Review
ECE 3710
reading:
1.V1.Ch1.1--6,V2.Ch1.5
2.V1.Ch1.7-9,Ch2.1-2
No one knows whats next,
but everybody does it.
- George Carlin
for what follows...
Most Likely You Go Your Way (And I'll Go Mine)
- Bob Dylan
binary
byte
8 bits: 0000 0000
2^8 = 256 => 256 representations
bin2dec
0
1111 1111
7
2^7+2^6+2^5+2^4+2^3+2^2+2^1+2^0 = 255
bin2dec
Q: 0101 0101
A.
B.
C.
D.
170
86
85
43
bin2dec
Q: 0101 0101
A: 2^6+2^4+2^2+2^0 = 85
never, ever use this:
"There are 10 types of people: those
who understand binary and everyone
else."
if you think its funny...
dec2bin
275 => 1 0001 0011
bits:
1. how many
2. which
dec2bin
275 => 1 0001 0011
275 > 255 => more than 8
275 < 511 => no more than 9
dec2bin
275 => 1 0001 0011
(need bit in 8th position)
tedious
2^8 + 275-2^8
19 = 1 0001 XXXX
(need bit in 4th position)
2^8 + 2^4 + 19 - 2^4
3 = 1 0001 001X
(need bit in 1st
position)
2^8 + 2^(i-1) + <= 275; i = #bits:-1:0
hex
hex2dec & dec2hex
use bin as intermediary
(4-bits represent 16 combinations)
denoting hex numbers:
AAH
0xAA
Q: dec2bin(34) & dec2hex(34)
Q: dec2bin(34) & dec2hex(34)
2^5 = 32 and 2^6=64 => 6 bits: 0010 0000
32 + 2 = 34 => 0010 0010
22H
Q: hex2dec(0xA5)
A.
B.
C.
D.
163
164
165
166
Q: hex2dec(A5)
10 5
shouldnt need table: 1010 0101
(memorise all 4-bit)
2^7+2^5+2^2+2^0=128+32+4+1=165
Q: 0x36B+0xF6
Q: 36BH+F6H
11
36B
+ F6
=0x461
1: 11+6=17 (-16=1)
2:6+15+1=22 (-16=6)
3: 3+1=4
Q: 36BH-F6H
A.
B.
C.
D.
0x275
0x286
0x297
0x2A8
Q: 0x36B-0xF6
36B
- F6
=0x275
1: 11-6=5
2:6-15+16=7
3: 2
decoder
multiplexor
flip-flop (d latch)
sed to store data
previous clock: Q = 1
0
Q =0
DIGITAL
PRIMER
00 0
Flip-flops
want:
Q=0
Flip-flops are frequently used to sto
111
1100
gic Design
1
1
1
ing Gates
0111
(cont)
Digital Design, Mano
000
who makes a 112
GB HDD?
I bought a 120
GB HDD
[Link]
terminology for memory only
INSIDE THE
INSIDE THE
COMPUTER
COMPUTER
Important
Important
Terminology
Terminology
arch. dependent;
ARM = 32 bits
HANEL
HANEL
The unit of data size
The unit of data size
Bit : a binary digit that can have the value
Bit : a binary digit that can have the value
0 or 1
0 or 1
Byte : 8 bits
Byte : 8 bits
Nibble : half of a bye, or 4 bits
Nibble : half of a bye, or 4 bits
Word : two bytes, or 16 bits
Word : two bytes, or 16 bits
The terms used to describe amounts of
The terms used to describe amounts of Kibibyte (KiB)
memory in IBM PCs and compatibles
memory in IBM 10PCs and compatibles
Kilobyte (K): 210 bytes
Kilobyte (K): 2 bytes
Megabyte (M) : 22020 bytes, over 1 million
Megabyte (M) : 230 bytes, over 1 million
Gigabyte (G) : 2 bytes, over 1 billion
Gigabyte (G) : 23040bytes, over 1 billion
Terabyte (T) : 240 bytes, over 1 trillion
Terabyte (T) : 2 bytes, over 1 trillion
JEDEC
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
Department
of Computer
Science and
Information Engineering
National Cheng
Kung University,
TAIWAN
National Cheng Kung University, TAIWAN
assumed whenever
discussing memory
Mebibyte (MiB)
Gibibyte (GiB)
Tebibyte (TiB)
IEC
21
21
Architecture I
ECE 3710
reading:
1.V1.Ch1.7-9,Ch2.1-2
2.V1.Ch3.1,V2.Ch1.1-2,Ch2.1
One time a cop pulled me over for running
a stop sign. He said, "Didn't you see the
stop sign?" I said, "Yeah, but I don't believe
everything I read."
- Steven Wright
why you should read:
dont make millions of years of evolution a waste of time, eh?
lecture notes != abridged version of text
next week: assembly and I/O
buses: how information is moved
(#wires != #bits)
THE
ER
al
on of
ers
Address bus
CPU
unidirectional
Memory
(RAM, ROM)
Data bus
Peripherals
(monitor,
printer, etc.)
bidirectional
address: how computers know where to get/store
information
