 10
Human Rights Day
December 25
Christmas Day
Currency
The official unit of currency is the French African Community franc, consisting of 100 centimes.
Other holidays include Victory Day, Declaration of President
Vitalicio S.E. Massie Nguema Biyogo Day, and Ascension of
Equatorial Guineas Life President Day.
Industries
Government
The main industries are petroleum, lumber, and natural gas.
The main exports are petroleum and timber. The main export-trading partners are China, the United Kingdom, Brazil,
France, Japan, the Netherlands, India, and Spain.
The main imports are petroleum sector equipment, construction materials, and transport equipment. The main import-trading partners are the United States, Spain, China and France.
Languages
Flag of Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea is a republic. The country is divided into
seven provinces.
Equatorial Guinea is governed by a directly-elected President serving a 7-year term. The President appoints the Prime
Minister and a Council of Ministers. The bicameral National
Assembly consists of a 70-member Senate (55 directly-elected
members and 15 members appointed by the President) and a
100-member directly-elected Peoples Representatives, all
serving 5-year terms.
The legal system is based on Spanish civil law and customary law.
The capital is Malabo, located on Isla de Bioko.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
Good Friday
Variable
Easter Sunday
Variable
May 1
Labor Day
May 25
Organization of African Unity
Day
June 5
Presidents Birthday
Corpus Christi
Variable
Pub. 160
Spanish is the official language. Pidgin English and several
local dialects are also spoken.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 123, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Southwest Coast of
Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Equatorial Guinea are, as
follows:
Territorial Sea
12 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Creation of a maritime boundary in Corsico Bay with Gabon
has been hampered by a dispute over Islote Mbane (048'N.,
922'E.), which has been occupied and administered by Gabon
since the 1970s.
An equidistant settlement of the Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary was reached in 2002, but a dispute remains between Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea over
an island at the mouth of the Riviere Ntem and imprecisely-defined maritime coordinates in the settlement.
Equatorial Guinea
113
Search and Rescue
Time Zone
The Captain of the Port of Malabo is responsible for coordinating search and rescue operations up to 50 miles off the coast
of Equatorial Guinea. Vessels in distress should contact Malabo Port Control on VHF channel 16 or 8790.2 kHz.
Malabo Port Control maintains a continuous listening watch
for distress traffic on VHF channel 16.
The Time Zone description is ALFA (-1). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
Ship Reporting System
Gulf of Guinea Voluntary Reporting System.For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanShip Reporting
System.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy in Equatorial Guinea is located at Carretera Malabo II, Malabo.
The mailing address is Department of State, Washington, DC
(20521-2520).
U. S. Embassy Equatorial Guinea Home Page
http://malabo.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
115
ERITREA
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Pollution
Regulations
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
Traffic Separation Schemes
U.S. Embassy
115
115
115
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
117
117
117
General
Eritrea, located in the NE part of Africa, is bounded on the
NE by the Red Sea, on the SE by Djibouti, and on the NW by
Sudan. The Dahlak Archipelago, consisting of about 300 small
and mostly uninhabited islands, lies close off the coast.
Highlands in the W part of the country descend to a desert
strip along the coast.
The climate is hot and dry along the desert strip while the
highlands are cooler and wetter. The rain is heaviest between
June and September except on the coastal desert. Frequent
droughts occur.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Navigational lights in Eritrea have been reported to be unreliable.
Cautions
Special Warning 125 (Issued 15 March 2010)
Information on Special Warning 125 can be found in YemenCautions.
Gulf RegionCombined Maritime Forces (CMF) Special
Warning
See Indian OceanCautions for further information.
Locust Reports
See Indian OceanCautions for further information.
Oil Exploration
Oil exploration activities are being conducted off the coast of
Eritrea.
Maritime Security Patrol Area
The Commander, U.S. Navy Central Command has directed
the establishment of a Maritime Security Patrol Area (MSPA)
in the Gulf of Aden. For further information, see Indian
OceanCautionsPiracyMaritime Security Patrol Area.
Pub. 160
Eritrea
116
Currency
The official unit of currency is the nafka.
Government
export-trading partners are Italy, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, China,
and the United Kingdom.
The main imports are machinery, petroleum products, food,
and manufactured goods. The main import-trading partners are
Saudi Arabia, Egypt, China, India, Germany, Italy, South Africa, and Brazil.
Languages
Arabic, Tigrinya, and English are the official languages.
Navigational Information
Flag of Eritrea
Eritrea is authoritarian presidential regime. The country is
divided into six regions
Eritrea is governed by a President who is elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term. The President appoints ministers to the State Council. The unicameral National Assembly
consists of 150 members, with 75 members indirectly elected
by the ruling party and 75 directly-elected members, all serving 5-year terms.
The legal system is based on civil, customary, and Islamic
law.
The capital is Asmara.
An agreement of July, 1993 gives Ethiopia the right to use
the ports of Assab and Massawa.
Holidays
Maritime Claims
The only maritime claim of Eritrea is a territorial sea of 12
miles claimed from straight baselines; jurisdiction is claimed to
the limit of the pearl and sedentary fishing grounds.
Pollution
MARPOL Special Area
The Red Sea proper, including the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf
of Aqaba, has been designated as a MARPOL Special Area.
MARPOL Special Areas are sea areas where special mandatory methods for the prevention of oil pollution in the sea have
been adopted.
Further information can be found in Indian OceanPollutionMARPOL Special Areas.
Regulations
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
March 8
International Womens Day
May 24
National Liberation Day
June 20
Martyrs Day
September 1
Launching of Armed Struggle Day
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid Al-Fitr (End of Ramadan), Eid Al-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage), Hijrah (Islamic New Year), Ashoora, and
the Prophets Birthday.
Coptic Christian holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the moon, include Coptic Christmas, Epiphany, Good
Friday, Coptic Easter, Coptic New Year, and Meskal (Finding
of the True Cross).
Industries
The main industries are food processing, beverages, clothing
and textiles, light manufacturing, salt, and cement.
The main exports are gold and other minerals, livestock, sorghum, textiles, food, and small manufactured goods. The main
Pub. 160
Enroute Volume
Pub. 172, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
When entering the territorial waters of Eritrea, vessels may
be challenged by naval vessels. Vessels should be prepared to
identify themselves by their signal letters or by other means.
It is prohibited to stop, anchor, or lower boats while in Eritrean territorial waters.
Vessels arriving at or leaving Eritrean ports are subject to
medical inspections.
Search and Rescue
Port harbormaster offices are responsible for coordinating
maritime search and rescue operations and can be contacted by
telephone, as follows:
1. Asseb:
291-3-660077
291-3-660095
291-3-660101
2. Massawa:
291-1-552122
Ship Reporting System
Middle East Merchant Vessel Voluntary Reporting System
A voluntary reporting system covers the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean N of 1000'S, as well as the Arabian Sea. Merchant
vessels of any flag or ownership are invited to participate in
this system. For further information, see Indian OceanShip
Reporting System.
Eritrea
Maritime Liaison Office (MARLO) Bahrain Recommended Reporting Procedures
U.S.-flagged vessels, vessels under effective U.S. control,
and other maritime interests are advised to check in with the
Maritime Liaison Office (MARLO) Bahrain 48 hours prior to
entering the Gulf of Aden recommended transit corridor. For
further information, see Indian OceanPiracy.
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is CHARLIE (-3). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
117
Traffic Separation Schemes
Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) off Eritrea are, as follows:
1. In Bab-el-Mandeb. (IMO adopted)
2. West and S of Hanish al Kubra. (IMO adopted)
3. East of Az Zuqar (Jabal Zuqar). (IMO adopted)
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at 179 Ala Street, Asmara.
The mailing address is P.O. Box 211, Asmara.
U. S. Embassy Eritrea Home Page
http://eritrea.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
FALKLAND ISLANDS
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Mined Areas
Navigational Information
Offshore Islands
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
119
119
119
119
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
121
121
121
122
122
119
provides numerous sounds and bays which form excellent harbors. The S part of East Falkland Island is low, but the N part
rises to a considerable elevation.
The aspect of the islands is not striking. Ridges of rocky
hills, more than 300m high, traverse extensive tracts of treeless
moorland, which are bounded by rocky coasts.
West Falkland Island is slightly greater in average elevation
than East Falkland Island. Steep cliffs, exposed to the fury of
the W seas, front the W sides of this island and the adjoining
islets.
The islands have a cool temperate climate, very much affected by strong winds, particularly in the spring.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region B) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
General
Cautions
The Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), consisting of a group
of numerous islands, are a Crown Colony of Great Britain and
are claimed by Argentina. In April 1982, Argentine forces occupied the islands but the United Nations Security Council voted for their immediate withdrawal. After a military campaign,
the Argentine forces surrendered and the United Kingdom regained possession in June 1982.
East Falkland Island and West Falkland Island, the only two
islands of any size, are separated from each other by a sound
that varies in width from 2.3 to 12 miles. The group as a whole
Vessels remaining within a harbor for more than a few hours
must clean their sea water intakes daily to prevent fouling by
krill. The most serious fouling occurs at night; it is suspected
the krill is attracted by bright lights.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the Falkland Islands pound,
consisting of 100 pence.
Pub. 160
Falkland Islands
120
Fishing Areas
Industries
Large numbers of fishing vessels operate off the Falkland Islands. Fishing vessels transfer their catches to factory vessels
in Berkely Sound (5134'S., 5754'W.).
The main industries are fish processing, wool processing,
and tourism.
The main exports are wool, hides, meat, fish, and squid. The
main export-trading partners are Spain and the United States.
The main imports are fuel, food and beverages, building materials, and clothing. The main import-trading partners are the
United Kingdom, the United States, and the Netherlands.
Government
Queen Elizabeth II is recognized as the Chief of State and
appoints a Governor.
The Falkland Islands are administered by the appointed Governor, assisted by an Executive Council (which is the equivalent of a cabinet) and a 10-member elected Legislative Council,
two of which are appointed and eight of which are directly
elected, all serving 4-year terms. A Military Commissioner is
responsible for defense and internal security.
The legal system is based on English common law.
Stanley, the principal city, stands at the E side of East Falkland Island and is the location of the seat of government.
Flag of Falkland Islands
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
Good Friday
Variable
Easter Sunday
Variable
Easter Monday
Variable
April 21
The Queens Birthday
First Monday
in May
May Day
Last Monday in
May
Bank Holiday
June 14
Liberation Day
August 14
Languages
English is the official language.
Mined Areas
Mines laid in the vicinity of the Falkland Islands during the
1982 conflict have been cleared and hazards to shipping have
been marked; however, undiscovered dangers to navigation
may still exist. Vessels wishing to enter Falkland Islands waters are advised to contact the Harbor Master in Stanley.
Dangerous materials and ammunition may be found on many
of the shores.
Stanley, Port Fitzroy, Goose Green Settlement, Darwin Settlement, Port Howard, and Fox Bay are areas within which land
mines or booby traps are known to exist. There is no evidence
that other areas contain land mines or booby traps; however,
they may contain unexploded bombs or missiles. Mines have
been found on beaches and river banks outside of known mine
fields. The seaward approaches to land mine fields are not
marked. Special care is required when approaching the beaches
and rivers lying adjacent to the above-mentioned areas.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 124, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of South
America.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of the Falkland Islands are, as
follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles. **
Falklands Day
Last Monday in
August
Summer Bank Holiday
* Claims straight baselines.
December 8
Battle Day
December 25
Christmas Day
** Only enforced to a distance of 150 miles on the W of
the Falkland Islands, with a rhumb line between position
5230'00.0''S, 6319'15.0''W and position 5408'40.8''S,
6000'00.0''W.
December 26
Boxing Day
In addition, the first business day after Boxing Day is a public holiday known as Christmas Holiday. A government holiday is celebrated the two business days following Christmas
Holiday.
Pub. 160
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Argentina claims the United Kingdom-administered Falkland Islands, South Georgia, and the South Sandwich Islands.
The United Kingdom rejects sovereignty talks requested by
Argentina.
Falkland Islands
Offshore Islands
The South Atlantic Territories of South Georgia and the
South Sandwich Islands
121
dle-shaped. In summer, the lower hills standing near the coast
appear to be light brown in color, being free from snow and, in
most cases, covered with grass and moss. There is little flat
land and the island, except for patches of sparse grass and
moss, is almost entirely barren. The SW side of the island is
permanently frozen. The shores, especially at the N side, are
deeply indented, but the bays are dangerous during most of the
year because of large quantities of loose ice.
The climate is the same as for the Falkland Islands, being
cloudy and humid with strong W winds.
The South Sandwich Islands have an area of about 130
square miles and lie 470 miles SE of South Georgia Island. The
group consists of a chain of nine uninhabited islands, connected by a low submarine ledge. The islands, which offer little
shelter, are mostly volcanic with some showing signs of activity. Zavodovski, the northernmost island, is reported to be in
constant eruption.
The climate consists of fog, mist, and snow. The inclement
weather and poor visibility render the islands difficult to approach. During the winter and spring, the group is completely
surrounded by pack ice.
The maritime territorial claims of South Georgia and the
South Sandwich Islands are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
*South Georgia claims straight baselines.
Search and Rescue
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Flag of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
South Georgia Island, the South Sandwich Islands, Shag
Rocks, and Clerke Rocks are all overseas territories of the
United Kingdom.
South Georgia Island lies 800 miles SE of the Falkland Islands and has an area of about 1,450 square miles. It has no
permanent population and is administered by a Commissioner,
who resides in the Falkland Islands. A small military garrison
is situated at Grytviken, on South Georgia, and a biological station, maintained by the British Antarctic Survey, is reported to
be located on Bird Island.
Argentine forces invaded the island on 3 April 1982; however, a British naval task force recovered the territory on 25 April
1992.
The terrain is high and consists of very steep glacier-covered
mountains. Mount Paget, the summit, is 2,934m high and sad-
The Falkland Islands Rescue Coordination Center (FIRCC)
is responsible for coordinating search and rescue operations.
The FIRCC maintains a continuous listening watch on VHF
channel 16 and can be contacted, as follows:
1. Call sign:
Falklands Rescue
2. Telephone:
500-74252
500-74235
500-74344
500-74030
3. Facsimile:
500-74368
4. E-mail:
[email protected]
The Falkland Islands Fisheries Department maintains a continuous listening watch on VHF channel 16 and 2182 kHz, a
daylight hours only listening watch on 4066.1 kHz, and can be
contacted, as follows:
1. Call signs:
Fishops
Stanley Port Control
2. Telephone:
500-27260 (main office)
500-27266 (operations room)
500-53045 (after office hours)
3. Facsimile:
500-27265 (main office)
4. E-mail:
[email protected]
Ship Reporting System
Vessel Reporting System
Vessels are advised to send in their ETA 24 hours in advance.
All vessels engaged in transshipment operations in Falkland
Pub. 160
122
Falkland Islands
waters and entering or leaving Berkeley Sound, Port William,
or Stanley Harbor are required to report to Stanley Port Control. For further information, see Pub. 124, Sailing Directions
(Enroute) East Coast of South America.
South Sandwich Islands, the Time Zone description is OSCAR
(+2). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
U.S. Embassy
Time Zone
For the Falkland Islands, the Time Zone description is PAPA
(+3). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
For the South Atlantic Territories of South Georgia and the
Pub. 160
There is no U.S. Embassy in the Falkland Islands or the
South Atlantic Territories of South Georgia and the South
Sandwich Islands.
These groups are dependencies of the United Kingdom.
123
FRENCH GUIANA
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Firing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Meteorology
Navigational Information
Regulations
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Signals
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
AppendixSURNAV
123
123
123
123
123
123
124
124
124
124
124
124
124
125
125
125
125
127
General
French Guiana, located in the N part of South America, is
bounded on the W by Suriname and on the S and E by Brazil. It
includes the offshore islands of Devil's Island, Royal Island,
and St. Joseph Island.
The land rises gradually from a low swampy coastline, 200
miles long, to higher slopes and plains about 50 miles inland.
The low mountains are composed entirely of granite and extend in an E/W direction.
The country is well drained, with more than 20 rivers discharging into the ocean. Immense forests of rich timber cover
about 90 per cent of the land.
The climate is tropical, hot, and humid with very little seasonal temperature variation.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region B) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Cautions
Heavy rollers may occur along the coast from December
through February, but especially in December and January,
when the Northeast Trade Winds are strong. Rollers appear
where the depths decrease irregularly or in depths of about 9m
over coastal sand banks and mud banks.
Currency
The official monetary unit is the Euro, consisting of 100
cents.
Firing Areas
Rocket firings, associated with the space program at the Centre Spatial de Kourou (515'N., 5245'W.), are conducted off
the coast of French Guiana.
Danger areas are promulgated by Radio Navigational Warning Messages.
Government
French Guiana is an overseas department of France.
Pub. 160
French Guiana
124
French Guiana is administered by a directly-elected 19member General Council and a 31-member Regional Council;
members of both bodies serve 6-year terms. It is represented in
the French National Assembly and Senate. The French government is represented by an appointed Prefect.
The legal system is based on French civil law.
The capital is Cayenne.
sence, and clothing. The main export-trading partners are
France and Switzerland.
The main imports are food, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, and chemicals. The main import-trading partners
are France, the United States, and Trinidad and Tobago.
Languages
French is the official language.
Meteorology
Marine weather forecasts are available in French from Meteo
Antilles-Guyane (http://www.meteo.gp).
Navigational Information
Flag of French Guiana
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
Enroute Volume
Pub. 124, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of South
America.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of French Guiana are, as follows:
Territorial Sea
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Variable
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Mid Lent
Variable
Continental Shelf
Good Friday
Variable
Depth of 200m or the Limit
of Exploitation.
Easter Sunday
Variable
Easter Monday
Variable
May 1
Labor Day
May 8
World War II Victory Day
Ascension Day
Variable
Whitsunday
Variable
Whitmonday
Variable
June 10
Abolition of Slavery
July 14
Bastille Day
August 15
Assumption Day
October 15
Cayenne Festival
November 1
All Saints Day
November 2
All Souls Day
November 11
Armistice Day
December 25
Christmas Day
January 1
New Years Day
Mardi Gras
Variable
Ash Wednesday
Industries
The main industries are construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, and gold mining.
The main exports are shrimp timber, gold, rum, rosewood es-
Pub. 160
Regulations
Vessels in transit or stationary within the territorial waters,
except when alongside in port, should maintain a continuous
listening watch on VHF channel 16 and respond to calls by official vessels and French coast radio stations.
Dangerous cargo is handled during daylight hours only. Vessels must provide an advance notice of 24 hours when carrying
dangerous cargo.
Radio pratique will be granted by radio provided it is requested in the ETA message to Cayenne.
Search and Rescue
Maritime Rescue Coordination Subcenter (MRSC) Cayenne
is associated with MRCC Fort-de-France, which is located on
Martinique and is the Centre Regional de Surveillance et de
Sauvetage aux Antilles-Guyana (CROSSAG). CROSSAG is
responsible for coordinating search and rescue operations in its
area of responsibility and maintains a continuous listening
watch for distress traffic on 2182 kHz and VHF channel 16.
MRSC Cayenne can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
594-594-304444
2. Facsimile:
594-594-395790
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
[email protected]
French Guiana
MRCC Fort-de-France can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
596-596-709292
596-596-731616
2. Facsimile:
596-596-632450
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
Ship Reporting System
SURNAV.The SURNAV system is intended to prevent accidental pollution in the territorial water of French Guiana and
the waters within 50 miles of the coast of French Guiana. For
further information, see the Appendix.
125
the port authorities.
Meaning
Day signal
Night signal
Port closed
Three red balls,
vertically disposed
Three red lights,
vertically disposed
Port open
The appropriate
signal from the
International Code of
Signals
Three red lights,
vertically disposed
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is PAPA (+3). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
Signals
U.S. Embassy
Special signals, which may be used in certain ports, are given in the accompanying table. The use of these signals may
signify that obstructions may exist in the fairway; vessels must
proceed with extreme caution and obey any signals given by
The U.S. maintains no resident representation in French Guiana. The country lies within the consular district of the U.S.
Consulate General at Fort-de-France, Martinique.
Pub. 160
French Guiana
127
AppendixSURNAV
The SURNAV system is intended to prevent accidental pollution in the territorial water of French Guiana and the waters
within 50 miles of the coast of French Guiana.
Covered Vessels.The regulations are mandatory for the
following vessels:
1. Vessels carrying hydrocarbons or the gaseous residues
of hydrocarbons as specified in Annex 1 of MARPOL 73.
