EXCAVATION

{Company Name}
PHASE HAZARD ANALYSIS

Title of Job/Operation:

Subcontractor:
Job Number:
Date:
Author:

Project Description:

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

Job Number: __________

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

Job Number: __________

General Notes:
Prior to starting any job a tool box meeting will be held to discuss the work phases and
review the entire job. This includes identifying any hazards and discussing the safest way
to complete the job while keeping the BNL populace safe and out of harms way. Specific
tools for the job are selected, sound house-keeping practices are discussed, review MSDS
specific for this task. Review and sign the work permit, review and sign the PHA/SWP.
Operators manual for any powered equipment is available and will be reviewed for
proper use and safety. Check tools and GFCI daily before each use.
General Safety Rules to be applied as follows:
1. Effective safety supervision shall be present on the project whenever work is to be
performed.
2. All workers must wear high visibility clothing, safety shoes and safety glasses
with side shields at all times
3. The HASP must be available onsite
4. All employees shall be aware of the procedures in this PHA/SWP and
Brookhaven National Lab rules.
5. All employees shall be aware and trained in the chemical hazards communication
program (MSDS, Right to Know).
6. All MSDSs for proposed and used chemicals shall be on file and approved with
the BNL supervisor prior to the start of work as per OSHA requirements. Provide
training as required by specific MSDS.
7. All PPE shall be used in accordance with applicable ANSI standards.
8. Eyewash/Shower stations will comply with current ANSI standards located within
10 seconds but no further than 100 feet from hazardous chemical use areas.
9. All employees shall be effectively trained for the tasks, which they are required to
perform.
10. Any injury is to be reported to the supervisor immediately.
11. Maintain proper housekeeping throughout the project.
12. No daisy chaining of extension cords.
13. Protection of BNL populous.
14. All personnel involved in this work are required to acknowledge the PHA for this
project and sign off on the document.
15. Use approved fuel dispenser can. Post no smoking sign in the area if doing
refueling of powered equipment.
16. Operators manual must be present for all equipment on job site
17. All equipment used such as: ladders, drills, saws, hand tools, extension cords will
be inspected daily at a minimum.
18. OSHA compliant eyewash will be provided and maintained in all areas

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY
Area Preparation

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Employee
Protection
Slips, trips, falls,
uneven surfaces

Physically inspect work areas prior to start of

work
Follow good housekeeping practices: create
walkways
Assure materials & debris do not block traffic
Keep work areas clean & neat, free from rubbish
& debris
Watch where you walk.
Be cognizant of your own safe work practices as
well as those of your co-workers
Be careful on slopes or wet/muddy areas
Flagmen will be utilized as required for roadway
traffic
Appropriate warning signs will be posted
BNL to be notified prior to road & sidewalk
closing

General Site
Security

Unauthorized
access by BNL
populous

Guard against unauthorized access to

excavation by erecting fencing around the
work area. Protect BNL Populous

Working outdoors

Heat Stress,
Sunburn,
Dehydration,

Drink plenty of water, and electrolyte drinks

as needed.
Wear light-colored, cotton clothing.

General Material
Lifting/Handling

Slow down work rate and increase breaks in

hot weather.
Use sunscreen.

Chiggers & Ticks

Ergonomic Injury
Impact Injury

Use Bug Repellant

Back injurymuscle pulls,

sprains & strains,
lacerations

Use proper lifting methods, including team

lifting when necessary. (Less Than 80 lbs)
Use mechanical equipment whenever
possible.
Lift with legs, keep loads close to body, dont
twist while picking up loads.
Wear cut-resistant work gloves whenever
materials are being handled.

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY
Use of hand and
power tools
General

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS
Eye injury;
Lacerations and
hand injuries

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Use of hand and

power tools
Electric

Electrical hazards
Metal in eyes &
cuts

Cutting/Grinding
Improper
Grounding,
Improper
Operations &
Maintenance
General Tool
Safety

Wear eye protection when using hand/power

tools which cause flying debris.
Eye wash to be immediately available
Tools must be in good condition and used for
their intended purpose;
Familiarize workers with tool operation.
De-energize power equipment prior to
changing bits or blades.
Wear appropriate hand protection; observe
good work practices in ensuring that work
gloves are in good condition.

