33-hour Chick: Whole Mount
primary brain vesicles are already present
fundamental regions of the heart have already formed
Prosencephalon
most anterior brain region
later divides into telencephalon (anterior) and
diencephalon (posterior)
o both
further
divide
into
cerebral
hemispheres, thalamus, hypothalamus, and
optic vesicles
Prosocoel
cavity of the prosencephalon
will become ventricles I to III
Optic Vesicle
paired lateral invaginations
prosencephalon
opticoel - cavity of vesicle
on
each
side
of
Infundibulum
ventral evagination on the floor of the diencephalon
forms the posterior lobe of pituitary gland
Mesencephalon
midregion of the brain
cavity: mesocoel
o fate of mesocoel is the aqueduct of Sylvius or
the cerebral aqueduct
Metencephalon
anterior portion of hindbrain
cavity: metacoel
o metacoel is part of the IV ventricle
Myelencephalon
posterior portion of hindbrain
cavity: myelocoel
o myelocoel is part of the IV ventricle
Spinal Cord
neural tube posterior to the hindbrain
cavity: central or spinal cord
Somites
11-12 pairs are present
Anterior Intestinal Portal
opening of the foregut
as development progresses and the gut elongates, this
opening will move to the posterior
will also eventually be part of the yolk stalk
Heart
single, tubular, S-shaped organ
at right side of the body
Area pellucida
same as 24-hour chick
Area vitellina
same as 24-hour chick
Area opaca vasculosa
Sinus terminalis
o vein that encircles the area vasculosa
o gives rise to terminal blood vessel of vitelline
circulation
o
Blood islands
o masses of splanchnic mesoderm
o found in gut wall of amphibians and yolk sac
of amniotes
o form red blood cells and blood vessels
Proamnion
region that is anterior to the developing avian embryo
surrounds the head
contains endoderm and ectoderm
will be invaded with mesoderm and become
incorporated into the amnion
Subcephalic pocket
cavity beneath the embryonic head as the head
develops
Sinus Rhomboidalis
rhomboid-shaped region located on the caudal part of
the embryo
this is the location of where the primitive pit and
Hensens node are enclosed by unfused neural folds
Notochord
rod-like structure that is dorsal to the gut
origin: mesoderm
function: defines anterior/posterior axis and provides
skeletal support for embryo
Nephrotome
stalk-like connection between somites and lateral
plate mesoderm
forms the pronephros (anterior) and mesenchyme
(posterior)
o mesenchyme will further differentiate into
mesonephros and metanephros
33-hour Chick: Transverse Section
Level of Optic Nerve
Optic Vesicles
lateral bulges of prosencephalon
forerunners of the portions of the eyes
will induce the head ectoderm to thicken, invaginate,
and form the lens vesicles
cavity: opticoel
Proamnion
region below the head fold
consists of ectoderm underlain with a layer of
endoderm
will eventually be overgrown and disappear
Section through Oral Plate
Prosencephalon
forebrain that consists of median vesicle and a lateral
outpocket on each side
cavity: prosocoel
Foregut
smile-shaped cavity
ventral to notochord
walls are derived from endoderm
middle portion of the foreguts floor is slightly
thickened
Anterior neuropore
median cleft at anterior tip of neural tube
presence of this opening means the neural folds have
not fused yet
Lens Placode
thickening of head ectoderm that surrounds the optic
vessel
forerunner of eye lenses
Infundibulum
shallow depression of prosencephalic floor
located at posterior border of optic vessels
Amniotic fold
fold of somatopleure
arise at the head region, the sides, and the caudal end
fusion of amniotic folds will give rise to amnion
(inner) and chorion (outer)
Yolk sac
extra embryonic membrane
encloses and absorbs yolk of amniote embryos
endoderm + splanchnic mesoderm (splanchnopleure)
Other structures to be noted (description in 24-hour chick)
Head ectoderm
Mesenchyme
Neural Crest
Subcephalic pocket
Area pellucida
Coelom
Area Vasculosa
Notochord
ventral to mesencephalon
mesoderm derived
Oral Plate
thickened area formed by the ventral ectoderm and
the adjacent endodermal evagination of pharynx
ventral to the foregut
will form the mouth when it perforates
Subcephalic Space
Extraembryonic germ layers
below the head fold
Mesencephalon
oval-shaped brain vesicle
posterior to prosencephalon
Anterior cardinal veins
paired blood vessels at the lateral sides of the
mesencephalon
Pharynx
region of foregut at this level
Dorsal Aorta
large, paired blood vessels
dorsal to the pharynx
Stomodeum
shallow midventral depression in the ectoderm
forerunner of buccal cavity
Ventra Aorta
small paired blood vessels
located below the pharynx
one is at each side of a median depression in the floor
of the foregut
First Aortic Arches
connects the dorsal aorta with the ventral aorta
can be seen at the anterolateral region of the foregut
Neural Crest
cells found at the edges of the neural plate and above
the neural tube
will form ganglia, pigment cells, and parts of the gills
Thyroid Gland
endocrine gland that functions for control of
metabolism and growth
from ventral endoderm of pharynx
seen as a thickened shallow depression of the foregut
at the region of the dorsal mesocardium
Section at the level of the Heart: Posterior Sections
Atrium
posterior level of the heart
located now at the middle of the pericardial cavity
becomes the future auricles
Sinus venosus
caudal continuation of the atrium
dorsoventrally flattened tube in the midline
Section at the level of the Heart: Anterior Section
Ventral Aortae
fusion of ventral aorta from earlier
now a median, unpaired vessel
Bulbus arteriosus
anterior chamber of heart embryo
connects ventricle to the ventral aorta
Epimyocardium
outer, thicker layer of heart rudiment
arises from splanchnic mesoderm
fuses with the endocardium to form the hearts wall
will give rise to: epicardium (outer covering of the
heart) and myocardium (cardiac musculature)
Anterior Intestinal Portal
ventral opening of the gut into the yolk
future midgut
Vitelline veins
paired, large vessels that enter the atrium via sinus
venosus
at the caudal sections, these vessels will rise at the
lateral part of the blastoderm
Anterior cardinal veins
pair of small blood vessels above the dorsal aortae
also lies adjacent to the rhombencephalon
Isthmus
broad connection between heart and foregut
synonymous to dorsal mesocardium
rhombencephalon by the
time na mag-heart na
Section at the level of the Heart: Through the
Ventricle
Ventricle
bends to one side of the coelom
narrower dorsal mesocardium
Rhombencephalon
posterior part of brain
level of future ventricle
possesses a thick wall
Auditory Pits
ectodermal thickenings at hindbrain level
forerunners to the inner ears
syn: auditory placodes
Section through the Sinus Rhomboidalis
Neural Tube
neural groove has opened
Hensens node
large mass of compactly arranged cells
displaces the notochordal tissue
Section through the Somites
Unsegmented mesoderm
somites are not yet divided at this section
Omphalomesenteric vein
it is located far out in the splanchnopleure
Spinal Cord
elongated with elliptical cavity
Notochord
Somites
Nephrotome
refer to the 24-hour chick
description for these structures
Hypomere
Dorsal Aortae
pair of large vessels between the endoderm and the
somites
at more caudal sections, they continue laterally into
the plexus of vessels -- emphalomesenteric arteries
pictures are from:
http://www.vcbio.science.ru.nl/images/embryology/c
hicken-33hrs-dorsal-longitudinal-patten.gif
http://nte-serveur.univlyon1.fr/nte/embryon/www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/33h
rchck/33ckintr.htm
https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/i
mages/thumb/7/72/Patten028.jpg/600px-Patten028.jpg