2. Non-inert tankers and vessels carrying the following:
a. Noxious liquid substances as specified in Annex 2
of MARPOL 73 and classed in Category A and Category
B in Chapter 17 of the IBC Code.
b. Liquefied gas in bulk.
c. Plutonium-239, uranium-233, uranium-235, uranium-238, thorium, or all materials containing them, with
the exception of ores.
d. Acetaldehyde (UN 1089), ether ethyl (UN 1155),
ethyl vinylic ether (UN 1302), monoethylamine (UN
1036), ammonium nitrate (UN 0222), or propylene oxide
(UN 1280).
e. Composite organochlorides, such as organochloride
pesticides (UN 2761, UN 2762, UN 2995, and UN 2996).
3. Vessels carrying the following:
a. Noxious liquid substances as specified in Annex 2
of MARPOL 73 and not listed above.
b. Harmful liquid substances as specified in Annex 3
of MARPOL 73.
c. Dangerous cargo as specified in the International
Maritime Code of Dangerous Goods (IMDG), including
radioactive materials specified in the INF Code.
d. Dangerous cargo as specified in Chapter 17 of the
IBC Code and Chapter 19 of the IGC Code.
SURNAV-FRANCE Messages.All vessels listed in paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 of Covered Vessels preparing to pass
through or stay in the territorial waters of French Guiana must
send a SURNAV-FRANCE message to CROSS Antilles-Guyane 6 hours prior to entering the territorial waters of French Guiana or 6 hours prior to departing from a port or anchorage in
French Guiana.
The message covers the entire planned voyage in the territorial waters until departure or until arrival at the destination,
even if the vessels route takes it out of these waters and back
in again. If there is a change in the vessels planned route, or
the vessel is unable to maneuver or navigate, the vessel must
send a correcting message as soon as possible.
SURNAV-FRANCE messages should be send to CROSS
Antilles-Guyane and prefixed SURNAV-FRANCE using any
method available to the vessel. Messages should be sent in the
format given in the table titled SURNAV-FRANCE Message
and should also include the following additional information:
1. Intended movements within territorial waters.
2. Current ability to maneuver and navigate.
SURNAV-FRANCE Message
Designator
Information required
ALFA
Vessels name, call sign, and flag.
BRAVO
Date and time (UTC), suffixed ZULU
(6 figures DD/HH/MM).
SURNAV-FRANCE Message
Designator
Information required
CHARLIE
Position (latitude/longitude).
ECHO
Course.
FOXTROT
Speed.
GOLF
Last port of call.
HOTEL
1. Date and time (UTC) and position of entering territorial waters. *
2. Date and time (UTC) and place
of departure. *
*Whichever is appropriate.
INDIA
Destination.
KILO
1. Date and time (UTC) and position of leaving territorial waters. *
2. Date and time (UTC) of arrival
at destination (port, anchorage, waiting position, deballasting position)
within territorial waters. *
*Whichever is appropriate.
MIKE
Radio watch maintained.
OSCAR
Draft.
PAPA **
Cargotype (as defined by MARPOL
73) and quantity.
QUEBEC **
Any defects, damage, faults, or restrictions.
UNIFORM
Type of vessel.
XRAY **
Other remarks.
ZULU
End of message.
** Vessels should refer to IMO Resolution A.851(20) in
order to correctly give the information requested.
Vessels arriving from outside the European Union.All
vessels listed in paragraph 1, paragraph 2, and paragraph 3 of
Covered Vessels arriving from a port outside the European
Union must send a message when departing from the loading
port, or as soon as possible if changing destinations, using any
method available to the vessel to CROSS Antilles-Guyane stating either the following information or indicating the authority
holding this information in the European Union:
1. Vessel name and call sign.
2. Flag.
3. Draft and loa.
4. Destination port.
5. ETA at destination port, pilot station, or designated
anchorage, as requested by the local authority
6. ETD.
7. Planned itinerary.
8. Precise technical names of dangerous or polluting cargo; UN numbers, if necessary; risk classes, as defined by the
IMO in accordance with the IMDG Code and the IBC/IGC
compendium; and the INF category of the vessel, if necesPub. 160
French Guiana
128
sary.
9. Confirmation that a list, manifesto, or loading diagram is held on board that details the dangerous or polluting
cargo on board the vessel and the location of it.
10. Number of crew.
Incident/Accident Report.Vessels of 300 gross tons and
over on a commercial voyage and navigating with the limits of
the Economic Zone, or when outside the limits of the zone but
less than 50 miles from the coast must immediately report the
following:
1. Every incident or accident affecting the safety of the
vessel (collision, stranding, damage, breakdown or failure,
invasion or movement of cargo, or all defects within the hull
or damage to the structure).
2. Every incident or accident affecting the safety of navigation (damage likely to affect the vessels maneuverability
or navigation, or every defect affecting the propulsion systems, steering gear, the production of power, or the navigation or communication equipment).
3. Every situation likely to lead to pollution (discharge or
risk of discharge of pollutants into the sea).
4. Every slick of pollution and every drifting container
seen in the sea.
Messages should be sent to CROSS Antilles-Guyane using
any method available to the vessel, in the format given in the
table titled SURNAV-FRANCE Incident/Accident Report.
SURNAV-FRANCE Incident/Accident Report
Designator
Information required
ALFA
Vessels name, call sign, and flag.
BRAVO
Date and time (UTC), suffixed ZULU
(6 figures DD/HH/MM).
CHARLIE
Position (latitude/longitude).
ECHO
Course.
FOXTROT
Speed.
GOLF
Last port of call.
INDIA
Destination and ETA.
MIKE
Radio watch maintained.
OSCAR
Draft.
PAPA *
Cargo and details of dangerous or
pollutant cargo on board.
Pub. 160
SURNAV-FRANCE Incident/Accident Report
Designator
Information required
QUEBEC *
Nature of incident or situation, with
damage or problem suffered.
ROMEO *
Description of the pollution caused
and of all containers, parcels, or cargo
lost overboard or observed drifting and
presenting a danger to navigation and/
or the environment.
TANGO
Owners details, charter company, and
possible consignees in France.
UNIFORM
Vessel type, characteristics, and
tonnage.
WHISKEY
Number of people on board.
XRAY *
Date and time (UTC) of possible call
for assistance or towing, possible
presence and name of assisting vessel,
time (UTC) of contacting a possible
assisting vessel, or other information.
YANKEE
Request transmission of report to
another system (AMVER, JASREP,
MAREP, etc.).
ZULU
End of message.
* Vessels should refer to IMO Resolution A.851(20) in
order to correctly give the information requested.
Listening watchThroughout the duration of a transit or
stay in territorial waters, vessels listed in paragraph 1, paragraph 2, and paragraph 3 of Covered Vessels must maintain a
continuous listening watch on 2182 kHz, VHF channel 16, and
any other frequency they are advised to listen on.
Contact Information.CROSS Antilles-Guyane can be
contacted, as follows:
1. Call sign:
CROSSAG
2. VHF:
VHF channel 16
3. Radiotelephone: 2182 kHz
4. Telephone:
596-596-709292
5. Facsimile:
596-596-632450
6. Telex:
584-422799024 (INMARSAT-C)
7. E-mail:
[email protected]
FRENCH SOUTHERN AND ANTARCTIC LANDS
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Firing Areas
Government
Industries
Navigational Information
Regulations
Ship Reporting System
129
130
130
130
130
131
131
131
131
131
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
129
132
132
General
The Crozet Islands (Iles Crozet)
The Crozet Islands are an archipelago consisting of two
groups of volcanic islands lying about 50 miles apart. The islands lie between 4557'S and 4630'S, and between 5010'E
and 5220'E and, with the exception of Ile de la Possession,
Pub. 160
130
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
have been declared a sanctuary for all forms of wildlife.
Ile aux Cochons, with an area of 26 square miles, is the main
island of the W group. Its summit, 775m high, is always covered with snow.
Ile de la Possession, the largest island, lies in the E group. It
is mostly formed by a splendid mass of volcanic mountains,
the summit of which is 935m high and usually covered with
snow.
The winds are often extremity violent in the vicinity of these
islands. The sky is usually overcast and the weather cold and
bleak.
Amsterdam Island (Ile Amsterdam)
Amsterdam Island (3751'S., 7733'E.) has an area of 21
square miles and has been declared a sanctuary for all forms of
wild life. The island is of volcanic origin and composed of basaltic lava and ashes. It has a high rugged cone on which stand
several old volcanic craters. Some wild cattle, penguins, and
seals frequent the W side of the island.
Lobster boats less than 35m long may operate in the vicinity
of Amsterdam Island.
Saint-Paul Island (Ile Saint Paul)
Saint-Paul Island (3843'S., 7733'E.) has an area of 2
square miles and has been declared a sanctuary for all forms of
wildlife.
The island is formed by the above-water part of an extinct
volcano; a large section is occupied by a submerged crater. It
has sulfurous hot springs and is overrun with rabbits and rats.
Strong W winds and overcast skies predominate for most of
the year. Significant E winds blow between December and
March. Gales are common. When SW winds blow, violent
squalls usually sweep down the sides of the crater.
Lobster boats less than 35m long may operate in the vicinity
of Saint-Paul Island.
Europa Island
Europa Island (2220'S., 4022'E.) is a low, flat, sandy, and
heavily-wooded island with an area of about 10.8 square miles.
The island has a maximum elevation of 24m.
The island is a wildlife sanctuary for sea birds and sea turtles.
Tromelin Island
Tromelin Island (1552'S., 5425'E.), a low, flat, and sandy
island, has an area of about 0.4 square mile. The island has a
maximum elevation of 7m and is likely a volcanic seamount.
The island is a wildlife sanctuary for sea birds and sea turtles.
Bassas da India
Bassas da India (2130'S., 3950'E.), an uninhabitable circular atoll of volcanic rock surrounded by reefs surrounding a
shallow lagoon, sits atop an extinct submerged volcano and is
awash at high water. The atoll has a maximum elevation of
2.4m.
The Glorioso Islands
The Glorioso Islands (1130'S., 4720'E.) consist of Ile
Glorieuse and Ile du Lys, two lushly-vegetated coral islands,
and three rocks, with a total area of about 1.9 square miles. The
islands and rocks are surrounded by an extensive reef system
and have a maximum elevation of 12m. The islands are a marine nature reserve.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Cautions
The Kerguelen Islands (Iles de Kerguelen)
The Kerguelen Islands are an archipelago consisting of over
300 islands, islets, and rocks. The islands, islets, and rocks lie
between 4827'S and 4958'S, and between 6825'E and
7035'E. Portions of the islands have been declared a sanctuary
for all forms of wildlife.
Mont Grand Ross, 1,849m high, is the summit of Grand
Terre, the main island. It is always covered with snow and glaciers descend down the sides. Because of the rugged and boggy
nature of the ground, in addition to the severity of the climate
and the absence of trees and wood, the interior of the island is
little visited. It is reported that reindeer, trout, and sheep have
been acclimatized.
Squalls, descending from the heights with great speed and a
deafening roar, quickly transform the surface of the sea near
the island into a froth. Even in summer, scarcely a day passes
without winds of force 8 or 9 blowing for a few minutes.
Juan de Nova Island
Juan de Nova Island (1703'S., 4245'E.) is a low, flat, and
sandy island with an area of about 1.7 square miles. The island
has a maximum elevation of 10m.
The island is a wildlife sanctuary for sea birds and sea turtles.
Pub. 160
Antipollution laws are strictly enforced in the vicinity of
Amsterdam Island and Saint-Paul Island.
The NW and W coasts of the Kerguelen Islands have been
declared a national park, in which hunting and fishing are forbidden.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the Euro, consisting of 100
cents.
Firing Areas
A firing practice area off the SE side of the Glorioso Islands
is bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1134'42.0''S, 4718'28.2''E.
b. 1133'58.8''S, 4719'58.2''E.
c. 1134'40.2''S, 4720'13.2''E.
d. 1135'24.0''S, 4720'16.2''E.
e. 1136'04.2''S, 4720'07.2''E.
f. 1136'47.4''S, 4719'42.6''E.
g. 1135'27.0''S, 4717'54.0''E.
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Government
131
search stations.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 171, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of Africa.
Maritime Claims
As a dependent territories of France, the maritime territorial
claims of are identical to the maritime territorial claims of
France, as follows:
Flag of French Southern/Antarctic Lands
All the islands and archipelagos are dependent territories of
France.
The territory is administered from France.
The legal system is based on French law.
The Crozet Islands (Iles Crozet)
The seat of administration is situated in Port Alfred, at the
head of Crique du Navire (4625'S., 5152'E.), on Ile de la
Possession. It is reported that a permanent scientific station is
maintained by the French government at Port Alfred.
Amsterdam Island (Ile Amsterdam)
The seat of administration is situated at Roche Godon, on the
NE part of the island. A permanently-inhabited meteorological
and scientific station stands at Roche Godon.
The Kerguelen Islands (Iles de Kerguelen)
The seat of administration is situated in Port aux Francais
(4921'S., 7013'E.) on Grand Terre. It is the only permanent
and inhabited settlement in the archipelago and is the site of a
meteorological and scientific station.
Juan de Nova Island
A small military garrison and meteorological station is located on the island. The island is occasionally visited by scientists.
Europa Island
A small military garrison and meteorological station is located on the island. The island is occasionally visited by scientists.
Tromelin Island
The island is uninhabited but is occasionally visited by scientists.
The Glorioso Islands
A small military garrison and meteorological station is located on Ile Glorieuse. The islands are occasionally visited by scientists.
Industries
Economic activity is limited to servicing French and other
fishing fleets, as well as the meteorological and geophysical re-
Territorial Sea
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
Depth of 200m or the Limit
of Exploitation.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Juan de Nova Island, Europa Island, Bassas da India, the
Glorioso Islands, and Banc du Geyser are claimed by Madagascar.
Tromelin Island is claimed by Mauritius.
Regulations
Single-Hull Tankers
Single-hull tankers carrying heavy petroleum products are
not permitted to enter, leave, or anchor.
Fishing
French regulations prohibit all fishing within the 12-mile
zone of territorial waters and the 200-mile economic zone surrounding the Crozet Islands.
French regulations prohibit all fishing within the 12-mile
zone of territorial waters surrounding Iles de Kerguelen. All
fishing, with the exception of trawling, is prohibited within the
200-mile economic zone. However, trawling is prohibited
within the economic zone during the months of March, April,
and May and in the SE quadrant of the economic zone, bounded on the N side by 4930'S and on the W side by 6900'E, between 15 September and 15 November.
Ship Reporting System
SURNAV.Vessels bound to and from the Crozet Islands,
Amsterdam Island, Saint-Paul Island, and the Kerguelan Islands are all subject to the reporting requirements of SURNAV.
The SURNAV system is intended to prevent accidental pollution in French territorial waters of the South Indian Ocean,
hereafter known as the Area, and the waters within 50 miles of
the coast of the Area. The Area includes the following:
1. Reunion, including Mayotte and Iles Esparses.
2. The Crozet Islands.
3. Amsterdam Island.
4. Saint-Paul Island.
5. The Kerguelen Islands.
Pub. 160
132
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
6. Bassas da India.
7. Europa Island.
8. The Glorioso Islands.
9. Juan de Nova Island.
10. Tromelin Island.
For further information, see ReunionShip Reporting
System.
Savings Time is not observed.
The Time Zone description for the Crozet Islands and Tromelin Island is DELTA (-4). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
The Time Zone description for the Glorioso Islands, Juan de
Nova Island, Bassas da India, and Europa Island is CHARLIE
(-3). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
The Time Zone description for the Kerguelen Islands, SaintPaul Island, and Amsterdam Island is ECHO (-5). Daylight
The islands are an Oversea Departments of France. There is
no diplomatic representation.
Pub. 160
GABON
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
133
133
133
133
133
134
134
134
134
134
134
134
133
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
It is reported that obsolescent buoyage (Uniform System of
Buoyage) may still be encountered in some waters.
It is reported that lights and navigational aids on the coast of
Gabon are unreliable; they may be missing, unlit, or out of position.
Cautions
MARAD Advisory No. 10-7, containing guidance for vessels transiting territorial waters of the Gulf of Guinea, is in effect. For further information, see South Atlantic Ocean
Cautions.
General
Gabon, located on the Equator, is bounded on the N by
Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon, on the E and S by the Republic of Congo, and on the W by the Atlantic Ocean.
The country consists of a narrow coastal plain, a hilly interior, and savanna regions in the E and S.
The land is mostly covered with a dense equatorial forest.
The climate is always hot and humid. There is a heavy rainfall. The dry periods are from the middle of May to the middle
of September and from the middle of December to the middle
of February.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Currency
The official unit of currency is the French African Community franc, consisting of 100 centimes.
Government
Gabon is a republic. The country is divided into nine provinces.
Gabon is governed by a directly-elected President serving a
7-year term. The Prime Minister, who is appointed by the President, is the head of government and appoints a Council of
Ministers in consultation with the President. The bicameral
legislature consists of a 102-member indirectly-elected Senate,
Pub. 160
Gabon
134
and Algeria.
Languages
French is the official language. Several native dialects are also spoken, with the principal ones being Fang, Nzebi, Bateke,
Bapounou (Eschira), and Bandjabi.
Navigational Information
Flag of Gabon
serving 6-year terms, and a directly-elected 120-member National Assembly, serving 5-year terms.
The legal system is based on French civil law and customary
law.
The capital is Libreville.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
Enroute Volume
Pub. 123, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Southwest Coast of
Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Gabon are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
January 1
New Years Day
March 12
Renovation Day
Easter Sunday
Variable
Easter Monday
Variable
May 1
Labor Day
May 6
Martyrs Day
Whitsunday
Variable
Whitmonday
Variable
August 15
Assumption Day
August 17
Independence Day
November 1
All Saints Day
December 25
Christmas Day
Time Zone
December 31
New Years Eve
The Time Zone description is ALFA (-1). Daylight Savings
Time is not observed.
Eid-il-Fitr (End of Ramadan) and Eid-il-Adha (End of Pilgrimage) are observed Islamic holidays, the dates of which
vary from year to year and are subject to the appearance of the
moon.
Industries
The major industries are agriculture, petroleum extraction
and refining, manganese, gold, chemicals, ship repair, food and
beverages, textiles, lumber and plywood, and cement.
The main exports are crude oil, timber, manganese, and uranium. The main export-trading partners are China, Japan, Australia, the United States, India, and South Korea.
The main imports are machinery and equipment, foodstuffs,
chemicals, and construction materials. The main import-trading partners are France, Ivory Coast, China, the United States,
Pub. 160
* Claims straight baselines.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Creation of a maritime boundary in Corisco Bay with Equatorial Guinea has been hampered by a dispute over Islote
Mbane (048'N., 922'E.), which has been occupied and administered by Gabon since the 1970s.
Ship Reporting System
Gulf of Guinea Voluntary Reporting System.For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanShip Reporting
System.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Boulevard du Bord de Mer,
Libreville.
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
1. Gabon address
Sabliere, B.P. 4000
Libreville
2. U. S. address
2270 Libreville Place
Washington DC (20521-2270)
U. S. Embassy Gabon Home Page
http://libreville.usembassy.gov
GHANA
General
Areas to be Avoided
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Signals
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
135
135
135
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
137
137
137
137
137
General
Ghana, located on the W coast of Africa, is bounded on the
W by the Ivory Coast, on the N by Burkina Faso, and on the E
by Togo. The seacoast, about 290 miles long, lies between a
position 2.5 miles W of Newtown (505'N., 304'W.)
and a point 0.8 mile SW of Lome.
The land is fronted by a low sandy shore and backed by
plains and scrub. In the extreme W and E parts, sand spits enclose large lagoons which are bordered by mangrove forests.
A tropical rain forest belt extends N for 175 miles from a
135
point on the shore near the border with the Ivory Coast. It is
broken by several hills and many streams and rivers. This area,
known as the Ashanti, produces most of Ghana's cocoa, minerals, and timber.
The country lying to the N of this belt varies from 90 to
390m in elevation and is covered by low bush, parkland savannah, and grassland plains.
The climate ranges from equatorial along the coast to savannah in the N part and is typified by the existence of well-defined dry and wet seasons.
Areas to be Avoided
An IMO-adopted Area to be Avoided Off the Coast of Ghana in the Atlantic Ocean has been established around Jubilee
Well. Except for ships authorized by the Ghana Maritime Authority, all ships should avoid the areas within a radius of 5
miles centered on position 432'06.6''N, 254'36.0''W. and position 435'20.4''N, 308'24.0''W
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Aids to navigation in Ghana are unreliable. Lights may be
extinguished; buoys and beacons may be missing, unlit, or out
of position.