Wear safety goggles/glasses at all times &

proper protective gloves
Face shields over safety glasses
Use properly grounded or double-insulated
tools with ground-fault circuit interrupters
(GFCI);
Inspect the electrical cords for fraying,
cracks, and other damage before use; remove
damaged cords from service
Never daisy-chain electrical cords
Choose the right tool for the task. Inspect
tools before & remove defective tool from
service

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY
Delivery Of
Material On Site

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS
Hitting People Or
Obstacles On Site
With Truck
Unwanted loss of
or shifting load
Backing vehicle
striking worker

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Unloading Trucks

Drive The Proper Speed Limit (5 MPH) And

Constantly Scan For Potential Accidents.
Truck driver informed and understands the
requirements in this document.
Driver reads and signs off on document.
Have proper PPE available for drivers so
they can exit the cab to remove/tie down
loads.
Be sure all items are securely tied and out of
harms way.
Keep loads secure until ready to be removed
from the truck. Chock or wedge to prevent
rolling of round objects. No use of cheater
bars on Load Binders allowed.
Effective back up alarm and/or flagger to
direct truck while backing

Truck/trailer
unwanted rolling
Truck getting
stuck - Tow
cable/chains
breaking.
Entering and exit
being struck by

Set parking brakes and chock tires.

Hazards of trying to pull truck out from

being mired.

Road signage warning traffic of hazard.

Flagmen are to be used when necessary.

Strains & Struck

by

Utilize Proper Rigging And Equipment.

Slings and chains must be inspected prior to

use, and be designed for the proper lifting
capacity of the load.
Follow manufacturers recommendation on
all equipment.
Driver will stay clear of unloading and
loading operations

Slips, Nails In The

Foot, Tripping

All wood scraps, nails, banding must be

cleaned up immediately and placed in
containers.

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY
Work in confined
space, Welding

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS
O2 deficient
atmosphere
Explosive
atmosphere

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Concrete Saw
Cutting and
Drilling

Silica dust
inhalation

All employees to have BNL confined space

training, attendant training, confined space
certification form required, attendant
required, confined space monitoring
required, manhole barriers required.
Evaluate atmospheric conditions prior to
entry through atmospheric monitoring and
provide engineering controls as necessary
Complete certification form and permit, if
required, prior to entry
Rigorous control of all materials brought
into confined spaces
Utilize proper personal protective
equipment
Comply with BNL Confined Space
Requirements
Comply with OSHA CFR 1926.21 - (Safety
training and education requirements).
Use engineering controls and wetting of
concrete as a containment method to prevent
any dust
When sawing concrete, use saws that
provide water to the blade
Use adequate respiratory protection when
source controls cannot prevent dust
Utilize proper personal protective
equipment as determined by IH Support.

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY
Excavation

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS
Hitting buried
utilities
Property Damage
Electrocution
Crushing, flying,
debris & noise

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Completed mark-outs of utilities and

excavation permit prior to start of
excavation work
Confirm location of all utilities within
excavation area by hand digging
Verify mark-out was completed.

All soils shall be considered Class C.

Wear proper PPE.

Keep appropriate distance for task at hand.

Have competent person examine area before

work.
Keep spoils pile at least three feet from edge
of excavation.
Keep non-essential personnel away from
work activities
All equipment will be inspected by BNL
personnel 48 hours prior to using on the job.

Grading

Struck by,
Caught in
between,
Noise

Deep Excavation

Wall collapse,
engulfment

Insure that all back up alarms and other

safety equipment are working properly.
Wear seat belt.
Wear safety glasses.

Wear hearing protection during operations

when required by noise level above 85 dBA.
Safety vests to be worn at all times.

Keep in sight of operator.

Excavations deeper than 3 ft in depth

require an excavation plan. The required
excavation plan must be complied with at
all times.
All excavation egresss shall be inspected
daily and maintained.
Excavate slopes to 1.5 to 1 ratios, (34
Degrees), install trench box when
inadequate space is available for sloping.
Watch for signs of collapse (tension cracks,
ground settlement, water seepage etc).
Safe-off excavation area as required.

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY
Compacting

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS
Wall collapse,
noise, engulfment

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Insure the vibration does not collapse

excavation.
Wear appropriate hearing protection if the
noise levels require it, above 85 dBA
Have competent person inspect excavation
before work starts every day and as often as
necessary during the shift or after a rain
storm.
Insure backup alarm is working properly.