Pub. 160
Ghana
136
Cautions
March 6
Independence Day
General
Offshore oil and gas exploration is carried out in the coastal
and deep-water areas off the coast of Ghana.
The West African Gas Pipeline lies off the coast of Ghana.
For further information, see South Atlantic OceanCautions.
Good Friday
Variable
Easter Sunday
Variable
Easter Monday
Variable
May 1
May Day
May 25
African Union Day
Piracy
MARAD Advisory No. 10-7, containing guidance for vessels transiting territorial waters of the Gulf of Guinea, is in effect. For further information, see South Atlantic Ocean
Cautions.
July 1
Republic Day
September 21
Kwame Nkrumas Birthday
December 25
Christmas Day
December 26
Boxing Day
Currency
The official unit of currency is the cedi, consisting of 100 pesewas.
Fishing Areas
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid-il-Fitr (End of Ramadan) and Eid-il-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage).
Industries
Fishing vessels, many of which are unlit, may be encountered off the coast.
When near the coast, a sharp lookout should be kept for canoes. These fishing canoes may be found as far offshore as the
200m curve.
Government
The main industries are agriculture, mining, lumbering, light
manufacturing, aluminum smelting, food processing, cement,
small commercial shipbuilding, and petroleum.
The main exports are oil, gold, cocoa, timber, tuna, bauxite,
aluminum, manganese ore, diamonds, and horticultural products. The main export-trading partners are China, France, the
Netherlands, India, and South Africa.
The main imports are capital equipment, petroleum, and
foodstuffs. The main import-trading partners are China, Nigeria, the Netherlands, Ivory Coast, and the United States.
Languages
English is the official language. In addition, about 75 native
dialects are also spoken.
Navigational Information
Flag of Ghana
Ghana is a constitutional democracy. The country is divided
into ten regions.
Ghana is governed by a directly-elected President who
serves a 4-year term. The President appoints a Council of Ministers, subject to approval by the Parliament. The unicameral
Parliament consists of 275 directly-elected members serving 4year terms.
The legal system is based on English common law and customary law.
The capital is Accra.
Holidays
Enroute Volume
Pub. 123, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Southwest Coast of
Africa.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Ghana are, as follows:
Territorial Sea
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
Pub. 160
New Years Day
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Disputed maritime boundary with Ivory Coast.
Ghana
Search and Rescue
Rescue Coordination Center (RCC) Accra is located at the
Air Traffic Services Department of the Ghana Civil Aviation
Authority and can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone:
233-30-2773283
233-24-4540656
2. Facsimile:
233-30-2769401
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
Tema Coast Radio Station (9GX) maintains a continuous listening watch on all international distress frequencies.
Ship Reporting System
Gulf of Guinea Voluntary Reporting System.For further
information, see South Atlantic OceanShip Reporting
System.
Signals
The following signals may be displayed at signal stations in
137
Takoradi (453'N., 145'W.) and Tema (537'N., 001'E.):
Day signal:
Two black balls, vertically disposed
Night signal:
Two red lights, vertically disposed
Meaning:
Expected line squall or thunderstorm
of slight to moderate intensity
accompanied by NE to E winds
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is ZULU. Daylight Savings Time
is not observed.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at No. 24 4th Circular Road,
Cantonments, Accra.
The mailing address is P.O. Box GP 2288, Accra.
U. S. Embassy Ghana Home Page
http://ghana.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
GUYANA
General
Buoyage System
Cautions
Currency
Fishing Areas
Government
Holidays
Industries
Languages
Navigational Information
Regulations
Search and Rescue
Ship Reporting System
Time Zone
U.S. Embassy
139
139
139
139
140
140
140
140
140
140
141
141
141
141
141
139
3. A hinterland composed of several mountain ranges and
extensive savannas
Approximately 87 per cent of the land area is covered with
forests.
The climate is tropical, with rainy seasons from April to July
and November to January. The humidity is high all year, but
temperatures are moderated by sea breezes.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region B) is in effect. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Exposed light structures marking the approaches to river
ports are liable to be destroyed.
General
Cautions
Guyana, located on the NE coast of Latin America, is fronted by the Atlantic Ocean. It is bounded on the E by Suriname,
on the W by Venezuela, and on the S and W by Brazil.
The country can be divided roughly into three regions, as follows:
1. A low coastal region, about 250 miles long, which varies in width up to 30 miles and constitutes the agricultural area.
2. An intermediate area, about 100 miles wide, which is
composed of slightly higher undulating land and which provides the chief mineral and forest resources
Heavy rollers may occur along the coast from December
through February, but especially in December and January,
when the NE trade winds are strong. Rollers appear where the
depths decrease irregularly or in depths of about 9m over
coastal sand banks and mud banks.
Piracy incidents have been reported (2006) in Georgetown.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the Guyana dollar, consisting
of 100 cents.
Pub. 160
Guyana
140
Fishing Areas
Large-scale shrimp fishing is carried out off the coast of
Guyana.
Government
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid Al-Fitr (End of Ramadan), Eid Al-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage), and the Prophets Birthday.
Industries
The major industries are bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber,
textiles, and gold mining.
The main exports are sugar, gold, bauxite, alumina, rice,
shrimp, molasses, rum, and timber. The main export-trading
partners are the United States, Canada, Venezuela, and the
United Kingdom.
The main imports are manufactured goods, machinery, petroleum, and food. The main import-trading partners are the
United States, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, China, and Suriname.
Flag of Guyana
Guyana is a republic. The country is divided into ten regions.
Guyana is governed by a directly-elected President, as the
leader of a party list in parliamentary elections, to a 5-year
term. The President appoints the Prime Minister and the Cabinet of Ministers. The National Assembly consists of 65 directly-elected members, under a system of proportional
representation, serving 5-year terms.
The legal system is based on English common law, with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law.
The capital is Georgetown.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
February 23
Republic Day
Phagwah (Holi)
Variable
Good Friday
Variable
Holy Saturday
Variable
Easter Sunday
Variable
Easter Monday
Variable
May 1
Labor Day
May 5
Indian Heritage Day
May 26
Independence Day
First Monday in July
CARICOM Day
First Monday in August
Emancipation Day/
Freedom Day
Diwali (Deepavali)
Variable
December 25
Christmas Day
December 26
Boxing Day
December 31
Old Years Night
Pub. 160
Languages
English is the official language. Several Amerindian dialects
are also spoken.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 124, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of South
America.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of Guyana are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the
Continental Margin.
* Requires advance permission or notification for
innocent passage of warships in the territorial sea.
Maritime Boundary Disputes
Guyana and Suriname seek United Nations arbitration to resolve a long-standing dispute over the axis of the territorial sea
in potentially oil-rich waters.
Venezuelas claim of all territory W of the River Essequibo
has prevented any discussions regarding the maritime boundary between Guyana and Venezuela. Based on a recent oil discovery, which Guyana claims is within the Guyanese Exclusive
Economic Zone, it has been reported (2015) Venezuela has issued a decree that would annex Guyanese maritime waters as a
theoretical new defense zone which would leave Guyana
with no direct access to the Atlantic Ocean.
Guyana has expressed its intention to challenge the N limit
of Trinidad and Tobagos maritime boundary with Venezuela
under the claim that this boundary extends into the territorial
waters of Guyana.
Guyana
Regulations
General
Dangerous cargo is handled during daylight hours only.
Pratique
Pratique is given at Georgetown (648.8'N., 5810.3'W.)
when the pilot boards and includes vessel bound for ports on
the Essequibo River and the Berbice River. Radio pratique is
not available; vessels with a contagious disease on board must
advise by radio and wait for instructions in the quarantine anchorage.
Search and Rescue
The Maritime Corps of the Guyana Defense Force is responsible for coordinating search and rescue operations. A Maritime Rescue Coordination Center is located in Georgetown and
can be contacted by telephone (592-22-68410, 592-22-60570,
or 592-22-60579).
Demerara Coast Radio Station (8RB) maintains a continuous
listening watch for distress calls on 2182 kHz.
Ship Reporting System
CARICOM (Caribbean Community) Advance Passenger
Information System (APIS)
CARICOM APIS is a mandatory reporting system providing
Advance Passenger Information (API) about passengers and
crew to the Joint Regional Communications Center (JRCC)
Barbados for vessels bound for or departing from a port in the
following participating CARICOM member states:
1. Antigua and Barbuda.
2. Barbados.
3. Dominica.
4. Grenada.
5. Guyana.
6. Jamaica.
7. St. Kitts and Nevis.
8. St. Lucia.
9. St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
10. Trinidad and Tobago.
The JRCC Barbados has been selected by the governments
of the participating CARICOM states as the agent for collecting and collating data from arriving and departing vessels and
can be contacted, as follows:
1. Telephone: 1-246-4297931 (Maritime)
141
1-246-4354659 (eAPIS)
2. Facsimile: 1-246-2284040
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
4. Web site:
http://www.impacsjrcc.org
The Electronic Advance Passenger Information Service (eAPIS) is a web-based application that provides a means of uploading and transmitting passenger and crew information.
Further details and downloadable forms can be obtained from
CARICOM Advance Passenger Information System web site.
Failure to provide these reports may result in heavy fines and/
or prosecution.
Arriving vessels should submit an API, as follows:
1. Vessels arriving from a port outside of the CARICOM
areaNo later than 24 hours prior to arrival.
2. Vessels arriving from a port within the CARICOM areaNo later than 1 hour prior to arrival.
Departing vessels should submit an API, as follows:
1. Vessels departing for a port outside of the CARICOM
areaNo later than 15 minutes after departure.
2. Vessels departing for a port within the CARICOM areaNo later than 1 hour prior to arrival at that port.
CARICOM Advance Passenger Information System
Home Page
http://www.caricomeapis.org
Time Zone
The Time Zone description is QUEBEC (+4). Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at 100 Young and Duke
Streets, Kingston, Georgetown.
The mailing addresses are, as follows:
1. Guyana address
P.O. Box 10507
Kingston, Georgetown
2. U.S. address
3170 Georgetown Place
Washington DC (20521-3170)
U. S. Embassy Guyana Home Page
http://georgetown.usembassy.gov
Pub. 160
INDIA
General
143
Buoyage System
143
Cautions
144
Currency
145
Firing Areas
145
Fishing Areas
151
Government
151
Holidays
152
Industries
152
Languages
152
Meteorology
152
Mined Areas
152
Navigational Information
152
Offshore Drilling
152
Offshore Islands
153
Pollution
153
Regulations
153
Search and Rescue
154
Ship Reporting System
155
Signals
155
Submarine Operating Areas
159
Time Zone
162
Traffic Separation Schemes
163
U.S. Embassy
163
Vessel Traffic Service
163
Appendix IContact Information for Indian MRCCs and
MRSCs
165
Appendix IIINSPIRES
167
Appendix IIIINDSAR
Appendix IVISLEREP
143
171
177
General
India is located in the S part of Asia. It is bounded on the W
by Pakistan and the Arabian Sea; on the E by Bangladesh, Burma, and the Bay of Bengal; on the N by the disputed territory
of Jammu and Kashmir; and on the NE by China, Nepal, Tibet,
and Bhutan. The far E part is almost separated from the rest of
the country by Bangladesh.
The terrain varies and includes the mountainous region of
the Himalayas in the N, the coastal lowlands, the almost flat
plain of the Ganges River in the NE, and a desert in the W.
The climate varies from tropical monsoon in the S part to
temperate in the N.
Buoyage System
The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. Caution
is necessary, however, as the implementation is progressing in
phases, the existing uniform system may still be in place. See
Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information.
Lighted aids to navigation may be extinguished in parts of
India, particularly on the N part of the Malabar Coast.
Buoys may be removed and lights extinguished during the
monsoon season (mid-May to mid-September).
Pub. 160
India
144
Cautions
Locust Reports
See Indian OceanCautions for further information.
Routes
The Indian authorities have established recommended routes
for vessels bound for the port of Bombay in order to aid traffic
transiting the approach areas. The local authorities request that
vessels remain 1 to 2 miles to starboard of the recommended
route tracklines, which may be seen on the chart, consistent
with safe navigation and the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (72 COLREGS).
Seismic Surveys
Seismic surveys, in connection with offshore oil and mineral
exploration, are conducted in and around Indian waters. Details
of these surveys are generally provided to mariners by local radio navigational warning or by Indian Notices to Mariners. It is
seldom practicable to publish details of the areas of operation
except in general terms; therefore, vessels carrying out seismic
surveys may be encountered without prior notice. Seismic survey vessels operate either alone or in company and may tow a
sensing device in the form of buoyant cable streamed 1 to 2
miles astern. This sensing device may be on the surface or lie at
depths of up to 12m below. An orange buoy, which displays a
quick flashing light and carries a radar reflector, is usually attached to the end of the cable.
In the process of the survey, repeated shock waves are created, at any level between the bottom and the surface, by the use
of explosive charges, compressed air, mechanical vibrators, or
electrical means. Vessels surveying will usually make way
through the water, but sometimes they stop for extended periods.
Seismic survey vessels that are unable to maneuver are required to carry the lights and signals as described in the 72
COLREGS and should be given a wide berth.
If charges are being fired by radio or electrically triggered
detonators, survey vessels may suspend radio and radar transmissions in order to avoid accidental firings. The charges may
be contained in a variety of cylinders, tubes, or bags which
may be marked as Dangerous. No attempt to recover such
items should be made and if any are inadvertently taken aboard
in trawls, etc., should be jettisoned immediately.
Piracy
Attacks on all classes of vessels occur in the waters of India
and have been reported at or off many of the ports; they are
most prevalent at Cochin. They also occur at a considerable
distance offshore.
Vessels transiting off the coast of India should note that over
300,000 fishing vessels operate off the coast of India. Fishing
off the coasts of the states of Kerala and Karnata is particularly
intense up to 50 miles offshore, especially during the Southwest Monsoon. Many of the fishing vessels are equipped with
outboard motors, with crews of four to five, and use longlines
and purse seine gear. When merchant vessels appear to be
nearing nets or fishing gear, these fishing vessels may sail towards merchant vessels in an attempt to attract attention so as
to avoid damage to their nets and gear. Consequently, merchant
vessels may mistake these fishing boats to be pirate skiffs. Vessels should navigate with extreme caution within 50 miles of
the coast of India so as not to mistake these fishing vessels for
pirate skiffs.
Vessels should report any suspicious activities of skiffs/boats
to MRCC Mumbai, as follows:
1. Telephone:
91-22-243-88065
91-22-243-16558
2. E-mail:
[email protected]
[email protected]
Merchant vessels with armed guards on board are required to
report their presence to the Indian Navy/Coast Guard when
transiting the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone.
Offshore Data Buoys
The Government of India has established a series of data collection and tsunami buoys off the coasts of India in the Arabian
Sea and the Bay of Bengal, as follows:
1. Data buoysused to collect meteorological and
oceanographic date.
2. Tsunami buoysused to collect deep-sea water level
data.
India Offshore Data Buoys
Arabian Sea
Buoy ID
Bay of Bengal
Position
Buoy ID
Position
Data Buoys
AD02 MB
1451'52.8''N, 6854'52.2''E
BD08 OB
1809'57.0''N, 8939'06.6''E
AD04 MB
829'58.2''N, 7305'13.8''E
BD09 OB
1753'52.8''N, 8940'30.0''E
AD06 OB
1830'52.8''N, 6728'16.8''E
BD10 OB
1630'00.6''N, 8758'04.8''E
AD07 OB
1457'58.2''N, 6859'22.2''E
BD11 OB
1329'06.6''N, 8400'03.6''E
AD08 OB
1146'10.0''N, 6835'48.0''E
BD12 OB
1029'54.6''N, 9401'49.8''E
AD09 OB
815'12.0''N, 7321'00.0''E
BD13 OB
1400'33.6''N, 8658'52.8''E
AD10 OB
1019'04.2''N, 7235'18.6''E
BD14 OB
635'00.6''N, 8814'55.8''E
CB02 CB
1052'25.8''N, 7212'31.8''E
CB01 CB
1135'19.8''N, 9235'45.0''E
CB04 CB
1524'13.8''N, 7346'07.8''E
CB06 OB
1306'21.0''N, 8019'03.6''E
Pub. 160
India
145
India Offshore Data Buoys
Arabian Sea
Buoy ID
CALVAL MB
Bay of Bengal
Position
Buoy ID
Position
1036'18.0''N, 7213'46.8''E
Tsunami Buoys
TB12 TB
2020'19.8''N, 6732'49.8''E
TB03 TB
619'09.6''N, 8836'00.0''E
STB02 TB
2048'00.0''N, 6525'00.0''E
TB05 TB
1059'40.8''N, 8936'22.2''E
TB06 TB
1443'34.2''N, 8935'49.2''E
TB09 TB
1718'19.2''N, 8946'46.2''E
STB01 TB
615'00.0''N, 8848'00.0''E
STB03 TB
348'36.0''N, 9142'00.0''E
STB04 TB
1000'00.0''N, 8830'00.0''E
STB05 TB
1330'00.0''N, 8900'00.0''E
All buoys are yellow, with a 3.5m high mast and a radar reflector. Mariners are advised to maintain a clearance of 1 mile
off these buoys.
Currency
The official unit of currency is the rupee, consisting of 100
paise.
Firing Areas
Firing, bombing, and other defense practice exercises take
place within a number of areas lying off the coast of India. The
responsibility to avoid accidents rests entirely with the Range
Authorities. Therefore, the limits of these areas may not, in all
cases, be shown on the charts and their descriptions may not
appear in the Sailing Directions (Enroute).
When air-to-air, air-to-sea, or ground firing are carried out
by aircraft, a large white or red sleeve, a winged target, or a
flag is towed by another aircraft moving on a steady course.
Generally, warning signals are shown when the targets are stationary, but not when towed targets are used.
All marine craft operating as range-safety craft, target towers, or control launches for remote-controlled targets will display for identification purposes, while within or in the vicinity
of the danger area, a large red flag at the masthead.
Remote-controlled craft are about 21m in length and carry
Not Under Command shapes and lights, as well as normal
navigation lights. Exercises consisting of surface firing by
ships, practice bombing, air to sea firing, and rocket firing may
be carried out against these craft or targets towed by them. In
such cases, a control craft will keep a visual and a radar watch
extending up to about 8 miles and there will be cover from the
air over a much greater range to ensure that shipping is not endangered.
Rocket and guided weapons firing exercises are conducted
under Clear (Air and Sea) Range procedures. Devices are generally incorporated whereby the missiles may be destroyed
should their flights be erratic.
Warning signals, when given, usually consist of red flags by
day and red fixed or red flashing lights at night. However, the
absence of any such signal cannot be accepted as evidence that
a practice area does not exist. Warning signals are shown from
shortly before practice commences until it ceases.
Ships and aircraft carrying out night exercises may illuminate with bright red or orange flares.
Vessels may be aware of the existence of practice areas by
monitoring the NAVAREA VIII warning messages, the coastal
warning messages, local Notice to Mariners, and by observing
warning signals.
The Range Authorities are responsible for ensuring that there
is no risk of damage from falling shell splinters, bullets, etc., to
any vessel which may be in the practice area.
Rocket Launching Areas
1. Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station.
Experimental high altitude meteorological/scientific rocket
firing will take place periodically from a launching site at
Thumba (832'34''N., 7651'32''E.), on the W coast of India.
The danger areas are, as follows:
a. Area I.Within a sector contained in a 5-mile radius
from the launching site, between bearings 010 and 120
from seaward.
b. Area II.Within a sector contained in arcs of 10 and
125 miles radii from the launching site, between bearings
010 and 120 from seaward.
Mariners are advised to keep clear of the above danger areas when firing is due to take place. NAVAREA VIII and
coastal radio warnings will be issued sufficiently in advance
in accordance with Indian Special Notice No. 12.
Visual warning signals are displayed at the launch site, as
follows:
a. White signal flares fired 45 minutes before launch.
b. Red signal flares fired 40 minutes before launch.
c. Green signal flares fired 5 minutes after launch (all
clear signal.
2. Balasore Rocket Launching Station.Experimental
high altitude meteorological/scientific rocket firing will take
place periodically from a launching site at Balasore
(2125'30''N., 8700'10''E.), on the E coast of India.
Danger areas will be disseminated prior to any launch.
Mariners are advised to keep clear of the danger areas
Pub. 160
146
India
when firing is due to take place. NAVAREA VIII and coastal
radio warnings will be issued sufficiently in advance in accordance with Indian Special Notice No. 12.
3. Satish Dhawan Satellite/Sounding Rocket Launching Stations.Experimental high altitude satellite/sounding
rocket launching will take place periodically from Sriharikota launching sites on the E coast of India, as follows:
a. Sounding Rocket Launching Station (1341'N.,
8014'E.) with danger areas, as follows:
(i) RH200/RH300:
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 5
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2A sector, with a radius of 15
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 070 clockwise to azimuth angle 110.
Danger Zone 3A sector, with a radius of 40
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 080 clockwise to a radius of 70 miles on azimuth
angle 120.
(ii) RH (stretched version) (1341'N., 8014'E.):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 5
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2A sector, with a radius of 40
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 070 clockwise to a radius of 60 miles on azimuth
angle 110.
Danger Zone 3A sector, with a radius of 40
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 080 clockwise to a radius of 70 miles on azimuth
angle 120.
(iii) RH560 (Variant 1) (1341'43.8''N., 8014'
04.8''E.):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 5
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2A sector, with a radius of 25
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 090 clockwise to azimuth angle 130.
Danger Zone 3A sector, with a radius of 180
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 090 clockwise to a radius of 300 miles on azimuth angle 130
(iv) RH560 (Variant 2) (1341'43.8''N., 8014'
04.8''E.):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 12
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 3A sector, with a radius of 50
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 080 clockwise to a radius of 250 miles on azimuth angle 120.
b. Satellite Launching Station (1342'N., 8014'E.) with
danger areas, as follows:
(i) PSVL (Variant 1):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 10
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2A sector, with a radius of 115
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 130 clockwise to a radius of 165 miles on azimuth angle 150.
Danger Zone 3Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
900'N, 8430'E.
Pub. 160
(b)
900'N, 8500'E.
(c)
730'N, 8500'E.
(d)
730'N, 8430'E.
Danger Zone 4Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
050'S, 8430'E.
(b)
050'S, 8500'E.
(c)
450'S, 8500'E.
(d)
450'S, 8430'E.
Danger Zone 5Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
2950'S, 7200'E.
(b)
2950'S, 7600'E.
(c)
3450'S, 7600'E.
(d)
3450'S, 7200'E.
(ii) PSVL (Variant 2):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 10
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2A sector, with a radius of 20
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 130 clockwise to a radius of 40 miles on azimuth
angle 150.
Danger Zone 3A sector, with a radius of 100
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 130 clockwise to a radius of 160 miles on azimuth angle 150.
Danger Zone 4A sector, with a radius of 180
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 130 clockwise to a radius of 200 miles on azimuth angle 150.
Danger Zone 5Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
900'N, 8500'E.
(b)
900'N, 8530'E.
(c)
730'N, 8530'E.
(d)
730'N, 8500'E.
Danger Zone 6Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
430'S, 8050'E.
(b)
430'S, 8250'E.
(c)
830'S, 8250'E.
(d)
830'S, 8050'E.
Danger Zone 7Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
4030'S, 7200'E.
(b)
4030'S, 7600'E.
(c)
4530'S, 7600'E.
(d)
4530'S, 7200'E.
(iii) PSVL (Varient 3):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 10
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1245'N, 8200'E.
(b)
1245'N, 8400'E.
(c)
1345'N, 8400'E.
(d)
1345'N, 8200'E.
Danger Zone 3Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1200'N, 8645'E.
(b)
1200'N, 8715'E.
India
(c)
1245'N, 8715'E.
(d)
1245'N, 8645'E.
Danger Zone 4Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1000'N, 9500'E.
(b)
1000'N, 9530'E.
(c)
1100'N, 9530'E.
(d)
1100'N, 9500'E.
Danger Zone 5Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1900'S, 13200'W.
(b)
2100'S, 13200'W.
(c)
1600'S, 12000'W.
(d)
1800'S, 12000'W.
(iv) PSVL (Varient 4):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 10
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2A sector, with a radius of 40
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 80 clockwise to a radius of 75 miles on azimuth
angle 125.
Danger Zone 3Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1245'N, 8245'E.
(b)
1315'N, 8245'E.
(c)
1315'N, 8400'E.
(d)
1245'N, 8200'E.
Danger Zone 4Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1225'N, 8410'E.
(b)
1300'N, 8410'E.
(c)
1300'N, 8540'E.
(d)
1225'N, 8540'E.
Danger Zone 5Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1125'N, 8810'E.
(b)
1200'N, 8810'E.
(c)
1200'N, 8910'E.
(d)
1125'N, 8910'E.
Danger Zone 6Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
850'N, 9430'E.
(b)
1050'N, 9430'E.
(c)
1050'N, 9530'E.
(d)
850'N, 9530'E.
Danger Zone 7Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1600'S, 13000'W.
(b)
1700'S, 13000'W.
(c)
800'S, 9000'W.
(d)
800'S, 9000'W.
(v) GSVL (Varient 1):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 5
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2A sector, with a radius of 15
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 045 clockwise to azimuth angle 160.
Danger Zone 3Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1115'N, 8500'E.
(b)
1115'N, 8645'E.
147
(c)
1230'N, 8645'E.
(d)
1230'N, 8500'E.
Danger Zone 4Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1015'N, 8830'E.
(b)
1015'N, 9030'E.
(c)
1130'N, 9030'E.
(d)
1130'N, 8830'E.
(vi) GSVL (Varient 2):
Danger Zone 1A circle, with a radius of 5
miles, centered on the launcher.
Danger Zone 2A sector, with a radius of 15
miles, centered on the launcher, between azimuth angle 045 clockwise to azimuth angle 160.
Danger Zone 3Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1130'N, 8500'E.
(b)
1130'N, 8645'E.
(c)
1230'N, 8645'E.
(d)
1230'N, 8500'E.
Danger Zone 4Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
1015'N, 8815'E.
(b)
1015'N, 9030'E.
(c)
1130'N, 9030'E.
(d)
1130'N, 8815'E.
Danger Zone 5Area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
(a)
800'N, 9445'E.
(b)
800'N, 9530'E.
(c)
900'N, 9530'E.
(d)
900'N, 9445'E.
Mariners are advised to keep clear of the above danger areas
when launching is due to take place. NAVAREA VIII and
NAVTEX warnings will be issued sufficiently in advance in accordance with Indian Special Notice No. 12. No visual warning
signals will be displayed. Vessels unavoidably in the danger areas should contact MRCC Chennai.
Firing Practice and Exercise Areas
1. Bedi (off Balachiri).An area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 2249'00.0''N, 7006'00.0''E.
b. 2245'49.8''N, 7013'10.2''E.
c. 2238'15.0''N, 7009'19.8''E.
d. 2241'10.2''N, 7001'49.8''E.
2. Nora Island.An area of 2 miles around Nora Island (2231'00''N., 6920'30''E.).
3. Mumbai (Bombay)
(i) Area AAn area bounded by lines joining the
following positions:
a. 1830'N, 7050'E.
b. 1830'N, 7110'E.
c. 1812'N, 7110'E.
d. 1812'N, 7050'E.
(ii) Area BAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1750'N, 7200'E.
b. 1750'N, 7220'E.
c. 1732'N, 7220'E.
d. 1732'N, 7200'E.
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(iii) Area RAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1932'N, 6722'E.
b. 1932'N, 6906'E.
c. 2107'N, 6906'E.
d. 2107'N, 6722'E.
(iv) Middle Ground Firing AreaAn area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1850'00.0''N, 7254'30.0''E.
b. 1854'18.0''N, 7254'00.0''E.
c. 1854'30.0''N, 7254'00.0''E.
d. 1855'06.0''N, 7254'30.0''E.
e. 1855'10.2''N, 7250'58.2''E.
f. 1854'39.0''N, 7250'34.8''E.
g. 1854'23.4''N, 7250'21.0''E.
h. 1850'00.0''N, 7254'18.0''E.
(v) Oyster Rock Firing AreaAn area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1848'00.0''N, 7252'00.0''E.
b. 1850'00.0''N, 7254'18.0''E.
c. 1850'00.0''N, 7254'30.0''E.
d. 1854'39.0''N, 7250'00.0''E.
e. 1854'23.4''N, 7250'34.8''E.
f. 1854'04.8''N, 7249'48.0''E.
g. 1854'03.0''N, 7249'28.8''E.
h. 1848'00.0''N, 7249'00.0''E.
(vi) Area 1An area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1848'00.0''N, 7238'00.0'E.
b. 1852'00.0''N, 7246'00.0''E.
c. 1851'00.0''N, 7247'00.0''E.
d. 1853'34.8''N, 7248'45.0''E. (Colaba Point)
e. 1900'00.0''N, 7244'04.8''E.
f. 1900'00.0''N, 7238'00.0''E.
Position a and position f are to be joined by an arc
with position d as the center.
(vii) Firing from Colaba PointAn area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1848'00.0''N, 7238'00.0''E.
b. 1853'21.0''N, 7248'27.0''E.
c. 1900'00.0''N, 7244'03.0''E.
d. 1900'00.0''N, 7238'00.0''E.
(viii) Area 2An area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1851'49.8''N, 7238'19.8''E.
b. 1901'19.8''N, 7249'00.0''E.
c. 1905'00.0''N, 7247'00.0''E.
d. 1904'00.0''N, 7235'00.0''E.
4.
Goa
(i) Area AAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1512'30''N, 7320'30''E.
b. 1454'00''N, 7328'30''E.
c. 1516'30''N, 7329'30''E.
d. 1458'00''N, 7338'00''E.
(ii) Area BAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1508'00''N, 7310'30''E.
b. 1450'00''N, 7319'00''E.
c. 1512'30''N, 7320'30''E.
Pub. 160
d. 1454'00''N, 7328'30''E.
(iii) Air-to-air range (VAD 17) bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1509'N, 7311'E.
b. 1515'N, 7329'E.
c. 1437'N, 7345'E.
d. 1430'N, 7329'E.
(iv) Air-to-air range (VAD 17) bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1513'N, 7357'E.
b. 1513'N, 7352'E.
c. 1511'N, 7352'E.
d. 1511'N, 7357'E.
5. Netrani Island (off Karwar)Firing area bounded
by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1356'12.0''N, 7413'36.0''E.
b. 1407'12.0''N, 7325'04.2''E.
c. 1407'12.0''N, 7413'36.0''E.
d. 1355'12.0''N, 7425'04.2''E.
6.
Off Kochi (Cochin)
(i) Area DAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 901'N, 7539'E.
b. 912'N, 7508'E.
c. 930'N, 7517'E.
d. 912'N, 7544'E.
(ii) Area EAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 956'N, 7516'E.
b. 939'N, 7528'E.
c. 929'N, 7511'E.
d. 946'N, 7500'E.
(iii) Area HAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 928'N, 7409'E.
b. 928'N, 7439'E.
c. 994'N, 7339'E.
d. 904'N, 7309'E.
(iv) Area JAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 952'N, 7415'E.
b. 931'N, 7415'E.
c. 931'N, 7356'E.
d. 915'N, 7356'E.
(v) Area UAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 838'N, 7424'E.
b. 856'N, 7414'E.
c. 856'N, 7434'E.
d. 838'N, 7445'E.
(vi) Area BAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 815'N, 7438'E.
b. 830'N, 7438'E.
c. 830'N, 7500'E.
d. 815'N, 7500'E.
(vii) Firing SectorAn area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 957'19.8''N, 7614'10.2''E.
India
b. 1003'49.8''N, 7603'10.2''E.
c. 944'49.8''N, 7615'09.0''E.
(viii)Firing AreaAn area bounded by lines joining the
following positions:
a. 957.5'N, 7659.5'E.
b. 957.7'N, 7614.2'E.
c. 944.0'N, 7617.5'E.
d. 942.5'N, 7609.5'E.
7. TrivandrumArea PAn area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 816'N, 7542'E.
b. 816'N, 7632'E.
c. 841'N, 7632'E.
d. 841'N, 7542'E.
Chennai (Madras)
(i) Chennai Firing Area.An area bounded by an arc
extending 16 miles from Chennai Light on a bearing between 037 and 184.
(ii) Area VAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1610'N, 8418'E.
b. 1610'N, 8459'E.
c. 1530'N, 8459'E.
d. 1530'N, 8418'E.
149
point a, joining point b and point c.
11. KalaikundaFiring area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1858'53.4''N, 8700'55.2''E.
b. 1858'53.4''N, 9006'46.8''E.
c. 1838'59.4''N, 9006'46.8''E.
d. 1838'59.4''N, 8700'55.2''E.
12. BalasoreAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 2127'30''N, 8702'00''E.
b. 2109'00''N, 8721'51''E.
c. 2100'18''N, 8703'00''E.
d. 2158'30''N, 8753'30''E.
e. 2010'54''N, 8604'24''E.
8.
9.
Visakhapatnam
(i) Area AAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1744'00.0''N, 8405'00.0''E.
b. 1744'00.0''N, 8348'00.0''E.
c. 1748'07.8''N, 8342'00.0''E.
d. 1758'00.0''N, 8352'00.0''E.
e. 1758'00.0''N, 8419'00.0''E.
(ii) Area BAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1630'N, 8300'E.
b. 1530'N, 8300'E.
c. 1530'N, 8400'E.
d. 1630'N, 8400'E.
(iii) Firing Area DAn area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1656'54.0''N, 8400'12.0''E.
b. 1656'54.0''N, 8429'37.8''E.
c. 1630'24.6''N, 8429'37.8''E.
d. 1630'24.6''N, 8400'12.0''E.
(iv) Area EAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1742'03.0''N, 8318'24.0''E.
b. 1741'30.0''N, 8318'07.2''E.
c. 1730'24.0''N, 8318'07.2''E.
d. 1734'04.2''N, 8330'18.0''E.
e. 1746'04.2''N, 8332'04.2''E.
10. GopalpurAn area bounded by lines joining the
following positions:
a. 1914'36.0''N, 8453'42.0''E.
b. 1907'23.4''N, 8535'56.4''E.
c. 1833'36.6''N, 8453'44.4''E.
d. An arc with a radius of 75 kilometers, centered on
13. Kolkata (Calcutta)Firing area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 2211'30''N, 8811'00''E.
b. 2211'24''N, 8808'00''E.
c. 2206'00''N, 8809'30''E.
d. 2201'00''N, 8803'18''E.
e. 2207'00''N, 8810'30''E.
f. 2205'00''N, 8815'00''E.
14. Port CornwallisAn area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1255'N, 9405'E.
b. 1255'N, 9445'E.
c. 1230'N, 9445'E.
d. 1230'N, 9405'E.
15. Port Blair
(i) Area AAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1139'N, 9249'E.
b. 1139'N, 9303'E.
c. 1124'N, 9303'E.
d. 1124'N, 9249'E.
(ii) Firing Area BAn area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1155'N, 9403'E.
b. 1155'N, 9430'E.
c. 1225'N, 9430'E.
d. 1235'N, 9403'E.
(iii) Firing Area DAn area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1124'N, 9245'E.
b. 1124'N, 9305'E.
c. 1100'N, 9305'E.
d. 1100'N, 9245'E.
(iv) Firing Area EAn area bounded by lines joining
the following positions:
a. 1139.7'N, 9246.3'E.
b. 1140.6'N, 9247.0'E.
c. 1137.8'N, 9257.1'E.
d. 1130.4'N, 9248.9'E.
16. Passage IslandFiring area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
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150
a.
b.
c.
d.
1105'N, 9235'E.
1117'N, 9235'E.
1117'N, 9247'E.
1105'N, 9247'E.
Naval Exercise Areas
1. Off Dwarka.Area DAn area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 2212.0'N, 6836.2'E.
b. 2115.0'N, 6904.0'E.
c. 2109.0'N, 6940.0'E.
d. 2115.0'N, 6941.0'E.
e. 2212.0'N, 6842.0'E.
2. Off Navi Bandar.Area PAn area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 2100'N, 6800'E.
b. 2100'N, 6912'E.
c. 2020'N, 6940'E.
d. 2000'N, 6940'E.
e. 2000'N, 6840'E.
3. Off Diu.
(i) Area QAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 2052'40.8''N, 7003'04.8''E.
b. 2031'45.6''N, 7058'41.4''E.
c. 2018'54.6''N, 7059'25.2''E.
d. 2019'05.4''N, 7051'42.6''E.
e. 2001'06.6''N, 7102'32.4''E.
f. 2024'55.8''N, 7004'06.0''E.
(ii) Area TAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1914'N, 6945'E.
b. 1947'N, 6835'E.
c. 2036'N, 6902'E.
d. 2002'N, 7009'E.
4. Off Mumbai.
(i) Area FAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1802.0'N, 6840.0'E.
b. 1843.0'N, 6840.0'E.
c. 1843.0'N, 6858.0'E.
d. 1802.5'N, 6928.0'E.
(ii) Area GAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1802'N, 6840'E.
b. 1843'N, 6840'E.
c. 1843'N, 6743'E.
(iii) Area AA1An area bounded by lines joining the
following positions:
a. 1859'N, 7251'E.
b. 1859'N, 7256'E.
c. 1856'N, 7256'E.
d. 1856'N, 7302'E.
e. 1847'N, 7302'E.
f. 1847'N, 7255'E.
g. 1834'N, 7255'E.
h. 1834'N, 7242'E.
i. 1855'N, 7242'E.
j. 1855'N, 7249'E.
5. Off Ratnagiri.
(i) Area MAn area bounded by lines joining the folPub. 160
lowing positions:
a. 1600'N, 7145'E.
b. 1600'N, 7215'E.
c. 1540'N, 7215'E.
d. 1540'N, 7145'E.
(ii) Area JAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1700'N, 7000'E.
b. 1700'N, 7025'E.
c. 1628'N, 7028'E.
d. 1628'N, 7004'E.
(iii) Area CAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1750'N, 7130'E.
b. 1750'N, 7152'E.
c. 1732'N, 7152'E.
d. 1732'N, 7130'E.
(iv) Area VAD31An area bounded by lines joining the
following positions:
a. 1750'N, 7228'E.
b. 1750'N, 7245'E.
c. 1713'N, 7242'E.
d. 1735'N, 7228'E.
6. Off Devgarh.Area RAn area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1630'N, 7030'E.
b. 1630'N, 7100'E.
c. 1600'N, 7100'E.
d. 1600'N, 7030'E.
7. Off Mormugao.
(i) Area DAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1524'N, 7234'E.
b. 1506'N, 7240'E.
c. 1500'N, 7228'E.
d. 1518'N, 7222'E.
(ii) Area HAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1533'N, 7211'E.
b. 1530'N, 7228'E.
c. 1510'N, 7220'E.
d. 1513'N, 7202'E.
8. Off Kochi.
(i) Area AAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1000'N, 7523'E.
b. 847'N, 7605'E.
c. 847'N, 7522'E.
d. 1000'N, 7437'E.
(ii) Area QAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 815'N, 7518'E.
b. 815'N, 7432'E.
c. 859'N, 7406'E.
d. 859'N, 7454'E.
(iii) Area YAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1000'N, 7351'E.
b. 1000'N, 7440'E.
c. 900'N, 7440'E.
d. 900'N, 7351'E.
India
9. Off Visakhapatnam.
(i) Area RAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1745.0'N, 8338.5'E.
b. 1741.0'N, 8344.5'E.
c. 1732.5'N, 8338.0'E.
d. 1737.0'N, 8332.5'E.
(ii) Area YAn area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1745.0'N, 8357.0'E.
b. 1753.0'N, 8404.3'E.
c. 1747.0'N, 8410.2'E.
d. 1739.0'N, 8402.5'E.
e. 1746.0'N, 8403.5'E.
10. Off Quilon.Area Z5An area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 905'00.0''N, 7550'00.0''E.
b. 850'00.0''N, 7559'00.0''E.
c. 839'00.0''N, 7531'49.8''E.
d. 858'00.0''N, 7531'00.0''E.
Missile Firing Areas
1. Off Angria Bank.Area LAn area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1740.0'N, 7114.0'E.
b. 1730.0'N, 7107.0'E.
c. 1718.0'N, 7116.0'E.
d. 1543.0'N, 7128.0'E.
e. 1522.0'N, 7205.0'E.
f. 1632.0'N, 7235.0'E.
g. 1653.0'N, 7200.0'E.
h. 1725.0'N, 7130.0'E.
2. Off Sesostris Bank.Area SAn area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1638.0'N, 7003.0'E.
b. 1638.0'N, 7110.0'E.
c. 1600.0'N, 7110.0'E.
d. 1332.5'N, 7322.0'E.
e. 1244.0'N, 7322.0'E.
f. 1244.0'N, 6852.0'E.
g. 1400.0'N, 6910.0'E.
h. 1515.0'N, 7012.0'E.
3. Off Visakhapatnam.Area MAn area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1858'53.4''N, 8700'55.2''E.
b. 1858'53.4''N, 9006'46.8''E.
c. 1538'59.4''N, 9006'46.8''E.
d. 1536'59.4''N, 8700'55.2''E.