Safety vest are to be worn at all times.

Use mechanical, hoses or sprinkler to

moisten soil to keep dust under control.
Use proper respiratory protection as needed,
as determined by IH Support.

Dust Control

Breathing & Eyes

irritant, property
damage

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY
Equipment
Operation

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS
Equipment
accidents, struckby or crushing
accidents with
ground personnel

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Allow only necessary personnel into areas

where equipment is operating.
Maintain line of sight with operators.

Establish and use appropriate hand signals.

Daily equipment inspection checklist will be

performed each day prior to the use of the
equipment.
All operator manuals must be with the
machine.
Bucket and attachments must be grounded
when not in use.
Only trained and qualified Operators are
allowed to run the equipment.
Use spotters where high noise levels or poor
visibility interfere with an operator's ability
to see objects on all sides of the equipment.
Utilize safety vests at all times.

Equipment to be
used

Not knowing
Equipment,
Struck by,
Caught in between

Swing radius is to be barricaded while

working around ground personnel.
Keep all personnel out from under loads.
Protective systems shall be designed in
accordance with OSHA 1926 Subpart P Excavations
Trench box shall be used when inadequate
space is available for proper sloping

Must be trained on use

Follow Manufacturers Guidelines

Have Operating Manual on site

Equipment:
Hauling Trucks
PC300 Excavator
430 Backhoe
320 Bobcat

892E Excavator
450 Pay Loader
D5 Dozer
250 Bobcat

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY
Erosion Control

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS
Contamination,
property damage

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Insure the Erosion Control Plan is followed.

Use of engineered controls such as misting

of soils to prevent excessive dust migration.
Inspect site weekly and after every rain
event, and repair all damages as soon as
possible.

Site Maintenance

Transportation

Personal Injury
Tripping & falling
Property Damage

Traffic accidents
& crushing

All work areas are secure from unauthorized

access

Obey posted speed limits and traffic laws.

Cover loads to minimize the risk of blowing

debris.
Do not overload vehicles in weight or
volume.
Be sure route is identified and BNL
personnel are informed in advance.
When dumping on a stockpile truck drivers
must inspect the stockpile for cracks along
the edge of slope.
Trucks should dump only in designated area
that has been prepared by the construction
of a berm, and after a supervisory inspection
for signs of instability.

Undermining of
structures

Concrete placement

Hazardous
Atmospheres
Oxygen
Deficiency
Eye and skin
injury from
splashing concrete

Be sure all debris & material are stored to

avoid tripping hazard
All work areas are kept clean

Do not excavate below foundations or

footings of structures
Use shoring or underpinning to protect
against collapse of structures

Have Competent Person check excavation

deeper than four (4) feet where hazardous
conditions may be present

Wear boots, long sleeve shirts, and eye

protection
Wear proper eye protection and PPE

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

ACTIVITY

Job Number: __________

HAZARDS

MITIGATION/REDUCTION

Reinforcing steel

Impalement

All protruding reinforcing steel, onto and

into which workers could fall, shall be
guarded to eliminate the hazard of
impalement

Cranes

Personal injury or
property damage

Pre Inspection by BNL 48 hours before

equipment arrival
Trained and Qualified Operator

Comply with OSHA 1400 - Cranes

Annual Crane Inspection & other required

records
Logistics Plan

Daily Pre Lift Meeting

Daily Checklist

Daily Riggers Checklist

Proper PPE

Struck by

Equipment failure

Mobile Equipment

Traffic hazards

Coordination of moving equipment by

Supervisor, follow the Manual of Uniform
Traffic Control Device requirements
(MUTCD) as incorporated by reference
OSHA 1926
Only designated personnel allowed in work
areas
Set up traffic control devices and signage
Warning signs shall be placed to provide
adequate warning of hazards to workers &
public

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EXCAVATION
{Title of Operation}

Job Number: __________

I have attended the safety orientation tool box meeting where we discussed the phases of the job
and any potential hazards, housekeeping, and keeping the BNL populace out of harms way. We
also reviewed the PHA & BNL Work Permit.
I have read and understand the aforementioned PHA recommended job safe procedures and the
BNL Work Permit and will follow them throughout this job:

Name

Life Number

Date

A signed copy of the PH A must be posted while the

applicable subcontractor is working on-site and be
available to a n y B N L employee upon r e q u e s t .

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