4. Off Tillanchang.Area TAn area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 808.0'N, 9306.0'E.
b. 808.0'N, 9408.0'E.
c. 1112.0'N, 9408.0'E.
d. 1112.0'N, 9306.0'E.
5. Off Port Blair.Area CAn area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1100.0'N, 9250.0'E.
b. 1030.0'N, 9250.0'E.
c. 1030.0'N, 9340.0'E.
d. 1000.0'N, 9340.0'E.
151
Fishing Areas
Heavy concentrations of large and small fishing vessels will
be encountered, especially from September to May, off the
ports and harbors of India up to 50 miles offshore. The fishing
grounds may be marked by barrel buoys and logs.
Heavy concentrations of fishing vessels may be encountered
in the Gulf of Khambhat (2121'N., 7222'E.) and the Gulf of
Kachchh (2245'N., 6945'E.)
Small fishing vessels with buoyed nets are likely to be encountered up to 25 miles offshore in the approaches to Mumbai
(Bombay).
Lines of fishing stakes, surmounted by baskets and projecting as much as 6m out of the water, lie in depths of less than
25m in the N and S approaches to Mumbai (Bombay) as well
as between Bona Point (1724.3'N., 7310.'E) and Kanhoji Angre Island, 80 miles NNW. Caution is necessary as these stakes
may be broken off and not readily visible.
Mariners should keep a good lookout, especially at night and
around sunrise and sunset, when navigating in coastal waters.
Fishing stakes and enclosures are generally found on off-lying banks and off the coast in depths of up to 25m. Their positions are subject to considerable change.
Fishing stakes are normally removed during the Southwest
Monsoon.
Government
Flag of India
India is a federal republic with a parliamentary government.
The country is divided into 29 states and seven union territories.
The head of the Union is the President, who is elected by an
electoral college for a 5-year term, in whom all executive power is vested. The electoral college consists of all the elected
members of the Parliament and the State Assemblies.
The Council of Ministers aids and advises the President. The
Prime Minister is elected by the members of the majority party.
The bicameral Parliament consists of the Council of States
(the upper house) and the Peoples Assembly (the lower
house). The Council of States consists of not more that 245
members and is a combination of members selected by the
elected members of the state and territorial assemblies and up
to 12 members appointed by the President; all members serve
6-year terms. The Peoples Assembly consists of 543 directlyelected members and two appointed members, all serving 5year terms.
Pub. 160
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152
The legal system is based on English common law.
The capital is New Delhi.
Holidays
The following holidays are observed:
January 1
New Years Day
January 26
Republic Day
Good Friday
Variable
August 15
Independence Day
October 2
Mahatma Gandhis Birthday
December 25
Christmas Day (Natal)
Hindu holidays subject to the Hindu solar calendar include
Vishnu/Bahag, Mesadi, and Maghi.
Hindu holidays subject to the Hindu lunar calendar include
Holi, Sri Rami Navami, Mahavir Jayanthi, Buddha Purnima,
Krishna Janamashti (Janmastami), Dussehra (Vijaya Dashmi),
Diwali (Deepavali), and Hazrat Alis Birthday.
There are many smaller Hindu holidays that may be celebrated locally.
Islamic holidays, which are subject to the appearance of the
moon, include Eid Al-Fitr (End of Ramadan), Eid Al-Adha
(End of Pilgrimage), Hijrah (Islamic New Year), Ashoora, and
the Prophets Birthday.
Mined Areas
Mines may still exist in Preparis South Channel, S of Preparis Island (1453'N., 9738'E.), presenting a danger to subsurface activities, including submerged navigation, fishing, sea
bed exploration, and anchoring.
Navigational Information
Enroute Volume
Pub. 173, Sailing Directions (Enroute) India and the Bay of
Bengal.
Maritime Claims
The maritime territorial claims of India are, as follows:
Territorial Sea *
12 miles.
Contiguous Zone **
24 miles.
Fisheries or Economic
Zone
200 miles.
Continental Shelf
200 miles or the Continental Margin.
* Requires advance permission or notification for innocent passage of warships in the territorial sea. Claims the
Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay as historic waters.
** Also considered a Security Zone.
Industries
The main industries are agriculture, textiles, chemicals, food
processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining,
petroleum, machinery, software, and pharmaceuticals.
The main exports are petroleum products, precious stones,
machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, vehicles, pharmaceutical
products, cereals, and apparel. The main export-trading partners are the United States and the United Arab Emirates.
The main imports are crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizers,
plastics, iron and steel, and chemicals. The main import-trading partners are China, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Switzerland, and the United States.
Languages
Hindi is the official language. English is also very widely
used, especially in business, communications, and government.
In addition, there are 14 other official languages; numerous dialects are also spoken.
Meteorology
Internet Weather Services
The latest GMDSS messages giving weather forecasts for
the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal are available in English
from the Indian Meteorological Department (http://
www.imd.gov.in).
Pub. 160
Maritime Boundary Disputes
A dispute with Bangladesh over New Moore Island (South
Talpatty Island) (Purbasha Island) (2137'N., 8909'E.), in the
Bay of Bengal, has prevented the establishment of a maritime
boundary. It has been reported (2010) that the island is now
submerged and no longer visible.
Bangladesh, Burma, and India have referred their maritime
boundary claims to the International Tribune on the Law of the
Sea.
A dispute with Pakistan over the terminus of the estuary of
Sir Creek (2338'N., 6802'E.), at the mouth of the Rann of
Kutch, has prevented the establishment of a maritime boundary. In 2004, this disputed area was resurveyed in preparations
for discussions concerning the maritime boundary.
Offshore Drilling
Oil Development Areas
Three Oil Development Areas (ODA) lie in the approaches
to the port of Mumbai (Bombay), as follows:
1. Bombay High ODA (1927N., 7120'E.)90 miles
WNW of the entrance to Mumbai (Bombay),
2. Panna and Bassain ODA (1915'N., 7200'E.)50
miles NW of the entrance to Mumbai (Bombay),
3. Neelam Heera and Ratna ODA (1834N.,
7218'E.),35 miles SW of the entrance to Mumbai (Bombay).
India
Several oil fields and exploration sites lie within this area. In
addition, numerous derricks, oil production platforms, wells,
single point moorings, and other obstructions hinder safe navigation in this area. Other unlit objects, pipelines, submerged
obstructions, and well heads, sometimes marked by buoys, exist in this area; these features are not all charted due to their
complexity and frequent change.
Tapti ODA (2038'N., 7159'E.) lies in the approaches to the
Gulf of Khambhat S of Western Banks.
Two additional Oil Development Areas are located off the E
coast of Indian, as follows:
1. Sun Hoec ODA (1130'N., 7956'E.)N of Karaikal.
2. Ravva ODA (1627'N., 8210'E.)S of Kakinada Bay.
Vessels not associated with oil field operations are strongly
advised by the Government of India not to approach within 2.5
miles of any production platforms or structures in any Oil Development Area.
Indian authorities advise all mariners to maintain a constant
listening watch on VHF when within 25 miles of the oil fields.
Oil exploration activities are also taking place in the Gulf of
Mannar, between the SE coast of India and the W coast of Sri
Lanka.
153
ing between 115 and 215 miles off the SW coast of India; several detached shoals and banks lie off the islands.
The islands are divided into two groups, N and S, separated
approximately by the parallel of 11N. The N group is known
as the Amindivi Islands. The S group is known as the Cannanore Islands.using ports in the Andaman and Nicobar regions of India)
Each of these islands lies on extensive coral shoals and no
parts of these formations are more than about 4m high. As
these islets and islands are low, with coconut trees only 18 to
24m high and not discernible for any great distance, they
should be avoided. There are, however, some wide and deep
channels between them.
The observed Standard Time is 5 hours 30 minutes fast of
UTC. Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
Pollution
The discharge of oil into the sea is prohibited within 50 miles
of the Indian coast or island groups.
Regulations
Offshore Islands
The Andaman Islands
The Andaman Islands, a group of about 204 islands and
rocks, lie between 1030'N and 1340'N, and between 9211'E
and 9307'E.
The Andaman Islands, together with the Nicobar Islands, are
administered as a Union Territory by the President of the Republic of India, acting through a Lieutenant Governor. The seat
of administration is situated at Port Blair. The islands are
densely wooded and contain valuable hardwood and softwood
trees which form the principal export. They are deeply indented and form several deep and spacious harbors.
The observed Standard Time is 5 hours 30 minutes fast of
UTC. Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
The Nicobar Islands
The Nicobar Islands, a group of about 19 islands, are a dependency of the Andaman Islands. They lie between 645'N
and 915'N, and between 9240'E and 9355'E.
The islands are mostly hilly and undulating. Rivers are found
only on the island of Great Nicobar. Severe earthquakes can be
expected in this vicinity as the islands lie on a fault line. Coconuts and tobacco are grown.
The observed Standard Time is 5 hours 30 minutes fast of
UTC. Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
The Laccadive Islands (Lakshadweep Islands)
The Laccadive Islands (1000'N., 7230'E.), meaning the
hundred thousand islands, consist of a group of coral atolls ly-
Pre-Arrival Notification of Security (PANS)
All vessels, owners, operators, managers, and agents are requested to submit a Pre-Arrival Notification of Security
(PANS) 96 hours prior to arrival at any Indian port. Full details
may be obtained from the relevant authorities in India.
If the voyage is shorter than 96 hours, the PANS should be
submitted within 2 hours of departure from the last port. This
also applies to vessels trading in coastal waters or between Indian ports.
Vessels should report to their port of arrival and to the following Indian authorities:
1. Ports on the W coast of IndiaCoast Guard Regional
Headquarters (West) at MRCC Mumbai.
2. Ports on the E coast of IndiaCoast Guard Regional
Headquarters (East) at MRCC Chennai.
3. Ports in the Andaman and Nicobar regions of India
Coast Guard Regional Headquarters (West) at MRCC Port
Blair.
Contact information for PANS is given in the table titled IndiaPANS Contact Information.
Dangerous and Hazardous Cargo
It is required that all vessels above 100 gt carrying dangerous
and hazardous cargo transiting through the Indian Exclusive
Economic Zone (EEZ) report the details of the cargo carried 48
hours before entering any Indian port or 24 hours prior to entering the Indian EEZ. Vessels sailing from neighboring countries are also required to report on their cargo 24 hours prior to
departure.
IndiaPANS Contact Information
MRCC Mumbai
MRCC Chennai
MRCC Port Blair
Telephone
91-22-243-88065
91-44-234-60405
91-3192-232681
Facsimile
91-22-243-16558
91-44-253-95018
91-3192-242948
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IndiaPANS Contact Information
MRCC Mumbai
MRCC Chennai
MRCC Port Blair
INMARSAT-C
583-441907210
583-441907510
[email protected]
[email protected]
583-441908010
870-762483765 (voice)
INMARSAT-M
870-762882349
870-641901410
870-762483766 (facsimile)
870-762483767 (data)
This information shall be included in line P of the Indian
Ship Position and Information Reporting System (INSPIRES)
reporting format (see Appendix II).
Indian Naval Vessels
All vessels must maintain a minimum distance of 300m from
any Indian naval vessel berthed in port or anchored in an anchorage. Vessels approaching less than 300m from Indian naval vessels may be identified as hostile and fired upon.
Vessel Age Restrictions
The following restrictions apply to foreign-flagged tankers
in Indian waters:
1. Crude oil carriersMust have segregated ballast tanks
and be less than 25 years old.
2. Product tankersMust have segregated ballast tanks
and be less than 25 years old.
3. Chemical tankersMust be less than 25 years old.
Chartered Vessel Age Restrictions During the Monsoon
Season
The following chartered vessels are prohibited from transiting Indian territorial waters during the monsoon season:
1. Gas carriers over 30 years old.
2. All other vessels over 25 years old.
The ban is in effect, as follows:
1. Bay of BengalFrom May 1 until November 30.
2. West coast and Arabian Seafrom June 1 until August 31.
Quarantine
Indian Port Health Authorities require a quarantine message
to be sent not more than 12 hours and not less than 4 hours prior to arrival.
Restricted Area
The union territories of the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands has been declared a Restricted Area by the Government of India. Foreign vessels and foreign nationals are prohibited from visiting the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands without prior permission from the Government of India.
All foreign vessels must contact Port Blair Port Radio at
0230 UTC when entering the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone
and provide the following information:
1. Vessel particulars.
2. Position.
3. Course.
4. Speed.
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5. Nationality of crew and passengers.
International Ship and Port Facility (ISPS) Code
The ISPS Code applies to ships of 500 gt and over on international voyages and port facilities directly interfacing with
these ships.
The following information must be submitted at least 24
hours prior to the vessels arrival:
1. Vessel name.
2. Name and designation of the Ship Security Officer.
3. Validation of the International Ship Security Certificate or the Interim Certificate and the issuing authority.
4. Security level at which the ship is currently operating.
5. Names of the last ten ports-of-call where interface
with a port or vessel took place.
6. The security level at which the ship operated at during
the ports-of-call listed in 5.
7. Any special or additional security measures taken at
the ports-of-call listed in 5.
8. Confirmation that appropriate security measures were
maintained during ship-to-ship activity at the ports-of-call
listed in 5.
9. Any other security-related information pertaining to
ensuring the safety and security of persons, port facilities,
ships, and other property?
10. Will the vessel require stores/spares/bunkers/provisions/fresh water during this port call?
11. Will there be a change of crew or passengers during
this port call?
12. Are there stowaways on board?
Search and Rescue
The Indian Coast Guard is responsible for coordinating
Search and Rescue Operations (SAR) in the Indian Search and
Rescue Region (ISRR). For the limits of the ISRR, see Ship
Reporting SystemINDSAR. The Indian Coast Guard can be
contacted by e-mail, as follows:
[email protected]
The ISRR is divided into three subregions. Each subregion
has an assigned Maritime Rescue Coordination Center
(MRCC). Each MRCC coordinates search and rescue missions
with other agencies via a network of Maritime Rescue Coordination Subcenters (MRSC). Contact information is given in the
table in Appendix I titled IndiaContact Information for
India
MRCCs and MRSCs.
Rescue craft are stationed at Aguada Bay.
Ship Reporting System
Indian Ship Position and Information Reporting System
(INSPIRES)
The Indian Ship Position and Information Reporting System
(INSPIRES) is mandatory for all Indian merchant vessels, including coastal and fishing vessels, of more than 300 gt. Other
vessels within the reporting area are encouraged to participate
in the system.
Further information on INSPIRES can be found in Appendix
II.
India Ship Reporting System for SAR (INDSAR)
The India Ship Reporting System for SAR (INDSAR) is a
voluntary system designed to contribute to the safety of life at
sea. Participation is mandatory for all Indian-registered vessels
and encouraged for foreign-flag vessels of 300 gross tons and
over operating or transiting in the Indian Search and Rescue
Region (ISRR).
Further information on INDSAR can be found in Appendix
III.
Island Ship Reporting System (ISLEREP)
The Island Ship Reporting System (ISLEREP) is an integral
subsystem of the India Ship Reporting System for SAR (INDSAR) and applies to all vessels passing within 20 miles of Lakshadweep (Laccadive Islands) and the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands.
A VHF communications network connects all the islands of
these archipelagos and is used for position reporting and final
reporting.The information will be used to provide additional
information for maritime safety, the protection of the environ-
155
ment, and maritime search and rescue.
Due to the location and distance of these island groups from
the mainland, participation in this communications network
will result in the reduction of response time.
The ISLEREP Center can be contacted 24 hours, as follows:
1. Call sign:
ISLEREP Center
2. VHF:
VHF channels 8 and 16
Further information on ISLEREP can be found in Appendix
IV.
Middle East Merchant Vessel Voluntary Reporting System
A voluntary reporting system covers the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean N of 1000'S, as well as the Arabian Sea. Merchant
vessels of any flag or ownership are invited to participate in
this system. For further information, see Red Sea and the Persian GulfShip Reporting System.
Signals
Harbor Signals
Should it become necessary to control the movement of
ships into and within ports in India, the signals described below
will be displayed from a conspicuous position in or near the
port approaches and/or from any Examination or Traffic Control Vessel operating in the approaches to the port, as follows:
1.
Entry to port prohibited:
Day signalThree red balls, vertically disposed.
Night signalThree flashing red lights, vertically
disposed.
2.
Entry to port permitted:
Night signalThree fixed green lights, vertically
disposed.
3.
Movement or anchorage within port prohibited:
Day signalBlue flag.
Night signalA fixed green light between two
fixed red lights, vertically disposed.
India Signal Stations
Port
Location
General
Brief
Extended
West Coast of India
Beypore
1110'N, 7548'E
Bhatkal
1358'N, 7432'E
Bhavnagar
2146'N, 7214'E
Calicut
1115'N, 7547'E
Coondapoor
1338'N, 7441'E
Dahanu
1959'N, 7243'E
Devgarh
1623'N, 7323'E
Dighi
1817'N, 7259'E
Diu
2043'N, 7101'E
Dwarka
2215'N, 6859'E
Harnai
1749'N, 7306'E
JSW Jaigarh Port
1718'N, 7312'E
Kandla
2302'N, 7013'E
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India Signal Stations
Port
Location
General
Brief
Karwar
1448'N, 7408'E
Kilakkarai
914'N, 7847'E
Kochi (Cochin)
958'N, 7614'E
Mangrol Bandar
2107'N, 7006'E
Moti Daman
2024'N, 7250'E
Muhava Bay
2102'N, 7147'E
Mumbai (Bombay)
1855'N, 7253'E
Navapur
1947'N, 7241'E
Navlakhi
2257'N, 7027'E
New Mangalore
1255'N, 7448'E
Okha
2228'N, 6905'E
Pipavav
2055'N, 7130'E
Ponnani River
1047'N, 7555'E
Port Bankot
1759'N, 7302'E
Port Redi
1545'N, 7339'E
Ratnagiri
1658'N, 7316'E
Revadanda
1833'N, 7254'E
Satpati (Dudh River)
1943'N, 7242'E
Sikka
2229'N, 6947'E
Tarapur
1953'N, 7239'E
Tuticorin
845'N, 7813'E
Utan
1917'N, 7247'E
Vasai
1920'N, 7249'E
Veraval
2054'N, 7022'E
Vijayadurg
1633'N, 7320'E
Extended
X
X
X
X
Lakshadweep Islands
Minicoy
816'N, 7302'E
East Coast of India
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Baj Baj (Budge Budge)
2228'N, 8811'E
Bhimunipatanam
1754'N, 8329'E
Chandbali
2047'N, 8646'E
Chennai
1306'N, 8018'E
Cuddalore
1143'N, 7946'E
Diamond Harbor
2211'N, 8811'E
Gopalpur
1915'N, 8455'E
Kakinada
1700'N, 8219'E
Kalingapatanam
1820'N, 8409'E
Kilakatai
914'N, 7847'E
Kolachal
810'N, 7715'E
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157
India Signal Stations
Port
Location
General
Brief
Kolkata (Calcutta)
2233'N, 8819'E
Krishnampatanam
1415'N, 8008'E
Machilipatanam
1609'N, 8109'E
Nagappatanam
1046'N, 7951'E
Nizampatanam
1542'N, 8033'E
Paradip
2016'N, 8641'E
Pondicherry
1156'N, 7950'E
Puri
1948'N, 8550'E
Rameswaran
917'N, 7918'E
Sagar Island
2144'N, 8807'E
Visakhapatnam
1306'N, 8018'E
Vodarevu (Chirala)
1548'N, 8024'E
Extended
X
X
X
X
X
X
Andaman Islands
Port Blair
1141'N, 9245'E
Storm Signals
The system of storm warnings may be briefly described as
consisting of the following:
1. A General System, consisting of 11 signals. Two of
these signals indicate the existence of distant disturbed
weather; eight indicate that local bad weather threatens the
port; and the remaining one indicates that communication
with the Meteorological Office concerned has broken down
and that, in the opinion of the local officer, there is danger of
bad weather.
2. A Brief System, consisting of only five of the above
signals. This system is used at ports frequented mainly by
smaller vessels engaged in local traffic. The signals used by
the Brief System are III, IV, VII, X, and XI.
3. An Extended System, which, in addition to the signals
of the General System, includes signals to indicate the position of the disturbance. This system is in use only at certain
ports in the Bay of Bengal and is further described at the end
of this section.
The Meteorological Offices of India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan
keep port offices informed of all necessary warnings and the
latest information with respect to disturbances in the seas off
the coasts of the Indian peninsula.
The Chennai (Madras) Meteorological Office is the warning
center for ports on the W shore of the Bay of Bengal S of, and
including, Kalingapatam. The Calcutta Meteorological Office
is the warning center for Indian ports N and E of Baruva. The
Rangoon Meteorological Office is the warning center for Burmese ports. These authorities keep the Port Officers informed
of all necessary warnings and the latest information with respect to disturbances in the seas off the shores of the Bay of
Bengal. Therefore, vessels may contact the Port Officers for
details to supplement the indications of the signals displayed.
Vessels will also receive detailed information in the broadcast
weather bulletins issued by the Meteorological Offices through
the coast radio stations. Vessels are advised to obtain a copy of
the Meteorological Manual listing the day signals used in the
three warning systems at the first port of call or through their
agents.
Extended SystemExplanation
These special signals are shown in many ports in the Bay of
Bengal. These signals help locate areas of bad weather in the
Bay of Bengal with some degree of certainty, even though the
indicated bad weather may be located a considerable distance
from the coast. The Bay of Bengal is divided into six Sections,
along with a corresponding Section Signal, as shown in the accompanying graphic.
At ports not threatened, the Section signal for the affected
Section is displayed below the General System Signal I or the
General System Signal II and indicates the general position of
the bad weather in the Bay of Bengal. Some examples of the
Extended System are, as follows:
1. Bad weather located in Section 5A horizontallydisposed cylinder (General Signal I) displayed over a black
cone, point up (Extended System Section Signal 5).
2. Storm located in Section 2A vertically-disposed
cylinder (General Signal II) displayed over a vertically-disposed cylinder (Extended System Section Signal 2) would be
shown at all ports which are not directly affected by the
storm. If the port itself is threatened, only the signals of the
General System would be displayed.
If the storm center is near the boundary of two Sections, two
Extended System Section Signals will be given. The first Extended System Section Signal will indicate which Section the
storm center is in; the second Extended System Section Signal
will indicate the neighboring Section.
If the storm center is near the boundary of three Sections,
three Extended System Section Signals will be given. The first
Extended System Section Signal will indicate which Section
the storm center is in; the second Extended System Section
Signal will indicate the nearest adjoining Section; and the third
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Extended System Section Signal will indicate the remaining
Section.
Submarine Operating Areas
General
Submarines are likely to be met on the surface at night in the
approaches to Mumbai (Bombay), Visakhapatnam, Kochi (Cochin), Chennai (Madras), Goa, Karwar, Porbandar, Kakinda,
Port Blair, and Tuticorin. However, meeting surfaced submarines in the approaches to other ports cannot be ruled out.
Submarine Exercise Areas
Submarines, both surfaced and submerged, operate in an exercise area E of Gopalpur.
Areas in which submarines conduct exercises have been established off the following ports:
1. West coast:
Kochi (Cochin)25 miles W and 100 miles SW of
the harbor entrance.
Mormugao65 miles W, 45 miles W, and 30 miles
SW of Mormugao Head.
Ratnagiri146 miles W of the harbor. Two other
areas, centered about 100 miles WNW of the harbor, lie
between Angria Bank and Fifty Fathom Flat.
Porbandar75 miles W and 128 miles W of Diu
Head (2041'N., 7050'E.).
2. East coast:
VisakhapatnamVisakhapatnam18 miles ENE of
Waltair Point (1744'N., 8321'E.).
Chennai (Madras)20 miles ENE of Covelong
Point (1247'N., 8015'E.).
Port Blair (Andaman Islands)35 miles SSE of
Port Blair.
Submarine exercise areas are also located, as follows:
1. Off Mumbai (Area T)In an area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1828.0'N, 7136.0'E.
b. 1831.0'N, 7143.5'E.
c. 1834.5'N, 7143.5'E.
d. 1831.5'N, 7136.0'E.
2. Off Mumbai (Area K)In an area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1825.0'N, 7136.0'E.
b. 1834.0'N, 7136.0'E.
c. 1840.0'N, 7150.5'E.
d. 1831.0'N, 7150.5'E.
3. Off Ratnagiri (Area UU)In an area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1800.0'N, 7012.0'E.
b. 1800.0'N, 7050.0'E.
c. 1747.0'N, 7104.0'E.
d. 1740.0'N, 7050.0'E.
e. 1740.0'N, 7012.0'E.
4. Off Goa (Area RR)In an area bounded by lines joining the following positions:
a. 1558.0'N, 7222.0'E.
b. 1558.0'N, 7248.0'E.
c. 1500.0'N, 7252.0'E.
d. 1500.0'N, 7228.0'E.
5. Off Karwar (Area SS)In an area bounded by lines
159
joining the following positions:
a. 1436.0'N, 7315.0'E.
b. 1412.0'N, 7324.0'E.
c. 1404.0'N, 7300.0'E.
d. 1428.0'N, 7252.0'E.
6. Off Quilon (Area Z5)In an area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 905.0'N, 7550.0'E.
b. 850.0'N, 7539.0'E.
c. 839.0'N, 7531.5'E.
d. 901.0'N, 7531.0'E.
7. Off Kakinada (Area Z4)In an area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1703.0'N, 8301.5'E.
b. 1658.5'N, 8303.5'E.
c. 1649.0'N, 8244.0'E.
d. 1652.5'N, 8243.5'E.
8. Off Visakhapatnam (Area S)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1729.5'N, 8326.0'E.
b. 1721.0'N, 8331.5'E.
c. 1728.5'N, 8338.0'E.
d. 1737.0'N, 8332.0'E.
9. Off Visakhapatnam (Area L)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1724.0'N, 8351.0'E.
b. 1714.0'N, 8351.0'E.
c. 1720.5'N, 8400.0'E.
d. 1730.5'N, 8400.0'E.
10. Off Visakhapatnam (Area V)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1714.0'N, 8349.1'E.
b. 1702.0'N, 8348.7'E.
c. 1708.5'N, 8400.0'E.
d. 1720.5'N, 8400.0'E.
11. Off Visakhapatnam (Area W)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1704.0'N, 8318.0'E.
b. 1712.5'N, 8327.0'E.
c. 1706.0'N, 8334.0'E.
d. 1658.0'N, 8324.5'E.
12. Off Visakhapatnam (Area G1)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1709.5'N, 8324.0'E.
b. 1711.2'N, 8322.5'E.
c. 1721.0'N, 8332.2'E.
d. 1719.2'N, 8334.5'E.
13. Off Visakhapatnam (Area G2)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1701.5'N, 8307.5'E.
b. 1708.5'N, 8321.0'E.
c. 1711.0'N, 8319.5'E.
d. 1704.0'N, 8306.0'E.
14. Off Visakhapatnam (Area Z)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1740.0'N, 8400.0'E.
b. 1740.0'N, 8430.0'E.
c. 1710.5'N, 8430.0'E.
d. 1710.5'N, 8400.0'E.
15. Off Visakhapatnam (Area Z1)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
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Indian Extended System
a. 1738.8'N, 8346.5'E.
b. 1733.0'N, 8341.0'E.
c. 1734.0'N, 8337.0'E.
d. 1741.8'N, 8343.0'E.
16. Off Visakhapatnam (Area Z2)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1740.2'N, 8344.8'E.
b. 1732.6'N, 8338.0'E.
c. 1737.2'N, 8332.2'E.
d. 1745.0'N, 8339.0'E.
17. Off Visakhapatnam (Area Z3)In an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1726.6'N, 8337.5'E.
b. 1718.7'N, 8330.6'E.
c. 1720.3'N, 8327.8'E.
d. 1728.9'N, 8334.7'E.
18. Off Chennai (Area C)In an area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1310.0'N, 8115.0'E.
b. 1340.0'N, 8115.0'E.
c. 1340.0'N, 8145.0'E.
d. 1310.0'N, 8145.0'E.
19. Off Port Blair (Area S)In an area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1115.0'N, 9400.0'E.
b. 1145.0'N, 9400.0'E.
c. 1145.0'N, 9430.0'E.
d. 1115.0'N, 9430.0'E.
20. Off Port Blair (Area T)In an area bounded by lines
joining the following positions:
a. 1155.0'N, 9130.0'E.
b. 1225.0'N, 9130.0'E.
c. 1225.0'N, 9200.0'E.
d. 1155.0'N, 9200.0'E.
21. South of Little Anaman IslandIn an area bounded by
lines joining the following positions:
a. 1023.0'N, 9219.0'E.
b. 1023.0'N, 9320.0'E.
c. 924.0'N, 9320.0'E.
d. 924.0'N, 9219.0'E.
Warning Signals
Indian submarines may be encountered by day or at night
while operating in any of the waters off the Indian coast. Under
certain circumstances, warnings that submarines are exercising
in specified areas may be broadcast by local coastal radio stations.
Indian escort vessels fly the International Code Group
NE2 to denote that submarines, which may be submerged or
surfaced, are exercising in the vicinity. Vessels are cautioned to
give a wide berth to any vessel flying this signal.
It must not be inferred from the above that submarines exer-
Pub. 160
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cise only when in the company of escorting vessels.
A submarine submerged at a depth too great to show the
periscope may sometimes indicate its position by releasing a
smoke candle that gives off a considerable volume of smoke
on first reaching the surface. Submarines may sometimes also
indicate their positions by towing on the surface close astern a
red-and-white or red-and-yellow float.
In order to enable the accompanying vessel to identify the
position of a submerged Shishumar Class of submarine, an
identification light is provided in the aft section of the conning
tower. This light emits a white light upward through plexiglass
and has a luminous range of 7 miles when measured in the air
during clear visibility.
The following signals are used by submerged submarines
within designated Submarine Exercise Areas:
1. Red grenades fired in quick succession indicate that
vessels should clear the area immediately as the submarine is
carrying out emergency surfacing procedure. Vessels must
not stop their propellers and should standby to render assistance.
2. Two colored grenades fired 3 minutes apart (white,
yellow, or green) indicate that vessels should clear the immediate vicinity. The submarine has indicated its position and is
intending to carry out surfacing procedure. Vessels must not
stop their propellers.
Navigation Lights
The masthead and sidelights of Indian submarines are place
well forward and very low over the water in proportion to the
length and tonnage of these vessels. The steaming lights, bow
lights, and overtaking lights are closely spaced and as a result
give no indication of the submarines length, its course, or its
change of course. The stern lights are placed very low and may
at times be partially obscured by sea spray and wash. In summary, the overall arrangement of the submarines navigational
lights is unusual and may give the impression of a markedly
smaller and shorter vessel than they truly represent.
Some submarines are fitted with a very quick yellow anticollision light. These lights flash between 90 and 105 flashes
per minute and are fitted 1 to 2m above or below the masthead
light. These should not be confused with a similar light exhibited by hovercraft (120 flashes or more per minute).
Sunken Submarine
An Indian submarine that is bottomed and unable to surface
will try to indicate its position by the following methods:
1. Releasing an indicator buoy as soon as the accident occurs.
2. On the approach of surface vessels and at regular intervals by firing red and green grenades accompanied by red,
orange, white, or yellow smoke candles. (It should be noted
that submarines may not be able to fire their grenades. Correspondingly, a partially flooded submarine may have only a
certain number of grenades available and searching ships
should not therefore expect many to appear.)
3. Pumping out fuel or lubricating oil.
4. Blowing out air.
Since oil streaks or debris may be the only indication of the
presence or position of the sunken submarine, it is vitally important that surface vessels refrain from discharging anything
which might appear to have come from a submarine while in
Pub. 160
the probability area. Searching vessels and aircraft can waste
many valuable hours investigating these false contacts.
In any submarine accident, time is the most vital factor effecting the chances of rescue of survivors. As the sighting of a
buoy may be the first indication that an accident has, in fact,
occurred, it is vital that no time should be lost in taking action.
At any time after a submarine accident, survivors may start
attempting to escape. Conditions inside are likely to deteriorate
rapidly and postponement of escape will only be made in order
to allow rescue ships to reach the scene. Therefore, any ship
finding a moored submarine indicator buoy should not leave
the position but should standby, well clear, ready to pick up
survivors. Survivors will ascend nearly vertically and it is important that plenty of sea room is given to enable them to do so
in safety. On arrival at the surface, survivors may be exhausted
or ill, and if circumstances are favorable, the presence of a boat
already lowered is very desirable. Some survivors may require
a decompression chamber and it will, therefore, be the aim of
the Naval authorities to get such a chamber to the scene as soon
as possible.
Submarine Indicator Buoys
The Sindhughosh class of submarine carries one Emergency
Indicator Buoy. The diameter of the buoy is 115 cm. The buoy
is painted in four quadrants. The diagonally opposite quadrants
are painted yellow and orange. The identification number of
the submarine is painted on the buoy. This buoy has a white
light which flashes once every 3 seconds. A sound-powered
telephone is fitted on the top of the buoy for communication
with the submarine. Two-way radiotelephone communications
can be established with the submarine on 121.5 MHz when the
buoy is recovered. The buoy is also fitted with a radiobeacon
transmitting on 51.2MHz (the transmission may be continuous
or for 20 seconds with a pause of 60 seconds).
The Shishumar Class of submarine carries one Emergency
Indicator Buoy. The buoy is made of plastic foam covered with
a GRP skin; it is semi-spherical in shape, being 76 cm in diameter and 90 cm high. The buoy floats end up with a freeboard of
about 15 cm and is covered with alternating longitudinal strips
of red and white reflective tape. A three-digit identification
number is displayed on each side of a flashing ultraviolet light
centered on the top surface of the buoy; in darkness and good
weather the light is visible for 5 miles. Two-way telephone
conversation with the submarine is not possible. The buoy carries HF and UHF whip antennas (168 cm long and 100 cm
long, respectively). The following transmissions/signals are automatically activated when the indicator buoy is released:
1. An HF transmission, at a frequency of 8364kHz, consisting of the international distress call SOS together with
the submarines identification number.
2. A UHF Sarbe tone transmitted on 243MHz.
3. A Xenon light flashing approximately 32 times per
minute that is visible at a distance of 5 miles in good weather
conditions.
The finder of any Emergency Indicator Buoy should inform
the nearest Naval/Port/Police authorities and should not secure
to or attempt to lift the buoy.
Time Zone
The observed Standard Time is 5 hours 30 minutes fast of
UTC. Daylight Savings Time is not observed.
India
163
Traffic Separation Schemes
Vessel Traffic Service
A Traffic Separation Scheme has been established by the
Government of India in the approaches to Mumbai (Bombay).
This scheme is not IMO adopted.
Vessel Traffic Services are in operation, as follows:
1. Gulf of Kachchh (2240'N., 6925'E.).
2. Gulf of Khambhat (2120'N., 7220'E.). The system is
subdivided into VTS Khambhat West, VTS Khambhat East,
and VTS Khambhat North.
3. Mumbai (Bombay) (1855'N., 7251'E.) and Jawaharlal Nehru (1857'N., 7257'E.).
Vessel Traffic Management Systems (VTMS) are in operation, as follows:
1. Hugli River (2202'N., 8807'E.).
2. Mormugao (1525'N., 7348'E.).
See Pub. 173, Sailing Directions (Enroute) India and the Bay
of Bengal for further information.
U.S. Embassy
The U.S. Embassy is situated at Shantipath, Chanakyapuri,
New Delhi.
The mailing address is Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi 110021.
U. S. Embassy India Home Page
http://newdelhi.usembassy.gov
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Appendix IContact Information for Indian MRCCs and MRSCs
Contact Information for Indian MRCCs and MRSCs
Western Region
Telephone
Facsimile
MRCC Mumbai (Bombay)
91-22-24301455
91-22-24316558
91-22-24316558
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
MRSC Porbandar
91-2862-242450
91-2862-244056
91-2862-210559
[email protected]
[email protected]
MRSC Vadinar
91-2833-256579
91-2883-256560
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
MRSC Okha
91-2892-262261
91-2892-262259
91-2892-263421
MRSC Goa
91-832-2521718
91-832-2520584
91-832-2520734
[email protected]
[email protected]
MRSC New Mangalore
91-824-2405278
91-824-2405267
[email protected]
[email protected]
MRSC Kochi (Cochin)
91-484-2218969
91-484-2217164
Eastern Region (including the Bay of Bengal)
Telephone
Facsimile
MRCC Chennai (Madras)
91-44-25395018
91-44-24360405
MRSC Haldia
91-3224-267755
91-3224-264541
91-3224-263407
MRSC Paradip
91-6722-223359
91-6722-222279
91-6722-220174
MRSC Visakhapatnam
91-891-2547266
91-891-2567789
91-891-2741130
MRSC Tuticorin
91-461-2352046
91-461-2353503
MRSC Mandapam
91-4573-241634
91-4573-241142
Andaman and Nicobar Region
Telephone
Facsimile
MRCC Port Blair
91-3192-245530
91-3192-246081
91-3192-242948
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
MRSC Diglipur
91-3192-272315
91-3192-272345
[email protected]
[email protected]
MRSC Campbell Bay
91-3192-264015
91-3192-264235
91-3192-264212
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Appendix IIINSPIRES
Indian Ship Position and Information Reporting System (INSPIRES)
The Indian Ship Position and Information Reporting System
(INSPIRES) covers the sea area within the limits defined by
the following:
a. The India-Pakistan border at the coast.
b. 1200'N, 6300'E.
c. The African coast (Somalia) at 1200'N.
d. The African coast (Tanzania) at 1030'S.
e. 1030'S, 5500'E.
f. 3000'S, 5500'E.
g. 3000'S, 9500'E and N to the coast.
h. The Burma/Thailand border at the coast.
The Indian Ship Position and Information Reporting System
(INSPIRES) is mandatory for all Indian merchant vessels, including coastal and fishing vessels, of more than 300 gt. Other
vessels within the reporting area are encouraged to participate
in the system.
Additional reporting requirements for vessels greater than
100 gt carrying dangerous and hazardous cargo through the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone can be found in Regulations
Dangerous and Hazardous Cargo.
The purpose of the system is to provide data for SAR operations, vessel traffic management, weather forecasting, and the
prevention and containment of marine pollution.
Vessels participating in the system should send regular reports through Indian Navy Communications Center Visakhapatnam or Mumbai, as follows:
1. Telephone:
91-22-22662695
91-22-22751073
2. Facsimile:
91-22-22665435
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
All Indian vessels of between 100 gross tons and 299 gross
tons which are not fully complying with GMDSS requirements
shall send relevant reports through one of the Indian Coast
Guard stations located along the coast of India. As an alternative, the owners of such vessels shall, upon receipt of the relevant report, forward the report to Indian Navy
Communications Center Visakhapatnam or Mumbai, as appropriate.
All other vessels other than those above which are not fully
complying with GMDSS requirements are encouraged to send
relevant reports through one of the Indian Coast Guard stations
located along the coast of India. As an alternative, the owners
of such vessels shall, upon receipt of the relevant report, forward the report to Indian Navy Communications Center Visakhapatnam or Mumbai, as appropriate.
Reports may be made using any of the following methods:
1. MF R/T.
2. VHF channel 16.
3. Facsimile.
4. Telephone.
5. E-mail.
All vessels entering or transiting the INSPIRES area, regardless of flag, shall carry a copy of the latest edition of Indian
Notices to Mariners Special Edition as a reference document
and be guided by the detailed procedures specified in IMO
Resolution A.851(20).
There are four types of messages, each containing a selection
of the items listed in the INSPIRES Message Format in the accompanying table, as follows:
1. The Sailing Plan (SP) should be sent just prior to sailing or as soon as possible after leaving from a port within the
reporting area, or when the vessel enters the area.
Due to the large amount of information, it is recommended
to send the SP directly by telex, facsimile, or e-mail. It the
sailing time changes by more than 2 hours, then only the
time need be corrected when the pilot disembarks.
2. A Position Report (PR) should be sent every day according to the schedule given in the table titled INSPIRES
Position Report Schedule. Position Reports must be received
within 6 hours of the scheduled times.
3. A Deviation Report (DR) should be sent when the vessels position varies significantly from the position that
would have been predicted from previous reports, when
changing the reported route, or as decided by the master.
4. A Final Report (FR) should be sent on arrival at the
destination or when leaving the INSPIRES reporting area.
Brief reports on cyclones, deep depressions, defects and
damage to the participating vessel, and marine pollution may
be sent at the discretion of the master.
Message Format.The first line of every message should
always state the INSPIRES/message type (SP, PR, DR, FR, or
title in full for other reports). Subsequent lines should start
with the line identifier; the line identifier and other data items
on a line should be separated by / and lines should be terminated by //.
The line identifiers listed in the accompanying table titled
INSPIRESMessage Format should be used when preparing an INSPIRES message.
INSPIRESPosition Report Schedule
Longitude of
vessel
West of 80E
East of 80E
Latitude of
vessel
Time Schedule
(UTC)
0-10N
0400-0455
10N-20N
0500-0655
N of 20N
0700-0755
0-30S
0400-0455
0-10N
0300-0355
10N-20N
0500-0555
N of 20N
0600-0655
0-30S
0400-0455
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INSPIRESMessage Format
Identifi
er
Content
SP
PR
DR
FR
A/
Vessels name/Call sign//
B/
Time (UTC)//(date and time of report 6 digitsday of month
is 2 digits; hours and minutes are 4 digits)
C/
Latitude/Longitude//(latitude is 4-digit group in degrees and
minutes with N or S; longitude is 4-digit group in degrees and
minutes E)
X1
X2
X2
X2
D/
Position//(true bearing is 3 digits; distance in miles is 2
digits from clearly identified stated landmark)
E/
Course//(true heading is a 3-digit group)
X3
X4
F/
Speed//(knots and tenths of knots e.g. 155=15.5)
X3
X4
G/
Port of departure//(name of last port of call)
H/
Time/Position of entry into the system//(time as expressed in
B; position as expressed in C or D)
X1
I/
Destination/ETA//(port and ETA as expressed in B)
J/
Pilot carried//(state whether deep sea or local pilot is on
board)
K/
Time/point of exit from system//(time as expressed in B;
position as expressed in C or D)
L/
Route//(position of each turn point should be given as
expressed in C, together with type of intended track between, e.
g. RL=Rhumb Line, GC=Great Circle or Coast {in this case
ETA of passing significant points expressed as expressed in B
should be given})
M/
Radio communications//(state full name of stations and
fre-quencies guarded)
N/
Time of next report//(as expressed in B)
O/
Draft//(in meters and centimeters expressed as 4 digits)
P/
Cargo//(brief details of any dangerous or hazardous cargo
See Note 1 below.)
X5
Q/
Defects or damage//(brief details of any defects, damage, or
other limitations)
R/
Pollution//(brief details of type of pollution and position as in
C or D)
S/
Weather//(brief details of cyclonic conditions only)
T/
Vessel's agent//(name and particulars)
U/
Vessel size/type//(length, beam in meters, gt, and type)
V/
Medical personnel//(doctor, physicians assistant, nurse, or no
medic)
W/
Number of persons on board//
X/
Remarks//(any other informationbrief details)
X4
X4
X3
X3
Key to Symbols:
X Required information.
X1Required information when entering the area. Either item C or D may be used.
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INSPIRESMessage Format
Identifi
er
Content
SP
PR
DR
FR
X2Either item C or D may be used.
X3Include if appropriate.
X4Required information when leaving the area.
X5Reports on dangerous and hazardous cargo shall be made in accordance with the list below:
1 Correct technical name(s) of cargo.
2 UN number(s).
3 IMO hazard class(es).
4 Name of consignee/consignor and manufacturer of cargo.
5 Types of packages, including identification, make(s), or whether in portable tank, vehicle, or packaged
in vehicle freight container or other portable tank unit.
6 Quantity and likely condition of the cargo.
7 Details of arms and ammunition being carried on board.
IMust be included by all Indian vessels. Other vessels may include these items in the Sailing Plan (SP) at
their discretion.
Note 1.Dangerous and hazardous cargo shall include the following:
1. Cargo classified in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code.
2. Substances classified in Chapter 17 of the IBC Code (dangerous bulk chemicals) and Chapter 19 of the
IGC Code (liquefied gases in bulk).
3. Oil as identified in MARPOL Annex I.
4. Noxious liquid substances as defined in MARPOL Annex II.
5. Harmful substances as defined in MARPOL Annex III.
6. Radioactive material as specified in the INF Code for the safe carriage of irradiated nuclear fuel,
plutonium, and high level radioactive wastes in flasks.
Note 2.The International Code of Signals should be used to send messages when language problems exist.
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Appendix IIIINDSAR
India Ship Reporting System for SAR (INDSAR)
General Information
The India Ship Reporting System for SAR (INDSAR) is a
system designed to contribute to the safety of life at sea for certain vessels operating or transiting in the Indian Search and
Rescue Region (ISRR).
The ISRR consists of the waters adjoining the Indian coast
within the limits defined by the following:
a. 2100'N,6815'E.
b. 1200'N,6300'E.
c. 1200'N,6000'E.
d. 600'S,6000'E.
e. 600'S,6800'E.
f. 000',6800'E.
g. 800'N,7300'E.
h. 610'N,7800'E.
i. 1000'N,8000'E.
j. 1000'N,8200'E.
k. 600'N,9200'E.
l. 600'N,9732'E.
Participation in INDSAR is mandatory for all Indian-registered vessels of 100 gross tons and over entering into or transiting the ISRR.
The Indian government encourages the following vessels to
participate in INDSAR:
1. Foreign vessels of 300 gross tons and over.
2. All vessels of 100 gross tons and over, regardless of
flag, carrying dangerous cargo.
3. Vessels more than 20 years old.
The objectives of INDSAR are, as follows:
1. To contribute to the safety of life and sea and the protection of the marine environment.
2. Limiting the time between the loss of a vessel and the
initiation of SAR action, in cases where no distress signal is
sent out.
3. Limiting the search area for a rescue action.
4. Providing up-to-date information on shipping resources available in the area in the event of a SAR incident.
5. To provide urgent medical assistance or advice to vessels not carrying a doctor.
6. To monitor and control the movement of vessels carrying dangerous or hazardous cargo within the Indian Search
and Rescue Region.
7. Protection against piracy and armed robbery.
INDSAR is supplementary to INSPIRES and is an advanced
computerized system operated and maintained by the Indian
Coast Guard through Maritime Rescue Coordination Center
(MRCC) Mumbai. Participation in INDSAR is voluntary and
vessels will not incur any charges (if reports are sent through
INMARSAT-C using Code 43 via Pune LES or by e-mail) or
additional responsibilities other than already exists under SOLAS 74 and SAR 79.
The efficiency of INDSAR depends on the number of vessels
regularly participating in the system. The more vessels maintained in the computerized plot, the greater the chance that a
vessel will be identified near the position of distress. Since
INDSAR will identify the most suitable vessel(s) to respond to
a vessel in distress, MRCC Mumbai can release other vessels
to continue their voyage.
All Indian vessels of between 100 gross tons and 299 gross
tons which are not fully complying with GMDSS requirements
shall send relevant reports on VHF channel 16 or MF radiotelephone through one of the Indian Coast Guard stations located
along the coast of India. As an alternative, the owners of such
vessels shall, upon receipt of the relevant report, forward the
report to the nearest Maritime Rescue Coordination Center
(MRCC) or Maritime Rescue Subcenter (MRSC) for onward
transmission to MRCC Mumbai.
All other vessels other than those above which are not fully
complying with GMDSS requirements are encouraged to send
relevant reports on VHF channel 16 or MF radiotelephone
through one of the Indian Coast Guard stations located along
the coast of India. As an alternative, the owners of such vessels
shall, upon receipt of the relevant report, forward the report to
the nearest MRCC or MRSC for onward transmission to
MRCC Mumbai.
All vessels entering or transiting the INDSAR area, regardless of flag, shall carry a copy of the latest edition of Indian
Notices to Mariners Special Edition as a reference document
and be guided by the detailed procedures specified in IMO
Resolution A.851(20).
In order to maintain continuity, vessels transiting along the
coast of India and transiting through the Sri Lanka Search and
Rescue Region and re-entering the ISRR are requested to send
the prescribed INDSAR reports on a continual basis.
Types of Reports
There are seven types of INDSAR messages, as follows:
1. Sailing Plan (SP).This report should contain
enough necessary information to initiate a plot and give an
outline of the intended route. It the vessel does not get underway within 2 hours of its stated time, a new SP should be
sent to the INDSAR Center. Prior to departing from an Indian port or when entering the INDSAR area from overseas,
vessels should send an SP to the INDSAR Center and adhere
to the following:
a. The SP should be sent within 2 hours before, upon,
or after departure from an Indian port.
b. The SP should be sent within 24 hours of the vessel
entering the INDSAR area or not later than 2 hours after
entering the boundary.
There are four slightly different SP formats, depending on
where the vessel is entering the INDSAR area, its route within the area, and its destination. The format for the SPs is located in the table titled INDSAR Sailing Plan (SP)
Message Formats.
2. Position Report (PR).This report should be sent
within 24 hours of departing a port within the limits of the
ISRR or when entering the limits of the ISRR from overseas;
it should then be sent at least once every 24 hours thereafter.
The destination should be included, at least in the first few
reports, in case INDSAR has not received the SP or ENR information.
3. Deviation Report (DR).This report should be sent
whenever any voyage information changes which could afPub. 160
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172
fect INDSARs ability to accurately predict the vessels position. Changes in course and speed due to weather, change in
destination, diverting to evacuate a sick or injured crewman,
diverting to assist another vessel, or any other deviation from
the original SP or ENR should be reported as soon as possible.
If a vessel at any time is in a position more than 2 hours
sailing time from the position predicted in its last intended
route, anew PR of DR should be sent.
4. Final Report (FR).This report should be sent upon
arrival at the port of destination or when the vessel departs
the INDSAR area. This report terminates the vessels voyage
in the INDSAR computer. The format for this report can be
found in the table titled INDSAR Message Formats.
5. Dangerous Goods Report (DG).This report should
be sent when an incident takes place involving the loss or
likely loss overboard of packaged dangerous cargo into the
sea. The format for this report can be found in the table titled
INDSAR Message Formats.
6. Harmful Substances Report (HS).This report
should be sent when an incident takes place involving the
discharge or probable discharge of oil (Annex 1 of MARPOL 72/78) or noxious liquid substances in bulk (Annex 2 of
MARPOL 72/78). The format for this report can be found in
the table titled INDSAR Message Formats.
7. Marine Pollutants Report (MP).This report should
be sent in the case of loss or likely loss overboard of harmful
substances in package form identified as marine pollutants in
the IMO Dangerous Goods Code (Annex 3 of MARPOL 72/
78). The format for this report can be found in the table titled
INDSAR Message Formats.
If the vessel is unable to pass a PR, FR, or EXR through normal methods, the vessel should attempt to pass the message
through another vessel, through a harbor authority, or through
another shore authority, as appropriate.
Format of messages.The first line begins with INDSAR,
followed by a slash (/), the report type (SP, ENR, etc.), and
ends with a double slash (//). Each remaining line begins with a
specified letter, followed by a slash (/), to identify the line type.
The remainder of each line contains one or more data fields
separated by single slashes (/). Each line ends with a double
slash (//). All reports end with a Z (end of report) line.
Note.All reports are to be prefixed INDSAR and can be
transmitted to MRCC Mumbai by the following:
1. Telephone:
91-22-24376133
2. Telefacsimile:
91-22-24316558
3. INMARSAT-C:
441907210
4. INMARSAT-M:
641901610
5. E-mail:
[email protected]
Reports can be sent to MRCC Mumbai via INMARSAT
Code 43 through LES Pune or using any MRCC/MRSC listed
in Search and Rescue.
INDSAR Sailing Plan (SP) Message Formats
Identif
ier
Content
Entering
Indian
waters from
overseas and
berthing at
an Indian
port
Navigating
between
Indian ports
Departing
Indian ports
for foreign
ports
Transiting
the INDSAR
area and not
stopping at
Indian ports
A/
Vessels name/Call sign//
B/
Time (UTC))//(date and time of report 6
digits, day of month 2 digits, and hour and
minutes is a 4 digits)
E/
Course//(true heading is a 3-digit group)
F/
Speed//(knots and tenths of knots e.g.
155=15.5)
G/
Port of departure//(name of last port of call)
H/
Date/time (as expressed in B) and position of
entry into INDSAR area
I/
Destination/ETA//(port and ETA as
expressed in B)
K/
Time/point of exit from system//(time as
expressed in B; position as expressed in C)
L/
Route//(position of each turn point should be
given as expressed in C, together with type of
intended track between e. g. RL=Rhumb Line,
GC=Great Circle or Coast {in this case ETA of
passing significant points expressed as
expressed in B should be given})
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INDSAR Sailing Plan (SP) Message Formats
Identif
ier
Content
Entering
Indian
waters from
overseas and
berthing at
an Indian
port
Navigating
between
Indian ports
Departing
Indian ports
for foreign
ports
Transiting
the INDSAR
area and not
stopping at
Indian ports
M/
Radio communications//(state full name of
stations and frequencies guarded)
V/
Medical personnel//(doctor, physicians
assistant, nurse, or no medic)
X1
X1
X1
X1
X/
Next port-of-call//
Z/
EOR//
Key to Symbols:
XRequired information
X1Required information if doctor, physicians assistant, or nurse on board.
INDSAR Message Formats
Identif
ier
Content
PR
DR
FR
DG
HS
MP
A/
Vessels name/Call sign//
B/
Time (UTC))//(date and time of report 6 digits, day of
month 2 digits, and hour and minutes is a 4 digits)
C/
Lat/Long//(latitude is 4-digit group in degrees and minutes
with N or S; longitude is 4-digit group in degrees and minutes
E)
E/
Course//(true heading is a 3-digit group)
F/
Speed//(knots and tenths of knots e.g. 155=15.5)
G/
Port of departure//(name of last port of call)
I/
Destination/ETA//(port and ETA as expressed in B)
X1
X2
K/
Time/point of exit from system//(time as expressed in B;
position as expressed in C)
L/
Route//(position of each turn point should be given as
expressed in C, together with type of intended track between
e. g. RL=Rhumb Line, GC=Great Circle or Coast {in this case
ETA of passing significant points expressed as expressed in B
should be given})
X2
M/
Radio communications//(state full name of stations and
frequencies guarded)
N/
Date/time (as expressed in B) of next Position Report
P/
Pollution details, as described in the Key below
X3
X4
X3
Q/
Ship information, as described in the Key below
X5
X5
X5
R/
Dangerous cargo lost overboard, as described in the Key
below
X6
X7
X6
S/
Weather conditions//
T/
Vessel's agent//(name and particulars)
U/
Vessel size/type//(length, beam in meters, gt, and type)
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INDSAR Message Formats
Identif
ier
Content
PR
DR
FR
X/
Remarks//(other information; brief details)
Z/
EOR//
DG
HS
MP
X8
X8
Key to Symbols
O
Optional information.
Required information.
X1
Recommended to be included.
X2
Required information if destination or route changes.
X3
This information is required in the event of probable discharge. The following details should be included:
1 Correct technical name(s) of cargo.
2 UN number(s).
3 IMO hazard class(es).
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s), when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Types of packages, including identification marks. Specify whether portable tanks or tank vehicles, whether
vehicle or freight container, or other transport unit containing packages. Include official registration marks and
numbers assigned to the unit.
6 An estimate of the quantity and likely condition of the cargo.
X4
This information is required in the event of probable discharge. The following details should be included:
1 Type of oil or the correct technical name(s) of the noxious liquid substance on board.
2 UN number(s).
3 Pollution category (A, B, C, or D) for noxious liquid substances.
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s) of substances, if appropriate, when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Quantity.
X5
The following details should be included:
1 Condition of the vessel.
2 Ability to transfer cargo/ballast/fuel.
X6
The following details should be included:
1 Correct technical name(s) of cargo.
2 UN number(s).
3 IMO hazard class(es).
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s), when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 Types of packages, including identification marks. Specify whether portable tanks or tank vehicles, whether
vehicle or freight container, or other transport unit containing packages. Include official registration marks and
numbers assigned to the unit.
6 An estimate of the quantity and likely condition of the cargo.
7 Whether lost cargo floated or sank.
8 Whether loss is continuing.
9 Cause of loss.
X7
The following details should be included:
1 Type of oil or the correct technical name(s) of the noxious liquid discharged into the sea.
2 UN number(s).
3 Pollution category (A, B, C, or D) for noxious liquid substances.
4 Name(s) of manufacturer(s) of substances, if appropriate, when known, or consignee(s) or consignor(s).
5 An estimate of the quantity of the substances.
6 Whether lost substances floated or sank.
7 Whether loss is continuing.
8 Cause of loss.
9 Estimate of the movement of the discharge or lost substances, giving current position, if known.
10 Estimate of the surface area of the spill, if possible.
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INDSAR Message Formats
Identif
ier
X8
Content
PR
DR
FR
DG
HS
MP
The following details should be included:
1 Action being taken with regard to the discharge and the movement of the vessel.
2 Assistance or salvage efforts which have been requested or which have been provided by others.
3 The master of an assisting or salvaging vessel should report the particulars of the action undertaken or
planned.
Note.The International Code of Signals should be used to send messages when language problems exist.
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Appendix IVISLEREP
Island Ship Reporting System (ISLEREP)
Description.The Island Ship Reporting System (ISLEREP) was instituted to enhance navigational safety in and
around the waters of the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands (A&N), located on the E side of the Bay of Bengal, and
the Laccadive Islands (Lakshadweep Islands) and Minicoy Island (L&M), in the Arabian Sea off the SW coast of India. The
purpose of the system is to minimize the risk of a maritime accident and consequential pollution and damage to the marine
environment and to respond quickly in the event of any safety
or pollution incident.
The ISLEREP Area is the area within 20 miles of the A&N
coasts and within 20 miles of the K&M coasts.
Participation.The following vessels are required to participate in this reporting system:
1. All vessels with a length of 50m and over.
2. All oil tankers, regardless of length. For the purposes
of this requirement, oil tanker means a vessel defined in Regulation 1(4) of Annex I to MARPOL 73/78, together with
those vessels other than oil tankers to which Regulation 2(2)
of Annex I to MARPOL 73/78 applies; that is, vessels fitted
with cargo spaces which are constructed and utilized to carry
oil in bulk of an aggregate capacity of 200m3 or more.
3. All liquefied gas carriers, chemical tankers, or vessels
coming under the INF Code, regardless of length.
4. Vessels engaged in towing or pushing where the towing or pushing vessel or the towed or pushed vessel is a vessel described in one of the categories above or where the
length of the tow, measured from the stern of the towing vessel to the aft end of the tow, is greater than 150m.
Warships, naval auxiliaries, and government vessels are encouraged to participate in ISLEREP on a voluntary basis.
Operating Authority.ISLEREP is operated under a joint
arrangement between the Indian Coast Guard and the A&N/
L&M administrations. Is is operated 24 hours and is based on
VHF reporting employing a radio network along the A&N and
L&M coasts to the Ship Reporting Center (call sign: ISLEREP
CENTER) using VHF channels 8 and 16 with Port Blair Radio
(A&N) and Kavaratti Radio (L&M).
Concept of ISLEREP.ISLEREP is based on a VHF voice
reporting system employing a radio network along the A&N
coast and the L&M coast, as well as on islands in the adjacent
area. Through this network, certain categories of vessels are required to report their entry into, and progress through, the area.
The purpose is to monitor compliance with the reporting requirements and provide enhanced ship traffic information at
these locations. This will maintain a surface picture of participating vessels established from position reports and dead reckoning.
Entering the ISLEREP Area.When entering the area
from seaward within 20 miles of the islands or when departing
from a port within the area, vessels are required to provide a
Position Report (PR), which should include such information
as vessel name, position, intended route, cargo, and other supplementary information. The extent of the PR will depend on
whether the vessels has previously sent an INDSAR Sailing
Plan (INDSAR SP) message. If a vessel has already reported in
the INDSAR system, the ISLEREP system will only require a
reduced PR from the vessel.
Enroute Position Reports.As a monitor of progress
through the reporting area, enroute reporting points have generally been placed at intervals of 80 to 100 miles apart, depending on location and the siting of shore-based VHF radio
stations. The Enroute Position Reports are generally limited to
the vessel name, position, speed or ETA, and any further information the master considers might be of value to the system,
such as concentration of fishing vessels or abnormal weather
conditions.
In A&N, a high frequency link called Atlanta is manned by
port authorities, as follows:
1. Day8294 kHz.
2. Night6224 kHz.
The Lakshadweep Islands also maintains a high frequency
watch from 0600 to 2200 (Indian Standard Time) on 4393.4
khz, 6275 kHz, 7344 kHz, and 8275 kHz.
Survey vessels, research vessels, aids to navigation support
vessels, and tourist related or local trading vessels, which may
not be on a continuous passage, are required to provide a PR to
ISLEREP at intervals not to exceed 12 hours.
Consistent with the aim of avoiding dual reporting, vessels
within the ISLEREP area who are already participating in
INDSAR do not need to submit separate INDSAR PRs; instead
they can be messaged to INDSAR.
Leaving the ISLEREP Area.Vessels sending their final
report to the ISLEREP system when about to enter port or in
the vicinity of a port of entry/departure reporting point will be
required to advise if this is also an INDSAR Final Report
(INDSAR FR). Likewise, vessels sending their final report to
the ISLEREP system when in the vicinity of an area entry/departure reporting point must advise if they intend to report to
the INDSAR system for the remainder of their voyage in the
Indian SRR area.
Special Reports.Vessels must also advise ISLEREP in the
following circumstances:
1. Significant deviation from track reported in the last
PR.
2. Significant speed alterations, for reasons other than
normal course and/or speed alterations.
3. Damage or defects to the vessel or its equipment which
will affect its operations and/or seaworthiness.
4. Damage to the ship or its equipment that could make a
discharge of dangerous cargo, harmful substances, or marine
pollutants about to/or likely to occur.
Examples of such incidents include, but are not limited to,
failure or breakdown of steering gear, propulsion plant, electrical generating system, or essential shipboard navigational aids;
collision; grounding; fire; explosion; structural failure; flooding; or cargo shifting.
Communications.Vessels participating in ISLEREP must
communicate with ISLEREP Center using VHF channel 8 and
16 as the primary means of communication. The working VHF
channel to be used will depend on the vessels position.
Vessels may also provide cargo details to INDSAR/ISLEREP by non-radio means (telephone, fax, or INMARSATC) provided this is done prior to their first report.The language
Pub. 160
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to be used for ISLEREP reports is English, using the IMO
Standard Marine Communication Phrases where necessary.
Alternative communication methods may be used, in order
of preference, as follows:
1. INMARSTA-C, through ARVI LES, using Toll Free
Code 43.
2. Other INMARSAT (or non-INMARSAT) telephone/
facsimile/telex services.
3. HF radiotelephone or telex services.
Automated Position Reporting.Vessels transiting the ISLEREP region are encouraged to participate in Automated Position Reporting (APR) via INMARSAT-C Code 43.
INMARSAT-C APR costs will be borne by the Indian Coast
Guard. This is only for use when communications in the VHF
network have failed and a satellite link with MRCC Mumbai
(INMARSAT-C: 441907210) is necessary.
Types of Reports.There are five types of ISLEREP reports, as follows:
1. FIRST ISLEREP PREntering the ISLEREP system,
if vessel is previously logged in with an INDREP SP. The
vessel will, at the first reporting point, normally only need
to:
a. Identify itself to the ISLEREP Center.
b. Confirm that the vessel is an INDSAR participant.
c. Report its position.
d. Confirm there are no changes to the information
provided.
e. Report any changes or additional information relevant to the voyage
2. FULL ISLEREP PREntering the ISLEREP system,
if vessel is not previously logged in with an INDSAR SP. If
the ship does not intend to report to INDSAR, a FULL ISLEREP PR must be submitted
3. ISLEREP PR ENROUTEEnroute within the ISLE-
REP system. Following the first report to ISLEREP Center,
further position reports are required, as follows:
a. At each subsequent reporting of islands.
b. At intervals not to exceed 12 hours.
4. FINAL ISLEREP PRLeaving the ISLEREP system.
Vessels should notify ISLEREP Center when:
a. Departing the ISLEREP area or when 20 miles from
the island.
b. Arriving at a port within the ISELREP area (A&N/
L&M).
If the vessel is also an INDSAR reporting vessel and is departing the ISLEREP area at the next sea boundary, it should
also notify ISLEREP Center if it intends to continue reporting to INDSAR and, if so, give the date and time of the next
INDSAR PR.
If the vessel is arriving at a port within the ISLEREP area,
it should notify ISLEREP Center that the report is also an
INDSAR FR.
5. ISLEREP PRWhen reporting defects, damages, deficiencies, or other limitations. For further information, see
the ISLEREP PR ENROUTE paragraph above.
The required information for each report can be found in the
accompanying table titled ISLEREP Message Formats.
Reporting Format.The basic format for ISLEREP reports
follows the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard. The first line in every report begins with the word ISLEREP, followed by a slash (/), continuing with the report
type, and ending with a double slash (//). Each remaining line
begins with a specified letter followed by a slash(/) to identify
the line type. The remainder of each line contains one or more
data fields separated by single slashes (/). Each line ends with a
double slash (//). All reports should end with the Z (end of report) line
For VHF reporting, vessels do not need to prefix each field
with the IMO format letter, but may do so if they wish.
ISLEREP Message Formats
Design
ator
Information
FIRST
ISLEREP
PR (INDSAR SP
lodged)
FULL
ISLEREP
PR (INDSAR SP
not lodged)
ISLEREP
PR
ENROUTE
FINAL
ISLEREP
PR
Changed
circumstances
ISLEREP
PR
Vessel name and call sign
Date and time (UTC) of vessels actual
position if within 20 miles of the island
Latitude and longitude of vessels actual position if within 20 miles of the island
True course in whole degrees
Speed in knots
Coastal pilot on board? (Yes or No)
Final mandatory entry/anchoring in island, with name
Draft fore and aft in meters and tenths
of meters
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ISLEREP Message Formats
Design
ator
Information
FIRST
ISLEREP
PR (INDSAR SP
lodged)
FULL
ISLEREP
PR (INDSAR SP
not lodged)
ISLEREP
PR
ENROUTE
FINAL
ISLEREP
PR
Changed
circumstances
ISLEREP
PR
Cargo name. Dangerous cargo (Yes or
No)
Defects and other limitations (Yes or
No. Supply details)
Brief details of type of pollution lost
overboard (oil, chemicals, etc.). Also
report if any pollution sighted.
Vessel type/length in meters/gross
tonnage
Remarks
X (see
Note)
End of report
Note:
1. Yes INDSAR next report ddhhhh, where dd is the date and hhhh is the hour (if the vessel is also an INDSAR
reporting vessel and is continuing to report to INDSAR).
2. Yes INDSAR final report (if the vessel is also an INDSAR vessel and is arriving at a port in the ISLEREP area).
3. Not INDSAR (if the vessel is not an INDSAR vessel).
Pub. 160
INDIAN OCEAN
General
181
Cautions
181
Climatology
184
Currents
195
Navigational Information
198
Pollution
199
Regulations
201
Routes
201
Seas
201
Ship Reporting System
202
Signals
202
Tides
202
Appendix IRoutes in the Indian Ocean
205
Appendix IIInternational Port Traffic Signals and Visual
Storm Warning Signals
221
General
The Indian Ocean, the third largest ocean, is bordered on the
W by Africa, on the S by Antarctica, on the N by Asia, and on
the E by Australia.
The Mid-Indian Ridge, the most notable bathymetric feature
of the ocean, lies near the center. It takes the form of an inverted Y and has a depth of 2,743m. The Mid-Indian Ocean Basin, with depths of over 5,000m, lies E of this ridge. The
Ninetyeast Ridge extends S from the Bay of Bengal on the E
side of the basin.
The Vema Trench (900'S., 6730'E.), with depths of over
6,000m, lies on the E side of the Mid-Indian Ridge.
The Java Trench (1020'S., 11010'E.), with a reported
maximum depth of 7,449m, is the deepest part of the Indian
Ocean.
181
Cautions
Special Warning 122 (Issued 11 March 2005; reviewed 6
November 2014)
As of early 2005, the United States Government has received
unconfirmed information that terrorists may attempt to mount a
maritime attack using speedboats against a Western ship, possibly in East Africa. This information is unconfirmed and the
United States is not aware of additional information on the
planning, timing, or intended targets of the maritime attack.
Special Warning 120 (Issued 16 November 2001; reviewed
20 November 2014)
1. Due to recent events in the Middle East and the American homeland, U.S. forces worldwide are operating at a heightened state of readiness and taking additional defensive
precautions against terrorist and other potential threats. Consequently, all aircraft, surface vessels, and subsurface vessels approaching U.S. forces are requested to maintain radio contact
with U.S. forces on bridge-to-bridge channel 16, international
air distress (121.5 MHz VHF), or MILAR Distress (243.0
MHz UHF)
2. U.S. forces will exercise appropriate measures in selfdefense if warranted by the circumstances. Aircraft, surface
vessels, and subsurface vessels approaching U.S. forces will,
by making prior contact as described above, help make their intentions clear and avoid unnecessary initiation of such defensive measures.
3. U.S. forces, especially when operating in confined waters, shall remain mindful of navigational considerations of air-
Pub. 160
182
Indian Ocean
craft, surface vessels, and subsurface vessels in their immediate
vicinity.
4. Nothing in this special warning is intended to impede or
otherwise interfere with the freedom of navigation or overflight
of any vessel or aircraft, or to limit or expand the inherent selfdefense right of U.S. forces. This special warning is published
solely to advise of the heightened state of readiness of U.S.
forces and to request that radio contact be maintained as described above.
quested to report by radio or, as follows:
1. Telephone:
39-06-570-52420
2. Facsimile:
39-06-570-55271
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
4. Web site below:
Special Warning 129 (Issued 19 November 2014)
Information on Special Warning 129 can be found in PakistanCautions.
The report should include the following particulars:
1. Date and time (specifying UTC or zone time) when locusts first seen.
2. Latitude and longitude, if possible to nearest minute,
where locusts first seen.
3. Time and position at which locusts were last seen.
4. Whether isolated locusts (seen in flight singly), locust
groups(s) (flying locusts seen intermittently in numbers),
swarm (flying locusts seen continuously in numbers over a
period of at least a minute), dense swarm (obscuring part of
horizon or other background), or locusts appearing on board
or floating dead (isolated, groups, or swarms).
5. Color of locusts (yellow, pink, red, or gray).
6. Wind direction and speed.
The cost of these messages will be defrayed by the FAO Desert Locust Information Service.
Pakistan.Reports of locusts seen in the Arabian Sea can
also be sent directly to the Department of Plant Protection, Karachi, as follows:
1. Telephone:
92-21-9248612
92-21-9248613
92-21-9248614
2. Facsimile:
92-21-9248673
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
4. Web site:
http://www.plantprotection.gov.pk
The cost of these messages will be defrayed by the Department of Plant Protection.
Oman.Mariners sighting locusts are asked to report the
information contained in 1 to 6 above to the Omani Ministry of
Agriculture and Fisheries Locust Control Center, as follows:
1. Telephone:
968-24-540648
2. Facsimile:
968-24-540720
3. E-mail:
[email protected]
If facsimile is not available contact FAO Rome, as previously
described, and Muscat Coast Radio Station (A4H), as follows:
1. Telephone:
968-24-571400
968-24-571500
2. Facsimile:
968-24-562995
Special Warning 107 (Issued 1 December 1997; reviewed 23
October 2014)
Information on Special Warning 107 can be found in Sri
LankaCautions.
ODAS
The term Ocean Data Acquisition System (ODAS) covers a
wide range of devices for collecting weather and oceanographic data. However, the devices of most concern to vessels consist of buoy systems which support instruments. These buoy
systems may be expected to become more numerous each year
and may be found in most oceans.
The buoy systems vary considerably in size and are either
moored or free-floating. As far as possible, positions of the former will always be widely promulgated, and, if considered to
be of a permanent enough nature, will be charted. In both
types, the instruments may be either in the float or attached at
any depth beneath it.
The buoys are colored yellow and marked ODAS with an
identification number. The moored buoys usually display a yellow light, showing a group of five flashes every 20 seconds.
ODAS equipment may be encountered in unexpected areas
and often in deep water where navigational buoys would not be
found. It should be noted that valuable instruments are often
suspended beneath these systems or attached to the mooring
lines. In some cases, the moorings have been cut loose beneath
the buoy by unauthorized persons, with the consequent loss of
the most valuable part of the system.
The moored buoys may be up to 7.5m in diameter and 2 to
3m in height. The free-floating buoys are usually much smaller, 2m wide, and do not display a light.
Locust Reports
General.Many countries in Africa and Southwest Asia
are, from time to time, invaded by swarms of Desert Locust.
These locusts are capable of traveling for hundreds of miles
and have repeatedly been seen in flight at sea within the North
Arabian Sea, the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, the Persian Gulf,
and the N part of the Indian Ocean. The adult Desert Locust is
about 60mm long, with a wingspan of about 120mm. They
vary in color from red to yellow according to their state of maturity.
Reports of locusts in all infested countries are exchanged
through the Desert Locust Information Service, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Rome. To
assist in the provision of appropriate warnings to countries
threatened by locust invasion, mariners sighting locusts are rePub. 160
Desert Locust Information Service, Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO)
http://www.fao.org/news/global/locusts/locuhome.htm
Off-lying Dangers
The Madagascar Plateau (3313'S., 4348'E.), a submarine
ridge, lies about 460 miles S of Madagascar. Walters Shoal,
with a least depth of 18m, lies on this ridge.
The Alphard Banks (3502'S., 2052'E.), a series of coral
and rock formations, rise from general depths of about 85m to
a least depth of 15.5m. Heavy swells and turbulent seas frequently occur, especially during strong SW winds, in the vicinity of these formations.
Muirfield Seamount (1310'S., 9611'E.), with a least depth
of 18m, is reported to lie about 70 miles SSW of the Cocos Islands (Keeling Islands).
Indian Ocean
Piracy
General.Acts of piracy are reported to occur within the
waters of the Indian Ocean lying off the W coast of Sumatra,
off the coast of Somalia, and in the Strait of Hormuz. The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) of the International Chamber of Commerce has established a Piracy Countermeasures
Center at Kuala Lumpur. This center operates for the Southeast
Asian Region and is able to receive reports from vessels concerning attacks and advise of danger areas. Piracy warnings are
broadcast by the center. For further information, see MalaysiaCautionsPiracy.
Vessels are further cautioned to be especially alert for pirates
in the Malacca Straits and the Singapore Straits, in the waters
off India, Indonesia, Banglasdesh, and off the Seychelles, Madagascar, and the western Maldives.
Guidance regarding practices recommended for vessels operating in high risk areas have been published by the International Maritime Organizations (IMO) Revised Maritime
Safety Committee (MSC) Circulars, which can be accessed on
the Internet, as follows:
IMO Revised MSC Circulars
http://www.imo.org/safety/mainframe.asp?topic_id=1147
For further Information on piracy in the Gulf of Aden and
the Horn of Africa, see Red Sea and the Persian GulfCautions.
Transit Recommendations off the E coast of Africa.Piracy activity off the E coast of Somalia has increased (April
2009). Attacks have occurred more than 400 miles offshore, in
an area about 400 miles SE of Hobyo and Mogadishu, and as
far S as an area lying about 440 miles E of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Vessels are advised, unless they specifically have business to
conduct on the E coast of Africa, to pass E of the Seychelles
and Madagascar and are strongly advised to remain E of longitude 60E and at least 600 miles off the coast of Somalia. Even
at this range, vessels should still take all necessary precautions
to avoid, deter, and delay potential pirate attacks.
Freak Waves
An area in the Indian Ocean lying between the Cape of Good
Hope and Durban has long been regarded as dangerous due to
large swells and the occurrence, without warning, of abnormally high freak waves. These freak waves are reported to be preceded by a steep trough, often described as a hole, into which
vessels may plunge. Such vessels are then unable to rise up
again before encountering a solid wall of water, 20 to 25m
high. These freak waves have usually been reported to occur
within 20 miles of the edge of the Continental Shelf.
The heavy swell is generated by the large extra-tropical
storms to the S. These waves are often able to travel unimpeded
to the coast of Africa. It is believed that the combination of SW
winds and swell, the sharp drop in the Continental Shelf, and
the swift southward-flowing Agulhas Current all contribute to
creating these heavy swell conditions. The fact that they often
occur in clear weather with moderate breezes makes them all
the more dangerous.
Freak or abnormally high waves seem to be created under
the following conditions. Preceding the passage of a cold front
183
or low along the SE coast, strong NE winds intensify the Agulhas Current, which is at its fastest and deepest just outside the
183m line. Then a rapid change in wind direction, with the
storm passage, brings strong SW winds, which raise 3.1 to
4.6m seas of 53 to 61m in length against the Agulhas Current.
These waves, moving toward the NE, are joined by similarly
moving swells of 6.1m or more in height, which increase in
height as they run up against the Agulhas Current. Their wavelengths then drop to about 152m. When waves of varying
wavelengths are superimposed, an abnormally high wave can
be generated for a short period of time, sometimes for just a
few minutes. This abnormally high wave moving against a fast
flowing current can become extremely steep on the N or leeward face. An abnormally long trough also occurs on the NE
side of the wave, posing an additional problem to southwestbound ships.
While the chances of encountering a freak wave are slight,
care should be exercised when navigating in the vicinity of the
edge of the Continental Shelf between Durnford Point and
Cape Recife. If the previously mentioned conditions exist or
are forecast, then it would be safest inside the 183m curve or, if
that is not possible, then greater than 20 miles away from the
Continental Shelf.
Tsunami Damage
In December 2004, a large tsunami affected the N and W
coasts of Sumatera, the W coast of Thailand, the Maldive Islands, the Andaman Islands, the Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka,
the SE and SW coasts of India, and Somalia. Depths, coastlines, and sea levels may have changed throughout these areas;
wrecks and obstructions may have been displaced; and aids to
navigation may have been damaged, destroyed, or be out of position. Mariners in these areas should obtain local knowledge
when making for ports or seeking refuge.
Seiches
In the Bay of Bengal, seiches (stationary wave oscillations
superimposed upon the tide and having periods of about 34
minutes) may raise the water level 0.05 to 0.15m along the
coast. These seiches, usually attributed to strong winds or
changes in barometric pressure, are more pronounced during
neap tides.
Fishing
Extensive fishing is carries out on the continental shelf of
southern Africa. Lit or unlit buoys marking trawling areas may
be encountered.
Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian
Monsoon Analysis and Prediction (RAMA) Buoys
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) maintains an array of RAMA buoys in the equatorial
Indian Ocean. RAMA buoys are white and orange toroid
buoys, 2.3m in diameter and surmounted by a 4m high instrument tower, with radar reflectors, and visible on radar at ranges
of 4 to 8 miles, depending on conditions; the buoys, which
should be given a berth of 5 miles, are located in the following
positions:
a. 2445.1'S,9958.0'E.
b. 1152.1'S,9318.6'E.
c. 1459.1'N,8956.0'E.
Pub. 160
Indian Ocean
184
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
r.
s.
t.
u.
v.
w.
x.
1203.5'N,8847.5'E.
800.1'N,8859.0'E.
359.7'N,8931.0'E.
133.4'N,9005.8'E.
132.2'N,8038.3'E.
000.7'S,8950.8'E.
131.2'N,8038.3'E.
005.0'N,8034.1'E.
130.1'N,8029.9'E.
354.6'S,8027.9'E.
800.7'S,8026.3'E.
1156.5'N,8023.6'E.
1601.9'S,8031.7'E.
025.1'N,6700.8'E.
137.6'S,6649.1'E.
401.9'S,6714.9'E.
807.8'S,6656.1'E.
1216.8'S,6715.9'E.
410.1'S,5712.7'E.
758.8'S,5455.1'E.
1207.4'S,5452.9'E.
Offshore Data Buoys
The Government of India has established a series of data collection and tsunami buoys off the coasts of India in the Arabian
Sea and the Bay of Bengal. for further information, see IndiaCautionsOffshore Data Buoys.
Maritime Administration (MARAD} Advisories
MARAD Advisories rapidly disseminate information on
maritime dangers, safety, government policy, and other timesensitive matters pertaining to U.S. flag vessel operations. MARAD Advisories are issued by the Office of Security to vessel
masters, ship operators, and other U.S. Maritime interests. Advisories are communicated via telex or other message formats
and are published on the MARAD web site and in the National
Geospatial-Intelligence Agencys Weekly Notice to Mariners.
The following MARAD Advisories are in effect in the geographic area of the Indian Ocean:
1. MARAD Advisory 2016-2 (issued 14 March 2016)
Zika Virus.
2. MARAD Advisory 2013-3 (issued 13 March 2013)
Guidance to Vessels Operating in the Gulf of Oman, North
Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Bab el Mandeb Regions.
3. MARAD Advisory 2011-5 (issued 31 August 2011)
Risk to Vessels Transiting High Risk Waters.
4. MARAD Advisory 2010-6 (issued 29 March 2010)
Guidance to Vessels Transiting High Risk Waters.
5. MARAD Advisory 2005-1 (issued 22 July 2005)Reporting Maritime Terrorist Incidents.
Maritime Administration (MARAD) Home Page
http://www.marad.dot.gov
Climatology
General
The Northeast Monsoon occurs from December to April.
The Southwest Monsoon occurs from June to October. Tropical cyclones occur mostly dur